資源簡介

英語　選擇性必修·第四冊［RJ］
Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress
——Listening and Speaking——
一、聽力微技能3——海洋探險類
英語聽力中，海洋探險類文章往往充滿了專業術語、描述性的語言和可能的文化背景知識，這對聽者來說既是一種挑戰也是一次豐富的體驗。以下是一些提升海洋探險類文章聽力技能的策略：
1．積累專業詞匯
提前學習與海洋探險相關的詞匯，如海洋生物(dolphins， whales， sharks， coral reefs)、航海術語(nautical chart， compass， anchor， buoy)、氣候與天氣條件(typhoon， tsunami， squall line)、探險裝備(diving suit， sonar， GPS， life raft)等。
2．熟悉文章結構
海洋探險類文章通常遵循一定的結構，如介紹探險目的、描述出發準備、講述探險過程(遇到的困難、發現的奇觀等)、總結探險成果或感悟。了解這種結構有助于更好地預測和理解接下來的內容。
3．注意細節信息
探險類文章往往包含大量細節，如地理位置、時間線、具體事件等。學會捕捉這些信息，可以更全面地理解文章內容。
聽力文本：
Good afternoon， everyone! I'll be your guide as we tour the Ocean Park today． You're learning about creatures that live in the ocean． Let's take a look at this fish first here． This fish is called a yellow headed jawfish． It gets its name from its unique color and a large mouth． Although it is narrow and a bit small in size， you can spot it easily because of its shining blue and yellow body． Their unique look makes them a favorite with visitors， but watch out! These fish get scared easily and may jump out of uncovered tanks． Next， you will see a long， brown colored fish． It's called a mudskipper， and it is amazing because it can live in water or on land． They can move through the mud， where they find most of their food． Mudskippers eat a variety of plants and animals． When they get hot， these fish exhibit some unusual behaviors． They roll around in the mud to keep cool． Alright， let's go to see one more creature and then we'll have time for questions!
Q：1．Where do jawfishes get their name
A．From their head．
B．From their color．
C．From their size．
2．What do we know about jawfishes
A．They like playing a trick．
B．They're friendly to visitors．
C．They're popular with visitors．
3．Why does the speaker find mudskippers amazing
A．They can live both on land and in water．
B．They feed on plants and animals in water．
C．They are able to survive high temperature．
4．What are the listeners going to do next
A．Draw the creatures．
B．Ask some questions．
C．Watch another creature．
1．原文中提到“This fish is called a yellow headed jawfish． It gets its name from its unique color and a large mouth．”，這句話明確說明了黃頭顎魚的名字來源于它獨特的顏色和一張大嘴。故選B。
2．原文中提到“Their unique look makes them a favorite with visitors”，這句話直接說明了黃頭顎魚因其獨特的外觀而受到游客的喜愛，即它們很受游客歡迎。故選C。
3．原文中提到“It's called a mudskipper， and it is amazing because it can live in water or on land．”，這句話明確指出了彈涂魚(mudskipper)的驚人之處在于它們既能在水中生活，也能在陸地上生活。故選A。
4．原文中最后提到“Alright， let's go to see one more creature and then we'll have time for questions！”，這句話說明接下來聽眾們要去看另一種生物。故選C。
二、話題口語表達(開放型)
1．How do you understand the speaker's words Have you learned more about ocean animals
2．What do you think about the environment the ocean creatures live in Is it an urgent issue to focus on environmental protection
——Reading for Writing——
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．directory n． 名錄；電話號碼簿；(計算機文件或程序的)目錄
2．gallon n． 加侖(容積單位，1英制加侖約等于4．5升)
3．marine adj． 海的；海產的；海生的
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．meanwhile adv． 與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下
2．exploit vt． 開發；利用；剝削
3．possession n． [usually pl．] 個人財產；擁有；控制
4．opponent n． 反對者；對手；競爭者
5．arrest n． 逮捕；拘留；中止　vt． 逮捕；拘留；阻止
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．migration n． 遷移；遷徙；移居→migrate v． 遷移；移動；轉移
2．murder vt． 謀殺；兇殺；毀壞　n． 謀殺；兇殺→murderer n． 謀殺犯；兇手
3．mercy n． 仁慈；寬恕；恩惠→merciful adj． 仁慈的；慈悲的；寬大的→merciless adj． 無情的；殘忍的；毫不憐憫的
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
log 熟義：n． 日志
生義：vt． 把……載入正式記錄；記錄
n． 正式記錄；原木
課文三維剖析
Text 1
文本1
When1 people talk of exploring the sea more2， they usually mean exploiting it3．Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more4． 人們在談論擴大海洋勘探的時候，通常指的是海洋開發。海洋勘探已經造成了許多問題，并將繼續引發更多問題。 More exploration means more pollution． The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010． Plastic pollution is also bad， killing many birds and fish5， and has even been found in our tap water． 1引導時間狀語從句 2動名詞短語作talk of的賓語 3動名詞短語作動詞mean的賓語 4動詞不定式短語作動詞continue的賓語 5現在分詞短語作結果狀語
擴大勘探意味著污染加劇。2010年“深水地平線”號鉆井平臺在海中溢出了兩億多加侖的石油。塑料污染也十分嚴重，導致許多鳥類和魚類死亡，甚至在我們的自來水中也發現了塑料污染。
Mining for resources is very damaging， especially in the Arctic． Because of climate change， there is less ice now， which6 means we can look for more fossil fuels further north． But if7 we burn these， the ice will melt more and8 this negative cycle will continue． Climate change is warning us that9 something is very wrong． 6引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明整個主句 7引導條件狀語從句 8連接兩個并列分句 9引導賓語從句，在從句中沒有語義，不作成分，可省略
資源開采極具破壞性，尤其是在北極地區。由于氣候變化，現在冰川減少了，這意味著我們可以在更北的地方尋找更多的化石燃料。但是，如果我們燒盡這些燃料，冰川將融化得更多，這一不良循環將持續下去。氣候變化正警告我們情況不妙。
Overfishing is another problem． Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so called research． Although10 this was banned in 1982， some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy11． 10引導讓步狀語從句 11介詞短語作方式狀語
過度捕撈是另一個問題。鯨魚和海豚也遭到捕殺，成為盤中美食或用于所謂的研究。盡管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的國家仍在無情地“謀殺”這些聰明的生物。
The sea is home to life， not human beings' possessions． It is huge， but it is more sensitive than12 we think． If we do not protect it， future generations will not forgive us． 12引導比較狀語從句
海洋是生命的家園，而不是人類的私產。海洋廣闊無垠，但比我們想象的更為敏感。如果我們不保護它，子孫后代將不會原諒我們。
Text 2
文本2
To truly understand our planet13， we must explore the oceans which14 cover most of it． Opponents may be concerned， but sea exploration is important for our future． For example， scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change． We need to understand what15 is happening to our planet so that16 we can take action． Therefore， more research is necessary． 13動詞不定式短語作目的狀語 14引導定語從句，修飾oceans 15引導賓語從句，在從句中作主語 16引導目的狀語從句
為了真正了解我們的星球，我們必須探索覆蓋其表面大部分的海洋。反對者也許會憂心忡忡，但是海洋探索對我們的未來十分重要。例如，科學考察船可以幫助應對像氣候變化這種重要的問題。我們需要了解我們的星球正在發生什么，這樣我們才能采取行動。因此，有必要開展更多的研究。
Understanding more about the sea17 will also help us manage its resources better18． Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth． It may help us discover new medicines， as well as new sources of food and energy． Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes． 17動名詞短語作主語 18動詞不定式短語作賓語補足語， manage前省略了to
深入了解海洋也有助于我們更好地管理其資源。記載新物種將提升我們對地球上的生命的了解。這可能還會幫助我們發現新的藥物，以及新的食物和能源來源。深海探索還有可能會幫助我們預測地震等事件。
The population of the world is growing and19 we need new resources for future development． There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice， not just oil and gas but also20 valuable minerals． 19連接兩個并列分句 20 not just ．．． but also ．．． 連接兩個名詞短語
世界人口正在不斷增長，我們需要新的資源來維系未來的發展。海洋和冰川之下可能蘊藏著大量的資源，不僅僅是石油和天然氣，還有珍貴的礦物。
Of course， there are still environmental risks． However， these should be balanced with economic needs． Hopefully， as21 technology improves， we may have more options for managing this balance22． 21引導時間狀語從句，意為“隨著” 22動名詞短語作介詞for的賓語
當然，環境風險仍然存在。但是，這些風險應該與經濟需求相平衡。隨著技術的進步，我們有望會有更多的選擇來駕馭這一平衡。
閱讀領悟
(一)課文導圖填空
(二)判斷正誤(T/F)
1．Sea exploration have caused many problems， and will not continue to cause more．(F)
2．Scientific research ships can address important issues， such as climate change．(T)
3．Mining for resources doesn't damage the ocean environment．(F)
4．Understanding more about the sea won't be able to help us manage its resources better．(F)
5．Overfishing was banned in 1982， but some countries are still doing so．(T)
6．The population of the world is larger and larger， and we need new resources for future development．(T)
(三)問題鏈
1．What is the genre of two texts
Argumentative essay．
2．What are the two authors' opinions about the sea exploration and why
The author of Text 1 is against sea exploration， because the sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more． The author of Text 2 is in favor of sea exploration， because in order to truly understand our planet， we must explore the ocean．
3．How did the evidence prove the authors' points
The authors cite examples and facts to prove their points．
探究一　熱詞
1．exploit vt． 開發；利用；剝削(教材P32)
exploitation n． 剝削，壓榨；利用；開發 exploit sth to the full 充分利用某物 exploit sth to do sth 利用某物去做某事 exploit sth for sth 利用某物獲取某物
①Starvation and poverty are the results of global economic exploitation， not lack of resources．
饑餓和貧困是全球經濟剝削的結果，而不是資源匱乏的結果。
②She wanted to exploit that opportunity to the full．
她希望充分利用那個機會。
③He exploited his father's name to get himself a job．
他利用他父親的名聲為自己謀到了一份工作。
④Critics claim he exploited the mine for personal gain．
批評人士聲稱他為了個人利益而開采礦山。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Conservationists are concerned over the effect of commercial exploitation (exploit) of forests．
②They exploited the natural resources of the region for economic growth， but without sustainable practices．
③There is no doubt that some environmental advocates are willing to exploit the dynamic to the full．
【學會表達】完成句子
④我們應該利用我們豐富的資源發展經濟。
We should exploit our rich resources to expand the economy．
⑤該計劃不能成為雇主剝削工人的工具。
The plan cannot become a tool for employers to exploit workers．
2．possession n． [usually pl．] 個人財產；擁有；控制(教材P32)
possess vt． 持有，擁有；具有(品質或能力) take possession of ．．． 占有/擁有/取得……(強調動作) (be) in possession of ．．． 擁有……(強調狀態) (be) in the possession of ．．． 歸……所有 in one's possession ……為某人所擁有
①The gallery possesses a number of the artist's early works．
這個畫廊藏有那位畫家的一些早期作品。
②We didn't take possession of the car until a few days after the auction．
拍賣會過后幾天，我們才拿到那輛汽車。
③Students in possession of good time management skills are more likely to perform well in universities．
擁有良好的時間管理技能的學生更有可能在大學里表現出色。
④Those documents are now in the possession of the Washington Post．
那些文件現在歸《華盛頓郵報》所有。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①People had lost their homes and all their possessions (possess)．
②My old house is in the possession of an old lady now．
③She was found in possession of stolen goods．
【學會表達】翻譯
④他們兩人都沒有信用卡。
Neither of them possessed a credit card．
3　log
[熟義] n． 日志 [生義] vt． 把……載入正式記錄；記錄 n． 正式記錄；原木
①He dumped the logs on the big stone hearth．
他把木柴扔到那個大石爐上。
②They log everyone and everything that comes in and out of here．
他們把在這里出入的人和發生的事都記入日志。
③The scientist carefully analyzed the log data from the experiment to draw conclusions．
科學家仔細分析了實驗中的日志數據以得出結論。
【學會運用】同義詞替換
①The engineer kept a detailed log of the machine's operating hours and maintenance procedures．record
【學會表達】完成句子
②我每天都記錄我在項目上的進展情況，以確保自己按計劃進行。
I logged my progress on the project every day to ensure I stayed on track．
探究二　長難句分析
4．Hopefully， as technology improves， we may have more options for managing this balance．(教材P32) 隨著技術的進步，我們有望會有更多的選擇來駕馭這一平衡。
【分析】　本句是主從復合句，as technology improves 是時間狀語從句，as 意為“隨著”。 as用作連詞時，可引導時間、原因、讓步、方式狀語從句等： 引導時間狀語從句時，與while意義相近，強調兩個動作同時發生；或某事一發生，另一事立刻發生 引導原因狀語從句時，與because用法相近 引導讓步狀語從句時，意為“雖然，盡管”，此處從句常用倒裝語序，即把從句中的表語、狀語或者動詞原形置于as之前 引導方式狀語從句時，意為“正如；按照；以……方式”
①His theory proved to be correct as time went on．
隨著時間的推移，他的理論被證明是正確的。(時間狀語從句)
②As it was getting very late， we soon turned back．
因為天越來越晚了，我們很快就返回了。(原因狀語從句)
③Young as he is， he has been one of the most famous painters in our country．
雖然他還很年輕，但已經成為我們國家最有名的畫家之一。(讓步狀語從句)
④You should do it as I told you．
你應該按照我告訴你的方式去做。(方式狀語從句)
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Much as they hope to go home tomorrow， they're resigned to staying on until the end of the year．
②As time goes (go) by， we may need to change arrangements．
【學會表達】完成句子
③隨著年齡的增長，我們會變得更聰明。
We get wiser as we get older．
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1．arrest n． 逮捕；拘留；中止　vt． 逮捕；拘留；阻止
2．meanwhile adv． 與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下
3．exploit vt． 開發；利用；剝削
4．opponent n． 反對者；對手；競爭者
5．possession n． [usually pl．] 個人財產；擁有；控制
6．vast amounts of 巨量的
7．exploit sth to the full 充分利用某物
8．take action 采取行動
9．take possession of ．．． 占有/擁有/取得……(強調動作)
10．spill over 溢出
(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1．Running along the beach， she stumbled on a log and fell on the sand． 原木
2．In the second game， her opponent hurt her leg and she had to retire． 對手
3．The possession of large amounts of money does not ensure happiness． 擁有
4．Neither side took prisoners or showed any mercy．仁慈
5．The oil slick seriously threatens marine life around the islands． 海的
維度二　語境運用
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．I have in my possession a letter which may be of interest to you．
2．Seasonal migration (migrate) is another form of escape， especially for large mammals or birds．
3．They exploited local crises to make (make) worldwide gains．
4．The conviction of their son's murderer (murder) helped to give them a sense of closure．
5．I know where to find (find) the young man who behaves with integrity．
(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
opponent， log， mercy， address， predict
1．The next meeting will settle the problem of truancy．address
2．After only one game， the chess champion had the measure of his young rival．opponent
3．It is impossible to forecast what will happen．predict
4．Her childhood is recorded in the diaries of those years．logged
5．The gunmen showed no kindness， killing innocent men and women． mercy
維度三　能力提升
(五)長難句分析
(2024·全國甲卷)The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem， particularly in the poorer， rural areas east of the Volga River， including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk．
句意：政府一直在努力想措施以應對這個問題，特別是在伏爾加河以東較為貧困的農村地區，包括通過視頻聊天安排醫生預約，以及擴大財政援助計劃，以激勵醫生在該國像克拉斯諾亞爾斯克這樣的偏遠地區行醫。
分析：句子主干是The government has struggled to come up with measures，是“主謂賓”結構。to address the problem作后置定語，修飾measures; and連接兩個動名詞短語arranging ．．． 和expanding ．．．，作including的賓語；不定式短語to motivate doctors作目的狀語；to practice medicine作賓語補足語。
(六)句型轉換
1．The impact of social media on our daily lives is so great that it's beyond our thought．(改為比較狀語從句)
→The impact of social media on our daily lives is greater than we think．
2．Exercise improves our physical health; meanwhile， it enhances our mental well being．(改為not only ．．． but also ．．．)
→Not only does exercise improve our physical health， but it also enhances our mental well being．
維度四　素養提升
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．We need more time to see how things develop before we take action (在我們采取行動前)．
2．I went out for dinner last night and drank large amounts of red wine (大量紅酒)．
3．We've already bought the house but we won't take possession of it (沒有擁有它) until May．
(八)翻譯
1．隨著時間的流逝，貧富之間的差距越來越小。(as引導的時間狀語從句)
As time goes by， the divisions between rich and poor are getting less deep．
2．取笑殘疾人是不對的。(動詞不定式短語作主語)
To make fun of the disabled is not right．
課后課時作業(一)
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比70%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·天津市河東區高二下期中)Every small child knows the panic of losing sight of its mother in the supermarket， and as the pictures show， small whales obviously feel the same way．
Taken by a British diver who was following the sperm whale (抹香鯨) calf， they show the minute the baby—who had lost track of its mum—found her again in the sea off the Azores．
Jumping 30 ft across the waves， the newborn slammed (猛力推) its body onto the water with joy after becoming separated from its family group in the cold waters．
But the whale calf was doing more than just jumping for joy．
Justin Hart， who took the pictures， said that young whales communicate with older ones in the ocean by creating a slamming sound which travels through the water to the ears of the adults deep below．
By jumping out of the water and slamming its 12 ft long body onto the surface of the sea up to 30 times， the baby whale is telling its relatives where it is so they can regroup．
He said， “Sperm whales， of all the whales and dolphins， are the species that dive the deepest and for the longest time．”
“The calves have to follow what's going on below them from the surface—probably listening to the echo location (回聲定位) clicks of the adults．”
“However， sometimes the adults re surface far out of sight of the calf， and in this situation the whales often jump out of the water causing a large bang as their bodies hit the surface． In this way， whale family can regroup．”
Sperm whales live in nearly all the world's oceans in groups of about 15 to 20 animals and they practice communal (集體的) childcare． The calves do not have to follow their mother too closely as a sperm whale calf can take milk from any milk producing female in its social group．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關于抹香鯨的新發現——小鯨魚可以通過身體拍打水面找尋自己的媽媽。
1．The underlined word“they”in Paragraph 2 probably refers to ________．
A．the whales B．the divers
C．the photos D．the mothers
答案：C
解析：指代判斷題。根據第一段內容以及第二段中的“Taken by a British diver who was following the sperm whale (抹香鯨) calf”可知，英國潛水員拍的這些照片顯示了失去母親蹤跡的小鯨魚在亞速爾群島附近再次找到母親的那一刻，由此可知，they指代的是上文提到的照片。故選C。
2．According to Justin Hart， the young sperm whale ________．
A．found its family with his help
B．suffered a lot in the cold waters
C．lost contact with its family for days
D．slammed as a means of communication
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第五段內容可知，抹香鯨幼崽通過拍擊水面來與成年抹香鯨交流。故選D。
3．What do we know about sperm whales
A．The young are independent．
B．They are highly social animals．
C．They tend to live in warm sea waters．
D．Females take turns to care for babies．
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Sperm whales live in ．．． practice communal (集體的) childcare．”可知，抹香鯨會成群地生活，實行集體育兒，由此可推知，它們是高度群居性動物。故選B。
B
(2024·上海市閔行區高二下期末)As midnight approaches in Svalbard， a young polar bear climbs onto an iceberg (冰山) and carves himself a temporary bed before falling asleep． This peaceful moment， capturing the essence of Earth's delicacy， was taken by Nima Sarikhani， who won Wildlife Photographer of the Year People's Choice Award， which is decided by public vote．
Sarikhani， from the UK， spent three days searching Norway's Svalbard islands in the hope of catching sight of these symbolic Arctic (北極的) animals． He was finally rewarded with the sight of both an older and younger male shortly after his ship changed course． Sarikhani seized the chance to take a photo of the younger bear sleeping on the iceberg—a scene that not only awakens the bond between an animal and its habitat， but also the need to act on global challenges like climate change and habitat loss．
These days， the sight of a lone polar bear on melting ice is a familiar symbol of the impact of climate change． But that is for a good reason: global warming is having a particularly rapid effect on the Arctic， which is heating up at a rate three times as high as that of the average around the world． Among those hardest hit are these bears， which are increasingly threatened by the reduction in sea ice cover that they rely on to hunt and raise young．
Though his photo is intended to arouse emotion in those who see it， Sarikhani is optimistic that with the right actions， it isn't too late for polar bears． The image was displayed in an exhibition at the Natural History Museum， London， along with the competition's four runners up， until 30 June．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過攝影師Nima Sarikhani (尼瑪·薩里哈尼)拍攝的一張睡在融化的冰川上的孤獨的北極熊的照片，展現出全球氣候變暖對生物的影響，以此激勵人們行動起來保護北極熊。
4．Sarikhani's journey in Svalbard can be described as ________．
A．purposeful B．leisurely
C．profit driven D．research led
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Sarikhani， from the UK ．．． these symbolic Arctic (北極的) animals．”可知，Sarikhani的這次旅行是有目的的。故選A。
5．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________．
A．polar bears are likely to die out
B．the warming of the Arctic just begins
C．sea ice cover is vital for polar bears' survival
D．polar bears are adapting well to climate change
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Among those hardest hit ．．． to hunt and raise young．”可推知，海冰覆蓋對于北極熊的生存極其重要。故選C。
6．According to the last paragraph， what's Sarikhani's hope for the impact of his photo
A．To arouse people's sadness for the scene．
B．To motivate people to protect polar bears．
C．To attract more visitors to the Arctic．
D．To boost the popularity of the exhibition．
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Though his photo ．．． it isn't too late for polar bears．”可推知，Sarikhani的照片旨在激勵人們行動起來保護北極熊。故選B。
7．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．Svalbard's quietness: Polar bears' comfortable zone
B．Arctic adventure: Search for a dramatic landscape
C．Bearing witness: Polar bears' shelter on melting ice
D．Ice and isolation: A faraway natural wonder
答案：C
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要通過一張睡在融化的冰川上的孤獨的北極熊的照片，展現出全球氣候變暖對生物的影響，以此激勵人們行動起來保護北極熊，C項(見證：北極熊在融化的冰上的避難所)最適合作為文章標題。故選C。
Ⅱ　應用文寫作
日本將核污水排海的事件引起了國際上的廣泛關注。假如你是李華，請向某中學生英語報刊環保專欄投稿，表達對此事的看法。內容包括：
1．發表看法；
2．發出呼吁。
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯： 核污水 nuclear contaminated water
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
[精彩范文]
Japan has poured nuclear contaminated water into the sea， which caused widespread international attention．
I strongly condemn this action． As human beings， we should protect our sea and pouring nuclear contaminated water into the sea should be forbidden． For one thing， nuclear contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die． For another， people who eat marine products from the polluted sea will be sick．
As we all know， the ocean is very important for people． Pouring nuclear contaminated water into the sea is harmful to sea animals and human beings， which should be stopped．
　讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·湖南省長沙市平高集團六校聯考高二下期末)We moved to a small seaside community in New Zealand 10 years ago， because my husband Phil worked as a biologist and he had to do research near the sea． I had seen seals (海豹) around Pilot Bay， which is near here． Sometimes you see them out on the rocks， sunning themselves or playing—but usually in their own territory． They never thought about disturbing their neighbors．
It was a dark winter morning in August this year when a seal came． At 5：50 am， I left the house to go fitness training． I went down to the car parked in the driveway and heard a growl (咆哮)． I thought our cat， Coco， must have chased a dog under the car． I jumped into the car to avoid getting my ankles bitten， and moved slowly， but then I felt the car hit something． When I got out to have a look， I couldn't see anything and thought it must have moved on． Then when I got back into my seat， I saw a baby seal in the headlights．
I thought， “Oh， my God，” but didn't panic—the ocean is just down the driveway and I thought it would find its way back． Off I went to the training center and gave everyone there a laugh when I said， “Sorry I'm late; there was a seal under the car．” I didn't think about it again until I got home． As I walked through the garage (車庫)， I noticed our baskets had been moved． I wondered if it was the seal， but then I guessed it could not be the seal because I didn't think it could fit through the cat door， which was the only way into the garage． But I was wrong． As I opened the door to the house， I brushed something and heard this flip flip flip flip sound， and thought， “My God， that is the seal．”
注意：
1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。
It was so cute like a lovely soft toy．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 We called Animal Protection Station， and a worker came over． 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5R解讀故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
I， Phil (husband)， a baby seal， a worker from the Animal Protection Station
2．Read for conflict/problems (沖突/問題)
A baby seal came to my car in the morning and into my garage later．
3．Read for plot (情節)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感變化)
I was panic to see a baby seal in the headlights and thought it would go back to the sea but I was surprised to find it in the garage later．
5．Read for theme (主題)
We should raise the awareness of protecting animals．
4步確定框架
Step 1：先寫最后一句(主題句)
For us， it was pretty good to see so many people care for our lovely wild neighbors: seals．
Step 2：再寫銜接句(第一段的最后一句)
On Phil's arriving home， we immediately looked for the contact information．
Step 3：根據所給段首語句寫角色的情感
第一段：
It had watery eyes and looked at me like a child， which made me desperately want to keep it secretly．
第二段：
It was sad to see the little lovely wild creature wrapped up in a net to be taken away， but a great relief lifted from my inner heart when the worker said it would be released into the sea after being checked．
Step 4：補全續寫每段的中間內容
第一段：
It had watery eyes and looked at me like a child， which made me desperately want to keep it secretly． But I knew it was a wild animal and it should be back to its home， because wild animals belong to the wild． With a deep sigh， I phoned Phil， who was on his way home from a work trip． He told me that wild animals smelled bad and I probably never knew how sharp their teeth were．
第二段：
It was sad to see the little lovely wild creature wrapped up in a net to be taken away， but a great relief lifted from my inner heart when the worker said it would be released into the sea after being checked． Experiencing this fortuitous encounter with the seal reminded me that we should help raise the awareness of protecting seals． So， I together with Phil， posted the photos on the social media and it snowballed．
寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一家于10年前搬到了新西蘭的一個海邊小社區，有一天作者發現一只小海豹出現在自家門前。作者給丈夫打了電話，夫婦倆是如何處置這頭小海豹的？這次經歷給作者帶來什么樣的感悟？
[精彩范文]
It was so cute like a lovely soft toy． It had watery eyes and looked at me like a child， which made me desperately want to keep it secretly． But I knew it was a wild animal and it should be back to its home， because wild animals belong to the wild． With a deep sigh， I phoned Phil， who was on his way home from a work trip． He told me that wild animals smelled bad and I probably never knew how sharp their teeth were． On Phil's arriving home， we immediately looked for the contact information．
We called Animal Protection Station， and a worker came over． It was sad to see the little lovely wild creature wrapped up in a net to be taken away， but a great relief lifted from my inner heart when the worker said it would be released into the sea after being checked． Experiencing this fortuitous encounter with the seal reminded me that we should help raise the awareness of protecting seals． So， I together with Phil， posted the photos on the social media and it snowballed． For us， it was pretty good to see so many people care for our lovely wild neighbors: seals．
情節邏輯(范文和自己想的有何不同)
語言表達(原文和范文中有哪些表達更地道更準確) 1． 2． 3．
課后課時作業(二)
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比40%)　拔高題(占比30%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★★ ★★★ ★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·湖北省部分省級示范高中高二下期中)In habitats across the planet， animals periodically drop everything to walk， fly or swim to a new place． Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents． Others， including small songbirds， gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code． And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration．
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model， and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way． Take the Cory's shearwater， an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year． The young do not migrate with their parents， so culture cannot explain their journeys． And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual， making genetics equally unlikely．
Cory's shearwaters are long lived， rarely producing young successfully before age nine． This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns． Researchers call this the “exploration refinement”， and until now it has been hypothetical (假設的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals' movements．
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine． They found that younger birds traveled longer distances， for longer periods， and had more diverse paths than older birds． “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration refinement’ for migratory birds，” says Letizia Campioni， who led the study． Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults—but they do not， suggesting that the young do more exploring， which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course．
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies， “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms (生物) in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man made changes，” says Barbara Frei． “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe．”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對Cory海鷗遷徙的模式的研究。
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．It describes animals' habitats．
B．It talks about migration models．
C．It compares different species．
D．It introduces a tracking technology．
答案：B
解析：段落大意題。根據第一段中的“Wildlife such as whales and geese ．．． to guide their migration．”可知，本段主要講述動物遷徙的模式。故選B。
2．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The opening for learning and practice．
B．The unique living habit of Cory's shearwaters．
C．The way Cory's shearwaters form their migration patterns．
D．The process scientists track Cory's shearwaters' movements．
答案：C
解析：指代判斷題。根據第三段中的“Cory's shearwaters are long lived ．．． Researchers call this the ‘exploration refinement’”可知，Cory海鷗壽命很長，很少能在9歲之前成功繁殖后代。這為學習和實踐發展它們的遷移模式留下了空間，研究人員稱這種模式為“探索—優化”。由此可知，畫線詞this指代的是Cory海鷗遷徙模式形成的方式。故選C。
3．What does Letizia's study find about the younger Cory's shearwaters
A．They travel as much as adult birds．
B．They move in a predictable manner．
C．They lower the speed for exploration．
D．They look for a course with their parents．
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to ．．． and settle into a preferred course．”可知，Letizia (萊蒂齊婭)的研究發現小Cory海鷗為了做更多的探索降低了它們的飛行速度。故選C。
4．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Man made changes make migration easier．
B．Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track．
C．Course exploration contributes to birds' adaptability．
D．A combination of strategies assures migration success．
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Although it may seem ．．． says Barbara Frei．”可推知，路線探索有助于鳥類的適應能力。故選C。
B
(2024·湖北省恩施州咸豐春暉高級中學高二下月考)For the history of life on Earth， organisms have relied on the light of the sun， moon， and stars to find their way and schedule their lives． While the beginning of electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans， it has caused problems in the natural world． Among the impacts of artificial light at night (ALAN)， light pollution lures migrating birds to cities with shocking consequences， contributes to the alarming decline in insect populations， and convinces sea turtle babies to amble (緩行) away from the water instead of towards it．
Now， a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals (珊瑚) into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce．
Using a combination of light pollution data and spawning (產卵) observations， researchers were able to show for the first time that corals exposed to ALAN are spawning one to three days earlier and closer to the full moon compared to those on unlit corals． “That shift may reduce the survival and fertilization success of gametes (配子) and genetic connectivity between nearby lit and unlit coral systems，” they explain．
“Corals are among the most biodiverse， economically important， and threatened ecosystems on the planet，” write the authors of the study．
“Climate change has led to mass bleaching (褪色) events． Habitat destruction， fisheries， and pollution have reduced corals substantially since the 1950s，” they write， adding， “The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years．”
If we want to reduce the harm ALAN is causing， we could perhaps look to delay the switching on of night time lighting in coastal regions to ensure the natural dark period between sunset and moonrise when coral reproduction remains undisturbed．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了海濱城市照明產生的光會使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚產卵早，從而對其產生不利影響。
5．Why is the first paragraph written
A．To present the topic of the text．
B．To advocate energy conservation．
C．To explain a natural phenomenon．
D．To provide background information．
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段內容可知，本段介紹了始于 19 世紀末的人造光源對自然界產生的不好的影響，結合下文闡述人造光對于珊瑚的危害可推知，第一段的目的是提供背景信息。故選D。
6．What does the underlined word “optimum” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Possible． B．Appropriate．
C．Flexible． D．Sensitive．
答案：B
解析：詞義猜測題。畫線詞后的“when they would normally reproduce”為定語從句，修飾the optimum times，由此可知，“the optimum times”指的是“珊瑚正常的繁殖時間”，畫線詞與appropriate意思相近，意為“合適的，恰當的”。故選B。
7．What is the researchers' major concern over corals
A．Extinction． B．Losing value．
C．Terrible diseases． D．Exposure to moonlight．
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years．”可知，研究人員最大的擔心是珊瑚的滅絕。故選A。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Creatures Rely on Natural Lights to Schedule Their Life
B．Night time Lighting Shortens Natural Dark Period
C．Coastal Lights Trick Corals into Early Spawning
D．Light Pollution Leads to Serious Consequences
答案：C
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了海濱城市的照明對珊瑚的影響，這些照明產生的光會使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚產卵早，從而對其產生不利影響。C項(海岸燈光誘使珊瑚提早產卵)最適合作為文章標題。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河北省保定市部分高中高二下聯考)In a world record effort to help save a rare sea creature， Australian scientists have released hundreds of baby seahorses into the wild． The tiny seahorses are endangered， and the scientists hope the new seahorses will help their numbers grow．
Seahorses are small， thin fish with a long mouth． They're called “seahorses” because they look a bit like horses． Even though they're fish， seahorses aren't great swimmers． __1__
There are over 40 different kinds of seahorses． They mostly live in warm， shallow waters around the world． They are often found in coral reefs， in beds of seagrass， and areas where rivers empty into the sea． __2__ They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals， such as crabs．
Many kinds of seahorses are threatened， often by the actions of humans． __3__ They are also sometimes caught by accident when boats are trying to catch other fish．
__4__ Males have a special pouch (育兒袋) that allows them to carry over 100 babies at a time． The tiny babies are born alive and can swim right away． When they're born the babies are about the size of a grain of rice．
This is the fifth time the scientists have released seahorses into the area， and this is a new record． __5__ The researchers say about 90% of them survived， which is unusually high． The researchers put tiny tags under the skin of many of the seahorses to help track them in the future．
A．Seahorse babies are easy to carry．
B．Around 380 seahorses were released．
C．Sometimes they're caught and sold as pets．
D．People should be prohibited from catching seahorses．
E．Seahorses form an important part of the ocean's food chain．
F．They often use their tails to hold onto something in the water．
G．Seahorses are unusual because it's the males who carry the babies．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了為增加海馬的數量，澳大利亞科學家第五次向大海投放海馬，這次成活率創歷史新高。
1．答案：F
解析：根據上文“Even though they're fish， seahorses aren't great swimmers．”可知，海馬不擅長游泳，F項(它們常用尾巴抓住水里的東西來固定身體。)承接上文，F項中的“They”指代上文中的“seahorses”。故選F。
2．答案：E
解析：根據下文“They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals， such as crabs．”可知，海馬是海洋食物鏈的組成部分。E項(海馬是海洋食物鏈的重要組成部分。)符合語境。故選E。
3．答案：C
解析：根據上文“Many kinds of seahorses are threatened， often by the actions of humans．”可知，海馬受到人類行為的威脅。C項(有時它們會被捕獲并作為寵物出售。)承接上文，具體解釋人類對海馬的威脅。故選C。
4．答案：G
解析：根據下文“Males have a special pouch (育兒袋)”可知，雄性海馬有育兒袋。G項(海馬是不尋常的，因為它是雄性攜帶幼崽。)引出下文。故選G。
5．答案：B
解析：上文“This is the fifth time ．．． this is a new record．”提到科學家們向海洋投放海馬；下文“The researchers say about 90%of them survived， which is unusually high．”提到海馬的存活率。B項(大約380只海馬被投放。)承上啟下。故選B。
　單元寫作
單元寫作——關于海洋勘探的議論文
本單元的寫作要求圍繞海洋勘探寫一篇議論文。針對這種觀點輸出的議論文寫作，我們要注意以下幾個方面：
1．觀點要清晰。在寫作中要清晰地呈現對海洋勘探一事的觀點，并且要重點突出、觀點明確。
2．用詞要準確。在寫作中要運用恰當的詞匯，這樣才能有理有據、表達準確。
3．敘述要生動。當描述雙方就不同的觀點進行激烈交鋒時，要渲染出飽滿、激昂的辯論氣氛，做到讓讀者感同身受。
4．結尾要強調。在寫作的結尾，應強調同意或反對某一方觀點。
5．主旨要正面。在文章的結尾處，除了做好總結以外，也要給讀者留下一個積極正面的印象，讓讀者能從中有所收獲。
Recently there is a heated debate over the exploration of sea in our class． Some of the students subscribe to the view that ________ (一方觀點)． That's because it will make it possible ________ (理由)． In addition， ________ (論據支持)． However， others are against it， because they believe ________ (另一方觀點)． Worse still， ________ (補充觀點)． Personally， sea exploration should be balanced with economic needs． Hopefully， ________ (個人觀點)．
※開頭常用句式
1．We had a discussion about whether it is necessary to ．．．
我們討論了是否有必要……
2．What impresses me most is that some are strongly against it while others approve of it．
令我印象最深的是，有些人強烈反對，而另一些人則贊成。
3．Recently， the problem of ．．． has aroused people's concern．
最近，……的問題引起了人們的注意。
※主體段落常用句式
1．Many students agreed with ocean exploration for two reasons．
許多學生贊成海洋探索有兩個原因。
2．However， the past ten years has witnessed that some creatures have died out due to the marine pollution， which has been greatly concerned by the whole world．
然而，在過去的十年里，由于海洋污染，一些生物已經滅絕，這已經引起了全世界的極大關注。
3．Some think it important to explore the sea because we can have a better understanding of the marine ecosystem．
有些人認為探索海洋很重要，因為我們可以更好地了解海洋生態系統。
4．However， some students highlighted the pollution caused by human activities and the potential serious consequences of excessive exploration．
然而，一些學生強調了人類活動造成的污染以及過度勘探可能帶來的嚴重后果。
5．Sea exploration might help improve our understanding of the life on the earth．
海洋探索可能有助于增進我們對地球上生命的了解。
6．Information from ocean exploration is very important， which helps us to predict earthquakes and tsunamis．
來自海洋探索的信息很重要，這些信息有助于我們預測地震和海嘯。
※結尾常用句式
1．Everything has two sides and it is not an exception: it has both advantages and disadvantages．
任何事情都有兩面性，它也不例外：它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
2．In my opinion， it is more advisable to do ．．． than to do ．．．
我的觀點是做……比做……更明智。
3．As far as I'm concerned， balancing the needs of ocean development and conservation is essential to ensure the health and sustainability of this crucial resource．
就我而言，平衡海洋開發和保護的需求對于確保這一重要資源的健康和可持續性至關重要。
最近，你班同學就“Is Sea Exploration Worthwhile？”這一話題展開了一場討論。請你根據下表提供的信息，用英語寫一篇短文，記錄討論的情況，并談談自己的看法。
30%的同學認為 70%的同學認為 你的觀點
1．不值得探索 2．會對海洋造成污染 3．一些人殘忍獵殺一些海洋動物，導致它們滅絕 1．值得探索 2．為了更好地了解我們的星球，必須進行海洋探索 3．海洋擁有豐富的資源，有助于解決能源短缺問題 ……
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
[精彩范文]
Is Sea Exploration Worthwhile
Recently our class had a heated discussion on whether it is necessary to explore the sea． Students hold different ideas about it．
30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile， holding the opinion that it will pollute the sea． Some people hunt marine animals without mercy， causing them to die out． However， 70% of us think the sea is worth exploring， which is beneficial to human beings． To better understand our planet， we must explore the sea． Moreover， the sea is abundant in a variety of resources， which enables us to address the important issue of energy shortages．
As far as I am concerned， it's worthwhile to explore the sea for the benefit of future generations． Meanwhile， we should exploit the sea properly．
7(共128張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 3　 SEA EXPLORATION
單元主題：人與自然——海洋探索
Section Ⅲ　Using Language & Assessing Your Progress
——Listening and Speaking——
一、聽力微技能3——海洋探險類
英語聽力中，海洋探險類文章往往充滿了專業術語、描述性的語言和可能的文化背景知識，這對聽者來說既是一種挑戰也是一次豐富的體驗。以下是一些提升海洋探險類文章聽力技能的策略：
1．積累專業詞匯
提前學習與海洋探險相關的詞匯，如海洋生物(dolphins， whales， sharks， coral reefs)、航海術語(nautical chart， compass， anchor， buoy)、氣候與天氣條件(typhoon， tsunami， squall line)、探險裝備(diving suit， sonar， GPS， life raft)等。
2．熟悉文章結構
海洋探險類文章通常遵循一定的結構，如介紹探險目的、描述出發準備、講述探險過程(遇到的困難、發現的奇觀等)、總結探險成果或感悟。了解這種結構有助于更好地預測和理解接下來的內容。
3．注意細節信息
探險類文章往往包含大量細節，如地理位置、時間線、具體事件等。學會捕捉這些信息，可以更全面地理解文章內容。
聽力文本：
Good afternoon， everyone! I'll be your guide as we tour the Ocean Park today． You're learning about creatures that live in the ocean． Let's take a look at this fish first here． This fish is called a yellow headed jawfish． It gets its name from its unique color and a large mouth． Although it is narrow and a bit small in size， you can spot it easily because of its shining blue and yellow body． Their unique look makes them a favorite with visitors， but watch out! These fish get scared easily and may jump out of uncovered tanks． Next， you will see a long， brown colored fish． It's called a mudskipper， and it is amazing because it can live in water or on land． They can move
through the mud， where they find most of their food． Mudskippers eat a variety of plants and animals． When they get hot， these fish exhibit some unusual behaviors． They roll around in the mud to keep cool． Alright， let's go to see one more creature and then we'll have time for questions!
Q：1．Where do jawfishes get their name
A．From their head．
B．From their color．
C．From their size．
2．What do we know about jawfishes
A．They like playing a trick．
B．They're friendly to visitors．
C．They're popular with visitors．
3．Why does the speaker find mudskippers amazing
A．They can live both on land and in water．
B．They feed on plants and animals in water．
C．They are able to survive high temperature．
4．What are the listeners going to do next
A．Draw the creatures．
B．Ask some questions．
C．Watch another creature．
1．原文中提到“This fish is called a yellow headed jawfish． It gets its name from its unique color and a large mouth．”，這句話明確說明了黃頭顎魚的名字來源于它獨特的顏色和一張大嘴。故選B。
2．原文中提到“Their unique look makes them a favorite with visitors”，這句話直接說明了黃頭顎魚因其獨特的外觀而受到游客的喜愛，即它們很受游客歡迎。故選C。
3．原文中提到“It's called a mudskipper， and it is amazing because it can live in water or on land．”，這句話明確指出了彈涂魚(mudskipper)的驚人之處在于它們既能在水中生活，也能在陸地上生活。故選A。
4．原文中最后提到“Alright， let‘s go to see one more creature and then we’ll have time for questions！”，這句話說明接下來聽眾們要去看另一種生物。故選C。
二、話題口語表達(開放型)
1．How do you understand the speaker's words Have you learned more about ocean animals
2．What do you think about the environment the ocean creatures live in Is it an urgent issue to focus on environmental protection
WELCOME UNIT
——Reading for Writing——
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
自主學習 課文語篇
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業（一）
5
課后課時作業（二）
6
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．directory n．____________________________________________
2．gallon n．_________________________________________
3．marine adj．_______________________
名錄；電話號碼簿；(計算機文件或程序的)目錄
加侖(容積單位，1英制加侖約等于4．5升)
海的；海產的；海生的
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．___________ adv． 與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下
2．_______ vt． 開發；利用；剝削
3．___________ n． [usually pl．] 個人財產；擁有；控制
4．__________ n． 反對者；對手；競爭者
5．______ n． 逮捕；拘留；中止　vt． 逮捕；拘留；阻止
meanwhile
exploit
possession
opponent
arrest
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．migration n． 遷移；遷徙；移居→_______v． 遷移；移動；轉移
2．murder vt． 謀殺；兇殺；毀壞　n． 謀殺；兇殺→________ n． 謀殺犯；兇手
3．mercy n． 仁慈；寬恕；恩惠→_________ adj． 仁慈的；慈悲的；寬大的→__________ adj． 無情的；殘忍的；毫不憐憫的
migrate
murderer
merciful
merciless
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
log 熟義：n．________
生義：vt． 把……載入正式記錄；記錄
n． 正式記錄；原木
日志
自主學習　課文語篇
When1 people talk of exploring the sea more2， they usually mean exploiting it3．Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more4．
人們在談論擴大海洋勘探的時候，通常指的是海洋開發。海洋勘探已經造成了許多問題，并將繼續引發更多問題。
課文三維剖析
1引導__________從句
2動名詞短語作talk of的_________
時間狀語
Text 1
文本1
賓語
3動名詞短語作動詞mean的_______
4動詞不定式短語作動詞continue的_______
5現在分詞短語作___________
More exploration means more pollution． The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010． Plastic pollution is also bad， killing many birds and fish5， and has even been found in our tap water．
擴大勘探意味著污染加劇。2010年“深水地平線”號鉆井平臺在海中溢出了兩億多加侖的石油。塑料污染也十分嚴重，導致許多鳥類和魚類死亡，甚至在我們的自來水中也發現了塑料污染。
賓語
賓語
結果狀語
6引導______________從句，解釋說明整個主句
7引導_________從句
8連接兩個________
9引導_____從句，在從句中沒有語義，不作成分，可省略
Mining for resources is very damaging， especially in the Arctic． Because of climate change， there is less ice now， which6 means we can look for more fossil fuels further north． But if7 we burn these， the ice will melt more and8 this negative cycle will continue． Climate change is warning us that9 something is very wrong．
非限制性定語
條件狀語
并列分句
賓語
資源開采極具破壞性，尤其是在北極地區。由于氣候變化，現在冰川減少了，這意味著我們可以在更北的地方尋找更多的化石燃料。但是，如果我們燒盡這些燃料，冰川將融化得更多，這一不良循環將持續下去。氣候變化正警告我們情況不妙。
10引導__________從句
11介詞短語作___________
Overfishing is another problem． Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so called research． Although10 this was banned in 1982， some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy11．
過度捕撈是另一個問題。鯨魚和海豚也遭到捕殺，成為盤中美食或用于所謂的研究。盡管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的國家仍在無情地“謀殺”這些聰明的生物。
讓步狀語
方式狀語
12引導___________從句
The sea is home to life， not human beings’ possessions． It is huge， but it is more sensitive than12 we think． If we do not protect it， future generations will not forgive us．
海洋是生命的家園，而不是人類的私產。海洋廣闊無垠，但比我們想象的更為敏感。如果我們不保護它，子孫后代將不會原諒我們。
比較狀語
Text 2
文本2
13動詞不定式短語作________
14引導____從句，修飾______
15引導______從句，在從句中作_______
16引導__________從句
To truly understand our planet13， we must explore the oceans which14 cover most of it． Opponents may be concerned， but sea exploration is important for our future． For example， scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change． We need to understand what15 is happening to our planet so that16 we can take action． Therefore， more research is necessary．
目的狀語
定語
oceans
賓語
主語
目的狀語
為了真正了解我們的星球，我們必須探索覆蓋其表面大部分的海洋。反對者也許會憂心忡忡，但是海洋探索對我們的未來十分重要。例如，科學考察船可以幫助應對像氣候變化這種重要的問題。我們需要了解我們的星球正在發生什么，這樣我們才能采取行動。因此，有必要開展更多的研究。
17動名詞短語作_____
18動詞不定式短語作___________， manage
前省略了_____
Understanding more about the sea17 will also help us manage its resources better18． Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth． It may help us discover new medicines， as well as new sources of food and energy． Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes．
深入了解海洋也有助于我們更好地管理其資源。記載新物種將提升我們對地球上的生命的了解。這可能還會幫助我們發現新的藥物，以及新的食物和能源來源。深海探索還有可能會幫助我們預測地震等事件。
主語
賓語補足語
to
19連接兩個___________
20 not just ... but also ... 連接兩個_____________
The population of the world is growing and19 we need new resources for future development． There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice， not just oil and gas but also20 valuable minerals．
世界人口正在不斷增長，我們需要新的資源來維系未來的發展。海洋和冰川之下可能蘊藏著大量的資源，不僅僅是石油和天然氣，還有珍貴的礦物。
并列分句
名詞短語
21引導___________從句，意為“_______”
22動名詞短語作介詞for的_____
Of course， there are still environmental risks． However， these should be balanced with economic needs． Hopefully， as21 technology improves， we may have more options for managing this balance22．
當然，環境風險仍然存在。但是，這些風險應該與經濟需求相平衡。隨著技術的進步，我們有望會有更多的選擇來駕馭這一平衡。
時間狀語
隨著
賓語
(一)課文導圖填空
閱讀領悟
more pollution
Plastic pollution
damaging
climate change
life
medicines
(二)判斷正誤(T/F)
1．Sea exploration have caused many problems， and will not continue to cause more．(_____)
2．Scientific research ships can address important issues， such as climate change．(_____)
3．Mining for resources doesn't damage the ocean environment．(_____)
4．Understanding more about the sea won't be able to help us manage its resources better．(_____)
5．Overfishing was banned in 1982， but some countries are still doing so．(____)
6．The population of the world is larger and larger， and we need new resources for future development．(_____)
F
T
F
F
T
T
(三)問題鏈
1．What is the genre of two texts
_____________________
2．What are the two authors' opinions about the sea exploration and why
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．How did the evidence prove the authors' points
________________________________________________
Argumentative essay．
The author of Text 1 is against sea exploration， because the sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more． The author of Text 2 is in favor of sea exploration， because in order to truly understand our planet， we must explore the ocean．
The authors cite examples and facts to prove their points．
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
1．exploit vt． 開發；利用；剝削(教材P32)
exploitation n． 剝削，壓榨；利用；開發
exploit sth to the full 充分利用某物
exploit sth to do sth 利用某物去做某事
exploit sth for sth 利用某物獲取某物
①Starvation and poverty are the results of global economic exploitation， not lack of resources．
饑餓和貧困是全球經濟剝削的結果，而不是資源匱乏的結果。
②She wanted to exploit that opportunity to the full．
她希望充分利用那個機會。
③He exploited his father's name to get himself a job．
他利用他父親的名聲為自己謀到了一份工作。
④Critics claim he exploited the mine for personal gain．
批評人士聲稱他為了個人利益而開采礦山。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Conservationists are concerned over the effect of commercial _____________
(exploit) of forests．
②They exploited the natural resources of the region _____economic growth， but without sustainable practices．
③There is no doubt that some environmental advocates are willing to exploit the dynamic ____the full．
exploitation
for
to
【學會表達】完成句子
④我們應該利用我們豐富的資源發展經濟。
We should ________________________________________．
⑤該計劃不能成為雇主剝削工人的工具。
The plan cannot become a tool for employers __________________．
exploit our rich resources to expand the economy
to exploit workers
2．possession n． [usually pl．] 個人財產；擁有；控制(教材P32)
possess vt． 持有，擁有；具有(品質或能力)
take possession of ... 占有/擁有/取得……(強調動作)
(be) in possession of ... 擁有……(強調狀態)
(be) in the possession of ... 歸……所有
in one's possession ……為某人所擁有
①The gallery possesses a number of the artist's early works．
這個畫廊藏有那位畫家的一些早期作品。
②We didn't take possession of the car until a few days after the auction．
拍賣會過后幾天，我們才拿到那輛汽車。
③Students in possession of good time management skills are more likely to perform well in universities．
擁有良好的時間管理技能的學生更有可能在大學里表現出色。
④Those documents are now in the possession of the Washington Post．
那些文件現在歸《華盛頓郵報》所有。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①People had lost their homes and all their _____________(possess)．
②My old house is ____the possession of an old lady now．
③She was found in possession ____stolen goods．
【學會表達】翻譯
④他們兩人都沒有信用卡。
__________________________________________
possessions
in
of
Neither of them possessed a credit card．
3　log
[熟義] n． 日志
[生義] vt．_____________________________
n．__________________
把……載入正式記錄；記錄
正式記錄；原木
①He dumped the logs on the big stone hearth．
他把木柴扔到那個大石爐上。
②They log everyone and everything that comes in and out of here．
他們把在這里出入的人和發生的事都記入日志。
③The scientist carefully analyzed the log data from the experiment to draw conclusions．
科學家仔細分析了實驗中的日志數據以得出結論。
【學會運用】同義詞替換
①The engineer kept a detailed log of the machine's operating hours and maintenance procedures．_________
【學會表達】完成句子
②我每天都記錄我在項目上的進展情況，以確保自己按計劃進行。
I ________________________________every day to ensure I stayed on track．
record
logged my progress on the project
探究二　長難句分析
4．Hopefully， as technology improves， we may have more options for managing this balance．(教材P32)
隨著技術的進步，我們有望會有更多的選擇來駕馭這一平衡。
【分析】　本句是主從復合句，as technology improves 是時間狀語從句，as 意為“隨著”。
as用作連詞時，可引導時間、原因、讓步、方式狀語從句等：
引導時間狀語從句時，與while意義相近，強調兩個動作同時發生；或某事一發生，另一事立刻發生
引導原因狀語從句時，與because用法相近
引導讓步狀語從句時，意為“雖然，盡管”，此處從句常用倒裝語序，即把從句中的表語、狀語或者動詞原形置于as之前
引導方式狀語從句時，意為“正如；按照；以……方式”
①His theory proved to be correct as time went on．
隨著時間的推移，他的理論被證明是正確的。(時間狀語從句)
②As it was getting very late， we soon turned back．
因為天越來越晚了，我們很快就返回了。(原因狀語從句)
③Young as he is， he has been one of the most famous painters in our country．
雖然他還很年輕，但已經成為我們國家最有名的畫家之一。(讓步狀語從句)
④You should do it as I told you．
你應該按照我告訴你的方式去做。(方式狀語從句)
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Much _____they hope to go home tomorrow， they're resigned to staying on until the end of the year．
②As time ______(go) by， we may need to change arrangements．
【學會表達】完成句子
③隨著年齡的增長，我們會變得更聰明。
We get wiser ________________．
as
goes
as we get older
對點練習 鞏固所學
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1．_______ n． 逮捕；拘留；中止　vt． 逮捕；拘留；阻止
2．__________ adv． 與此同時；(比較兩方面)對比之下
3．________ vt． 開發；利用；剝削
4．__________ n． 反對者；對手；競爭者
5．___________ n． [usually pl．] 個人財產；擁有；控制
arrest
meanwhile
exploit
opponent
possession
6．_______________ 巨量的
7．_________________ 充分利用某物
8．__________ 采取行動
9．___________________ 占有/擁有/取得……(強調動作)
10．__________ 溢出
vast amounts of
exploit sth to the full
take action
take possession of ...
spill over
(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1．Running along the beach， she stumbled on a log and fell on the sand．_____
2．In the second game， her opponent hurt her leg and she had to retire．______
3．The possession of large amounts of money does not ensure happiness．______
4．Neither side took prisoners or showed any mercy．______
5．The oil slick seriously threatens marine life around the islands．_____
原木
對手
擁有
仁慈
海的
維度二　語境運用
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．I have ____my possession a letter which may be of interest to you．
2．Seasonal __________(migrate) is another form of escape， especially for large mammals or birds．
3．They exploited local crises __________(make) worldwide gains．
4．The conviction of their son's __________(murder) helped to give them a sense of closure．
5．I know where ______(find) the young man who behaves with integrity．
in
migration
to make
murderer
to find
(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
1．The next meeting will settle the problem of truancy．_______
2．After only one game， the chess champion had the measure of his young rival．__________
3．It is impossible to forecast what will happen．_______
4．Her childhood is recorded in the diaries of those years．________
5．The gunmen showed no kindness， killing innocent men and women．_______
address
opponent， log， mercy， address， predict
opponent
predict
logged
mercy
維度三　能力提升
(五)長難句分析
(2024·全國甲卷)The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem， particularly in the poorer， rural areas east of the Volga River， including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk．
句意：政府一直在努力想措施以應對這個問題，特別是在伏爾加河以東較為貧困的農村地區，包括通過視頻聊天安排醫生預約，以及擴大財政援助計劃，以激勵醫生在該國像克拉斯諾亞爾斯克這樣的偏遠地區行醫。
分析：句子主干是______________________________________________，是“_______”結構。to address the problem作________，修飾measures; and連接兩個動名詞短語arranging ... 和expanding ...，作including的賓語；不定式短語to motivate doctors作__________；to practice medicine作_____________。
The government has struggled to come up with measures
主謂賓
后置定語
目的狀語
賓語補足語
(六)句型轉換
1．The impact of social media on our daily lives is so great that it's beyond our thought．(改為比較狀語從句)
→_________________________________________________________
2．Exercise improves our physical health; meanwhile， it enhances our mental well being．(改為not only ... but also ...)
→__________________________________________________________________________________________
The impact of social media on our daily lives is greater than we think．
Not only does exercise improve our physical health， but it also enhances our mental well being．
維度四　素養提升
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．We need more time to see how things develop __________________(在我們采取行動前)．
2．I went out for dinner last night and drank _______________________ (大量紅酒)．
3．We’ve already bought the house but we ________________________(沒有擁有它) until May．
before we take action
large amounts of red wine
won’t take possession of it
(八)翻譯
1．隨著時間的流逝，貧富之間的差距越來越小。(as引導的時間狀語從句)
_____________________________________________________________
2．取笑殘疾人是不對的。(動詞不定式短語作主語)
______________________________________
As time goes by， the divisions between rich and poor are getting less deep．
To make fun of the disabled is not right．
課后課時作業（一）
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比70%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·天津市河東區高二下期中)Every small child knows the panic of losing sight of its mother in the supermarket， and as the pictures show， small whales obviously feel the same way．
Taken by a British diver who was following the sperm whale (抹香鯨) calf， they show the minute the baby—who had lost track of its mum—found her again in the sea off the Azores．
Jumping 30 ft across the waves， the newborn slammed (猛力推) its body onto the water with joy after becoming separated from its family group in the cold waters．
But the whale calf was doing more than just jumping for joy．
Justin Hart， who took the pictures， said that young whales communicate with older ones in the ocean by creating a slamming sound which travels through the water to the ears of the adults deep below．
By jumping out of the water and slamming its 12 ft long body onto the surface of the sea up to 30 times， the baby whale is telling its relatives where it is so they can regroup．
He said， “Sperm whales， of all the whales and dolphins， are the species that dive the deepest and for the longest time．”
“The calves have to follow what's going on below them from the surface—probably listening to the echo location (回聲定位) clicks of the adults．”
“However， sometimes the adults re surface far out of sight of the calf， and in this situation the whales often jump out of the water causing a large bang as their bodies hit the surface． In this way， whale family can regroup．”
Sperm whales live in nearly all the world’s oceans in groups of about 15 to 20 animals and they practice communal (集體的) childcare． The calves do not have to follow their mother too closely as a sperm whale calf can take milk from any milk producing female in its social group．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了關于抹香鯨的新發現——小鯨魚可以通過身體拍打水面找尋自己的媽媽。
1．The underlined word“they”in Paragraph 2 probably refers to ________．
A．the whales B．the divers
C．the photos D．the mothers
解析：指代判斷題。根據第一段內容以及第二段中的“Taken by a British diver who was following the sperm whale (抹香鯨) calf”可知，英國潛水員拍的這些照片顯示了失去母親蹤跡的小鯨魚在亞速爾群島附近再次找到母親的那一刻，由此可知，they指代的是上文提到的照片。故選C。
2．According to Justin Hart， the young sperm whale ________．
A．found its family with his help
B．suffered a lot in the cold waters
C．lost contact with its family for days
D．slammed as a means of communication
解析：細節理解題。根據第五段內容可知，抹香鯨幼崽通過拍擊水面來與成年抹香鯨交流。故選D。
3．What do we know about sperm whales
A．The young are independent．
B．They are highly social animals．
C．They tend to live in warm sea waters．
D．Females take turns to care for babies．
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Sperm whales live in ... practice communal (集體的) childcare．”可知，抹香鯨會成群地生活，實行集體育兒，由此可推知，它們是高度群居性動物。故選B。
B
(2024·上海市閔行區高二下期末)As midnight approaches in Svalbard， a young polar bear climbs onto an iceberg (冰山) and carves himself a temporary bed before falling asleep． This peaceful moment， capturing the essence of Earth’s delicacy， was taken by Nima Sarikhani， who won Wildlife Photographer of the Year People’s Choice Award， which is decided by public vote．
Sarikhani， from the UK， spent three days searching Norway’s Svalbard islands in the hope of catching sight of these symbolic Arctic (北極的) animals． He was finally rewarded with the sight of both an older and younger male shortly after his ship changed course． Sarikhani seized the chance to take a photo of the younger bear sleeping on the iceberg—a scene that not only awakens the bond between an animal and its habitat， but also the need to act on global challenges like climate change and habitat loss．
These days， the sight of a lone polar bear on melting ice is a familiar symbol of the impact of climate change． But that is for a good reason: global warming is having a particularly rapid effect on the Arctic， which is heating up at a rate three times as high as that of the average around the world． Among those hardest hit are these bears， which are increasingly threatened by the reduction in sea ice cover that they rely on to hunt and raise young．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過攝影師Nima Sarikhani (尼瑪·薩里哈尼)拍攝的一張睡在融化的冰川上的孤獨的北極熊的照片，展現出全球氣候變暖對生物的影響，以此激勵人們行動起來保護北極熊。
Though his photo is intended to arouse emotion in those who see it， Sarikhani is optimistic that with the right actions， it isn’t too late for polar bears． The image was displayed in an exhibition at the Natural History Museum， London， along with the competition’s four runners up， until 30 June．
4．Sarikhani's journey in Svalbard can be described as ________．
A．purposeful B．leisurely
C．profit driven D．research led
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Sarikhani， from the UK ... these symbolic Arctic (北極的) animals．”可知，Sarikhani的這次旅行是有目的的。故選A。
5．It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________．
A．polar bears are likely to die out
B．the warming of the Arctic just begins
C．sea ice cover is vital for polar bears' survival
D．polar bears are adapting well to climate change
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Among those hardest hit ... to hunt and raise young．”可推知，海冰覆蓋對于北極熊的生存極其重要。故選C。
6．According to the last paragraph， what's Sarikhani's hope for the impact of his photo
A．To arouse people's sadness for the scene．
B．To motivate people to protect polar bears．
C．To attract more visitors to the Arctic．
D．To boost the popularity of the exhibition．
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Though his photo ... it isn't too late for polar bears．”可推知，Sarikhani的照片旨在激勵人們行動起來保護北極熊。故選B。
7．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage
A．Svalbard's quietness: Polar bears' comfortable zone
B．Arctic adventure: Search for a dramatic landscape
C．Bearing witness: Polar bears' shelter on melting ice
D．Ice and isolation: A faraway natural wonder
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要通過一張睡在融化的冰川上的孤獨的北極熊的照片，展現出全球氣候變暖對生物的影響，以此激勵人們行動起來保護北極熊，C項(見證：北極熊在融化的冰上的避難所)最適合作為文章標題。故選C。
Ⅱ　應用文寫作
日本將核污水排海的事件引起了國際上的廣泛關注。假如你是李華，請向某中學生英語報刊環保專欄投稿，表達對此事的看法。內容包括：
1．發表看法；
2．發出呼吁。
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯： 核污水 nuclear contaminated water
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
Japan has poured nuclear contaminated water into the sea， which caused widespread international attention．
I strongly condemn this action． As human beings， we should protect our sea and pouring nuclear contaminated water into the sea should be forbidden． For one thing， nuclear contaminated water may cause many sea animals to die． For another， people who eat marine products from the polluted sea will be sick．
As we all know， the ocean is very important for people． Pouring nuclear contaminated water into the sea is harmful to sea animals and human beings， which should be stopped．
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·湖南省長沙市平高集團六校聯考高二下期末)We moved to a small seaside community in New Zealand 10 years ago， because my husband Phil worked as a biologist and he had to do research near the sea． I had seen seals (海豹) around Pilot Bay， which is near here． Sometimes you see them out on the rocks， sunning themselves or playing—but usually in their own territory． They never thought about disturbing their neighbors．
讀后續寫
It was a dark winter morning in August this year when a seal came． At 5：50 am， I left the house to go fitness training． I went down to the car parked in the driveway and heard a growl (咆哮)． I thought our cat， Coco， must have chased a dog under the car． I jumped into the car to avoid getting my ankles bitten， and moved slowly， but then I felt the car hit something． When I got out to have a look， I couldn’t see anything and thought it must have moved on． Then when I got back into my seat， I saw a baby seal in the headlights．
I thought， “Oh， my God，” but didn’t panic—the ocean is just down the driveway and I thought it would find its way back． Off I went to the training center and gave everyone there a laugh when I said， “Sorry I’m late; there was a seal under the car．” I didn’t think about it again until I got home． As I walked through the garage (車庫)， I noticed our baskets had been moved． I wondered if it was the seal， but then I guessed it could not be the seal because I didn’t think it could fit through the cat door， which was the only way into the garage． But I was wrong． As I opened the door to the house， I brushed something and heard this flip flip flip flip sound， and thought， “My God， that is the seal．”
It was so cute like a lovely soft toy．﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
We called Animal Protection Station， and a worker came over．﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
注意：
1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。
1．Read for characters (人物)
I， Phil (husband)， ____________， a worker from the Animal Protection Station
2．Read for conflict/problems (沖突/問題)
____________came to my car in the morning and into my garage later．
a baby seal
5R解讀故事
A baby seal
3．Read for plot (情節)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感變化)
I was ______to see a baby seal in the headlights and thought it would go back to the sea but I was ___________to find it in the garage later．
5．Read for theme (主題)
We should raise _______________protecting animals．
panic
surprised
the awareness of
Step 1：先寫最后一句(主題句)
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2：再寫銜接句(第一段的最后一句)
_________________________________________________________________
For us， it was pretty good to see so many people care for our lovely wild neighbors: seals．
4步確定框架
On Phil’s arriving home， we immediately looked for the contact information．
Step 3：根據所給段首語句寫角色的情感
第一段：
It had watery eyes and looked at me like a child， which made me ____________
want to keep it secretly．
第二段：
It was _____to see the little lovely wild creature wrapped up in a net to be taken away， but ____________lifted from my inner heart when the worker said it would be released into the sea after being checked．
desperately
a great relief
sad
Step 4：補全續寫每段的中間內容
第一段：
It had watery eyes and looked at me like a child， which made me desperately want to keep it secretly． But I knew it was a wild animal and it should ______________， because wild animals belong to the wild． _______________， I phoned Phil， who was on his way home from a work trip． He told me that wild animals smelled bad and I probably never knew how sharp their teeth were．
be back to its home
With a deep sigh
第二段：
It was sad to see the little lovely wild creature wrapped up in a net ____________
______，but a great relief lifted from my inner heart when the worker said it would _______________________after being checked． Experiencing this fortuitous encounter with the seal reminded me that we should help raise the awareness of protecting seals． So， I together with Phil， posted the photos ____________________and it snowballed．
to be taken away
be released into the sea
on the social media
寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者一家于10年前搬到了新西蘭的一個海邊小社區，有一天作者發現一只小海豹出現在自家門前。作者給丈夫打了電話，夫婦倆是如何處置這頭小海豹的？這次經歷給作者帶來什么樣的感悟？
[精彩范文]
It was so cute like a lovely soft toy． It had watery eyes and looked at me like a child， which made me desperately want to keep it secretly． But I knew it was a wild animal and it should be back to its home， because wild animals belong to the wild． With a deep sigh， I phoned Phil， who was on his way home from a work trip． He told me that wild animals smelled bad and I probably never knew how sharp their teeth were． On Phil’s arriving home， we immediately looked for the contact information．
We called Animal Protection Station， and a worker came over． It was sad to see the little lovely wild creature wrapped up in a net to be taken away， but a great relief lifted from my inner heart when the worker said it would be released into the sea after being checked． Experiencing this fortuitous encounter with the seal reminded me that we should help raise the awareness of protecting seals． So， I together with Phil， posted the photos on the social media and it snowballed． For us， it was pretty good to see so many people care for our lovely wild neighbors: seals．
情節邏輯(范文和自己想的有何不同)
語言表達(原文和范文中有哪些表達更地道更準確) 1．
2．
3．
課后課時作業（二）
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比40%)　拔高題(占比30%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★★ ★★★ ★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·湖北省部分省級示范高中高二下期中)In habitats across the planet， animals periodically drop everything to walk， fly or swim to a new place． Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents． Others， including small songbirds， gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code． And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration．
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model， and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way． Take the Cory’s shearwater， an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year． The young do not migrate with their parents， so culture cannot explain their journeys． And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual， making genetics equally unlikely．
Cory’s shearwaters are long lived， rarely producing young successfully before age nine． This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns． Researchers call this the “exploration refinement”， and until now it has been hypothetical (假設的) because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals’ movements．
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine． They found that younger birds traveled longer distances， for longer periods， and had more diverse paths than older birds． “We finally have evidence of the ‘exploration refinement’ for migratory birds，” says Letizia Campioni， who led the study． Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults—but they do not， suggesting that the young do more exploring， which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對Cory海鷗遷徙的模式的研究。
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies， “exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms (生物) in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man made changes，” says Barbara Frei． “It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe．”
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．It describes animals' habitats．
B．It talks about migration models．
C．It compares different species．
D．It introduces a tracking technology．
解析：段落大意題。根據第一段中的“Wildlife such as whales and geese ... to guide their migration．”可知，本段主要講述動物遷徙的模式。故選B。
2．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A．The opening for learning and practice．
B．The unique living habit of Cory's shearwaters．
C．The way Cory's shearwaters form their migration patterns．
D．The process scientists track Cory‘s shearwaters’ movements．
解析：指代判斷題。根據第三段中的“Cory's shearwaters are long lived ... Researchers call this the ‘exploration refinement’”可知，Cory海鷗壽命很長，很少能在9歲之前成功繁殖后代。這為學習和實踐發展它們的遷移模式留下了空間，研究人員稱這種模式為“探索—優化”。由此可知，畫線詞this指代的是Cory海鷗遷徙模式形成的方式。故選C。
3．What does Letizia's study find about the younger Cory's shearwaters
A．They travel as much as adult birds．
B．They move in a predictable manner．
C．They lower the speed for exploration．
D．They look for a course with their parents．
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to ... and settle into a preferred course．”可知，Letizia (萊蒂齊婭)的研究發現小Cory海鷗為了做更多的探索降低了它們的飛行速度。故選C。
4．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Man made changes make migration easier．
B．Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track．
C．Course exploration contributes to birds' adaptability．
D．A combination of strategies assures migration success．
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Although it may seem ... says Barbara Frei．”可推知，路線探索有助于鳥類的適應能力。故選C。
B
(2024·湖北省恩施州咸豐春暉高級中學高二下月考)For the history of life on Earth， organisms have relied on the light of the sun， moon， and stars to find their way and schedule their lives． While the beginning of electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans， it has caused problems in the natural world． Among the impacts of artificial light at night (ALAN)， light pollution lures migrating birds to cities with shocking consequences， contributes to the alarming decline in insect populations， and convinces sea turtle babies to amble (緩行) away from the water instead of towards it．
Now， a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals (珊瑚) into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce．
Using a combination of light pollution data and spawning (產卵) observations， researchers were able to show for the first time that corals exposed to ALAN are spawning one to three days earlier and closer to the full moon compared to those on unlit corals． “That shift may reduce the survival and fertilization success of gametes (配子) and genetic connectivity between nearby lit and unlit coral systems，” they explain．
“Corals are among the most biodiverse， economically important， and threatened ecosystems on the planet，” write the authors of the study．
“Climate change has led to mass bleaching (褪色) events． Habitat destruction， fisheries， and pollution have reduced corals substantially since the 1950s，” they write， adding， “The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years．”
If we want to reduce the harm ALAN is causing， we could perhaps look to delay the switching on of night time lighting in coastal regions to ensure the natural dark period between sunset and moonrise when coral reproduction remains undisturbed．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了海濱城市照明產生的光會使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚產卵早，從而對其產生不利影響。
5．Why is the first paragraph written
A．To present the topic of the text．
B．To advocate energy conservation．
C．To explain a natural phenomenon．
D．To provide background information．
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段內容可知，本段介紹了始于 19 世紀末的人造光源對自然界產生的不好的影響，結合下文闡述人造光對于珊瑚的危害可推知，第一段的目的是提供背景信息。故選D。
6．What does the underlined word “optimum” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Possible． B．Appropriate．
C．Flexible． D．Sensitive．
解析：詞義猜測題。畫線詞后的“when they would normally reproduce”為定語從句，修飾the optimum times，由此可知，“the optimum times”指的是“珊瑚正常的繁殖時間”，畫線詞與appropriate意思相近，意為“合適的，恰當的”。故選B。
7．What is the researchers' major concern over corals
A．Extinction． B．Losing value．
C．Terrible diseases． D．Exposure to moonlight．
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years．”可知，研究人員最大的擔心是珊瑚的滅絕。故選A。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Creatures Rely on Natural Lights to Schedule Their Life
B．Night time Lighting Shortens Natural Dark Period
C．Coastal Lights Trick Corals into Early Spawning
D．Light Pollution Leads to Serious Consequences
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了海濱城市的照明對珊瑚的影響，這些照明產生的光會使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚產卵早，從而對其產生不利影響。C項(海岸燈光誘使珊瑚提早產卵)最適合作為文章標題。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河北省保定市部分高中高二下聯考)In a world record effort to help save a rare sea creature， Australian scientists have released hundreds of baby seahorses into the wild． The tiny seahorses are endangered， and the scientists hope the new seahorses will help their numbers grow．
Seahorses are small， thin fish with a long mouth． They're called “seahorses” because they look a bit like horses． Even though they're fish， seahorses aren't great swimmers． __1__
There are over 40 different kinds of seahorses． They mostly live in warm， shallow waters around the world． They are often found in coral reefs， in beds of seagrass， and areas where rivers empty into the sea． __2__ They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals， such as crabs．
Many kinds of seahorses are threatened， often by the actions of humans． __3__ They are also sometimes caught by accident when boats are trying to catch other fish．
__4__ Males have a special pouch (育兒袋) that allows them to carry over 100 babies at a time． The tiny babies are born alive and can swim right away． When they're born the babies are about the size of a grain of rice．
This is the fifth time the scientists have released seahorses into the area， and this is a new record． __5__ The researchers say about 90% of them survived， which is unusually high． The researchers put tiny tags under the skin of many of the seahorses to help track them in the future．
A．Seahorse babies are easy to carry．
B．Around 380 seahorses were released．
C．Sometimes they're caught and sold as pets．
D．People should be prohibited from catching seahorses．
E．Seahorses form an important part of the ocean's food chain．
F．They often use their tails to hold onto something in the water．
G．Seahorses are unusual because it’s the males who carry the babies．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了為增加海馬的數量，澳大利亞科學家第五次向大海投放海馬，這次成活率創歷史新高。
1．答案：F
解析：根據上文“Even though they're fish， seahorses aren't great swimmers．”可知，海馬不擅長游泳，F項(它們常用尾巴抓住水里的東西來固定身體。)承接上文，F項中的“They”指代上文中的“seahorses”。故選F。
2．答案：E
解析：根據下文“They eat tiny sea creatures and are eaten by bigger sea animals， such as crabs．”可知，海馬是海洋食物鏈的組成部分。E項(海馬是海洋食物鏈的重要組成部分。)符合語境。故選E。
3．答案：C
解析：根據上文“Many kinds of seahorses are threatened， often by the actions of humans．”可知，海馬受到人類行為的威脅。C項(有時它們會被捕獲并作為寵物出售。)承接上文，具體解釋人類對海馬的威脅。故選C。
4．答案：G
解析：根據下文“Males have a special pouch (育兒袋)”可知，雄性海馬有育兒袋。G項(海馬是不尋常的，因為它是雄性攜帶幼崽。)引出下文。故選G。
5．答案：B
解析：上文“This is the fifth time ... this is a new record．”提到科學家們向海洋投放海馬；下文“The researchers say about 90%of them survived， which is unusually high．”提到海馬的存活率。B項(大約380只海馬被投放。)承上啟下。故選B。
單元寫作
單元寫作——關于海洋勘探的議論文
本單元的寫作要求圍繞海洋勘探寫一篇議論文。針對這種觀點輸出的議論文寫作，我們要注意以下幾個方面：
1．觀點要清晰。在寫作中要清晰地呈現對海洋勘探一事的觀點，并且要重點突出、觀點明確。
2．用詞要準確。在寫作中要運用恰當的詞匯，這樣才能有理有據、表達準確。
3．敘述要生動。當描述雙方就不同的觀點進行激烈交鋒時，要渲染出飽滿、激昂的辯論氣氛，做到讓讀者感同身受。
4．結尾要強調。在寫作的結尾，應強調同意或反對某一方觀點。
5．主旨要正面。在文章的結尾處，除了做好總結以外，也要給讀者留下一個積極正面的印象，讓讀者能從中有所收獲。
Recently there is a heated debate over the exploration of sea in our class．
Some of the students subscribe to the view that ________ (一方觀點)． That's because it will make it possible ________ (理由)． In addition， ________ (論據支持)． However， others are against it， because they believe ________ (另一方觀點)． Worse still， ________ (補充觀點)．
Personally， sea exploration should be balanced with economic needs． Hopefully， ________ (個人觀點)．
1．We had a discussion about whether it is necessary to ...
我們討論了是否有必要……
2．What impresses me most is that some are strongly against it while others approve of it．
令我印象最深的是，有些人強烈反對，而另一些人則贊成。
3．Recently， the problem of ... has aroused people's concern．
最近，……的問題引起了人們的注意。
※開頭常用句式
1．Many students agreed with ocean exploration for two reasons．
許多學生贊成海洋探索有兩個原因。
2．However， the past ten years has witnessed that some creatures have died out due to the marine pollution， which has been greatly concerned by the whole world．
然而，在過去的十年里，由于海洋污染，一些生物已經滅絕，這已經引起了全世界的極大關注。
3．Some think it important to explore the sea because we can have a better understanding of the marine ecosystem．
有些人認為探索海洋很重要，因為我們可以更好地了解海洋生態系統。
※主體段落常用句式
4．However， some students highlighted the pollution caused by human activities and the potential serious consequences of excessive exploration．
然而，一些學生強調了人類活動造成的污染以及過度勘探可能帶來的嚴重后果。
5．Sea exploration might help improve our understanding of the life on the earth．
海洋探索可能有助于增進我們對地球上生命的了解。
6．Information from ocean exploration is very important， which helps us to predict earthquakes and tsunamis．
來自海洋探索的信息很重要，這些信息有助于我們預測地震和海嘯。
1．Everything has two sides and it is not an exception: it has both advantages and disadvantages．
任何事情都有兩面性，它也不例外：它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
2．In my opinion， it is more advisable to do ... than to do ...
我的觀點是做……比做……更明智。
3．As far as I'm concerned， balancing the needs of ocean development and conservation is essential to ensure the health and sustainability of this crucial resource．
就我而言，平衡海洋開發和保護的需求對于確保這一重要資源的健康和可持續性至關重要。
※結尾常用句式
最近，你班同學就“Is Sea Exploration Worthwhile？”這一話題展開了一場討論。請你根據下表提供的信息，用英語寫一篇短文，記錄討論的情況，并談談自己的看法。
30%的同學認為 70%的同學認為 你的觀點
1．不值得探索 2．會對海洋造成污染 3．一些人殘忍獵殺一些海洋動物，導致它們滅絕 1．值得探索 2．為了更好地了解我們的星球，必須進行海洋探索 3．海洋擁有豐富的資源，有助于解決能源短缺問題 ……
注意：1．寫作詞數應為80個左右；
2．可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
Is Sea Exploration Worthwhile
Recently our class had a heated discussion on whether it is necessary to explore the sea． Students hold different ideas about it．
30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile， holding the opinion that it will pollute the sea． Some people hunt marine animals without mercy， causing them to die out． However， 70% of us think the sea is worth exploring， which is beneficial to human beings． To better understand our planet， we must explore the sea． Moreover，
the sea is abundant in a variety of resources， which enables us to address the important issue of energy shortages．
As far as I am concerned， it’s worthwhile to explore the sea for the benefit of future generations． Meanwhile， we should exploit the sea properly．

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