資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
Period 1　 單元詞匯表
1．________ n．運氣；巧合 2．________ vt．克服(困難)，控制(感情)；征服，戰(zhàn)勝 3．________ adj．宏偉的，壯麗的，隆重的 4．________ vi．減少，降低 5．________ n．意外收獲，額外的好處；獎金；紅利 6．________ n．重力，引力 1．The system of paying cash ________ (bonus) is open to abuse． 2．By ________ (coincident)，I met the person we'd been discussing the next day． 3．She ________ (overcome) her natural diffidence and spoke with great frankness． 4．If children were made to feel inferior to other children，their confidence ________ (decline)． 5．He described himself ________ (grand) as a landscape architect．
1．emerge vi．出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)→________ n．出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn) 2．clue n．線索，情節(jié)vt．為……提供線索→________ adj．一無所知的，一竅不通的 3．evaluate vt．評估，評價→________ n．評估，評價 4．theory n．理論；學(xué)說→________ adj．理論的 1．What is the custom and usage in this ________(emerge) 2．I came into adult life ________ (clue) about a lot of things that most people take for granted． 3．The ________ (evaluate) of conduct involves some amount of generalization． 4．The first year provides students with a sound ________ (theory) basis for their later study．
1．________ 某人突然想起 2．________ 發(fā)生 3．________ 碰巧；巧合 4．________ 突然 5．________ 雖然；不顧；盡管……(仍……) 6．_________阻止……做某事 7．________ 而不是 8．________ 通向…… 9．________ 結(jié)果 10．________ 一種 1．Lack of time ________ me ________ writing to my parents last year． 2．It ________ me that this is a good list for home，too． 3．________，Bob Dole and Newt Gingrich were on the morning news programs． 4．He put his head in his hands and tried to remember his lines，but nothing ________． 5．________ there was a terrific bang and a flash of smoke． 6．________ what happened，he never lost the will to live．
由新知聯(lián)想已知
1．emerge vi．出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn) [聯(lián)想]　①appear v．出現(xiàn)，亮相 ②arise v．出現(xiàn) ③show v．顯現(xiàn)，顯出 2．overcome vt．克服(困難)，控制(感情)；征服，戰(zhàn)勝 [聯(lián)想]　①win v．贏得，獲勝 ②conquer v．征服，戰(zhàn)勝 3．decline vi．減少，降低；婉言拒絕 [聯(lián)想]　①deny v．[正式] 拒絕，不允許 ②refuse v．拒絕，回絕 ③reject v．拒絕 4．in spite of 雖然；不顧；盡管……(仍……) [聯(lián)想]　①despite prep．盡管，雖然 ②although conj．盡管，雖然 ③as conj．盡管，雖然 ④though conj．雖然，盡管
第二篇課文
①influential scientists有影響力的科學(xué)家
②brilliant adj．很成功的；很好的；巧妙的；聰穎的；技藝高的；使人印象深的
③theoretical adj．理論的
④cosmology n．宇宙學(xué)
⑤overcome vt．克服(困難)，控制(感情)；征服，戰(zhàn)勝
⑥challenge n．挑戰(zhàn)；質(zhì)疑；質(zhì)詢；提出異議；艱巨任務(wù)；挑戰(zhàn)書 v．對……懷疑(或質(zhì)疑)；拒絕接受；向(某人)挑戰(zhàn)
⑦ALS 肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥
⑧affect v．影響；使感染；侵襲；假裝；使悲傷(或憐憫等)
⑨slow-progressing adj．慢性的
⑩the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge劍橋天文研究所
rather than而不是
as a result結(jié)果
speech-generating equipment語音生成設(shè)備
physical adj．身體的；物理學(xué)的；物質(zhì)的；有形的
decline vi．減少，降低
cease v．停止；(使)終止；結(jié)束
the “Big Bang”宇宙大爆炸
a sort of一種
lead to通向……
A Brief History of Time：From the Big Bang to Black Holes 《時間簡史：從大爆炸到黑洞》
a simpler version一個更簡單的版本
instead of而不是
one new explanation一個新的解釋
look up朝上看
curious adj．好奇的
be curious about對……感到好奇
curiosity n．好奇，好奇心
in spite of 雖然；不顧；盡管……(仍……)
prevent．．．from doing sth．阻止……做某事
expectation n．預(yù)期；期望；希望；期待；指望；預(yù)料；盼望
bonus n．意外收獲，額外的好處；獎金；紅利
gravity n．重力，引力
STEPHEN HAWKING
On 14 March，2018，one of the world's most influential scientists①，Stephen Hawking，died at his home in England，aged 76．Hawking was famous，not just for his brilliant② work in theoretical③ physics and cosmology④，but also for overcoming⑤ the challenges⑥ of ALS⑦ (a disease that affects⑧ muscle control)．
Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January，1942，in Oxford．He went to the University of Oxford to study physics in 1959．At the age of 21，when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge，physicians discovered he had a rare，slow-progressing⑨ form of ALS．He was only expected to live for a few years．
Hawking later found a job at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge⑩．In the early stages of his career，his illness got worse，but he was allowed to do research only rather than teach，which was easier for him[1]．In 1985，he had to have an operation．As a result ，he lost his speech．Soon his doctors developed a piece of speech-generating equipment that allowed him to speak．However，as his illness became worse，he lost the use of his hands．
[1]but連接并列句；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾but后的句子。
Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades，he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes．Hawking believed that the birth of the universe (the “Big Bang” ) created many small black holes．His theory was that there was a sort of hole in the centre of a black hole[2]．This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own．
[2]that引導(dǎo)表語從句。
Hawking also wrote books．His 1988 book，A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes ，sold one copy for every 750 people on Earth．However，many people could not really understand what he had written[3]．Therefore，Hawking decided to write a simpler version ，A Briefer History of Time (2005)．
[3]what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作understand的賓語。
In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe．Instead of trying to find one big new explanation ，scientists should put together all the ideas that they already have[4]．
[4]that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞all the ideas。
At the opening of the London 2012 Olympics，Hawking said to a TV audience of 900 million people: “Look up at the stars and not down at your feet．．．be curious ．”
In spite of his disease，Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man．He said it had not prevented him from having a family，and being successful in his work．“My expectations were reduced to zero when I was 21．Everything since then has been a bonus ．” And he believed this was because of the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations[5]．
[5]省略which或that的定語從句，其先行詞是help。
Fact File
WHAT IS A BLACK HOLE
A black hole is a place in space where gravity is very strong．Anything that falls into it never comes out．Nothing can escape from it，not even light．As a result，it is impossible to see a black hole．
EHT Collaboration
斯蒂芬·霍金
2018年3月14日，世界上最有影響力的科學(xué)家之一，斯蒂芬·霍金在英格蘭的家中去世，享年76歲。霍金不僅因在理論物理學(xué)和宇宙學(xué)方面的杰出研究而著名，更是因克服了肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥(一種影響肌肉控制的疾病)的挑戰(zhàn)而令人敬佩。
1942年1月8日斯蒂芬·霍金出生于牛津，1959年進入牛津大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)物理學(xué)。21歲那年，也是霍金在劍橋大學(xué)的第一年，醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)他患有一種罕見的慢性肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥，預(yù)言他只能再活幾年。
后來霍金在劍橋天文研究所找了份工作。職業(yè)生涯剛一開始他的病情就開始惡化，研究所允許他可以只做研究而不用教學(xué)，這對他來說更容易。1985年，他不得不動手術(shù)，結(jié)果喪失了說話能力。很快，醫(yī)生為他開發(fā)了一種發(fā)聲設(shè)備使他能夠說話。但是，他的病情繼續(xù)惡化，手也動不了了。
盡管身體狀況不斷下降，霍金幾十年間從未停止自己的研究，他發(fā)展了一些有關(guān)黑洞的新思想。霍金認為宇宙誕生時(即宇宙大爆炸)形成了許多小黑洞，在黑洞的中心還有一種洞，這種洞通向另一個宇宙，與我們的世界完全分隔。
霍金還寫書。1988年出版的《時間簡史：從大爆炸到黑洞》一書，地球上平均每750人便購買過一本。然而，許多人并不能真正理解他寫的內(nèi)容。因此，霍金決定寫一個簡化的版本，即《時間簡史》(2005)。
在《宏偉設(shè)計》(2010年出版，與萊昂納德·蒙洛迪諾合著)一書中，霍金提出我們應(yīng)該用一種不同的方式去發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙最深處的秘密。科學(xué)家們應(yīng)該整合已有的全部思想，而不是試圖找到一個全新的、轟動世界的說法。
在2012年倫敦奧運會開幕式上，霍金對9億電視觀眾說：“仰望星空，而不是俯視腳下……要保持好奇心。”
盡管霍金患有疾病，但他并不認為自己是個不幸的人。他說，這并沒有阻礙他擁有家庭，也沒有阻礙他在工作中取得成功。“21歲時，我的人生期望值降為零。從那以后，一切都是饋贈。”他認為自己所取得的一切都源于家人的支持和許多人及機構(gòu)的幫助。
Period 1
速記·重點詞匯——牢記詞形和詞義
1．coincidence　2．overcome　3．grand　4．decline　5．bonus　6．gravity
運用·語境填空——測試一下基本功
1．bonuses　2．coincidence　3．overcame　4．declined　5．grandly
速記·派生詞匯——牢記詞形和詞義
1．emergence　2．clueless　3．evaluation　4．theoretical
運用·語境填空——測試一下基本功
1．emergence　2．clueless　3．evaluation　4．theoretical
速記·重點短語——記牢搭配和意義
1．come into one's mind　2．occur to　3．by coincidence　4．a(chǎn)ll of a sudden　5．in spite of　6．prevent．．．from doing sth．　7．rather than　8．lead to　9．a(chǎn)s a result　10．a(chǎn) sort of
運用·語境填空——測試一下基本功
1．prevented；from　2．occurs to　3．By coincidence　4．came into his mind　5．All of a sudden　6．In spite of
1/1(共30張PPT)
Period 1　
Section Ⅱ　LESSON 2 & LESSON 3
UNIT 12　INNOVATION
主題語境
人與社會 —— 科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新
1．___________ n．運氣；巧合
2．_________ vt．克服(困難)，控制(感情)；征服，戰(zhàn)勝
3．_____ adj．宏偉的，壯麗的，隆重的
4．_______ vi．減少，降低
5．_____ n．意外收獲，額外的好處；獎金；紅利
6．_______ n．重力，引力
課時練案　單元詞匯表
coincidence
overcome
grand
decline
bonus
gravity
1．The system of paying cash _______ (bonus) is open to abuse．
2．By ___________ (coincident)，I met the person we'd been discussing the next day．
3．She _________ (overcome) her natural diffidence and spoke with great frankness．
4．If children were made to feel inferior to other children，their confidence ________ (decline)．
5．He described himself _______ (grand) as a landscape architect．
bonuses
coincidence
overcame
declined
grandly
1．emerge vi．出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)→__________ n．出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)
2．clue n．線索，情節(jié)vt．為……提供線索→________ adj．一無所知的，一竅不通的
3．evaluate vt．評估，評價→__________ n．評估，評價
4．theory n．理論；學(xué)說→___________ adj．理論的
emergence
clueless
evaluation
theoretical
1．What is the custom and usage in this __________(emerge)
2．I came into adult life ________ (clue) about a lot of things that most people take for granted．
3．The __________ (evaluate) of conduct involves some amount of generalization．
4．The first year provides students with a sound ___________ (theory) basis for their later study．
emergence
clueless
evaluation
theoretical
1．__________________ 某人突然想起
2．_______ 發(fā)生
3．_____________ 碰巧；巧合
4．____________ 突然
5．_________ 雖然；不顧；盡管……(仍……)
come into one's mind
occur to
by coincidence
all of a sudden
in spite of
6．_____________________阻止……做某事
7．__________ 而不是
8．______ 通向……
9．_________ 結(jié)果
10．_______ 一種
prevent...from doing sth．
rather than
lead to
as a result
a sort of
1．Lack of time _________ me _____ writing to my parents last year．
2．It ________ me that this is a good list for home，too．
3．______________，Bob Dole and Newt Gingrich were on the morning news programs．
4．He put his head in his hands and tried to remember his lines，but nothing _________________．
5．_____________ there was a terrific bang and a flash of smoke．
6．__________ what happened，he never lost the will to live．
prevented
from
occurs to
By coincidence
came into his mind
All of a sudden
In spite of
1．emerge vi．出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)
[聯(lián)想]　①appear v．出現(xiàn)，亮相
②arise v．出現(xiàn)
③show v．顯現(xiàn)，顯出
2．overcome vt．克服(困難)，控制(感情)；征服，戰(zhàn)勝
[聯(lián)想]　①win v．贏得，獲勝
②conquer v．征服，戰(zhàn)勝
詞匯聯(lián)想 由新知聯(lián)想已知
3．decline vi．減少，降低；婉言拒絕
[聯(lián)想]　①deny v．[正式] 拒絕，不允許
②refuse v．拒絕，回絕
③reject v．拒絕
4．in spite of 雖然；不顧；盡管……(仍……)
[聯(lián)想]　①despite prep．盡管，雖然
②although conj．盡管，雖然
③as conj．盡管，雖然
④though conj．雖然，盡管
①influential scientists有影響力的科學(xué)家
②brilliant adj．很成功的；很好的；巧妙的；聰穎的；技藝高的；使人印象深的
③theoretical adj．理論的
④cosmology n．宇宙學(xué)
⑤overcome vt．克服(困難)，控制(感情)；征服，戰(zhàn)勝
課下預(yù)習(xí)　第一篇課文
⑥challenge n．挑戰(zhàn)；質(zhì)疑；質(zhì)詢；提出異議；艱巨任務(wù)；挑戰(zhàn)書 v．對……懷疑(或質(zhì)疑)；拒絕接受；向(某人)挑戰(zhàn)
⑦ALS 肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥
⑧affect v．影響；使感染；侵襲；假裝；使悲傷(或憐憫等)
⑨slow-progressing adj．慢性的
⑩the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge劍橋天文研究所
rather than而不是
as a result結(jié)果
speech-generating equipment語音生成設(shè)備
physical adj．身體的；物理學(xué)的；物質(zhì)的；有形的
decline vi．減少，降低
cease v．停止；(使)終止；結(jié)束
the “Big Bang”宇宙大爆炸
a sort of一種
lead to通向……
A Brief History of Time：From the Big Bang to Black Holes 《時間簡史：從大爆炸到黑洞》
a simpler version一個更簡單的版本
instead of而不是
one new explanation一個新的解釋
look up朝上看
curious adj．好奇的
be curious about對……感到好奇
curiosity n．好奇，好奇心
in spite of 雖然；不顧；盡管……(仍……)
prevent...from doing sth．阻止……做某事
expectation n．預(yù)期；期望；希望；期待；指望；預(yù)料；盼望
bonus n．意外收獲，額外的好處；獎金；紅利
gravity n．重力，引力
STEPHEN HAWKING
On 14 March，2018，one of the world's most influential scientists①，Stephen Hawking，died at his home in England，aged 76．Hawking was famous，not just for his brilliant② work in theoretical③ physics and cosmology④，but also for overcoming⑤ the challenges⑥ of ALS⑦ (a disease that affects⑧ muscle control)．
Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January，1942，in Oxford．He went to the University of Oxford to study physics in 1959．At the age of 21，when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge，physicians discovered he had a rare，slow-progressing⑨ form of ALS．He was only expected to live for a few years．
Hawking later found a job at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge⑩．In the early stages of his career，his illness got worse，but he was allowed to do research only rather than teach，which was easier for him[1]．In 1985，he had to have an operation．As a result ，he lost his speech．Soon his doctors developed a piece of speech-generating equipment that allowed him to speak．However，as his illness became worse，he lost the use of his hands．
[1]but連接并列句；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾but后的句子。
Although Hawking's physical abilities declined over decades，he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes．Hawking believed that the birth of the universe (the “Big Bang” ) created many small black holes．His theory was that there was a sort of hole in the centre of a black hole[2]．This hole led to another universe，completely separate from our own．
[2]that引導(dǎo)表語從句。
Hawking also wrote books．His 1988 book，A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes ，sold one copy for every 750 people on Earth．However，many people could not really understand what he had written[3]．Therefore，Hawking decided to write a simpler version ，A Briefer History of Time (2005)．
[3]what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作understand的賓語。
In The Grand Design (2010，with Leonard Mlodinow)，Hawking argued that we should look for a different way to discover the deepest secrets of the universe．Instead of trying to find one big new explanation ，scientists should put together all the ideas that they already have[4]．
[4]that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞all the ideas。
At the opening of the London 2012 Olympics，Hawking said to a TV audience of 900 million people: “Look up at the stars and not down at your feet...be curious ．”
In spite of his disease，Hawking didn't consider himself an unlucky man．He said it had not prevented him from having a family，and being successful in his work．“My expectations were reduced to zero when I was 21．Everything since then has been a bonus ．” And he believed this was because of the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organisations[5]．
[5]省略which或that的定語從句，其先行詞是help。
Fact File
WHAT IS A BLACK HOLE
A black hole is a place in space where gravity is very strong．Anything that falls into it never comes out．Nothing can escape from it，not even light．As a result，it is impossible to see a black hole．
EHT Collaboration
斯蒂芬·霍金
2018年3月14日，世界上最有影響力的科學(xué)家之一，斯蒂芬·霍金在英格蘭的家中去世，享年76歲。霍金不僅因在理論物理學(xué)和宇宙學(xué)方面的杰出研究而著名，更是因克服了肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥(一種影響肌肉控制的疾病)的挑戰(zhàn)而令人敬佩。
1942年1月8日斯蒂芬·霍金出生于牛津，1959年進入牛津大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)物理學(xué)。21歲那年，也是霍金在劍橋大學(xué)的第一年，醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)他患有一種罕見的慢性肌萎縮側(cè)索硬化癥，預(yù)言他只能再活幾年。
后來霍金在劍橋天文研究所找了份工作。職業(yè)生涯剛一開始他的病情就開始惡化，研究所允許他可以只做研究而不用教學(xué)，這對他來說更容易。1985年，他不得不動手術(shù)，結(jié)果喪失了說話能力。很快，醫(yī)生為他開發(fā)了一種發(fā)聲設(shè)備使他能夠說話。但是，他的病情繼續(xù)惡化，手也動不了了。
盡管身體狀況不斷下降，霍金幾十年間從未停止自己的研究，他發(fā)展了一些有關(guān)黑洞的新思想。霍金認為宇宙誕生時(即宇宙大爆炸)形成了許多小黑洞，在黑洞的中心還有一種洞，這種洞通向另一個宇宙，與我們的世界完全分隔。
霍金還寫書。1988年出版的《時間簡史：從大爆炸到黑洞》一書，地球上平均每750人便購買過一本。然而，許多人并不能真正理解他寫的內(nèi)容。因此，霍金決定寫一個簡化的版本，即《時間簡史》(2005)。
在《宏偉設(shè)計》(2010年出版，與萊昂納德·蒙洛迪諾合著)一書中，霍金提出我們應(yīng)該用一種不同的方式去發(fā)現(xiàn)宇宙最深處的秘密。科學(xué)家們應(yīng)該整合已有的全部思想，而不是試圖找到一個全新的、轟動世界的說法。
在2012年倫敦奧運會開幕式上，霍金對9億電視觀眾說：“仰望星空，而不是俯視腳下……要保持好奇心。”
盡管霍金患有疾病，但他并不認為自己是個不幸的人。他說，這并沒有阻礙他擁有家庭，也沒有阻礙他在工作中取得成功。“21歲時，我的人生期望值降為零。從那以后，一切都是饋贈。”他認為自己所取得的一切都源于家人的支持和許多人及機構(gòu)的幫助。
事實檔案
什么是黑洞？
黑洞是宇宙空間中引力極其強大的地方。落入黑洞的任何物質(zhì)都不可能再出來。任何東西，包括光，都無法從黑洞中逃脫。因此，黑洞是無法直接觀測到的。
“事件視界望遠鏡”團隊
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