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上海市寶山區2012屆九年級上學期期末質量調研考試試題(5科5份)

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上海市寶山區2012屆九年級上學期期末質量調研考試試題(5科5份)

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2011學年第一學期期末
九年級化學試卷
(滿分60分,考試時間40分鐘)
友情提示:所有答案都必須寫在答題紙上,答在本試卷上無效.
【可能用到的相對原子質量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Cl-35.5】
六、單項選擇題(共20分)
27.在空氣的組成中,體積分數約占21%的是 ( )
A.氮氣 B.氧氣 C.稀有氣體 D.二氧化碳
28.游泳池中的水要進行殺菌消毒,硫酸銅是其中一種消毒劑。CuSO4中S的化合價為( )
A.-2 B.0 C.+4 D.+6
29.以下實驗操作正確的是 ( )
30.下列變化過程中,沒有發生化學變化的是 ( )
A.石墨制成金剛石B.石蕊試液遇酸變紅色 C.硫受熱融化D.用一氧化碳冶煉金屬
31.青銅是銅錫合金,明代宋應星所著的《天工開物》曾記載下列煉錫方法,化學方程式為:2C +SnO22CO↑+Sn。該反應中作還原劑的是 ( )
A.C B.CO C.SnO2 D.Sn
32.下列事實不能用分子觀點解釋的是 ( )
A.壓癟的乒乓球放入熱水中重新鼓起 B.塵土飛揚
C.1滴水中約含有1.67×l021個水分子 D.花香四溢
33.下列各組物質中不屬于同素異形體的是 ( )
A.氧氣與臭氧 B.金剛石與石墨 C.石墨與活性炭 D.紅磷與白磷
34.下列物質的名稱與化學式對應正確的是 ( )
A.生石灰-Ca(OH)2 B.硫酸鐵-FeSO4 C.氫氧化鋁-AL(OH)3 D.膽礬-CuSO4·5H2O
35.下列常見的物質中,屬于溶液的是 ( )
A.酒精 B.生理鹽水 C.石灰漿 D.鮮榨橙汁
36.下列變化中氧元素從游離態變成化合態的是 ( )
A.高溫煅燒石灰石 B.雙氧水分解 C.氧氣液化 D.細鐵絲在氧氣中燃燒
37.下列物質的用途中,利用了化學性質的是 ( )
A.石墨作電極 B.用氧氣搶救病人
C.干冰用作人工降雨劑 D.工業上用空氣制氧氣
38.右下圖是用來表示物質間發生化學變化的模型示意圖,圖中“●、○”分別表示兩種不同元素的原子。能用該示意圖表示的反應是 ( )
A.C +O2CO2 B.CO2+H2O→H2CO3
C.2H2O2 2H2O+O2↑ D.2CO+O22CO2
39.下列各組物質按照金屬單質、氧化物、混合物的順序排列的是 ( )
A.鐵、氧化銅、氫氧化鈣 B.鎂、液態氧、海水
C.水銀、過氧化氫、石灰石 D.氮氣、二氧化碳、空氣
40.實驗室制取二氧化碳有以下步驟:①向錐形瓶內加入大理石;②檢查裝置的氣密性;③向長頸漏斗中加入稀鹽酸;④按要求連接好儀器;⑤將燃著的木條放在集氣瓶口試驗;⑥用向上排空氣法收集。正確的順序是 ( )
A.③②①④⑥⑤ B.①③②④⑥⑤ C.②①④③⑥ D.④②①③⑥⑤
41.用如圖的濃鹽酸配制一定質量20%稀鹽酸,實驗時不需要的儀器是( )
A.膠頭滴管 B.量筒 C.燒杯 D.電子天平
42.用來檢驗CO2和CO的方法有:①點燃;②通過灼熱的氧化銅;③通過紫色石蕊試液;④通過澄清石灰水;⑤聞氣味;⑥用小白鼠實驗。上述方法中正確的是 ( )
A.①②⑤ B.③④⑥ C. ①②③④ D.①②③④⑥
43. 將石灰石、氧化銅和木炭經研磨混合均勻,放入試管中加熱至高溫,試管內共能發生的反應有 ( )
A.2個 B.3個 C.4個 D.5個
44.丁酸乙酯(C6H12O2)是一種無色具有菠蘿香味的液體,常用作食品、飲料的添加劑。以下關于丁酸乙酯的敘述正確的是 ( )
A.丁酸乙酯中含有20個原子
B.1.204×l023C6H12O2含有1.2mol碳原子
C.0.5molC6H12O2中含有1mol氧分子
D.C6H12O2中C、H、O三種元素的質量比為3:6:1
45.現有t℃時A物質(不含結晶水)的溶液,恒溫蒸發20克水,析出了4克晶體;再恒溫蒸發20克水,析出6克晶體。則下列說法正確的是 ( )
A.在t℃時,原溶液一定是稀溶液
B.在t℃時,未蒸發水之前原溶液可能為飽和溶液
C.在t℃時,A物質的溶解度為20克/100克水
D.最后剩余溶液的溶質質量分數比原溶液的大
46.下列圖像能正確反映所對應敘述關系的是 ( )
A.t℃時,在一定量的硝酸鉀不飽和溶液中逐漸加入硝酸鉀固體
B.向一定量的石灰水中不斷通入二氧化碳氣體
C.加熱一定量的氯酸鉀和二氧化錳的混合物
D.在室溫下,向一定量的水中不斷通入二氧化碳氣體
七、填空題(共19分)
47.生活中處處有化學,通過學習已經知道:
⑴活性炭可用來除臭、脫色、濾毒等,都是利用它具有 的特點。
⑵煤氣中主要成分的化學式為 。
⑶二氧化碳是一種優良的滅火劑,因為二氧化碳在一般情況下
,且密度比空氣大。
48.生活中常用過氧乙酸作消毒劑。過氧乙酸的化學式為CH3COOOH,請回答:
⑴過氧乙酸是由 種元素組成的。
⑵過氧乙酸中氧元素的質量分數為 。(精確到0.1%)
⑶過氧乙酸的摩爾質量為 。
49.水是寶貴的自然資源,在工農業生產和日常生活中有廣泛的應用。
⑴用右圖電解水裝置來探究水的組成。在該實驗中,加入少量的氫氧化鈉,可以增強水的導電性(但氫氧化鈉在通電前后質量和性質不變)。將0.2克的氫氧化鈉溶解在99.8克的水中并進行通電,寫出電解水的化學方程式 ,當上述溶液中氫氧化鈉的質量分數為0.5%時,有 克水被電解。
⑵教材里還用什么實驗證明水的組成元素,用化學方程式表示: 。
⑶在高溫條件下鐵與水蒸氣反應可制得氫氣,反應的化學方程式為4H2O+3FeX+4H2,試推X的化學式為 。
50.已知A、B兩種固體物質的溶解度曲線圖。請根據圖示回答問題:
⑴t1℃時,A物質的溶解度 (填“>”、“<”或“=”)B物質的
溶解度。
⑵將22克A物質溶解于20克水中恰好達到飽和狀態,此時溶
液的溫度是 ℃。
⑶t1℃時,將A、B兩物質的飽和溶液溫度升至t3℃(水分未蒸發),
兩種溶液中溶質的質量分數:A B(選填“>”“<”或“=”)。
⑷若要從含有A和少量B的的混合溶液中,得到較純凈的A晶體,宜采用的實驗操作方法是 。
51.某興趣小組的同學對一包生石灰干燥劑產生了興趣,對這包干燥劑的成分進行了探究。
【提出問題】這包干燥劑是否變質,組成是什么?
【猜想與假設】猜想1:全部是氧化鈣;猜想2:全部是氫氧化鈣;猜想3:是氧化鈣和氫氧化鈣的混合物;猜想4:全部是碳酸鈣;猜想5:是氫氧化鈣和碳酸鈣的混合物。
【實驗探究】
實驗步驟 實驗現象 實驗結論
實驗1 取部分干燥劑于試管中,加入適量的水,觸摸外壁 外壁不發熱 說明這包干燥劑中 ①
實驗2 取部分干燥劑于試管中,滴加稀鹽酸 ② 說明這包干燥劑含有碳酸鈣
實驗3 取部分干燥劑于燒杯中,加入一定量的水,靜置后,取清液于試管中,測定溶液的pH并通入二氧化碳氣體 測得該溶液pH ③ (填“>”、“<”或“=”)7;澄清溶液變渾濁 說明這包干燥劑含有氫氧化鈣
【實驗結論】通過上述實驗探究,得出猜想 ④ 成立。
【實驗反思】在測定溶液pH的操作過程中,有同學先將pH試紙用蒸餾水濕潤,再用玻璃棒蘸取石灰水沾在pH試紙上,顯色后與標準比色卡比較,讀數。
請指出該同學的某一錯誤操作的后果是 ⑤ 。
八、簡答題(共21分)
52.一氣體可能有CO、CO2、H2、H2O(水蒸氣)中的一種或幾種組成。為了探究該氣體的組成,某化學興趣小組的同學設計如下實驗裝置并進行實驗:
實驗現象:A中無明顯現象;B中白色粉末變成藍色;
C中黑色粉末變成紅色;D中澄清石灰水變渾濁。
實驗結論:該氣體中肯定含有 ① ,肯定不含有 ② 。
寫出裝置C、D中一定發生反應的化學方程式 ③ 、 ④ 。
問題與思考:有同學認為上圖實驗方案不合理,請你指出存在的問題是: ⑤ 。
53.下圖是實驗室常用的裝置。請據圖回答:
⑴寫出儀器a的名稱 、儀器b的名稱 。
⑵寫出用裝置A制取氧氣的化學方程式: ,該反應的基本類型是 。若用裝置F收集并粗略測出收集O2體積,還需在 (填m或n)端接一個量筒以便測出排出的水的體積。
⑶G圖是硫在氧氣中燃燒的實驗,觀察到的現象是 ;對該實驗進行了改進,在集氣瓶內事先加入少量水,其作用和目的是 。
⑷上述制備CO2可選用的發生裝置有: (填寫上圖字母序號)。比較B、E裝置,E裝置的優點為: 。
⑸現用足量的石灰石和100克稀鹽酸充分完全反應,制得二氧化碳為8.8克。
試計算:
①100克稀鹽酸中所含HCl的物質的量(根據化學方程式列式計算)。
②該稀鹽酸中HCl的質量分數為 。
2011學年第一學期九年級化學期末試題
參考答案和評分標準
注意:1、本試卷答案每格1分(標明的除外)。
2、物質名稱、儀器名稱和專用名稱有錯(包括錯別字)不得分。
3、化學方程式中化學式有錯不得分。
六、單項選擇題(每題1分,共20分)
題號 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
答案 B D C C A B C D B D
題號 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
答案 B D C D D C C B D D
七、填空題(每空1分,共19分)
47.⑴吸附性 ⑵CO ⑶既不能燃燒,又不能支持燃燒(答全給分)。
48.⑴3或三 ⑵63.2% ⑶76克/摩爾
49.⑴2H2O2H2↑+O2↑,60克 ⑵2H2 +O22H2O ⑶Fe3O4
50.⑴﹤ ⑵t3 ⑶﹤ ⑷ 降溫結晶或冷卻熱飽和溶液結晶后再過濾(答全給分)
51.①不含生石灰②有氣泡產生③﹥ ④5 ⑤pH試紙事先用水濕潤會改變待測液的濃度,溶液的pH可能會改變。
八、簡答題(除標注的以外,其余每空1分,共21分)
52.①CO
②CO2
③CO +CuOCu +CO2
④Ca(OH)2+CO2→CaCO3↓+H2O
⑤該實驗方案無法驗證H2和H2O的存在(2點各1分),尾氣直接排放到空氣里或沒有尾氣處理(合理給1分)
53.⑴鐵架臺,錐形瓶
⑵2KClO3 2KCl+3O2↑,分解反應。m.
⑶發出明亮的藍紫色火焰,產生刺激性氣味的氣體,放出熱量。吸收二氧化硫,防止生成二氧化硫外泄污染環境。
⑷BCDE(答全給1分),
可隨時加液體反應物或添加液體試劑(鹽酸)方便(1分),并可使反應隨時發生或停止,節約藥品(1分)(共2分)
⑸①CO2的物質的量=8.8克/44克/摩爾=0.2摩爾
設:需HCl為X摩爾
CaCO3+2HCl→CaCl2+CO2↑+H2O
2 1
X 0.2
2/ X =1/0.2
X=0.4(摩爾)
②14.6%或0.146寶山區2012屆初三英語第一學期期末質量抽查試卷
(滿分150分,考試時間100分鐘)
考生注意:本卷有7大題,共99小題。試題均采用連續編號,所有答案務必按照規定在答題紙上完成,做在試卷上不給分。
Part 1 Listening (第一部分 聽力)
I. Listen and choose the right picture (根據你聽到的內容,選出相應的圖片):(6分)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
II. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根據你聽到的對話和問題,選出最恰當的答案):(10分)
7. A) Red. B) Green. C) Blue. D) Red and green.
8. A) Geography. B) Chinese. C) English. D) Physics.
9. A) At a quarter past six. B) At six o'clock.
C) At a quarter to six. D) At half past six.
10. A) 10. B)13. C)20. D)30.
11. A) Susan. B)Jack. C) Jimmy. D)John.
12. A) 3:00. B)3:15. C) 3:30. D) 3:45.
13. A) English. B) French. C) German. D) Japanese.
14. A) Have a walk. B) Take an underground.
C) See a film. D) Mail a letter.
15. A) England. B) Australia. C) Japan. D) Hong Kong.
16. A) He's as old as Jim. B) He's younger than Mike.
C) He's as old as Mike. D) He's older than Jim.
III. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判斷下列句子是否符合你聽到的短文內容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示): (7分)
17. In London, Paris, New York and Tokyo there are too many cars in the street.
18. Tokyo's nightclubs are seldom empty at night.
19. It is rather difficult for people to walk in the Tokyo street at 11:30 at noon.
20. Most people in Tokyo go to work by train during the day
21. Six million train tickets are sold every day in Tokyo.
22. You may see everybody reading a newspaper in Tokyo trains.
23. Japanese trains don't often leave and arrive on time.
IV. Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks (聽短文填空,完成下列內容。每空格限填一詞):(7分
24. Steven Jobs often got into_______ with either his classmates or his teachers.
25. But he was full of new ideas, which few people could see the value_______.
26. Steven Jobs worked_______ as a video game designer at Atari.
27. He_______ that the trip would give him more ideas and a change in life for the better.
28. After he had returned from India, he began to live on a_______ in California.
29. In 1975, Steven Jobs began_______ a new type of computer.
30. His Apple computer became such a great_______ that Steven Jobs became famous.
Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar (第二部分 詞匯和語法)
V. Choose the best answer (選擇最恰當的答案) :(共20分)
31. In the United States, Father’s Day is on _______ third Sunday in June.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
32. I telephoned Jane just now, but she wasn’t in. I has to leave her a(n) _______.
A. advice B. information C. message D. paper
33. It is no doubt that Liu Xiang is _______ favourite star.
A. us B. we C. our D. ours
34. Many scientists say that it’s important for us to have ______ food in our diet.
A. a variety of B. a great deal C. a large number of D. a good many
35. Five _______ students from different schools took part in the English contest last Saturday.
A. hundred of B. hundred C. hundreds of D. hundreds
36. Many experts think pigs are ______ to train than dogs or cats.
A. easier B. much easy C. more easily D. too easy
37. You _______ to tell him the news. It will make him sad.
A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. don’t need
38. You have been to Beijing. How long _______ you ______ there/
A. did…stay B. have…stayed C. do…stay D. will…stay
39. Today Chinese ______ by more and more people all over the world.
A. was spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak
40. Mother often tells Tom ______ too much time playing video games.
A. not to spend B. to not spend C. don’t spend D. doesn’t spend
41. Mrs. Smith found the toys here and there, so she asked her son to ______ his toys before having dinner
A. put off B. give away C. put away D. give out
42. A: When did it begin to snow
B: It started ______ the night.
A. during B. by C. from D. at
43. I haven’t got an armchair_________. Will you make room for me
A. To sit B. to sit in C. for sitting D. sitting on
44. Children, will you finish _________the classroom before 5:00 p.m.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaned D. cleaning
45. I don’t know if he _______tomorrow.
A. Will come B. comes C. came D. has come
46. Get up early and do exercise every day, _______you won’t have a strong body.
A. but B. for C. and D. or
47. They usually have lunch at school, ________
A. haven’t they B. do they
C. don’t they D. have they
48. A: Have you heard from Jim
B: No, I haven’t. The underlined part means”_______”.
A. Heard of the letter B. received a letter from
C. written a letter from D. heard about
49. Big Ben is a famous _______in London.
statue B. museum C. park D. clock
50. A: Would you mind repairing the MP3 player for me
B: ______.
A. Never mind B. Don’t worry C. Not at all D. I’m glad you like it
plete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each one can only be used once. (將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填一詞,每次只能填一次):(8分)
A. The way B. from a distance C. own D. has studied E. grewF. recording G. like H. do I. act
Jane Goodall is a famous woman scientist, who __51___ chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in
Africa for many years. Her research helps people understand how much they behave __52___
humans. Nobody before has fully understood chimpanzees’ behavior. Jane spent many
years observing and ___53___ their daily activities. She did not study at a university but she
worked with animals in their __54__ environment. When she arrived at Gombe(貢貝在尼
日尼亞) in 1960, it was usually for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother
came to help her for the first months, was she allowed to begin her project. At first, Jane could not get close to the chimpanzees of Gombe, but little by little she was able to move closer to the chimpanzees and watch them __55__ with binoculars(望遠鏡). Finally, Jane ___56___ very close to the chimpanzees at Gombe. Jane’s patience and trust won them over, and she enjoyed a degree of acceptance(接受度) that was hardly dreamed possible. She sat among the chimpanzees, and they would greet her as they __57__ each other with a touch or a kiss.
Her work has changed __58__ people think about chimpanzees, and she has been helping the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. Perhaps most significantly, Jane’s work has opened a window into the world of chimpanzees for a public with a strong curiosity(好奇心), and it has proved more successful than anyone has ever imagined.
51. _____ 52._____ 53._____ 54._____ 55._____ 56._____ 57._____ 58._____
VII Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括號中所給單詞的適當形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一詞):(8分)
59. Mr. White lives on the________ floor in that building. (five)
60. Walking in the space is one of the _____ of our time. (wonder)
61. Tom will study still __________ next term. (hard)
62. He is very careless, so he is __________ to be in charge of the experiment. (fit)
63. The plane landed ________ at last after flying in the storm for about one hour. (safe)
64. Have you ever seen how to _______ a cow (milk)
65. Not everyone enjoys fast food. Jack is the one who ________ hamburgers. (like)
66. At the end of every year, some people go back to their ________ homes.(national)
VIII. Rewrite the following sentences as required. (根據所給要求,改寫下列句子,每空格限填一詞):(14分)
67. Lily had a good time during her stay in Beijing. (改為否定句)
Lily ________ ________a good time during her stay in Beijing.
68. We have a class meeting once a week. (對劃線部分提問)
_________ _________ do you have a class meeting
69. Many countries make laws to stop smoking in public. (改為被動語態)
Laws _________ _________ by many countries to stop smoking in public.
70. The river pollution is serious in our country today. (改為感嘆句)
_________ _________ the river pollution is in our country today!
71. Robert is so short that he can’t yet reach the pears on the table. (改為簡單句)
Robert isn’t _________ _________ to reach the pears on the table.
72. I can’t give you better advice than that. (保持原句意思)
I can _________ give you _________ advice.
73. Bill didn’t go to bed until he finished writing the letter at 11:45 last night. (保持原句意思)
Bill _________ _________until he finished writing the letter at 11:45 last night.
Part 3 Reading and Writing (第三部分 讀與寫)
IX. Reading Comprehension (閱讀理解):(共50分)
A) Choose the best answer (根據文章內容,選擇最恰當的答案):(12分)
Traditionally, the President is the highest-pad public employee. A salary of $ 400,000, along with other benefits, is paid to the President annually. But President Obama’s income for 2008 was far more than that, according to the White House.
The White House recently published the tax returns (納稅申報單)of Obama and Vice –president Joe Biden. Tax returns are reports of tax that a person has to pay. They often include income information used to calculate the tax. In the US, people whose incomes are over a certain amount have to file tax returns(納稅申報)every year. The tax returns of government officials are open to the public. This transparency helps to prevent corruption(腐敗)。
From Obama’s tax returns , we can see that the President and first lady President’s two books Dreams From My Father and The Audacity of Hope(《無畏的夢想》). The two books, published in 1995 and 2006,are very popular and have been on the bestseller(暢銷書)list for a long time.
The Obama’s income is down from 2007,when they made $4.2 million. However, that is still far more than former US President George Bush earned, who reported a total of $719,274 for his final year. The Obamas’ income also greatly exceeded(超出)that of Biden, who reported a family income of $2269,256.That’s about a tenth of what the Obamas earned. As Vice-president, Biden earns a salary of $220,000.US families earn an average income of about $50,000.
The Obama’s tax returns also show that together, the President and his wife paid about $933,000 in taxes. They gave $172,050 —nearly 6.5 percent of their earnings —to different charity groups. In the US, if a person gives his money to churches and non-profit(非盈利)organizations, the law reduces his or her taxes. This is one reason why rich people in the US like to give money to charity.
74. _______had the highest income in 2008.
A. Obama B. Biden C. Bush D. George
75. How much did Obama and his wife earn in 2008
A. $400,000 B. $2,660,000 C. $4,200,000 D. $719,274
76. In the US, which people have to file tax returns
A. Everybody
B. Wealthy people
C. Government officials
D. People whose incomes are over a certain amount.
77. The Obamas have given_______ percent of their earnings to charity.
A. 10 B. 6.5 C. 9.7 D. 4.3
78.Why should the tax returns of government officials be open to the public .
A. Because it can help to prevent corruption
B. Because it can make government officials well-known to the public.
C. Because it can help government officials to get more money.
D. Because the government wants them to pay more taxes to the public.
79. According to the law, if a rich man gives his money to charity,_______.
A. he will be praised by the people
B. he will pay fewer taxes
C. he will be free of taxes
D. he will get some extra money from the government.
B) Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage(選擇最恰當的單詞或詞語,完成短文):(12分)
For many years the United States and the other countries used gold and silver as money. Paper
money was used to stand for the holdings(儲備)of both gold and silver. The value of silver was
limited to that of gold. Fifteen ounces(盎司) of silver had the same value of one ounce of gold.
These values did not change until after 1860 when mines(銀礦)in the west of the United States
began to 80 large amounts of silver. This extra amount of silver caused the price of silver to
81 . Then fifteen ounces of silver would no longer buy one ounce of gold. In 1871 Germany
declared(宣布)that it would not support its paper money with silver any more. Instead, it would use only gold. Other countries of Europe quickly 82 the same. The United States passed a law in 1973 that prevented the government from using silver as money. Western silver producers protested(抗議)loudly and put much pressure on the 83 makers. Five years later a new law was 84 . It said that the government must buy four and half million ounces of silver each month. The new law increased the amount of silver money. The country had two kinds of quite different views on the issue(發行)silver money. Businessmen, bankers and other rich men wanted to 85 the use of silver money because it made the dollar less valuable. But farmers, labourers and the others who owned the money not only wanted silver money but also wanted an unlimited supply of it.
80. A. produce B. find C. search D. dig
81. A. rise B. lift C. fall D. set
82. A. did B. took C. made D. acted.
83. A. law B. money C. gold D. silver
84. A. refused B. accepted C. planned D. passed
85. A. end B. continue C. protect D. allow
C) Read the passage and fill the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格內填入適當的詞,使內容通順,每空格限填一詞,首字母已給) (14分)
The Empire State Building(帝國大廈) has held a special place in the hearts of Americans since it was completed in 1931.It r___86__ more than 443 metres into the sky. For more than forty years , it was the tallest building in the world.
It has one hundred and three levels and six thousand five hundred windows. Visitors can ride in one of seventy-three elevators that take them from the b__87__ to very near the top of the building. Some of these elevators are very fast, reaching the eightieth floor in only forty-five seconds.
The heads of government of almost every n__88___ in the world have visited the Empire State Building. These important people are just a few of million who have ridden to the observation area near the top of the building each year. From there, visitors can see almost all of New York City. They can see the view a __89__ the Hudson River into the state of New Jersey. They can see ships in the East River.
Even if you have never visited New York, there is a good chance for you to see the Empire State Building. It has been photographed c __90__ times. It has even played parts in movies. One is about a huge ape(猿)that escapes and climbs to the top of the building. The movie is “King Kong”(金剛). It was made in 1933. The Empire State Building also appeared in the love story “An Affair to Remember”(金玉盟).Cary Grant and Deborah Kerr play a man and a woman who meet and fall in love on a ship. They are looking at the New York City skyline from the ship when they plan a future meeting.
More recently, in “Sleepless in Seattle(西雅圖未眠夜)”,two people in love agree to meet at the Observation Deck on Valentine’s Day(情人節). B__91__ do arrive, but one is a little later. They almost m __92___each other.
In the early nineteen seventies, the Empire State Building lost its place as the tallest building in New York. People in the city then had the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center to look up to. Tragically that all changed on the morning of September 11,2001. Terrorists hijacked(劫持) passenger airplanes into the Twin Towers and destroyed them. The Empire State Building again has become the city’s tallest building.
D)Answer the questions (根據短文內容回答下列問題):(12分)
I’ve always wanted to try rock climbing, but never had time or money for it. But I’ve discovered
a way to experience the thrill(興奮,緊張) of climbing rock. Indoor climbing is an easy and exciting
way to get a taste of rock climbing. And it is also much cheaper and safer! Indoor climbers don’t
climb on real rock, but on a plastic wall. You can probably find a climbing wall near you. Many gyms,
schools and camps have one.
You can climb in doors at any time of the year, no matter how the whether is. It is usually not
expensive. Most gyms provide the equipment you need. The convenience of indoor climbing is
one reason why it has become so popular. But the main reason people climb is for rush(刺激感) they get. When I stand at the roof of the wall and look up, I’m always scared, but once I start climbing, fear changes to determination. With my heart pounding(心劇烈跳動), I reach the top and look down. I can’t stop grinning. I did it!
Indoor climbing is a great workout(鍛煉). Climbing uses muscles(肌肉)that are hard to exercise, especially those in the shoulders, arms, chest and back. Many people say climbing makes exercise fun. Most gyms have several climbing walls with various degrees of difficulty. The easier ones are like climbing a ladder. The difficult ones bulge out(凸出)in places so that climbers must sometimes climb parallel(平行的)with the floor.
Although gym climbing is easier and safer than real rock climbing, you should still be careful. Always climb with a partner. As you climb, your partner pulls you climbing rope through something called a belay device(繩索控制器). The belay catches you if you slip. But make sure your partner knows how to use this equipment. And if you are a first-time climber, get some instruction before you begin.
93. Is indoor climbing cheaper and safer than real rock climbing
94. On what do indoor climbers climb
95. What are the reasons that make the indoor climbing so popular
96. Who should always be with you when you climb
97. What does your partner do as you climb
98. Which do you think sounds more fun, rock climbing or indoor climbing Why
X. Writing (作文) (共20分)
99. Writing a passage of at least 60 words on the topic “What Do You Think of Owing a Private Car ” (以“你對擁有私家車的看法”為題,寫不少于60個詞的短文)
(注意:短文中不得出現考生的姓名,校名以及其他相關信息,否則不予評分)
Use the following points as a reference. (以下問題僅供參考)
1. what is the advantage of owing a private car
2. what is the disadvantage of owing a private car
3. what’s your opinion
(注意:短文中不得出現任何人名,校名及其其他相關信息,否則不予評分)
寶山區初三英語第一學期期末質量抽查試卷·參考答案
Part 1 Listening
I. Listen and choose the right picture (根據你聽到的內容,選出相應的圖片)
1. Almost all the people in Shanghai know the Internet. (D)
2. We students should learn to save water. (A)
3. Cycling can help you to keep fit. (G)
4. How lovely the pandas are! (F)
5. We Chinese people can launch rockets by ourselves. (R)
6. Children like Father Christmas because they can get presents on Christmas Eve. (C)
II. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (根據你聽到的對話和問題,選出最恰當的答案)
7. M: Isn't your new car red
W: No, it's blue. And my old one is green.
Q: What color is the woman's new car (C)
8. W: Tom, which subject do you like best
M: It's hard to say. English is a little difficult. I always get A's in Chinese. However, I prefer geography to Chinese. It's more interesting.
Q: Which subject is Tom's favorite (A)
9. M: Mary, do you get up at six every day
W: Yes, Mike. But I used to get up late. My parents woke me up at a quarter past six, then I got up at half past six.
Q: What time does Mary get up now (B)
10. W: How many students took part in the Speech Contest yesterday
M: There should be 30 students. But only two-thirds appeared.
Q: How many students took part in yesterday's Speech Contest (C)
11. W: John, would you like to attend Jack's birthday party on Sunday afternoon
M: I'd love to, Susan.
W: By the way, can you call Jimmy and ask him to join us
M: Sure.
Q: For whom is a birthday party held (B)
12. W: When did the latest bus leave
M: Fifteen minutes ago. It was 3:15.
W: When will the next bus leave
M: Buses leave every thirty minutes. You have to wait another fifteen minutes.
Q: What time is it now (C)
13. M: Do you speak French, Alice
W: No. But I can speak a little Japanese. Why
M: I need to talk to a visitor from France. You know, I can only speak English and German.
Q: Which language does the visitor speak (B)
14. W: Excuse me, sir. Can you tell me the way to the underground station
M: Yes. Go along the street and turn right at the second crossing. You'll see a post office on your left and a cinema next to it. The station is just behind them.
W: Thank you very much.
Q: What will the woman probably do (B)
15. M: How was your holiday
W: Wonderful. I've just been to Australia. Have you been there
M: No. Last year I went to England. I'm thinking about visiting Japan this year.
Q: Where did the man go during his holiday (A)
16. M: look, Mary! These are the pictures of my family and I took them in Hainan Island.
W: They are great, Mike. All of you looked so happy.
M: Yes, we were. The beaches there are wonderful.
W: And who is he Is he your cousin Jim
M: No, Jim didn't go with us. This is a friend I made in Hainan Island. He is Bill.
W: He's handsome. He looks younger than you.
M: Maybe, but he is the same age with me.
Q: How old is Bill (C)
III. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判斷下列句子是否符合你聽到的短文內容,符合的用“T”表示,不符合的用“F”表示)
Tokyo may be one of those places that you love and hate at the same time. In Tokyo, there are always too many people in the places. There are also too many cars. Tokyo drivers often spend a long time in the busy street, just like drivers in London, Paris and New York.
Tokyo also has a lot of people on foot, and sometimes it is really difficult to walk in the street. The worst time in the street is at 11:30 at night. That is because the nightclubs are closing at that time and everybody wants to go home then. There are 35,000 nightclubs in Tokyo, and usually none of them is empty at night.
During the day, most people go to work by train. Six million train tickets are sold every week in Tokyo. At most stations, trains arrive every two or three minutes, but at certain hours it is not enough at all. Although trains are always crowded, they are very good in many ways. They always leave and arrive on time. But in Tokyo trains, everybody seems to be sleepy, no matter whether his journey is long or short.
(17. T 18. T 19. F . 20. T 21. F 22. F 23. F)
IV. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (聽短文,完成下列內容。每空格限填一詞)
Steven Jobs, who designed Apple computer, was not quite successful in his early years. He was not among the best students at school, and he often got into trouble with either his classmates or his teachers. But he was full of new ideas, which few people could see the value of. Things were still the same when he went up to college and he dropped out (輟學)halfway.
Steven Jobs worked first as a video game designer at Atari. He worked there for only a few months and then he travelled to India. He hoped that the trip would give him more ideas and a change in life for the better.
After he had returned from India, he began to live on a farm in California. And then, in 1975, Steven Jobs began making a new type of computer. Along with his friend Stephen Woziak, he designed the Apple I computer in his bedroom and in fact built it in his garage. He chose the name "Apple" because he thought of a happy summer he once spent in an orchard in Oregon.
His Apple computer became such a great success that Steven Jobs became famous, Today Apple computer and iphone are very famous all over the world.
(24. trouble 25. of 26. first 27. hoped 28. farm 29. making 30. success)
Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar
V. Choose the best answer
31. C 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. A
41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. C
plete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word can only be used once
51. D 52. G 53. F 54. C 55. B 56. E 57. H 58. A
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms
59. fifth 60. wonders 61. harder 62. unfit
63. safely 64. milk 65. dislikes 66. native
VIII. Rewrite the following sentences as required
67. didn't have 68. How often 69. are made 70. How serious
71. tall enough 72. only... that 73. stayed up
Part 3 Reading and Writing
IX. Reading Comprehension
A) Choose the best answer
74. A 75. B 76.D 77. B 78. A 79. B
B) Choose the words or expressions to complete the passage
80. A 81. C 82. A 83. A 84. D 85. A
C) Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words
86. reaches 87. bottom 88. nation 89. across 90. countless 91. Both 92. miss
D) Answer the questions
93. Yes, it is.
94. They climb on a plastic wall.
95. One is the convenience of indoor climbing, the other is the rush they get from the climbing.
96. A partner.
97. He/She pulls your climbing rope through something called a belay device.
98. I like rock climbing. Although it's a dangerous sport that requires experience, skill and a cool head, I can experience the pleasure of success.
(Any reasonable answers can be accepted.)
X. 99. 略2011學年第一學期期末考試九年級物理試卷
(滿分90分)
一、選擇題(共16分)
下列各題均只有一個正確選項,請將正確選項的代號用2B鉛筆填涂在答題紙的相應位置上,更改答案時,用橡皮擦去,重新填涂。
1.首先用實驗測定大氣壓強值的科學家是 ( )
A 托里拆利。 B 阿基米德。 C 庫侖。 D 帕斯卡。
2.物體帶正電是因為它 ( )
A 得到電子。 B 失去電子。 C 有多余負電荷。 D 有多余正電荷。
3.圖1所示的四個裝置中不屬于連通器的是 ( )
4.在下列的實例中,屬于壓強知識應用的是 ( )
A 用玻璃做燈管。 B 用多輪的卡車運載重物。
C 用PVC塑料做家用熱水管。 D 用橡膠做電線的外套。
5.圖2為汽車油量表的工作原理圖。當汽車發動機工作時 ( )
A 油箱內汽油液面不動,變阻器連入電路的電阻不變,電流表示數不變。
B 油箱內汽油液面下降,變阻器連入電路的電阻變小,電流表示數變大。
C 油箱內汽油液面上升,變阻器連入電路的電阻變小,電流表示數變大。
D 油箱內汽油液面下降,變阻器連入電路的電阻變大,電流表示數變小。
6.如圖3所示,一個重力為8牛的實心金屬塊,掛在測力計下并浸入煤油中(測力計未畫出),當金屬塊體積的三分之一浸入煤油中靜止時,測力計的示數為6牛。若把金屬塊全部浸入煤油中且未碰到容器底部時,則測力計的示數將變為 ( )
A 2牛。 B 4牛。 C 6牛。 D 8牛。
7.兩個完全相同的圓柱形容器中,分別盛有質量相等的煤油和水,如圖4所示,已知圖中液體內M、N兩點到容器底部的距離相等,煤油的密度小于水的密度。設M、N兩點處的液體壓強分別為pM和pN,則這兩處的液體壓強大小關系是 ( )
A pM小于pN。 B pM等于pN。 C pM大于pN。 D 無法判斷。
8.在圖5所示的電路中,電源電壓保持不變。由于電阻R或燈L可能出現了故障,電鍵S閉合前后,兩電表指針所在位置都不變,下列判斷中正確的是 ( )
A 若燈L不發光,則只有電阻R短路。
B 若燈L不發光,則只有電阻R斷路。
C 若燈L發光,則只有電阻R短路。
D 若燈L發光,則只有電阻R斷路。
二、填空題(共26分)
請將結果填入答題紙的相應位置。
9.我國家用照明電路電壓為_______伏,家用空調與日光燈之間是______連接的,正常工作時,通過它們的電流一般是___________的(選填“相同”或“不同”)。
10.鈦是航天工業重要的材料,它的密度是4.5×103千克/米3,讀作_________________,它表示的物理意義是____________________________;若鋼的密度為7.8克/厘米3,則體積相同的鈦板與鋼板相比,鈦板的質量________鋼板的質量(選填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”)。
11.滑動變阻器是通過改變接入電路的電阻絲的____________來改變電阻的。某滑動變阻器上標有“200Ω 1A”字樣,其中200Ω指的是____________,1A指的是___________。
12.為了防止手被塑料購物袋勒疼,人們常常使用提袋器(如圖6所示),它通過__________受力面積,可以____________壓強;圖7所示的是離心式抽水機,它抽水是利用____________進行工作的,所以抽水的高度一般不超過________米。
13.某導體兩端的電壓為6伏,通過它的電流為0.6安,5秒內通過該導體橫截面的電荷量為______庫,其電阻為______歐。當通過該導體的電流為0.3安時,其電阻為_____歐。
14.如圖8所示,長度相同,橫截面積不同的同種金屬棒AB和CD 連接在一起。導體AB和CD兩端的電壓分別為UAB和UCD,則UAB___________UCD;通過AB的電流為IAB,通過CD的電流為ICD,則IAB___________ICD;(均選填“大于”、“等于”或“小于”)
15.在圖9所示的電路中,電源電壓保持不變。閉合電鍵S,當滑動變阻器的滑片P向左移動一小段時,電壓表V1示數與電壓表V2示數之和將_________,電壓表V1示數與電流表A示數之比將_________。(均選填“變大”、“變小”或“不變”)
16.為了探究物體浸在水中所受浮力的有關規律,用測力計、物體A、兩個大小不同的圓柱形容器(它們內部盛有質量不等的水)等進行實驗。實驗中,先將物體A掛在已調好的測力計下,且處于靜止狀態,如圖10(a)所示;然后將物體A先后浸入同一容器的水中靜止不動,實驗過程如圖10(b)和(c)所示;接著再將物體A浸在另一容器的水中靜止不動,實驗過程如圖10(d)所示。請仔細觀察比較圖中物體排開水的體積、測力計示數和容器中水的多少,歸納得出初步結論。
①觀察比較圖10[(a)與(b)]和[(a)與(c)]可得初步結論:_________________。
②觀察比較圖10[(a)與(c)]和[(a)與(d)]可得初步結論:_________________。
三、作圖題(共6分)
請將圖直接畫在答題紙的相應位置,作圖題必須使用2B鉛筆。
17.重為2牛的金屬塊A,用大小為8牛的力F′將它壓在豎直墻上靜止不動,如圖11所示,請用力的圖示法畫出金屬塊A對該墻面施加的壓力F。
18.在圖12所示電路的〇中填入電表符號,使之成為正確的電路圖。
四、計算和簡答題(共24分)
請將計算過程和答案寫入答題紙的相應位置。
19.某銅塊浸沒在水中時,排開水的體積為1×105米3。求該銅塊受到的浮力F浮。
20.地溝油,泛指在生活中存在的各類劣質油。由于地溝油中含有雜質及有毒物質,很多人猜想它的密度應該比正常食用油的密度要大,為了驗證這種猜想,某同學找到質量為0.6千克的地溝油,測出其體積為0.65升。試計算該地溝油的密度ρ;能否用密度這一指標來鑒別地溝油?并說明理由。[已知正常食用油的密度約為(0.91~0.93)×103千克/米3。]
21.在圖13(a)所示的電路中,電源電壓恒定不變,電阻R1為20歐,滑動變阻器R2上標有“20Ω 2A”字樣。閉合電鍵S,滑動變阻器R2上的滑片P移至某處時,電路中兩個電表的指針恰好指在相同的位置上,如圖13(b)所示。求:
(1)電源電壓U。
(2)變阻器連入電路的阻值R2。
(3)改變滑片位置,在電路中
各元件都能正常工作的情況下,滑
動變阻器R2連入電路的阻值范圍。
22.如圖14所示, 兩個底面積大小分別為10厘米2和8厘米2的薄壁圓柱形容器A和B放置在水平桌面上,已知A容器內部液體甲對容器底部產生的壓強為3136帕,B容器內部盛的液體乙是水,且兩容器中的液體液面高度均為0.4米。
⑴求甲液體的密度ρ甲。
⑵求乙液體(水)對B容器底部的壓力F乙
⑶若再從A、B兩容器內同時抽出體積(ΔV)相等的液體后,甲乙兩種液體對容器底部的壓強分別為p 甲和p 乙,請通過計算比較它們的大小關系及其對應的ΔV的取值范圍。
五、實驗題(共18分)
請根據要求在答題紙的相應位置作答。
23.實驗室中,常用天平來測量物體的_______,測量時應將________放在天平的右盤內(選填“被測物”或“砝碼”)。在“用電流表測電流”的實驗中,電流表應該________在被測電路中(選填“串聯”或“并聯”),電流表的“+”接線柱接在電路中靠近電源________極的一端。
24.在“用電流表、電壓表測電阻”的實驗中:
⑴ 實驗原理:____________。
⑵ 實驗器材:待測電阻、2節干電池、電流表、電壓表、滑動變阻器、_______和導線若干。
⑶ 某同學設計記錄表格如下,請在表格的空格處填上欄目_______ 、 _______。
(注意:用筆在答題紙上的表格空格處填上欄目)
實驗序號 電壓(伏) 電流(安)
1 / / / /
2 / / /
3 / / /
25.在學習“壓力”時,某小組同學把鉛筆壓在大拇指和食指之間
(如圖15)所示,發現兩手指與鉛筆接觸部位在受壓力作用時都有凹陷
的現象存在;同時還發現:兩手指的凹陷程度_________(選填“相同”
或“不同”)。由此引發“壓力作用效果與哪些因素有關”的探究。
該小組同學把同種材料制成的不同物體放在同一沙面上,進行了三組
實驗,并分別將實驗測得的壓力F、受力面積S和物體在沙中的下陷深度h分別記錄在下面三張表中。
⑴分析比較序號為1與4、2與5或3與6的數據及觀察到的現象,可以得出的初步結論是__________________________________________________________。
⑵分析比較序號為_____________________的數據及觀察到的現象,可以得出的初步結論是:當壓力大小相等時,受力面積越大,壓力作用效果越不顯著。
⑶進一步分析比較表一、表二和表三中的數據,并歸納得出結論:
①分析比較_________________________的數據及觀察到的現象,可以得出單位面積的壓力相同時,壓力作用效果相同。
②分析比較表一、表二和表三中的數據及觀察到的現象,可以得出________________
__________________________________________。
26.小李同學在做“探究電阻大小與哪些因素有關”的實驗中,設計的電路圖如圖16所示,需按要求完成下列任務。
⑴圖17所示的實物電路中,有一根導線尚未連接,請按圖16所示的連接情況用筆畫線代替導線在圖17中正確連接。________(用2B鉛筆在答題紙的相應位置連接)
⑵為了探究電阻的大小是否與材料有關,必須選用長度和_________都相同、_______不同的導線(Ri)分別接入電路中MN兩點間,進行實驗。
⑶為了探究電阻的大小是否與長度有關,小李同學選用符合要求的導線進行實驗,并將第一次實驗測得的數據記錄在下表內;接著選擇較短的導線接入電路中MN兩點間,閉合電鍵做第二次時,發現電流表的指針所指位置如圖18所示的現象,這表明____________;若要繼續正確探究這一關系,這時需要小李同學做出的調整是_________________________。
探究電阻大小與長度的關系
物理量序號 電流(安) 電壓(伏) 材料 橫截面積 長度 電阻(歐)
1 0.42 5.8 甲 S L 13.8
2 5.2 甲 S
2011學年第一學期期末考試九年級物理試卷
答案要點和評分參考
題 號 答案要點及評分說明
一、16分(每題2分) 1. A。 2.D。 3.B。 4.B。 5.D。 6.A。 7.C。 8.C。
二、26分 說明:第15題、第16題每格2分,其余每格1分;9.220;并聯;不同。 10.4.5×103千克每立方米;每1米3鈦的質量是4.5×103千克;小于。 11.長度;其最大阻值為200歐;允許通過的最大電流是2安。12.增大;減小;大氣壓;10。 13.3;10;10。 14.等于;小于。15.變大;不變。 16.①當物體浸在水中時,排開水的體積越大,物體受到的浮力越大。②當物體排開液體水的體積相同時,物體受到的浮力大小與容器中水的多少無關。
三、6分(每題3分) 17.壓力的大小和符號1分、力的方向1分、力的作用點1分。18.每個電表1分。
四、24分 19.(3分) F?。溅阉甮 V排 1分=1.0×103千克/米3×9.8牛/千克×1×105米3 1分=9.8×10-2牛 1分
20.(4分) V=0.65升=6.5×10-4米3。 1分ρ= 1分= =0.92×103千克/米3。 1分由于地溝油的密度在正常食用油密度范圍之內,因此不能用密度這一指標來鑒別地溝油。 1分
21.(8分) ⑴∵ 由圖a可知: R1、R2并聯,且電流表A串聯在干路上、電流表A1與電阻R1串聯在支路上?!? 電流表A的示數比電流表A1的示數要大,∴ 根據圖b可以判斷出通過R1的電流I1=0.3安、電路中的總電流I總=1.5安。 1分∴ U總=U2= U1=I1×R1 1分=0.3安×20歐=6伏。 1分⑵ ∴ I2=I總﹣I1=1.5安﹣0.3安=1.2安。 1分∴ R2= 1分==5歐。 1分⑶若通過滑動變阻器的電流為它允許通過的最大電流為2安(此時通過R1的電流仍為=0.3安不變、電路中的總電流變為I′總=2.3安,沒超過電流表A的量程3安。),所以滑動變阻器接入電路的最小電阻R2最?。経2/ I2最大=6伏/2安=3歐。 1分∴改變滑片位置,在電路各元件能正常工作的情況下,滑動變阻器R2連入電路的阻值范圍是: 3歐≤R2≤20歐。 1分
22.(9分) ∵p=ρg h ∴ρ甲===800千克/米3。(公式、過程、結果各1分) F乙=G乙=ρ乙s乙hg =1×103千克/米3×8×10-4米2×0.4米×9.8牛/千克=3.136牛 (∴p乙===3.92×103帕。)(公式、過程、結果各1分)⑶ 若p′甲= p′乙則:(p甲-)=(p乙-) ∴ ΔV= = = 1.78×10-4米3。 (1分)∴p′甲=p′乙=1742.2帕。∴當0<ΔV<1.78×10-4米3時, p′甲< p′乙;當ΔV=1.78×10-4米3時, p′甲= p′乙;當1.78×10-4米3<ΔV<3.2×10-4米3時, p′甲> p′乙。(2分)
說明:在計算中,有關單位錯寫、漏寫,總扣1分。
五、18分 23.(4分) ⑴ 質量; ⑵ 砝碼; ⑶ 串聯; ⑷ 正。說明:每格1分。
24.(4分) ⑸ R=;⑹ 電鍵;⑺⑻:實驗序號電壓(伏)電流(安)電阻(歐)電阻平均值(歐)1////2///3///說明:每格1分。
25.(5分) ⑼不同;⑽受力面積一定時,壓力越大,壓力作業效果越顯著。⑾ 4與7、1與5與8、6與9。⑿ 表一或表二或表三。⒀單位面積的壓力越大,壓力作用效果越顯著。 (注:其它答案合理就行。)說明:每格1分。
26.(5分) ⒁ ⒂ 橫截面積。⒃ 材料。⒄電路中的電流超出電流表0.6安的量程。⒅打開電鍵,更換電壓較低的電源(或將電流表的測量范圍換成0~3安),接著實驗。說明:每格1分。
A 船閘。 B 托里拆利實驗。C 茶壺。 D 牲畜飲水器。
圖1
圖3
煤油
A
圖2
V
L
R
S
A
圖5
(a) (b)
煤油





圖4













圖7
圖6
提袋器





圖8
A
B
C
IAB
ICD
D
圖9
A
V1
V2
R2
S
P
B
A
R1


A

(a) (b) (c) (d)
圖10
A
A

A

(21)
(22)
圖11 圖12
A
F′
S
L2
L1
圖13
A
(b)
0
1
2
3
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
(a)
A
S
R2
R1
A1
P
圖14
A
B


0.4米








圖15

表一
序號 F(N) S(cm2) h(cm)
1 5 10 0.8
2 10 20 0.8
3 15 30 0.8
表二
序號 F(N) S(cm2) h(cm)
4 2.5 10 0.4
5 5 20 0.4
6 7.5 30 0.4
表三
序號 F(N) S(cm2) h(cm)
7 2.5 20 0.2
8 5 40 0.2
9 7.5 60 0.2




圖17
圖16
Ri
S
A
M
N
V





圖18
A
0
1
2
3
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
3
-
0.6
圖172011學年第一學期期末考試九年級數學試卷
(滿分150分,考試時間100分鐘)
考生注意:
本試卷含四個大題,共26題;
2.考生務必按答題要求在答題紙規定的位置上作答,在草稿紙、本試卷上答題一律無效
3.除第一、二大題外,其余各題如無特別說明,都必須在答題紙的相應位置上寫出證明或
計算的主要步驟
選擇題(本大題共6題,每題4分,滿分24分)
【下列各題的四個選項中,有且只有一個選項是符合題目要求的,請把符合題目要求的
選項的代號填涂在答題紙的相應位置上.】
1.下列各式中,正確的是(▲
(A)a2+a2=2a2
(B)a3-a2=a
(D)(a+b)2=a2+b2
2.下列各數中,是無理數的為(▲)
√6
(B)√8
(C)丌°
(D)cos60°
3.關于二次函數y=-2x2+1的圖像,下列說法中正確的是(▲)
(A)對稱軸為直線x=1
(B)頂點坐標為(-2,1)
(C)可以由二次函數y=-2x2的圖像向左平移1個單位得到
D)在y軸的左側,圖像上升,在y軸的右側,圖像下降
4.已知△ABC∽△DEF,頂點A、B、C分別與D、E、F對應,若△ABC和△DEF的周長
分別為24、36,又BC=8,則下列判斷正確的是(▲)
(A)DE=12:
(B)EF=12
(C)DE=18
(D)EF=18
5.飛機在空中測得地面上某觀測目標A的俯角為a,且飛機與目標A相距12千米,那么
這時飛機離地面的高度為(▲)
(A)12sina千米:(B)12cosa千米:(C)12tana千米:(D)12cota千米
6.下列關于向量的說法中,不正確的是(▲)
3(a+b)=3a+
C)若一b為實數,則b①D)若同一平,則a=3成=5
二,填空題(本大題共12題,每題4分,滿分48分)
【請將結果直接填入答題紙的相應位置】
7.計算:3=▲
8.已知向量a、x滿足(a-x)=a+x,則x=
01052012
9.分解因式:x2+x2-2=
10.已知拋物線y=(1-a)x2+1的頂點是它的最高點,則a的
取值范圍是▲
1.如圖1,已知拋物線y=x2,把該拋物線沿y軸方向平移
若平移后的拋物線經過點A(2,2),那么平移后的拋物線
的表達式是一▲
12.已知拋物線y=-x2+2x+2的頂點為A,與y軸交于點B
(圖1)
C是其對稱軸上的一點,O為原點,若四邊形ABOC是等腰
梯形,則點C的坐標為▲
13.如圖2,已知平行四邊形ABCD,E是邊AB的中點,聯結
AC、DE交于點O.則的值為
Oc
14.已知一個斜坡的坡角為a,坡度為1:3,則cota的值為▲
15.如圖3,△ABC中,點D、E,F分別在邊BC,AC、AB上,且DE∥AB,DF∥AC
若BD:DC=1:2,△ABC的面積為9cm2,則四邊形AFDE的面積為▲cm
16.如圖4,已知梯形ABCD中,AB∥CD,AB⊥BC,且AD⊥BD,若AB=3,CD=1
那么∠A的正弦值為
D
(圖3)
(圖4
(圖5)
7.如圖5,已知△ABC中,點D、E分別在邊AB、AC上,且AD=2DB,AE=EC
若設AB=a,BC=b,則DE=▲.(用向量a、b表示)
18.已知△ABC中,∠C=90°,AB=9,C0sA2
把△ABC繞著點C旋轉,使得點A
落在點A',點B落在點B,若點A’在邊AB上,則點B、B'的距離為
(本大題共6題,第19-22題,每題8分;第23、24題,每題10分,滿分52分)
先化簡,再求值
a2-1
),其中a=√2
aa+
01/05/2012
已知2“4,()求二的值:()若+3=:一y,求x值寶山區2011學年度第一學期期末質量測試
初三語文試卷
一、文言文(42分)
(一)默寫(18分)
1.向來枉費推移力, 。(朱熹《觀書有感》其二)
2. ,千里暮云平。 (王維《觀獵》)
3.馬作的盧飛快, 。(辛棄疾《破陣子·為陳同甫賦壯詞以寄》)4. ,濃睡不消殘酒。(李清照《如夢令》)
5.所以動心忍性, (《生于憂患,死于安樂》)
6. ,積于今年六十矣;……(柳宗元《捕蛇者說》)
(二)閱讀下面的詞,完成第7—8題。(4分)
江城子·密州出獵
(宋)蘇軾
老夫聊發少年狂,左牽黃,右擎蒼。錦帽貂裘,千騎卷平岡。為報傾城隨太守,親射虎,看孫郎。 酒酣胸膽尚開張,鬢微霜,又何妨?持節云中,何日遣馮唐?會挽雕弓如滿月,西北望,射天狼。
7.“黃”在詞中的意思是 。(2分)
8.下列理解不正確的一項是 (2分)
A.詞的上片側重描寫作者“狂”的行為,詞的下片側重抒發作者“狂”的情感。
B.詞的上片寫了作者出獵的情景,詞的下片寫了作者請戰的決心。
C.詞的上片作者自喻孫權,詞的下片作者自比魏尚。
D.詞的上片作者的情感熱烈豪放,詞的下片作者的情緒沉郁頓挫。
(三)閱讀下文,完成第9—11題。(8分)
鄒忌諷齊王納諫(節選)
①于是入朝見威王,曰:“臣誠知不如徐公美。臣之妻私臣,臣之妾畏臣,臣之客欲有求于臣,皆以美于徐公。今齊地方千里,百二十城。宮婦左右莫不私王,朝廷之臣莫不畏王,四境之內莫不有求于王:由此觀之,王之蔽甚矣。”
②王曰:“善?!蹦讼铝睿骸叭撼祭裘衲苊娲坦讶酥^者,受上賞;上書諫寡人者,受中賞;能謗譏于市朝,聞寡人之耳者,受下賞。”令初下,群臣進諫,門庭若市;數月之后,時時而間進;期年之后,雖欲言,無可進者。
③燕、趙、韓、魏聞之,皆朝于齊。此所謂戰勝于朝廷。
9.選文出自 (人名)編訂的《 》(書名)。(2分)
10.用現代漢語翻譯文中的畫線句,注意加點詞語的含義。(3分)
皆以美于徐公
11.下列理解不正確的一項是 (3分)
A.第①段寫鄒忌接借親生經歷設喻諷諫齊王。
B.第②段寫齊王納諫并發令懸賞求諫。
C.第③段寫齊王納諫后取得了豐碩的成果。
D.鄒忌言語直白潑辣,齊王虛心善思。
(四)閱讀下文,完成第12—15題。(12分)
曲突徙薪
客有過①主人者,見其灶直突②,傍有積薪。客謂主人曰:“更為曲突,遠徙其薪;不者③且有火患?!敝魅撕偃虎懿粦?。俄而,家果失火,鄰里共救之,幸而得息。于是殺牛置酒,謝其鄰人,灼爛者在于上行,余各以功次坐,而不錄⑤言曲突者。人謂主人曰:“鄉⑥使聽客之言,不弗牛酒,終亡火患。今論功而請賓,曲突徙薪亡恩澤,焦頭爛額為上客耶?”主人乃寤⑦而請之。
選自《漢書·霍光傳》
【注釋】①過:拜訪。②突:煙囪。 ③不者:如果不這樣的話。④嘿然:不說話的樣子。⑤錄:邀請。⑥鄉:通“向”,先前的意思。⑦寤:醒悟,覺悟。
12.解釋下列加點的詞語。(4分)
(1)今論功而請賓( ) (2)焦頭爛額為上客耶( )
13.下列對文中畫線句“余各以功次坐”翻譯正確的一項是( )
A.其余的人認為有功依次坐著。
B.其余的人因為有功勞坐在其次。
C.其余的人按照功勞大小依次就座。
D.其余的人憑著功勞大小一次坐好。
14.主人家“失火”的直接原因是 ;火“幸而得息”的原因是 (用文中詞句回答)(2分)
15. “人謂主人曰”的這番話是為了 (3分)
二、現代文(48分)
(一)閱讀下文,完成第16—20題。(22分)
辣椒趣說
①自古以來,辣椒作為一種美食,受到世界各地人們的喜愛。印度人稱辣椒為“紅色牛排”,墨西哥人將辣椒視為國食。在我國,辣椒在許多地區都是非常重要的調味品,甚至沒有它人們就無法下飯,可見人們對它的 (zhōng’ài)。
② 辣椒中含有一種被稱為辣椒素的物質,能夠刺激皮膚和舌頭上感覺痛和熱的區域,使大腦產生灼熱疼痛的辛辣感覺??茖W家對生長在美國亞利桑那州南部沙漠地帶的一種野生辣椒進行研究,觀察有哪些動物以辣椒為食。結果發現,生活在附近的沙漠鼠類等小型哺乳動物根本不碰這種辛辣食物,吃辣椒似乎是鳥類的專利。實驗表明,辣椒果實被小型哺乳動物吃掉之后,種子經消化排出,幾乎不能再發芽。而鳥類的消化系統基本不對辣椒種子造成傷害??茖W家認為,辣椒之所以辣是出自保護自己的需要。辣椒不想讓哺乳動物把它們的果子吃掉,所以才在辣椒果子里產生了辣椒素,這樣,吃不了辣的哺乳動物就會放棄,而鳥類卻絲毫吃不出半點辣味,它們的痛覺感受系統和哺乳動物不一樣,辣椒素能給它們清爽的感覺,還有止痛的功效。所以鳥類吃辣椒來像在嚼口香糖,而果實中的辣椒籽則會經過鳥類的腸道完整地排泄出來,完成一次又一次播種。
③不少人吃辣椒會上癮,這又是為什么呢?這是因為當辣椒的辣味刺激舌頭、口腔的神經末梢時,機體的神經系統反射性地出現心跳的加速、唾液及汗液分泌的增加、腸胃挪動的增快等現象。同時興奮性的刺激會使大腦釋放出內啡肽,再吃下去,大腦又會以為有痛苦襲來,于是釋放出更多的內啡肽。內腓肽促進大腦內另一種物質——多巴胺的分泌。多巴胺是一種腦內分泌物,相當于人體內“獎勵系統”的物質基礎,是一種類似腎上腺素的物質,可以影響一個人的情緒,在短時間內令人高度興奮。于是享樂主義的大腦熱讓我們吃辣吃上癮,以至于聞到濃郁的辣味就有進食的沖動。
④那么, 科學家們發現,生活在炎熱氣候條件下的人們更喜歡吃辣椒——盡管生活在寒冷和潮濕地區的人們也都適合吃辣椒。這是因為他們知道辣椒能夠抑制食物中有害細菌的滋生,防止食物中毒。
⑤為了抑制食物中的有害細菌,寒冷地帶的人們一般把食物放在室外一整夜,就可以有效抑制有害細菌的生長。但是炎熱地區的人們不僅沒有這樣的氣候條件,而且炎熱地區很容易滋生各種病原體和寄生蟲。通過長期研究后,研究人員終于得出結論,辣椒具有天然殺菌作用——當人們攝入辛辣食物后,體內溫度急劇上升,這樣就可以抑制食物中的有害細菌的繁殖并殺死有害細菌。
⑥辣椒原來生長在中南美洲的熱帶地區。很早的時候美洲人就開始食用辣椒。辣椒能傳遍全球還要感謝哥倫布。這位探險家在發現美洲大陸之后碰到了這種特殊的食物,并把它帶回了歐洲,辣椒由此傳遍世界各地。辣椒于明末傳入中國,距今約400年了。這種洋辛香料很快紅遍中國,進入到人們的日常飲食中。威力無比的辣椒帶來的無疑是一場飲食革命,似乎任何其它傳統辛香料都無法與之抗衡。
16.根據第①段括號中的拼音,在“ ”上應填入的詞語是 。(1分)
17. 根據第③段內容,人們吃辣椒會上癮的原因,除了辣味導致心跳的加速、唾液及汗液分泌的增加和腸胃挪動的增快以外,還與 和 有關。(4 分)
18 .第⑥段的說明順序和說明內容分別是 ( 3 分)
A 、時間順序 世界各地人們都愛食用辣椒
B 、空間順序 辣椒從國外傳入中國很不容易
C 、空間順序 世界各地人們都愛食用辣椒
D 、時間順序 辣椒從國外傳入中國很不容易
19 .聯系下文,第②段、第④段“_ ”應填入的設問句分別是

( 6 分)
20 .(1)以第①⑥兩段中加點詞“紅色牛排’”和“約”為例,從說明文語言角度,說說本文的語言特點。
( 6 分)
(2)以第⑥段中加點詞“紅”為例,從語言品味角度,說說“紅”字的妙處。
( 2 分)
(二)閱讀下文,完成21 — 26 題(26 分)
那些“怪教授”們
①曲阜師范大學,一所僻處鄉下、名聲不顯的大學,曾經收容了一批“隱士”( A )一般的學者。20 多年以前,我因為采訪的需要,曾與其中古怪透頂的幾位有過來往。
②公認“最怪的教授”( B )叫陶愚川,他也是當時該校學術地位最高的教授。其實,大家說他學術地位高也是估摸著說,因為除在北師大任教的同學毛禮銳之外,陶先生與學術界同仁從無聯系,甚至跟他本校、本系的同事也不往來,平時大概三天都不說一句話。
③我認識他的時候,他已經73 歲了 ,每天穿一身灰不溜秋的衣服,獨行于圖書館、食堂、宿舍之間,不跟任何人廢話。路遇的師生都恭敬地看著他,但沒人敢冒昧地上前跟他搭話。事實上,在我為了走近陶先生而采訪的十多位該校教師中,聲稱自己曾經有幸跟他說過話的,只有一個人。
④陶先生早年曾經留學于日本早稻田大學和美國密歇根大學,獲教育碩士學位。1949 年前曾任國立湖南師范大學和中山大學教授,還曾任大夏大學(現華東師范大學)教育系主任。自20 世紀50 年代來到曲阜師范大學,幾乎沒教過一天專業課,多半時間在外文系教英語,但他一直沒有中斷自己的專業研究。“文革”(C)前一段時間,他辭職回了浙江農村老家,仍然數次去杭州圖書館查資料,還用小學生作業本寫出了幾卷手稿,計9 卷300 萬字。當時誰也不把這個古怪老頭兒費盡心血寫成的手稿當回事,隨手就給丟了,他竟然從第一頁開始重寫,令人稱贊。直到20 世紀80 年代中期,他的煌煌巨著《中國教育史比較研究》 面世,震動了教育史學界,獲得全國教育科學優秀成果獎。
⑤他是全校工資最高的,但每月除了留下幾十元生活費之外,其余的全部交給學校黨委,包括專著出版后的稿費。上交沒有任何動機,拒絕也沒有任何可能。
⑥比陶愚川教授更為古怪的,曲阜師范大學還有一位叫莊上峰教授。
⑦據說,這位莊先生與陶差不多是同期的留美生,后來也與陶差不多同期在外文系教書。其父是清朝翰林,曾在孔府做清客,實際上給末代衍圣公孔德成當私塾先生。所以莊上峰從小生活在孔府,跟孔氏直系后裔們一起玩大。
⑧跟陶先生不同,陶先生對“窗外事”既不關心也不議論,而莊先生卻非常關心。他曾預言“林彪要完”(D)。難道書生就一定不明世事?人們感嘆——莊先生真是神人!
⑨莊先生述而不作,不曾有學術專著流傳。難道莊先生不學無術嗎?但讓人大吃一驚的是,他去世后,整理其遺物的人赫然發現了一部長篇小說的手稿,名“雷霆時代’,極端寫實地描述了上個世紀30 年代他在山東大學時他的同事們的生活——聞一多、梁實秋、老舍、游國恩等教授們的軼事,稍加揣度全部能對上號。因為莊先生明了世事,所以太寫實了,出版社不敢原樣刊出,刪掉了三分之二,剩下的也就意思不大了。
⑩與陶、莊相比,書法家包備五教授就一點稱不上“怪”了。本校的老先生們都說“包先生的字太好了’,但他只是教書,從不參加各級書協的任何活動,沒進過專業圈子。
⑾有一年,山東省政協主席托學校領導向他要字,被包先生一口回絕了。他跟學校領導說:“領導的話有時說完就說完了,你們不用太認真。他要是真喜歡我的字,還會再開口的,到那時再說?!钡幸粋€包先生不認識的學校勤雜工,有一天突然敲開包先生家的門,忐忑不安地說,他妻子生了急病,多虧附近一家駐軍醫院搶救脫離了危險,他不知該怎們感謝大夫才好,客套半天,人家提出“想要包先生一幅字”。包先生一聽是幫忙治病的事,二話沒說,鋪紙就寫。更令人稱奇的是,曲阜鄉下一個素不相識的農村老頭兒,請同村一個在學校當臨時工的青年領著上門索字,卻能手到擒來。包備五不但痛痛快快地寫了一幅岳飛的《 滿江紅》 ,而且擔心他沒錢好好裝裱,還親自動手給裝裱起來?!八隙ㄊ钦嫦矚g才來要的,所以必須認真對待。”
⑿有這么一群怪才棲居,使這座校園充滿著“郁郁乎文哉”的氣息。這是如今其它校園所不多見的。
21 .對文中4 處運用引號的作用理解有誤的一項是 ( 3 分)
A 、否定諷刺 B、著重強調
C 、特定稱謂 D、引用話語
22 .不改變句意,將第(8)、(9 )段中的畫線句改成陳述句,分別為
; ( 4 分)
23 .第(4 )段中的加點詞語“竟然”能否刪去?為什么?
( 3 分)
24 .第(ll )段中的兩處畫線句都運用了 描寫,請分別具體分析其作用
(5分)
25 .本文寫了三位“怪”教授,各有側重點,請用自己的語言概括,陶先生之“怪”側重寫他 ;莊先生之“怪”側重寫他 ;包先生之“怪”側重寫他 ;這些“怪教授”的共同點是 。(8 分)
26 .本文作者除了歌頌三位“怪教授”“郁郁乎文哉”的風采與風度之外,聯系現實,作者還有一層隱含的寫作意圖是 (3 分)
三、寫作(60 分)
27 .題目:經歷了,我才懂得
要求:(1)字數在600字左右,文體不限(詩歌除外);(2)文中不能出現真實的姓名、校名等,請用A老師、B學校、C學生等字樣代替;(3)不能抄用本試卷中的閱讀材料;(4)請注意字跡端正,卷面整潔。
寶山區初三語文第一學期期末質量抽查試卷·參考答案
一、文言文(42分)
(一)1.此日中流自在行 2.回看射雕處 3.弓如霹靂弦驚 4.昨夜雨疏風驟 5.曾益其所不能6.今吾氏三世居是鄉(共18分,每句3分,錯、漏、添、改一字扣1分,扣完即止)
(二)7.、黃犬(2分) 8.D(2分)
(三)9.劉向 戰國策(2分)10.(他們)都認為我比徐公美(3分,補出省略的主語、“以”、“于”各1分)11. D(3分)
(四)12.(1)邀請(2)當作,作為(4分,每小題2分) l3.C(3分)14.(其)灶直突,傍有積薪(1分)鄰里共救之(1分) 15.提醒主人既要善于聽取別人正確的建議,也要明白“客”的功勞比救火者大,真正值得感謝的人是客(要懂得感恩)(3分)
二、現代文(48分)
(一)16.鐘愛(1分) 17.內啡肽的釋放多巴胺的分泌(4分,每空2分) 18.C(3分) 19.辣椒為什么會辣? 哪些地方的居民更愛吃辣?(6分,每空3分,注意標點符號) 20.(1)將辣椒比作“紅色牛排”,具體生動地說明了辣椒受人歡迎(2分);用“約”一詞,說明辣椒傳人中國時間是一個估摸的時間,不是準確的一個時間(2分)。兩個詞各自體現了本文語言具有生動性和準確性的特點(2分)。(本小題共6分)(2)“紅”字妙處在于,既體現了辣椒紅色,具有形象性,又渲染了人們喜愛辣椒的紅火程度,強化了感染力。(2分)
(二)21.A(該處是表示特殊含義)(3分) 22.書生也明世事莊先生并非不學無術(4分,每空2分) 23.“竟然”表示出人意料,表達了作者對陶先生撰寫專著中表現出來的執著的專業精神的敬佩(“驚訝”不能給全分)(3分) 24.語言(1分)前者:生動地描寫出不阿諛奉承直爽坦誠的形象;后者:生動地描寫出包先生真誠善良的品性(4分,每一個小點各2分)25.一心治學,心無旁騖;明了社會,洞察世事;不論貴賤,真誠待人(大意相同即可);具有真才實學(8分,每空2分)26.批評了當今某些教授的浮躁,缺少“郁郁乎文哉”之風(3分)
三、寫作(60分)
27.按照2011中考寫作分項給分表酌情給分。

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