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英語　選擇性必修·第四冊［RJ］
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
一、構詞法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含義 例詞
ary/ ory 與……有關的或具有……性質的 secondary， victory， imaginary， revolutionary， primary
er 與……相關的人，做……的事物；比較級，表示“更” rubber， teacher， founder， manager， lawyer
fore 在前面的，之前的或預先的 forehead， foresee， forewarn， forecast， foreword
y 具有……性質的或充滿……的 dusty， rainy， sunny， funny， snowy
二、按分類填充捐贈物品的思維導圖
——Discover useful structures——
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
plug vt． 封堵；補足　n． 堵塞物；插頭；插座
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
deserve vt． 值得；應得；應受
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．disabled adj． 有殘疾的；喪失能力的→disable v． 使失去能力；使無資格；使傷殘→disability n． 缺陷；障礙
2．resign vi．& vt． 辭職；辭去→resignation n． 辭職；辭呈；放棄；順從
寫出下列句子中的短語
1．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
the only reason; run again; a big dog; running after
2．(2024·全國甲卷)And be careful about the foods you keep at hand．
be careful about; keep at hand
3．(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips．
This mountain walk; an insight into the skills required for hillwalking; get the most from; future walking trips
4．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful．
The latest engineering techniques; this protective functional structure
5．It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun．
the position of the sun
6．Compared with some people in Africa， we are better off．
Compared with; better off
7．Determined to adapt himself to the new educational reform， he began to make plans every day and carry them out．
Determined to adapt; the new educational reform; make plans; carry them out
8．Reading books is a great way to broaden one's knowledge and imagination．
Reading books; a great way; broaden one's knowledge and imagination
探究一　熱詞
1．deserve vt． 值得；應得；應受(教材P40)
deserving adj． 值得的；應得的 deservedly adv． 應得地；理所當然地 deserve doing/to be done 值得被做……(主語是動詞do的承受者) deserve to do 應該做……(do為主語發出的動作) deserve consideration/attention 值得考慮/注意
①The charity organization works tirelessly to help those most deserving in our community．
這家慈善組織不懈努力，幫助社區中最需要幫助的人。
②He deserves praising for his outstanding efforts in leading the team to victory．
他應該得到表揚，因為他出色地領導團隊取得了勝利。
③The ancient ruins deserve to be preserved for future generations to appreciate．
這些古代遺跡值得被保存下來，供后代欣賞。
④He deserves to win the award for his years of dedication to the community．
因他多年來對社區的貢獻，他應該獲得這個獎項。
　動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義的搭配還有： want/need/require doing＝want/need/require to be done (某事)需要被做 be worth doing (某事)值得被做
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He deservedly (deserve) received the award for his outstanding leadership and innovative ideas．
②The employee's hard work and dedication made him a deserving (deserve) candidate for the position．
【學會表達】翻譯
③你做了這么多努力，應該休息一下，放松放松。
You deserve to take a break and relax after all the hard work you've put in．
④這本書值得每一個熱愛文學的人閱讀。
The book deserves to be read by everyone who loves literature．
2．disabled adj． 有殘疾的；喪失能力的→disable v． 使失去能力；使無資格；使傷殘→disability n． 缺陷；障礙
The government has implemented various measures to ensure that people with disabilities have equal access to opportunities， thereby minimizing the disabling effects of their disabilities and empowering them to live fulfilling lives．
政府已實施各種措施，以確保殘疾人能夠平等地獲得機會，從而最大程度地減少其殘疾帶來的不利影響，使他們能夠過上充實的生活。
3．resign vi．& vt． 辭職；辭去→resignation n． 辭職；辭呈；放棄；順從
Facing immense pressure from all sides， she finally decided to resign from her position， and her resignation was met with a mix of surprise and regret by her colleagues．
面對來自各方的巨大壓力，她最終決定辭去她的職位，而她的辭職讓同事們既感到驚訝又感到遺憾。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Despite being disabled (disable)， he never let his condition hold him back and went on to achieve great success in his field．
②After years of service， he submitted his resignation (resign) with a heavy heart， but his letter was filled with gratitude for the opportunities he had been given．
【學會表達】完成句子
③通過堅持不懈的努力和社區的支持，他已經將自己的殘疾轉化為力量，激勵了許多人。
Through perseverance and the support of his community， he has turned his disability into strengths and is an inspiration to many．
探究二　長難句分析
4．There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories．(教材P41) 毫無疑問，這些活動會給你留下難忘的回憶。
【分析】　There is no doubt that ．．． 為固定句型，意為“毫無疑問……”，that引導同位語從句，解釋說明doubt的內容。 doubt 其他常見句式及搭配： There is some doubt whether ．．． 對是否……有疑問 I don't/never (have) doubt that ．．． 我確信……；我不懷疑…… I doubt whether/if ．．． 我懷疑是否…… without/beyond doubt 無疑；必定
①There's no doubt that one day a cure to the disease will be found．
毫無疑問，總有一天會找到治愈這種疾病的方法。
②I never had any doubt (that) you would win．
我確信你會贏。
③You can complain， but I doubt if it'll make any difference．
你可以抱怨，但我懷疑這是否會有什么影響。
④The Premier League is without doubt the most demanding and competitive league in the world．
毫無疑問，英超聯賽是世界上要求最高、競爭最激烈的聯賽。
　(1)當名詞doubt用在否定句中時，后面接that引導的同位語從句；用在肯定句中時，后面接whether引導的同位語從句，注意此時不可以用if替換whether。 (2)及物動詞doubt后接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后面接that引導的賓語從句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①There can be little doubt that he will offend again．
②He doubted if/whether he would learn anything new from Marie．
③He is without/beyond doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught．
【學會表達】翻譯
④我不敢肯定這個新的是否會好些。
I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better．
探究三　短語(復習)
短語：短語(詞組)是指由兩個及以上的單詞組合而成的一個有意義的語法單位。
語法點1　構成
短語可分為名詞短語、動詞短語、形容詞短語、副詞短語和介詞短語 5種。
語法點2　用法
(1)名詞短語
名詞與它的修飾語一起構成名詞短語。
1)前置定語(有限定詞與形容詞兩種)＋名詞
限定詞(冠詞，數詞，指示代詞，不定代詞等)＋名詞
twelve dwarfs 十二個小矮人， another chance 另一個機會
形容詞＋名詞
beautiful flowers 漂亮的花， pleasant trips 愉快的旅行
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞
the best answer 最佳答案， these innocent people 這些無辜的人
2)名詞＋后置定語(介詞短語/分詞短語/不定式短語/形容詞短語/定語從句/同位語從句等)
3)前置定語＋名詞＋后置定語
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞＋介詞短語
The old house behind the cinema is a drugstore．
電影院后面的舊房子是一家藥店。
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞＋分詞短語
That old man standing against the wall looks frustrated．
那個靠墻站著的老人看上去很沮喪。
限定詞＋名詞＋不定式短語
Our goal to go to university is about to be realized．
我們上大學的目標即將實現。
限定詞＋名詞＋形容詞短語
The world full of wonders attracted me deeply．
這個充滿奇跡的世界深深地吸引了我。
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞＋定語從句
How much is this old house you bought
你買的這幢舊房子花了多少錢？
限定詞＋名詞＋同位語從句
I have no idea when he will return．
我不知道他什么時候會回來。
(2)動詞短語
動詞加介詞或副詞等構成詞組后，在意義上和原來的動詞不同，這種詞組叫短語動詞或動詞短語。
1)動詞＋副詞
有的動詞短語一般不跟賓語，如go ahead， fall behind， get up， lie down， go up， run out， give in， stay up等。
①My passport has run out．
我的護照已失效。
②Under no conditions should we give in．
無論如何我們不應屈服。
有的動詞短語可以跟賓語，如put off， carry out， give up， wake up， check in， eat up， fill in， find out， fix up， hand in， mix up， look up， make out， turn down， work out等。
①We've decided to put the meeting off/put off the meeting．
我們決定推遲會議。
②We've decided to put it off．
我們決定將它推遲。(不用put off it)
　賓語是名詞時，放在副詞前面或后面都可以，但作賓語的若是人稱代詞時，只能放在動詞和副詞之間。
2)動詞＋介詞
如ask for， care for， call for， break into， deal with， call on， look for等。
①I don't care for tea．
我不喜歡喝茶。
②This plan will call for a lot of money．
這個計劃將需要很多錢。
3)動詞＋副詞＋介詞
如look forward to， put up with， look up to， go in for， go along with， date back to， look down on， keep up with， catch up with， add up to， run out of等。
①I'm now looking forward to going back to work as soon as possible．
我現在渴望盡快回到工作中。
②She soon caught up with us．
她很快就趕上了我們。
4)動詞＋名詞＋介詞
如take care of， pay attention to， make use of， make contribution to等。
①Take care of your brother while I am away．
我不在的時候，你要照顧好弟弟。
②There is a great deal here that you can make use of．
這里有許多你可以利用的東西。
(3)形容詞短語
形容詞短語是指由幾個形容詞或形容詞及其修飾詞構成的短語。
1)兩個或多個形容詞可以由and， but等連詞連接，構成形容詞短語。
①Your room is large and beautiful．
你的房間又大又好看。
②He is young but experienced．
他雖然年輕但經驗豐富。
2)very， awfully， enough， rather等程度副詞作修飾語，可與形容詞構成形容詞短語。
①It is very hot today．
今天很熱。
②The road is long enough．
這條路足夠長。
3)介詞及其賓語在形容詞后作修飾語，可與形容詞構成形容詞短語。
①I am sure of success．
我確信會成功的。
②The bottle is full of water．
瓶子里裝滿了水。
4)不定式在形容詞后作修飾語，可與形容詞構成形容詞短語。
①He is sure to come．
他一定會來的。
②She is very nice to talk to．
和她交談很愉快。
(4)副詞短語
副詞短語是指由多個副詞或副詞及其修飾語構成的短語。
1)多個副詞可以由and， but等連詞連接，構成副詞短語。
①I tried again and again．
我嘗試了一遍又一遍。
②She types quickly and correctly．
她打字又快又準。
2)very， extremely， rather， enough等程度副詞作修飾語，可與其他副詞構成副詞短語。
①He runs extremely fast．
他跑得非?？?。
②The teacher speaks clearly enough．
老師說得很清楚。
3)介詞及其賓語在副詞后修飾副詞，可與副詞構成副詞短語。
①He ran fast on his way home．
他在回家的路上跑得很快。
②He speaks English slowly to his students．
他以緩慢的語速對他的學生們講英語。
(5)介詞短語
介詞短語又叫介賓短語，是介詞與其后的賓語構成的詞組。
1)介詞短語可以用作表語
①This company is badly in need of new blood．
這個公司急需新人。
②The book you want is on the table．
你要的那本書在桌子上。
2)介詞短語可以用作狀語
①The children are playing by the river．
孩子們正在河邊玩耍。
②With the help of this machine， we can make a new product．
利用這臺機器，我們能夠生產一種新產品。
3)介詞短語可以用作定語
①The woman in the room is his wife．
房間里的那位女士是他的妻子。
②China is a country with a long history．
中國是一個歷史悠久的國家。
　短語介詞相當于一個介詞的詞組，它不能單獨作句子成分。如：in front of， at the back of等。
(1)單句語法填空
①To our embarrassment (embarrass)， some students spoke loudly when attending the lecture．
②He struck the table with his fist rather heavily (heavy)．
③Despite a chorus of voices calling for his rest， he still sticks to his post．
④He is a nice fellow and easy to get (get) along with．
⑤Many pavilions have been built to shade the walkers from/against the sunlight．
(2)完成句子
①盡管可能會冒犯她，但我還是得告訴她實情。
At the risk of offending her， I have to tell her the truth．
②但愿你可以調整狀態，在期末考試中獲得勝利。
I pray that you can adjust your state and succeed in the final exam．
③我來是為了與您就正在討論的業務簽訂一份合同。
I have come to make a contract with you for the business under discussion．
④中國新年的習俗因地而異。
The customs of Chinese New Year may vary from place to place．
⑤人們通常把幸福與金錢聯系在一起，這是完全錯誤的。
People usually relate happiness to money， which is totally wrong．
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列詞綴的含義及例詞
1．fore →在前面的，之前的或預先的→forehead; foresee
2． y→具有……性質的或充滿……的→dusty; rainy
3． ary/ ory→與……有關的或具有……性質的→secondary; victory
4． er→與……相關的人，做……的事物；比較級，表示“更”→rubber; founder
(二)選詞填空
deserve， disabled， responsible， plug， resign
1．The accident left him partially disabled， requiring him to use a wheelchair for mobility．
2．After years of hard work and little recognition， she finally submitted her resignation letter in frustration．
3．He was deservedly promoted to the position of manager for his exceptional performance and dedication to the company．
4．The technician quickly plugged the leak in the pipeline， preventing further damage to the environment．
5．As the project leader， she felt fully responsible for ensuring the success of the mission and the safety of her team．
維度二　語法運用
(三)單句語法填空
1．The money saved could be used for more deserving (deserve) causes．
2．If a plug is wired incorrectly， it can be dangerous．
3．They cared for their disabled (disable) son for 27 years， at great personal sacrifice．
4．There is no doubt that global warming has become one of the biggest problems we face today．
5．You wouldn't believe the amount of trouble I've had with this car．
維度三　素養提升
(四)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．這位世界著名的畫家的杰作在拍賣會上創下了天價。
The world famous painter's masterpiece fetched a record breaking price at the auction．
2．她穿著一條極其漂亮的禮服去參加畢業舞會，成為了全場的焦點。
She wore a stunningly beautiful dress to the prom， making her the center of attention．
3．讓我們立刻開始那個項目吧。
Let's start working on that project right away．
(五)翻譯
1．完成家庭作業后，她出去和朋友們玩了。
After finishing her homework， she went out to play with her friends．
2．那本書在書桌上面的架子上，花瓶旁邊。
The book is on the shelf above the desk， next to the vase．
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·吉林省松原市高二下期末)I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries． I skillfully arranged all the __1__ in her car trunk． She tried to slip me a $20 bill， but I __2__．
“Thank you， madam， but it's all part of my __3__． I don't require a tip，” I explained with a smile．
However， the customer insisted on showing her __4__． “You're always so __5__ and diligent! Let me assist you a little．”
Grateful for her __6__ intention， yet aware of our company policy， I replied， “I __7__ appreciate your generosity， ma'am， but I'm not __8__ to accept tips． A simple ‘thank you’ is enough．”
Reluctantly， she expressed her gratitude． “Well， then ．．． thank you．”
Then， something __9__ happened． She pretended to put the __10__ in her pocket， only to drop it on the ground． With a playful tone， she remarked that it would be a __11__ to let it go to waste． She got in her car and __12__， leaving me amused．
Picking up the $20 bill， a wave of warmth came over me． Small moments of connection and lightheartedness like this __13__ our days． It reminded me that kindness comes in many __14__， even in playful pranks (玩笑)． Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者幫助了一位老人，盡管作者拒絕小費，但老人還是以一種玩笑的方式留下了小費，這讓作者感受到了人與人之間的溫情與善良。
1．A．items B．tools
C．bags D．drinks
答案：A
解析：根據上文“an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries”可知，作者熟練地把老人購買的所有商品都放在她的汽車后備箱里。故選A。
2．A．agreed B．missed
C．declined D．hesitated
答案：C
解析：根據下文“I don't require a tip”可知，作者拒絕了老人提供的20美元鈔票。故選C。
3．A．life B．job
C．mind D．aim
答案：B
解析：根據下文“However， the customer”可知，作者拒絕了老人的好意，認為這是自己工作的一部分。故選B。
4．A．support B．selflessness
C．concern D．appreciation
答案：D
解析：根據下文“she expressed her gratitude”可知，老人堅持給小費是為了表示感謝。故選D。
5．A．respectful B．careful
C．helpful D．useful
答案：C
解析：根據上文“I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries．”可知，老人夸贊作者樂于助人。故選C。
6．A．obvious B．kind
C．awkward D．extra
答案：B
解析：根據上文“Let me assist you a little．”可知，作者對老人的善意表示感激。故選B。
7．A．genuinely B．formally
C．curiously D．responsibly
答案：A
解析：根據上文“You're always ．．． a little．”可知，作者真誠地感謝老人的慷慨。故選A。
8．A．bothered B．encouraged
C．designed D．allowed
答案：D
解析：根據上文“yet aware of our company policy”可知，公司不允許員工收取小費。故選D。
9．A．unique B．exciting
C．unexpected D．graceful
答案：C
解析：根據下文“unexpected moments”可知，意想不到的事情發生了。故選C。
10．A．hand B．money
C．key D．ticket
答案：B
解析：根據下文“Picking up the $20 bill”可知，她假裝把錢放進口袋。故選B。
11．A．shame B．joy
C．surprise D．pleasure
答案：A
解析：根據下文“let it go to waste”可知，浪費是一種恥辱。故選A。
12．A．left alone B．walked out
C．drove off D．ran away
答案：C
解析：根據上文“She got in her car”以及下文“leaving me amused”可知，她開車走了。故選C。
13．A．brighten B．spoil
C．enrich D．relate
答案：A
解析：根據下文“it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life”可知，這樣的善舉照亮了我們的日子。故選A。
14．A．times B．places
C．states D．forms
答案：D
解析：根據上文故事以及下文“even in playful pranks (玩笑)”可知，老人給小費的形式很出人意料，作者意識到善意有很多種形式。故選D。
15．A．ensure B．remind
C．force D．advise
答案：B
解析：根據上文“Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces”可知，意想不到的時刻讓我們的臉上露出笑容，提醒我們要珍惜生活中的小事。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河南省開封市高二下期中)
How Can Volunteering
Help You Get a Good Job
Sometimes， by giving just a little， you can get a lot back in return． This couldn't ring more true for volunteering． Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability．
__1__
Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (簡歷)—it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility． So， if the “work experience” section of your CV is looking a little bare， volunteering is a great way to flesh it out． Even if the role isn't super relevant to the job you want after university， so long as there are transferable (可遷移的) skills， it will be valuable for your CV．
Introduce you to new people
If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in， it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field． __2__． They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．
Help you develop valuable skills
__3__， but getting hands on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly． Lectures and seminars can't really teach you personal skills like leadership， time management， how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner， which are all valuable to employers． __4__．
Boost your confidence
You'll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project． __5__． All of this—as well as the practical experience itself—will boost your confidence， meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself．
A．Improve your CV
B．Update your interview skills
C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead
D．University prepares you for work academically
E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more
F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued
G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains， get insider advice and find out job opportunities
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了志愿活動對就業有好處的幾個方面。
1．答案：A
解析：設空處為本段小標題。根據下文“Employers like to see ．．． to flesh it out．”可知，本段主要講述了志愿者的經歷能夠幫助你豐富簡歷，A項(改善你的簡歷)概括本段內容，適合作為本段小標題。故選A。
2．答案：G
解析：根據上文“If you are volunteering in the sector ．．． have already broken into the field．”及下文“They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．”可知，設空處應講述這些已經進入該領域的人能夠對你提供的幫助，G項(利用這個機會集思廣益，聽取內部人士的建議，并尋找工作機會)符合語境。故選G。
3．答案：D
解析：根據下文“but getting hands on experience ．．． into employment smoothly”可知，下文強調了實踐經驗的重要性，再根據下文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ．．． which are all valuable to employers．”可知，設空處講述的內容應與學校學習有關，D項(大學從學術上為你的工作做好準備)與下文構成轉折關系。故選D。
4．答案：E
解析：根據本段小標題“Help you develop valuable skills (幫助你培養有價值的技能)”及上文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ．．． which are all valuable to employers．”可知，設空處應講述志愿活動可以幫助獲得講座和研討會不能獲得的東西，E項(志愿活動可以幫助你得到所有的這些，甚至更多)符合語境。故選E。
5．答案：F
解析：根據上文“You'll experience ．．． for a worthwhile project．”及下文“All of this ．．． belief in yourself．”可知，設空處應講述志愿活動給你帶來的心理上的好處，F項(它能給你一種全新的使命感，讓你覺得自己被重視了)符合語境。故選F。
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·安徽省安慶市高二下期末)Children in one village in the Qianxinan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province have a new place to spend their vacations—a library in a karst cave (溶洞) built by a local charity group．
__1__ (situate) in Banwan village， the library became a must visit place for __2__ (tourist) during the recent holidays．
“Developing a culture of reading in a rural community is not __3__ easy thing， because it is not a necessity for residents． This is why the library has an __4__ (appeal) design， which helps encourage potential readers，”says Zhou Beilei， head of the Dashan Xiaoai charity．
This is the __5__ (eight) library that the charity has built to help rural residents， __6__ (especial) children learn． Zhou， who __7__ (work) in rural education in the past 10 years， discovers that rural children， many of __8__ live with relatives because their parents have migrated to cities to work， do not have a place to spend quality time after school．
She says that if we take school vacations and festival holidays into account， students in Qianxinan spend more than 180 days staying at home， where most have no access __9__ educational resources． “This is why we decided to build libraries for the children __10__ (develop) their love for reading，” Zhou says．
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________
5．________　6．________　7．________　8．________
9．________　10．________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了貴州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州的開在溶洞里的鄉村圖書館。
1．答案：Situated
解析：考查非謂語動詞。主語the library與situate之間為被動關系，應用過去分詞作狀語。位于句首，單詞首字母應大寫。故填Situated。
2．答案：tourists
解析：考查名詞。tourist為可數名詞，此處是指這個圖書館成了眾多游客的必去之地，應用名詞復數作賓語。故填tourists。
3．答案：an
解析：考查冠詞。thing為可數名詞，此處泛指“一件容易的事情”，且easy的發音以元音音素開頭，應用不定冠詞an。故填an。
4．答案：appealing
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處修飾名詞design，應用形容詞appealing作定語，意為“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
5．答案：eighth
解析：考查數詞。根據設空前的the可知，此處指“第八個”，應用序數詞eighth。故填eighth。
6．答案：especially
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞especially作狀語，意為“尤其是，特別是”。故填especially。
7．答案：has worked/has been working
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。設空處為who引導的定語從句的謂語，主語who指代先行詞Zhou，為單數，且根據時間狀語in the past 10 years可知，此處應用現在完成時，也可以理解為動作的持續和可能繼續持續下去，因此也可用現在完成進行時。故填has worked/has been working。
8．答案：whom
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為rural children，指人，從句中缺少介詞of的賓語，應用關系代詞whom引導。故填whom。
9．答案：to
解析：考查介詞。have no access to意為“無法獲得”，為固定搭配。故填to。
10．答案：to develop
解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“我們決定為孩子們修建圖書館的目的是培養他們對閱讀的熱愛”，應用不定式作目的狀語。故填to develop。
　精深閱讀
(2024·福建省福州市聯盟校高二下期末)It was the summer of 1979， Laurie， my wife， and I were excited to spend two weeks exploring Africa． Our adventures led us to a city called Tétouan in Morocco． We were walking in the marketplace when I saw her．
She was about 20 feet from us， lying flat on her stomach， pulling herself across the streets． Her hands were dirty and bloodied， covered with cuts． People were rushing past her． She was almost invisible to everyone around her． The crowd was sweeping us down the street， little fazed by the woman's situation．
“We have to do something，” I said to Laurie． She nodded． We looked up and down the street， searching for something to buy her， anything with wheels． But before we could figure out a way to help her， she was gone．
Many years later， as I walked through our living room past an old wheelchair， I suddenly stopped dead in my tracks． My thoughts flew back to that woman in the marketplace． I wondered if there was a way to make a wheelchair that would be durable yet lightweight， easy to produce， and affordable to transport． I began to draw designs for a prototype． Several materials crossed my mind: steel， iron， and plastic． But for the longest time， I was stuck． We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． The white resin (樹脂) lawn chair．
In 2001， our humanitarian nonprofit， Free Wheelchair Mission， was born． Over the past two decades， we have given away wheelchairs to over 1．3 million people across five continents． The gift of mobility transforms the lives of people living with disabilities． That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過制作輪椅幫助他人的故事。
1．What does the underlined word “fazed” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Bothered． B．Convinced．
C．Motivated． D．Threatened．
答案：A
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前的“She was almost ．．． down the street”可知，周圍的人對她視而不見，并沒有對她的處境感到“困擾”，faze意為“使困擾”，與bother同義。故選A。
2．How did the author feel about the woman
A．Slightly embarrassed． B．Slightly guilty．
C．Full of fear． D．Full of sympathy．
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“We looked up and down ．．． anything with wheels．”可推知，作者對這個女人充滿同情。故選D。
3．What troubled the author most when he started to build a wheelchair
A．Its special design． B．Its ideal material．
C．Its traveling distance． D．Its particular function．
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Several materials crossed my mind ．．． I was stuck．”可知，當作者開始制作輪椅時，理想的材料最困擾他。故選B。
4．Why does the author share his story in his new book
A．To draw more attention to the disabled．
B．To attract readers to join his organization．
C．To use it as an introduction to the new book．
D．To encourage readers to find meaning in assisting others．
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“That's why I tell our story ．．． by helping others in need．”可知，作者在他的新書中分享他的故事，是為了鼓勵讀者通過幫助有需要的人來找到自己的目標。由此可推知，作者想通過他的故事鼓勵讀者在幫助他人中找到意義。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．marketplace n． 市場，市集
2．bloodied adj． 沾滿血跡的
3．invisible adj． 看不見的，隱形的
4．durable adj． 耐用的，持久的
5．mobility n． 靈活性，流動能力；活動性
(二)高頻短語
6．look up and down 四處搜尋，上下打量
7．figure out 找出；查明
8．give away 贈送；送出
9．encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵某人做某事
10．in need 在困境中，貧困的
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．The mountain was breathtakingly beautiful， its peaks covered with a thick blanket of white snow．
2．Despite facing various disabilities (disable)， she remains determined and has inspired many with her unwavering spirit．
3．It not only tasted better but was more affordable (afford) and easier to keep．
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．As you approach the town， you'll see the college on the left．接近，靠近
5．The new backpack is designed to be lightweight and durable， making it perfect for hiking and outdoor adventures．重量輕的
6．Over the past decades， technology has advanced rapidly， transforming the way we live and work．數十年
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
transform， situation， excite
1．The present circumstance is quite challenging， requiring us to think outside the box for solutions．situation
2．The prospect of the upcoming trip has thrilled me beyond measure， and I can hardly contain my enthusiasm．excited
3．The innovative technology has changed the way we communicate， making instant global connections possible．transformed
(六)長難句分析
That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
句意：這就是我在我的新書《奇跡之輪：為世界帶來行動力的使命故事》中講述我們的故事的原因，不僅是為了分享我尋找人生目標的歷程，也是為了鼓勵你們通過幫助需要幫助的人，在你們自己的旅程中找到人生目標。
分析：主干是That's why I tell our story；why引導表語從句；not only ．．． but also ．．． 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式短語作目的狀語；journey后的動詞不定式短語to find purpose作后置定語，you后的動詞不定式短語to find purpose作賓語補足語。
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．When he saw the bear approaching， he stopped dead (突然停止) in his tracks， frozen with fear．
2．After hours of brainstorming， the team finally figured out a way (找到一個方法) to overcome the technical hurdle．
(八)仿寫句子
We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． (was/were doing ．．． when ．．． )
仿寫：我正要吃完早餐時，突然停電了。
I was just finishing my breakfast when suddenly the power went out．
2(共105張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 4　SHARING
單元主題：人與社會——志愿服務
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含義 例詞
ary/ ory ____________________________ ___________， victory， imaginary， revolutionary， primary
er ______________，____________；比較級，表示“更” ________， teacher， founder， manager， lawyer
fore __________，之前的或________ ___________， foresee， forewarn， forecast， foreword
y ______________或充滿……的 ______， rainy， sunny， funny， snowy
一、構詞法
與……有關的或具有……性質的
secondary
與……相關的人
做……的事物
rubber
在前面的
預先的
forehead
具有……性質的
dusty
二、按分類填充捐贈物品的思維導圖
tablet, pan, clean water, food
pencil, uniform, laptop, rubber
desk, platform, playground
textbook, blackboard
WELCOME UNIT
——Discover useful structures——
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
自主學習 課時語法
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業
5
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
plug vt． _____________　n． ______________________
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
_________ vt． 值得；應得；應受
封堵；補足
堵塞物；插頭；插座
deserve
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．disabled adj． 有殘疾的；喪失能力的→________ v． 使失去能力；使無資格；使傷殘→_________ n． 缺陷；障礙
2．resign vi．& vt． 辭職；辭去→__________ n． 辭職；辭呈；放棄；順從
disable
disability
resignation
自主學習　課時語法
寫出下列句子中的短語
1．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
___________________________________________
2．(2024·全國甲卷)And be careful about the foods you keep at hand．
___________________________
the only reason; run again; a big dog; running after
be careful about; keep at hand
3．(2024·新課標Ⅱ卷)This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips．
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4．(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful．
_________________________________________________________
5．It uses its eyes to measure the position of the sun．
_____________________
This mountain walk; an insight into the skills required for hillwalking; get the most from; future walking trips
The latest engineering techniques; this protective functional structure
the position of the sun
6．Compared with some people in Africa， we are better off．
_________________________
7．Determined to adapt himself to the new educational reform， he began to make plans every day and carry them out．
_______________________________________________________________
8．Reading books is a great way to broaden one's knowledge and imagination．
_____________________________________________________________
Compared with; better off
Determined to adapt; the new educational reform; make plans; carry them out
Reading books; a great way; broaden one's knowledge and imagination
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
1．deserve vt． 值得；應得；應受(教材P40)
deserving adj． 值得的；應得的
deservedly adv． 應得地；理所當然地
deserve doing/to be done 值得被做……(主語是動詞do的承受者)
deserve to do 應該做……(do為主語發出的動作)
deserve consideration/attention 值得考慮/注意
①The charity organization works tirelessly to help those most deserving in our community．
這家慈善組織不懈努力，幫助社區中最需要幫助的人。
②He deserves praising for his outstanding efforts in leading the team to victory．
他應該得到表揚，因為他出色地領導團隊取得了勝利。
③The ancient ruins deserve to be preserved for future generations to appreciate．
這些古代遺跡值得被保存下來，供后代欣賞。
④He deserves to win the award for his years of dedication to the community．
因他多年來對社區的貢獻，他應該獲得這個獎項。
　 動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義的搭配還有：
want/need/require doing＝want/need/require to be done (某事)需要被做
be worth doing (某事)值得被做
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He ___________ (deserve) received the award for his outstanding leadership and innovative ideas．
②The employee’s hard work and dedication made him a ___________ (deserve) candidate for the position．
deservedly
deserving
【學會表達】翻譯
③你做了這么多努力，應該休息一下，放松放松。
_______________________________________________________________
④這本書值得每一個熱愛文學的人閱讀。
________________________________________________________________
You deserve to take a break and relax after all the hard work you've put in．
The book deserves to be read by everyone who loves literature．
2．disabled adj． 有殘疾的；喪失能力的→_________ v． 使失去能力；使無資格；使傷殘→___________ n． 缺陷；障礙
The government has implemented various measures to ensure that people with disabilities have equal access to opportunities， thereby minimizing the disabling effects of their disabilities and empowering them to live fulfilling lives．
政府已實施各種措施，以確保殘疾人能夠平等地獲得機會，從而最大程度地減少其殘疾帶來的不利影響，使他們能夠過上充實的生活。
disable
disability
Facing immense pressure from all sides， she finally decided to resign from her position， and her resignation was met with a mix of surprise and regret by her colleagues．
面對來自各方的巨大壓力，她最終決定辭去她的職位，而她的辭職讓同事們既感到驚訝又感到遺憾。
3．resign vi．& vt． 辭職；辭去→___________ n． 辭職；辭呈；放棄；順從
resignation
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Despite being __________ (disable)， he never let his condition hold him back and went on to achieve great success in his field．
②After years of service， he submitted his _____________ (resign) with a heavy heart， but his letter was filled with gratitude for the opportunities he had been given．
disabled
resignation
【學會表達】完成句子
③通過堅持不懈的努力和社區的支持，他已經將自己的殘疾轉化為力量，激勵了許多人。
Through perseverance and the support of his community， __________________ ______________________ and is an inspiration to many．
he has turned his
disability into strengths
探究二　長難句分析
4．There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories．(教材P41)
毫無疑問，這些活動會給你留下難忘的回憶。
【分析】　There is no doubt that ... 為固定句型，意為“毫無疑問……”，that引導同位語從句，解釋說明doubt的內容。
doubt 其他常見句式及搭配：
There is some doubt whether ... 對是否……有疑問
I don't/never (have) doubt that ... 我確信……；我不懷疑……
I doubt whether/if ... 我懷疑是否……
without/beyond doubt 無疑；必定
①There's no doubt that one day a cure to the disease will be found．
毫無疑問，總有一天會找到治愈這種疾病的方法。
②I never had any doubt (that) you would win．
我確信你會贏。
③You can complain， but I doubt if it'll make any difference．
你可以抱怨，但我懷疑這是否會有什么影響。
④The Premier League is without doubt the most demanding and competitive league in the world．
毫無疑問，英超聯賽是世界上要求最高、競爭最激烈的聯賽。
(1)當名詞doubt用在否定句中時，后面接that引導的同位語從句；用在肯定句中時，后面接whether引導的同位語從句，注意此時不可以用if替換whether。
(2)及物動詞doubt后接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后面接that引導的賓語從句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①There can be little doubt _______ he will offend again．
②He doubted __________ he would learn anything new from Marie．
③He is ________________ doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught．
【學會表達】翻譯
④我不敢肯定這個新的是否會好些。
____________________________________________
that
if/whether
without/beyond
I doubt whether/if the new one will be any better．
探究三　短語(復習)
短語可分為名詞短語、動詞短語、形容詞短語、副詞短語和介詞短語 5種。
(1)名詞短語
名詞與它的修飾語一起構成名詞短語。
短語：短語(詞組)是指由兩個及以上的單詞組合而成的一個有意義的語法單位。
語法點1　構成
語法點2　用法
1)前置定語(有限定詞與形容詞兩種)＋名詞
限定詞(冠詞，數詞，指示代詞，不定代詞等)＋名詞
twelve dwarfs 十二個小矮人， another chance 另一個機會
形容詞＋名詞
beautiful flowers 漂亮的花， pleasant trips 愉快的旅行
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞
the best answer 最佳答案， these innocent people 這些無辜的人
2)名詞＋后置定語(介詞短語/分詞短語/不定式短語/形容詞短語/定語從句/同位語從句等)
3)前置定語＋名詞＋后置定語
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞＋介詞短語
The old house behind the cinema is a drugstore．
電影院后面的舊房子是一家藥店。
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞＋分詞短語
That old man standing against the wall looks frustrated．
那個靠墻站著的老人看上去很沮喪。
限定詞＋名詞＋不定式短語
Our goal to go to university is about to be realized．
我們上大學的目標即將實現。
限定詞＋名詞＋形容詞短語
The world full of wonders attracted me deeply．
這個充滿奇跡的世界深深地吸引了我。
限定詞＋形容詞＋名詞＋定語從句
How much is this old house you bought
你買的這幢舊房子花了多少錢？
限定詞＋名詞＋同位語從句
I have no idea when he will return．
我不知道他什么時候會回來。
(2)動詞短語
動詞加介詞或副詞等構成詞組后，在意義上和原來的動詞不同，這種詞組叫短語動詞或動詞短語。
1)動詞＋副詞
有的動詞短語一般不跟賓語，如go ahead， fall behind， get up， lie down， go up， run out， give in， stay up等。
①My passport has run out．
我的護照已失效。
②Under no conditions should we give in．
無論如何我們不應屈服。
有的動詞短語可以跟賓語，如put off， carry out， give up， wake up， check in， eat up， fill in， find out， fix up， hand in， mix up， look up， make out， turn down， work out等。
①We've decided to put the meeting off/put off the meeting．
我們決定推遲會議。
②We've decided to put it off．
我們決定將它推遲。(不用put off it)
2)動詞＋介詞
如ask for， care for， call for， break into， deal with， call on， look for等。
①I don't care for tea．
我不喜歡喝茶。
②This plan will call for a lot of money．
這個計劃將需要很多錢。
　 賓語是名詞時，放在副詞前面或后面都可以，但作賓語的若是人稱代詞時，只能放在動詞和副詞之間。
3)動詞＋副詞＋介詞
如look forward to， put up with， look up to， go in for， go along with， date back to， look down on， keep up with， catch up with， add up to， run out of等。
①I'm now looking forward to going back to work as soon as possible．
我現在渴望盡快回到工作中。
②She soon caught up with us．
她很快就趕上了我們。
4)動詞＋名詞＋介詞
如take care of， pay attention to， make use of， make contribution to等。
①Take care of your brother while I am away．
我不在的時候，你要照顧好弟弟。
②There is a great deal here that you can make use of．
這里有許多你可以利用的東西。
(3)形容詞短語
形容詞短語是指由幾個形容詞或形容詞及其修飾詞構成的短語。
1)兩個或多個形容詞可以由and， but等連詞連接，構成形容詞短語。
①Your room is large and beautiful．
你的房間又大又好看。
②He is young but experienced．
他雖然年輕但經驗豐富。
2)very， awfully， enough， rather等程度副詞作修飾語，可與形容詞構成形容詞短語。
①It is very hot today．
今天很熱。
②The road is long enough．
這條路足夠長。
3)介詞及其賓語在形容詞后作修飾語，可與形容詞構成形容詞短語。
①I am sure of success．
我確信會成功的。
②The bottle is full of water．
瓶子里裝滿了水。
4)不定式在形容詞后作修飾語，可與形容詞構成形容詞短語。
①He is sure to come．
他一定會來的。
②She is very nice to talk to．
和她交談很愉快。
(4)副詞短語
副詞短語是指由多個副詞或副詞及其修飾語構成的短語。
1)多個副詞可以由and， but等連詞連接，構成副詞短語。
①I tried again and again．
我嘗試了一遍又一遍。
②She types quickly and correctly．
她打字又快又準。
2)very， extremely， rather， enough等程度副詞作修飾語，可與其他副詞構成副詞短語。
①He runs extremely fast．
他跑得非?？臁?br/>②The teacher speaks clearly enough．
老師說得很清楚。
3)介詞及其賓語在副詞后修飾副詞，可與副詞構成副詞短語。
①He ran fast on his way home．
他在回家的路上跑得很快。
②He speaks English slowly to his students．
他以緩慢的語速對他的學生們講英語。
(5)介詞短語
介詞短語又叫介賓短語，是介詞與其后的賓語構成的詞組。
1)介詞短語可以用作表語
①This company is badly in need of new blood．
這個公司急需新人。
②The book you want is on the table．
你要的那本書在桌子上。
2)介詞短語可以用作狀語
①The children are playing by the river．
孩子們正在河邊玩耍。
②With the help of this machine， we can make a new product．
利用這臺機器，我們能夠生產一種新產品。
3)介詞短語可以用作定語
①The woman in the room is his wife．
房間里的那位女士是他的妻子。
②China is a country with a long history．
中國是一個歷史悠久的國家。
　 短語介詞相當于一個介詞的詞組，它不能單獨作句子成分。如：in front of， at the back of等。
(1)單句語法填空
①To our __________________ (embarrass)， some students spoke loudly when attending the lecture．
②He struck the table with his fist rather __________ (heavy)．
③Despite a chorus of voices calling for his rest， he still sticks _____ his post．
④He is a nice fellow and easy ________ (get) along with．
⑤Many pavilions have been built to shade the walkers ___________ the sunlight．
embarrassment
heavily
to
to get
from/against
(2)完成句子
①盡管可能會冒犯她，但我還是得告訴她實情。
__________________________， I have to tell her the truth．
②但愿你可以調整狀態，在期末考試中獲得勝利。
I pray that you can adjust your state and ________________________．
At the risk of offending her
succeed in the final exam
③我來是為了與您就正在討論的業務簽訂一份合同。
I have come to make a contract with you _______________ under discussion．
④中國新年的習俗因地而異。
The customs of Chinese New Year may vary ___________________．
⑤人們通常把幸福與金錢聯系在一起，這是完全錯誤的。
People usually relate happiness to money， which is ______________．
for the business
from place to place
totally wrong
對點練習 鞏固所學
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列詞綴的含義及例詞
1．fore →____________，________或_________→_________;_________
2． y→________________或_____________→_______;________
3． ary/ ory→______________或________________→__________;_________
4． er→_________________，_______________；比較級，表示“更”→ ________;_________
在前面的
之前的
預先的
forehead
具有……性質的
充滿……的
dusty
與……有關的
具有……性質的
secondary
與……相關的人
做……的事物
rubber
foresee
rainy
victory
founder
(二)選詞填空
1．The accident left him partially ___________， requiring him to use a wheelchair for mobility．
2．After years of hard work and little recognition， she finally submitted her _____________ letter in frustration．
disabled
deserve， disabled， responsible， plug， resign
resignation
3．He was ____________ promoted to the position of manager for his exceptional performance and dedication to the company．
4．The technician quickly __________ the leak in the pipeline， preventing further damage to the environment．
5．As the project leader， she felt fully ____________ for ensuring the success of the mission and the safety of her team．
deservedly
plugged
responsible
維度二　語法運用
(三)單句語法填空
1．The money saved could be used for more ___________ (deserve) causes．
2．If ____ plug is wired incorrectly， it can be dangerous．
3．They cared for their __________ (disable) son for 27 years， at great personal sacrifice．
4．There is no doubt ________ global warming has become one of the biggest problems we face today．
5．You wouldn't believe the amount _____ trouble I've had with this car．
deserving
a
disabled
that
of
維度三　素養提升
(四)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．這位世界著名的畫家的杰作在拍賣會上創下了天價。
___________________________________ fetched a record breaking price at the auction．
2．她穿著一條極其漂亮的禮服去參加畢業舞會，成為了全場的焦點。
She wore a ____________________ dress to the prom， making her the center of attention．
3．讓我們立刻開始那個項目吧。
Let's start working on that project ____________．
The world famous painter's masterpiece
stunningly beautiful
right away
(五)翻譯
1．完成家庭作業后，她出去和朋友們玩了。
____________________________________________________________
2．那本書在書桌上面的架子上，花瓶旁邊。
___________________________________________________
After finishing her homework， she went out to play with her friends．
The book is on the shelf above the desk， next to the vase．
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·吉林省松原市高二下期末)I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries． I skillfully arranged all the __1__ in her car trunk． She tried to slip me a $20 bill， but I __2__．
“Thank you， madam， but it's all part of my __3__． I don't require a tip，” I explained with a smile．
However， the customer insisted on showing her __4__． “You're always so __5__ and diligent! Let me assist you a little．”
Grateful for her __6__ intention， yet aware of our company policy， I replied， “I __7__ appreciate your generosity， ma'am， but I'm not __8__ to accept tips． A simple ‘thank you’ is enough．”
Reluctantly， she expressed her gratitude． “Well， then ... thank you．”
Then， something __9__ happened． She pretended to put the __10__ in her pocket， only to drop it on the ground． With a playful tone， she remarked that it would be a __11__ to let it go to waste． She got in her car and __12__， leaving me amused．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者幫助了一位老人，盡管作者拒絕小費，但老人還是以一種玩笑的方式留下了小費，這讓作者感受到了人與人之間的溫情與善良。
Picking up the $20 bill， a wave of warmth came over me． Small moments of connection and lightheartedness like this __13__ our days． It reminded me that kindness comes in many __14__， even in playful pranks (玩笑)． Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life．
1．A．items B．tools
C．bags D．drinks
解析：根據上文“an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries”可知，作者熟練地把老人購買的所有商品都放在她的汽車后備箱里。故選A。
2．A．agreed B．missed
C．declined D．hesitated
解析：根據下文“I don't require a tip”可知，作者拒絕了老人提供的20美元鈔票。故選C。
3．A．life B．job
C．mind D．aim
解析：根據下文“However， the customer”可知，作者拒絕了老人的好意，認為這是自己工作的一部分。故選B。
4．A．support B．selflessness
C．concern D．appreciation
解析：根據下文“she expressed her gratitude”可知，老人堅持給小費是為了表示感謝。故選D。
5．A．respectful B．careful
C．helpful D．useful
解析：根據上文“I eagerly offered my assistance to an elderly woman with a shopping cart filled with groceries．”可知，老人夸贊作者樂于助人。故選C。
6．A．obvious B．kind
C．awkward D．extra
解析：根據上文“Let me assist you a little．”可知，作者對老人的善意表示感激。故選B。
7．A．genuinely B．formally
C．curiously D．responsibly
解析：根據上文“You're always ... a little．”可知，作者真誠地感謝老人的慷慨。故選A。
8．A．bothered B．encouraged
C．designed D．allowed
解析：根據上文“yet aware of our company policy”可知，公司不允許員工收取小費。故選D。
9．A．unique B．exciting
C．unexpected D．graceful
解析：根據下文“unexpected moments”可知，意想不到的事情發生了。故選C。
10．A．hand B．money
C．key D．ticket
解析：根據下文“Picking up the $20 bill”可知，她假裝把錢放進口袋。故選B。
11．A．shame B．joy
C．surprise D．pleasure
解析：根據下文“let it go to waste”可知，浪費是一種恥辱。故選A。
12．A．left alone B．walked out
C．drove off D．ran away
解析：根據上文“She got in her car”以及下文“leaving me amused”可知，她開車走了。故選C。
13．A．brighten B．spoil
C．enrich D．relate
解析：根據下文“it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces and __15__ us to appreciate the little things in life”可知，這樣的善舉照亮了我們的日子。故選A。
14．A．times B．places
C．states D．forms
解析：根據上文故事以及下文“even in playful pranks (玩笑)”可知，老人給小費的形式很出人意料，作者意識到善意有很多種形式。故選D。
15．A．ensure B．remind
C．force D．advise
解析：根據上文“Sometimes， it's the unexpected moments that bring a smile to our faces”可知，意想不到的時刻讓我們的臉上露出笑容，提醒我們要珍惜生活中的小事。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河南省開封市高二下期中)
How Can Volunteering
Help You Get a Good Job
Sometimes， by giving just a little， you can get a lot back in return． This couldn't ring more true for volunteering． Here are just some of the things volunteering can do for your employ ability．
__1__
Employers like to see evidence of practical work experience on your CV (簡歷)—it tells them that you have the soft skills needed to work as part of a team and are able to handle responsibility． So， if the “work experience” section of your CV is looking a little bare， volunteering is a great way to flesh it out． Even if the role isn't super relevant to the job you want after university， so long as there are transferable (可遷移的) skills， it will be valuable for your CV．
Introduce you to new people
If you are volunteering in the sector you want to eventually work in， it will be a great way for you to network with people who have already broken into the field． __2__． They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．
Help you develop valuable skills
__3__， but getting hands on experience is key to really being able to transition into employment smoothly． Lectures and seminars can't really teach you personal skills like leadership， time management， how to best communicate with colleagues or how to act in a professional manner， which are all valuable to employers． __4__．
Boost your confidence
You'll experience so many personal benefits from helping the community or lending a hand for a worthwhile project． __5__． All of this—as well as the practical experience itself—will boost your confidence， meaning you can approach job applications and interviews with renewed courage and belief in yourself．
A．Improve your CV
B．Update your interview skills
C．Volunteering is a great way to push you ahead
D．University prepares you for work academically
E．Volunteering can help you develop all of these and plenty more
F．It can help give you a fresh sense of purpose and make you feel valued
G．Use the opportunity to pick their brains， get insider advice and find out job opportunities
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了志愿活動對就業有好處的幾個方面。
1．答案：A
解析：設空處為本段小標題。根據下文“Employers like to see ... to flesh it out．”可知，本段主要講述了志愿者的經歷能夠幫助你豐富簡歷，A項(改善你的簡歷)概括本段內容，適合作為本段小標題。故選A。
2．答案：G
解析：根據上文“If you are volunteering in the sector ... have already broken into the field．”及下文“They'd also make great references to refer future employers to．”可知，設空處應講述這些已經進入該領域的人能夠對你提供的幫助，G項(利用這個機會集思廣益，聽取內部人士的建議，并尋找工作機會)符合語境。故選G。
3．答案：D
解析：根據下文“but getting hands on experience ... into employment smoothly”可知，下文強調了實踐經驗的重要性，再根據下文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ... which are all valuable to employers．”可知，設空處講述的內容應與學校學習有關，D項(大學從學術上為你的工作做好準備)與下文構成轉折關系。故選D。
4．答案：E
解析：根據本段小標題“Help you develop valuable skills (幫助你培養有價值的技能)”及上文“Lectures and seminars can't really teach ... which are all valuable to employers．”可知，設空處應講述志愿活動可以幫助獲得講座和研討會不能獲得的東西，E項(志愿活動可以幫助你得到所有的這些，甚至更多)符合語境。故選E。
5．答案：F
解析：根據上文“You'll experience ... for a worthwhile project．”及下文“All of this ... belief in yourself．”可知，設空處應講述志愿活動給你帶來的心理上的好處，F項(它能給你一種全新的使命感，讓你覺得自己被重視了)符合語境。故選F。
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·安徽省安慶市高二下期末)Children in one village in the Qianxinan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province have a new place to spend their vacations—a library in a karst cave (溶洞) built by a local charity group．
__1__ (situate) in Banwan village， the library became a must visit place for __2__ (tourist) during the recent holidays．
“Developing a culture of reading in a rural community is not __3__ easy thing， because it is not a necessity for residents． This is why the library has an __4__ (appeal) design， which helps encourage potential readers，”says Zhou Beilei， head of the Dashan Xiaoai charity．
This is the __5__ (eight) library that the charity has built to help rural residents， __6__ (especial) children learn． Zhou， who __7__ (work) in rural education in the past 10 years， discovers that rural children， many of __8__ live with relatives because their parents have migrated to cities to work， do not have a place to spend quality time after school．
She says that if we take school vacations and festival holidays into account， students in Qianxinan spend more than 180 days staying at home， where most have no access __9__ educational resources． “This is why we decided to build libraries for the children __10__ (develop) their love for reading，” Zhou says．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了貴州省黔西南布依族苗族自治州的開在溶洞里的鄉村圖書館。
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
解析：考查非謂語動詞。主語the library與situate之間為被動關系，應用過去分詞作狀語。位于句首，單詞首字母應大寫。故填Situated。
1．答案：Situated
解析：考查名詞。tourist為可數名詞，此處是指這個圖書館成了眾多游客的必去之地，應用名詞復數作賓語。故填tourists。
2．答案：tourists
解析：考查冠詞。thing為可數名詞，此處泛指“一件容易的事情”，且easy的發音以元音音素開頭，應用不定冠詞an。故填an。
3．答案：an
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處修飾名詞design，應用形容詞appealing作定語，意為“吸引人的”。故填appealing。
4．答案：appealing
解析：考查數詞。根據設空前的the可知，此處指“第八個”，應用序數詞eighth。故填eighth。
5．答案：eighth
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞especially作狀語，意為“尤其是，特別是”。故填especially。
6．答案：especially
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。設空處為who引導的定語從句的謂語，主語who指代先行詞Zhou，為單數，且根據時間狀語in the past 10 years可知，此處應用現在完成時，也可以理解為動作的持續和可能繼續持續下去，因此也可用現在完成進行時。故填has worked/has been working。
7．答案：has worked/has been working
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為rural children，指人，從句中缺少介詞of的賓語，應用關系代詞whom引導。故填whom。
8．答案：whom
解析：考查介詞。have no access to意為“無法獲得”，為固定搭配。故填to。
9．答案：to
解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處表示“我們決定為孩子們修建圖書館的目的是培養他們對閱讀的熱愛”，應用不定式作目的狀語。故填to develop。
10．答案：to develop
(2024·福建省福州市聯盟校高二下期末)It was the summer of 1979， Laurie， my wife， and I were excited to spend two weeks exploring Africa． Our adventures led us to a city called Tétouan in Morocco． We were walking in the marketplace when I saw her．
精深閱讀
She was about 20 feet from us， lying flat on her stomach， pulling herself across the streets． Her hands were dirty and bloodied， covered with cuts． People were rushing past her． She was almost invisible to everyone around her． The crowd was sweeping us down the street， little fazed by the woman’s situation．
“We have to do something，” I said to Laurie． She nodded． We looked up and down the street， searching for something to buy her， anything with wheels． But before we could figure out a way to help her， she was gone．
Many years later， as I walked through our living room past an old wheelchair， I suddenly stopped dead in my tracks． My thoughts flew back to that woman in the marketplace． I wondered if there was a way to make a wheelchair that would be durable yet lightweight， easy to produce， and affordable to transport． I began to draw designs for a prototype． Several materials crossed my mind: steel， iron， and plastic． But for the longest time， I was stuck． We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． The white resin (樹脂) lawn chair．
In 2001， our humanitarian nonprofit， Free Wheelchair Mission， was born． Over the past two decades， we have given away wheelchairs to over 1．3 million people across five continents． The gift of mobility transforms the lives of people living with disabilities． That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過制作輪椅幫助他人的故事。
1．What does the underlined word “fazed” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Bothered． B．Convinced．
C．Motivated． D．Threatened．
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前的“She was almost ... down the street”可知，周圍的人對她視而不見，并沒有對她的處境感到“困擾”，faze意為“使困擾”，與bother同義。故選A。
2．How did the author feel about the woman
A．Slightly embarrassed． B．Slightly guilty．
C．Full of fear． D．Full of sympathy．
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“We looked up and down ... anything with wheels．”可推知，作者對這個女人充滿同情。故選D。
3．What troubled the author most when he started to build a wheelchair
A．Its special design． B．Its ideal material．
C．Its traveling distance． D．Its particular function．
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Several materials crossed my mind ... I was stuck．”可知，當作者開始制作輪椅時，理想的材料最困擾他。故選B。
4．Why does the author share his story in his new book
A．To draw more attention to the disabled．
B．To attract readers to join his organization．
C．To use it as an introduction to the new book．
D．To encourage readers to find meaning in assisting others．
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“That's why I tell our story ... by helping others in need．”可知，作者在他的新書中分享他的故事，是為了鼓勵讀者通過幫助有需要的人來找到自己的目標。由此可推知，作者想通過他的故事鼓勵讀者在幫助他人中找到意義。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．___________ n． 市場，市集
2．bloodied adj． ____________
3．___________ adj． 看不見的，隱形的
4．durable adj． __________________
5．mobility n． ____________________________
marketplace
沾滿血跡的
invisible
耐用的，持久的
靈活性，流動能力；活動性
(二)高頻短語
6．look up and down ____________________
7．___________ 找出；查明
8．___________ 贈送；送出
9．_____________________ 鼓勵某人做某事
10．in need __________________
四處搜尋，上下打量
figure out
give away
encourage sb to do sth
在困境中，貧困的
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．The mountain was breathtakingly beautiful， its peaks covered ________ a thick blanket of white snow．
2．Despite facing various ___________ (disable)， she remains determined and has inspired many with her unwavering spirit．
3．It not only tasted better but was more ___________ (afford) and easier to keep．
with
disabilities
affordable
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．As you approach the town， you'll see the college on the left．____________
5．The new backpack is designed to be lightweight and durable， making it perfect for hiking and outdoor adventures．___________
6．Over the past decades， technology has advanced rapidly， transforming the way we live and work．_________
接近，靠近
重量輕的
數十年
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．The present circumstance is quite challenging， requiring us to think outside the box for solutions．___________
2．The prospect of the upcoming trip has thrilled me beyond measure， and I can hardly contain my enthusiasm．__________
3．The innovative technology has changed the way we communicate， making instant global connections possible．___________
situation
transform， situation， excite
excited
transformed
(六)長難句分析
That's why I tell our story in my new book Miracle Wheels: The Story of a Mission to Bring Mobility to the World， not only to share my journey to find purpose but also to encourage you to find purpose in your own journey by helping others in need．
句意：這就是我在我的新書《奇跡之輪：為世界帶來行動力的使命故事》中講述我們的故事的原因，不僅是為了分享我尋找人生目標的歷程，也是為了鼓勵你們通過幫助需要幫助的人，在你們自己的旅程中找到人生目標。
分析：主干是____________________；why引導_____從句；not only ... but also ... 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式短語作_________；journey后的動詞不定式短語to find purpose作_________，you后的動詞不定式短語to find purpose作___________。
That's why I tell our story
表語
目的狀語
后置定語
賓語補足語
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．When he saw the bear approaching， he ______________ (突然停止) in his tracks， frozen with fear．
2．After hours of brainstorming， the team finally _________________ (找到一個方法) to overcome the technical hurdle．
stopped dead
figured out a way
(八)仿寫句子
We were approaching the end of lawn (草坪) furniture season in California when the answer suddenly came out of the blue． (was/were doing ... when ... )
仿寫：我正要吃完早餐時，突然停電了。
_____________________________________________________________
I was just finishing my breakfast when suddenly the power went out．

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