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湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試試題（政治）
一、單項選擇題（本大題共30小題，每小題2分，共60分。在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是最符合題目要求的，請將你認為正確的選項填入后面的答題卡內。）
1．針對當前煤電油供應趨緊的形勢，2011年6月1日國家發改委指出，將繼續采取綜合性措施，增加有效供給，通過有保有限等措施，抑制不合理需求，確保居民生活、重點領域用電，“絕不允許拉限居民生活用電”。從根本上說是因為
A．國家履行組織社會主義經濟建設職能 B．在我國，公民當家作主
C．我國是人民民主專政的社會主義國家　 D．國家機構堅持對人民負責的原則
2．2011年3月3日至14日，全國兩會在北京勝利召開。來自各個民族、各條戰線的人大代表和政協委員，既有德高望重、經驗豐富的老代表，也有朝氣蓬勃、初展頭角的年輕人。他們職業不同、經歷各異。這充分說明我國
A．民主權利具有真實性 B．社會主義民主具有法律保障
C．民主主體具有廣泛性 D．社會主義民主具有物質保障
3．堅持人民民主專政是新中國成立60多年來的寶貴經驗。我國必需堅持人民民主專政，主要是因為
①人民民主專政在概念上直接體現了民主與專政的統一 ②堅持人民民主專政是我國的立國之本，已被寫入我國憲法 ③人民民主專政具有廣泛性和真實性的特點 ④堅持人民民主專政是社會主義現代化建設的政治保證
A．①④ B．②③④ C．②④ D．①②③④
4．中共中央辦公廳、國務院辦公廳下發的《關于健全和完善村務公開和民主管理制度的意見》，對落實農民群眾的知情權、決策權、參與權、監督權（“四權”）提出了許多新的明確的政策措施，為農民群眾依法維護自己的民主權利提供了依據和保障。這表明
①我國是人民民主專政的國家 ②廣大人民群眾是國家的主人
③人民民主是有制度保障的 ④我國的民主是全民的民主
A．①②④ B．①④ C．①②③④ D．①②③
5．不少網站都提示網民注意，在發表言論時，要注意遵守中華人民共和國的有關法律、法規，尊重網上道德、承擔一切因您的行為而直接或間接引起的法律責任。上述提示表明
A．權利和義務沒有質的區別 B．享有權利比履行義務更為重要
C．在我國，公民在法律面前一律平等　　 D．在我國，公民權利與義務是統一的
6．近年來，一些黨政高官因貪污腐敗被司法機關判刑，成為階下囚。到當前為止，已有北京、上海、廣東、重慶、云南、四川、陜西、黑龍江8個省級行政區公布了2009年查處官員職務犯罪案件的相關數據。這些省級行政區去年共查辦官員職務犯罪案件8810件，查處涉案官員逾1.46萬人。這主要表明
A．我國公民在法律面前一律平等 B．我國司法機關堅持依法行政
C．公民的權利和義務是不可分割的 D．我國政府堅持對人民負責原則
7．2011年5月，公安部下發通知，要求各地公安機關在查處賣淫嫖娼違法犯罪活動時，要堅決制止游街示眾等有損違法人員人格尊嚴的做法。嚴禁重效果、輕人權，無視法律、全憑習慣，“游街示眾”的執法方式。這說明
①任何公民的違法犯罪行為都受法律制裁 ②權利和義務是統一的，二者不可分離
③任何公民都平等地享有法律規定的權利 ④任何公民的合法權益都受法律保護
A．①② B．①③ C．③④ D．②③
8．“風聲、雨聲、讀書聲，聲聲入耳；家事、國事、天下事，事事關心。”這副對聯給我們點啟示是
A．政治生活是社會生活的基礎 B．青少年應努力學習科學文化知識
C．青少年應積極參與政治生活 D．讀書是為了參與政治生活
9．在差額選舉中，候選人可以采取多種方式向選民介紹自己，開展競選，這種競選方式
的優點是
①有助于選民了解候選人 ②導致虛假宣傳，夸大候選人的能力
③使候選人向選民展示自己的管理理念 ④可以充分考慮當選者結構的合理性
A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．②④
10．為創新干部選拔機制、提高選人用人公信度，2010年11月，湘西自治州在湖南省探路基層黨內民主，公推直選產生了兩名鄉鎮黨委書記。公推直選（指把黨委直接提名和委任變為在黨組織領導下，通過黨員個人的自我推薦、黨員群 眾的聯名推薦、黨組織的推薦這三個環節產生候選人，然后由全體黨員直接參與選舉領導班子）這種選舉方式的優點在于
A．每個選民都有直接表達意愿的機會
B．在選民較多、分布較廣的情況下適用
C．為選民行使選舉權提供了選擇的余地，在被選舉入之間形成競爭
D．可以充分考慮當選者結構的合理性
11．2010年1-2月，溫家寶總理主持五次座談會，就正在編寫的《國家中長期教育改革和發展規劃綱要》聽取各級各類學校校長和教師代表，教育專家和學者，大、中學生及學生家長代表的意見和建議。在這五次座談會上，公民是
①通過社情民意反映制度參與民主決策 ②通過社會聽證制度參與民主決策
③通過重大事項社會公示制度參與民主決策 ④通過專家咨詢制度參與民主決策
A．②③ B．①② C．①④ D．①②③④
12．根據上題材料，充分聽取教育專家和學者的意見
A．可以提高決策的透明度 B．可以提高決策的科學性
C．可以提高公眾的參與度 D．可以保護公眾的知情權
13．聽證會這種公眾參與影響社會政策的實踐模式，正在我們生活中發揮越來越大的作用，已成為社會焦點。實行社會聽證制度反映了
①行政決策機關和決策人員審慎決策，防止決策的隨意性和減少決策失誤 ②政府堅持科學決策、民主決策 ③人民的民主權利有了法律保障 ④我國民主制度不斷健全
A．①②② B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④
14．2008年11月15日，杭州地鐵施工現場發生大面積塌陷事件。中國工程院院士王夢恕教授在接受采訪時指出，專家意見多被領導意見替代是造成事故發生的重要原因。這說明了政府施政過程中__________的重要性。
A．民主決策 B．民主選舉 C．民主監督 D．民主管理
15．《人民日報》報道，貴州省錦屏縣圭葉村的村民們，制造出一種讓人嘆為觀止的財政民主形式，把一枚公章一破為五，由各村小組各選一個代表再加上一名支部委員各管一瓣，村里的開銷須經過其中至少三人同意，五瓣才能合并起來蓋章，從而保證村民委員會的清正廉潔。對于村民委員會認識正確的是
①是我國的基層政權組織 ②是我國的基層群眾性自治組織
③是我國民主的重要組織形式 ④由鄉鎮人民代表大會產生
A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．①③
16．在村民自治實踐中，廣大村民創造出很多形式來監督村干部和村民委員會的工作。下列哪些形式能起到這種作用
①村務公開 ②重大事項社會聽證制度
③民主評議村干部 ④村委會定期報告工作
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
17．某鄉通過開展全體村民“直評”村委會成員活動，進一步保障和擴大村民的知情權、參與權和監督權。全體村民“直評”村委會成員有利于
A．規范政府行為，保障村民權益 B．村民行使管理國家的權力
C．發展基層民主，實現村民自治 D．我國基層政權進一步完善
18．某市引入社會評議機制，交通局因連續兩次在部門服務社會評議中名列末位，其領導班子被迫“總辭”，五位責任人分別受到降職調任處理。引入社會評議機制的理論依據是
①社會評議是公民權利的體現 ②社會評議是公民義務的表現 ③社會評議是民主監督的方式 ④社會評議是行政權力的來源
A．①②③ B．②④ C．①③ D．①③④
19．某高一學生希望市政府機關部門在地鐵站附近設置自行車停車點和租賃點，以方便市民出行。他表達意愿的方式可以是
①通過人大代表轉達 ②給市長信箱“留言”
③撥打“市民熱線” ④向《××晚報》反映
A．① B．②③ C．①②③ D．①②③④
2010年10月12日，湖南衡陽市委、市政府召開“網友看衡陽”座談會，衡陽市領導就重大項目、城市品位、社區服務、新農村建設等老百姓關心的話題向31名網友“問政”，氣氛活躍，別開生面。據此回答20～21題。
20．通過網絡表達訴求和見解，正在成為衡陽老百姓參與政治的新形式和潮流。這表明：
A．網友直接行使國家權力
B．網絡開辟了中國特色民主的新渠道，有利于我國全民民主的實現
C．網絡問政有利于社會主義民主政治建設的推進
D．網友監督政府已成為反腐倡廉的主要途徑
21．衡陽市政府力推召開“網友看衡陽”座談會，網民參與熱情高漲。對此你的評價是
①我國政府與人民保持著密切的聯系 ②體現了對人民主人地位的尊重，努力建設親民政府 ③網絡上的建議和意見并不一定能體現在政府的決策中，這只是一種形式主義的民主 ④這樣做能更好讓人相信政府、支持政府、配合政府，建設和諧衡陽
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④
22．2011年3月10日，云南省盈江縣發生5.8級地震，地震已造成25人死亡，250人受傷。國務院救災工作組當日晚間火速抵達盈江地震災區，展開傷員救治、遇難人員善后和群眾的轉移安置等各項救災工作。從國家職能上看，這是因為
A．我國實行人民代表大會制度，人民是國家的主人
B．國家應履行社會公共服務職能
C．國家機構堅持對人民負責的原則
D．我國是人民民主專政的社會主義國家
23．一段時期以來，有些地方在考察任命干部時，不看德、能、勤，只看上報的材料和數字指標，于是出現了“彈簧數字”、“無據數字”、說大話、說假話現象。這種考察干部的過程明顯沒有
①堅持對人民負責原則 ②堅持求真務實的工作作風
③堅持公民在法律面前一律平等的原則 ④堅持權利與義務相統一原則
A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④
24．每年清明節，上海市市民掃墓出行成為一大難題。今年清明前夕上海市政府通過短信
和媒體提醒市民掃墓注意行車路線，掃墓祭祀注意防火和安全，截止現在為止，今年清明
節上海市掃墓組織井然有序，未發生嚴重堵塞和安全事故。如果要將上述事件寫成新聞報
道，最合適的標題是
A．轉變職能，政府性質逐漸改變 B．以人為本，政府服務更加完善
C．重視安全，政府職能日益多樣 D．執政為民，政府權力不斷擴大
25．今年初，某市政府召開新聞發布會，市長承諾市政府在新的一年將繼續辦好人民最關心的十件實事。這表明
A．依法治國是政府的組織活動原則 B．公民通過社情民意反映制度參與民主決策
C．為人民服務是政府的宗旨 D．政府遵循權責統一的原則
26．某市市民通過當地報紙表達了有關市政交通設施改造拖延竣工帶來交通不便的意見后，該市建委認真聽取意見，及時采取嚴厲措施加快了工程進度，廣大市民對政府工作表示滿意和認同。如果將上述事件寫成新聞報道，你認為最合適的標題是
A．廉潔從政無愧人民公仆 B．接受監督求真務實為民
C．公正司法樹立法律權威 D．政務公開建設法治政府
27．2008年6月18日，新華社受權發布，就加強市縣兩級政府依法行政的相關問題予以明確規定。依法行政，就是要求
①各級黨組織要立黨為公、執政為民　②各級政府及其工作人員必須嚴格依法行使行政權力 ③各級政府及其工作人員必須依法處理國家行政事務　④各級司法機關必須嚴格執法、公正司法
A．①③ B．②③ C．③④ D．②④
28．某市政府規定，“凡是市政府發布或經市政府同意以部門名義印發的涉及經濟社會發展和人民群眾切身利益的重要文件，均需進行解讀”。強調解讀文件“要使用人民群眾讀得懂、聽得明的語言”。這一措施
A．保障人民群眾享有更多的決策權
B．體現了政府從群眾中來，到群眾中去的工作方法
C．能使人民群眾直接履行政府職能
D．有利于人民群眾了解和促進政府工作
29．從行政監督體系來看，對我國政府具有外部監督職能的國家機關有
①國家權力機關的監督　 ②人民政協的監督
③司法機關的監督　 ④監察局及審計部門的監督
A．①③ B．①②③ C．①②③④ D．①③④
30．區別有權威政府與無權威政府的根本標志是
A．政府官員是否由人民選舉產生 B．政府是否站在公民的利益立場上
C．政府的管理和服務是否被人民認可和接受 D．政府是否自覺接受人民的監督
華鑫中學2011-2012學年度第二學期期中考試答題卡
高 一 政 治
一、單項選擇題（每小題2分，共60分）
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
二、非選擇題（共40分）
31．（8分）教育公平是最近幾年社會廣泛關注的問題。2010年教育公平備受考驗，“浙江高考航模加分”和“重慶31名學生民族成分造假”等事件的曝光，讓教育面臨著公共信任危機。當前，教育不公平主要表現在教育資源分配不合理、亂收費現象普遍存在等方面。在我國教育資源有限的情況下，如何公平分配這些資源，規范學校收費，使老百姓感受到公正，成為近年“兩會”代表重點討論的內容。不少網站開設專欄，讓公眾參與討論，引起強烈的社會反響，部分公眾的觀點還成為政府決策的依據。
為防止教育亂收費等現象的發生，公民可以發揮哪些監督形式的作用？
32．（12分）某市環境污染嚴重，違法建設、違法生產、違法排污的“三違”企業大量存在，群眾反映強烈。市政府根據群眾呼聲，將整治的重點放在由干部失職、瀆職、違紀違法和侵害群眾切身利益行為引發的矛盾糾紛等難點熱點問題上，并開展以“機關融入基層、干部融入群眾、解決民生信訪、化解基層矛盾、構建和諧城市”為主要內容的“雙融雙解一構建”活動。他們在鄉鎮建立了“便民信訪舉報工作站”，在村里建立了“便民信訪舉報工作點”，使信訪問題在家門口得到解決，同時還建立“十長”接訪制，全市各主要部門負責人在每周三負責接待來訪群眾，認真聽取群眾意見，現場解決群眾反映的問題。 　　
結合上述材料，運用政治生活知識說明，該市政府是怎樣堅持對人民負責原則的？
33．（20分） 近幾年沿海某市在經濟發展、社會進步的同時，面臨著以下問題：
①房價上漲比較快，中低價位、中小戶型房屋嚴重供不應求；
②10%最高收入家庭的財產總額是10%最低收入家庭的30倍；
③某些政府公職人員失職瀆職，“官煤勾結”，煤礦事故頻繁發生；
④多家化工企業嚴重污染環境，市民怨聲載道；
⑤刑事案件時有發生，擾亂社會秩序。
該市政府堅持“憂民之所憂、樂民之所樂”的理念，構建社會主義和諧社會。針對上述問題在網上公開征集市民建議，開展“市民論壇”活動，問計于民。
（1）該市政府問計于民的做法，體現了《政治生活》哪些道理？（12分）
（2）假如你被選為該市“市民論壇”代表，請就該市所面臨的問題向政府提出幾條合理化建議（8分）。
高一政治期中考試參考答案
31、①通過信訪舉報制度行使監督權，給有關國家機關寫信、打電話或向有關人員當面提出意見、批評、建議。（2分）
②通過人大代表聯系群眾制度實行民主監督，將自己的意見、建議和要求反映給人大代表，形成議案，上傳到國家權力機關。（2分）
③通過輿論監督制度行使監督權，依法在新聞媒體上公開發表意見。（2分）
④參加監督聽證會、民主評議會、網上評議政府等活動。（2分）
（2）①政府應履行社會主義經濟建設職能，加強對房地產行業和收入分配的調節，以提高人民生活水平，構建和諧社會。(2分)
②政府應保障人民民主和維護國家長治久安，保障勞動者權益和安全，依法嚴厲打擊各種違法犯罪活動，加強社會治安綜合治理；(2分)
③政府應加強政府社會公共服務職能，建設環境友好型社會。(2分)
④政府要依法行政，自覺接受人民監督，加強廉政建設，有效監督政府行使權力，確保公職人員的廉潔。(2分)
（從政府的宗旨、工作的基本原則、科學民主決策、政府的權威等方面回答可酌情給分。）
姓名 班級
密
封
線湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試化學（理）試題
本試卷分為第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷。第Ⅰ卷為選擇題，共25到試題；第Ⅱ卷為非選擇題，共7道試題。考試時量為90分鐘，滿分100分。
可能用到的相對原子質量：C-12；O-16；Na-23；Mg-24；Al-27；Ca-40；Fe-56；Cu-64；
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題 共50分）
一、選擇題（本題共25小題，每小題2分，共50分，每小題只有一個選項符合題意）
1．前不久，我國科學家合成了三種新核素，其中一種是Hf。下列關于Hf的敘述中，
正確的是
A．該元素的原子序數是72 B．該元素的原子序數是113
C．該核素的中子數為72 D．該元素的相對原子質量為了185
2．有六種微粒，它們分別是：、、、＋、2＋、－，它們所屬元素的種類為
A. 3種 B. 4種 C. 5種 D. 6種
3．已知氯元素天然存在Cl、Cl兩種同位素，若知氯元素的相對原子質量為35.5，則Cl
所占的原子百分比是
A．25% B．75% C．50% D．80%
4．下表為部分短周期元素的原子半徑及主要化合價的有關信息，以下敘述正確的是
元素代號 L M Q R T
原子半徑／nm 0.160 0.143 0. 112 0.104 0.066
主要化合價 ＋2 ＋3 ＋2 ＋6、－2 －2
A．氫化物的沸點為H2T＜H2R B．單質與稀鹽酸反應的速率為L＜Q
C．M與T形成的化合物具有兩性 D．L2＋與R2－的核外電子數相等
5．從如圖所示的某氣體反應的能量變化分析，以下判斷錯誤的是
A．這是一個放熱反應
B．該反應可能需要加熱
C．生成物的總能量低于反應物的總能量
D．反應物比生成物更穩定
6．下列有關化學用語使用正確的是
A．S2-的結構示意圖 B．NH3的結構式
C．CO2的電子式 D．HCl的電子式
7．下列說法錯誤的是
A．含有共價鍵的化合物一定是共價化合物
B．在共價化合物中一定含有共價鍵
C．含有離子鍵的化合物一定是離子化合物
D．雙原子單質分子中的共價健一定是非極性鍵
8．一定量的Zn與足量的稀鹽酸反應制氫氣，為了加快制取氫氣的速率且不影響制得氫氣
的量，向稀鹽酸中加入下列物質：①石墨粉 ②CuO ③Pt粉 ④Cu粉 ⑤Fe粉 ，
其中可行的是
A、①②③④⑤ B、①③⑤ C、①③④⑤ D、①③④
9．下列各組中屬于同位素的是
A．與 B．T2O與H2O C．與 D．金剛石與石墨
10．在一定溫度下的定容容器中，當下列物理量不再發生變化時，表明可逆反應：
A(s)+3B(g)C(g)+2D(g)已達到平衡狀態的標志是
①混合氣體的壓強；②混合氣體的密度；③B的物質的量濃度；④氣體總物質的量；
⑤混合氣體的平均相對分子質量；⑥V正(C)=3V逆(B)反應速率的比值
A. ②③⑤ B. ①②③ C. ②③④⑥ D. ①③④⑤
11．陰離子Xn- 含中子N個，X的質量數為A，則mg的X元素的氣態氫化物中含質子的物質的量是
A、 B、
C、 D、
12．下列各組物質的性質比較，正確的是
A．酸性：HClO4＞H3PO4＞H2SO4
B．氫化物穩定性：H2S＞HF＞H2O
C．堿性：NaOH＞Mg(OH)2＞Ca(OH)2
D．氧化性：F2＞Cl2＞Br2＞I2
13．合成氨的反應中：4NH3(g)＋5O2(g)4NO(g)＋6H2O(g)，在四種不同條件下分別測
得反應速率如下：
①V(NH3)=0.8mol·L-1·min-1 ②V(O2)=1.1mol·L-1·min-1
③V(H2O)=1.4mol·L-1·min-1 ④V(NO) =1.2mol·L-1·min-1
則反應速率最快的是
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
14．aXn－ 和bYm+ 為兩主族元素的離子，它們的電子層結構相同，下列判斷錯誤的是
A．原子半徑X＜Y B．a＋n＝b－m
C．Y最高價氧化物的化學式為YOm D．Xn－ 離子的半徑大于Ym+ 離子的半徑
15．右表為元素周期表前四周期的一部分，下列有關R、W、X、Y、Z五種元素的敘述中，
正確的是
A．常壓下五種元素的單質中，Z單質的沸點最高
B．Y、Z的陰離子電子層結構都與R原子的相同
C．R的化學性質較活潑
D．Y元素的非金屬性比W元素的非金屬性強
16.下列元素的原子半徑依次減小的是
A. Na、Mg、Al B. N、F 、O C. P、Si、Al D. C、Si、
17. 下列裝置能夠組成原電池的是
葡萄糖 硫酸銅 酒精 稀硫酸
A B C D
18.下列關于188O的敘述中，錯誤的是
A、質子數為8 B、中子數為8 C、電子數為8 D、質量數為18
19．元素性質呈周期性變化的原因是
A．相對原子質量逐漸增大 B．核電荷數逐漸增大
C．原子核外電子排布呈周期性變化 D．元素的化合價呈周期性變化
20．在元素周期表中，金屬元素與非金屬元素分界線附近，能找到
A．制半導體材料的元素 B．制農藥的元素
C．制催化劑的元素 D．制耐高溫合金的元素
21.下面是用電子式表示某些物質的形成過程，其中正確的是
22.氯仿(CHCl3)可作麻醉劑，但常因保存不妥而被氧氣氧化，產生劇毒物質光氣(COCl2)，其化學反應方程式為2CHCl3＋O2―→2HCl＋2COCl2，為了防止事故的發生，在使用前需檢驗氯仿是否變質，應選用的試劑是
A．氫氧化鈉溶液 B．鹽酸
C．硝酸銀溶液 D．水
23.下圖是CH4、CCl4、CH3Cl的分子球棍模型圖。下列說法正確的是
A．CH4、CCl4和CH3Cl都是正四面體結構
B．CH4、CCl4都是正四面體結構
C．CH4和CCl4中的化學鍵完全相同
D．CH4、CCl4的結構相同，性質也相同
24.以下關于甲烷的說法中錯誤的是
A．甲烷分子是由極性鍵構成的分子
B．甲烷分子具有正四面體結構
C．甲烷分子中四個C—H鍵是完全等價的鍵
D．甲烷分子中具有非極性鍵
25.如圖是元素周期表的一部分，關于圖中陰影部分元素的說法中，正確的是
A．N元素為第一周期元素
B．PH3的穩定性比H2S強
C．該縱行元素的最高價氧化物對應的水化物化學式均為H3RO4
D．H3AsO4的酸性比H3PO4弱
湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下期中考試題高一化學
第Ⅰ卷答題卡(選擇題 共50分)
一、選擇題（本題共25小題，每小題2分，共50分，每小題只有一個選項符合題意）
題號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
答案
題號 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 得分
答案
第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題 共50分）
二、填空題(本題包括3小題，共31分。)
26. （7分）有下列物質：①H2 ②Na2S2 ③KOH ④HF ⑤H2O2 ⑥MgCl2 ⑦NH4Cl，按下列要求，用圓圈數字（如：①、②、③等）填空：
(1)只由離子鍵構成的物質是________；
(2)只由極性鍵構成的物質是________；
(3)只由非極性鍵構成的物質是 ；
(4)只由非金屬元素組成的離子化合物是 ；
(5)由極性鍵和非極性鍵構成的物質是___________；
(6)由離子鍵和極性鍵構成的物質是_____________；
(7)由離子鍵和非極性鍵構成的物質是___________。
27.（16分）下表為元素周期表的一部分，請回答有關問題：
主族 周期 ⅠA ⅡA ⅢA ⅣA ⅤA ⅥA ⅦA 0
2 ① ②
3 ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧
4 ⑨ ⑩
(1) ⑤ 和 ⑧ 的元素符號是_________和_________．
(2) 此表中最活潑的金屬是_ __(填寫元素符號)，非金屬性最強的元素是_ _(填寫元素符號)．
(3)在 ③ ～ ⑦ 元素中，原子半徑最大的是 (填寫元素符號)。
(4)表中能形成兩性氫氧化物的元素是_________(填寫元素符號)，分別寫出該元素的氫氧化物與⑥、⑨最高價氧化物的水化物反應的化學方程式：____________________________；
________ ________。
28．（8分）A、B、C、D為短周期的主族元素，它們的原子序數依次增大。A和C的原子最外層電子數相等；C+ 陽離子與Ne原子的電子層結構相同；B、D同主族，B元素原子的最外層電子數是內層電子數的3倍；A與B能形成A2B及A2B2兩種化合物，其在常溫常壓下均呈液態。請回答下列問題：
（1）C2B2中含有的化學鍵是 。
（2）化合物A2B2的電子式是 。
（3）A、B、C、D離子半徑由大到小的順序為(用離子符號表示) 。
（4）用電子式表示化合物A2B的形成過程： 。
三、實驗題（本題包括1小題，共9分。）
29．（9分）某同學根據元素非金屬性與對應最高價含氧酸之間的關系，設計了如下圖所示的裝置，一次性完成S、C、Si三種元素的非金屬性強弱的判斷實驗。
（1）寫出A、B、C三處所用的化學藥品的名稱是：
A_________， B________，C_________。
（2）寫出該同學所設計的實驗原理所涉及的離子方程式：
①
②
（3）能證明非金屬性S>C>Si的實驗現象是：
。
四、計算題（本題包括1小題，共10分。）
30．(10分)現有可逆反應：2A(g)＋3B(g)nC(g)＋4D(g)，起始時，將amol的A與bmol的B充入固定容積的密閉容器中，在一定條件下達平衡，測得A、B的轉化率相等。
（1）則a：b＝ 。
（2）若起始時在2L的密閉容器中充入4mol的A與12mol的B，在一定條件下發生上述可逆反應，經5min后達平衡，測得物質A的轉化率為：(A)=50%，測得平衡混合氣體總物質的量為17mol。
①則上述可逆反應中，n＝ 。
②B的轉化率(B)= 。
③在5min內，用物質D表示的平均反應速率是 。
參考答案
X
W Y R
Z
G
Zn
Znn
G
Zn
Cu
G
Zn
C
G
姓名 班級
密
封
線湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試物理（理）試題
一．不定項選擇題（每小題4分，共48分）
1．在勻速圓周運動中，下列物理量中不變的是 ( )
A．角速度 B．線速度
C．向心加速度 D．作用在物體上的合外力的大小
2．關于運動的合成，下列說法中正確的是 （ ）
A、合運動的速度一定比每一個分運動的速度大
B、兩個直線運動的合運動一定是直線運動
C、兩個分運動的時間一定與合運動時間相等
D、合運動的加速度一定比每個分運動加速度大
3． 一個靜止的質點，在兩個互成銳角的恒力F1、F2作用下從靜止開始運動，經過一段時間后撤掉其中的一個力，則質點在撤力前后兩個階段的運動性質分別是（ ）
A．勻加速直線運動，勻減速直線運動 B．勻加速直線運動，勻變速曲線運動
C．勻變速曲線運動，勻速圓周運動 D．勻加速直線運動，勻速圓周運動
4．如圖所示，以速度水平拋出一小球，球落地時速度為，不計空氣阻力，圖中能表示出速度矢量的演變過程的是 （ ）
5．A、B、C三個物體放在旋轉圓臺上，動摩擦因數均為μ，A的質量為2m，B、C質量均為m，A、B離軸R，C離軸2R，則當圓臺旋轉時（設A、B、C都沒有滑動）（ ）
A. C的向心加速度最大
B. B的靜摩擦力最小
C. 當圓臺轉速增加時， A最先滑動
D. 當圓臺轉速增加時，A、B同時滑動
6.如圖所示，半徑為L的圓管軌道（圓管內徑遠小于軌道半徑）豎直放置，管內壁光滑，管內有一個小球（小球直徑略小于管內徑）可沿管轉動，設小球經過最高點P時的速度為v，則 （ ）
A．v的最小值為
B．v若增大，球所需的向心力也增大
C．當v由逐漸減小時，軌道對球的彈力也減小
D．當v由逐漸增大時，軌道對球的彈力也增大
7．如圖6所示,一個內壁光滑的圓錐筒的軸線是豎直的，圓錐固定，有質量相同的兩個小球A和B貼著筒的內壁在水平面內做勻速圓周運動，A的運動半徑較大，則 （ ）
A.A球的角速度必小于B球的角速度
B.A球的線速度必小于B球的線速度
C.A球運動的周期必大于B球運動的周期
D.A球對筒壁的壓力必大于B球對筒壁的壓力
8．在同一水平直線上的兩位置分別沿同方向拋出兩小球A和B，其運動軌跡如圖所示，不計空氣阻力．要使兩球在空中相遇，則必須 ( )
A．先拋出A球 B．先拋出B球
C．同時拋出兩球 D．A球的初速度大于B球的初速度
9．三顆人造地球衛星A、B、C在同一平面內沿不同的軌道繞地球做勻速圓周運動，且繞行方向相同，已知RA＜RB＜RC 。若在某一時刻，它們正好運行到同一條直線上，如圖所示。那么再經過衛星A的四分之一周期時，衛星A、B、C的位置可能是 （ ）
10．航天技術的不斷發展，為人類探索宇宙創造了條件.1998年1月發射的“月球勘探者號”空間探測器，運用最新科技手段對月球進行近距離勘探，在月球重力分布、磁場分布及元素測定等方面取得最新成果.探測器在一些環形山中央發現了質量密集區，當飛越這些重力異常區域時 （ ）
A．探測器受到的月球對它的萬有引力將變大 B．探測器運行的軌道半徑將變大
C．探測器飛行的速率將變大 D．探測器飛行的速率將變小
11. 2001年10月22日，歐洲航天局由衛星觀測發現銀河系中心存在一個超大型黑洞，命名為MCG6－30－15，由于黑洞的強大引力，周圍物質大量掉入黑洞，假定銀河系中心僅此一個黑洞，已知太陽系繞銀河系中心勻速運轉，下列哪一組數據可估算該黑洞的質量 （ ）
A.地球繞太陽公轉的周期和速度 B.太陽的質量和運行速度
C.太陽質量和到MCG6－30－15的距離 D.太陽運行速度和到MCG6－30－15的距離
12．在圓軌道上運動的質量為m的人造地球衛星，它到地面的距離等于地球半徑R，地面上的重力加速度為g，則以上敘述正確的是 （ ）
①衛星運動的速度為 ②衛星運動的周期為4π
③衛星運動的加速度為g/2 ④衛星的動能為mgR/4
A.①③ B.②④ C.①②③ D.②③④
二．填空題（每空3分，共12分）
13．在做研究平拋運動的實驗時，讓小球多次沿同一軌道運動，通過描點法畫出小球平拋運動的軌跡。
為了能較準確地描繪運動軌跡，下面列出一些操作要求，將你認為正確選項的前面字母填在橫線上： 。
(a)通過調節使斜槽的末端保持水平
(b)每次釋放小球的位置必須不同
(c)每次必須由靜止釋放小球
(d)記錄小球位置用的木條（或凹槽）每次必須嚴格地等距離下降
(e)小球運動時不應與木板上的白紙（或方格紙）相接觸
(f)將球的位置記錄在紙上后，取下紙，用直尺將點連成折線
14．如圖所示，在“研究平拋物體運動”的實驗中，用一張印有小方格的紙記錄軌跡，小方格的邊長L=2.5cm。由于某種原因，只拍到了部分方格背景及小球在平拋運動途中的四個位置a、b、c、d，則小球平拋的初速度大小是 m/s.( g＝10 m/s2)
15．如圖所示，由兩條位于同一豎直平面內的水平軌道，軌道上有兩個物體A和B，它們通過一根繞過定滑輪O的不可伸長的輕繩相連接，物體A以勻速率vA運動，在繩子與軌道成370 角 瞬時，物體B的速度vB為 。
16．如圖9所示，豎直圓筒內壁光滑，半徑為R，頂部有入口A，在A的正下方h處有出口B，一質量為m的小球從入口A沿切線方向水平射入圓筒內，要使小球從B處飛出，小球進入入口A的速度v0的最小值為 。
三．計算題（12+14+14=40分）
湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下期中考試題
高一物理 答題卡
一、不定項選擇題（每小題4分，共48分）
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
二．填空題（每空3分，共12分）
13、 14、 m/s
15、 16、
三．計算題（12+14+14=40分）
17．如下圖所示，半徑R=1m的光滑半圓形軌道固定在豎直平面內，直徑AC豎直，下端A點與光滑的水平軌道相切。一個質量為m=1kg的小球沿水平軌道從A端以VA=8m/s進入豎直圓軌道。不計空氣阻力，g取10m/s2。試求：
（1）小球進入圓周軌道后運動至與軌道圓心等高處時對軌道的壓力大小？
（2）判斷小球能否運動至軌道最高點，若不能請說明理由；
若能，請出小球的落地點離A點的水平距離。
18．隨著現代航天科技的發展，人類加快了探索宇宙的步伐，許多國家競相發射航天飛機進入外太空 。（1）若宇航員乘坐航天飛機在地球的赤道上空飛行，軌道半徑為r，飛行方向與地球的自轉方向相同.設地球的自轉角速度為ω0，地球半徑為R，地球表面重力加速度為g.在某時刻航天飛機通過赤道上某建筑物的上方，則從該時刻起至它下次通過該建筑上方所需時間t為多少？
（2）若航天飛機降落在某個半徑為的行星表面，宇航員拿出一個質量kg的砝碼，用彈簧稱量，其重力的大小。請您計算該星球的第一宇宙速度是多大？
19.如圖所示，在水平地面上固定一傾角θ=37°、表面粗糙、足夠長的斜面體，A與斜面體之間的動摩擦因數為μ=0.5,物體A以v1=6m／s的初速度沿斜面上滑，同時在物體A的正上方，有一物體B以某一初速度水平拋出。如果當A上滑到最高點時恰好被B物體擊中。(A、B均可看作質點，sin37°=0.6，cos37°=0.8。g 取10m／s 。)求：（1）物體B拋出時的初速度（2）物體A、B間初始位置的高度差h？
參考答案
一、不定項選擇題（每小題4分，共48分）
二．填空題（每空3分，共12分）
13、 a、c、e 14、 1 m/s
15、 16、
三．計算題（12+14+14=40分）
A
B
C
A
圖6
B
A
地球
A
B
C
B
地球
A
B
C
C
地球
A
B
C
D
地球
A
C
B
地球
A
B
C
圖9
學校：____________________姓名：___________________ 班級：____________________
密 封 線湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試英語（理）試題
PART ONE LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A
Directions: In this section, you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter (A, B or C) on the question booklet.
You will hear each conversation TWICE。
Conversation l
1．What is Grandpa doing now
A．Watering the flowers．B．Watching football games．C．Playing computer games．
2．Why does Grandma call Tom
A．To ask for help．B．To tell some news．C．To give some advice．
Conversation 2
3．When did the two speakers meet
A．Last Saturday． B．Last Sunday．C．Last Monday．
4．What can we learn from the conversation
A．The man ever wrote a book about English traditions．
B．The woman will be the man’s teacher．
C．They last met in the Chemistry Department．
Conversation 3
5．How does the man find Professor Martin’s class
A．Exciting． B．Hard．C．Boring．
6．Why does the woman like the study group
A．Because everyone is kind and active．
B．Because everyone is serious and helpful．
C．Because she likes the games in the study group．
Conversation 4
7．Why does the man want to get a car
A．Because it is useful for his work．
B．Because he has got a lot of money．
C．Because the car is cheap．
8．What does the man consider when he chooses the car
A．The price．B．The quality．C．The way of payment．
9. How much will the mall pay for the remaining part
A．$2500． B．$13800． C．$30000．
Conversation 5
10．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Teacher and student．B．Husband and wife．C．Father and doctor．
11．What food does the woman have
A．A bottle of beer．B．A basket of fruit．C．A cheese sandwich．
12．Which of the following is true according to the conversation
A．They haven’t driven there for a long time．
B．There are trees，grass but little water around the picnic site．
C．The lunch basket is in the back of the ear．
Conversation 6
13．Why does the woman feel surprised
A．Because the man has worked for over six years．
B．Because the man has worked for the same firm．
C．Because the man has a university degree but works as a trunk driver．
14．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers
A．Former classmates． B．Interviewer and interviewee． C．Boss and secretary．
15．What is the main advantage of the man working as a truck driver
A．He can make a lot of money．
B．He can do what he wants to do．
C．He can have time to be with his family．
Section B
Eric Clapton
Birth In the year l6 _in a small town near London
Childhood Brought up by his l7___ :Mother left him when he was 18 __ :
Education Went to Art College and started playing the guitar in 19___
Career First became famous when he started the group “Cream”:An excellent guitar player，singer and 20 __ :One of the most successful rock stars of all time
PART TWO LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
SECTION A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
21._____ we were worried about was _______ they could manage to control the pollution.
A. That; how B. That; whether C. What; that D. What; whether
22. You can not imagine the difficulty they had ____ the problem. It isn’t ____ easy.
A. to solve; so B. solved; so C. solving; that D. solved; that
23. I don’t know _________________.
A. what was the matter outside B. what was matter outside
C. what was outside the matter D. what was happened outside
24. Danby left word with my secretary _______he would call again in the afternoon.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
25. _____ hearing the news, all of us jumped with joy.
A Immediately B The moment C On D As soon as
26. The head teacher left the monitor __________ their class while he was away.
A. in the charge B. in charge C. in charge of D. in the charge of
27. --- Have the papers been corrected，Miss Zhang
--- Yes, but I regret ____ that you failed.
A. to say B. saying C. in saying D. I say
28. New York, ________ I visited last year, is a nice old city.
A. that B. when C. which D. in which
29. The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
30.. The murderer was brought in，with his hands ______ behind his back．
A．being tied B．having tied C．to be tied D．tied
31. When I got to the cinema, the film____for ten minutes.
A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was
32. It was ___ that a hundred people looked lost in it.
A so large a room B so a large room C such large a room D a such large room
33. ---Have you _______ been to our school before
---No, it's the first time I _______ here.
A. even, came B. even, am coming C. ever, come D. ever, have come
34. He managed to make himself with his____ English.
understand; breaking B. understand; broken
C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken
35. Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying
Section B (18分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that best fits the context.
After six months of living in New Zealand, I realized one thing. Despite my 36 for greater contact with local students, 37 I initiated the contact, it wouldn’t happen. Local students are not interested in contacts with the international students, because they regard us as shy, 38 and sometimes snobby （勢利的） people. Of course we know that’s not true. I want to change their opinions.
After 39 the problem, I put on my “confidence mask” each morning and walked around with a smile on my face. I chatted with people whenever I had the chance. I showed that I was not afraid to 40 them, and that I was worthy of being a friend.
A side-effect of my 41 confidence was that my emotions occasionally broke down Only in the 42 of my room, where no one could see, would I reveal my real emotions. All the rejections, funny looks, and 43 behind my back calling me a weirdo（古怪的人） melted into tears. Once that was done, I would put on my confidence mask once again and start a new day.
It finally worked My name became known throughout the school as I appeared to be 44 and active. Slowly, I discovered that I no longer needed to put on my confidence mask. I had real friends. Instead of dragging myself to school and 45 to be happy, I was truly happy. I could not believe it when I was elected to the student government as Deputy Head boy----the first international student to receive the title.
From my 46 in New Zealand, I believe one thing will always be true: If you try your best to reach your goals, you’ll achieve your 47 dreams.
36.A. desire B. invitation C. devotion D. effort
37. A. if B. otherwise C. unless D. once
38. A. energetic B. considerate C. free D. dull
39. A. getting B. realizing C. solving D. making
40. A. get up with B. put up with C. open up to D. look forward to
41. A. accepted B. proved C. elected D. forced
42. A. public B. privacy C. possession D. protection
43. A. laughing B. talking C. acting D. walking
44. A. minded B. talented C. humorous D. enthusiastic
45. A. looking B. helping C. pretending D. treating
46.A. experience B. trouble C. travel D. struggle
47. A. great B. impossible C. hopeful D. reasonable
Section C (12 marks)
Directions：Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Parents are busy people. If they are working, they are usually not at home 48 their children return from school. Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 49 after-school note for their children. They sometimes put the note on the kitchen table, the refrigerator, 50 another place where their children are sure to find it.
A note is often a 51 way to “talk”with a child than using the telephone. For one thing, parents have to think about 52 they want to say before they write. 53 another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again. People often forget all the details that 54 hear in a telephone call. Finally, cell phones can be turned 55 or telephone calls not answered. For these reasons, after-school notes are very popular with parents.
PART THREE READING COMPREHENSION
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows You are not alone.
Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods.
With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you.
Do not miss meals. Before yon leave home for a feast(宴會),have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.
Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them.
Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ).Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables.
If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate.
Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(過多的) calories.
56. Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ______
A. bring weight problems B. bring you much trouble in your life
C. make you worried about your foods D. make you hate delicious foods
57. In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you'd better__
A. drink much water and have vegetables only B. not eat the food in high fat
C. not accept invitations to feasts D. turn away from delicious foods
58. According to the passage, ___ is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight.
A. vegetables B. water C. calories of energy D. physical exercise
59. Many people can't help putting on weight after the holidays because they _______ .
A. can't control themselves B. go to too many feasts
C. enjoy delicious foods D. can't help turning away from the foods
60. Excess calories can be found in your body in the form of___ .
A. energy B. fat C. food D. something invisible (看不見)
B
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products, they give him shade, and they help to prevent drought and floods.
Unfortunately, in many parts of the world man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had.
Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the country found itself faced by floods and starvation.
Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade the villager to see this. The villager wants wood to cook his food with, and he can earn money by making charcoal(木炭) or selling wood to the townsman（城市居民）. He is usually too lazy or too careless to plant and look after trees. So unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.
This does not only mean that the villager’s sons and grandsons have fewer trees. The results are even more serious. For where there are trees their roots break the soil up—allowing the rain to sink in and also hold the soil, thus preventing it being washed away easily, but where there are no trees, the soil becomes hard and poor. The rain falls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, causing floods and carrying away with it the rich topsoil, in which crops grow so well. When all the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but a worthless desert.
61. The purpose that the writer wrote this article is to ______.
A. tell people the use of wood
B. tell people the function of tree roots
C. warn that man mustn’t destroy forests any more
D. explain how trees help to prevent drought and floods
62. In the writer’s opinion,_____, or the forests will slowly disappear.
A. measures must be taken
B. people shouldn’t draw benefit from the tree
C. government must realize the serious results
D. unless trees never be cut down
63. According to the article we know it is _____ to prevent the forests from slowly disappearing.
A. necessary but impossible B. necessary but difficult
C. impossible and unimportant D. difficult and impossible
64. In the last two paragraphs the writer wanted to make it clear that _____ .
A. where there are no trees, the soil becomes poor but soft
B. where there are many trees, there are more floods
C. where there are no trees, the land might become desert slowly
D. floods will make the land become desert
65. Which of the following is true
A. Many people have realized that trees can prevent floods and drought.
B. Only when the government realized the importance of protecting trees, could the villagers see it
C. The villagers’ sons or grandsons’ will have fewer trees.
D. Lands will become deserts one day if people do not take measures.
C
Want to lose weight Try eating. That’s one of the ways being developed by scientists experimenting with foods that trick the body into feeling full.
At he Institute of Food Research in Norwich, England, food expert Peter Wilde and his colleagues are developing foods that slow down the digestive system, which then sends a signal to the brain that stops appetite. “That fools you into thinking you’ve eaten far too much when you really haven’t,” said Wilde. From his studies on fat digestion, he said it should be possible to make foods, from bread to yoghurt, that make it easier to diet. While the research is still in its early stages, Wilde’s approach to controlling appetite is one that some doctors say could be a key to solving the problem of obesity.
“Being able to switch off appetite would be a big help for people having trouble losing weight,” said Steve Bloom, a professor of investigative medicine at London’s Imperial College, who is not connected to Wilde’s research. Bloom said that regulating appetite through foods is theoretically possible. But Bloom warned that controlling appetite may be very challenging. “The body has lots of things to prevent its regulatory systems from being tricked,” he said.
Wilde’s research makes use of the body’s ways of digesting fat. Fat normally gets broken down in the first part of the small intestines（腸道）. When you eat a high-fat meal, however, the body can only digest the fat entirely further down in the intestines, which then causes the body to produce a kind of chemical to stop the appetite.
Wilde’s approach copies what happens with a high-fat meal. He coats fat droplets（滴）in foods with modified proteins from plants, so it takes longer for the chemical that breaks down fat to reach it. That means that the fat isn’t digested until it hits the far reaches of the intestines. At that point, intestinal cells send a signal telling the brain it’s full. Even though the body hasn’t had a high-fat meal, it stops the appetite as if it has. If the fat had been digested earlier in the intestines, no such signal would be sent.
66. According to Wilde’s research, what could people do if they want to lose weight
A. Eat more bread and yoghurt. B. Trick the body by eating nothing.
C. Have foods with fat droplets coated. D. Control their digestive system strictly.
67. The underlined word “obesity” in Para. 2 most probably means “________”.
A. being too fat B. eating too much food
C. stopping appetite D. being unhealthy
68. What can be inferred about Professor Bloom’s opinion towards Wilde’s approach
A. It won’t work since the body’s regulatory systems will never be tricked.
B. It is sure to switch off the appetite of people with a weight problem.
C. It sounds terrible because regulating appetite through foods is not practical at all.
D. It’s no that easy to trick the body so more research should be done.
69. Which of the following is TRUE about Wilde’s approach
A. A kind of chemical is added to make a high-fat meal less fatty.
B. Fat is digested earlier and the body sends a signal telling the brain it’s full.
C. Fat won’t get broken down in the first part of the small intestines.
D. The chemical that breaks down fat will not reach the fat.
70. The passage is written to ________.
A. give advice on how to stop eating high-fat meals
B. introduce a research on controlling appetite
C. discuss the argument between two professors
D. show different ways to trick the body
PART FOUR WRITING
SECTION A
SECTION A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following plete the diagram by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
Who says people need land to grow vegetables All you need is a roof that is strong enough and flat enough to support a garden. We are going to describe one way to build a rooftop garden that does not even require soil. Four things are needed for a small rooftop garden. One thing is a roof that can support the weight; another is grass cutting. The third thing is a sheet of plastic in which to spread the cut grass. And the last thing is a box about eight centimeters deep and made out of four pieces of wood.
Once you are sure the roof is good, cut and collect some grass. Then lay down the plastic where the garden box will go. The four-sided box can be as long and as wide as needed. Place the box on top of the sheet of plastic. Then fill it with the cut grass. Next, add water and walk on the cuttings to press them down. After about three weeks, the rooftop garden is ready for planting. Put the seeds directly into the wet grass cuttings. This garden is a good place to grow peas, tomatoes, beans, onions and lettuce. If the box is deep enough, potatoes and carrots will also grow.
It is important to keep the grass wet until the plants begin to grow. When the plants are growing, they will need watering every day, unless there is rain. And they will need some liquid fertilizer. Also, seeds and new plants must be protected from insects and birds.
Rooftop gardens are increasingly popular, and not just to grow vegetables. They keep buildings cooler in the sun, so they save energy. They can also extend the useful life of a roof. Rooftop gardens also reduce the runoff of storm water and help clean the air. Plus they add beauty, and give birds and insects in the city a nice place to live.
The building of a rooftop vegetable garden
Things needed 71. ________ Requirements
A roof To support the 72. ________ 73. ________ and strong enough
Grass cuttings To be used as 74. ________ To be 75. ________ down
76. ________ To hold the cut grass Eight centimeters deep
Seeds To grow into77. ________ To be protected from 78. ________
79. ________ and fertilizer To make vegetables grow better Supplied frequently and 80. ________
SECTIONB (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit.
You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the world’s temperature. But rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation（撤離）of an island nation—the citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland.
During the 20th century ,sea level rose 8—12 inches. As a result .Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water which has polluted the country’s drinking water.
Paani Laupepa , a Tuvaluan government official ,reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years .Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions（導致溫室效應的氣體排放）,which are a main cause of global warming . “By refusing to sign the agreement ,the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years,” Laupepa told the BBC.
Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries .
Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable（易受影響的）to rising sea levels .Maumoon Gayoon ,president of the Maldives ,told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311,000 an “endangered nation”.
81. What is the direct cause of more and fiercer storms according to scientists (no more than 8 words)
____________________________________________________________________
82．Why was Laupepa not satisfied with the United States (no more than 10 words)
____________________________________________________________________
83．Which country’ s situation is similar to that of Tuvalu (no more than 2 words)
____________________________________________________________________
84．What is the text mainly about (no more than 7 words)
____________________________________________________________________
SECTION C (25%)
Directions : Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是一名中學生，叫李曉華,請根據下表內容用英語寫信給某 Just ask欄目的主持人Ralph.請求幫助解決一個長期困擾你的問題。
你的情況 1、學習成績好。2、愛母親。3、有點害怕母親。
你母親的情況 大學教授，工作勤奮。很少有時間和你說話。（請根據你的實際情況補充）
你的問題 很少交流。希望互相了解。（請根據你的實際情況補充）
注意：詞數100左右；
參考詞匯：發脾氣lose one’s temper 溝通: communicate with
Best wishes!
Section C (10 points)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
第三節 書面表達（25分）
體育運動能使我們身體健康，工作學習精力充沛。大家都喜歡運動，但許多人不知如何正確鍛煉，有時甚至出錯。
你很幸運，上學后得到體育老師的正確指導，運動起來相當愉快，所以身體健康。你一年中幾乎天天游泳，你還喜歡其他運動，并計劃在今年秋季中學運動會上參加幾個項目的比賽。
請根據以上內容用英語寫一篇 150左右詞的短文，不要逐字翻譯。
參考答案湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試試題（英語）
高一英語
（ 考試時間120分鐘 滿分150分）
PART ONE: LISTENING COMPREHENSION （30 marks）
Section A （22.5 marks）
Directions: In this section, you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter (A, B or C) on the question booklet. You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Conversation 1
What is the man
A.A taxi driver B.A bus driver C.A cinema manager
Which of the following statement is true according to the conversation
The woman will not arrive on time
The woman is half an hour late
The woman has a heavy luggage
Conversation 2
What did the woman do with the wound first
Moved him to the doctors
Ride him to the hospital
Give him some first aid
What is the possible relationship between the two speakers
A.A doctor and a patient B. Friends C. Strangers
Conversation 3
When will the class meeting be held
A. On Friday morning B. On Thursday afternoon C. On Friday afternoon
What is this class meeting be held for
A. The class rules B. The school rules C. The gold rules
Conversation 4
Where does this conversation most likely take place
A. At a bank B. In a wine store C. In a Customs Office
How long was the woman out of the country
A. Four weeks B. Three weeks C. One week
What did the woman have to declare
A. Makeups B. Cigarettes C. Plants
Conversation 5
What does the man think about his new neighborhood
There is no store nearby
There is slight air pollution
There is no heavy traffic
How long does it take the man to drive to work
A. For about 20 minutes B. For about 30 minutes C. For about 40 minutes
How does the woman go to work every day
A. By subway B. By bus C. By car
Conversation 6
What does the woman say about her breakfast
A. Cold B. Too salty C. Not enough
What does the woman want at last
A.A pool B.A discount C.A comfortable bed
Where does this conversation probably take place
A. At a hotel B. On a plane C. At a restaurant
Section B ( 8.5marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a mini-talk. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have got. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS. You will hear the mini-talk TWICE.
Manager of a small office
Mr. Grey Lived in the 16 , and came up to work 17
Met the stranger 18 years ago
Lent the stranger 19
The stranger Asked Mr. Grey for 20
PART TWO: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE （45marks）
Section A （15 marks）
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence.
21.Shenzhou VII，_______ country’s third manned spaceship, was launched successfully on September 25, 2008 in _______ northwestern Gansu Province, China.
A. a; / B. the; the C. the; / D. a; the
22. In my opinion, what he told us just now about the matter doesn’t make any_______.
A. meaning B. idea C. sense D. point
23. The murderer was brought in, with his hands______ behind his back.
A. be tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied
24. They haven’t settled the problem of ______ it is necessary for her to take part in “Super Girl”.
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
25. We don’t have enough money at present; can you borrow ______ from your friend for the palace ball
A. a jewellery B. some jewelleries
C. a piece of jewelleries D. a piece of jewellery
26. ______ likely _____ we will hand in the paper the day after tomorrow
A. Is it; that B. Is it; whether C. Is it; what D. Is it; who
27. John hit_________.
A. him on the head B. him on his head
C. him in the head D. him in his head
28. The speaker _______ at the audience and then began to make his speech.
A. glared B. stared C. glanced D. looked
29. The girl was frightened at the sight of a snake and her heart was _______ fast.
A. striking B. hitting C. jumping D. beating
30. I have finished translating a large part of the book, but the rest ______ more difficult.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
31. She can’t help ______ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned
32. Nowhere else in the world______ cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.
A. a tourist can find B. can a tourist find
C. a tourist will find D. a tourist has found
33. There are some cases _______ students obviously know the school rules but don't obey them.
A. why B. where C. as D. which
34. In front of our house _______ we used to swim.
A. a river lies that B. does a river lie where
C. lies a river which D. lies a river where
35. E-mail, as well as telephones，_______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
SECTION B (18 points)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D .Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Though born in Hawaii, Nicole Kidman first began learning performance arts while 36 in Sydney, Australia. By the age of thirteen, she was already 175 cm tall.
37 , it was more than just her height that made Kidman 38 from other teenage girls. Instead of making up all day like her classmates, she spent her spare time studying acting at the local 39 .
Kidman 40 success, and she appeared in several Australian movies and television series. In 1989, she performed in her first American movie, Dead Calm. Kidman 41 to give the best performance, so she worked hard to learn sailing skills a month 42 filming began. This perfect performance made her seem more 43 on the screen.
Perhaps it was her confidence that helped Nicole 44 the heart of Tom Cruise, one of Hollywood’s most famous actors. Cruise 45 Kidman in 1990. Their fairytale love filled gossip columns﹙八卦專欄﹚worldwide for eleven years, which helped Nicole’s career greatly. When the couple ended their marriage in 2001, fans were 46 .
The character that Kidman acted in Cold Mountain was a more accurate reflection of Kidman herself. In the movie, she 47 Ada, a young woman who overcame hardship through hard work and determination.
Her fans believe that she will continue to exceed﹙超越﹚all expectations because of her hard work.
36．A. growing up B．mixing up C．turning up D．staying up
37．A. Somehow B．Therefore C．However D．Anyway
38．A. far B．free C．safe D．different
39．A. theatre B．hospital C．factory D．temple
40．A. waited B．achieved C．studied D．judged
41．A. deserved B．failed C．required D．decided
42．A. since B．after C．before D．when
43．A. independent B．confident C．puzzled D．tired
44．A. win B．hurt C．lose D．feel
45．A. forgot B．controlled C．married D．changed
46．A. satisfied B．excited C．frightened D．surprised
47．A. loved B．played C．respected D．approved
SECTION C (12 points)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Mrs. Brown’s old grandfather lived with her and her husband. Every morning he went for 48 walk in the park and came home 49 half past twelve for his lunch.
But 50 morning a police car stopped outside Mrs. Brown’s house at twelve o’clock, and two policemen helped Mr. Brown to get out. One of 51 said to Mrs. Brown, “The poor old gentleman lost his way in the park and telephoned us to ask for help, 52 we sent a car to bring him home.” Mrs. Brown was very surprised, but she thanked the police 53 they left.
“But, grandfather,” she then said, “you have been to that park nearly 54 day for twenty years. How did you lose your way there ”
The old man smiled, closed one eye and said, “I didn’t quite lose my way. I just got tired and I didn’t want to 55 home!”
PART THREE READING COMPREHENSION (30 points)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passages is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked with A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
A famous teacher was speaking to the students at our school. He began his lesson by holding up a ￡100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, “Who would like to have this ￡100 bill ” The students began to put up their hands at once.
Then he said, “I am going to give this bill to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He then made this bill into a ball. Then he said, “Who wants it ” Hands went into the air.
“Well,” he said, “What if I do this ” and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up the dirty, crumpled bill and said, “Who still wants it ” Hands went back into the air.
“My friends,” he said, “You’ve learned a valued lesson today. No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it didn’t go down in value. It was still worth ￡100.
Many times in our lives, we’re dropped; crumpled, and stepped on by the chances we take and the things that happen to us. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those who love you. Your value doesn’t come from what you drop or whom you know，but WHO YOU ARE .
You are special and valuable. Don’t ever forget it!
56. The story happened ______.
A. when the teacher gave the students some advice on how to learn English.
B. when the students were having a meeting.
C. when the teacher gave the students a speech.
D. when the students were discussing something interesting with their teachers.
57. Even though the money was dirty, it _______.
A. went up in value B. was worth much
C. didn’t reduce in value D. was still ours
58. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph means_______.
A. the students put up their hands again.
B. the students put down their hands.
C. the students agreed to what the teacher said
D. the students put their hands in front of them
59. Why did the famous teacher use a ￡100 at his lesson
A. Because he wanted to give a lecture about money.
B. Because he was used to dropping a bill on the floor and stepping on it.
C. Because he was going to give the bill to one of the students.
D. Because he wanted to make the students know what the value was.
60. What lesson can you learn from the passage
A.￡100 bill is worth the same no matter what you do with it
B. All people love money most.
C. Your value doesn’t change no matter what happens to you.
D. The value of money changes when it is made dirty.
B
Mr. Jackson was tired of living in his old house in the countryside and wanted to sell it and buy a better one. He tried to sell it for a long time, but was not successful, so at last he decided to go to an estate agent.
The agent advertised(登廣告) the house straight away, and a few days later, the owner saw a very beautiful photograph of his house, with a wonderful description of his garden in an expensive magazine.
Having read the advertisement through, the house owner hurried to phone the estate agent, saying, “I'm sorry, Mr. Jones, but I've decided not to sell my house after all.” “Why ” the agent asked in a surprised voice. “Because from the advertisement in that magazine I can see it's just the kind of house I've wanted to live in all my life.”
61. Mr. Jackson wanted to sell his house because _____.
A. he needed some money to support his family
B. his house was too old to live in
C. he wanted some money to buy a new one
D. he didn't want to live in the house any longer
62. The reason why Mr. Jackson went to the estate agent was _____.
A. he had failed in selling his house by himself
B. he wanted the estate agent to help him to get a good price
C. he was sure that the estate agent could help him
D. he wanted the estate to advertise his house in the magazine
63. At last Mr. Jones _____.
A. was successful in selling the house
B. felt sorry to have lost a sale by his doing too good a job
C. was satisfied with what he had done in the advertisement
D. didn’t understand why Mr. Jackson had changed his mind
64. What do you think of the advertisement in magazines
A. They are worth reading.
B. They usually make things far better than they really are
C. They are a great help to those who want to buy something.
D. They describe things as they really are.
65. What’s the meaning of “an estate agent” in paragraph one
A. a person who has a house to sell
B. a person who helps others to advertise houses in magazines
C. a person whose work is to sell houses for others
D. a person who likes beautiful houses
C
Pat O’Burke was a poor Irishman with a large family, and one morning, waking up very early from cold and hunger, he decided to go shooting in a wood near his cottage. The wood belonged to Lord Northwood, a rich gentleman, Pat had no right to go there, but in it there were swarms of rabbits and flocks of birds that were good to eat, and Pat determined to take the risk. Suddenly he saw the owner, with a group of friends, coming towards him in the wood. There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face as he caught sight of the gun in Pat's hands. Pat's heart sank with fear, but he saw there was no hope of escape, so he walked boldly (大膽) up to the group and said to Lord Northwood, “Good morning, sir, and what has brought you out so early this morning ” Lord Northwood, rather surprised, said he and his friends were taking a little exercise to get an appetite(食欲) for their breakfast. Then, looking at Pat with suspicion(懷疑), he said, “but why are you out so early in the morning ” “Well, sir” said Pat, “I just came out to see if I could get a breakfast for my appetite.” The whole crowed burst into laughter at Pat's ready wit(機智，風趣), and with a smile Lord Northwood walked on, leaving Pat to try his luck with the rabbits.
66. This is a story about _____.
A. a rich man who owned a big wood
B. a poor Irishman who lived all by himself
C. a clever man who tried to get something to eat
D. an Irish hunter with a large family
67. There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face. Why
A. He was not expecting Pat at this early hour.
B. He knew Pat was coming for shooting.
C. He didn't like the poor Irishman at all.
D. Pat had not told him he would come.
68. Why was Lord Northwood surprised
A. He had not expected such a bold question from Pat.
B. He wondered why Pat didn't run away.
C. Pat wasn't afraid of him.
D. Pat had a gun in his hands.
69. What made the whole crowd burst into laughter
A. Pat's funny looks B. Pat's interesting remarks
C. Pat's quick and humorous response D. Pat's promise to leave fight away
70. Guess the meaning of the underlined word “right”.
A. 對的 B. 右邊 C. 正好 D. 權利
PART FOUR WRITING （45marks）
Section A (10 points)
Directions: Read the following plete the diagram by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
New Year traditions all around the world
“Happy New Year!” Everyone will greet each other with these words as they meet each other over the next couple of weeks. But it wasn’t always January 1 that marked the New Year.
At least 4,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians marked the changing of the year. In Egypt, the year started when the Nile River flooded, enriching farmers’ fields. This happened at the end of September.
The Babylonians held a festival in the spring, on March 23, to kick off the next farming cycle. The Babylonian celebration lasted for 11 days.
The date January 1 was picked by the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar as the change of the year when he established his own calendar in 46 BC. The month of January originates from the Roman god, Janus. He is pictured with two heads. One head looks forward and the other back. They represent a break between the old and new. The new calendar was in time with the sun and it has been used until the present day.
In Vietnam, the New Year holiday happens in February. They buy fresh flowers and a peach blossom to put in their house, following the Vietnamese custom.
Thailand has its specific New Year’s date; it’s different from the normal calendar. The Thai New Year is celebrated on April 13. On this day, Thai people play with water, throwing it on each other. It is intended to bring good luck during the New Year ahead.
In China, the more favorable New Year is usually celebrated in February according to lunar calendar (陰歷). On New Year’s Eve, all family members sit together at table, enjoying lots of auspicious foods such as dumplings, chicken to bring good luck.
Title: New Year traditions all around the world
Countries 71_________ Origins （起源）or 72______ 73______ or reasons
Egypt the end of September the Nile River flood Make fields74______
Babylon March 23 holding a 75 _______ kick off the next farming cycle
Rome January 1 Roman god, Janus 76 of a break
Thailand April 13 77______ water onto each other’s body bring good luck
Vietnam February buying fresh flowers and a peach blossom 78______the custom
China February 79_______ auspicious foods bring good luck and 80____ to everyone
Section B(10 points)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
It is the second week we have been studying English at university, and it is a new feeling for me. With the different language and the strange surroundings, I wonder how I can get used to school life in the US after graduating.
In yesterday’s class, the teacher Mr. Peters talked about baseball. He said, “Baseball is one of the most popular sports in the US. If you hope to speak English well, you must understand baseball. First you need to know the rules; then you need to try to find how it is related with the daily life.”
He gave us some examples and let some us guess the meanings. Unfortunately, I had never seen a baseball game before, so I couldn’t make any sense of it at all. But I realized that it was very useful for me to study here and melt into American society, so I was eager to learn something about baseball.
So, after class, I got out a big dictionary and asked one of my friends who had been in the US for several years for help.
My friend told me more rules about the game, but the more he told me, the more confused I felt! Maybe one day I need to watch a real game to understand better!
81. How long has the author been learning English at the university ﹙no more than 4 words﹚
82. What is one of the most popular sports in the US according to the passage ﹙no more than 2 words﹚
83. Why couldn’t the author understand Mr. Peters’ examples ﹙no more than 10 words﹚
84. What did the author do after class ﹙no more than 15 words﹚
Section C (25 points)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
最近我校對高一同學的學習生活適應情況做了一個調查，情況如下。請你用英語表達下表的調查內容，并提出個人觀點。
要求1.字數120字左右；
2.文章開頭已給，不計入總詞數。
參考詞匯：course 課程 benefit 對…有益 stressful有壓力的
60%左右的同學認為 40%左右的同學認為 我的觀點
1.高中學習很有壓力2.科目難度大，課后作業多3.沒有時間參加鍛煉等活動 1.適應并喜歡高中生活2.課程更有趣，活動更豐富，受益匪淺 ……
Recently，a survey has been carried out in our school whether the students has adapted to the life in senior high school.
參考答案
參考范文：
Recently，a survey has been carried out in our school whether the students has adapted to the life in senior high school.
As can be seen from the result of the survey, opinions are divided. About 60% of the students hold the opinion that life in senior high school is far from relaxing. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, the subjects they are learning now are obviously more difficult. Besides, they have to do endless homework after class, which leaves them little time for exercise and other activities. On the contrary, others say they have adapted to the new life and have begun to enjoy it. They find the courses are more interesting and the activities are more colorful, which surely benefit them a lot.
better.
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www.
來源：高考資源網湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試英語（文）試題
（ 考試時間120分鐘 滿分150分）
PART ONE: LISTENING COMPREHENSION （30 marks）
Section A （22.5 marks）
Directions: In this section, you’ll hear 6 conversations between 2 speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by 3 choices. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter (A, B or C) on the question booklet. You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Conversation 1
What is the man
A.A taxi driver B.A bus driver C.A cinema manager
Which of the following statement is true according to the conversation
The woman will not arrive on time
The woman is half an hour late
The woman has a heavy luggage
Conversation 2
What did the woman do with the wound first
Moved him to the doctors
Ride him to the hospital
Give him some first aid
What is the possible relationship between the two speakers
A.A doctor and a patient B. Friends C. Strangers
Conversation 3
When will the class meeting be held
A. On Friday morning B. On Thursday afternoon C. On Friday afternoon
What is this class meeting be held for
A. The class rules B. The school rules C. The gold rules
Conversation 4
Where does this conversation most likely take place
A. At a bank B. In a wine store C. In a Customs Office
How long was the woman out of the country
A. Four weeks B. Three weeks C. One week
What did the woman have to declare
A. Makeups B. Cigarettes C. Plants
Conversation 5
What does the man think about his new neighborhood
There is no store nearby
There is slight air pollution
There is no heavy traffic
How long does it take the man to drive to work
A. For about 20 minutes B. For about 30 minutes C. For about 40 minutes
How does the woman go to work every day
A. By subway B. By bus C. By car
Conversation 6
What does the woman say about her breakfast
A. Cold B. Too salty C. Not enough
What does the woman want at last
A.A pool B.A discount C.A comfortable bed
Where does this conversation probably take place
A. At a hotel B. On a plane C. At a restaurant
Section B ( 8.5marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a mini-talk. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have got. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS. You will hear the mini-talk TWICE.
Manager of a small office
Mr. Grey Lived in the 16 , and came up to work 17
Met the stranger 18 years ago
Lent the stranger 19
The stranger Asked Mr. Grey for 20
PART TWO: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE （45marks）
Section A （15 marks）
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence.
21.Shenzhou VII，_______ country’s third manned spaceship, was launched successfully on September 25, 2008 in _______ northwestern Gansu Province, China.
A. a; / B. the; the C. the; / D. a; the
22. In my opinion, what he told us just now about the matter doesn’t make any_______.
A. meaning B. idea C. sense D. point
23. The murderer was brought in, with his hands______ behind his back.
A. be tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied
24. They haven’t settled the problem of ______ it is necessary for her to take part in “Super Girl”.
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
25. We don’t have enough money at present; can you borrow ______ from your friend for the palace ball
A. a jewellery B. some jewelleries
C. a piece of jewelleries D. a piece of jewellery
26. ______ likely _____ we will hand in the paper the day after tomorrow
A. Is it; that B. Is it; whether C. Is it; what D. Is it; who
27. John hit_________.
A. him on the head B. him on his head
C. him in the head D. him in his head
28. The speaker _______ at the audience and then began to make his speech.
A. glared B. stared C. glanced D. looked
29. The girl was frightened at the sight of a snake and her heart was _______ fast.
A. striking B. hitting C. jumping D. beating
30. I have finished translating a large part of the book, but the rest ______ more difficult.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
31. She can’t help ______ the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned
32. Nowhere else in the world______ cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong.
A. a tourist can find B. can a tourist find
C. a tourist will find D. a tourist has found
33. There are some cases _______ students obviously know the school rules but don't obey them.
A. why B. where C. as D. which
34. In front of our house _______ we used to swim.
A. a river lies that B. does a river lie where
C. lies a river which D. lies a river where
35. E-mail, as well as telephones，_______ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play
SECTION B (18 points)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D .Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Though born in Hawaii, Nicole Kidman first began learning performance arts while 36 in Sydney, Australia. By the age of thirteen, she was already 175 cm tall.
37 , it was more than just her height that made Kidman 38 from other teenage girls. Instead of making up all day like her classmates, she spent her spare time studying acting at the local 39 .
Kidman 40 success, and she appeared in several Australian movies and television series. In 1989, she performed in her first American movie, Dead Calm. Kidman 41 to give the best performance, so she worked hard to learn sailing skills a month 42 filming began. This perfect performance made her seem more 43 on the screen.
Perhaps it was her confidence that helped Nicole 44 the heart of Tom Cruise, one of Hollywood’s most famous actors. Cruise 45 Kidman in 1990. Their fairytale love filled gossip columns﹙八卦專欄﹚worldwide for eleven years, which helped Nicole’s career greatly. When the couple ended their marriage in 2001, fans were 46 .
The character that Kidman acted in Cold Mountain was a more accurate reflection of Kidman herself. In the movie, she 47 Ada, a young woman who overcame hardship through hard work and determination.
Her fans believe that she will continue to exceed﹙超越﹚all expectations because of her hard work.
36．A. growing up B．mixing up C．turning up D．staying up
37．A. Somehow B．Therefore C．However D．Anyway
38．A. far B．free C．safe D．different
39．A. theatre B．hospital C．factory D．temple
40．A. waited B．achieved C．studied D．judged
41．A. deserved B．failed C．required D．decided
42．A. since B．after C．before D．when
43．A. independent B．confident C．puzzled D．tired
44．A. win B．hurt C．lose D．feel
45．A. forgot B．controlled C．married D．changed
46．A. satisfied B．excited C．frightened D．surprised
47．A. loved B．played C．respected D．approved
SECTION C (12 points)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
Mrs. Brown’s old grandfather lived with her and her husband. Every morning he went for 48 walk in the park and came home 49 half past twelve for his lunch.
But 50 morning a police car stopped outside Mrs. Brown’s house at twelve o’clock, and two policemen helped Mr. Brown to get out. One of 51 said to Mrs. Brown, “The poor old gentleman lost his way in the park and telephoned us to ask for help, 52 we sent a car to bring him home.” Mrs. Brown was very surprised, but she thanked the police 53 they left.
“But, grandfather,” she then said, “you have been to that park nearly 54 day for twenty years. How did you lose your way there ”
The old man smiled, closed one eye and said, “I didn’t quite lose my way. I just got tired and I didn’t want to 55 home!”
PART THREE READING COMPREHENSION (30 points)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passages is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked with A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
A famous teacher was speaking to the students at our school. He began his lesson by holding up a ￡100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, “Who would like to have this ￡100 bill ” The students began to put up their hands at once.
Then he said, “I am going to give this bill to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He then made this bill into a ball. Then he said, “Who wants it ” Hands went into the air.
“Well,” he said, “What if I do this ” and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it. He picked up the dirty, crumpled bill and said, “Who still wants it ” Hands went back into the air.
“My friends,” he said, “You’ve learned a valued lesson today. No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it didn’t go down in value. It was still worth ￡100.
Many times in our lives, we’re dropped; crumpled, and stepped on by the chances we take and the things that happen to us. We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, no matter what has happened to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those who love you. Your value doesn’t come from what you drop or whom you know，but WHO YOU ARE .
You are special and valuable. Don’t ever forget it!
56. The story happened ______.
A. when the teacher gave the students some advice on how to learn English.
B. when the students were having a meeting.
C. when the teacher gave the students a speech.
D. when the students were discussing something interesting with their teachers.
57. Even though the money was dirty, it _______.
A. went up in value B. was worth much
C. didn’t reduce in value D. was still ours
58. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph means_______.
A. the students put up their hands again.
B. the students put down their hands.
C. the students agreed to what the teacher said
D. the students put their hands in front of them
59. Why did the famous teacher use a ￡100 at his lesson
A. Because he wanted to give a lecture about money.
B. Because he was used to dropping a bill on the floor and stepping on it.
C. Because he was going to give the bill to one of the students.
D. Because he wanted to make the students know what the value was.
60. What lesson can you learn from the passage
A.￡100 bill is worth the same no matter what you do with it
B. All people love money most.
C. Your value doesn’t change no matter what happens to you.
D. The value of money changes when it is made dirty.
B
Mr. Jackson was tired of living in his old house in the countryside and wanted to sell it and buy a better one. He tried to sell it for a long time, but was not successful, so at last he decided to go to an estate agent.
The agent advertised(登廣告) the house straight away, and a few days later, the owner saw a very beautiful photograph of his house, with a wonderful description of his garden in an expensive magazine.
Having read the advertisement through, the house owner hurried to phone the estate agent, saying, “I'm sorry, Mr. Jones, but I've decided not to sell my house after all.” “Why ” the agent asked in a surprised voice. “Because from the advertisement in that magazine I can see it's just the kind of house I've wanted to live in all my life.”
61. Mr. Jackson wanted to sell his house because _____.
A. he needed some money to support his family
B. his house was too old to live in
C. he wanted some money to buy a new one
D. he didn't want to live in the house any longer
62. The reason why Mr. Jackson went to the estate agent was _____.
A. he had failed in selling his house by himself
B. he wanted the estate agent to help him to get a good price
C. he was sure that the estate agent could help him
D. he wanted the estate to advertise his house in the magazine
63. At last Mr. Jones _____.
A. was successful in selling the house
B. felt sorry to have lost a sale by his doing too good a job
C. was satisfied with what he had done in the advertisement
D. didn’t understand why Mr. Jackson had changed his mind
64. What do you think of the advertisement in magazines
A. They are worth reading.
B. They usually make things far better than they really are.
C. They are a great help to those who want to buy something.
D. They describe things as they really are.
65. What’s the meaning of “an estate agent” in paragraph one
A. a person who has a house to sell
B. a person who helps others to advertise houses in magazines
C. a person whose work is to sell houses for others
D. a person who likes beautiful houses
C
Pat O’Burke was a poor Irishman with a large family, and one morning, waking up very early from cold and hunger, he decided to go shooting in a wood near his cottage. The wood belonged to Lord Northwood, a rich gentleman, Pat had no right to go there, but in it there were swarms of rabbits and flocks of birds that were good to eat, and Pat determined to take the risk. Suddenly he saw the owner, with a group of friends, coming towards him in the wood. There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face as he caught sight of the gun in Pat's hands. Pat's heart sank with fear, but he saw there was no hope of escape, so he walked boldly (大膽) up to the group and said to Lord Northwood, “Good morning, sir, and what has brought you out so early this morning ” Lord Northwood, rather surprised, said he and his friends were taking a little exercise to get an appetite(食欲) for their breakfast. Then, looking at Pat with suspicion(懷疑), he said, “but why are you out so early in the morning ” “Well, sir” said Pat, “I just came out to see if I could get a breakfast for my appetite.” The whole crowed burst into laughter at Pat's ready wit(機智，風趣), and with a smile Lord Northwood walked on, leaving Pat to try his luck with the rabbits.
66. This is a story about _____.
A. a rich man who owned a big wood
B. a poor Irishman who lived all by himself
C. a clever man who tried to get something to eat
D. an Irish hunter with a large family
67. There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face. Why
A. He was not expecting Pat at this early hour.
B. He knew Pat was coming for shooting.
C. He didn't like the poor Irishman at all.
D. Pat had not told him he would come.
68. Why was Lord Northwood surprised
A. He had not expected such a bold question from Pat.
B. He wondered why Pat didn't run away.
C. Pat wasn't afraid of him.
D. Pat had a gun in his hands.
69. What made the whole crowd burst into laughter
A. Pat's funny looks B. Pat's interesting remarks
C. Pat's quick and humorous response D. Pat's promise to leave fight away
70. Guess the meaning of the underlined word “right”.
A. 對的 B. 右邊 C. 正好 D. 權利
PART FOUR WRITING （45marks）
Section A (10 points)
Directions: Read the following plete the diagram by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
New Year traditions all around the world
“Happy New Year!” Everyone will greet each other with these words as they meet each other over the next couple of weeks. But it wasn’t always January 1 that marked the New Year.
At least 4,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians and Babylonians marked the changing of the year. In Egypt, the year started when the Nile River flooded, enriching farmers’ fields. This happened at the end of September.
The Babylonians held a festival in the spring, on March 23, to kick off the next farming cycle. The Babylonian celebration lasted for 11 days.
The date January 1 was picked by the Roman Emperor Julius Caesar as the change of the year when he established his own calendar in 46 BC. The month of January originates from the Roman god, Janus. He is pictured with two heads. One head looks forward and the other back. They represent a break between the old and new. The new calendar was in time with the sun and it has been used until the present day.
In Vietnam, the New Year holiday happens in February. They buy fresh flowers and a peach blossom to put in their house, following the Vietnamese custom.
Thailand has its specific New Year’s date; it’s different from the normal calendar. The Thai New Year is celebrated on April 13. On this day, Thai people play with water, throwing it on each other. It is intended to bring good luck during the New Year ahead.
In China, the more favorable New Year is usually celebrated in February according to lunar calendar (陰歷). On New Year’s Eve, all family members sit together at table, enjoying lots of auspicious foods such as dumplings, chicken to bring good luck.
Title: New Year traditions all around the world
Countries 71_________ Origins （起源）or 72______ 73______ or reasons
Egypt the end of September the Nile River flood Make fields74______
Babylon March 23 holding a 75 _______ kick off the next farming cycle
Rome January 1 Roman god, Janus 76 of a break
Thailand April 13 77______ water onto each other’s body bring good luck
Vietnam February buying fresh flowers and a peach blossom 78______the custom
China February 79_______ auspicious foods bring good luck and 80____ to everyone
Section B(10 points)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
It is the second week we have been studying English at university, and it is a new feeling for me. With the different language and the strange surroundings, I wonder how I can get used to school life in the US after graduating.
In yesterday’s class, the teacher Mr. Peters talked about baseball. He said, “Baseball is one of the most popular sports in the US. If you hope to speak English well, you must understand baseball. First you need to know the rules; then you need to try to find how it is related with the daily life.”
He gave us some examples and let some us guess the meanings. Unfortunately, I had never seen a baseball game before, so I couldn’t make any sense of it at all. But I realized that it was very useful for me to study here and melt into American society, so I was eager to learn something about baseball.
So, after class, I got out a big dictionary and asked one of my friends who had been in the US for several years for help.
My friend told me more rules about the game, but the more he told me, the more confused I felt! Maybe one day I need to watch a real game to understand better!
81. How long has the author been learning English at the university ﹙no more than 4 words﹚
82. What is one of the most popular sports in the US according to the passage ﹙no more than 2 words﹚
83. Why couldn’t the author understand Mr. Peters’ examples ﹙no more than 10 words﹚
84. What did the author do after class ﹙no more than 15 words﹚
Section C (25 points)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
最近我校對高一同學的學習生活適應情況做了一個調查，情況如下。請你用英語表達下表的調查內容，并提出個人觀點。
要求1.字數120字左右；
2.文章開頭已給，不計入總詞數。
參考詞匯：course 課程 benefit 對…有益 stressful有壓力的
60%左右的同學認為 40%左右的同學認為 我的觀點
1.高中學習很有壓力2.科目難度大，課后作業多3.沒有時間參加鍛煉等活動 1.適應并喜歡高中生活2.課程更有趣，活動更豐富，受益匪淺 ……
Recently，a survey has been carried out in our school whether the students has adapted to the life in senior high school.
參考答案
參考范文：
Recently，a survey has been carried out in our school whether the students has adapted to the life in senior high school.
As can be seen from the result of the survey, opinions are divided. About 60% of the students hold the opinion that life in senior high school is far from relaxing. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, the subjects they are learning now are obviously more difficult. Besides, they have to do endless homework after class, which leaves them little time for exercise and other activities. On the contrary, others say they have adapted to the new life and have begun to enjoy it. They find the courses are more interesting and the activities are more colorful, which surely benefit them a lot.
better.
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www.
來源：高考資源網湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試生物試題
單項選擇題（每小題2分，共60分）
1、已知小麥抗病對感病為顯性，無芒對有芒為顯性，兩對性獨立遺傳。用純合的抗病無芒與感病有芒雜交，F1自交，播種所有的F2，假定所有F2植株都能成活，在F2植株開花前，拔掉所有的有芒植株，并對剩余植株套袋，假定剩余的每株F2收獲的種子數量相等，且F3的表現型符合遺傳定律。從理論上講F3中表現感病植株的比例為
A．1/8 B．3/8 C．1/16 D．3/16
2、下列有關孟德爾豌豆雜交實驗的敘述，正確的是 A．孟德爾在豌豆開花時進行去雄和授粉，實現親本的雜交 B．孟德爾研究豌豆花的構造，但無需考慮雌蕊、雄蕊的發育程度C．孟德爾根據親本中不同個體表現型來判斷親本是否純合 D．孟德爾利用了豌豆自花傳粉、閉花受粉的特性3、已知A與a、B與b、C與C 3對等位基因自由組合，基因型分別為AaBbCc、AabbCc的兩個體進行雜交。下列關于雜交后代的推測，正確的是 A．表現型有8種，AaBbCc個體的比例為1／16 B．表現型有4種，aaBbcc個體的比例為1／16C．表現型有8種，Aabbcc個體的比例為1／8D．表現型有8種，aaBbCc個體的比例為1／16
4、已知某閉花受粉植物高莖對矮莖為顯性，紅花對白花為顯性，兩對性狀獨立遺傳。用純合的高莖紅花與矮莖白花雜交，F1自交，播種所有的F2，假定所有的F2植株都能成活，F2植株開花時，拔掉所有的白花植株，假定剩余的每株F2自交收獲的種子數量相等，且F3的表現性符合遺傳的基本定律。從理論上講F3中表現白花植株的比例為
A．1/4 B.1/6 C.1/8 D.1/16
5、分析某生物的雙鏈DNA，發現腺嘌呤與胸腺嘧啶之和占全部堿基的64％，其中一條鏈上的腺嘌呤占該鏈全部堿基的30％，則對應鏈中腺嘌呤占整個DNA分子堿基的比例是
A、50% B、34% C、32% D、17%
6、一個具有1000個堿基對的DNA分子，如果腺嘌呤的含量為20%，則含胞嘧啶的堿基對為
A、200個 B、300個 C、400個 D、600個
7、在某種牛中，基因為AA的個體的體色是紅褐色的，aa為紅色的。基因型為Aa的個體中，雄牛是紅褐色的，而雌牛則為紅色。一頭紅褐色的母牛生了一頭紅色小牛，這頭小牛的性別及其因型為
A．雄性或雌性，aa B．雄性，Aa
C．雌性，Aa D．雌性，aa或Aa
8、請指出無絲分裂、有絲分裂、減數分裂共有的選項
A．紡錘體的形成 B．著絲點分裂 C．染色體數目減半 D．DNA復制
9、如圖為甲、乙家族為同種遺傳病的系譜圖，
若6號與9號婚配，生一個正常男孩的幾率是
A．4/9 B．5/12
C．1/12 D．3/8
10、下列是減數分裂過程中的幾個步驟，其正確的順序是
①形成四分體 ②同源染色體分離 ③細胞質分離 ④聯會
⑤染色體復制 ⑥染色單體分離 ⑦著絲點分裂
A．②①③④⑦⑤⑥③ B．③⑤②⑦④⑥①③
C．⑤④①②③⑦⑥③ D．⑤④⑦③⑥②①③
11、某動物的精細胞中有染色體16條，則在該動物的初級精母細胞前期時存在的染色體條數、四分體個數、染色單體條數、DNA分子個數分別是
A．32、16、64、64 B．32、8、32、64
C．16、8、32、32 D．16、0、32、32
12、如欲觀察細胞減數分裂過程，可選用的材料是
A．馬蛔蟲受精卵 B．成熟花粉粒 C．小鼠睪丸 D．葉芽
13、在生殖季節，一只雌蛙產4000粒卵，能與精巢中多少個精原細胞產生的精子受精形成受精卵
A．4000個 B．2000個 C．1000個 D．500個
14、下列關于對受精卵的敘述中，錯誤的是
A．受精卵中的遺傳物質一半來自精子 B．受精卵中的染色體一半來自母本
C．受精卵是一個新的生命發育的起點 D．受精卵中含有豐富的營養物質
15、基因型AaBbCCDd的個體，1000個初級精母細胞可形成精子
A．2種 B．4種 C．8種 D．16種
16、下列關于基因和染色體關系的敘述，正確的是
A．基因全部在染色體上 B．基因在染色體上呈線性排列
C．一條染色體上有一個基因 D．染色體就是由基因組成的
17、下圖是一種伴性遺傳病的家系圖，據圖做出的判斷錯誤的是
A．該病是顯性遺傳病，Ⅱ5是雜合子
B．Ⅲ7與正常女性結婚，子女都不患病
C．該致病基因位于X染色體的同源區段上，
Y染色體上有相對應的等位基因
D．建議Ⅲ9最好選擇生育男孩，Ⅲ8最好不要小孩
18、下列關于孟德爾遺傳規律現代解釋的敘述錯誤的是
A．非同源染色體上的非等位基因的分離和組合是互不干擾的
B．同源染色體上的等位基因具有一定的獨立性
C．同源染色體上的等位基因分離，非等位基因自由組合
D．同源染色體上的等位基因分離，非同源染色體上的非等位基因自由組合
19、下列現象是細胞有絲分裂和減數分裂過程共有的是
①DNA復制一次；②著絲點的分裂；③最終產生兩個子細胞；④有同源染色體的分離；⑤能進行非同源染色體組合；⑥有染色體、紡錘體的出現。
A．①②⑤⑥ B．①②④⑥ C．②③④⑥ D．①②⑥
20、右圖是細胞分裂某時期示意圖，下面的敘述中不正確的是
A．后期時移向同一極的染色體均為非同源染色體
B．④是一個染色體，包含兩個染色單體①、③，兩個染色單體由一個著絲點②相連
C．細胞中有兩對同源染色體，即④和⑦，⑤和⑥
D．因為細胞中有中心體⑨，無細胞壁，所以可以斷定該細胞為動物細胞
21、下列各組細胞中一定存在Y染色體的是
A．人神經元、果蠅次級精母細胞 B．人的初級精母細胞、男性肝細胞
C．人的肝細胞、男性成熟的紅細胞 D．人初級卵母細胞、人第一極體
22、下列哪項不是遺傳物質應該具有的特點
A．分子結構不穩定，容易產生可遺傳的變異
B．在細胞生長和繁殖的過程中能夠精確地復制
C．能夠指導蛋白質合成，從而控制生物的性狀和新陳代謝
D．具有儲存巨大數量遺傳信息的潛在能力
23、下列說法正確的是
A．1個細胞中染色體數與著絲點一致
B．1個細胞中染色單體數與DNA分子數一致
C．初級精母細胞中DNA分子數與正常體細胞中的一致
D．減數第二次分裂后期，次級精母細胞中的染色體數是正常體細胞中的一半
24、下列有關核酸的敘述中，不正確的是
A．核酸由C、H、O、N、P等元素組成 B．核酸的基本組成單位是DNA和RNA
C．核酸能控制蛋白質的合成 D．DNA主要存在于細胞核內
25、用15N標記細菌的DNA分子，再將它們放入含14N的培養基中連續繁殖四代，a、b、c為三種DNA分子：a只含15N，b同時含14N和15N，c只含14N，如下圖所示，這三種DNA分子的比例正確的是
A B C D
26、原核生物、真核生物、病毒的遺傳物質分別是
①DNA ②RNA ③DNA和RNA ④DNA或RNA
A．①②③ B．④④④ C．①③④ D．①①④
27、下列有關染色體、DNA、基因、脫氧核苷酸的說法，不正確的是
A．在DNA分子結構中，與脫氧核糖直接相連的一般是一個磷酸基和一個堿基
B．基因是具有遺傳效應的DNA片段，一個DNA分子上可含有成百上千個基因
C．一個基因含有許多個脫氧核苷酸，基因的特異性是由脫氧核苷酸的排列順序決定的
D．染色體是DNA的主要載體，一條染色體上含有1個或2個DNA分子
28、下列有關DNA復制的敘述，正確的是
A．DNA分子在解旋酶的作用下，水解成脫氧核苷酸
B．全部解旋之后才開始堿基配對
C．解旋后以一條母鏈為模板合成兩條新的子鏈
D．復制后，每個新DNA分子中含有一條母鏈和一條子鏈
29、馬和豚鼠體細胞具有相同數目的染色體，但性狀差異很大，原因是
A．生活環境不同 B．DNA分子中堿基配對方式不同
C．著絲點數目不同 D．DNA分子中堿基對排列順序不同
30、假定大腸桿菌含14N的DNA的相對分子質量為a，含15N的DNA的相對分子質量為b，現將含15N的大腸桿菌培養在含14N的培養基中，那么，子二代中DNA的平均相對分子質量是
A．(3a+b)/4 B．(a+b)/2 C．3a+b D．(3b+a)/4
二、非選擇題（每空一分，共40分）
31、（12分）如下圖是三個不同時期的細胞分裂圖，請回答：
（1）圖A屬 分裂的 時期。細胞中有 條染色單體。
（2）圖B細胞的名稱是 。
此細胞分裂后的子細胞叫做 ，含 條染色體、 條染色單體。
（3）圖C處于 期，此細胞的名稱是 ，它分裂后得到的子細胞為 。
（4）A、C兩圖中染色體數之比為 ；DNA數之比為 。
32、（10分）下圖是某家族患甲病（顯性基因為A，隱性基因為a）和乙病 （為伴性遺傳病，顯性基因為B，隱性基因為b）兩種遺傳病的系譜圖，請據圖回答：
（1）由遺傳圖譜可判斷出甲病為 染色體上______性遺傳病。
（2）Ⅱ-2的基因型為 ；Ⅲ-2的基因型為 。
（3）假設Ⅲ-1和Ⅲ-4結婚生了一個孩子，則該小孩只患一種病的概率為 。
33、（8分）由15N標記的DNA分子放在含有14N的培養基中培養，復制n次。請完成下列問題。
（1）該DNA分子在復制過程中需要________________ ___等條件。DNA分子________結構能夠為復制提供精確的模板，通過______ _ ___保證了復制能夠正確的進行。
（2）復制后只含14N的DNA分子有 個，含15N的DNA分子占全部DNA分子的比例為 。
（3）已知該DNA分子共有p個脫氧核糖，腺嘌呤有q個。那么復制n次需要的胞嘧啶數為______________。
（4）已知該DNA分子的一條鏈中A+G/T+C的值為m，那么另一條鏈中A+G/T+C的值為______ ____，整個DNA分子中A+G/T+C的值為____ _____。
34、（10分）已知果蠅中長翅與殘翅為一對相對性狀（顯性基因用A表示，隱性基因用a表示）；直毛和分叉毛為一對相對性狀（顯性基因用B表示，隱性基因用b表示）。兩只親代果蠅交配得到以下子代的類型和比例：
表現型 長翅、直毛 殘翅、直毛 長翅、分叉毛 殘翅、分叉毛
雄果蠅 3/8 1/8 3/8 1/8
雌果蠅 3/4 1/4 0 0
請回答下列問題：
（1）控制直毛和分叉毛遺傳的基因位于 染色體上； 翅為顯性性狀。
（2）親代雌雄果蠅的基因型分別為 、 。
（3）具有一對相對性狀的純合親本進行正交和反交，上述兩對相對性狀中子代表現型不一致的是 ，一般情況下，如果子代表現型一致，可說明控制該相對性狀的等位基因位于 染色體上。
（4）請設計實驗驗證長翅和殘翅、直毛和分叉毛兩對相對性狀的遺傳行為符合基因的自由組合定律。
第一步：選擇純種的長翅直毛雌果蠅與純種殘翅分叉毛雄果蠅交配，得到F1；
第二步：讓F1代雄果蠅與表現型為 果蠅進行測交；
第三步：觀察并統計 。
預期結果：
。
（5）遺傳學家曾做過這樣的實驗：長翅果蠅幼蟲的正常培養溫度為25℃，科學家將孵化后4—7天的長翅果蠅幼蟲在37℃的環境下處理6—24小時后，得到了某些殘翅果蠅，這些殘翅果蠅在25℃下產生的后代仍然是長翅果蠅，實驗說明
。
參考答案
選擇題（共30道小題，每小題2分，共60分。）
二、非選擇題（共40分）
31、（12分，每空1分）答案：（1）有絲，中期，8 ；
（2）初級精母細胞，次級精母細胞，2， 4 ；
（3）減數第二次分裂后，次級卵母細胞，卵細胞和極體； （4）1：1， 2：1 。
32、（10分，每空2分）答案：（每空2分，共10分）
（1）常 ， 顯 ； （2）AaXBXb ， AaXbY ； （3） 15/24 ；湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試地理試題
一、單項選擇題（每小題2分，共50分）
1．圖中四條曲線分別代表發展中國家城市化水平、發達國家城市化水平、發展中國家城市人口和發達國家城市人口，它們對應的曲線分別是( )
A．①②③④ B．④③②①
C．②④③① D．②①③④
2．從圖中能得到的結論是( )
A．發達國家城市化速度在加快
B．發展中國家城市化速度始終高于發達國家
C．2010年世界城市人口比重不到一半
D．目前世界城市人口數量以發展中國家居多
下圖中圖甲表示我國2008年某市人口出生率和死亡率，圖乙為我國不同階段人口增長狀況圖。讀圖回答3～4題。
3．關于圖甲所示城市人口自然增長特點的敘述，正確的是( )
A．高出生率、高死亡率
B．高出生率、低死亡率
C．人口數量呈下降趨勢
D．人口數量增長較緩
4．圖甲所示城市人口自然增長狀況最接近圖乙中的( )
A．Ⅰ階段 B．Ⅱ階段
C．Ⅲ階段 D．Ⅳ階段
上海市1999年以來出生率在6‰以下，死亡率在8‰以下。下圖是1999～2008年來上海市人口總數與自然增長率變化示意圖，據此回答5～8題。
5．上海市人口增長模式屬于 （ ）
A．“高高低”模式 B．“三低”模式
C．高增長模式 D．增長下降模式
6．近年來，上海市人口自然增長率下降而人口
總數上升的主要原因是（ ）
A．出生率高 B．死亡率低
C．人口遷移 D．經濟發達
7．導致上海市人口總數增加的主要原因是( )
A．經濟因素 B．政治 C．生態環境因素 D．社會文化因素
8．人口合理容量 ( )
A．是持續供養的最佳人口數量 B．與環境承載力相同
C．是地球可供養的最大人口數 D．大于環境承載力
下圖中A、B、C代表三個城市，R1、R2和R3分別代表其服務圍，且R1＜R2＜R3，據圖回答9～10題。
9．三個城市服務職能符合規律的是( )
A．A——小學 B——中學 C——大學
B．A——小學 B——大學 C——中學
C．A——中學 B——大學 C——小學
D．A——大學 B——小學 C——中學
10．有關三個城市的敘述正確的是( )
A．A服務半徑最小，服務范圍最大 B．A比B提供的職能種類較多
C．C的城市級別最高 D．C的服務范圍小于B
11讀“同心圓理論模式圖”，回答6~8題。
該模式中，1—2—3—4—5依次為（ ）
A.中心商務區—過渡帶—高級住宅區—工人住宅帶—通勤帶
B.中心商務區—過渡帶—通勤帶—高級住宅區—工人住宅帶
C.通勤帶—過渡帶—中心商務區—工人住宅帶—高級住宅區
D.中心商務區—過渡帶—工人住宅帶—高級住宅區—通勤帶
讀城市發展模式圖，回答12～13題。
12．能正確反映城市發展一般過程的是( )
A．甲 B．乙 C．丙 D．丁
13．下列因素與郊區城市化的形成無關的是( )
A．郊區基礎設施逐漸完善
B．城市居民追求更好的環境質量
C．農業現代化使農業人口逐漸減少，城市人口增加
D．城區與郊區交通網絡更加便捷
下圖是“某城市熱島形成的熱力環流示意圖”。據此完成14～15題。
14．城市熱島形成的主要原因是( )
A城市上空多塵埃物質
B城市綠地面積小
C人類生產、生活釋放大量的熱量
D人類活動排放大量的 溫室氣體
15．下列利于改善城市環境的可行性措施有( )
①擴大綠地面積 ②完善城市道路網 ③提倡坐出租車 ④加強城市管理
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③④
讀“臺灣島略圖”，完成16～17題。
16．造成臺灣島東西部城市密度差異最主要的區位因素是( )
A．氣候 B．地形 C．資源 D．軍事
17．圖中城市共同的區位因素是( )
A．平原地形 B．亞熱帶季風氣候
C．鐵路沿線 D．瀕臨海洋
聚落的形成和發展，不但受自然地理因素的影響，還受社會經濟因素的影響。在上述兩大因素影響下，有的聚落成長，有的聚落衰落。讀圖完成18～19題。
18．圖中四個聚落中，最有可能發展成為城市的是 ( )
A．a B．b C．c D．d
19．影響該城市形成的主要區位因素是( )
①宗教中心②自然資源豐富③地形開闊平坦 ④河流交匯處
A．①② B．①④ C．③④ D．②③
20．從城市功能區合理布局的角度考慮，若在下圖中分別布置中心商務區、住宅區、城郊農業區、港口碼頭四個功能區，則①②③④對應的功能分區分別是( )
A．港口碼頭、城郊農業區、住宅區、中心商務區
B．住宅區、港口碼頭、城郊農業區、中心商務區
C．港口碼頭、城郊農業區、中心商務區、住宅區
D．中心商務區、住宅區、港口碼頭、城郊農業區
下圖為某市用地略圖，其中c為高新工業區，城市北面多為鹽堿地，東面和南面以高產田為主。據此完成21～22題。
21．假如該城市工業布局較為合理，則這里的盛行風向不可能是( )
①東北風 ②東南風 ③西北風 ④西南風
A．①② B．③④
C．①③ D．②④
22．該城市工業區發展的延伸方向，主要是( )
A．沿河流流向
B．沿交通干線方向
C．沿地價變高方向
D．沿地勢傾斜方向
下圖是“某城市不同時期人口密度與距市中心距離關系圖”，讀圖回答23-25。
23．按城市化發展過程，下列四幅圖的排序依次是( )
A．a—d—b—c B．a—c—d—b C．d—b—c—a D．c—d—b—a
24．該城市在此發展過程中出現的現象是（ ）
A．城市人口逐漸向市中心集聚 B．出現逆城市化趨勢
C．城市用地規模逐漸減小 D．市區交通流量明顯減小
25．b圖中距市中心8千米處，最有可能分布的城市功能區是（ ）
A．商業區 B．行政區 C．工業區 D．住宅
答題卡
一、選擇題（共25道小題，每小題2分，共50分。）
題號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答案
題號 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
答案
二、綜合題(50分)
26.分析甲、乙兩國的人口年齡結構示意圖，回答問題。（12分）
（1）甲、乙兩國中，人口老齡化嚴重的是 國，（1分）
理由是 。(2分)
（2）甲、乙兩國中，近年來人口凈增數量較大的是 國；（1分）人口出現負增長的是 國；（1分）具有經濟發達國家人口年齡結構特點的是 國。（1分）
（3）兩國針對面臨的人口問題應分別采取怎樣的人口政策？（6分）
27．讀下圖，回答下列問題。（10分）
(1)A、B、C三個城市中，提供職能最少的是 ，（1分）服務范圍最大的是 ，（1分）理由
（4分）
(2)在我國的A、B、C三類城市中，數目最多的是 ，彼此之間距離最大的是 （2分）
(3)若C城市以政治職能為主，且在我國數目最少，那么這個城市是 。（2分）
28．下圖是我國某特大城市示意圖。讀圖回答下列問題。(16分)
(1)早期該城市選址的有利條件 ， 。（4分）
(2)目前該城市的空間結構屬于 模式。M、P、Q中 處是高級住宅區。（4分）
(3)擬在甲、乙兩處規劃建設高新技術工業城和石油化工城兩座衛星城市。石油化工城應建在 處，理由是
。（4分）
(4)請簡述甲、乙兩衛星城建設對該城市發展的意義。（4分）
29.下圖是一個市鎮的平面略圖。該市鎮冬季常吹偏北風，夏季常吹東南風，請從該市鎮建設的合理布局考慮，回答下列問題。（12分）
(1)在圖上A、B、C的哪一個位置上建自來水廠比較合適？為什么？（3分）
(2)在圖上D、E、F的哪一個位置上建化工廠比較合適？為什么？（3分）
(3)在圖上G、H的哪一個位置上建衛生防護綠化帶比較好？為什么？（3分）
(4)在圖上I、J的哪一處建療養院比較好？為什么？（3 分）
參考答案
一、選擇題（共30道小題，每小題2分，共60分。）
二、非選擇題（共50分）
29、(1)C；在河流的上游，河水不受市鎮環境污染，水質好。
(2)E；E點位于河流的下游，當地盛行風垂直的郊外，可減少對市鎮環境的污染。
(3)G；G在化工廠和居民區之間，可起到凈化空氣、減弱噪音等作用。
(4)I；I位于山丘的緩坡上，并有森林分布，環境優美、空氣清新。
93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03（年）
自然增長率
人
口
總
數
（萬人）
人口總
自然增長率率
（‰）
0
-1
-2
-3
-4
1350
1330
1310
1290
1270湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試語文試題
第I卷（共27分）
一、語言基礎知識及運用（每小題3分，共12分）
1、下列詞語的字形及加點字注音全都正確的一項是（ ）
A．間或(jiàn) 朝暾(tūn) 蹙縮(cù) 蒼皇失措
B．敕造(chì) 紈绔(kù) 孱弱(chán) 不記其數
C．潸然(shān) 兩靨(yè) 懵懂(měnɡ) 紛至沓來
D．躊躕(chú) 聯袂(mèi) 蹂躪(lìn) 哀聲嘆氣
2、依次填入下列各句橫線處的詞語，最恰當的一組是：（ ）（4分）
①我國將開展選拔女宇航員的工作，雖然有外國的選拔條件作參照，但還要符合中國國情，具體做法還要進一步__________。
②書中以漢、宋為正統，這不是歷史觀，而是現實的_________，不能以歷史的標準來要求。
③解決經濟生活當中的深層次矛盾和問題，__________結構，轉變經濟增長方式，要靠改革。
A. 摸索 反映 調整 B. 探索 反映 調控
C. 摸索 反應 調控 D. 探索 反應 調整
3、下列各句中沒有語病的一句是（ ）
A．2011年1月9日《煙草控制框架公約》正式生效，中國禁煙最大的問題在于煙民的理念和背后的利益鏈。中國現在每年大概有10萬左右的人死于二手煙。
B．專家分析政府網站為什么越來越受到黑客的青睞，原因是不少政府網站搞網上形象工程，擺花架子，甚至利用手中的信息權力追求個人經濟利益，致使信息壟斷造成的。
C．中央經濟工作會議明確提出明年要實施穩健的財政政策和從緊的貨幣政策。這是繼2008年“從緊”和2009年“適度寬松”后，我國貨幣政策再次回歸“穩健”。
D．被各界廣為關注的浙江吉利控股集團擬收購沃爾沃轎車公司一事有了最重要的一次進展，已與福特汽車公司就收購沃爾沃轎車公司的所有重要商業條款達成一致意見。
4、依次填入下面一段文字橫線處的語句，銜接最恰當的一組是( )
“中國結”的全稱是“中國傳統裝飾結”，________，________，________，________，________，________，因此繩結也是中國古典服飾的重要組成部分。
①人們很早就開始用繩結來裝飾器物，為繩結注入了美學內涵
②當時的繩結是人們日常生活中的必備用具
③“中國結”的起源可以追溯到上古時期
④它是中華民族特有的一種手工編織工藝品，具有悠久的歷史
⑤此外，繩結還被應用在人們的衣著、佩飾上
⑥同時也具有記載歷史的重要功用，因而在人們的心目中很神圣
A．③②④⑥⑤① B．③①②⑤⑥④
C．④①③②⑤⑥ D．④③②⑥①⑤
二、文言文閱讀（選擇題每題3分，共9分；翻譯題10分）
退 讓
賈誼
梁大夫宋就者，為邊縣令，與楚鄰界。梁之邊亭與楚之邊亭皆種瓜，各有數。梁之邊亭劬①力而數灌，其瓜美；楚窳②而希灌，其瓜惡。楚令固以梁瓜之美，怒其亭瓜之惡也。楚亭惡梁瓜之賢己，因夜往，竊搔梁亭之瓜。皆有死焦者矣。梁亭覺之，因請其尉，亦欲竊往，報搔楚亭之瓜。尉以請，宋就曰：“惡！是何言也！是構怨召禍之道也。惡！何稱之甚也！若我教子，必每莫令人往，竊為楚亭夜善灌其瓜，令勿知也。”于是，梁亭乃每夜往，竊灌楚亭之瓜。楚亭旦而行瓜，則皆已灌矣。瓜日以美，楚亭怪而察之，則乃梁亭也。楚令聞之大悅，具以聞。楚王聞之，恕然丑以志自惛也，告吏曰：“微搔瓜，得無他罪乎？”說梁之陰讓也，乃謝以重幣，而請交于梁王。楚王時則稱說梁王以為信，故梁、楚之歡由宋就始。語曰：“轉敗而為功，因禍而為福。”老子曰：“報怨以德。”此之謂乎！夫人既不善，胡足效哉？
翟王使使至楚。楚王欲夸之，故饗客于章華之臺上。上者三休，而乃至其上。楚王曰：“翟國亦有此臺乎？”使者曰否翟窶國也惡見此臺也翟王之自為室也堂高三尺壤陛三累茅茨弗翦采椽弗刮。且翟王猶以作之者大苦，居之者大佚。翟國惡見此臺也！”楚王愧。
【注】①劬(qú)：勤勞，勞苦。 ②窳(yǔ)：懶惰。
5、 對下列句子中加點詞語的解釋，不正確的一項是( )
A. 必每莫令人往 莫：不要
B. 楚邊亭旦而行瓜 行： 巡察
C. 恕然丑以志自惛也 丑：以為羞恥
D. 故饗客于章華之臺上 饗：宴請
6、 下列各組句子中，加點詞的意義和用法相同的一組是( )
A. 怒其亭瓜之惡也 余亦悔其隨之而不得極夫游之樂也
B. 梁亭覺之，因請其尉 因賓客至藺相如門謝罪
C. 若我教子，必每莫令人往 若入前為壽，壽畢，請以劍舞
D. 楚亭怪而察之，則乃梁邊亭也 以其乃華山之陽而名之也。
7、下列用“/”給文中畫波浪線部分的斷句，正確的一項是( )
A. 使者曰/否翟窶國也/惡見此臺也/翟王之/自為室也/堂高三尺壤/陛三累茅茨/弗翦采/椽弗刮
B. 使者曰/否/翟/窶國也/惡見此臺也/翟王之自為室也/堂高三尺/壤陛三累/茅茨弗翦/采椽弗刮
C. 使者曰/否翟/窶國也/惡見此臺也/翟王之自為室也/堂高三尺壤/陛三累茅茨/弗翦采/椽弗刮
D. 使者曰/否翟窶國也/惡見/此臺也/翟王之自為室也/堂高三尺/壤陛三累/茅茨弗翦/采椽弗刮
8、 下列各句對原文有關內容的理解，不正確的一項是( )
A. 第一則故事贊美宋就以德報怨的精神，這種精神不僅解決了梁、楚兩國的邊境糾紛，也對和睦邦交起了作用。
B. 宋就讓梁邊亭人晚上暗中幫助楚邊亭人澆灌瓜地，表現了他大度寬容的胸懷。楚令了解真相之后，很高興地把這件事報告給楚王。
C. 翟王派使者到楚國，楚王想夸獎使者，于是在章華臺上宴請賓客。章華臺很高，登臺的人一路休息多次，才能上到頂上。
D. 全文少說理，多敘事，主旨體現在標題上。文章中引用古語和老子的話，啟示后人在處理人際關系乃至國與國之間關系時應該謙讓。
第II卷（共126分）
三、文言詩文（22分）
9、把文言文閱讀材料中畫橫線的句子翻譯成現代漢語。
(1)楚邊亭惡梁瓜之賢己，因夜往，竊搔梁邊亭之瓜。(4分)
________________________________________________________________________
(2)乃謝以重幣，而請交于梁王。（3分）
________________________________________________________________________
(3)且翟王猶以作之者大苦，居之者大佚。（3分）
________________________________________________________________________
10、閱讀下面一首唐詩，完成練習。(7分)
虞美人 寄公度
舒亶①
芙蓉落盡天涵水，日暮滄波起。背飛雙燕貼云寒，獨向小樓東畔倚闌看。
浮生只合尊前老，雪滿長安道。故人早晚上高臺，贈我江南春色一枝梅。
【注】①舒亶：宋神宗時任御史中丞，獲罪罷官，曾寫此詞寄贈江南友人公度。
⑴ 詞上闋點明了季節的句子是 ；“背飛雙燕”一語，在詞中的寓意是 。（2分）
⑵ 試從“虛實結合”的角度賞析本首詞。（5分）
11、補寫出下列各句中的空缺部分。（每空1分，共5分，錯一字該空不得分。）
①上有六龍回日之高標， 。(李白《蜀道難》
②江間波浪兼天涌， 。 （杜甫《秋興八首》其一）
③ ，獨留青冢向黃昏。 （杜甫《詠懷古跡五首》其三）
④千呼萬喚始出來， 。 （白居易《琵琶行》）
⑤ ，藍田日暖玉生煙。 （李商隱《錦瑟》）
四、(論述類、實用類文章）閱讀（12分，其中選擇題6分，答案必須寫在答題卡第一卷表格中的相應位置；第14題6分）閱讀下面文字，完成12—14題：
“文化焦慮”彌漫當前社會
楊福泉
隨著國門的打開，以西方文化為主體的外來文化通過各種渠道不斷涌向中國。盡管我國各地正不斷加強申報世界文化遺產的工作，但我國城市和鄉村里的物質和非物質傳統文化遺產還是在以驚人的速度衰落甚至消失。于是，有越來越多的人士呼吁保護中華民族的傳統文化遺產，傳承中華民族的傳統文化。這種文化焦慮中有深沉的反思和憂患意識。
當下，“文化焦慮”和“文化憂患”促使一批專家學者致力于傳統文化的復興和教育，但他們過分片面地把中華民族文化等同于漢文化甚至一些儒家古典文化，特別是片面地把所謂的“國學”指稱為中華民族傳統文化的全部。一說到中國文化，言必稱“國學”，視野局限在孔孟儒家之學和“四書五經"等漢文典籍上，把中華民族傳統文化教育等同于進行一些儒家古代典籍的教育，主張不遺余力地在大中小學里進行所誚的“國學教育”。他們把中國傳統文化的復興和教育，簡單地等同于重新把“四書五經”搬到課堂和對“國學”的弘揚。
魯迅、胡適等一批中國新文化運動的先驅，早已看到了以“四書五經”等為載體的中國漢學典藉中的大量糟粕，所以才振臂呼喚引進“德先生”（民主）和“賽先生”（科學）。新文化運動使中國博采眾長，吸收了西方的科學和民主精神，才創新而形成了綿延至今的中國新文化。如果依舊拘泥于儒家典籍的故紙堆中，不知今天的中國文化會是一個什么格局。享受著新文化運動豐碩果實的我們，不應忘記魯迅等一代哲人那些深沉理性的警示和呼喊。當今的中華民族文化，應該是整合了 56個民族優秀的傳統文化的一個整體，當代中華文化應該有一個廣采博納的大氣魄，我國各民族應該相互借鑒，互補共生，取長補短。這樣，就能在各民族優秀傳統文化的基礎上，重新建構起氣勢恢宏、活水長流、有旺盛的生機與活力的當代中華民族文化。而如果僅僅聚焦在一些漢學典籍和孔孟之學上，將它視為中華文化的全部，漠視其他民族的文化和漢族民間文化，那只會陷于抱殘守缺的民粹主義和狹隘的文化保守主義的誤區，不可能建構起中國56個民族都認同的文化意識和中華民族的文化凝聚力，不可能形成“各美其美，美美與共”的文化格局和氣度。
任何一個民族和國家，應該有一種寬廣的視野和博大的胸懷，應該有全球眼光，謙虛好學。我們要有理性的“文化自覺”，既看到中國傳統文化的優秀部分，有民族的自信和自豪，也應冷靜地看到，中國專制封建社會中沿襲下來的傳統文化有不少糟粕，要勇于摒棄它們，并勇于學習其他民族和國家的文化精粹。我們在為國憂心、為族憂患的“文化焦慮”中，不能把眼光僅僅盯在自己的文化傳統上，老想著要全盤繼承文化傳統。我們今天應該“胸懷中國，放眼世界”，不要只顧愛不釋手地捧著“國學”的一些典籍沾沾自喜，而忽略了與時俱進地學習、汲取和創新，忽略了向世界學習，取他山之石，為我所用。
“流水不腐，戶樞不蠹。”我們對自己的文化既要自重又要有自覺意識。任何一種文化，只有如活水長流，才會有生命力，如果只是自閉自戀，不思學習和創新，那就會成為一潭死水。“文化焦慮”促使我們憂患和反思，但我們的這種焦慮，應促使我們有準確理性的“文化自覺”，催生不失4艮本又匯聚百川、廣采博納的當代中華民族文化。
12.關于“文化焦慮”，下列理解不正確的一項是
A. 圣誕節等各種洋節在我國日益熱鬧，而國內的很多傳統節日則被冷落，我國的物質和非物質傳統文化遺產正在以驚人的速度衰落甚至消失這是出現“文化焦慮”的一個現實原因。
B. 文化焦慮跟現代化進程中的文化傳播有關系：西方文化隨著西方科技強勢進入中國，和中國傳統文化相接觸、磨擦乃至沖突，暫處弱勢的民族就產生了焦慮的文化心理。
C. 焦慮之后出現的危機感、緊迫感是積極的反應；焦慮以后也會產生急躁心態，甚至還會產生一些極端主義的反應，如夸大“國學”尤其是孔孟之道和四書五經的重要性。
D. 文化焦慮中有深沉的反思和憂患意識，它提醒人們必須重視對本國本民族文化傳統的傳承，促使一批專家學者致力于傳統文化的復興和教育，為喧囂浮躁的人們找到了精神的家園。
13. 根據原文內容，下列有關表述不正確的一項是
A. 中國專制封建社會中沿襲下來的傳統文化有大量糟粕，我們應向魯迅等新文化運動先驅學習，大膽實行“拿來主義”，博采眾長，切不可陷于傳統典籍的沼澤之中不能自拔。
B. 將“國學”等同于中華文化，實則漠視其他民族的文化和漢族民間文化，只不過是抱殘守缺的民粹主義和狹隘的文化保守主義，殊無益處。
C. “胸懷中國，放眼世界”，是指我們既要全盤繼承本民族的傳統文化，又要關注人類文明的進步和其它國家的文化發展；既要推進本民族的文化建設，又要積極走出國門與外族文明交流。
D. 對待中華民族的傳統文化，我們要取其精華去其糟粕；對待外來文化，我們要學習、汲取和創新，這樣才能使中華民族文化永葆生機與活力。
14. 怎樣做才算是“有準確理性的‘文化自覺’”？請根據文本的相關信息，分條概述。
五、文學作品閱讀（20分）
永遠的母親
北方的季節，說變就變。好像時令就是命令。萬物都違抗不得。春天到了，再堅硬的土地也得按時返青；秋天走了，再蓬勃的樹葉也得屈尊枯萎。這是老天定下的時刻表，即使在這個彈丸小鎮上。它仍然被一絲不茍地執行著。
振青嫂緊了緊身上的舊毛衣，使勁搓搓手，重新操起掃帚，一下下地掃過去。冬天越近，土地就越顯得干硬，掃帚劃過，響起刺耳的“咝啦”聲，振青嫂的手也一陣陣干冷地疼痛。她只能把掃帚握得更緊，仿佛那是她的命一般。
其實，這把掃帚也的確是她的命，就像身上這件脫了線退了顏色的舊毛衣是她唯一的外套一樣。這樣的生活已經持續了七年。而七年前，她還是一個面龐紅潤的少婦，一個溫婉樸實的母親。只是后來，與她同來城里打工的丈夫弄丟了孩子，于是她失去了自己唯一尊貴的身份——母親。她的親親的兒子豆豆，那時才只有五歲呢。
“找不到孩子，我就死在這兒！”每次回想這句話，振青嫂都覺得自己是一個無比堅強的女人，就像掃帚下枯黃的葉片，干癟苦澀但筋骨嶙峋。
現在，一個胖嘟嘟的小男孩跑到她面前，打擾了她的回憶。小男孩有五歲左右，這讓振青嫂想起了自己的心頭肉，她忍不住暗地里比較：臉盤有點像，都是圓圓的，個頭、胖瘦也差不多。不過，豆豆是雙眼皮，比眼前這一個要漂亮些，而且，豆豆一邊一個小虎牙，沒有比他更惹人疼的孩子了。這樣想過之后，振青嫂心中竟然略覺安慰。但是，既而她就想起：豆豆離開她已經七年多了。她不禁又將目光投向那個小男孩，這一次，他越看越像小豆豆了。
“豆豆——”振青嫂伸出手去。其實，幾年來，她已經習慣于管所有的小孩子叫豆豆。可眼前的孩子顯然被這個陌生人嚇著了，小嘴一撇，就跑開了。振青嫂嘆口氣，這種情景她也早就習慣了，豈止孩子如此，這里的大人，哪一個不是經常對她指指點點，有時還甩下一句“神經有問題”，好像丟了孩子并非她的不幸，而是她的罪孽。當然，如果振青嫂有文化，如果她也讀過魯迅的話，她也許會知道，我們中國人是善于淡化悲劇的，尤其是淡化別人的悲劇。
小男孩穿著鮮紅的羽絨服，像一團小火球在馬路牙子附近滾來滾去。振青嫂很想掉過頭專心掃地，可那個可愛的身影像釘在了腦子里，一再吸引她的目光。于是，振青嫂又緊了緊毛衣，想到自己初為人母時的興奮和緊張，焦慮和不安，這讓她心里有些酸澀。僅僅是酸澀而已，也許她已在痛苦中浸泡太久，只能體會出除痛苦以外的感覺了。
也許這個平凡的下午注定要爆發一場災難，當一輛重型卡車向小男孩駛去時，振青嫂頭發倏地豎了起來，渾身酸麻，像要散架一樣。而這個胖寶寶顯然還不知道發生了什么事，直到他被一記掃帚掃到三米開外，直到那個讓他害怕的女人倒在車輪下。他才看著地上那一攤暗紅的血，“哇”地哭了出來，而他哭的原因，可能是剛才摔倒時傷了自己的膝蓋。
振青嫂仰面朝天地躺著，突然發現小鎮的天空其實很藍很藍，而且并不像她想象中的那么瘦狹，也許她平時只顧低頭看地，卻忽略了原來世界上最廣闊的是天空。現在，躺在地上，她在劇烈的疼痛中感到久違的舒適。圍在她身邊的，是一張張陌生的逐漸擴大的臉……
“沒想到這個女人還挺勇敢！”
“哪兒啊，她肯定把孩子看成自己丟的那個了。”
“可她的孩子，少說也有十二歲了呀。”
“要不怎么說，她腦筋還是不清楚……”
“唉，啥人啥命，這樣去了，也算她的造化。”
振青嫂突然覺出自己的偉大了，這些所謂的城里人，哪里懂得她的心思，他們只知道毛衣舊了要買新的，卻不知道良心舊了就永遠難以洗凈。
而她，現在終于躺倒在自己掃了七年的干干凈凈的大街上了，在藍天白云下盡情地想念她的豆豆。也許孩子在另一個世界等她，在那個世界里，她有一所房子，她可以在廚房里煮湯、煎雞蛋，在客廳里看電視、織毛衣，一定要織兩件，一件給自己，一件給她的豆豆……
15、分析文章前兩段中隱含的自然環境描寫的特點及作用。(5分)
16、聯系全文談談你對下面這兩句話的理解。(6分，每小題3分)
(1)也許她平時只顧低頭看地，卻忽略了原來世界上最廣闊的是天空。
(2)他們只知道毛衣舊了要買新的，卻不知道良心舊了就永遠難以洗凈。
17、試分析文章第四段在結構和內容上的作用。(5分)
18、談談你對小說最后一段內容的理解。(4分)
六、個性拓展，在下面兩題中任選一題作答(12分)
19、閱讀下面的文字，寫一段不少于150字的評論。（12分）
現在，全中國有超過三萬萬人啃英語，未來講英語的中國人超過英語母語者的數目已經赫然在望。
本來是外語的英語，在現代工業的中國，許多人卻把它當成了母語來學，而真正的母語反倒放在一邊了。出現了說英語時是侃侃而談，流利非常，說漢語時是結結巴巴、詞不達意；寫英語時是龍飛鳳舞、一氣呵成，寫漢語時是提筆忘字，顛三倒四。不說那些開放程度高，經濟發展好，對外交流多的大都市里，這樣會外語、不會母語，講英文、不講中文的時髦者較普遍。
近些年政府的一些職能部門，不問客觀情況，不管實際需要，無論是考學，還是考職稱；也無論是學中文，也還是學歷史，都要把外語當作必考科目。不管你有沒有用，也不管你專業水平如何，只要外語沒有達到一定的等級，你就休想過關。即使是一些從來也不需要使用外語的行業，在考職稱時，外語也成了硬指標。
20．閱讀下面的文字，完成（1）、（2）題。（12分）
在中國文化發展史上，理欲之辨曾吸引了眾多思想家的關注。到了宋代，理學思潮形成，并占據了主導地位。朱熹是理學集大成者，他大聲疾呼“革盡人欲，復盡天理”（《朱子語類》卷十三），認為“飲食，天理也；山珍海味，人欲也。夫妻，天理也；三妻四妾，人欲也”。（《朱子語類》卷十三）
自朱熹之后，理學家進一步夸大了“人欲”的危險與罪惡表現出禁欲主義的傾向。“存天理，滅人欲”的主張雖然有一定的積極影響，但對個人和社會發展的不良影響也是明顯的。很多思想家對這一主張進行了尖銳的批評。清人戴震就曾指出“舍人欲無天理”、“理者存乎欲者也”（《孟子字義疏證》卷上），認為理學家的主張會導致“喪盡天良”（同上）的后果。
在現代社會，同樣存在理與欲之間的矛盾。當今學者更愿意客觀辯證地來看待這個問題。無論對個人，還是對社會來說，都應當正確處理欲望與規范的關系。只有這樣，人的正常需求才能最終得到合理的滿足。
（1）結合文段，請用自己的話概括朱熹在理欲之辨上的觀點。（5分）
（2）請試舉一例探究在現代社會中人應該如何客觀辯證地看待理與欲之間的關系。（7分）
七、寫作（60分）
人們常說：“心有多大，舞臺就有多大。”對這句話，你有什么感悟？你從中受到哪些啟發？請寫作一篇800字左右的記敘文或議論文，自擬標題，自主立意，不要套作，不得抄襲。
參考答案及評分標準
第Ⅱ卷(選擇題6分，非選擇題120分，共126分)
四、(22分)
9. (1)楚邊亭的守衛怨恨梁邊亭的瓜比自己邊好，于是夜間到梁邊亭的瓜田去，偷偷用手抓擾梁邊亭的瓜。
(2)就用很豐厚的禮品表示道歉，并且請求和梁王交往。
(3)翟王尚且還認為蓋房者太勞苦，居住者太安樂。
【參考譯文】
梁國的大夫宋就，是地處邊境的縣的縣令，和楚國搭界。梁國邊亭的守衛和楚國邊亭的守衛都種瓜，各有一定數量。梁國邊亭的守衛很勤勞，經常澆灌，他們的瓜長得肥美；楚國邊亭的守衛懶惰，澆灌次數少，他們的瓜長得很不好。楚國縣令常因為梁邊亭的瓜長得肥美，對自己邊亭的瓜長得不好而不滿。楚邊亭的守衛怨恨梁邊亭的瓜比自己好，于是夜間到梁邊亭瓜田去，偷偷用手抓擾梁邊亭的瓜，弄得瓜都有干枯死掉的。梁邊亭發覺了這件事，于是向尉請示，也打算偷偷到楚邊亭瓜田去，扒壞楚邊亭的瓜作為報復。尉向宋就請示這件事，宋就說：“嗨！這說的是什么話！這是結怨招禍的主意。嗨！怎么說得這樣過分！假如我教你們，一定每天夜晚派人到楚邊亭瓜田去，偷偷在夜間為他們好好地澆灌瓜，不要讓他們知道。”于是，梁邊亭守衛就每天晚上到楚邊亭瓜田去偷偷地澆灌瓜。楚邊亭守衛早晨巡視瓜田，原來都已經澆灌過了。瓜一天比一天長得好。楚邊亭守衛感到奇怪就查訪這件事，竟然是梁邊亭守衛干的。楚國的縣令聽到此事后非常高興，把梁邊亭守衛夜間澆灌瓜的事原原本本地告訴了楚王。楚王聽說后，后悔慚愧不已，知道自己糊涂了。告訴官吏說：“除了瓜，沒有其他罪過吧？”對梁國能暗中忍讓十分高興，就用很豐厚的禮品表示道歉，并且請求和梁王交往。楚王常常夸獎梁王，認為梁王忠誠可信，所以，楚國和梁國關系融洽，是因為宋就的行為才有的。俗話說：“轉敗而為功，因禍而得福。”老子說：“報怨以德。”說的就是這件事情吧！為人不忠厚老實，怎么值得去效仿呢？
翟王派遣使臣到楚國，楚王打算向使者夸耀楚國的豪富，所以在章華臺上宴請賓客。登臺的人一路休息多次，才到了頂上。楚王說：“翟國也有這樣的高臺嗎？”使者說：“沒有。翟是個貧窮的國家，怎么能看到這樣的高臺呢？翟王自己蓋的宮室，堂高三尺，土臺階三層，茅草屋頂不剪齊，柞木椽子不削皮。翟王尚且還認為蓋房者太勞苦，居住者太安樂。翟國怎么能看到這樣的高臺呢？”楚王感到慚愧。
10．⑴芙蓉落盡天涵水/朋友離別。（2分）⑵要點：上闋實寫日暮獨倚樓頭所見蒼涼的秋景；（2分）下闋虛擬歲暮朋友登樓遠眺，遙贈我江南春梅的情景。（或，下闋從對方著筆，想象朋友登高望遠，贈我江南春梅的情景）（2分）虛實結合的描寫中，見秋水冬雪、花落燕飛，更見遲暮懷人的深深情意、殷殷希冀。（1分）
解析：本題應從重要詞句入手進行體會，由具體畫面總結出抽象的感覺。文章前兩段沒有通過捕捉意象、白描刻畫等手法進行直接的自然環境描寫，但由“冬天越近”可以想象初冬之景，主人公一個人在掃街，土地干硬，聲音刺耳，可見其冷清蕭索。而由“命令”“違抗”“按時”“屈尊”“一絲不茍”等詞語可體會出。這個冬天的到來讓人無可奈何，讓人有一種低沉、壓抑之感。在這樣的環境中，主人公出場，再聯系下文，這樣的枯寂蕭索的環境正好襯托了她丟失孩子的不幸遭遇，以及艱苦環境中愈發堅強的性格特點。這樣的遭遇和性格正是下文她英勇救人的伏筆。
16、參考答案：(1)說明她局限于自己的苦難中已經很久，一直未能主動地于痛苦中解脫，這種痛苦使她越來越封閉，以至于忽略了外界的一切，尤其是能讓自己感到舒暢的事物。(2)物質上暫時貧窮并不可怕，這還有機會得到改善。但精神生活的貧乏，尤其是道德缺失，缺少同情心卻是難以救治的大問題。
解析：(1)解答這類題目應先突破重點句，然后聯系上下文，搜索有用信息，進行整合。小說開頭，振青嫂就以清潔工的形象出現，掃帚“仿佛那是她的命一般”，對孩子的思念和尋找成為她生活的主要內容和唯一目的，而周圍人的不理解也只能使她更加孤獨、封閉。所以，看到很久沒有認真看過的藍天時，她感到異常舒暢，心胸仿佛也開闊起來。(2)聯系上文。這件舊毛衣是振青嫂唯一的外套，可見她生活貧困。而文中的“城里人”一直對她施以冷眼。即使在她為救人而受傷之后，仍然以一己之心揣度其意，可見他們的精神世界中同情心的嚴重缺失。解答本題一定要注意將兩個方面考慮周全，并注意其對比關系。
17、參考答案：結構上：承上啟下。（1分）總結上文所寫她的不幸遭遇及她面對不幸的反應，進而為下文悲劇的發生埋下伏筆。（2分）內容上：點明振青嫂作為母親的責任感和堅強的性格特點，使她的形象鮮明、生動、飽滿。（2分）
解析：本題為開放探究性試題。只要言之成理即可，最好能體現一種社會意識、責任意識，如“對弱勢群體的關注”。“結構”在此指段落之間的關系，尤其是本段與其他段落的關系，如過渡、鋪墊、總起、總結等。第四段開頭振青嫂的話緊承上文孩子走失一事，點明她對此事的態度，是一個小結。此處寫回憶，繼而讓孩子打斷回憶，起到了引入下文的作用。在內容方面，對人物性格描寫極為細致，“干癟苦澀”既可以指外形的憔悴枯槁，也可指內心的孤寂凄苦，“筋骨嶙峋”卻體現了一種內在的堅韌。二者合一，再聯系前文她尋找孩子的決心，人物形象塑造得非常清晰，為下文情節的繼續發展奠定了基礎。
18、參考答案：最后一段是作者美好的想象，它借助振青嫂的心理活動傳達一種希望，用具體的細節描寫表達了對弱勢群體的關注。同時，讓想象與現實形成對比，反襯以振青嫂為代表的不幸者惡劣的生存境遇。
解析：本題為開放探究性試題。只要言之成理即可，最好能體現一種社會意識、責任意識，如“對弱勢群體的關注”。
六、任選一題，兩題都做都按考生所做第一題評分。
19、示例：輕漢重英大有愈演愈烈之勢，這應該引起國人的警覺。語言是一種學習的工具，是一種交流的載體，能夠多掌握一門語言，對工作、對生活、對求職、對交流固然大有好處。但是，從無論是從客觀事理、還是從實際需要上來說，學習語言，首先應該是學習好自己民族的母語。因為一個國家的大部分公民終其一生，都是在自己的國土上工作和生活，與之交流和交往的絕大多數人都是和其操的相同語言，大部分人工作也很少能夠使用得上外語。
從正面肯定英語學習熱，只要言之成理即可。湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下學期期中考試歷史試題
一、選擇題(每題只有一個選項是正確的。每題2分，共60分)
1．在我國土地所有制從國有到私有的轉變中起決定性的因素是：
A．商鞅變法 B．公田的大量拋荒
C．各諸侯國的稅制 D．鐵器農具的出現
2．祈盼“五谷豐登”“六畜興旺”是我國古代勞動人民的一個美好愿望，這反映了中國古代農業經濟的一個特點是
A．我國古代勞動人民有家畜養殖的傳統
B．以種植業為主，家畜飼養業為輔
C．用牛力耕田使精耕細作的農業生產模式日益完善
D．采用“男耕女織”式的經營方式
3．中國最精美的手工業產品大多來自
A．家庭手工 B．官營手工業
C．私營手工 D．民營手工業
4．黃梅戲《天仙配》中有這樣的一段唱詞：“……你耕田來我織布，我挑水來你澆圓。寒窯雖破能避風雨，夫妻恩愛苦也甜……”這段詞反映了我國古代: ①自耕農富裕祥和的生活境況 ②自耕農為生產生活的基本單位 ③農業與家庭手工業相結合是自耕農的主要經營方式 ④男耕女織的經營方式是我國古代農業經濟的特點之一。
A．②③④ B．①③④ C．①②③ D．①②④
5．宋代的“市”，突破了以前的限制，表現在: ①封閉在政府規定的范圍內 ②分散于宅屋之間 ③不允許設“市”的城郊和鄉村出現了“市” ④商業活動不再受官吏的直接監管
A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①③④
6．下列不屬于宋代紡織業發展表現的是
A．棉花種植推廣到閩粵地區 B．棉紡織技術推廣到閩粵地區
C．絲織工藝水平有新的提高 D．紡織業中出現自由勞動力市場
7．古代中國歷代封建王朝所實行的最基本的經濟政策是
A．嚴密控制經濟 B．區域經濟管理
C．重農抑商 D．禁奢侈
8．清朝前期阻礙資本主義萌芽發展的根本因素是
A．統治者實行重農抑商政策 B．封建專制制度的阻礙
C．清政府實行閉關政策 D．地主階級對農民的殘酷剝削
9．鴉片戰爭前夕，清政府實行的閉關鎖國政策的含義是K^S*5U.C#O%M
A．禁絕中國對外貿易 B．封閉邊界、固守疆域
C．一概排斥西方事物 D．嚴格限制對外交往
10．①榮宗敬②榮德生是按照一定的標準歸類的，依此從下列人物中再選一個
A．曾國藩 B．張謇 C．李鴻章 D．宋子文
11．法幣100元在1937年可以買兩頭黃牛，到1947年卻只能買到一個煤球，導致這種現象出現的主要原因是
A．美國商品的涌人 B．國民政府的惡性通貨膨脹政策
C．繁重的捐稅負擔 D．《中美友好通商航海條約》簽訂
12．民國初期的一則報紙廣告中有“敬告全國同胞樂用人人必需之國貨”等字樣，作為直接證據，它可以用于研究
A．外資企業的出現 B．洋務運動的興起
C．工人運動的高漲 D．“實業救國”的熱潮
13．費正清教授曾把第一次世界大戰期間中國民族工業的發展稱為“沒有前途的經濟奇跡”。主要是因為
A．工業結構不合理 B．地區分布不平衡
C．社會環境未根本改變 D．軍閥割據混戰
14．鴉片戰爭后，中國自然經濟逐步解體，這種解體主要指
A．中國逐步淪為外國的原料產地和商品市場
B．家庭手工業與個體農業分離并日益商品化
C．民族資本主義經濟取代自然經濟
D．中國手工棉紡織業的衰敗
15．外國資本主義的入侵破壞了中國自然經濟，為中國資本主義的發展提供了：
①勞動力市場 ②商品市場 ③資本原始積累
A．①②③ B．①② C．①③ D．②③
16．1894—1913年，中國民族工業的發展出現了第一個高潮，這一時期創辦的著名的民族企業有：①張謇在江蘇南通創辦的大生紗廠 ②榮宗敬、榮德生在江蘇無錫創辦的保興面粉廠 ③陳啟源在廣東南海創辦的繼昌隆繅絲廠
A．①②③ B．②③ C．①② D．①③
17．民族工業“短暫春天”出現于：
A．甲午戰后 B．一戰期間 C．抗戰期間 D．國統前期
18．一戰期間，中國民族資本主義發展的最主要原因是
A．辛亥革命的推動 B．南京政府的支持
C．北洋軍閥政府的扶植 D．列強暫時放松了對中國的經濟侵略
19．19世紀70年代寧波買辦嚴信原創辦軋花廠，因懼怕官吏們反對，所以表面上依附于日本人的保護之下；上海均昌機器廠造成一艘小汽船，船頭懸掛英國旗，船尾懸掛中國龍旗。造成以上現象的根源是
A．中外合資生產開始形成 B．民族資產階級得到了外國的大力支持
C．民族資本主義先天不足 D．民族資本主義生存于半殖民地半封建社會
20．社會主義制度在我國基本確立的標志是
A．中華人民共和國的成立 B．“三大改造”的基本完成
C．《中華人民共和國憲法》的頒布 D．土地改革運動的基本結束
21．標志著國家工業化建設開始的是
A．土地改革 B．第一個五年計劃的執行
C．三大改造 D．過渡時期總路線的提出
22．觀察右圖，指出它所反映的歷史事件是
A．“文革”
B．大躍進 B．“大躍進”
C．對農業社會主義改造
D．人民公社化運動
23．我國進入社會主義現代化建設新時期的標志是
A．1956年社會主義三大改造完成后 B．文化大革命結束以后
C．中國共產黨第八次全國代表大會 D．黨的十一屆三中全會
24．十一屆三中全會的內容不包括：
A．重新確立解放思想、實事求是的指導方針
B．規定農村實行家庭聯產承包責任制
C．做出實行改革開放的偉大決策
D．停止使用“以階級斗爭為綱”的口號
25．1980年設置的四個經濟特區，哪個是1842年《南京條約》中被迫開放的通商口岸
A．珠海 B．深圳 C．汕頭 D．廈門
26．我國全方位對外開放格局的順序是
A．沿海開放城市一沿海經濟開放區一經濟特區一內地
B．經濟特區一沿海開放城市一沿海經濟開放區一內地
C．沿海開放城市一經濟特區一沿海經濟開放區一內地
D．經濟特區一沿海經濟開放區—沿海開放城市一內地
27．家庭聯產承包責任制實行后，安徽鳳陽的糧食產量三年跨了三大步，這從根本上表明：
A．這種責任制是中國農業現代化的惟一途徑
B．這種責任制符合現代化農業的要求
C．這種責任制與當時生產力發展的狀況相適應
D．調動農民積極性就沒有實現不了的計劃和設想
28．上海某企業因為天氣很熱，為了不影響生產決定購買風扇、鼓風機降溫。但需要經過十一個部門審批，蓋11個章，等最后的章蓋完了，夏天已經過去了。該例子反映了什么問題？
A．分配中平均主義嚴重
B．忽視商品生產、價值規律和市場的作用
C．官僚作風嚴重，辦事效率低
D．政企職責不分，國家對企業統得過死
29．提出經濟體制改革的目標是建立社會主義市場經濟體制的會議是
A．中共八大 B．中共十一屆三中全會
C．中共十四大 D．中共十四屆三中全會
30．20世紀50年代報刊上的流行語有 ①“大躍進” ②合作社 ③中外合資 ④“無產階級文化大革命”
A．①④ B．②③ C．①② D．②④
湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下期中考試題高一歷史 答題卡
選擇題（共30小題，每小題2分，共60分）
題號 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
答案
題號 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案
二、主觀題（共2小題，40分）
31．（20分）下圖生動地展現了中國民族資本主義曲折發展的歷程。
觀察上圖畫面回答以下問題：
（1）畫面②“陽光燦爛”應出現于什么時期？說說出現這一景象的主要原因。（10分）
（2）畫面③“蛀蟲”代表哪些勢力？（2分）
（3）畫面④“冰雹無情”反映了當時民族工業怎樣的發展狀況？（2分）
（4）結合所學知識概述中國民族資本主義的歷史命運，并指出其根源（6分）
32．（20分） 閱讀下列材料：
材料一：中華人民共和國初期農業生產統計表
時間 1952年 1956年 1957年
農業總產值（億元） 483 582 604
材料二：1959—65年全國糧產（萬噸）K^S*5U.C#O%M
請回答：（1）據材料一，1953—1956年新中國農業發展的狀況如何？導致這種狀況的原因是什么？（6分）
（2）據材料二，1959—1960年我國糧食產量發生了什么變化？1961—1965年我國糧食產量又發生了什么變化？分析造成這些變化的原因？（8分）
（3）材料三歷史現象出現的原因是什么？（2分） K^S*5U.C#O%
（4）從上述材料及所反映的問題，你得到哪些啟示？（至少回答兩點）（4分）
湖南省鳳凰縣華鑫中學2011-2012學年高一下期中考試題高一歷史 參考答案
一選擇題（每題2分，共60分）
二、主觀題（共2小題，40分）
學校 班級 姓名 考號
////////密///////////封/////////////線/////////////內/////////////不/////////////要/////////////答/////////////題///////
材料三：鳳陽縣糧食產量三年三大步
年代 產量（億公斤）
1980 5．02
1981 6．70
1982 7．15

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