中文字幕精品无码一区二区,成全视频在线播放观看方法,大伊人青草狠狠久久,亚洲一区影音先锋色资源

江西省上饒市鉛山縣致遠中學2011-2012學年高二下學期第一次月考試題【全科】

資源下載
  1. 二一教育資源

江西省上饒市鉛山縣致遠中學2011-2012學年高二下學期第一次月考試題【全科】

資源簡介

時間:90分鐘 滿分:100分 命題人:王云輝
一、選擇題(每小題4分,共40分.全部選對的得4分,選不全的得2分,有選錯或不答的得0分.)
1.在如圖所示的電路,已知交流電源電壓u=200sin100πtV,電阻R=100Ω,則電流表和電壓表的讀數分別為( )
A.1.41A,200V B.1.41A,141V
C.2A,200V D.2A,141V
2.下列說法中,正確的是( )
A.任何變化的磁場都要在周圍空間產生變化的電場,振蕩磁場在周圍空間產生同頻率的振蕩電場
B.任何電場都要在周圍空間產生磁場,振蕩電場在周圍空間產生同頻率的振蕩磁場
C.任何變化電場都要在周圍空間產生磁場,振蕩電場在周圍空間產生同頻率的振蕩磁場
D.電場和磁場總是相互聯系著,形成一個不可分離的統一體,即電磁場
3.一矩形線圈,繞垂直于勻強磁場并位于線圈平面內固定軸轉動,線圈中的感應電動勢e隨時間t的變化情況如圖所示,下列說法正確的是( )
A.t1時刻通過線圈磁
通量最大
B.t2時刻通過線圈磁
通量的絕對值最大
C.t3時刻通過線圈的磁通量變化率的絕對值最大
D.每當e變換方向,通過線圈的磁通量最小
4.兩個相同的白熾燈泡L1和L2接到如圖所示的電路中,燈L1與電容器串聯,燈L2與電感線圈串聯。當a、b間接電壓最大值為Um、頻率為f的正弦交流電源時,兩燈都發光,且亮度相同.更換一個新的正弦交流電源后,燈L1的亮度低于燈L2的亮度.新電源兩極的電壓最大值和頻率可能是( )
A.最大值仍為Um,而頻率大于f
B.最大值仍為Um,而頻率小于f
C.最大值大于Um,而頻率仍為f
D.最大值小于Um,而頻率仍為f
5.某電站向遠處輸送一定功率的電能,則下列說法中正確的是( )
A.輸電線不變,將送電電壓升高到原來的10倍時,輸電線損耗的功率減為原來的1/10
B.輸電線不變,將送電電壓升高到原來的10倍時,輸電線損耗的功率減為原來的1/100
C.送電電壓不變,將輸電線的橫截面直徑增加原來的一倍時,輸電線損耗的功率減為原來的一半
D.送電電壓不變,將輸電線的橫截面直徑減半時,輸電線損耗的功率增為原來的四倍
6.下表為一只電熱器銘牌上的一部分。由此可以判定( )
電壓 220V
功率 700W
頻率 50Hz
A.此電熱器必須在周期是0.02s,在電壓有效值是220V的交流電路上使用
B.此電熱器必須在周期是0.02s,在電壓有效值是156V的交流電路上使用
C.此電熱器必須在頻率是50Hz,在電壓有效值是311V的交流電路上使用
D.若將此電熱器接在電壓小于220V的交流電路中,其實際消耗的電功率還是700W
7.下列說法正確的是( )
A.物體的動量改變,則速度大小一定變化
B.物體所受合外力越大,物體動量變化越大
C.物體所受合外力越大,物體動量變化率一定越大
D,物體的運動狀態改變,其動量一定改變
8.玻璃杯從同一高度落下掉在石頭上比掉在草地上容易碎是由于玻璃杯與石頭撞擊過程中( )
A.玻璃杯的動量較大 B.玻璃杯受到的沖量較大
C.玻璃杯的動量變化較快 D.玻璃杯的動量變化較大
9.質量為m的子彈水平飛行擊穿一塊原靜止在光滑水平面上質量為M的木塊,在子彈穿透木塊的過程中( )
A.m和M所受的沖量相等
B.子彈和木塊的速度的變化量相等
C.子彈和木塊的動量變化量大小相等
D.子彈和木塊作為系統的總動量守恒
10.如圖光滑水平面上有質量相等的A和B兩個物體,B上裝有一輕質彈簧,B原來靜止,A以速度v正對B滑行,當彈簧壓縮到最短時,有( )
A.A的速度減小到零
B.A和B具有相同的速度
C.此時B的加速度達到最大
D.此時B的速度達到最大
二、填空題(每空4分,共20分)
11.如圖所示,自耦變壓器輸入端A、B接交流穩壓電源,其電壓有效值UAB=100V,R0=40,當滑動片處于線圈中點位置時,C、D兩端電壓的有效值UCD為___________V,通過電阻R0的電流有效值為_____________A.當觸頭P向下滑動的時候,流過交流電源的電流______________。(填“增大 ”、“減小”或“不變”)
12.兩相同的磁鐵分別固定在兩相同的小車上,水平面光滑,開始兩車相向運動,va=3 m/s,vb=2 m/s,設相互作用時兩車不會相碰,則當b車速度為零時,va=____________,方向__________;當兩車相距最近時,vb=_________,方向____________。
13.圖甲為某同學研究自感現象的實驗電路圖,用電流傳感器顯示器各時刻通過線圈L的電流。電路中電燈的電阻R1=6.0Ω ,定值電阻R=2.0 Ω ,AB間電壓U=6.0 V。開關S原來閉合,電路處于穩定狀態,在t1=1.0×10–3 s時刻斷開關S,此時刻前后電流傳感器顯示的電流隨時間變化的圖線如圖乙所示。則線圈L的直流電阻RL=________________;斷開開關后通過電燈的電流方_________________(填“向左”或“向右”);在t2=1.6×10–3 s時刻線圈L中的感應電動勢的大小為______________________.
三、計算題(本題共4題,共40分,解答應寫出必要的文字說明、方程式和重要演算步驟,只寫出最后答案的不能得分,有數值計算的題,答案中必須明確寫出數值和單位)
14.某交流發電機產生的感應電動勢與時間的關系如圖所示.設發電機線圈內阻為r=2 Ω,現將R=98 Ω的用電器接在此交流電路上,它消耗的功率是多大?如果將電容是2μF的電容器接在電路上,則電容器的耐壓值至少是多大?
15.某居民小區的降壓變壓器匝數比是3:1,初級線圈的輸入電壓是660 V,設次級線圈的電阻是0.2 Ω,此變壓器供給100盞“220 V,60 W”的電燈用電,試求:
(1)變壓器空載時,次級線圈兩端的電壓多大?輸出功率多大?(2)當接通負載時,次級線圈兩端的電壓多大?每個燈泡的實際功率多大?
16.光滑冰面上兩車的質量均為M,A車上另站有質量為m的人,兩車以相同速率v相向運動,為了避免兩車相撞,人至少以多大的速度從A車跳上B車。
17.風力發電作為新型環保新能源,近
幾年來得到了快速發展。如圖是山東榮
成市濱海大道所建的風車陣。如果風車
陣中某發電機輸出功率為100 kW,輸出
電壓是250V,用戶需要的電壓是220V,輸電線電阻為10Ω.
若輸電線中因發熱而損失的功率為輸送
功率的4%,試求:
(1)在輸電線路中設置的升、降壓變壓器原副線圈的匝數比.
(2)畫出此輸電線路的示意圖。
(3)用戶得到的電功率是多少?
A B
v
P
U
R1
L
R
S
A
B
+

圖甲
0
1.0
2.0
3.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
i/A
t/×10–3s
圖乙滿分:100分 考試時間:90分鐘 命題人:鐘文洋
可能用到的相對原子質量:H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16
一、單項選擇題(每小題3分,共42分)
1.下列物質不是有機物的是( )
A.CH4 B.C4H8
C.CO2 D.C6H6
2.下列物質中沸點最高的是( )
A.乙烷 B.正丁烷
C.新戊烷 D.正戊烷
3.有關化學用語正確的是( )
A.乙烯的最簡式C2H4 B.四氯化碳的電子式
C.乙炔的結構簡式CHCH D.甲苯的分子式C7H8
4.能夠快速、微量、精確的測定相對分子質量的物理方法是( )
A.質譜 B.紅外光譜
C.紫外光譜 D.核磁共振譜
5.利用核磁共振技術測定有機物分子結構的研究獲得了2002年諾貝爾化學獎。在有機物分子中,不同氫原子的核磁共振譜中給出的峰值不同,根據峰值可以確定有機物分子中氫原子的種類和數目。例如二乙醚的結構簡式為:CH3—CH2—O—CH2—CH3其核磁共振譜中給出的峰值(信號)有兩個,如下圖所示:
下列物質中,其核磁共振氫譜中給出的峰值(信號)只有一個的是( )
A.CH3CH3 B.CH3COOH
C.CH3CHO D.CH3CH2OH
6.相同質量的各個烴,完全燃燒后生成CO2最多的是( )
A.甲烷 B.乙烷
C.乙烯 D.乙炔
7.下列物質不能使酸性高錳酸鉀溶液褪色的是( )
A.二氧化硫 B.苯
C.乙苯 D.苯乙烯
8.已知丙烷的二氯代物有四種同分異構體,則其六氯代物的同分異構體數目是( )
A.2種 B.3種 C.4種 D.5種
9.可以用分液漏斗分離的一組液體是( )
A.苯和汽油 B.苯和溴苯
C.水和甲苯 D.溴和四氯化碳
10.下列物質中,分子式符合C6H14的是( )
A.2—甲基丁烷 B.2,3—二甲基戊烷
C.2—甲基己烷 D.2,3—二甲基丁烷
11.下列有機物命名正確的是( )
A. 2-乙基丙烷
B.CH3CH2CH=CH2 1-丁烯
C.CH3--CH3 間二甲苯
D. 2-甲基-2-丙烯
12.為了檢驗某鹵代烴(R—X)中的X元素,在下列實驗操作中:①加熱②加入硝酸銀溶液③取少量鹵代烴④加入稀硝酸溶液酸化⑤加入氫氧化鈉溶液⑥冷卻,所選擇的正確的操作順序是( )
A.③⑤④② B.③⑤①④②
C.③⑤①⑥④② D.③⑤①⑥②
13.某烴結構式如下:-C≡C-CH=CH-CH3,有關其結構說法正確的是( )
A.所有碳原子可能在同一平面上
B.所有原子可能在同一平面上
C.所有碳原子可能在同一條直線上
D.所有氫原子可能在同一平面上
14.常溫常壓下,0.1 mol兩種氣態烴組成的混合物完全燃燒后得到0.16 mol二氧化碳和3.6 g水,則混合氣體中( )
A.一定有甲烷 B.一定有丙烯
C.一定有乙炔 D.一定有乙烷
二、填空題(共46分)
15.(14分)(i)用系統命名法命名下列物質(共6分)
① ②

(ii)請根據官能團的不同對下列有機物進行分類。(將序號填入空格處)(共8分)
(1)芳香烴: ; (2)鹵代烴: ;
(3)醇: ; (4)酚: ;
(5)醛: ; (6)酮: ;
(7)羧酸: ; (8)酯: 。
16.(8分)根據下面的反應路線及所給信息填空
(1)A的結構簡式是
(2)①的反應類型是 。③的反應類型是 。
(3)反應②的化學方程式是

17.(12分)為探究乙炔與溴的加成反應,甲同學設計并進行了如下實驗:先取一定量工業用電石與水反應,將生成的氣體通入溴水中,發現溶液褪色,即證明乙炔與溴水發生了加成反應。
乙同學發現在甲同學的實驗中,褪色后的溶液里有少許淡黃色渾濁,推測在制得的乙炔中還可能含有少量還原性的雜質氣體,由此他提出必須先除去之,再與溴水反應。請你回答下列問題:
(1)寫出甲同學實驗中兩個主要的化學方程式
① ;
② 。
(2)為了減緩電石與水的反應速率,實驗時常用
代替水。
(3)乙同學推測此乙炔中含有雜質氣體H2S,實驗時,常用硫酸銅溶液除去該雜質氣體,寫出相應的化學方程式:

(4)乙炔是重要的化工材料,常見的塑料聚氯乙烯()就是以乙炔為原材料制得的。寫出以乙炔和HCl為原料制聚氯乙烯的化學方程式。
(1) ,
(2) 。
18.(12分)某化學課外小組用右圖裝置制取溴苯。先向分液漏斗中加入苯和液溴,再將混合液慢慢滴入反應器A(A下端活塞關閉)中。
(1)A中鐵絲發生如下反應2Fe+3Br2=2FeBr3,FeBr3的作用是

請寫出A中另外一個反應的化學方程式:

(2)觀察到A中的氣體顏色是由______色變成_______色。
(3)實驗結束時,打開A下端的活塞,讓反應液流入B中,充分振蕩,目的是________________________________。
(4)C中盛放CCl4的作用是____________________________。
(5)能證明苯和液溴發生的是取代反應,而不是加成反應的方法是驗證是否有HBr的生成,故而可向試管D中滴入石蕊溶液,若溶液變紅,則能證明。另一種驗證的方法是向試管D中加入__________,現象是_____________________________。
三、計算題(本大題包括2小題,每題6分,共12分)
19.(6分)分別完全燃燒1mol C2H6,1 mol C2H4 , 1mol C2H2,需要氧氣最多的是 ;生成水最少的是 ;生成 質量相等。
(6分)0.1 mol某氣態烴完全燃燒生成的產物全部通入盛有足量無水硫酸銅的干燥管,干燥管增重7.2 g。測得生成的CO2和H2O的物質的量之比是1∶1,求此烴的分子式并寫出其可能的結構簡式。時間:90分鐘 滿分:100分 命題人:占志林
一、單項選擇題(每小題3分,共60分)
1.世界各大洲中,人口自然增長率最高的是( )
A.亞洲 B.非洲 C.拉丁美洲 D.歐洲
2.世界上最大的內陸國家是( )
A.蒙古 B.哈薩克斯坦 C.瑞士 D.尼泊爾
3.下列各組國家與我國都相鄰的是( )
A.哈薩克斯坦、烏茲別克斯坦、土庫曼斯坦
B.哈薩克斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦
C.烏茲別克斯坦、土庫曼斯坦、吉爾吉斯斯坦
D.吉爾吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、土庫曼斯坦
4.被稱為“世界屋脊”的高原是( )
A.青藏高原 B.內蒙古高原
C.云貴高原 D.黃土高原
5.孟加拉國易發生洪澇災害的原因( )
①受夏季風的影響 ②處于山地迎風坡
③地形高峻 ④地勢地平
A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.①④
6.亞洲是世界第一大洲,下面是對“世界第一大洲”的說明,其中不正確的是( )
A.世界上跨緯度最廣的一個大洲
B.世界上跨經度最廣的一個大洲
C.東西距離最長的一個大洲
D.世界上面積最大的一個大洲
7.下列地理事物與其特征表述正確的是( )
A.青藏高原——世界最大的高原
B.日本群島——溫帶、熱帶季風氣候
C.貝加爾湖——世界上最深的咸水湖
D.馬來群島——世界最大的群島
8.關于亞洲人口的敘述,正確的是( )
A.人口稠密地區都分布在發展中國家
B.亞洲的各大平原都是人口稠密區
C.亞洲是世界人口自然增長率最高的大洲
D.亞洲人口占世界人口的一半以上
9.亞洲大部分國家過去經濟不發達,主要原因是( )
A.長期遭受殖民統治 B.工業基礎薄弱
C.自然條件惡劣 D.交通不便
10.下列國家中,人均國民生產總值最高的是 ( )
A.韓國 B.印度 C.中國 D.馬來西亞
讀圖1-1,完成11~12題。
11.關于圖中大洲的說法,正確的是( )
A.世界上面積最大的一洲
B.該洲西部主要分布著黃色人種
C.人口數量僅次于非洲,居世界第二位
D.該洲東部與南部是世界人口稀疏地區
12.七大洲中,哪一個大洲與該洲是同處一塊大陸?( )
A.北美洲 B.亞洲 C.歐洲 D.大洋洲
13.有關亞洲的敘述,正確的是( )
A.東南亞地處亞洲與大洋洲、太平洋與印度洋之間的“十字路口”
B.日本領土由北海道、本州、四國、九州四個大島組成
C.南亞地區容易發生旱澇災害的自然原因之一是西南季風不穩定造成的
D.中東(西亞和北非)地區石油資源儲量相當豐富
14.生活在東西伯利亞的亞庫特人,居住木屋,身著毛皮服裝,運輸工具是狗拉雪橇,這與哪項自然條件有關( )
A.氣候溫暖濕潤 B.多山地,地形復雜
C.高緯度地區,氣候嚴寒 D.地勢低平,河湖眾多
讀圖1-2,完成15~16題。
15.圖中為亞洲三個人類文明發祥地,這三個地區的共同特征是( )
A.都位于熱帶地區
B.都位于濕潤地區
C.都位于河流中下游平原地區
D.都位于干旱半干旱地區
16.下列關于美索不達米亞平原南側海灣地區的敘述,正確的是( )
A.周邊國家以黃色人種為主
B.世界上最大的石油輸出地區
C.海灣周圍國家經濟落后
D.世界上人口自然增長率最高,達30‰
17.關于亞洲人口的敘述,錯誤的是( )
A.亞洲是世界上人口最多的大洲
B.亞洲是世界上人口自然增長率最高的大洲
C.亞洲有6個國家人口超過1億
D.東亞、東南亞是人口稠密區
18.關于亞洲氣候復雜多樣原因的敘述,錯誤的是( )
A.南北跨緯度大,東西離海遠近差異大
B.河湖眾多,增加了氣候的復雜性
C.植被類型多,增加了氣候的復雜性
D.地型復雜并且起伏大,增加了氣候的復雜性
19.下列各地區的區域文化與當地自然條件或民族習俗組合,正確的是 ( )
A.也門的住房大多是平頂——氣候濕熱的自然條件
B.孟加拉人以船為交通工具——地勢低平,河網密布
C.加里曼丹島的達雅克人多住高腳屋——多地震
D.沙特貝都因人居住帳篷,身著寬大袍子,過著游牧生活
——高緯度地區,氣候嚴寒
20.關于亞洲自然地理特征的敘述,正確的是( )
A.東部和南部夏季的降水與夏季風的強弱有著密切的關系
B.湖泊眾多,擁有世界上面積最大的淡水湖
C.跨經度最廣、東西距離最長
D.中部山地、高原受地形因素的影響,形成典型的溫帶大陸性氣候
二、綜合題(本大題包括2小題,共40分)
21.“我們亞洲,山是高昂的頭……亞洲雄風震天吼”。相信你熟悉這首歌,那么你對亞洲了解多少呢?請讀圖1-3,完成下列要求。

(1)在圖中適當位置,用符號,畫出亞歐兩洲的分界線。
(2)圖中A島多地震的原因是 。
(3)小明通過讀圖,判斷亞洲的地勢特點是中間高、四周低。他判斷的依據可能是 。
(4)B河流流量豐富,但航運價值不大,其自然原因是

(5)全世界因為缺水而引發的沖突較多,其中C半島就是典型的地區之一;新加坡的年降水量不算少,但也成為世界上缺水的國家。他們缺水的原因有何不同?
C半島:

新加坡:

22.讀下圖,回答下列問題。
(1)在圖中畫出100°E經線,它與赤道交匯于
島,該島北面為 海峽。
(2)填寫圖中字母所代表的國家名稱:
A ,B ,C ,D ,E ,F ,G ,H ,I ,J ,K 。其中最大的群島國家是 ;唯一的內陸國家是 。
(3)圖中a河流名稱為 ,在中國境內名稱是 ,注入洋 。
(4)填寫下表,對比①、②兩區域地理環境的差異:
①_____________半島 ②_____________群島
氣候 以_______________氣候為主。 以_________________氣候為主。
地形 處于中國______________山脈延伸段,山河相間,縱向排列;河口多__________________(地形)。 處于_________________板塊和_______________板塊交界處,多____________ 地質災害)。
物產 主要糧食作物:_________________________________________________________________。 主要熱帶作物:______________________________________________________________________等。
人口、城市 多分布在_________________地區。 多分布在____________等。總分:100分 考試時間:90分鐘 命題人:丁志霞
一、單選題(本大題共25小題,每小題2分,共50分)
1.下列各組生物性狀中屬于相對性狀的是( )
A.蕃茄的紅果和圓果 B.水稻的早熟和晚熟
C.綿羊的長毛和細毛 D.棉花的短絨和粗絨
2.下列關于同源染色體概念的敘述中不正確的是( )
A.一條染色體經復制后形成的兩條染色體
B.一條來自父方,一條來自母方的染色體
C.在減數分裂中能聯會的兩條染色體
D.形狀和大小一般都相同的兩條染色體
3.在減數分裂過程中,染色體數目減少一半發生在( )
A.減數第一次分裂 B.減數第二次分裂
C.聯會時期 D.四分體時期
4.在“性狀分離比的模擬”實驗中,若D代表高莖遺傳因子,d代表矮莖遺傳因子,那么從兩個小桶內各取出一個小球,組合后能表示出純合高莖的概率應是( )
A. B. C. D.
5.采用下列哪組方法,可以依次解決①~④中的遺傳問題( )
①鑒定一只白羊是否是純種
②在一對相對性狀中區分顯、隱性
③不斷提高小麥抗病(顯性性狀)品種的純合度
④檢驗雜種F1的基因型
A.雜交、自交、測交、測交
B.測交、雜交、自交、測交
C.測交、測交、雜交、自交
D.雜交、雜交、雜交、測交
6.非同源染色體的自由組合發生在( )
A.有絲分裂的后期 B.受精作用過程中
C.減數第一次分裂 D.減數第二次分裂
7.調查發現人群中夫婦雙方均表現正常也能生出白化病患兒。研究表明白化病由一對等位基因控制。下列有關白化病遺傳的敘述,錯誤的是( )
A.致病基因是隱性基因
B.如果夫婦雙方都是攜帶者,他們生出白化病患兒的概率是
C.如果夫婦雙方一方是白化病患者,他們所生表現正常的子女一定是攜帶者
D.白化病患者與表現正常的人結婚,所生子女表現正常的概率是1
8.下列不屬于減數分裂和受精作用意義的是( )
A.有利于生物的生存和進化
B.維持生物前后代體細胞中染色體數目的恒定
C.能夠基本保持親本的一切遺傳性狀
D.對于生物的遺傳和變異具有十分重要的意義
9.兩個雜合子(涉及兩對獨立遺傳的遺傳因子)雜交,子代只有一種表現型,則這兩個雜合子的遺傳因子組合是( )
A.AaBb和AABb B.AaBb和Aabb
C.Aabb和aaBb D.AABb和AaBB
10.如下圖所示,卵原細胞內含有Aa、Bb兩對同源染色體,已知此卵原細胞經減數分裂形成卵細胞的染色體組成為Ab,則其產生的3個極體的染色體組成分別為( )
A.AB、Ab、Ab
B.Aa、Bb、AB
C.Ab、aB、ab
D.Ab、aB、aB
11.牛的黑毛對棕毛是顯性,要判斷一頭黑牛是否為純合子,選用與它交配的牛最好是( )
A.純種黑牛 B.純種棕牛
C.雜種黑牛 D.雜種棕牛
12.基因型為AaBb的個體進行測交,后代中不會出現的基因型是( )
A.AaBb B.aabb C.AABb D.aaBb
13.兩只黑毛豚鼠,生了一只白毛豚鼠,若再生兩只豚鼠,它們都是白毛豚鼠的概率是( )
A. B. C. D.
14.雌蛙的卵巢中有初級卵母細胞6000個,從理論上計算,經減數分裂所生成的卵細胞和極體數分別是( )
A.6000和6000 B.6000和18000
C.6000和24000 D.12000和12000
15.在下圖中,不屬于精子形成過程的是( )
16.假定某一個體的基因型為AaBbCCDdEeff;成對基因均不在同一對同源染色體上,此個體能產生多少種類型的配子( )
A.2種 B.6種 C.8種 D.16種
17.下圖表示某個生物的精子細胞,試根據細胞內基因的類型,判斷其精子細胞至少來自幾個精原細胞( )
A.2個 B.3個 C.4個 D.8個
18.水稻的體細胞中有24條染色體,在一般正常情況下,它的初級精母細胞、次級精母細胞和精子中染色體數目、DNA分子含量,分別依次是( )
A.24、12、12和24、12、12
B.24、24、12和24、12、12
C.48、24、12和24、24、12
D.24、12、12和48、24、12
19.某同學制作DNA雙螺旋模型中含腺嘌呤5個,腺嘌呤與鳥嘌呤之比為1∶3,則該DNA片段模型中含有脫氧核糖的數目為( )
A.10 B.20 C.30 D.40
20.在DNA分子中,不能成立的是( )
A. B.
C. D.
21.關于脫氧核苷酸的相關說法正確的是( )
A.化學組成包括磷酸、堿基、脫氧核糖
B.是一種生物大分子
C.是生物的主要遺傳物質
D.每一種都含有四種特定的堿基
22.如果已知子代基因型及其比例為:YYRR∶YYrr∶YyRR∶Yyrr∶YYRr∶YyRr=1∶1∶1∶1∶2∶2,并且知道Y與y、R與r分別位于兩對同源染色體上,則雙親的基因型為( )
A.YYRR×YYRr B.YyRR×YyRr
C.YYRr×YyRr D.YyRr×YyRr
23.人類的單眼皮和雙眼皮是由一對遺傳因子A和a所決定的。某男孩的雙親都是雙眼皮,而他卻是單眼皮。該男孩及其父母的遺傳因子組成依次是( )
A.aa、AA、Aa B.Aa、Aa、aa
C.aa、Aa、Aa D.aa、AA、AA
24.如果用15N、32P、35S標記噬菌體后,讓其侵染細菌,在產生的子代噬菌體的組成結構成分中,能夠找到的放射性元素為( )
A.可在外殼中找到15N和35S
B.可在DNA中找到15N、32P
C.可在外殼中找到15N
D.可在DNA中找到15N、32P、35S
25.已知水稻高稈(T)對矮稈(t)為顯性,抗病(R)對感病(r)為顯性,這兩對基因在非同源染色體上。現將一株表現型為高稈、抗病的植株的花粉授給另一株表現型為相同的植株。所得后代表現型是高稈∶矮稈=3∶1,抗病∶感病=3∶1。根據以上實驗結果,判斷下列敘述錯誤的是( )
A.以上后代群體的表現型有4種
B.以上后代群體的基因型有9種
C.以上兩株親本可以分別通過不同雜交組合獲得
D.以上兩株表現型相同的親本,基因型不相同
二、非選擇題(本大題共4小題,每空2分,共50分)
26.如圖是雄性的一個細胞,請據圖回答下列問題。
(1)圖中的細胞處在減數分裂的 時期。
(2)圖中有 對同源染色體,它們是 。
(3)圖中可組成 種非同源染色體,形成配子時非同源染色體有 種組合的可能性。而一個這樣的原始生殖細胞,最后實際只能產生 種配子。
(4)a、a′稱為 ,是 形成的。
27.下圖是一個遺傳病的系譜圖(設該病受A、a控制,A是顯性,a是隱性):
(1)該遺傳病是 性遺傳病。
(2)6號的遺傳因子組成是 ,7號的遺傳因子組成是 。
(3)6號和7號婚配后,在他們所生的男孩中出現此種遺傳病患者的概率是 。
(4)要保證9號所生孩子不患此種遺傳病,從理論上說,其配偶的遺傳因子組成必須是 。
28.牽牛花的花色由一對等位基因R、r控制,葉的形狀由一對等位基因T、t控制,這兩對性狀是獨立遺傳的,下表是三組不同親本雜交的結果:
編號 親本交配組合 子代的表現型和植株數目
紅、闊 紅、窄 白、闊 白、窄
一 白色闊葉×紅色窄葉 403 0 397 0
二 紅色窄葉×紅色窄葉 0 431 0 141
三 白色闊葉×紅色窄葉 413 0 0 0
(1)請據判斷出上述兩對相對性狀中的顯性性狀:
和 。
(2)寫出各個組合中兩個親本的基因型: 、 、

29.兔子的黑毛(B)對白毛(b)為顯性,短毛(E)對長毛(e)為顯性,這兩對遺傳因子是獨立遺傳的。現有純合黑色短毛兔和白色長毛兔。
(1)請設計培育出能穩定遺傳的黑色長毛兔的育種方案(簡要程序)。
第一步: ;
第二步: ;
第三步: 。
(2)在F2中黑色長毛兔的遺傳因子組合有 種,其純合子占黑色長毛兔總數的 ,其雜合子占F2總數的 。
(3)上述遺傳遵循 定律。總分:150分 時間:120分鐘 命題人:占利波
一、選擇題(本題共10小題,每小題5分,共50分)
1.復數的共軛復數為( )
A. , B. , C. D.
2.平面α⊥平面β,α∩β=l,點P∈α,點Q∈l,那么PQ⊥l是PQ⊥β的( )
A.充分但不必要條件 B.必要但不充分條件
C.充要條件 D.既不充分也不必要條件
3.用反證法證明命題:“三角形的內角中至少有一個不大于60度”時,反設正確的是( )
A.假設三內角都不大于60度 B.假設三內角都大于60度
C.假設三內角至多有一個大于60度 D.假設三內角至多有兩個大于60度
4.命題:“若,則”的逆否命題是( )
A.若,則 B.若,則
C.若且,則 D.若或,則
5.設曲線在點處的切線與直線垂直,則( )
A. B. C. D.2
6.正方體ABCDA1B1C1D1中,BB1與平面ACD1所成角的正切值是( )
A. B. C. D.
7.已知正四棱錐的側棱長與底面邊長都相等,是的中點,則所成的角的余弦值為( )
A. B. C. D.
8.已知為一次函數,且,則( )
A. B. C. D.
9.下列命題錯誤的是( )
A.命題“若”的逆否命題為“若中至少有一個不為0,則”;
B.若命題;
C.若為假命題,則為真命題;
D.“”是“”的充要條件。
10.由曲線和直線
所圍成的圖形(陰影部分)的面積的最小值為( )
A. B. C. D.
二、填空題(每小題5分,共25分)
11.命題:“任意x∈,sinx≤x”的否定是 .
12.函數的圖象在點處的切線方程是 .
13.已知為偶函數,且,則_____________.
14.已知空間三點,則以AB,AC為邊的平行四邊形的面積為
15.將邊長為,有一內角為的菱形沿較短對角線折成四面體,點分別為的中點,則下列命題中正確的是
(將正確的命題序號全填上):
①;
②與異面直線、都垂直;
③當四面體的體積最大時,;
④垂直于截面.
三、解答題(第16、17、18、19、20每小題12分,21題民13分,22題14分,共75分,要求寫出必要的步驟和過程)
16. 設z是虛數,ω是實數,且-1<ω<2.
(1)求 |z| 的值及z的實部的取值范圍;(2)設,求證:u為純虛數;
(3)求ω的最小值.
17.設命題p:函數的定義域為R;命題q:不等式 對一切實數均成立,如果命題“p或q”為真命題,且“p且q”為假命題,求實數的取值范圍.
18.如圖,在棱長為2的正方體中,為的中點,為的中點.
(1)求證://平面;(2)求三棱錐的體積;
(3)求二面角的余弦值。
19.已知函數f(x)=-x2+8x,g(x)=6ln x+m,
(1)求f(x)在區間[t,t+1]上的最大值h(t);
(2)是否存在實數m使得y=f(x)的圖象與y=g(x)的圖象有且只有三個不同的交點?若存在,求出m的取值范圍;若不存在,說明理由.
20.已知斜三棱柱的底面是直角三角形,,側棱與底面所成角為,點在底面上射影D落在BC上.
(1)求證:平面;
(2)若點D恰為BC中點,且,求的大小;
(3)若,且當時,求二面角的大小.
21.已知函數,其中,b∈R且b≠0,
(1)求的單調區間;
(2)當b=1時,若方程沒有實根,求a的取值范圍;
(3)證明:,其中.
A
D
B
C
A1
B1
C1
D11
E
F總分:150分 時間:120分鐘 命題人:鄭麗華
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 聽力(共兩節,滿分30分)
第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話,選出正確答案。
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a bus station. C. In a shop.
2. What does the man mean
A. He is Mr Smith.
B. Mr Smith is not there.
C. He will find Mr Smith for the woman.
3. How much will each one cost if you buy two coats
A. 30 dollars. B. 35 dollars. C. 40 dollars.
4. What is the woman looking for
A. A museum. B. A bank. C. A supermarket.
5. Who won the medal in swimming
A. An Englishman. B. A German. C. A Frenchman.
第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽第6段材料,回答第6至8題。
6. Why is the woman here
A. To buy a radio.
B. To have her radio repaired.
C. To get her radio back.
7. When will the woman come again
A. Tomorrow.
B. In three day’s time.
C. In a week.
8. Why did the woman insist on repairing the radio
A. She like it very much.
B. She borrowed it.
C. She can’t afford a new one.
聽第7段材料,回答第9至11題。
9. Where does the woman want to go
A. College Road.
B. Subway station.
C. Bus stop.
10. How far is the subway station from here
A. About five minutes’ walk.
B. About ten minutes’ ride.
C. About 35 minutes’ ride.
11. How to get to the bus stop according to the man
A. Go down this street and turn right on the first cross.
B. Go down this street and turn left on the first cross.
C. Go up this street and turn right on the first cross.
聽第8段材料,回答第12至14題。
12. Why is the woman so excited
A. She will go and visit her grandpa.
B. Grandpa will come here with them.
C. Grandpa will give her a valuable present.
13. How does grandpa come here
A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By train.
14. Why does grandpa not want anybody to meet him
A. Because he doesn’t want to give any trouble to them.
B. Because it is not far from the station to their house.
C. Because he likes to be independent.
聽第9段材料,回答第15至17題。
15. What did the man first do
A. He had a swim.
B. He went to Mrs Black’s home.
C. He went to an island.
16. Where did the man have the picnic
A. Just outside the house.
B. In the park.
C. On an island.
17. What was the weather like when the man had the picnic
A. Terrible. B. Rainy. C. Lovely.
聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。
18. What is the speaker
A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.
19. What will the speaker do in the morning
A. Clean the house. B. See the doctor. C. Help Julie.
20. What will the speaker do at 4:30
A. Do her own work.
B. Get dinner ready.
C. Pick up her brother.
第二部分 英語知識運用(共兩節,滿分45分)
第一節 單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
21. Lucy, if you’re interested in the movie The Lion King 3D
,but I’ve seen it in the cinema last Sunday.
A. Just a moment, please B. Forget it
C. I’d love to D. As you like it
22. Mary, here is the opera ticket you want.
.
A. Don’t mention it B. That’s very kind of you
C. It’s a pleasure D. You’re most welcome
23. No students is allowed to go out during the class without the teacher’s .
A. decision B. expression
C. conclusion D. permission
24. The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.
A. what B. how
C. that D. why
25. Mr Li no longer smokes new because his wife him to give up smoking last year.
A. suggested B. advised
C. told D. persuaded
26. The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that
C. one D. it
27. You’re really very kind. I’ll never forget the you have done me.
A. favor B. deed
C. help D. benefit
28. Walking along the narrow path in the fog. I found someone following me, but when I , I found nothing.
A. turned up B. turned around
C. turned away D. turned out
29. My sister is six years to me, but she is more helpful to my parents.
A. younger B. junior
C. earlier D. smaller
30. The sun was shining brightly, everything there
more beautiful.
A. making; look B. to make; looked
C. and made; looking D. and making; be looked
31. I had great difficulty the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A. find B. found
C. to find D. finding
32. It’s so cold in the room. Would you mind me the door
A. close B. to close
C. closing D. closed
33. Mrs. White is supposed for China last week.
A. leaving B. to be leaving
C. to leave D. to have left
34. The system has been designed to give students quick and easy
to the digital resources of the library.
A. access B. passage
C. way D. approach
35. You see, she is losing her temper now. Let’s her .
A. leave; alone B. leave; out
C. leave; off D. leave; behind
第二節 完形填空(共20小題,每小題1.5,滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。
Several years ago, we moved into the apartment where we live now. When my friends helped me move in, the downstairs neighbors began to 36 about the noise. I could do 37 about it. After all, noises are unavoidable(不可避免的). How can anyone move in
38
Still 39 , the complaints continued on a daily basis-well after the first day. We walked “too loudly” down the stairs, we laughed too often, we opened and closed the door too many times…They had many 40 to complain.
Nobody can stand the endless complaints and quarrels. I soon learned that they had 41 the last few families who lived above them by the same way. So I had the information I needed and I tried to 42 every situation carefully.
I tired to walk in 43 to avoid any possible noises. Whenever they called 44 came to the door with a complaint, no matter how unreasonable, I simply listened. From their confused expressions, I could imaging that they had never expected to get a
45 attitude from me.
Of course, it was hard to keep calm but my sister and I 46 . I told my sister that we were going to be pleasant and 47 them to change their attitude to neighbors. I explained to her that they probably felt 48 in their lives because they are common people.
49 , they were always looking for a 50 to show their power so that nobody could look down upon them. I continued smiling and greeting them as I saw them, much to their 51 . On more than one occasion(不止一次), I ended up 52 them. They thanked me before they left.
Unexpectedly, the next time I was them, they all smiled and
53 friendly. We had a short but pleasant 54 . Ever since then, they’ve been very pleasant neighbors, and we’ve become good
55 .
36. A. worry B. talk
C. care D. complain
37. A. everything B. nothing
C. something D. anything
38. A. quietly B. quickly
C. suddenly D. slowly
39. A. angrier B. less
C. better D. worse
40. A. purposes B. times
C. reasons D. persons
41. A. come across B. driven off
C. knocked into D. taken in
42. A. treat B. allow
C. keep D. accept
43. A. fashion B. trouble
C. doubt D. peace
44. A. but B. so
C. or D. as
45. A. funny B. positive
C. gentle D. satisfying
46. A. continued B. decided
C. began D. stopped
47. A. order B. ask
C. forbid D. encourage
48. A. stupid B. powerless
C. unfortunate D. dangerous
49. A. Besides B. Therefore
C. Otherwise D. However
50. A. task B. chance
C. challenge D. job
51. A. surprise B. worry
C. taste D. expect
52. A. frustrating B. annoying
C. helping D. joining
53. A. sounded B. felt
C. phoned D. looked
54. A. discussion B. quarrel
C. conversation D. journey
55. A. friends B. workmates
C. partners D. classmates
第三部分 閱讀理解(共20小題,每小題2分,滿分40分)
A
From my father I have learned a lot. And I am very grateful to him. I remember when I was a child my father always woke very early, quietly putting on his clothes and going off to work. To arrive in time to open his tiny store at 8:30, he needed to leave our apartment at 6:30. After all, he had to take a bus and then the subway. The last journey was a long walk through a neighborhood much of which was full of the smell of rubbish. I learned: It is very important to work. No excuses.
When I was 12, I would, on some Saturdays, go to my father’s store to help out. After helping set up the outside clothing display, for the rest of the day, I’d watch to make sure no one stole anything. I received the world’s shortest training course: “Respect but suspect(懷疑).” When I noticed someone looking suspicious, I would look the person in the eye, smile and say, “May I help you ” Usually that worked, but sometimes, someone would run off with something. The first time, I raced after the thief but my father shouted, “Martin, stop! It’s not worth it.” Really safety is more important then money.
After ten years of trading, he saved up enough money to buy his first car, a 1953 Chevy-he wouldn’t buy one until he could afford to pay for it without a loan(貸款). I learned: buy only what you can afford. I have little sympathy(同情)for those who are “over their head in debt.” Buying basic food and clothing won’t make us go into debt.” Buying basic food and clothing won’t make us go into debt. The unnecessary things wont give us happiness, which comes form achievement only.
56. What is the text mainly about
A. The lessons the author learned from his father.
B. How to live a happy life.
C. What makes a person successful.
D. The help the author got from his father.
57. Which shop did the author’s father own
A. A bookshop. B. A coffee shop.
C. A clothing shop. D. A food shop.
58. Which of the following is NOT true
A. The author’s father worked hard.
B. The author thanks his father a lot.
C. The author’s father’s store brought in money.
D. The author raced after thieves many times.
59. All the following are talked about in the text EXCEPT .
A. the importance of working
B. the good ways to keep healthy
C. that it’s bad to spend more than you earn
D. that safety comes before money
60. According to the author, what usually drives people into debt
A. To buy enough food for the family.
B. To send their children to school.
C. To rent a house for the family.
D. To enjoy something unnecessary.
B
A few months ago the potato was considered a bad food in the obesity battle but a new study shows it isn’t that bad after all.
In June, researchers from Harvard University found that eating some of the potato every day, whether deep fried or baked, caused more weight gain than an extra can of drink or some kind of meat. The conclusion was that it happened because potatoes were always cooked-making it easier for the body to transform the starch to glucose(將淀粉轉化為葡萄糖), which in turn raised blood sugar levels(血糖水平). The body then had to work extra hard to get the levels down but falling blood sugar made people hungry, which led to eating more food.
But a University of Otago study showed today brought some good news for spud lovers. “In general, different foods are tested for the glycemic index (GI)(血糖指數)and it is less usual to test the GI of a whole meal,” one of the study’s authors, Hayley Dodd, said. “However, in this study, the GIs of three meals were tested. The meals all contained chicken, carrots and mutton together with a lot of food including potato, while rice or spaghetti.”
It found the GI for each meal lower than thought; researchers had expected the potato meal would have a GI of 65, but it came in at 53, which was lower. “Although potato is a high-GI food, a meal with the potato is not so,” Dr Bernard Venn said. “I don’t think people should be too afraid of putting high-GI foods into their meals-our work suggests that having a small amount of potato with a meal isn’t going to drive your blood sugar high.”
30 healthy people aged 18-50 took part in the study. The research has been published in the October issue of the American.
61. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage
A. Healthy food recipe
B. Potatoes are not so bad
C. Health benefits of potatoes
D. Healthy method of losing weight
62. The study in June found the potato would make people fat easily when .
A. it was eaten cooked
B. it was eaten unbaked
C. people ate too much of it
D. people ate it with drinks
63. The underlined word “spud” in the third paragraph most probably means “ ”.
A. chicken B. rice
C. potato D. carrot
64. From the University of Otago study, we can know .
A. potatoes are not good for old people’s health
B. the glycemic index of potatoes is very low
C. people will get fatter and fatter if they eat potatoes
D. a small amount of potato won’t make people fat if eaten with other food
65. The passage is most likely to be taken from a .
A. textbook B. health magazine
C. doctor’s notebook D. fashion magazine
C
Ever walk into a room and immediately feel comfortable Sometimes just the opposite is true. Decorating for the five senses in an easy way to solve the problem.
Sight: This seems like an obvious one. Flowers can give a visitor something to look forward to. So do the beautiful pictures. No one wants to see empty flowerpots(花盆)and walls. And this though should be carried throughout your house. Upon walking into every room you should be greeted with something beautiful or unusual to see.
Sound: Here is something I appreciate-sitting down for a meal and having my favorite CD played in the background. Listening to music reduces stress and brings in joy. With new technology enjoying music in every room of your house is easier.
Taste: Some ways can cause your sense of taste. The easiest is a bowl of shiny fresh apples in your house. Lemons also work. In the Kitchen, fresh apples in your house. Lemons also work. In the kitchen, fresh garlic means more. It says “Good food served here!” When all else fails, a box of chocolates can sweeten every room!
Touch: Every room should contain something that can attract outsiders. Suppose in a supermarket you find some beautiful and fancy goods, surely you’d make a special trip to run your hand over them. The same is true in your home.
Smell:Pleasant smell is always popular. Change a room’s scent(氣味)with the season. Lavender(薰衣草)for spring, roses for summer, the scent of apples for autumn. Winter is a combination of many holiday scents, such as baked cookies and fresh evergreens.
When decorating for all five senses, you can use combination pieces. Take window treatments for example! Silk curtains satisfy three of our senses-they are pleasant to look at, soft to touch and resist(抵抗)sounds.
66. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Suggestions on decorating for the senses.
B. The problems we usually have with your rooms.
C. The importance of feeling well.
D. Ways to protect the five senses.
67. According to the text, which of the following can get a person relaxed
A. Smelling cookies being baked.
B. Enjoying music.
C. Seeing some old pictures.
D. Finding something fancy in a shop.
68. Which of the following work(s) best in improving one’s sense of taste
A. Apples. B. Lemons. C. Garlic. D. Chocolates.
69. Window treatments are mentioned in the text to .
A. present the advantages of silk
B. explain the use of windows
C. introduce the way to make curtains
D. show a decoration for several senses
70. The text is the most useful for a person who is .
A. planning to decorate his new house
B. saving money to buy a new house
D. looking for a new house to rent
D. seeking for a new job as a decorator
D
When Mr. Brown’s youngest soon turned 4, he and his wife started thinking about what kind of education they should give him and what kind of school could provide that education. Finally they chose a charter(特許)school rather than a public school which was just a 5-minute drive from their home. What they liked most about it was its teaching way, because it could allow parents to be involved(參與)in their child’s education.
As a parent, Mr. Brown or his wife had to spend at least 3 hours a week in their child’s class, helping the teacher, keeping children on task and finding out mistakes in their homework. All the parents in the class are involved in daily classroom activities, not just a few successful parents.
The parents are also required to join a community to do some work, like fundraising(集資), advertising, and marketing. That way, they can help improve the school according to their own skills and experience. This seems a lot of work, but it’s worth it, and they all work with willingness to make the school a better place and a better environment for their children.
As a result of having as many as 3 parents in the classroom at any given time, the children are much more open to talking to adults than other children of their age, they get more one-on-one attention in their studies, and parents get to know and make friends with all their children’s classmates. This new kind of schooling way is becoming popular in the southern cities of America.
71. Why did Mr. Brown choose a charter school for his son
A. Because he found no public school near his home.
B. Because the teachers’ teaching ways were interesting.
C. Because the school was free and provided better education.
D. Because he was able to involve himself in his child’s education.
72. We can learn from the passage that .
A. all the parents join in daily classroom activities in turn
B. Mr. Brown spent less than 3 hours in the class a week
C. Mr. Brown let his only son go to school at the age of 4
D. it is very hard fro a child to attend a public school
73. Parents can do the following things in the community EXCEPT .
A. fundraising B. advertising
C. teaching D. marketing
74. The parents do the work for the charter school mainly to .
A. make a lot of friends in this way
B. give their children a better environment
C. help run the school with their own skills
D. improve their children’s grades very soon
75. In this passage the author mainly tells readers .
A. his child has made great progress in the charter school
B. the difference between American schools and other countries schools
C. students and parents become friends in American public schools
D. a new kind of schooling way in the southern cities of America
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分 寫作(共兩節,滿分35分)
第一節 閱讀表達(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
[1]Dana Cummings was in his thirties before he first went surfing. He is much older than most people who first did that. But, it’s even more surprising that Dana Cummings chose to learn the sport after losing a leg in a car accident. Now, nine years later, he helps other disabled people learn hot to ride the waves.
[2]Now Dana Cummings is on the coast of Maine. He is teaching 27-year-old Matthew Fish who is partly blind to surf. Cummings takes hold of Fish and leads him into the ocean. Fish lies on the surfboard. He tries to stand up on it according to Cummings’ direction. After a few attempts he is up and riding all the way back to land.
[3]Dana Cummings served two tours of duty as a soldier in Iraq during the nineteen ninety Gulf War. He returned home without injury. But a car accident in two thousand and two took his leg. Dana Cummings says the crash changed him more than just physically. He said, “Before the accident, I was just existing(存在), not living. But losing my leg makes me realize how precious(寶貴的)life is and get off the couch and start living. I do more things now than . Next week I am going to compete in a tournament in Hawaii.”
[4]Dana Cummings set up AmpSurf in 2003. AmpSurf is a nonprofit(非營利的)group that holds surfing classes and events for people with disabilities. Recently, AmpSurf took its traning programs to the East Coast.
[5]Dana Cummings says AmpSurf can change the way a disabled person thinks. He said, “Disabled people always concentrate on their disabilities, and we want them to see what they can do. Who cares that you lost your leg or you’re blind. Have fun. Just enjoy life. Take the most advantage of it.”
76. When did Dana Cummings start to learn surfing (no more than 10 words)
plete the following statement with words from Paragraph 2. (no more than 5 words)
Matthew Fish tries a few times before he stands up, after which he is surfing back to land.
78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
79. What is AmpSurf that Dana Cummings set up (no more than 12 words)
80. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably refer to (1 word)
第二節 書面表達(25分)
假如你是主持人,請你根據以下表格的信息,以“should we give money to beggars ”為題為你班的班會寫一個總結。
贊同觀點 反對觀點
①孤寡老人不能自食其力而被迫乞討;②有些學生因家境貧困而輟學;③有些殘疾人只能以乞討為生。 ①大部分都是假裝的,乞討只是他們賺錢的一個捷徑;②資助會助長懶惰。
結論:應該盡力幫助弱勢群體,但一定要慎重。
注意:
1.文章的開頭已給出,不計入總詞數;
2.詞數:100左右。
3.參考詞匯:弱勢群體 inferior group
Should we give money to beggars
We have had a class meeting today on whether we should give money to beggars and we have different opinions.總分:150分 時間:120分鐘 命題人:張來健
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 聽力(共兩節,滿分30分)
第一節(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話,選出正確答案。
1. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a bus station. C. In a shop.
2. What does the man mean
A. He is Mr Smith.
B. Mr Smith is not there.
C. He will find Mr Smith for the woman.
3. How much will each one cost if you buy two coats
A. 30 dollars. B. 35 dollars. C. 40 dollars.
4. What is the woman looking for
A. A museum. B. A bank. C. A supermarket.
5. Who won the medal in swimming
A. An Englishman. B. A German. C. A Frenchman.
第二節(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽第6段材料,回答第6至8題。
6. Why is the woman here
A. To buy a radio.
B. To have her radio repaired.
C. To get her radio back.
7. When will the woman come again
A. Tomorrow.
B. In three day’s time.
C. In a week.
8. Why did the woman insist on repairing the radio
A. She like it very much.
B. She borrowed it.
C. She can’t afford a new one.
聽第7段材料,回答第9至11題。
9. Where does the woman want to go
A. College Road.
B. Subway station.
C. Bus stop.
10. How far is the subway station from here
A. About five minutes’ walk.
B. About ten minutes’ ride.
C. About 35 minutes’ ride.
11. How to get to the bus stop according to the man
A. Go down this street and turn right on the first cross.
B. Go down this street and turn left on the first cross.
C. Go up this street and turn right on the first cross.
聽第8段材料,回答第12至14題。
12. Why is the woman so excited
A. She will go and visit her grandpa.
B. Grandpa will come here with them.
C. Grandpa will give her a valuable present.
13. How does grandpa come here
A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By train.
14. Why does grandpa not want anybody to meet him
A. Because he doesn’t want to give any trouble to them.
B. Because it is not far from the station to their house.
C. Because he likes to be independent.
聽第9段材料,回答第15至17題。
15. What did the man first do
A. He had a swim.
B. He went to Mrs Black’s home.
C. He went to an island.
16. Where did the man have the picnic
A. Just outside the house.
B. In the park.
C. On an island.
17. What was the weather like when the man had the picnic
A. Terrible. B. Rainy. C. Lovely.
聽第10段材料,回答第18至20題。
18. What is the speaker
A. A student. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.
19. What will the speaker do in the morning
A. Clean the house. B. See the doctor. C. Help Julie.
20. What will the speaker do at 4:30
A. Do her own work.
B. Get dinner ready.
C. Pick up her brother.
第二部分 英語知識運用(共兩節,滿分45分)
第一節 單項填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
21. Although defeated by Kim Clijsters of Belgium in final match of Australian Open, Li Na remains pride of China.
A. a; the B. the; /
C. a; a D. the; a
22. -I’m so glad I caught you at home. I need your help.
- , Robin
A. What’s up B. What else
C. How come D. Why not
23. How much she looked without her glasses!
A. well B. good
C. best D. better
24. I found her at the desk a book.
A. seat; read B. seating; reading
C. seated; reading D. seating; read
25. If Tom had know the plan for the trip, he out alone.
A. wouldn’t have gone B. wouldn’t go
C. might go D. should have gone
26. People who live in this hotel have free to the swimming pool.
A. right B. superiority
C. priority D. access
27. I prefer to get up early go to school without breakfast.
A. other than B. rather than
C. more than D. less than
28. See the flags on top of the building That was we did this morning.
A. which B. when
C. what D. where
29. The manager, it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.
A. who has made B. having made
C. made D. making
30. Please meet me at the same place you did yesterday.
A. that B. as
C. what D. when
31. In a room above the store, where a party , some workers were busily setting the table.
A. was to be held B. has been held
C. will be held D. is being held
32. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and
less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A. being weighed B. to weigh
C. weighed D. weighing
33. My most famous relative of all, who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather.
A. one B. the one
C. he D. someone
34. You amaze me! You cheat in such important examinations.
A. should B. would
C. need D. may
35. What we have to admit is that never in the past thirty years
so greatly as today.
A. did China change B. China has changed
C. has China changed D. China had changed
第二節 完形填空(共20小題,每小題1.5,滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。
We sat four rows from the stage so we could have that all-
important perfect view of our son performing.
It was late May. My wife and I sat there 36 rather blue, thinking the same things but sitting 37 , keeping thoughts to ourselves. This was our youngest kid's last high school concert—and to our sad disbelief, it was also 38 .
Where had the 39 gone Just yesterday, he'd been sitting next to us, watching first his 40 , then his older brother
41 in some music or sporting event. Now we were 42
our youngest, a senior in high school, nearing graduation.
Mamaroneck High School has a wonderful traditional 43
each year: to conclude the annual spring concert by honoring the
44 seniors, calling them each to the stage with a few words about their school life and where they are each 45 off to next — College! My wife and I sat there quietly; proud, 46 , but misty-eyed.
As we walked out of the 47 looking for our son, we saw him taking photos with his closest friends, arm in arm. He came over to us; we 48 as we always do after a concert, telling him how proud we were, how 49 he was. But we noticed that he was having a bit of a 50 time. He had tears in his eyes.
We asked 51 he was OK. He looked at us, holding back his tears, and said, “I just can't 52 it’s over. It’s really sad.” I looked at Rob and reminded him, “You’ve had a special time; you’ve made so many good close friends. You are 53 to have had the kind of time that you will truly miss.” He nodded. And I 54
the words I said to my wife a few years earlier 55 we first sent our daughter off to college: “You’re lucky to be sad.”
36. A. feeling B. looking C. talking D. thinking
37. A. straightly B. directly C. quietly D. differently
38. A. ours B. mine C. theirs D. his
39. A. children B. time C. condition D. pleasure
40. A. teacher B. friend C. mother D. sister
41. A. perform B. show C. compete D. attend
42. A. waiting B. hoping C. watching D. wishing
43. A. concert B. ceremony C. incident D. way
44. A. fresh B. graduating
C. important D. ordinary
45. A. heading B. looking C. rushing D. walking
46. A. cheerful B. careful C. helpful D. grateful
47. A. school B. hall C. cinema D. college
48. A. patted B. stared C. hugged D. talked
49. A. handsome B. tiresome
C. troublesome D. awesome
50. A. happy B. tough C. good D. great
51. A. why B. if C. when D. how
52. A. forget B. receive C. believe D. think
53. A. easy B. ready C. lucky D. sorry
54. A. reminded B. recycled
C. recommended D. remembered
55. A. since B. while C. before D. when
第三部分 閱讀理解(共20小題,每小題2分,滿分40分)
A
With the development of society, more and more people have realized the importance of environment protecting. They want to eat healthy and live green. But can you imagine that we can also transport green in most cities Car sharing is a good way to drive green that's gaining in popularity, especially in urban areas. People who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands(差事)or drive on weekends benefit most from car sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are non-profit and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and have access to an entire fleet of cars when they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots around the city, so members only need to make a reservation, and then go to the pickup spot.
Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it reduces the number of cars on the road.Members don't drive just because they are in a car. They plan trips, and if they don't need a car, they don't use one. Still, a car is available to them if they need to make a big trip to the grocery store, pick someone up at the airport or if they want to go to the beach for the day. Members also benefit by having access to a car without any of the headaches of ownership. They usually don't have to pay for the gas, insurance or maintenance, and the monthly membership fee is less than a typical car payment. So if you really want to go green but aren't ready to totally give up a car yet, car sharing may be the way to go.
If you still need to get around, but want to go even greener than sharing a car, share a bus!
56. The author intends to tell us that car sharing ________.
A. has become the most popular way to go to work
B. has become the best way to cut living costs
C. is welcomed by more and more people in the urban area.
D. is becoming popular both in urban and rural areas
57. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. Zipcar can't help you if you are running errands
B. Zipcar, different from other services, aims green driving with no profit
C. Zipcar is a company supplying car sharing service for free.
D. Zipcar is a company providing formal car sharing for some profit.
58. We can see from the passage that ________.
A. when people will share a car
B. why a car is available to members.
C. why car sharing is cheaper than owning a car
D. why car sharing is becoming more and more popular.
59. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Car sharing has become a new trend.
B. Car sharing can save you the headaches of ownership.
C. Bus sharing is even greener than car sharing.
D. Zipcar is the largest company offering car sharing services.
60. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of car sharing
A. You can save money by car sharing in contrast with owning a car.
B. As a member of Zipcar, you can use a car at any time you want.
C. If more people join in car sharing, our environment will be better.
D. If you join in car sharing, you needn’t worry about where to park the car.
B
It's beyond your imagination that a stranger will read your e-mails without your permission or scan the website you've visited or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills. All of the things may happen to you one day.
To our horror, some of these things have already happened to us. It was reported that recently huge amounts of personal information of the clients(客戶)on a certain website was let out. Who would watch you without your permission It might be a spouse, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a cop or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen or even do something that may bring a disaster to you.
Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, but few boundaries remain nowadays. The digital bread crumbs (碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to know who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can leak the deepest thought in your mind. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.
The key question is: Does that matter For many Americans, the answer apparently is ''no''.
When asked about privacy, most Americans say they are really concerned about losing it. And 60 percent of the respondents say they feel their privacy is "slipping away, and that bothers me".
But people say one thing and do another. Only a small number of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to preserve their privacy. A series of tests about privacy have revealed that people will give up personal information just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (優惠券). But privacy does matter—at least sometimes. It's like health; when you have it, you don't notice it. Only when it's gone do you wish you'd done more to protect it.
61. What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends
A. Friends should open their hearts to each other.
B. Friends should always be faithful to each other.
C. There should be fewer quarrels between friends.
D. We should keep some distance even between friends.
62. Why does the author say ''we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret"
A. Modern society has finally developed into an open society.
B. People leave traces around when using modern technology.
C. There are always people who are curious about others' affairs.
D. Many search engines profit by revealing people's identities.
63. What do most Americans do about privacy protection
A. Most people are willing to change behavior that might disclose their identity.
B. People can refuse the temptation from merchants in daily life.
C. People rely more and more on advanced technology and can do little about it.
D. People know a lot about the importance of privacy but hardly do anything about it.
64. According to the author, privacy is in common with health in that _______.
A. people will make every effort to keep it
B. its importance is hardly understood
C. it is something that can easily be lost
D. people don't value it until they lose it
65. What would be the best title for the passage
A. No privacy, no health
B. Treasure your privacy
C. Boundaries are important between friends
D. The information age has its own shortcomings
C
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms (微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
66. Which of the following statements is NOT true
A. Poisoned food can make people sick.
B. Food poisoning can be serious.
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D. Food poisoning means death.
67. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning
.
A. are always accompanied by a fever
B. can be noticed within hours
C. are too common to be noted
D. can he ignored
68. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT
.
A. some chemicals
B. some tiny living things
C. low temperatures
D. certain natural materials
69. From Paragraph 5, we can learn that .
A. different types of food should be handled differently
B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D.mushrooms should not be eaten
70. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. natural materials are safe in food processing
B. chemicals are needed in food processing
C. food poisoning is out of control
D. food poisoning can be kept under control
D
(ALAUDDIN VALLEY)—Russia's relationship with Tajikistan has soured following an incident involving a Russian pilot who was arrested — after making an emergency landing in the Central Asian nation.
Russia responded by beginning to drive out Tajik guest workers, a move that threatens Tajikistan's entire economy. In total, some 700,000 Tajik citizens work in Russia. In the past quarter, they sent home some $742 million in remittances (匯款). Overall, the money guest workers send back makes up half of the republic's government budget.
The Alauddin Valley is in the Fann Mountains in eastern Tajikistan. The place long held an attraction for Russian writers and adventurers. Later, during the Soviet era, it was a popular tourist destination. Yet establishing a strong relationship with the people of the mountainous region is not easy.
Men are seldom seen in the area. Nearly every family has at least one breadwinner working in Russia, if not more. The farm work falls to the women, who divide it up among themselves.
Each summer, the village chooses the most experienced and skilled women to take all of the cows (up to 300 of them) to the summer pastures (牧場) high up on in the mountains. The women spend four months there with their children since there is no one to leave the children with. They milk the cows and prepare products for the winter: cheese, butter and so on. These fermented (發酵) goods get them through the winter when snow and avalanches (雪崩) cut off all contact with civilization.
Residents here generally have two questions for visiting Russians. The first one is obvious: Is President Dmitri Medvedev going to limit the entry of Tajik guest workers The second question is less obvious: Are there cows in Moscow The Alauddin Valley's women truly can't imagine life without either.
71. Why was the Russian pilot arrested
A. Because he stole a plane in Tajikistan.
B. Because he didn’t land in Tajikistan safely.
C. Because he landed in Tajikistan without permission.
D. Because he refused to return to Russian.
72. What does the underlined word ''soured'' mean in Para 1
A. improved B. Strengthened
C. established D. worsened
73. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage
A. A Russian pilot was arrested in Tajikistan.
B. Each year Tajik guest workers send home some $ 742 million.
C. The Alauddin Valley is a popular tourist destination for Russians.
D. Now there are no men in the Alauddin Valley.
74. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. There are more men than women in Tajikistan
B. Women in the Alauddin Valley do half the farm work
C. Tajikistan is perhaps not very rich
D. In summer all women spend four months in the mountains
75. Women in the Alauddin Valley _______.
A. perhaps don't know much about the outside world
B. don't want to do farm work any longer
C. want the Russian government to forbid Tajik guest workers’ entry
D. do nothing during the winter months
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分 寫作(共兩節,滿分35分)
第一節 閱讀表達(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
[1]Fantasy books are one of the most readable books children and teenagers in the world due to their positive benefits, as they are based on various subjects like science fiction, historical fictions, others stories etc. According to a recent research, a huge demand of teenage fiction is noticed as one can select various topics such as romantic, short stories, books for boys & girls etc. There are following advantages of reading fiction or other books that are based on fantasy:
[2]Some recent studies show that people who read fiction books
related to stress such as migraine(偏頭痛), anger or impatient behavior etc than others. Therefore, the better idea will be to read books when you are feeling alone, as it helps you to occupy your mind in different situations.
[3]Reading is one of the most effective way to get rid of nervousness and other unpleasant thoughts. So, if you are tired of your daily routine, which is rough and unchanging, fiction books can do wonders for you, as they can help you to turn your mind from your personal or professional issues.
[4]Book reading is a wonder experience, as it can provide you many experiences related to many subjects. It expands you imaginations and takes you to a new journey of various experiences.
[5]Similar to movies, TV serials and other programs, fiction books keep us entertained, as you can choose your favorite topic out of a huge range of books that are available in the market.
[6]Reading books can increase the number of the words a reader knows, as you can find many impressive words in the books. Therefore, if you are planning to have a good job in any of the English speaking countries, reading can help you to get that by improving your reading as well as writing capabilities.
76. What is the main idea of the text (no more than 10 words)
plete the following statement with words from Paragraph 6. (no more than 5 words)
Reading can of the words know by a reader, because many words in the books leave a deep impression on you.
78. Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words)
79. What are the advantages of reading fiction books based on the text (no more than 10 words)
80. What does the word “it” (Line 2, Paragraph 4) probably refer to (no more than 3 words)
第二節 書面表達(25分)
2011年一位用行動宣講環保概念的年輕人“低碳哥(Low-carbon Brother)”在網上走紅了。他的主要做法有:①撿起廢紙,用空白一面寫字;②不開燈看電視,還把電視亮度調到最低(minimum);③上班騎自行車,不開車等。
請根據以上提示,寫一篇短文介紹低碳生活(生活作息時所耗用的能量要盡力減少,從而減低二氧化碳的排放量)并闡述自己對這種低碳生活的看法。
注意:
1.對所給要點逐一陳述,適當發揮,不要簡單翻譯。
2.詞數120左右。時間:90分鐘 滿分:100分 命題人:朱展
一、單項選擇題(每小題2分,共60分)
1.農民的境況是極其艱苦的,借了財主的債若還不清,財主就在借債者的土地上豎起債務碑石。借債者為財主做工,收成的六分之五給財主,自己只有六分之一。如果收成不夠繳納利息,財主便有權在一年后把欠債的農民及其妻、子變賣為奴。這種狀況盛行于( )
A.公元前6世紀初之前的雅典
B.梭倫改革后的雅典
C.克里斯梯尼統治時期的雅典
D.伯利克里時期的雅典
2.梭倫改革使工商業奴隸主逐漸躋身于統治階層行列的原因有( )
①“解負令”的頒布 ②財產等級制度的確立
③“四百人會議”的建立 ④恢復公民大會的最高權力
A.①②③ B.①②④
C.①③④ D.②③④
3.梭倫改革前和商鞅變法前都曾進行了大辯論,下列對這些辯論的理解不正確的是( )
A.改革往往會引起既得利益者的反對
B.改革者在最初階段往往招致社會各階層的攻擊
C.重大改革的推行不會是一帆風順的
D.推行改革要求改革者須具有非凡的勇氣和膽識
4.商鞅變法廢除“世卿世祿制”,有利于( )
①發展封建經濟 ②打擊舊貴族的勢力
③刺激宗室成員立軍功的欲望 ④強化對基層的管理
A.①② B.③④
C.①④ D.②③
5.下列各項描繪是公元前345年生活在關中地區的一個人的發跡故事,其中符合真實歷史情形的是( )
①這一年,他在一次戰爭中立功,得到100畝土地的賞賜
②第二年,他辛勤耕種,喜獲豐年,政府免除了他的徭役
③第三年,他又買了幾十畝土地,成了大地主
④幾年后,他賣掉土地去經商,同樣得到了政府的獎勵
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①③④ D.①②③④
6.漢族是中華民族的主體之一。她是歷史上多民族融合的結果,古代的鮮卑族在經歷了一次主動的改革后,逐漸融入了漢民族。這場改革是( )
A.秦國商鞅變法 B.北魏孝文帝改革
C.北宋王安石變法 D.明朝張居正改革
7.史學界對北魏孝文帝改革的看法不一。有人認為北魏孝文帝是蓋世英雄,也有人認為他是千古罪人,改鮮卑武勇之風為漢人的文弱之風。你認為出現這種分歧主要是針對北魏孝文帝改革中的什么措施( )
A.均田制 B.實行科舉制
C.整頓吏治 D.漢化政策
8.北魏孝文帝改革作用顯著,下列說法不符合這一觀點的是( )
A.有利于封建化 B.有利于民族融合
C.有利于統一黃河流域 D.有利于對外貿易發展
9.北宋中期,冗官、冗兵、冗費問題出現的主要原因有( )
①政府機構重疊,官職冗濫
②軍事體系龐大,軍費開支增加
③戰爭耗費巨大,歲幣負擔沉重
④地主兼并土地,隱瞞田產并逃避稅收
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①②④ D.①③④
10.王安石變法措施中直接觸犯大官僚利益的內容是( )
A.免役法、青苗法 B.免役法、方田均稅法
C.青苗法、方田均稅法 D.方田均稅法、保甲法
11.司馬光說:“中戶以下大抵乏食……而州縣之吏督迫青苗、助役錢不也少緩,鞭笞縲紲惟恐不迨。”司馬光的話反映了( )
①變法中出現了地方官強迫百姓向官府借貸的情況
②變法中的一些不法現象成為反對派攻擊王安石變法的口實
A.①②都正確 B.①②都不正確
C.①正確,②不正確 D.①不正確,②正確
12.北宋司馬光向神宗皇帝進《彈奏王安石表》中說:“臣之于王安石,猶冰炭之不可共器,若寒暑之不可同時。”這主要是因為變法( )
A.對科舉制和學校制度進行了改革
B.用人不當,出現了危害百姓的現象
C.改革失敗,未使北宋擺脫危機
D.觸犯了大地主、大官僚的利益
13.王安石變法解決積貧“的指導思想,”因天下之力,以生天下之財,取天下之財,以供天下之費“。為此他制定了新法是( )
①青苗法 ②募役法
③免役收庸法 ④方田均稅法
A.①②③ B.②③④
C.①③④ D.①②④
14.王安石變法和北魏孝文帝改革的最根本的相同點在于( )
A.變法目的 B.變法方式
C.變法結果 D.變法影響
15.教皇在1521年發出贖罪券,贖罪券是( )
A.歐洲民眾向教會交稅的重要憑證
B.教會為聚斂錢財而采取的愚弄民眾的手段
C.教權高于世俗權力的有力證據
D.天主教在中世紀處于至高無上地位的見證
16.下列有關16世紀20年代至17世紀40年代英國宗教問題的表述,不正確的是( )
A.進行了宗教改革,建立起英國國教會
B.了“至尊法案”,規定國王為英國教會最高首腦
C.封閉了修道院
D.英國國教教徒掀起了資產階級革命
17.穆罕默德·阿里改革土地制度產生的主要作用是( )
A.廢除了包稅人的土地權
B.打擊了宗教長老勢力
C.鞏固了阿里政權的統治基礎
D.確立了土地私有制
18.1841年,奧斯曼素丹頒布敕令,對埃及和阿里進行種種限制。該敕令的頒布不能說明( )
A.阿里改革失敗與外來干涉有關
B.阿里改革最后以失敗而告終結
C.奧斯曼帝國代表社會前進方向
D.阿里改革也遭到了舊勢力反對
19.克里米亞戰爭失敗后,俄國的西歐派說:“歐洲一直在進步的道路上穩步前進,而我們卻一直停滯不前。”導致俄國停滯不前的主要原因是( )
A.文化教育落后 B.俄國軍事技術落后
C.農奴制的存在 D.專制統治的阻礙
20.列寧說:“如果總的看一看1861年俄國國家全部結構的改變,那么就必然會承認這種改變是封建君主制向資產階級君主制轉變道路上的一步。這不僅從經濟觀點來看是正確的,而且從政治觀點來看也是正確的是。”這表明農奴制改革( )
A.為資本主義發展掃清了障礙
B.確立了資產階級代議制
C.促進了俄國的近代化
D.阻止了革命在俄國的發生
21.1861年改革后,沙皇政府在城市中建立健全了地方自治機關——城市杜馬。在每四年一次的城市杜馬選舉中,凡是納稅人,不論出身和有沒有封號,一律有選舉權和被選舉權。該規定( )
A.把舊貴族排斥在地方自治機構之外
B.為城市資產階級進入地方自治機構開辟了道路
C.進一步擴大了沙皇專制統治的基礎
D.徹底掃蕩了桌勢力并適應了新興資產階級的需要
22.俄國農奴制改革的實質是( )
A.統治者自上而下的解放農奴
B.地主把土地無償還給農民
C.對落后生產關系的變革
D.促進資本主義的發展
23.1854年,日本與美國簽訂了《日美親善條約》,該條約( )
A.緩和了日本與列強的關系
B.扼制了列強對日本的侵略
C.打開閉關鎖國的日本大門
D.推遲了日本半殖民地進程
24.“尊王攘夷”和武裝倒幕的相同點不包括( )
A.都對幕府統治不滿
B.都希望實現富國強兵
C.都以“攘夷”為重心
D.領導力量和根據地基本一致
25.明治維新時期,西服流行的同時,和服被當作最華麗的禮服保留下來;酒吧多起來了,茶室依然是人們的精神凈地;西洋歌劇開始唱響,歌劇和歌舞伎也在走向興盛。這反映了當時的日本( )
A.用西方明提升國民的知識水平
B.引進西方文化以鞏固統治
C.本土文化與西方文化的多元共存
D.西方文明占據主導地位
26.中下級武士以“尊王攘夷“為口號反對現存秩序,從根本上說是因為( )
A.樹立天皇的權威
B.日本新的生產關系尚不成熟
C.列強入侵加劇了民族危機
D.幕府統治者對外妥協退讓
27.倒幕運動的內容不包括( )
A.奪取長州藩政權
B.密切同法國的關系,進口先進武器
C.爭取天皇的支持
D.聯合西南強藩倒幕
28.19世紀中期,許多與西學相關的“日本新詞”來自中國。而在20世紀初年,大量與西學相關的“日本新詞”,如勞動、方針、政策、理論等迅速傳入中國。出現這一變化的決定因素是( )
A.中國留學日本人數增多
B.中國在甲午戰爭中戰敗
C.日本明治維新成效顯著
D.日本先于中國接觸西學
29.19世紀80年代初,日本明治政府認識到“好事貪功,反而挫折人民自主獨立之氣勢,養成百事依賴政府之風習”,“其弊害大不可測”,進而采取的措施是( )
A.廢除了封建領主土地所有制
B.整頓財政金融以改善私人投資環境
C.建立“樣板”企業供私人企業效仿
D.將大量的國營企業轉讓給私人
30.在人類歷史上,很多改革者雖然付出了生命的代價,但改革的措施卻被完整地保留下來,這方面的突出典型是( )
A.商鞅變法 B.王安石變法
C.阿里改革 D.戊戌變法
二、非選擇題(40分)
31.(40分)19世紀中期的埃及、日本、中國、俄國,雖然所在地域不同,國情有異,但這些國家的有識之士先后進行了程度不同的改革。根據下列材料并結合四國改革的史實回答:
材料一 工業革命一旦在某個國家開始,現代化的壓力就形成了,迫使與它相鄰的所有國家緊緊跟上……現代化在動蕩中迅猛推進。……對被侵略地區而言,問題表明得越來越清楚,它原有的文明難以抵御歐洲國家的入侵……它遲早要使人們認識到:只有接受變革,才有可能生存。……從19世紀中葉開始,現代化躍出歐洲,向亞非大陸推進。
——摘自錢乘旦《世界現代化進程》
材料二 1888-1894年工廠蒸汽機數量變化示意圖:
工廠數 蒸汽機數
材料三 在比較洋務運動和明治維新時,有人認為:“中國變了,但變的是皮毛,不變的是體制。跟著,日本也變了,但先變的是體制,然后是皮毛。”
材料四 應向西方尋找發展的鑰匙。
——穆罕默德·阿里
請回答:
(1)19世紀50年代哪一事件的發生使俄國倍感“現代化的壓力”?為打破現代的瓶頸,“緊緊跟上”現代化浪潮,亞歷山大二世采取了什么措施?(8分)
(2)在“現代化躍出歐洲”,向亞洲推進的過程中,日本開始了明治維新。結合材料二,指出日本政府為推進工業而采取的經濟措施。(6分)
(3)結合材料三,指出材料中中國變的“皮毛”是指什么?而日本先變的是“體制”,指出明治維新政治體制改革的內容有哪些?(8分)
(4)材料四中,穆罕默德·阿里在經濟上是如何“向西方尋找發展的鑰匙”的?(6分)
(5)四國改革的共同原因有哪些?(8分)
改革是人類社會演進的重要方式之一,中外近代歷史上的改革主要有以下幾種類型:第一,改革是封建社會向資本主義社會過渡的一種形式;第二,改革是資本主義發展中自我調節的一種手段;第三,改革也是殖民地、半殖民地國家自強御侮的一種選擇。上述四國改革中哪兩個國家的改革是屬于第一類的?(4分)滿分:100分 考試時間:90分鐘 命題人:李志海
本卷可能用到的相對原子質量:H∶1 C∶12 O∶16 Na∶23
一、單項選擇題(每小題3分,共48分)
1.右圖是酷似奧林匹克旗中五環的一種有機物,被稱之為奧林匹克烴,下列說法正確的是( )
A.該有機物屬于苯的同系物
B.該有機物的一氯代物有一種
C.該有機物屬于苯的衍生物
D.該有機物完全燃燒生成H2O的物質的量小于CO2的物質的量
2.200℃時,11.6 g CO2和H2O的混合物氣體與足量的Na2O2反應,反應后固體增加了3.6 g,則原混合物的平均相對分子質量為( )
A.5.8 B.11.6 C.23.2 D.46.4
3.關于下列裝置說法正確的是( )
A.裝置①中,鹽橋中的Cl-移向ZnSO4溶液
B.裝置②工作一段時間后,b極附近溶液的pH增大
C.用裝置③精煉銅時,c極為粗銅
D.裝置④中電子由Zn流向Fe,裝置中有Fe2+生成
4.25℃時,在25 mL
0.1 mol·L-1的NaOH溶液中,逐滴加入0.2 mol·L-1的CH3COOH溶液,溶液的pH與醋酸體積關系如圖所示,下列分析正確的是( )
A.B點的橫坐標a=12.5
B.D點時溶液中有:C(CH3COO-)+C (CH3COOH)=2C(Na+)
C.C點時溶液中有:C(Na+)>C (CH3COO-)>C (H+)>C(OH-)
D.曲線上A、B間的任意一點,溶液中都有:C(CH3COO-)>C(Na+)>C(OH-)>C(H+)
5.分子式為C5H11Cl的同分異構體共有(不考慮立體異構)( )
A.5種 B.6種 C.7種 D.8種
6.下列有關有機物的說法正確的是( )
A.蠶絲中所含蛋白質是純凈物
B.制備氯乙烷(C2H5Cl)最佳方法:將乙烷和氯氣的混合氣在光照條件下反應
C.油脂通過皂化反應生成肥皂的有效成分是高級脂肪酸鈉
D.除去乙烷氣體中的少量乙烯:依次通過酸性KMnO4溶液和濃硫酸
7.在體積為0.5 L的恒容密閉容器中充入1.25mol N2和1.25mol H2,進行反應:N2(g)+3H2(g) 2NH3(g),△H=-92.4 kJ·mol-1,在不同溫度下達到平衡時測得H2的體積分數如下表所示,下列說法中不正確的是( )
T/℃ 200 300 400
H2的體積分數 a1 a2 25%
A.a1<a2
B.若反應在400℃下進行,則達到平衡時N2的轉化率為20%
C.若反應在300℃下進行,則達到平衡時反應放出的熱量為23.1 kJ
D.若反應在200℃下進行,則達到平衡時N2的體積分數為50%
8.聯合國氣候變化大會焦點議題之一是發展“低碳經濟”,減少溫室氣體排放。你認為下列做法中,不能有效減少空氣中CO2含量的是( )
A.開發利用太陽能、風能、生物能、海洋能等清潔能源
B.大城市推廣使用自行車
C.植樹造林,增加森林植被面積
D.用脫硫處理的煤代替原煤作燃料
9.下列各組變化中,化學反應的反應熱前者小于后者的一組是( )
①CH4(g)+2O2(g)===CO2(g)+2H2O(l) ΔH1;
CH4(g)+2O2(g)===CO2(g)+2H2O(g) ΔH2
②2H2(g)+O2(g)===2H2O(l) ΔH1;
H2(g)+O2(g)===H2O(l) ΔH2
③t℃時,在一定條件下,將1 mol SO2和1 mol O2分別置于恒容和恒壓的兩個密閉容器中,達到平衡狀態時放出的熱量分別為Q1、Q2
④CaCO3(s)===CaO(s)+CO2 (g) ΔH1;
CaO(s)+H2O(l)===Ca(OH)2(s) ΔH2
A.②④   B.①②③  C.②③④ D.③④
10.已知某種有機化合物的結構簡式如圖,
下列說法正確的是( )
A.該有機物的一個分子中屬于
不飽和碳原子的有6個,屬于
飽和碳原子的有8個
B.該分子能與濃溴水反應生成白色沉淀
C.1 mol該有機物與足量NaOH或H2反應,最多消耗2 mol NaOH,6 mol H2
D.推測該有機物可能發生的反應有:加成反應、氧化反應、消去反應、水解反應、酯化反應
11.用NA表示阿伏加德羅常數的數值,下列說法正確的是( )
A.25℃時,pH=12的1.0 L NaClO溶液中水電離出OH-的數目為0.01 NA
B.標準狀況下,22.4 L甲醇中含有的氧原子數為1.0 NA
C.0.1 mol乙醇中含有0.6 NA個C-H共價鍵
D.常溫、常壓下,3.5 g 所含中子數為0.1 NA
12.下列能發生的反應中,離子方程式正確的是( )
A.硫酸與氫氧化鋇溶液混合:
B.等體積、等物質的量濃度的Ba(OH)2溶液與NaHCO3溶液混合: Ba2++2OH-+2=BaCO3↓++H2O
C.等物質的量氯氣和溴化亞鐵反應:
D.次氯酸鈣溶液中通入少量SO2氣體:Ca2++2ClO-+SO2+H2O=CaSO3↓+2HClO
13.香花石由前20號元素中的6種組成,其化學式為X3Y2(ZWR4)3T2,X、Y、Z為金屬元素,Z的最外層電子數與次外層電子數相等,X、Z位于同主族,Y、Z、R、T位于同周期,R最外層電子數為次外層電子數的3倍,T無正價,X與R原子序數之和是W的2倍。下列說法錯誤的是
A.原子半徑:Y>Z>R>T
B.氣態氫化物的穩定性:W<R<T
C.最高價氧化物對應的水化物的堿性:X>Z
D.XR2和WR2兩化合物中R的化合價相同
14.在固定容積的密閉容器中,放入a mol X,發生如下反應2X(?)Y(g)+Z(s),并達到平衡狀態,此時升高溫度,氣體的密度增大。下列敘述正確的是( )
A.壓強的變化(可以通過改變容器的體積實現)對該平衡沒有影響
B.若正反應為放熱反應,則X一定為氣態
C.若X為非氣態,則正反應為放熱反應
D.若X為氣態,再向容器中充入a mol X,達到新平衡后,與第一次平衡相比,X的體積分數增大
15.下列化學原理表述正確的是( )
A.氫硫酸溶液加水稀釋,電離程度增大,H+濃度增大
B.Na2CO3溶液中滿足:c(Na+)=2c()+2c()+2c(H2CO3)
C.NaHCO3溶液不顯中性的原因:+H2O+
D.同體積同pH的鹽酸和醋酸,與足量的鋅反應,鹽酸的反應速率快,生成H2的物質的量多
16.在某容積為2L的密閉容器內,加入0.2mol的CO和0.2mol 的H2O,在催化劑存在的條件下某高溫加熱,發生如下反應:
CO(g)+H2O(g)CO2(g)+H2(g) △H=a kJ·mol(a>0)反應達到平衡后,測得 c(CO)∶c(CO2)=3∶2。下列說法不正確的是( )
A.平衡時CO的轉化率為40%
B.反應放出的熱量為0.08 akJ
C.該溫度下的化學平衡常數為
D.若將容器的體積壓縮為1 L,CO的平衡濃度變為0.12 mol/L
二、非選擇題(本題包括6小題,共52分)
17.(13分)A、B、C、D、E是五種短周期元素,原子序數依次增大。前四種元素的原子序數之和是E的原子序數的2倍。B是形成化合物種類最多的元素,D元素的最外層電子數是次外層電子數的3倍。E的陽離子與D的陰離子都比A的陽離子多2個電子層。回答下列問題:
(1)D在周期表中位于第 周期第 族。
(2)A、D、E三種元素簡單離子半徑由大到小的順序是(用相應的元素稱號表示) 。
(3)由D、E兩種元素形成的具有強氧化性的固體中存在的化學鍵類型有 。
(4)寫出含D質量分數最高的氫化物的電子式 。
(5)A、C、D以原子個數比4∶2∶3形成的化合物,其水溶液的pH 7(填“>”、“<”、“=”),原因是(用離子方程式表示) 。
18.(14分)工業上用CO生產燃料甲醇。一定條件下發生反應:CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(g)。
(1)該反應的平衡常數表達式為:K=
(2)圖甲是反應時CO和CH3OH(g)的濃度隨時間的變化情況。從反應開始到平衡,用CO濃度變化表示的平均反應速率v(CO)= 。
(3)適宜的催化劑能 (選填序號)。
a.改變反應的熱效應 b.降低生產能耗
c.加快反應速率 d.提高反應物的轉化率
(4)在2 L密閉容器中發生反應CO(g)+2H2(g) CH3OH(g) 若T℃時,加入2mol CH3OH,反應達平衡后,生成CO 1 mol,此時向容器中同時加入2 mol的CH3OH和4mol的H2混合氣體(保持溫度不變),則平衡將 (填“向正反應方向”、“向逆反應方向”或“不”)移動,達到新平衡后平衡常數K的值為 。
(5)恒容條件下,下列措施中能使n(CH3OH)/n(CO)增大的有
(選填序號)。
a.升高溫度 b.使用催化劑
c.再充入2mol H2 d.再充入1mol CO
(6)甲醇可與氧氣構成燃料電池,該電池用多孔的惰性電極浸入濃氫氧化鉀溶液,寫出該電池的負極反應式:
____________________________________________________。
19.(10分)草酸亞鐵晶體(FeC2O3·2H2O)在醫藥行業可用做補血劑,也可用于制備鋰離子電池的正極材料磷酸亞鐵鋰(LiFePO2),FeC2O4·2H2O加熱至590℃時發生分解反應:FeC2O4·2H2O FeO+CO2↑+CO↑+2H2O,甲同學設計了下圖實驗裝置(部分夾持裝置未列出)檢驗該反應生成的CO2,CO和水蒸氣。
(1)裝置B中盛裝的藥品是 。
(2)裝置C的作用是 。
(3)裝置E中發生反應的化學方程式為 ,能說明草酸亞鐵晶體受熱分解產生的氣體中含有CO的現象是 。
(4)寫出一種尾氣處理的方法: 。
(5)乙同學將裝置F中的澄清石灰水換成新制的銀氮溶液,反應一段時間后,觀察到F的試管中生成大量的單質銀顆粒,寫出該反應的方程式: 。
20.(15分)相對分子質量為92的某芳香烴X是一種重要的有機化工原料,研究部門以它為初始原料設計出如下轉化關系圖(部分產物、合成路線、反應條件略去)。其中A是一氯代物,H是一種功能高分子,鏈節組成為C7H5NO。
已知:Ⅰ.
Ⅱ.
(苯胺,易被氧化)
請根據所學知識與本題所給信息回答下列問題:
⑴H的結構簡式是 ;
⑵反應②、③的類型分別是 , 。
⑶反應⑤的化學方程式是__________________________;
⑷阿司匹林最多消耗 mol NaOH;
⑸有多種同分異構體,其中含有1個醛基和2個羥基的芳香族化合物共有 種;
⑹請用合成反應流程圖表示出由A和其他無機物合成最合理的方案(不超過4步)。
例:
CO
能量/kJ/mol
1molCO
+2molH2
1molCH3OH(g)
419
510
a
b
反應過程


E F
澄清
石灰水
尾氣
處理
N
O
2
Fe/HCl
N
H
2時間:90分鐘 滿分:100分 命題人:饒忠平
一、選擇題(每小題4分,共40分.全部選對的得4分,選不全的得2分,有選錯或不答的得0分.)
1.交流發電機的線圈轉至線圈平面與中性面重合時,下列說法正確的是( )
A.磁場方向和線圈平面平行 B.電流將改變方向
C.線圈的感應電動勢最大 D.線圈的磁通量最小
2.線圈在勻強磁場中勻速轉動,產生
交變電流的圖像如圖所示,由圖中可
知( )
A.在A和C時刻線圈處于中性面位置
B.在B和D時刻穿過線圈的磁通量為零
C.在A~D時刻線圈轉過的角度為2
D.若從O~D時刻經過0.02s,則在1s內交變電流的方向改變100次
3.當正弦交變電流發電機的線圈平面與磁感線成60°角時,電流瞬時值為為0.5A,則該電流的有效值是( )
A.1A B.A C.A D.A
4.關于電感線圈對交變電流的影響,下列的說法正確的是( )
A.電感線圈不能通直流電流,只能通交變電流
B.電感線圈對各種不同頻率的交變電流的阻礙作用相同
C.同一只電感線圈對頻率低的交變電流的阻礙較小
D.同一只電感線圈對頻率高的交變電流的阻礙較小
5.一理想變壓器的原線圈連接一只交流電流表,副線圈接入電路的匝數可以通過觸頭Q調節,如下圖所示。在副線圈兩輸出端連接了定值電阻R0和滑動變阻器R,在原線圈上加一電壓為U的交流電,則( )
A.保持Q位置不動,將P向上滑動時,電流表的讀數變大
B.保持Q位置不動,將P向上滑動時,電流表的讀數變小
C.保持P位置不動,將Q向上滑動時,電流表的讀數變大
D.保持P位置不動,將Q向上滑動時,電流表的讀數變小
6.如圖所示,R 1為定值電阻,R 2為負溫度系數的熱敏電阻(負溫度系數熱敏電阻是指阻值隨溫度的升高而減小的熱敏電阻),L為小燈泡,當溫度降低時( )
A.R 1兩端的電壓增大
B.電流表的示數增大
C.小燈泡的亮度變強
D.小燈泡的亮度變弱
7.用多用電表的同一檔位測量熱敏電阻和光敏電阻的阻值時,下列說法正確的是 ( )
A.測熱敏電阻時,溫度越高,多用電表指針偏角越大
B.測熱敏電阻時,溫度越高,多用電表指針偏角越小
C.測光敏電阻時,光照越弱,多用電表指針偏角越大
D.測光敏電阻時,光照越弱,多用電表指針偏角越小
8.關于一列簡諧波,下面說法中正確的是( )
A.波動的產生需要兩個條件,即波源和傳播波的介質
B.波動過程是質點由近向遠傳遞的過程
C.波動過程是能量傳遞的過程
D.波動過程中質點本身隨波遷移
9.關于波速,下列說法中正確的是( )
A.反映了振動在介質中傳播的快慢
B.反映了介質中質點振動的快慢
C.波速由介質決定與波源無關
D.反映了介質中質點遷移的快慢
10.如圖所示是一列橫波在某一時刻的波形圖,波沿x軸正向傳播,波速是18 m/s,那么它的( )
A.波長是6cm,頻率是1/3Hz
B.波長是8m,頻率是9/4Hz
C.波長是10cm,頻率是1.8Hz
D.波長是8cm,頻率是4/9Hz
二、填空題(每空2分,共18分)
11.有一振源可產生周期是10-3的波,并能在介質中以300m/s的速度傳播,這列波的頻率是 Hz,波長是 m.
12.右圖為一列橫波在某一時刻的波形圖,若此時質點Q的速度方向沿y軸負方向,則
(1)波的傳播方向是______;
(2)若P開始振動時,N已
振動了0.02 s,則該波的頻率為______Hz,波速是______cm/s.
13.下圖所示是一列沿x軸負方向傳播的波在某一時刻的波形圖,此時B點速度方向是______,C點的加速度方向是______.
14.如圖所示,理想變壓器原副線圈匝數比為n1∶n2=4∶1,原線圈 回路中的電阻A與副線圈回路中的負載電阻B的阻值相等。a、b端加一定交變電壓后,兩電阻的電功率之比 ,兩電阻兩端電壓之比 。
三、計算題(每小題10分,共42分)
15.(10分)10匝線圈在勻強磁場中勻速轉動產生交變電動勢e=(V),求線圈從中性面開始轉過180°過程中,感應電動勢的平均值和最大值之比.
16.(10分)一座小型發電站的輸出功率是20 kW,輸電線路總電阻是5,若輸電電壓是400 V,輸電線路損耗的功率是多少?
17.(10分)如圖所示,變壓器原線圈n1=800匝,副線圈n2=200匝,燈泡A標有“10 V,2 W”,電動機D的線圈電阻為1,將交變電流u=加到理想變壓器原線圈兩端,燈泡恰能正常發光,求:
(1)副線圈兩端電壓(有效值);
(2)電動機D的電功率.
18.(12分)如圖17-10所示,線圈abcd的面積是0.05m2,共100匝;線圈電阻為1,外拉電阻R=9,勻強磁場的磁感強度為B=T,當線圈以300 r/min的轉速勻速旋轉時,求:
(1)若從線圈處于中性面開始計時,寫出線圈中感應電動勢的瞬時值表達式;
(2)電路中電壓表和電流表的示數各是多少?滿分:150分 時間:150分鐘 命題人:黃秀臻
第Ⅰ卷 (選擇題 共36分)
一、基礎知識題(每小題3分,共18分)
1.下列詞語中加點的字,注音全對的一項是( )
A.鼙(pín)鼓 潺湲(chán yuán)
躑躅(zhí zhú) 玉箸(zhù)
B.衾(jīn)枕 門楣(méi)
鷓(zhè)鴣 祠(cí)堂
C.玉扃(jiōng) 聯袂(mèi)
玉簟(diàn) 鬢(bìn)發
D.迤邐(yǐ lǐ) 九嶷(yín)
綢繆(móu) 倏(shū)忽
2.下列詞語中,沒有錯別字的一組是( )
A.斑斕 貪臟枉法 好高騖遠 孽根禍胎
B.包涵 黯然消魂 萍水相逢 棉里藏針
C.遐想 披星戴月 拭目以待 恍然大悟
D.嘔歌 義憤填膺 貌和神離 湮沒無聞
3.依次填入下列各句橫線處的詞語,最恰當的一組是( )
①中學生處在生長發育階段,諸多的心理問題,需要家長和老師認真地加以 ,以便學生能夠健康成長。
②當公安人員向他了解犯罪分子情況時,他說話顯得很 ,但最后在正義的感召下,說出了犯罪分子犯罪的全過程。
③祥林嫂講起阿毛的故事,打動了許多婦女的心,她們 傷感,落淚。
A.疏通 隱晦 無不 B.疏導 隱晦 不無
C.疏通 隱諱 不無 D.疏導 隱諱 無不
4.下列各句中加點的成語使用不恰當的一項是( )
A.道德是一切制度運行的社會土壤,道德與法律在一個國家的文明框架中,唇齒相依,缺一不可。
B.上屆冠軍挪威隊以全勝戰績出現,表現十分出色,其衛冕雄心及雄厚實力令人刮目相看。
C.傳統節日是一宗重大而特殊的民族文化遺產,其文化內涵和相關習俗不應該與現代社會格格不入。
D.將往昔林林總總的記憶吐露在紙上,我意識到完成了我生活中最重要的行動,我注定為回憶而生。
5.下列各句中,沒有語病的一項是( )
A.近年來,面對國內彩電市場嚴重滯銷的不利形勢,長虹電器集團積極更新技術并提升售后服務質量,恪守“韌性、信心、開放”的創新觀念,在競爭中一下子取得了優勢地位。
B.海洋國家依賴對外貿易,國家安全范圍不僅取決于主權所不及的海洋和貿易區域的秩序,還取決于本土治理。這是海洋國家把海權作為戰略重點的根本原因。
C.說起成都以及附近游玩的地方,非常的多,但是幾乎都離不開歷史二字,這個巴蜀文化重鎮,發生過多少歷史事件,有多少歷史人物曾在這里上演了傳奇的人生大戲。
D.據記者了解,為了維持房價數據的“穩定”,部分一線城市對高價房暫停發放預售許可證,使高價房無法入市銷售,低價房源則加大入市,從而拉低了新房的平均成交價格。
6、下列有關名著的說明,正確的一項是( )
A.在《紅樓夢》里,大觀園成立了一個詩社——怡紅社,其中成員有稻香老農(李紈)、瀟湘妃子(林黛玉)、蘅蕪君(薛寶釵)、怡紅公子(賈寶玉)、蕉下客(賈探春)、菱洲(賈迎春)、藕榭(賈惜春)。
B.“滾滾長江東逝水,浪花淘盡英雄。是非成敗轉頭空。青山依舊在,幾度夕陽紅。”這是《三國演義》的作者羅貫中寫的開篇詞。
C.堂吉訶德夢中行俠仗義,揮劍到處亂刺,把客店里盛滿紅酒的皮袋當作巨人給刺破了。紅酒像血一樣四處流淌。桑丘以為是主人砍下了巨人的腦袋,還說這客店中了魔法。店主人氣得詛咒:“誰戳破了我的酒袋,叫他的靈魂到地獄里泡著去!”
D.《巴黎圣母院》克洛德暗中跟蹤弗比斯,當他看到弗比斯同愛斯梅拉達親熱地幽會時,不禁妒火中燒,趁機刺傷了弗比斯。但他反而嫁禍于愛斯梅拉達,在法庭上編造了所謂巫術的謊言,聲稱是愛斯梅拉達運用巫術伙同她的小山羊刺殺了弗比斯。并對她進行嚴刑逼供,愛斯梅拉達寧死不屈,最后被判處絞刑。
二、現代文閱讀(每小題3分,共9分)
閱讀下面的文字,完成7~9題。
傳統文化是中國教育的歷史基礎
程方平
傳統文化就是文明演化而匯集成的一種反映民族特質和風貌的民族文化,是民族歷史上各種思想文化、觀念形態的總體表征。進入21世紀,在全球教育的改革與發展中,本土傳統文化的價值進一步凸現,成為構建各國教育特色的重要基礎。此時適逢中國近代教育走過百年歷程,如何傳承與發展本土文化已成為社會關注的焦點,相關的理論爭鳴與各類嘗試風起云涌,故需要認真思考和積極探索來規范和引領未來的教育發展,為建設具有中國特色和世界意義的教育體系,為中國的教育改革奠定重要的歷史基礎。
中國教育尊重傳統,不僅在思想和精神領域重視“道統”,各行各業的人才培養和標準規范都非常關注對傳統的繼承與發展。然而,自百年前開始,在西方模式和標準的影響下,我們的教育缺少自信,我們以往用于反思和自省的自我批評變成了盲目和全盤自我否定的依據。歷經1300年探索實踐的科舉制度,就有許多可資借鑒的遺產。國外的研究與實踐非常認同中國的科舉對文官制度的影響,認為這是中國在制度文明上對世界的重大貢獻,體現了人才評價選拔方面最公平合理的實踐探索。再從中小學的語文、數學教學來看,中國的傳統在形式、內容、方法、觀念和評價等方面,相對于源自西方的各類教學法,許多方面更適合于中國學生及中國知識的具體情況。百年來的教育實踐證明,中國的傳統教育絕非可以簡單地用機械灌輸來概括,中國歷史上人才輩出亦是與中國教育的傳統息息相關。
在中國教育傳統的思想與實踐中,不僅有“有教無類”、“教學相長”、“因材施教”、“知行合一”、“活到老,學到老”等與西方教育源流和現代教育理念相似、相通的原創教育思想,也有獨具特色的家學、書院、師徒制、耕讀習俗、學術爭鳴、樹立思想流派的傳統等。中國教育傳統中永恒的、富有創新潛力的價值早已受到國外思想家、教育家的深切關注,不僅數百年前影響了法國思想家伏爾泰,近年來創立“多元智能”理論的哈佛教授加德納也多次強調他的思想曾借鑒了中國的教育傳統。可見,中國教育傳統的精髓需要國人認真反思、汲取和弘揚,全面否定和淺嘗輒止均是對歷史、民族與未來不負責任、缺乏基本文化素養的表現。需要銘記的是,一個不知道尊重自己傳統的民族難以受到其他民族尊重,也難以真正自信、自強。傳承和弘揚本國、本民族的傳統文化并非機械地重復和照搬,更不能僅僅滿足于對經典的死記硬背。容納、繼承和弘揚傳統文化不僅在其“形”,更重要的是其“神”,即中國傳統的內在精神、思維方式和篤行實踐。每個時代都應有對歷史、現實和未來的認真審視和深遠思考,并以此來指引實踐,找到更適合自身發展的路徑。
(節選自2011年7月6日《中國社會科學報》,有改動)
7.下列關于“傳統文化”的表述,不符合原文意思的一項是( )
A.傳統文化是指某個民族在其文明發展歷史上的各種思想、觀念的總體表征。
B.傳統文化屬于一種民族文化,它集中反映了這個民族的特質和風貌。
C.傳統文化是世界各國在教育改革與發展中,構建自己教育特色的重要基礎。
D.傳統文化對中國教育發展可起到規范和引領作用,否則中國教育就缺少了特色。
8.下列各項,不屬于“中國教育尊重傳統”的一項是( )
A.中國教育在思想和精神領域重視“道統”.在人才培養和標準規范方面也非常關注對傳統的繼承與發展。
B.中國的中小學的語文、數學教學,在形式、內容、方法、觀念和評價等方面更適合于中國學生及中國知識的具體情況。
C.中國教育既注重“有教無類”、“教學相長”等教育思想,也有家學、書院、師徒制等教育傳統。
D.中國教育傳統中永恒的、富有創新潛力的價值,早己受到國外思想家、教育家的深切關注,并產生了積極的影響。
9.下列表述,符合原文意思的一項是( )
A.科舉制度,在評價選拔人才方面是最公平合理的,是中國傳統文化對世界的重大貢獻,需要我們重視繼承和發揚光大。
B.中國教育傳統中永恒的、富有創新潛力的價值影響了法國思想家伏爾泰,哈佛教授加德納電是借鑒中國的教育傳統創立了“多元智能”理論。
C.中國教育的傳統需要我們尊重和弘揚,全面否定和淺嘗輒止都是不對的,都是缺乏基本文化素養的表現。
D.傳承和弘揚傳統文化不能靠對經典的死記硬背,不能機械地重復和照搬,而重在傳承弘揚其內在精神、思維方式和篤行實踐。
三、閱讀下面的文言文,回答10~13題。
鄭當時者,字莊,陳人也。其先鄭君嘗為項籍將;籍死,已而屬漢。高祖令諸故項籍臣名籍,鄭君獨不奉詔。詔盡拜名籍者為大夫,而逐鄭君。鄭君死孝文時。
  鄭莊以任俠自喜,脫張羽于厄,聲聞梁楚之間。孝景時,為太子舍人。每五日洗沐,常事驛馬長安諸郊,存諸故人,請謝賓客,夜以繼日,至其明旦,常恐不遍。莊好黃老之言,其慕長者如恐不見。年少官薄,然其游知交皆其大父行,天下有名之士也。武帝立,莊稍遷為魯中尉、濟南太守、江都相,至九卿為右內史。以武安侯、魏其時議,貶秩為詹事,遷為大農令。
  莊為太史,誡門下:“客至,無貴賤無留門者。”執賓主之禮,以其貴下人。莊廉,又不治其產業,仰奉賜以給諸公。然其饋遺人,不過算器食。每朝,候上之間,說未嘗不言天下之長者。其推轂士及官屬丞史,誠有味其言之也,常引以為賢于己。未嘗名吏,與官屬言,若恐傷之。聞人之善言進之上唯恐后山東士諸公以此翕然稱鄭莊。
  鄭莊使視決河,自請治行五日。上曰:“吾聞‘鄭莊行,千里不赍糧’,請治行者何也?”然鄭莊在朝,常趨和承意,不敢甚引當否。及晚節,漢征匈奴,招四夷,天下費多,財用益匱。莊任人賓客為大農僦人,多逋負。司馬安為淮陽太守,發其事,莊以此陷罪,贖為庶人。頃之,守長史。上以為老,以莊為汝南太守。數歲,以官卒。
10.下列句子中加點詞的解釋,不正確的一項是( )
A.其先鄭君嘗為項籍將 先:祖先
B.常事驛馬長安諸郊,存諸故人  存:存放
C.鄭莊使視決河,自請治行五日  視:視察
D.司馬安為淮陽太守,發其事   發:檢舉揭發
11.下列各組句子中,加點詞的意義和用法相同的一組是( )
A.詔盡拜名籍者為大夫,而逐鄭君/君子博學而日參省乎己
B.與官屬言,若恐傷之/若舍鄭以為東道主
C.以武安侯、魏其時議/臣以險釁,夙遭憫兇
D.頃之,守長史/所以遣將守關者,備他盜之出入與非常也
12.下列用“/”給文中劃線部分斷句,正確的一項是( )
A.聞人之善/言進之/上唯恐后山東士/諸公以此翕然稱鄭莊。
B.聞人之善/言進之上/唯恐后山東士/諸公以此翕然稱鄭莊。
C.聞人之善言/進之上/唯恐后山東士諸公/以此翕然稱鄭莊。
D.聞人之善言/進之上/唯恐后/山東士諸公以此翕然稱鄭莊。
第Ⅱ卷 (非選擇題 共114分)
四、(共28分)
13.翻譯下列句子。(每句4分,共12分)
(1)鄭莊以任俠自喜,脫張羽于厄,聲聞梁楚之間。
譯文:
(2)年少官薄,然其游知交皆其大父行,天下有名之士也
譯文:
(3)及晚節,漢征匈奴,招四夷,天下費多,財用益匱。
譯文:
14.閱讀下面這首宋詞,然后回答問題。(8分)
采桑子·扁舟去作江南客
朱敦儒
扁舟去作江南客,旅雁孤云。萬里煙塵,回首中原淚滿巾。
碧山對晚汀洲冷,楓葉蘆根。日落波平,愁損辭鄉去國人。
[注]本詞作于金兵南侵中原淪陷后詞人離開故鄉洛陽南下避難,途徑今江西彭澤縣的彭浪磯時。
(1)請指出“扁舟去作江南客,旅雁孤云”中運用的修辭手法及其表達作用。(4分)
答:
(2)請結合全詞,簡要概括作者所抒發的思想感情。(4分)
答:
15.補寫出下列空缺部分。(8分)
①出師未捷身先死, 。(杜甫《蜀相》)
② ,兩朝開濟老臣心。(杜甫《蜀相》)
③心非木石豈無感? 。(鮑照《擬行路難》)
④ ,各自東西南北流。(鮑照《擬行路難》)
⑤裊裊兮秋風, 。(屈原《湘夫人》)
⑥ ,一種相思,兩處閑愁。(李煜《一剪梅》)
⑦天長地久有時盡, 。(白居易《長恨歌》)
⑧出師一表真名世, 。(陸游《書憤》)
五、閱讀下面的文字,完成16-19題。(共21分)
啞巴與春天
遲子建
①最懼怕春風的,莫過于積雪了。
②春風像一把巨大的笤帚,悠然掃著大地的積雪。它一天天地掃下去,積雪就變薄了。這時云雀來了,陽光的觸角也變得柔軟了,冰河激情地迸裂,流水之聲悠然重現,嫩綠的草芽頂破向陽山坡的腐殖土,達子香花如朝霞一般,東一簇西一簇地點染著山林,春天有聲有色地來了。
③我的童年春光記憶,是與一個老啞巴聯系在一起的。
④在一個偏僻而又冷寂的小鎮,一個有缺陷的生命,他的名字就像秋日蝴蝶的羽翼一樣脆弱,漸漸地被風和寒冷給摧折了。沒人記得他的本名,大家都叫他老啞巴。他有四五十歲的樣子,出奇地黑,出奇地瘦,脖子長長的,那上面裸露的青筋常讓我聯想到是幾條蚯蚓橫七豎八地匍匐在那里。老啞巴在生產隊里喂牲口,一早一晚的,常能聽見他鍘草的聲音,嚓——嚓嚓,那聲音像女人用刀刮著新鮮的魚鱗,又像男人掄著銳利的斧子在劈柴。我和小伙伴去生產隊的草垛躲貓貓時,常能看見他。老啞巴用鐵耙子從草垛摟下一捆一捆的草,拎到鍘刀旁。本來這草是沒有生氣的,但因為有一扇鍘刀橫在那兒,就覺得這草是活物,而老啞巴成了劊子手,他的那雙手令人膽寒。我們見著老啞巴,就老是想逃跑。可他誤以為我們把草垛蹬散了他會捉我們問責,為了表示支持我們躲貓貓,他揮舞著雙臂,搖著頭,做出無所謂的姿態。見我們仍驚惶地不敢靠前,他就本能地大張著嘴,想通過呼喊挽留我們。但見他喉結急劇蠕動,嗓子里發出“呃呃”的如被噎住似的沉重的氣促聲,卻說不出一句話來。
⑤老啞巴是勤懇的,他除了鍘草、喂牲口之外,還把生產隊的場院打掃得干干凈凈。冬天打掃的是雪,夏天打掃能是草屑、廢紙和雨天時牲畜從田間帶回的泥土。他晚上就住在挨著牲口棚的一間小屋里。也許人啞了,連鼾聲都發不出來,人們說他睡覺時無聲無息的。老啞巴很愛花,春天時,他在場院的圍欄旁播上幾行花籽,到了夏天,五顏六色的花不僅把暗淡陳舊的圍欄裝點出了生機,還把蜜蜂和蝴蝶也招來了。就是那些過路的人見了那些花兒,也要多望上幾眼,說,這老啞巴種的花可真鮮亮啊,他娶不上媳婦,一定是把花當媳婦給伺候和愛惜著了!
⑥有一年春天,生產隊接到一個任務,要為一座大城市的花園挖上幾千株的達子香花。活兒來得太急,人手不夠,隊長讓老啞巴也跟著上山了。老啞巴很高興,因為他是愛花的。達子香花才開,它們把山巒映得紅一片粉一片的。老啞巴看待花的眼神是挖花的人中最溫柔的。晚上,社員們就宿在山上的帳篷里。由于那頂帳篷只有一道長長的通鋪,男女只能睡在一起。隊長本想在通鋪中央掛上一塊布簾,使男女分開,但帳篷里沒有簾子。于是,隊長就讓老啞巴充當簾子,睡在中間,他的左側是一溜兒女人,右側則是清一色的男人。老啞巴開始抗議著,他一次次地從中央地帶爬起,但又一次次地在大家的嬉笑聲中被按回原處。后來,他終于安靜了。后半夜,有人起夜時,聽見了老啞巴發出的隱約哭聲。
⑦從山上歸來后,老啞巴還在生產隊里鍘草。一早一晚的,仍能聽見鍘刀“嚓——嚓嚓——”的聲響,只不過聲音不如以往清脆,不是鍘刀鈍了,就是他的氣力不比從前了。那一年,他沒有在場院的圍欄前種花,也不愛打掃院子,常蜷在個角落里打瞌睡。隊長嫌他老了,學會偷懶了,打發了他。他從哪里來,是沒人知道的,就像我們不知他扛著行李卷又會到哪里去一樣。我們的小鎮仍如從前一樣,經歷著人間的生離死別和大自然的風霜雨雪,達子香花依然在春天時靜悄悄地綻放,依然有接替老啞巴的人一早一晚地為牲口鍘著草料,但我們總覺得少了點什么。原來這小鎮是少了一個沉默的人——
⑧一個永遠無法在春天中歌唱的人!
(選自《散文選刊》2011年第3期,有改動)
16.按要求回答問題。(5分)
(1)說說“最懼怕春風的,莫過于積雪了”中“積雪”的含義。(2分)
答:
(2)“老啞巴看待花的眼神是挖花的人中最溫柔的”一句,表達了老啞巴什么樣的情感?(3分)
答:
17.老啞巴的“春天”指的是什么?請分條概括。(4分)
答:
8.第②⑥⑦節各有一處描寫了達子香花,請簡要分析第三處在文章中的作用。(6分)
答:
19.老啞巴與《祝福》中的祥林嫂有許多相似之處,請加以探究。(6分)
答:
六、作文(65分)
20.(15分)
一個人受到不應該有的指責或待遇,心里就會難過,在心理學上這叫作“委屈”。生活中人人都受到過委屈,這委屈來自上級領導、上司、老師、父母、兄弟姐妹、同學、同事、朋友……你在生活中肯定也受到過委屈,現在就把你曾經受過的委屈寫出來,一吐為快。要求:(1)運用第一人稱,寫自己的委屈。(2)運用比喻、排比兩種修辭手法。(3)結構相對完整,語言簡明、連貫、得體。(4)不少于200字。
21.閱讀下面的文字,根據要求作文。(50分)
曾經有人問在大街上散步的羅丹:什么是藝術?杰出的雕塑家毫不猶豫地回答:“減去多余的部分。”簡單的回答,卻能給我們許多啟示,想一想,我們許多時候不正需要減去多余的部分嗎?
請以“減去多余的部分”為題目,寫一篇議論文。要求:選擇一個角度構思作文,自主確定立意,不要套作,不得抄襲,不少于700字。總分:150分 時間:120分鐘 命題人:程灶根
一、選擇題(本大題共10小題,每小題5分,共50分)
1.橢圓的焦點坐標是( )
A.(1,0) B.(,0) C.(0,1) D.(0,)
2.拋物線的準線方程( )
A.x=-2 B.x=2 C.y=-2 D.y=2
3.已知F1、F2是橢圓的兩個焦點,過F1的直線交橢圓于M、N兩點,則△MNF2的周長為( )
A.10 B.16 C.20 D.32
4.過拋物線的焦點作直線交拋物線于A(x1,y1)、B(x2,y2)兩點,如果x1+x2=6,那么|AB|等于( )
A.10 B.8 C.6 D.4
5.下列各式正確的是( )
A.(a為常數) B.
C. D.
6.過曲線上一點P的切線的斜率為4,則P的坐標為( )
A. B.或
C. D.
7.設函數,則等于( )
A. B. C. D.
8.已知M為拋物線上一動點,F為拋物線焦點,定點P(3,1),則的最小值為( )
A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6
9.設雙曲線的一個焦點為F,虛軸一個端點為B,如果直線FB與該雙曲線的一條漸近線垂直,那么雙曲線的離心率為( )
A. B. C. D.
10.拋物線的焦點F,準線l,交x軸于R,過拋物線上一點P(4,4)作PQ⊥l于Q,則梯形PFRQ的面積是( )
A.12 B.14 C.16 D.18
二、填空題(每小題5分,共25分)
11.如果橢圓上一點P到焦點F1的距離等于6,則點P到另一個焦點F2的距離是
12.拋物線的焦點坐標 ,準線方程
13.函數在x=1處導數是
14.已知,則=
15.已知直線l:與拋物線相切,則a=
三、解答題:(本大題共6小題,滿分75分,要求寫出必要的步驟和過程)
16.(本小題滿分12分)計算下列函數的導數:
(1); (2);
(3); (4).
17.(本小題滿分12分)已知橢圓,求以點P(2,-1)為中點的弦所在直線方程.
18.(本小題滿分12分)已知F1、F2分別是雙曲線的左右焦點,P是雙曲線上一點,且∠F1PF2=120°,求△F1PF2的面積.
19.(本小題滿分12分)已知曲線上一點P,求:
(1)點P處的切線的斜率;
(2)點P處的切線方程.
20.(本小題滿分13分)已知拋物線過點P(1,1)且Q點
(2,-1)處與直線相切,求實數a、b、c的值.
21.(本小題滿分14分)已知橢圓C:(a>b>0)的離心率為,短軸一個端點到右焦點的距離為,
(1)求橢圓C的方程;
(2)設直線l與橢圓C交于A、B兩點,坐標原點O到直線l的距離為,求△AOB面積的最大值.總分:150分 時間:120分鐘 命題人:陳翔
一、選擇題(本題共12小題,每小題5分,共60分)
1.滿足f′(x)=f(x)的函數是( )
A.f (x)=1-x B.f (x)=x C.f (x)=0 D.f (x)=1
2.已知函數,若過點A(0,16)的直線方程為,與曲線相切,則實數的值是( )
A. B. C.6 D.9
3.函數y=sin2x的導數為( )
A.=sin2x+2cos2x B.=+cos2x
C.=+cos2x D.=2-cos2x
4.已知曲線的一條切線的斜率為,則該切線的切點橫坐標為( )
A. B. C. D.
5.一質點沿直線運動,如果由始點起經過t秒后的位移為,那么速度為零的時刻是( )
A.1秒 B.1秒末和2秒末 C.4秒末 D.2秒末和4秒末
6.過點作拋物線的切線,則其中一條切線的方程為( )
A. B. C. D.
7.已知函數(m為常數)在區間上有最大值是3,那么,此函數在上的最小值為( )
A. B. C. D.
8.函數的單調遞減區間為( )
A. B. C. D.
9.設函數,若對于任意,恒成立,則實數m的取值范圍為( )
A. B. C. D.
10.已知某生產廠家的年利潤(單位:萬元)與年產量(單位:萬件)的函數關式為,則使該生產廠家獲取最大年利潤的年產量為( )
A.  B.  C. D.
11.已知對R,函數都滿足,且當時,,則( )
A. B.
C. D.
12.右圖是某一函數在第一象限內的圖像,則該函數的解析式可能是( )
A.
B.
C.
D.
二、填空題:(本大題共4小題,每小題4分,共16分)
13.若曲線的一條切線方程為,則實數的值為
14.已知函數的導函數為,且,則=
15.函數的單調減區間為
16.過曲線上一點P的切線平行與直線,則切點的坐標

三、解答題(第17、18、19、20、21每小題12分,22題14分,共74分,要求寫出必要的步驟和過程)
17.求拋物線 過點(4,)的切線方程.
18.若f(x)=ax4+bx2+c得圖象過點P(0,1),且在x=1處的切線方程為
x-y-2=0,求函數y=f(x)的解析式.
19.已知函數,在[-2,2]上最小值為3,最大值為-17,
求k、b的值.
20.函數f(x)=x3+ax2+bx+c,過曲線y=f(x)上的點P(1,f(1))的切線方程為
y=3x+1,
(1)若y=f(x)在x=-2時有極值,求f(x)的表達式;
(2)在(1)的條件下,求y=f(x)在[-3,1]上的最大值;
(3)若函數y=f(x)在區間[-2,1]上單調遞增,求實數b的取值范圍.
21.已知函數,
(1)判斷函數在區間上極值點情形及個數;
(2)當時,若關于x的不等式恒成立,求實數a的取值范圍.
22.統計表明,某種型號的汽車在勻速行駛中每小時耗油量y(升)關于行駛速度x(千米/小時)的函數解析式可以表示為:y=x2-x+8 (0<x≤120).已知甲、乙兩地相距100千米,
(1)當汽車以40千米/小時的速度勻速行駛時,從甲地到乙地要耗油多少升?
(2)當汽車以多大的速度勻速行駛時,從甲地到乙地耗油最少?最少為多少升?
2,4,6時間:90分鐘 滿分:100分 命題人:廖金波
一、單項選擇題(每小題2分,共60分)
1.哲學并不是高高地懸浮于空中的思想樓閣,生活中處處有哲學。下列關于哲學的認識正確的是( )
①哲學是一門給人智慧、使人聰明的學問
②哲學源于人們對實踐的追問和對世界的思考
③世界上只有絕頂聰明的人才可能擁有哲學思想
④哲學為人們的生活和實踐提供了積極有益的指導
A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④
2.2011年3月23日,日本核電站事故發生在12天后,中國自然辯證法研究會就舉辦了“核安全與社會協調發展”高峰學術論壇。在會議上,各個領域的專家學者都非常關注日本核泄漏事態發展情況,他們從各自專業角度談及自己的思考,并表達出對中國核電發展的擔憂。這說明哲學( )
①產生于人們的實踐活動
②為滿足人們的好奇心而產生
③源于人們對實踐的追問和對世界的思考
④產生于人們的主觀情緒
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
3.哲學是系統化理論化的世界觀。以下屬于哲學層面的意識現象是( )
A.民間的“實惠”思想
B.《老子》的思想
C.歐幾里得《幾何原本》的思想
D.《本草綱目》的思想
4.“推動哲學家前進的,絕不像他們所想象的那樣,只是純粹思想和力量。恰恰相反,真正推動他們前進的,主要是自然科學和工業的強大而且日益迅猛的進步。”這說明( )
A.具體科學是哲學的基礎
B.哲學為具體科學研究提供世界觀和方法論
C.哲學的發展推動著具體科學的進步
D.哲學是“科學之科學”
5.哲學與具體科學的關系是( )
A.決定作用與反作用的關系 B.整體與部分的關系
C.全局與局部的關系 D.一般與特殊的關系
6.甲、乙兩人2011年高考均失利落榜。甲認為,高考落榜是天命所致,應順應天命,另謀其他出路;乙認為,事在人為,沒有過不去的坎,重新選擇高考復讀。由此可見( )
①世界觀決定方法論
②哲學源于對實踐問題的思考
③生活需要科學世界觀的指導
④學習哲學是走向成功的關鍵
A.①② B.③④ C.①③ D.②④
7.孟子和王夫之都是我國古代著名的思想家。孟子提出“萬物皆備于我”;王夫之提出“氣者,理之依也”。這兩種思想的共同點是( )
A.都承認客觀事物及其整個世界依賴于人的主觀精神
B.都承認客觀精神是世界的主宰和本原
C.都探究和回答了思維和存在何者為本原的問題
D.都探究和回答了思維和存在是否具有同一性的問題
8.毛澤東曾明確提出:“存在第一性,思維第二性,這是思維放存在具有同一性的唯物主義前提,只有肯定這一條,我們才能與唯心主義劃清界限。”下列觀點正確反映了思念和存在關系的是( )
A.眼開則花明,眼閉則花寂
B.形存則神存,形謝則神滅
C.神靈天意決定著社會的變化
D.物是觀念的集合
9.在實際生活中,古今中外,人們都要面對和處理自己的計劃與現實的關系。這說明( )
①存在決定思維,思維是存在的正確反映
②思維和存在的關系問題是人們在生活和實踐活動中無法回避的問題
③思維和存在的關系問題貫穿于哲學發展的始終
④思維和存在的關系問題是哲學的基本問題
A.①②③ B.①③④
C.②③④ D.①②④
10.“沒有景物,何來感情”與“沒有感情,何來景物”兩者分別代表了( )
A.唯物主義與唯心主義
B.辯證法與形而上學
C.主觀唯心主義與客觀唯心主義
D.可知論和不可知論
11.“人是一部機器,所以人對自然界的反映是一種照相式活動。”這一觀點的哲學派別是( )
A.古代樸素唯物主義 B.近代形而上學唯物主義
C.辯證唯物主義 D.歷史唯物主義
12.《天黑》這首歌里有這樣一句歌詞:“閉上眼睛就是天黑。”它傳達了一種對現實生活的逃避態度。從哲學上看,“閉上眼睛就是天黑”是( )
A.古代樸素唯物主義觀點
B.近代機械唯物主義觀點
C.主觀唯心主義觀點
D.客觀唯心主義觀點
13.恩格斯指出:“任何哲學只不過是在思想上反映出來的時代內容。”這說明( )
A.哲學對一定社會的經濟、政治具有反作用
B.任何哲學都是一定社會和時代的經濟和政治在精神上的反映
C.馬克思主義哲學的產生是哲學史上的偉大變革
D.任何哲學都是一定時代社會生活內容的正確反映
14.德國古典哲學產生于18世紀末、19世紀初,是一場反封建的哲學革命。它主要用辯證法思想啟迪人們的心靈,解放人們的思想,從哲學上論證變革德國封建社會秩序的必要性。上述主要說明( )
A.哲學是人類智慧的結晶
B.哲學是社會變革的先導
C.哲學是對具體知識的總結
D.哲學是歷史發展的碩果
15.被推翻的法國國王路易十六曾經哀嘆:是伏爾泰和盧梭毀滅了法國。這從一個側反映出( )
A.哲學可以通過對社會弊端的批判,更新的人概念,解放人的思想,指導社會變革
B.哲學對社會變革具有決定作用
C.啟蒙運動使歐洲文化的發展達到了頂峰,為資本主義發展開辟了道路
D.哲學為社會發展奠定了物質基礎
16.馬克思主義哲學的直接理論來源是( )
A.黑格爾辯證法和費爾巴哈唯物主義
B.以李嘉圖為代表的古典經濟學
C.細胞學說、生物進化論、能量守恒與轉化定律
D.德國古典哲學
17.恩格斯指出:“隨著自然科學領域中每一個劃時代的發現,唯物主義必然要改變自己的形式。”辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義最主要的自然科學基礎是( )
A.機械力學的產生和牛頓三大定律的發現
B.地質力學的產生和生物進化論的出現
C.胚胎學、動植物生理學和有機化學的產生
D.細胞學說、生物進化論、能量守恒與轉化定律
18.2011年3月11日,日本發生9.0級特大地震。截至4月19日18時,地震及海嘯已造成14001人死亡、13660人失蹤。這體現了( )
A.自然界的客觀物質性
B.人在自然面前是無能為力的
C.物質的唯一特性是可知性
D.自然界是不可認識的
19.列寧說:“物質是標志客觀實在的哲學范疇,這種客觀實在是人通過感覺感知的,它不依賴于我們的感覺而存在,為我們的感覺所復寫、攝影、反映。”對此理解正確的是( )
①物質具有客觀性
②物質具有可知性
③物質是客觀物質形態的主觀映象
④物質概括了宇宙間一切客觀存在著的事物和現象的共同本質
A.①② B.③④ C.①②④ D.①②③
20.“社會生活的變遷、社會的發展是由人的愿望、目的、動機決定的”與“神靈、天意決定著社會的變化和人間的禍福”的共同錯誤在于( )
A.都夸大了主觀精神在社會生活中的作用
B.都否定了社會生活的客觀性
C.都否定了意識在社會生活中的作用
D.都肯定了客觀精神對社會生活的作用
21.“少年安能長少年,海波尚變為桑田。”唐代詩人李賀的這兩句詩體現了( )
A.運動是永恒的、絕對的和有條件的
B.運動是物質的唯一特性
C.運動是物質的固有屬性和存在方式
D.運動是靜止的特殊狀態
22.近代思想家龔自珍說:“自古及今,法無不改,勢無不積,事例無不遷,風氣無不移易。”這表明( )
A.世界上存在無物質的運動
B.運動是物質的固有屬性
C.物質運動是外力作用的結果
D.物質是運動的內在動力
23.太極拳是一項身體動靜平衡統一的運動,動時存靜勢,靜時寓動機,機中有勢,勢中成機。機勢難分,此太極之妙也。從哲學上看,太極拳運動體現了( )
①動和靜相互滲透、相互包含
②絕對的運動和絕對的靜止都是不存在的
③動亦靜、靜亦動,沒有區別
④事物存在和發展是動中有靜、靜中有動
A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④
24.荀子曰:“天有常道矣,地有常數矣,君子有常體矣。”這說明( )
A.事物是運動變化的 B.事物運動是有規律的
C.事物運動是捉摸不定的 D.事物是靜止不變的
25.意識不是從來就有的,也不是人類生命以外的無機物質和其他生命的東西,更不是獨立存在的東西,而是隨著人和人類社會的產生而產生。人類意識產生的前提是( )
A.一切物質都具有的反應特性
B.人腦
C.第一和第二信號系統
D.生物的反應形式
26.2011年4月19日,中國銀行業監督管理委員會(以下簡稱銀監會)召開2011年第二次經濟金融形勢通報會,銀監會黨委書記要求各銀行業金融機構增強憂患意識,謹守風險底線,再創銀行業發展轉型新局面。下列觀點對憂患意識理解正確的是( )
①憂患意識是物質世界發展到一定階段的產物
②人腦是意識活動的物質器官,有了人腦,就有了憂患意識
③憂患意識的內容是來自人于人腦
④憂患意識是客觀事物在人腦中的反映
A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④
27.狐貍會有效地利用環境和外物掩蓋自己的行蹤來躲避獵人的追捕,但再狡猾的狐貍也斗不過好獵手。這是因為( )
A.動物的心理和人的意識有本質的區別
B.人的意識是從動物的心理發展起來的
C.人具有高等意識,動物低等意識
D.人是高等動物,狐貍是低等動物
28.廣州亞運會志愿者的標志把“心”和“腳”進行了整合,蘊涵“一起來,更精彩!”之意。從哲學角度看,這一創意說明了意識的本質是( )
A.人類所特有的能力 B.人腦特有的機能
C.自然界長期發展的產物 D.客觀存在人腦中的反映
29.2011年4月21日,為期4天的第五屆中國杭州電子信息博覽會在浙江世貿中心舉行。不少觀眾看到京劇武生打扮的機器人和身后的少女一起,隨著音樂跳勁舞,發出“機器人也有思維”的感嘆。“機器人也有思維”的觀點違背了( )
A.意識是自然界和人類社會長期發展的產物
B.意識是人腦對客觀事物的反映
C.意識是人腦的特有機能
D.意識對物質具有能動作用
30.“感時花濺淚,恨別鳥驚心。”從哲學角度看,它表明( )
A.不同的人對客觀事物的反映是有差別的
B.意識是客觀存在的主觀映象
C.意識是物質發展到一定階段的產物
D.人腦總是不能如實地反映外界事物
二、材料解析題(本大題包括3小題,共40分)
31.(10分)材料一:戰國時期,各種社會異常復雜,有奴隸主和奴隸之間的矛盾,有沒落奴隸主階級和新興地主階級的矛盾,有新興地主和農民的矛盾,也有新興地主階級中不同階層和集團之間的矛盾。由于經濟地位、政治態度不同,不同階級和階層在此否建立新的封建制度、如何建立封建制度、如何對待各國的變法和改革等問題上,展開了激烈的爭論,形成了儒家、墨家、道家、法家、兵家、農家、陰陽家等思想流派,出現了百家爭鳴的思想文化繁榮局面。
材料二:18世紀的法國為世界所矚目,在這片富饒美麗的土地上爆發了一場資產階級啟蒙運動,出現了一大批為世人所景仰的啟蒙大師。他們高舉自由、平等、人權和理性的旗幟,向封建專制制度和宗教神學發動了猛烈的進攻。正是這場偉大的啟蒙運動,迎來了轟轟烈烈的法國資產階級大革命。
材料三:恩格斯指出:“正像在18世紀的法國一樣,在19世紀的德國,哲學革命也作了政治崩潰的前導。”
結合上述材料,談談你對哲學與時代關系的理解。
32.(15分)哲學的基本派別有哪些,劃分的依據是怎樣的,其根本觀點是怎樣的?
33.(15分)2007年12月,俄羅斯警方在中部山區發現一名狼孩,他具有狼的習性,像狼那樣嗥叫,像狼那樣吃東西,手指甲和腳趾甲就像狼爪,而且愛咬人。狼孩有無意識,為什么?

展開更多......

收起↑

資源列表

    <track id="r4fhd"></track>

    <pre id="r4fhd"><abbr id="r4fhd"><code id="r4fhd"></code></abbr></pre>
      <ul id="r4fhd"></ul>

        <menu id="r4fhd"></menu>
        1. 主站蜘蛛池模板: 山东省| 虎林市| 崇文区| 台南县| 琼中| 三原县| 太康县| 竹北市| 宣城市| 壤塘县| 长顺县| 滦平县| 富阳市| 饶阳县| 绥中县| 高淳县| 乾安县| 栾城县| 天镇县| 类乌齐县| 博爱县| 武穴市| 海伦市| 庄浪县| 梅州市| 方山县| 临沧市| 视频| 舞阳县| 聊城市| 延川县| 嵊州市| 镇康县| 华池县| 通州区| 陵川县| 开远市| 双鸭山市| 磴口县| 泾阳县| 延吉市|