資源簡介

英語 選擇性必修 第三冊[RJ]
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．wage n. 工資
2．expedition n. 探險；遠征；探險隊
3．vigour [NAmE vigor] n. 精力；力量；活力
4．cupboard n. 櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜
5．steward n. (輪船、飛機或火車上的)乘務員；服務員
6．stove n. 爐具；廚房灶具
7．blanket n. 毯子
8．banjo n. 班卓琴(樂器)
9．voyage n．& vi. 航海；航行
10．navy n. 海軍；海軍部隊
11．cosy [NAmE cozy] adj. 溫馨的；舒適的
12．good/bad tempered adj. 脾氣好的/壞的
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．adversity n. 困境；逆境
2．bitter adj. 嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．aboard adv.& prep. 上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)
4．assign vt. 分派；布置；分配
5．envy n．& vt.羨慕；妒忌
6．crush vt. 毀壞；壓壞；壓碎　n. 擁擠的人群
7．abandon vt. 舍棄；拋棄；放棄
8．miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人難受的
9．decent adj. 相當不錯的；正派的；得體的
10．selfish adj. 自私的
11．resolve vi.& vt. 決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)　n. 決心；堅定的信念
12．crew n. (輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業團隊；一群人
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→endure v. 忍耐；忍受
2．qualified adj. 符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)→qualify vi. 取得資格→qualification n. (通過考試或學習課程取得的)資格；學歷
3．enthusiastic adj. 熱情的；熱心的→enthusiasm n. 熱情→enthusiast n. 熱忠于……的人；熱心者
4．belongings n. [pl.]財物；動產→belong vi. 屬于；應在(某處)
5．genuine adj． 真正的；真誠的；可信賴的→genuinely adv． 真正地；真誠地
6．perseverance n． 毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→persevere vi． 堅持；孜孜以求
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
sink 熟義：vi． 沉沒；下沉；下降
vt． 使下沉；使沉沒
生義：vt． 使失敗；使受挫；阻撓　vi． 降低，減少；倒下，坐下　n． 洗碗槽；水槽
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達
turn sb down 拒絕(某人)
課文三維剖析
A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
一次成功的失敗
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914． Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and1 it2 was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions． Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries．3 1連接兩個并列分句 2 it是形式主語，不定式短語to be part of his expeditions是真正的主語，a great honour是it的主語補足語 3表語提前引起的全部倒裝句
珀西·布萊克博羅于1914年加入歐內斯特·沙克爾頓爵士的“堅忍”號南極探險之旅。 沙克爾頓是那個時代最負盛名的探險家之一，參加他的探險活動被視為極大的榮耀。以下是布萊克博羅的幾篇日記摘錄。
31 Oct 1914
1914年10月31日
．．． Well， it4 so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition 4 it為形式主語，后面的that引導的主語從句為真正的主語
……好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧買了份報紙，看到了這則有關南極探險的招募廣告。
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that5 I have been dreaming of6． And I was ready for it． At the age of 19， I am fit and full of vigour． However， when7 I applied to join the expedition， Shackleton turned me down because8 he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified9． But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that10 I secretly went aboard his ship， the Endurance， and11 hid in a small cupboard． Unfortunately， three days after we set off I was discovered． Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job， but only after he promised me， “If anyone has to be eaten， then you will be the first！” He assigned me to be a steward， and I now serve meals for twenty eight men， three times a day． 5引導定語從句 6現在完成進行時(時態)，其構成為“have/has been＋現在分詞” 7引導時間狀語從句 8引導原因狀語從句 9省略了引導詞that的賓語從句 10引導結果狀語從句 11連接兩個并列結構went aboard his ship， the Endurance和hid in a small cupboard
跟隨偉大的歐內斯特·沙克爾頓爵士前往南極探險——這可是我夢寐以求的冒險之旅啊。而且，我萬事俱備。我今年19歲，身體健康，精力充沛。然而，當我申請參加這次探險時，沙克爾頓卻拒絕了我，因為他認為我太年輕，不具備資格。但是，滿懷著想要與他們同赴南極的熱情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“堅忍”號輪船，躲在一個小櫥柜里。不幸的是，在我們出發三天后，我被發現了。沙克爾頓不想掉頭，于是他給了我一份工作，但他要我答應他：“如果有人得被吃掉，那么你就是第一個！”他指派我擔任服務員，我現在為28名船員供應一日三餐。
How12 everyone will envy me when13 I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to14! 等我回來，當我告訴每個人我去過的那些神奇地方，大家該會多么羨慕我啊！ 21 Nov 1915 1915年11月21日 The journey has not been easy． Endurance became stuck in the ice as15 we approached Antarctica．The ice froze around us and16 we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice． And when17 the ship sank， our hearts sank with it． 12引導感嘆句 13引導時間狀語從句 14 I have been to是省略了引導詞that/which的定語從句，修飾先行詞the amazing places 15引導時間狀語從句， become stuck in意為“被卡住，被困于” 16連接兩個并列分句 17引導時間狀語從句
這趟旅程并不輕松。在我們靠近南極時，“堅忍”號卡在了冰里。冰把我們周圍都凍住了，我們徹底被卡住了！我們眼睜睜看著輪船被冰擠毀。船沉了，我們的心也跟著下沉。
Before18 we abandoned the ship， Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats， our food， the cook stove， candles， clothes， and blankets19． This was no time to panic． We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings， and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold． But to our surprise， he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo． Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up． 18引導時間狀語從句 19 the small boats … and blankets是supplies的同位語
在我們棄船之前，沙克爾頓鎮定地把大家召集在一起，告訴我們要搶救最需要的供給品——小船、食物、炊具、蠟燭、衣服和毛毯。這不是驚慌失措的時候。我們絕大部分的個人物品都被禁止攜帶，沙克爾頓自己則扔掉了他所有的黃金。然而，令我們驚訝的是，他允許赫西帶上他的班卓琴。赫西經常會彈奏班卓琴，以振奮我們的精神。
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive， but20 spring is coming， and the ice will soon begin to melt． 現在，我們在冰層上扎營，一直在設法生存下來，但是，春天就要來了，冰層很快就會融化。 20 May 1916 1916年5月20日 20連接兩個并列分句We are now camped ．．．和spring is coming ．．．
We have been struggling for days， but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse． We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place． Soon after21 we arrived， Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island， 1，320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats22． If23 Shackleton fails， will we have any hope of rescue No． No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island， and no one else knows that we are here． 21引導時間狀語從句 22 too ．．． (for sb) to do ．．． 意為“太……以至于(對某人來說)不能做某事” 23引導條件狀語從句
我們已苦苦掙扎多日，但是象島上的情況越來越糟糕。現在，在這個悲慘之地的巖石海岸，我們擠在一艘小船下。我們來到此處不久之后，沙克爾頓就離開我們，前往1，320公里之外的南喬治亞島尋求幫助——這一航行對于我們所有人而言太危險、太艱難了，乘坐小船，肯定無法每個人都到達。如果沙克爾頓失敗了，我們還有任何獲救的希望嗎？沒有。全世界沒有海軍會停靠象島，也沒有其他人知道我們在這里。
I feel low． It's cold and windy． The island has no plants． Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat． Otherwise， there is no food． I try to think of happier things24: decent food，warm and dry clothes， a cosy bedroom， sunny days， and my mother's face ．．． However， these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air． 24動詞不定式短語作賓語
我感到十分沮喪。天冷風大。島上沒有任何植物，有時我們能抓到一只海豹或企鵝來充饑。除此以外，沒有任何食物。我試著去想讓人開心的事情：美味的食物、暖和的干衣服、舒適的臥房、晴朗的天氣，還有媽媽的臉龐……然而，這些快樂的回憶很快被突然涌進的一股冷空氣打斷。
I shouted， “Shut the door！”
我吼道：“把門關上！”
“Hold on now， Perce． Don't you go turning into another Tom25，” came the reply26． “We've caught another penguin， so it's penguin soup tonight！” 25祈使句 26倒裝句
傳來一聲回答：“要堅持住啊，珀西。你可不要變成另一個湯姆。”“我們又抓到了一只企鵝，今晚有企鵝湯喝了！”
Bless Frank Wild， the kindest man there27 is after our leader， Ernest Shackleton． How28 could I become as selfish and bad tempered as Thomas Orde Lees! 27 Frank Wild的同位語 28引導感嘆句
上帝保佑弗蘭克·懷爾德，他是除了我們的領隊歐內斯特·沙克爾頓之外最和藹可親的人。我怎么可以變得像托馬斯·奧德里斯那樣自私和脾氣暴躁呢！
Without Frank and Ernest29， we'd all be dead by now30． Their genuine concern for others， their perseverance， and their resolve fill me with hope． 29相當于一個條件狀語從句 30表示與現在事實相反的假設
要不是有弗蘭克和歐內斯特，我們到現在早就沒命了。他們對別人的真心關懷、他們的鍥而不舍以及堅定的信念，讓我充滿希望。
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home31， after all． 31同位語從句，解釋說明chance
畢竟，我們也許還有機會回家。
閱讀領悟
(一)填空并匹配
1．The author joined the Endurance expedition and became a crew member on Endurance．(C)
2．Shackleton and his crew abandoned the ship Endurance．(A)
3．The crew members' life on Elephant Island．(B)
A．Diary 2：1915．11．21 B．Diary 3：1916．5．20
C．Diary 1：1914．10．31
(二)排序
It's a expedition I have been dreaming of， so I applied to join the expedition．
I bought a newspaper and read an advertisement about the Antarctic expedition．
Later， I secretly went aboard the ship and hid in a small cupboard．
Unfortunately， I was discovered． Shackleton didn't turn me back but assigned me to be a steward．
Because Shackleton thought I was too young to be qualified， so I was turned down， but I was still enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them．
(三)問題鏈
1．How did the author manage to be a crew member of the ship Endurance
He went aboard the ship and hid in a small cupboard．
2．Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
Playing the banjo could keep the members up while waiting for rescue in the desperate situation．
3．How did Blackborow feel when Endurance sank
Worried， terrified and panic．
探究一　熱詞
1．assign vt． 分派；布置；分配；委派，派遣(教材P38)
assignment n． 分配，布置；工作，任務；作業 assign sb sth＝assign sth to sb 把某物/工作/任務分配/分派/布置給某人 assign sb to (do) sth 指派某人(做)某事 assign sb as sth 指派某人任某一職務
①I have a lot of reading assignments to complete before the end of term．
學期結束前我有很多閱讀作業要完成。
②The teacher assigned each of the children a different task．
＝The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children．
老師給每個孩子布置了不同的任務。
③The forces have been assigned to help with peacekeeping．
軍隊被派遣協助維持和平。
單句語法填空
①Our teacher assigned him as a leader in the math class．
②As those assignments (assign) had been done， he went on to search the Internet．
③My brother graduated from a university and was assigned to work (work) at a research institute．
完成句子
④史密斯先生決定把這項重要的任務分配給有強烈責任感的人。
Mr Smith decided to assign the important task to whoever had a strong sense of responsibility．
2．envy n．& vt． 羨慕；妒忌(教材P38) envious adj． 羨慕的；妒忌的 enviously adv． 羨慕地；妒忌地 with envy 羨慕地；妒忌地 out of envy 出于羨慕/妒忌 be/become the envy of ．．． 成為……羨慕(或妒忌)的對象 be green with envy 非常嫉妒 envy sb (doing) sth 羨慕/妒忌某人(做)某事 be envious of 羨慕/妒忌……
①I was looking enviously at your plate，wishing I'd had the fish．
我羨慕地看著你的盤子，真希望我有魚吃。
②I watched with envy as she set off for the airport．
我羨慕地看著她動身去機場。(心理描寫)
③Their economy is the envy of the developing world．
他們的經濟令發展中國家羨慕。
④She could see that all the other girls were green with envy．
她看得出來，其他女孩都妒忌得要命。
⑤He envied Caroline her peace．
他羨慕卡羅琳的平和。
單句語法填空
①If you have no selfish motives，you will not be suspicious and envious (envy) of others．
②Our mobile payment has become the envy of other countries．
③Mark and his brother both looked enviously (envy) at the shinning computer．
翻譯
④我羨慕你有這么一個親密的家庭。
I envy you having such a close family．
⑤出于妒忌，她用咖啡把畫給毀了。
Out of envy， she ruined the painting with coffee．
3．abandon vt． 舍棄；拋棄；放棄；陷入，沉湎于　n． 放任，放縱(教材P38) abandoned adj． 被離棄的；被遺棄的；被拋棄的 abandon doing sth 放棄做某事 abandon oneself to 陷于；沉溺于 with abandon 盡情地；放縱地
①Logic had prevailed and he had abandoned the idea．
理性占了上風，他放棄了該想法。
②An abandoned baby was found in a box on the hospital steps．
在醫院臺階上的一個箱子里發現了一個棄嬰。
③He abandoned himself to despair．
他陷入絕望中。
④The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon．
姑娘們跳上跳下，盡情地揮舞著手臂。
單句語法填空
①Children feel abandoned (abandon) and rejected if they don't see their parents regularly．
②He abandoned studying (study) abroad owing to his mother's illness．
③Abandoning himself to sorrow， Steven just couldn't help crying．
翻譯
④這個男孩從小就被父母遺棄，然而在生活中遇到困難時，他并沒有陷入絕望。
The boy was abandoned by his parents when he was a baby; however， he doesn't abandon himself to despair when meeting trouble in life．
4．resolve vi．& vt． 決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)　n． 決心；堅定的信念(教材P39) resolution n． 決議；解決；堅定；決心；決定 resolve to do sth 決心/決定去做某事 resolve (that) ．．． 決定…… resolve on sth/doing sth 決心/決定(做)某事 resolve against 決定不；堅決反對 make a resolution 做出決定；下決心
①She resolved to report the matter to the hospital's nursing manager．
她決定把這件事匯報給醫院的護士長。
②Mary resolved that she would keep the secret．
瑪麗決定保守這個秘密。
③We had resolved on making an early start．
我們決定早點出發。
④After hours of argument， they resolved against taking legal action．
經過幾個小時的爭論，他們決定不采取法律行動。
⑤She made a resolution to visit her relatives more often．
她決定要多拜訪她的親戚。
單句語法填空
①We have resolved on promoting education in underdeveloped areas．
②There's some question as to whether he will sign this resolution (resolve)．
③Influenced by my deskmate， I resolved to improve (improve) my spoken English．
完成句子
④該做的就下決心去做，決心做的務必做好。(主旨升華)
Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve．
⑤在她生病期間，她決定不熬夜。
During her illness， she resolved against staying up late．
5．qualified adj． 符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)→qualify vi． 取得資格→qualification n． (通過考試或學習課程取得的)資格；學歷
Some nursing experience is a necessary qualification for this job and she qualified as a nurse last year．
有護理經驗是做這項工作的必要條件，她去年取得了護士資格。
6．enthusiastic adj． 熱情的；熱心的→enthusiasm n． 熱情→enthusiast n． 熱衷于……的人；熱心者
The enthusiasts for environmental protection are planting trees with great enthusiasm， which makes us more enthusiastic about environment protection．
環保熱心人士植樹造林的熱情高漲，讓我們的環保熱情更加高漲。
7．belongings n． [pl．]財物；動產→belong vi． 屬于；應在(某處)
Although she's new to the school， we'd like her to feel that she belongs to here and we should not touch the personal belongings．
雖然她是新來的，但我們希望她能感覺到她是屬于這里的，而且我們不應該碰她的私人物品。
單句語法填空
①I put a few personal belongings (belong) in a bag and left the house for the last time．
②You don't seem very enthusiastic (enthusiasm) about the party—don't you want to go tonight
翻譯
③他非常勝任這項工作，但他確實缺乏個性。
He is well qualified for the job， but he does lack personality．
8 sink
[熟義]vi． 沉沒；下沉；下降　vt． 使下沉；使沉沒 [生義]vt． 使失敗；使受挫；阻撓　vi． 降低，減少；倒下，坐下　n． 洗碗槽；水槽
①The sun set and we watched as the shadows sank deeper into the valley．
夕陽西下，我們注視著陰影逐漸沉入山谷之中。
②I think I've just sunk my chances of getting the job．
我想，我已經葬送了得到那份工作的機會。
③His voice sank to a whisper．
他的聲音逐漸小得成了耳語。
④Don't just leave your dirty plates in the sink!
別把臟盤子往洗碗槽里一放就不管了！
同義詞替換
①The sun sunk below the horizon．set
翻譯
②她的父親癱坐在椅子上，不知道下一步該怎么辦。
Her father sank into the chair， not knowing how to do next．
探究二　短語
9．turn sb down 拒絕(某人)(教材P38)
turn其他相關短語： turn down 拒絕；調低(音量等) turn up 偶然出現；露面；調高(音量等) turn on 接通；打開 turn off 關掉；離開；對……失去興趣 turn out 結果是，證明是 turn to 向……求助；轉向，致力于；開始做某事 turn in 上交；交還
①I'm not going to turn down an invitation to go to New York!
我不會拒絕去紐約的邀請的！
②I wish I knew how to turn on the heating．
要是我知道如何打開暖氣裝置就好了。
③No one could have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way．
誰都沒有預料到事情的結果會這樣。
④In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to．
在危難關頭我知道我能投靠哪些朋友。
⑤If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date， it will earn a zero．
如果它在截止日期后的第4天還沒有上交，將獲得零分。(通知要求)
單句語法填空
①Franklin did not turn up until well after midnight．
②We should never forget to turn off the lights when we leave the classrooms．
③For her medical costs， the family chose to turn to charity．
④I was positive that things were going to turn out fine．
翻譯
⑤我喜歡接受挑戰做別人拒絕做的工作。
I enjoy the challenge of doing jobs that others turn down．
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1．endurance n． 忍耐力；耐久力
2．assign vt． 分派；布置；分配
3．envy n．& vt． 羨慕；妒忌
4．enthusiastic adj． 熱情的；熱心的
5．miserable adj． 痛苦的；令人難受的
6．turn sb down 拒絕(某人)
7．go aboard 上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)
8．become/be/get stuck in 困住
9．at the age of 在……歲時
10．make it 成功做某事
(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1．Far off to the west the sun was sinking．下沉
2．My belongings were scattered all over the room after the move．財物，個人物品
3．His genuine smile warmed my heart on a cold winter day．真誠的
4．With new year's resolution， I'm determined to improve my English speaking skills．決心
5．The bitter taste of lemon reminded her of her childhood in the countryside．苦澀的
維度二　語境運用
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．He showed remarkable endurance (endure) throughout his illness．
2．He abandoned himself to his sadness．
3．The Supreme Council resolved to resume (resume) control over the national press．
4．The teacher assigned a difficult math assignment (assign) for the weekend．
5．She was very enthusiastic (enthusiasm) about the project and offered to help whenever possible．
(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
persevere， adversity， cosy， resolve， abandon
1．The committee finally came to a decision after three hour discussion．resolution
2．Once you have put your hand to an undertaking， you should insist until you have finished it．persevere
3．I slept very soundly—the bed was really comfortable．cosy
4．She deserted her family and moved to a new city without a word of explanation．abandoned
5．Despite the difficulties she faced， she never gave up on her dream．adversities
維度三　能力提升
(五)長難句分析
(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)According to this theory， people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media， which are often not so serious， and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print．
句意：根據這一理論，人們對待數字文本的態度與對待社交媒體的態度相當，社交媒體通常不那么嚴肅，相比紙質閱讀，人們投入的腦力要少。
分析：句子主干是people approach digital texts ．．． and devote ．．．。suited to social media作后置定語，修飾mindset，which引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明先行詞social media， and連接并列結構approach digital texts ．．． not so serious和devote less mental ．．． reading print。
(六)句型轉換
1．The professor， along with his two students， is seated in the studio receiving the interview now．(改寫為完全倒裝)
→Seated in the studio is the professor， along with his two students， receiving the interview now．
2．The girl was so frightened that she could hardly move as a car out of control was coming towards her quickly．(改寫為too ．．． to ．．．結構)
→The girl was too frightened to move as a car out of control was coming towards her quickly．
維度四　素養提升
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．She showed concern for (表示對……的關心) the welfare of the animals in the shelter．
2．We should learn how to turn down others' invitation (謝絕別人的邀約) politely．
3．I have been dreaming of (一直在夢想著) visiting China for years， and finally I have the opportunity to make my dream come true．
(八)翻譯
1．很多醫生和護士夜以繼日地工作了幾周了。(現在完成進行時)
Dozens of doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks．
2．當我正在做一個重要項目的時候，碰巧突然停電了。(It happened that ．．．)
It happened that the power suddenly went out when I was working on an important project．
課后課時作業(一)
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·廣東省廣州市高二下期中)A 23 year old woman has achieved an unbelievable feat that many of us dream of—visiting every country on Earth．
Lexie Alford was born into a family of travel agents， which gave her the opportunity to __1__ places such as Cambodia， Dubai and Egypt during her childhood， according to Forbes magazine． She began saving up at age 12 to __2__ her goal of visiting all countries． By her 18th birthday， she had travelled to 72 nations． In October， she realized she could see the __3__ nations on her list in time to set an official record． Many people __4__ her travel on social media platform Instagram， so she decided to chase the world record partly to __5__ others． “Honestly， in the beginning， I __6__ wanted to push the limits of what I thought I could do with my life and see as much of the world as possible in the __7__，” she told Forbes． “It wasn't until things started getting really __8__ that I realized I was inspiring people around me， especially the __9__．”
“I also loved visiting Northern Pakistan， for the natural beauty of the mountains and __10__ of the locals were astonishing，” Ms Alford said． “The most pleasant __11__ about travelling to all these misunderstood areas of the world was that the countries that I had the least expectation for __12__ being the most incredible．”
“My __13__ for young people is to believe that you can do anything you set your mind to do． You have to make __14__ to travel around the world but if it's something that's genuinely __15__ to you， it's only a matter of time until you can make it a reality．”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了一名23歲的女子Lexie Alford (萊克茜·奧爾福德)完成了一件令人難以置信的事情——訪問地球上的每個國家，她的舉動激勵著無數年輕人。
1．A．report B．settle
C．tour D．love
答案：C
解析：根據上文“many of us dream of—visiting every country on Earth”可知，此處指Lexie Alford有機會到這些國家旅行。故選C。
2．A．fund B．conceive
C．switch D．set
答案：A
解析：根據上文“She began saving up at age 12”可知，她開始攢錢是為她訪問所有國家的目標提供資金。故選A。
3．A．powerful B．remote
C．developed D．remaining
答案：D
解析：根據上文“By her 18th birthday， she had travelled to 72 nations．”可知，她還要去看剩余的、沒有去過的國家。故選D。
4．A．ranked B．overlooked
C．followed D．criticized
答案：C
解析：根據下文“social media platform Instagram”可知，許多人在社交平臺Instagram上關注她的旅行。故選C。
5．A．inspire B．please
C．understand D．accompany
答案：A
解析：根據上文“Many people __4__ her travel on social media platform Instagram”可推知，她想要去爭取世界紀錄的部分原因就是想通過這件事激勵他人。故選A。
6．A．occasionally B．simply
C．completely D．temporarily
答案：B
解析：根據時間狀語“in the beginning”和上文可知，最開始她僅僅是想挑戰自己的極限，盡可能地多看看世界上的國家。故選B。
7．A．platform B．agency
C．process D．country
答案：C
解析：根據上文“see as much of the world as possible”可知，此處指在(旅行)過程中盡可能多看看世界(上的國家)。故選C。
8．A．dull B．official
C．natural D．challenging
答案：D
解析：根據下文“I realized I was inspiring people around me”可知，Lexie Alford所從事的事情具有挑戰性，激勵著身邊的人。故選D。
9．A．adults B．youth
C．bosses D．agents
答案：B
解析：根據下文“My __13__ for young people”可知，Lexie Alford環游世界這件事正激勵著身邊的人，尤其是年輕人。故選B。
10．A．kindness B．situation
C．ignorance D．status
答案：A
解析：根據上文“I also loved visiting ．．． of the mountains”可知，此處指當地人的善良讓她很驚訝。故選A。
11．A．memory B．surprise
C．lesson D．effect
答案：B
解析：根據下文“travelling to all ．．． the most incredible”可知，此處指Lexie Alford發現被人誤解的地區并非人們所說的那樣，這給了她驚喜。故選B。
12．A．started with B．met with
C．ended up D．turned back
答案：C
解析：根據上文“all these misunderstood ．．． the least expectation for”和下文“being the most incredible”可知，Lexie Alford最開始不帶著任何期待，但最終發現這些國家是最不可思議的。end up doing sth意為“最終做某事”，為固定短語。故選C。
13．A．advice B．compromise
C．belief D．comment
答案：A
解析：根據下文“you can do anything you set your mind to do”可知，這是Lexie Alford給年輕人的建議。故選A。
14．A．plans B．decision
C．devotion D．sacrifices
答案：D
解析：此處指如果你想環游世界，你就必須要做出犧牲。固定短語make sacrifices意為“做出犧牲”。故選D。
15．A．incredible B．impossible
C．important D．impressive
答案：C
解析：根據下文“it's only a matter of time until you can make it a reality”可知，此處指如果某事對你來說真的很重要，那么遲早你會通過努力完成它。故選C。
Ⅱ　閱讀
(2024·福建省泉州中遠學校高二下質量檢測)Sadaf's childhood was happy． She enjoyed going to school and meeting her friends． But one day， she returned home running a high temperature．
“We thought it was regular flu． But we were told that I would not be able to walk ever again now，” she recalls．
Sadaf was just 10 years old then． After the family was turned down by doctors in Kashmir， they went to Mumbai， where an operation was performed to treat her legs． But eventually， Sadaf had to rely on a wheelchair to move around． By this time， she had to discontinue her education．
Things worsened when her father， her “only source of support”， passed away． “Everyone except my father doubted my capabilities． But he always encouraged me to dream big． I missed him．”
“There were days when I would end up crying all day， sitting alone in my room． I was getting into depression，” she says．
“By now， I've realized that I have to either end my life or struggle to prove myself． I chose the latter． I wanted to prove to the world that people like me can also achieve something． I had just lost my ability to walk， not my ability to use my brain，” she adds．
That is why Sadaf decided to step up for herself． In 2015， she opened a shop but had to shut it a couple of years later as the work affected her eyesight． She says， “But I wanted to try my hands at everything． So I decided to play basketball as well． I have also been awarded multiple times by the Jammu and Kashmir Basketball Association．”
Recently， Sadaf tried selling unique spices of the Kashmir valley． “Today， I have established my own business without anyone's emotional or financial support． People would question me what I could achieve sitting in a wheelchair， when their educated and able bodied children sat idly (閑散地)． Now the very same people give my example to others，” she says．
Sadaf believes that people with disabilities should never doubt themselves． “If you hear others say something not so positive， you may end up depressed． Instead of living within the confines (限制) of a room， try to prove yourself，” she advises．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了殘疾人Sadaf (薩達夫)不顧他人的質疑用行動證明自己的勵志故事。
1．What did Sadaf lose after her father's death
A．Walking ability． B．Financial support．
C．Spiritual backing． D．Precious eyesight．
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Things worsened when ．．． to dream big．”可知，Sadaf的父親是她唯一的支柱，支持鼓勵她追求遠大夢想，因此父親的去世讓她失去了精神支柱。故選C。
2．Why did Sadaf try basketball
A．To build up her body． B．To prove herself．
C．To win awards． D．To pursue her dream．
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第六段中的“By now ．．． prove myself．”以及第七段中的“But I wanted ．．． play basketball as well．”可知，Sadaf打籃球是為了證明自己。故選B。
3．Which of the following can best describe Sadaf
A．Talented but inflexible． B．Disabled but learned．
C．Independent and honest． D．Determined and capable．
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第六段中的“I wanted ．．． use my brain (我想向世界證明，像我這樣的人也能有所成就。我只是失去了走路的能力，而不是失去了思考的能力)”和第七段中的“But I wanted ．．． play basketball as well．”以及最后一段中的“Sadaf believes ．．． doubt themselves．”可推知，Sadaf雖然殘疾，但是她開店、打籃球、做生意，說明她非常能干，而且在別人的質疑中勇敢地證明自己的能力，說明她是意志堅定的。故選D。
4．What message can we get from Sadaf's story
A．A fine example has limitless power．
B．Do not let your disability rule you．
C．Encouragement is the source of power．
D．Do not put all your eggs in one basket．
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據Sadaf 的故事以及最后一段中的“If you hear ．．． try to prove yourself (如果你聽到別人說一些不太積極的話，你可能會感到沮喪。與其蝸居一室，不如試著證明自己)”可推知，她建議人們要去證明自己的能力，而不要讓殘疾限制自己。故選B。
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·山東省青島市高二下月考)“Look on the bright side” is one of those __1__ (suggest) that people always consider inspiring but less helpful． However， new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes __2__ easy for people to stop complaining． Besides， looking at a challenge with humor is a good method， __3__ may even be helpful in preventing anxious people __4__ feeling sad．
In a study published much __5__ (early)， researchers gave the participants (參與者) some photos that show negative (負面的) situations． Then they would describe these __6__(photo)according to the request of researchers． Those using humorous words to describe the pictures were found to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in __7__ (they) life than those who described the photos __8__ (direct)．
So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness． The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of anxiety， humor can develop an ability __9__ (control) negative emotions． What's more， making others around you smile can be an extra benefit of humor． Therefore， when you feel stressed and couldn't concentrate your mind on what you __10__ (do)all along， find something that can make you laugh first．
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________
5．________　6．________　7．________　8．________
9．________　10．________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了從消極的情況中看到積極的一面實際上是有用的，一項研究表明，幽默地看待挑戰可能有助于防止焦慮的人感到悲傷，也有利于培養控制負面情緒的能力。
1．答案：suggestions
解析：考查詞性轉換。根據設空前的those可知，應用名詞復數。故填suggestions。
2．答案：it
解析：考查固定句型。固定句型“make it＋形容詞＋for sb＋to do sth”，意為“讓做某事對于某人來說是……的”，設空處應用it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是不定式短語。故填it。
3．答案：which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導非限制性定語從句，對先行詞method進行解釋說明，從句缺少主語，應用關系代詞which引導。故填which。
4．答案：from
解析：考查介詞。prevent sb from doing sth意為“防止某人做某事”。故填from。
5．答案：earlier
解析：考查副詞的比較級。根據設空前的much可知，應用early的比較級。故填earlier。
6．答案：photos
解析：考查名詞。these后應用復數，photo為可數名詞。故填photos。
7．答案：their
解析：考查代詞。修飾名詞life，應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。
8．答案：directly
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處應用副詞修飾動詞described。故填directly。
9．答案：to control
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處應用不定式作后置定語，表示“控制負面情緒的能力”。故填to control。
10．答案：have been doing
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據設空后的all along可知，此處指集中精力于一直在做的事情，應用現在完成進行時，主語為you。故填have been doing。
　精深閱讀
(2024·上海市青浦高級中學高二下階段性檢測)As the Alaskan sky gradually turned dark blue， the commands to my sled dog team broke the silence． I threw a glance over my shoulder as I thundered down the frozen waterway in the sub zero temperatures． Where was Mike， my guide I wondered if he realized I was miles away．
While out exploring in the early evening， my lead dog smelled something it couldn't resist． Regardless of my instructions， it instinctively wheeled around and led all the other dogs in the opposite direction at full speed． In my conversations with Mike over the past few days， I'd been told that if I got lost， I would be in big trouble． There weren't any supplies for me—no extra clothing or shelter， not to mention the firestarter， and we had seen wolf tracks regularly．
It was March， the end of the Alaskan winter． A long journey from Australia had brought me to Yukon， Alaska． My hosts' log cabin was the starting point for my 10 day adventure． Wayne and Scarlett， my hosts， lived a sustainable life． They hunted， fished， and gathered food while consciously minimizing their carbon footprint． Having enjoyed many years of exploring the Alaskan wilderness， the couple chose to help adventurers to experience the same lifestyle．
Driving a team of sled dogs is not as easy as it appears． I'd imagined it would be a very relaxing experience， in which I would ride along with a pleasant smile while gazing at the passing landscape． In reality it turned out much tougher． You must predict where your dogs would go and how the surface ahead might change．
During the journey， we stayed in a different place every night， and took care of our dog teams． These dogs can guarantee our safety and help us escape dangerous situations， so their health and well being always rank first． After we settled， we started collecting snow for water and cutting firewood．
Luckily， I didn't end up in the fangs (尖牙) of wolves． Mike found me sometime later． Our dog teams， in the excitement of being reunited， headed straight for each other and got tangled up in the ropes． There's never a boring moment．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在阿拉斯加進行的雪橇狗隊冒險旅行的故事。
1．Why did the writer get lost
A．The lead dog was misled by other dogs．
B．The lead dog followed wrong commands．
C．The lead dog was attracted by an irresistible smell．
D．The lead dog failed to determine the direction in darkness．
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“While out exploring in the early evening ．．． the opposite direction at full speed．”可知，作者迷路的原因是領頭狗聞到了一種無法抗拒的味道后不顧作者的指令，朝著相反的方向前行。故選C。
2．Which of the following can best describe a real dog sled ride
A．Dull． B．Exhausting．
C．Comfortable． D．Entertaining．
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段中的“I'd imagined it ．．． much tougher．”以及倒數第二段“During the journey ．．． cutting firewood．”可知，作者本以為雪橇狗隊冒險旅行是非常放松的，但實際上卻是非常困難的，在旅途中，每晚都住在不同的地方，照顧狗隊，安頓下來后，還需要撿雪取水、砍柴。由此推知，雪橇狗隊冒險旅行是非常令人疲憊的。故選B。
3．What do we know about the life in Alaska
A．Locals live on tourism．
B．Fire comes first in exploration．
C．Wolves live in peace with humans．
D．Dog sled teams deserve priority care．
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“These dogs can guarantee ．．． well being always rank first．”可知，雪橇狗隊應該得到優先照顧。故選D。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The Alaskan lifestyle． B．The tourism in Alaska．
C．An adventure in wilderness． D．An appreciation of nature．
答案：C
解析：主旨大意題。文章介紹了作者在阿拉斯加荒野進行的雪橇狗隊冒險旅行的故事。在夜幕降臨時，作者迷路了，并且沒有足夠的物資來生存。幸運的是，他的向導最終找到了他們。C項(荒野冒險。)概括文章的主要內容。故選C。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．command n． 命令；指令　v． 命令；控制；指揮
2．supply n． 儲備；生活必需品　v． 供應，提供
3．shelter n． 避難所；收容所，庇護所
4．adventure n． 冒險；奇遇；冒險經歷
5．minimize vt． 使減少到最低限度；使最小化
(二)高頻短語
6．throw a glance over 朝……瞥了一眼
7．gaze at 盯住；凝視
8．in reality 實際上；事實上
9．end up 最終成為；最后落得
10．get tangled up 糾纏在一起
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．We watched their ship moving gradually (gradual) farther away．
2．Follow the instructions (instruct) below to download and install the patch．
3．He is consciously (conscious) trying to overcome his weakness．
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．Who could resist the beauty of the tropical island？抗拒
5．I just went through a very tough time of my life．艱難的
6．He realized instinctively that simply training harder would never be enough．本能地
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
point, settle, track
1．They reside in a cottage at the foot of the mountain．settle
2．They searched the hills but found no trace of the wild animals．track
3．The map shows the position of the new landfills．point
(六)長難句分析
In my conversations with Mike over the past few days， I'd been told that if I got lost， I would be in big trouble．
句意：在過去幾天里，在我和邁克的談話中，他曾告訴我，如果我迷路了，我會有大麻煩的。
分析：主干是I'd been told that ．．．；that引導賓語從句；if 引導條件狀語從句。
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．The baby's mother escaped from the fire along with two other children (和其余兩個孩子)．
2．They forgot the time in the excitement of (在……的興奮中) exploration．
(八)仿寫句子
Driving a team of sled dogs is not as easy as it appears． (動名詞(短語)作主語)
仿寫：暴露在輻射下很危險。
Being exposed to radiation is dangerous．
課后課時作業(二)
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比40%)　拔高題(占比30%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·遼寧省新高考聯盟高二下階段測試)The French couple Katia and Maurice Krafft， shared an attraction to volcanoes， one that perhaps approached an addiction． There are many people interested in volcanoes， but very few who are willing to climb an erupting crater (火山口) and approach the flowing lava (巖漿)． Katia and Maurice did a lot of work， shooting photographs and films of volcano eruptions， always being the first on the scene of an active volcano， and the ones who fearlessly came to just a few feet from lava flows． They were not only highly respected by volcanologists all around the world， but also envied．
The couple met in the 1960s when they were both students at the University of Strasbourg， and got married in 1970． Both of them were attracted to volcanoes since childhood． Upon graduating， Katia and Maurice pursued their careers as volcano observers with no financial support at all， just their own savings， which they spent on a trip to Stromboli to observe the eruption of the volcano．
They took an incredible and valuable set of photographs of the near continuous eruption． People were curious about the photographs， while public officials working on threatening volcanoes found them useful． This interest in their work helped the French couple to establish a career in documenting eruptions． Now able to obtain financial support for their work， Katia and Maurice visited hundreds， if not thousands， of volcanoes around the globe． They traveled and recorded eruptions， always getting closer to the danger than anyone else．
In June 1991， along with 40 other people， the Kraffts set out to film the eruption at Mount Unzen in Japan． A sudden and unexpected flow took place and all the people in its path were killed． Later investigation revealed that Katia's and Maurice's bodies were closest to the volcano crater． They were 44 and 45 years old respectively．
In their 25 year long career， the couple documented hundreds of volcanoes， and their work consists of thousands of still photos， 300 hours of film materials， a number of books， and scientific articles published in Bulletin of Volcanology．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了法國火山科學家Katia Krafft (卡蒂亞·克拉夫特)和Maurice Krafft (莫里斯·克拉夫特)夫婦的火山探索故事。
1．When did the couple start their career as volcano observers
A．As children． B．While studying at college．
C．When leaving university． D．After getting married．
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Upon graduating ．．． of the volcano．”可知，夫婦二人大學一畢業就開始了他們的火山探索事業。故選C。
2．What is unique to the couple's photographs of volcanoes
A．They focused on threatening volcanoes．
B．They were taken with their own savings．
C．They recorded continuous eruption of volcanoes．
D．They took photos at a shorter distance from lava flows．
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“They traveled and recorded eruptions， always getting closer to the danger than anyone else．”可知，他們選擇了比其他人更接近火山口的地方拍攝火山照片，總是比其他人更接近危險，也讓他們的照片與眾不同。故選D。
3．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A．The couple didn't get prepared before setting out．
B．The couple had been married for 25 years before the accident．
C．The couple made a great fortune with what they shot．
D．The couple went ahead of the rest at the last minute．
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Later investigation revealed that Katia's and Maurice's bodies were closest to the volcano crater．”可推知，在生命的最后一刻，夫婦二人是離火山口最近的，這對夫婦在最后一刻走在了其他人的前面。故選D。
4．Which of the following can best describe the couple
A．Caring and demanding． B．Promising and optimistic．
C．Brave and devoted． D．Dynamic and calm．
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“They traveled and ．．． anyone else．”和最后一段內容可知，夫婦二人總是沖在離火山口最近的第一線，25年間獲取了大量的寶貴資料，由此可推知，他們是勇敢且敬業的。故選C。
B
(2024·河北省邯鄲市高二下期末)For some folks， hiking is an activity done for a couple of miles at a time． But for others， it is a lifestyle． Those who hike the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT) fall into the latter． The PCT is 2，650 miles． Along the way， hikers walk through the desert， up mountains and then cross seven national parks． It is a tough journey with a low completion rate． Just 14% of all hikers attempting a “thru hike” have succeeded in finishing the PCT．
The hike's reputation is what makes Pa'at's completion of the journey more extraordinary． The hiker known as Pa'at， an old man， finished the last bit of the PCT with two younger hikers， Auti and Chris． They celebrated Pa'at's success via an online post． They wrote， “Not many people can say they've finished such an amazing feat， especially not at 71！”
Pa'at approached the trail end marker and touched it， amazed that he had made it to the end． He said， “I know there were different troubles that I needed to overcome， but I had confidence in myself．”
For anyone who has ever dreamed of hiking the PCT， Pa'at's feat is proof that they aren't too late． “I've wanted to walk this trail for a long time，” someone posted online， “but now I know even if I don't get it in my twenties or thirties， I can still try again． Of course， I can challenge what I lacked courage to do in the past．”
Auti and Chris met Pa'at a few days before finishing． They said， “Pa'at is one of those people you instantly feel like you've known a lifetime． He has a heart of gold， the kindest soul， and unmatched optimism and courage． We both thank him for being such an inspiration to us．”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了71歲的Pa'at (帕特)徒步完成太平洋山脊步道的勵志故事。
5．How does the author begin the text
A．By quoting a saying． B．By giving an example．
C．By making an assumption． D．By drawing a comparison．
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的 “For some folks ．．． a lifestyle．(對一些人來說，徒步旅行是一項一次走幾英里的活動。但對其他人來說，這是一種生活方式。)”可推知，作者是通過對比開始本文的。故選D。
6．Which word can best describe Pa'at's finishing the PCT
A．Expected． B．Effortless．
C．Troublesome． D．Unbelievable．
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的 “Not many people can say they've finished such an amazing feat， especially not at 71！(沒有多少人能說他們完成了如此驚人的壯舉，尤其是在71歲的時候！)”可知，71歲的Pa'at成功徒步完成PCT，這令人難以置信。故選D。
7．What can we conclude from Paragraph 4
A．History is a guide．
B．Age is just a number．
C．Failure is the mother of success．
D．Time is a thief that never leaves empty handed．
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段中的 “For anyone who ．．． too late．”可推知，71歲的Pa'at的壯舉啟示人們，追尋自己的夢想什么時候都不晚，即年齡只是一個數字。故選B。
8．What kind of role is Pa'at in the eyes of Auti and Chris
A．A beginner． B．A stranger．
C．An example． D．An opponent
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“We both thank him for being such an inspiration to us．(我們都感謝他對我們的激勵。)”可推知，在Auti(奧綈)和Chris(克里斯)眼中，Pa'at是他們的榜樣。故選C。．
Ⅱ　讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·陜西省西安市高二下質量檢測)I begged my mom to let me make cookies by myself， even though I had never attempted baking before． I was nine years old and my friend Emmie had been baking cupcakes by herself for a year． I was determined to prove that I could make it．
My brother， Caleb， laughed at the idea of me cooking alone， calling it a disaster． Having a big brother can be annoying． Despite his laughing， my mom agreed to let me try． She reminded me to take my time and be careful because I'd had some messy spills before I was nine．
I raced to the kitchen and went to work． I cracked eggs and put a cold stick of butter into the bowl． I turned on the mixer at medium speed—and whoa． Whoa． Whoa! What a disaster! I had to wipe butter off my face， then off the table and floor．
Caleb made fun of me again， calling me a mess． I chased him away with a spoon and turned back to the mixing bowl． I started again with softer butter． Referring to the recipe， I poured everything needed into the bowl and mixed it． After that， I put round batter (面糊) onto the cookie sheet and put it into the oven． Within a minute， a fantastic smell filled the kitchen—the smell of cookie success!
I was going to prove that I was responsible． No more eye rolling from my brother． No more “You're too young” from my parents． I was grown up and in control．
I stared into the oven， and my heart sank． The neat， little balls had melted and overflowed to the edges of the cookie sheet． I pulled the pan out just as Caleb wandered back into the kitchen．
“What in the world？” He started to laugh． “Cookie soup？”
“You just be quiet，” I whispered， trying not to cry． “Just leave me alone．”
How's it going in there？” Dad called from the living room．
Caleb raised his eyebrows and bit his lip． I responded that everything was fine， pouring the melted batter into the bowl quickly．
注意：
1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。
I picked up the directions， wondering what had gone wrong．﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my parents．﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者想要自己做餅干，盡管以前從未嘗試過烘焙，但想到朋友Emmie (埃米)已經自己烤了一年的紙杯蛋糕，她決心要證明自己能做到，但作者最終失敗了。作者失敗的原因是什么？在作者的努力下，她成功了嗎？
[精彩范文]
I picked up the directions， wondering what had gone wrong． It was then that I realized I had forgotten to add the flour! The batter had been too runny， causing the cookies to spread out． I quickly mixed in the flour and spooned the batter onto a new cookie sheet． This time， I watched carefully as they rose and browned in the oven． The sweet smell filled the kitchen， and my heart beat with excitement． I couldn't wait to show my family what I had accomplished． Caleb sneaked in and raised his eyebrows， but this time， I just smiled confidently．
I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my parents． They looked surprised and delighted． “These are … yours？” Mom asked， taking a cautious bite． “They're … amazing！” She smiled， and Dad nodded in agreement． Caleb sat on the couch， a cookie in his hand， and his face betrayed a hint of pride． “I told you she could do it，” he said with a grin． I beamed， feeling a sense of accomplishment wash over me． I had proved myself， not just to my family but to myself． From that day on， no one doubted my baking skills again．
　精深閱讀
(2024·江蘇省南京市六校聯合體學校高二下校聯考)In the 1880s， long before she became her era's greatest female explorer， eight year old Harriet Chalmers traveled through the Sierra Nevada on horseback with her father． When she was 24， Chalmers married Franklin Pierce Adams， and they set off for Latin America， where they covered 40，000 miles on a horse， by boat and on foot． When they returned nearly three years later， she gave a lecture at National Geographic and started a 30 year career as a contributor．
Adams made it her mission to visit every country that was or had been a Spanish colony， and revisited the places where Christopher Columbus had stayed from Europe to the Americas． She traveled around Asia and attended Haile Selassie's Coronation (加冕禮) as the emperor of Ethiopia． During World War Ⅰ， she was the first female journalist allowed to photograph the French trenches (戰壕)， where she stayed for months．
She wrote 21 articles detailing her experiences for National Geographic， more than any other woman published in the magazine's first half century． In those pieces， she criticized the injustices that she had observed． “Where were the blessings the Europeans claimed they brought to millions of Latin Americans I could hardly find them，” she wrote after a visit to Peru． “What have they not suffered under the control of the Europeans？”
Adams had no professional training as a geographer and had never been to college， but her color photo slides and adventurous travel style won her invitations to speak around the world， often from the organizations that had never invited a woman before． She was the third American woman asked to join the Royal Geographical Society in England． However， the New York based Explorers Club gave her and other outstanding female adventurers the cold shoulder．
“Men have always been so afraid that some mere women might get into their discussion that they don't even permit women in their clubhouses，” Adams once said， “Let alone allow them to attend any meetings for discussions that might be significantly helpful．”
Several female explorers decided to form their own club． In 1925， the Society of Woman Geographers started with Adams as president， and she served until moving to France in 1933， where she died four years later at 61．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了女探險家和地理雜志撰稿人Harriet Chalmers Adams (哈麗特·查默斯·亞當斯)的生平。
1．What did Adams do during the first three years of her marriage
A．She traveled through the Sierra Nevada．
B．She explored Latin America with her husband．
C．She contributed regularly to National Geographic．
D．She learned horse riding under her husband's guidance．
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“When she was 24 ．．． a 30 year career as a contributor．”可知，她結婚的前三年和她丈夫一起去探索拉丁美洲。故選B。
2．What was Adams involved in during World War Ⅰ？
A．Taking photographs on the front line．
B．Traveling around European countries．
C．Fighting together with French soldiers．
D．Doing research on Christopher Columbus．
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“During World War Ⅰ ．．． where she stayed for months．”可知，一戰期間她去了前線拍照。故選A。
3．What was Adams' attitude to these Europeans in Paragraph 3
A．Positive． B．Carefree．
C．Grateful． D．Negative．
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，在她的文章中，她批評了她所看到的不公平現象，并對歐洲人殖民侵略拉丁美洲感到不滿，由此可推知，她對歐洲人持否定態度。故選D。
4．How did Explorers Club treat Adams
A．It refused her help coldly．
B．It paid no attention to her．
C．It invited her to join in their discussion．
D．It asked her to join the Royal Geographical Society．
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“However， the New York based Explorers Club gave her and other outstanding female adventurers the cold shoulder．”可知，探索者俱樂部故意冷落她。短語give sb the cold shoulder意為“給某人冷臉，故意冷落某人”。故選B。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．mission n． 使命，任務；職責
2．criticize v． 批評；批判；評論
3．claim v．& n． 聲稱，斷言
4．royal adj． 皇家的；盛大的
5．outstanding adj． 杰出的；優秀的
(二)高頻短語
6．set off for 動身去，出發去，啟程去
7．give a lecture 講授；講演
8．under the control of 在……控制下
9．let alone 更不用說
10．allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．You owe it to yourself to get some professional (profession) help．
2．He is known for his adventurous (adventure) spirit and love of travel．
3．The new policy has significantly (significant) improved the quality of life in the area．
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．Photographer Peter is a regular contributor to National Geographic．撰稿人
5．The era of digitalization has brought about many changes in our lives．時代
6．The society must address the injustices faced by disadvantaged groups．不公平
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
publish， attend， mere
1．Everywhere he went he was accompanied by a group of officials．attended
2．The latest employment figures will be announced tomorrow morning．published
3．The only difference is that one model has a touchscreen， while the other has a traditional keyboard．mere
(六)長難句分析
Adams had no professional training as a geographer and had never been to college， but her color photo slides and adventurous travel style won her invitations to speak around the world， often from the organizations that had never invited a woman before．
句意：亞當斯沒有接受過地理學方面的專業培訓，也從未上過大學，但她色彩豐富的幻燈片以及冒險的旅行風格贏得了世界各地的演講邀請，(演講邀請)經常來自那些以前從未邀請過女性的組織。
分析：主干是Adams had no professional training and had never been to college， but her ．．． won her invitations；第二個and連接兩個并列的名詞短語her color photo slides和adventurous travel style作主語；that引導定語從句，修飾organizations。
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．Let alone (更不用說……) cooking a fancy meal， I can't even boil water without burning it．
2．He is not allowed to (他不被允許) stay out late now．
(八)仿寫句子
When they returned nearly three years later， she gave a lecture at National Geographic and started a 30 year career as a contributor． (時間狀語從句)
仿寫：當我住在那里的時候，我常常在星期天去公園。
When I lived there， I used to go to the park on Sundays．
30(共150張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE
單元主題：人與自然——逆境與勇氣
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
自主學習 課文語篇
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業(一)
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課后課時作業(二)
6
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．wage n. ______
2．expedition n. _____________________
3．vigour [NAmE vigor] n. __________________
4．cupboard n. __________________
5．steward n. _____________________________________
6．stove n. _________________
7．blanket n. _____
8．banjo n. _____________
工資
探險；遠征；探險隊
精力；力量；活力
櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜
(輪船、飛機或火車上的)乘務員；服務員
爐具；廚房灶具
毯子
班卓琴(樂器)
9．voyage n．& vi. _____________
10．navy n. ________________
11．cosy [NAmE cozy] adj. _________________
12．good/bad tempered adj. _______________
航海；航行
海軍；海軍部隊
溫馨的；舒適的
脾氣好的/壞的
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．_________ n. 困境；逆境
2．_____ adj. 嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3．_______ adv.& prep. 上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)
4．______ vt. 分派；布置；分配
5．_____ n．& vt.羨慕；妒忌
6．_____ vt. 毀壞；壓壞；壓碎　n. 擁擠的人群
7．________ vt. 舍棄；拋棄；放棄
8．_________ adj. 痛苦的；令人難受的
adversity
bitter
aboard
assign
envy
crush
abandon
miserable
9．_______ adj. 相當不錯的；正派的；得體的
10．______ adj. 自私的
11．_______ vi.& vt. 決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)　n. 決心；堅定的信念
12．_____ n. (輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業團隊；一群人
decent
selfish
resolve
crew
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→_______ v. 忍耐；忍受
2．qualified adj. 符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)→_______ vi. 取得資格→____________ n. (通過考試或學習課程取得的)資格；學歷
3．enthusiastic adj. 熱情的；熱心的→___________ n. 熱情→__________ n. 熱忠于……的人；熱心者
4．belongings n. [pl.]財物；動產→________ vi. 屬于；應在(某處)
endure
qualify
qualification
enthusiasm
enthusiast
belong
5．genuine adj． 真正的；真誠的；可信賴的→_________ adv． 真正地；真誠地
6．perseverance n． 毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→_________ vi． 堅持；孜孜以求
genuinely
persevere
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
sink 熟義：vi．_________________
vt．________________
生義：vt． 使失敗；使受挫；阻撓　vi． 降低，減少；倒下，坐下　n． 洗碗槽；水槽
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達
____________ 拒絕(某人)
沉沒；下沉；下降
使下沉；使沉沒
turn sb down
自主學習 課文語篇
Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914． Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and1 it2 was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions． Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries．3
課文三維剖析
1 連接兩個并列分句
2 it是形式主語，不定式短語______________________
是真正的主語，a great honour是it的主語補足語
3______提前引起的全部倒裝句
A SUCCESSFUL FAILURE
一次成功的失敗
to be part of his expeditions
表語
珀西·布萊克博羅于1914年加入歐內斯特·沙克爾頓爵士的“堅忍”號南極探險之旅。 沙克爾頓是那個時代最負盛名的探險家之一，參加他的探險活動被視為極大的榮耀。以下是布萊克博羅的幾篇日記摘錄。
31 Oct 1914
1914年10月31日
4 it為形式主語，后面的that引導的主語從句為真正的主語
... Well， it4 so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition　
……好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧買了份報紙，看到了這則有關南極探險的招募廣告。
5 引導______從句
6 __________________(時態)，其構成為“have/has been＋現在分詞”
7 引導__________從句
8 引導__________從句
9 省略了引導詞_____的______從句
10 引導_________從句
An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that5 I have been dreaming of6． And I was ready for it． At the age of 19， I am fit and full of vigour． However， when7 I applied to join the expedition， Shackleton turned me down because8 he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified9． But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that10 I secretly went
定語
現在完成進行時
時間狀語
原因狀語
that
賓語
結果狀語
11 連接兩個并列結構__________
___________________________
_______________
　 　　　　　　　went aboard
his ship， the Endurance和hid in
a small cupboard
aboard his ship， the Endurance， and11 hid in a small cupboard． Unfortunately， three days after we set off I was discovered． Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job， but only after he promised me， “If anyone has to be eaten， then you will be the first！” He assigned me to be a steward， and I now serve meals for twenty eight men， three times a day．
跟隨偉大的歐內斯特·沙克爾頓爵士前往南極探險——這可是我夢寐以求的冒險之旅啊。而且，我萬事俱備。我今年19歲，身體健康，精力充沛。然而，當我申請參加這次探險時，沙克爾頓卻拒絕了我，因為他認為我太年輕，不具備資格。但是，滿懷著想要與他們同赴南極的熱情，我偷偷地爬上了他的“堅忍”號輪船，躲在一個小櫥柜里。不幸的是，在我們出發三天后，我被發現了。沙克爾頓不想掉頭，于是他給了我一份工作，但他要我答應他：“如果有人得被吃掉，那么你就是第一個！”他指派我擔任服務員，我現在為28名船員供應一日三餐。
12 引導________
13 引導_________從句
14 I have been to是省略了引導詞__________的_______從句，修飾先行詞the amazing places
How12 everyone will envy me when13 I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to14!
等我回來，當我告訴每個人我去過的那些神奇地方，大家該會多么羨慕我啊！
21 Nov 1915
1915年11月21日
感嘆句
時間狀語
that/which
定語
15 引導__________從句， become stuck in意為“被卡住，被困于”
16 連接兩個并列分句
17 引導__________從句
The journey has not been easy． Endurance became stuck in the ice as15 we approached Antarctica．The ice froze around us and16 we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice． And when17 the ship sank， our hearts sank with it．
時間狀語
時間狀語
這趟旅程并不輕松。在我們靠近南極時，“堅忍”號卡在了冰里。冰把我們周圍都凍住了，我們徹底被卡住了！我們眼睜睜看著輪船被冰擠毀。船沉了，我們的心也跟著下沉。
18 引導__________從句
19 the small boats … and blankets是supplies的________
Before18 we abandoned the ship， Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats， our food， the cook stove， candles， clothes， and blankets19． This was no time to panic． We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings， and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold． But to our surprise， he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo． Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up．
時間狀語
同位語
在我們棄船之前，沙克爾頓鎮定地把大家召集在一起，告訴我們要搶救最需要的供給品——小船、食物、炊具、蠟燭、衣服和毛毯。這不是驚慌失措的時候。我們絕大部分的個人物品都被禁止攜帶，沙克爾頓自己則扔掉了他所有的黃金。然而，令我們驚訝的是，他允許赫西帶上他的班卓琴。赫西經常會彈奏班卓琴，以振奮我們的精神。
20 連接兩個并列分句________
_______________和__________
___________
We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive， but20 spring is coming， and the ice will soon begin to melt．
　　　　　　　　　We are
now camped …
　　　　　　　　　spring is
coming …
現在，我們在冰層上扎營，一直在設法生存下來，但是，春天就要來了，冰層很快就會融化。
20 May 1916
1916年5月20日
21 引導___________從句
22 too … (for sb) to do… 意為“_____________________________________”
23 引導__________從句
We have been struggling for days， but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse． We are now crowded together under one of our boats on the rocky shore of this miserable place． Soon after21 we arrived， Shackleton left us to find help on South Georgia Island， 1，320 kilometres away—the voyage was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in our small boats22． If23 Shackleton fails， will we have any hope of rescue No． No navy in the world ever stops at Elephant Island， and no one else knows that we are here．
時間狀語
　太……以至于(對某人來說)
不能做某事
條件狀語
我們已苦苦掙扎多日，但是象島上的情況越來越糟糕。現在，在這個悲慘之地的巖石海岸，我們擠在一艘小船下。我們來到此處不久之后，沙克爾頓就離開我們，前往1，320公里之外的南喬治亞島尋求幫助——這一航行對于我們所有人而言太危險、太艱難了，乘坐小船，肯定無法每個人都到達。如果沙克爾頓失敗了，我們還有任何獲救的希望嗎？沒有。全世界沒有海軍會停靠象島，也沒有其他人知道我們在這里。
24 動詞不定式短語作______
I feel low． It's cold and windy． The island has no plants． Sometimes we are able to catch a seal or a penguin to eat． Otherwise， there is no food． I try to think of happier things24: decent food，warm and dry clothes， a cosy bedroom， sunny days， and my mother's face … However， these happy memories are soon interrupted by a sudden cold rush of air．
賓語
我感到十分沮喪。天冷風大。島上沒有任何植物，有時我們能抓到一只海豹或企鵝來充饑。除此以外，沒有任何食物。我試著去想讓人開心的事情：美味的食物、暖和的干衣服、舒適的臥房、晴朗的天氣，還有媽媽的臉龐……然而，這些快樂的回憶很快被突然涌進的一股冷空氣打斷。
25 祈使句
26 倒裝句
I shouted， “Shut the door！”
我吼道：“把門關上！”
“Hold on now， Perce． Don't you go turning into another Tom25，” came the reply26． “We've caught another penguin， so it's penguin soup tonight！”
傳來一聲回答：“要堅持住啊，珀西。你可不要變成另一個湯姆。”“我們又抓到了一只企鵝，今晚有企鵝湯喝了！”
27 Frank Wild的同位語
28 引導_________
Bless Frank Wild， the kindest man there27 is after our leader， Ernest Shackleton． How28 could I become as selfish and bad tempered as Thomas Orde Lees!
感嘆句
上帝保佑弗蘭克·懷爾德，他是除了我們的領隊歐內斯特·沙克爾頓之外最和藹可親的人。我怎么可以變得像托馬斯·奧德里斯那樣自私和脾氣暴躁呢！
29 相當于一個__________從句
30 表示與現在事實相反的假設
Without Frank and Ernest29， we’d all be dead by now30． Their genuine concern for others， their perseverance， and their resolve fill me with hope．
條件狀語
要不是有弗蘭克和歐內斯特，我們到現在早就沒命了。他們對別人的真心關懷、他們的鍥而不舍以及堅定的信念，讓我充滿希望。
31同位語從句，解釋說明chance
Perhaps there is a chance we will return home31， after all．
畢竟，我們也許還有機會回家。
(一)填空并匹配
1．The author joined the ___________________and became a crew member on Endurance．( )
2．Shackleton and his crew __________ the ship Endurance．( )
3．The crew members' life on _____________．( )
A．Diary 2：1915．11．21
B．Diary 3：1916．5．20
C．Diary 1：1914．10．31
閱讀領悟
C
A
答案
B
Endurance expedition
abandoned
Elephant Island
(二)排序
____ It's a expedition I have been dreaming of， so I applied to join the expedition．
____ I bought a newspaper and read an advertisement about the Antarctic expedition．
____ Later， I secretly went aboard the ship and hid in a small cupboard．
____ Unfortunately， I was discovered． Shackleton didn't turn me back but assigned me to be a steward．
____ Because Shackleton thought I was too young to be qualified， so I was turned down， but I was still enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them．
2
1
答案
4
5
3
(三)問題鏈
1．How did the author manage to be a crew member of the ship Endurance
______________________________________________
2．Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his banjo
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3．How did Blackborow feel when Endurance sank
___________________________
He went aboard the ship and hid in a small cupboard．
　　 Playing the banjo could keep the members up while waiting for rescue in the
desperate situation．
答案
Worried， terrified and panic．
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
1．assign vt． 分派；布置；分配；委派，派遣(教材P38)
assignment n． 分配，布置；工作，任務；作業
assign sb sth＝assign sth to sb 把某物/工作/任務分配/分派/布置給某人
assign sb to (do) sth 指派某人(做)某事
assign sb as sth 指派某人任某一職務
①I have a lot of reading assignments to complete before the end of term．
學期結束前我有很多閱讀作業要完成。
②The teacher assigned each of the children a different task．
＝The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children．
老師給每個孩子布置了不同的任務。
③The forces have been assigned to help with peacekeeping．
軍隊被派遣協助維持和平。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Our teacher assigned him ___ a leader in the math class．
②As those ____________ (assign) had been done， he went on to search the Internet．
③My brother graduated from a university and was assigned _________ (work) at a research institute．
【學會表達】完成句子
④史密斯先生決定把這項重要的任務分配給有強烈責任感的人。
Mr Smith decided to ________________________ whoever had a strong sense of responsibility．
as
assignments
to work
assign the important task to
2．envy n．& vt． 羨慕；妒忌(教材P38)
envious adj． 羨慕的；妒忌的
enviously adv． 羨慕地；妒忌地
with envy 羨慕地；妒忌地
out of envy 出于羨慕/妒忌
be/become the envy of ．．． 成為……羨慕(或妒忌)的對象
be green with envy 非常嫉妒
envy sb (doing) sth 羨慕/妒忌某人(做)某事
be envious of 羨慕/妒忌……
①I was looking enviously at your plate，wishing I'd had the fish．
我羨慕地看著你的盤子，真希望我有魚吃。
②I watched with envy as she set off for the airport．
我羨慕地看著她動身去機場。(心理描寫)
③Their economy is the envy of the developing world．
他們的經濟令發展中國家羨慕。
④She could see that all the other girls were green with envy．
她看得出來，其他女孩都妒忌得要命。
⑤He envied Caroline her peace．
他羨慕卡羅琳的平和。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①If you have no selfish motives，you will not be suspicious and _________(envy) of others．
②Our mobile payment has become the envy ____ other countries．
③Mark and his brother both looked __________ (envy) at the shinning computer．
【學會表達】翻譯
④我羨慕你有這么一個親密的家庭。
__________________________________
⑤出于妒忌，她用咖啡把畫給毀了。
____________________________________________
envious
of
enviously
I envy you having such a close family．
Out of envy， she ruined the painting with coffee．
3．abandon vt． 舍棄；拋棄；放棄；陷入，沉湎于　n． 放任，放縱(教材P38)
abandoned adj． 被離棄的；被遺棄的；被拋棄的
abandon doing sth 放棄做某事
abandon oneself to 陷于；沉溺于
with abandon 盡情地；放縱地
①Logic had prevailed and he had abandoned the idea．
理性占了上風，他放棄了該想法。
②An abandoned baby was found in a box on the hospital steps．
在醫院臺階上的一個箱子里發現了一個棄嬰。
③He abandoned himself to despair．
他陷入絕望中。
④The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon．
姑娘們跳上跳下，盡情地揮舞著手臂。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Children feel ___________ (abandon) and rejected if they don't see their parents regularly．
②He abandoned ________ (study) abroad owing to his mother's illness．
③Abandoning himself ___ sorrow， Steven just couldn't help crying．
【學會表達】翻譯
④這個男孩從小就被父母遺棄，然而在生活中遇到困難時，他并沒有陷入絕望。
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
abandoned
studying
to
The boy was abandoned by his parents when he was a baby; however， he doesn't
abandon himself to despair when meeting trouble in life．
4．resolve vi．& vt． 決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)　n． 決心；堅定的信念(教材P39)
resolution n． 決議；解決；堅定；決心；決定
resolve to do sth 決心/決定去做某事
resolve (that) ... 決定……
resolve on sth/doing sth 決心/決定(做)某事
resolve against 決定不；堅決反對
make a resolution 做出決定；下決心
①She resolved to report the matter to the hospital's nursing manager．
她決定把這件事匯報給醫院的護士長。
②Mary resolved that she would keep the secret．
瑪麗決定保守這個秘密。
③We had resolved on making an early start．
我們決定早點出發。
④After hours of argument， they resolved against taking legal action．
經過幾個小時的爭論，他們決定不采取法律行動。
⑤She made a resolution to visit her relatives more often．
她決定要多拜訪她的親戚。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①We have resolved ___ promoting education in underdeveloped areas．
②There's some question as to whether he will sign this _________ (resolve)．
③Influenced by my deskmate， I resolved ___________ (improve) my spoken English．
【學會表達】完成句子
④該做的就下決心去做，決心做的務必做好。(主旨升華)
_________________________________; perform without fail what you resolve．
⑤在她生病期間，她決定不熬夜。
During her illness， ______________________________．
on
resolution
to improve
Resolve to perform what you ought
she resolved against staying up late
5．qualified adj． 符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學歷等)→_________ vi． 取得資格→____________ n． (通過考試或學習課程取得的)資格；學歷
Some nursing experience is a necessary qualification for this job and she qualified as a nurse last year．
有護理經驗是做這項工作的必要條件，她去年取得了護士資格。
qualify
qualification
The enthusiasts for environmental protection are planting trees with great enthusiasm， which makes us more enthusiastic about environment protection．
環保熱心人士植樹造林的熱情高漲，讓我們的環保熱情更加高漲。
6．enthusiastic adj． 熱情的；熱心的→__________ n． 熱情→__________ n． 熱衷于……的人；熱心者
enthusiasm
enthusiast
Although she's new to the school， we'd like her to feel that she belongs to here and we should not touch the personal belongings．
雖然她是新來的，但我們希望她能感覺到她是屬于這里的，而且我們不應該碰她的私人物品。
7．belongings n． [pl．]財物；動產→________ vi． 屬于；應在(某處)
belong
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I put a few personal ___________ (belong) in a bag and left the house for the last time．
②You don't seem very ___________ (enthusiasm) about the party—don't you want to go tonight
【學會表達】翻譯
③他非常勝任這項工作，但他確實缺乏個性。
_____________________________________________________
belongings
enthusiastic
He is well qualified for the job， but he does lack personality．
8 sink
[熟義]vi． 沉沒；下沉；下降　vt． 使下沉；使沉沒
[生義]vt． ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿__　vi． ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿___　n．______________
使失敗；使受挫；阻撓
降低，減少；倒下，坐下
洗碗槽；水槽
①The sun set and we watched as the shadows sank deeper into the valley．
夕陽西下，我們注視著陰影逐漸沉入山谷之中。
②I think I've just sunk my chances of getting the job．
我想，我已經葬送了得到那份工作的機會。
③His voice sank to a whisper．
他的聲音逐漸小得成了耳語。
④Don't just leave your dirty plates in the sink!
別把臟盤子往洗碗槽里一放就不管了！
【學會運用】同義詞替換
①The sun sunk below the horizon．____
【學會表達】翻譯
②她的父親癱坐在椅子上，不知道下一步該怎么辦。
___________________________________________________
set
Her father sank into the chair， not knowing how to do next．
探究一　熱詞
9．turn sb down 拒絕(某人)(教材P38)
turn其他相關短語：
turn down 拒絕；調低(音量等)
turn up 偶然出現；露面；調高(音量等)
turn on 接通；打開
turn off 關掉；離開；對……失去興趣
turn out 結果是，證明是
turn to 向……求助；轉向，致力于；開始做某事
turn in 上交；交還
①I'm not going to turn down an invitation to go to New York!
我不會拒絕去紐約的邀請的！
②I wish I knew how to turn on the heating．
要是我知道如何打開暖氣裝置就好了。
③No one could have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way．
誰都沒有預料到事情的結果會這樣。
④In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to．
在危難關頭我知道我能投靠哪些朋友。
⑤If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date， it will earn a zero．
如果它在截止日期后的第4天還沒有上交，將獲得零分。(通知要求)
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Franklin did not turn ___ until well after midnight．
②We should never forget to turn ____ the lights when we leave the classrooms．
③For her medical costs， the family chose to turn ___ charity．
④I was positive that things were going to turn ____ fine．
【學會表達】翻譯
⑤我喜歡接受挑戰做別人拒絕做的工作。
__________________________________________________
up
off
to
out
I enjoy the challenge of doing jobs that others turn down．
對點練習 鞏固所學
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1．_________ n． 忍耐力；耐久力
2．______ vt． 分派；布置；分配
3．_____ n．& vt． 羨慕；妒忌
4．__________ adj． 熱情的；熱心的
5．_________ adj． 痛苦的；令人難受的
6．____________ 拒絕(某人)
endurance
assign
envy
enthusiastic
miserable
turn sb down
7．_________ 上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)
8．_____________________ 困住
9．____________ 在……歲時
10．________ 成功做某事
go aboard
become/be/get stuck in
at the age of
make it
(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1．Far off to the west the sun was sinking．_____
2．My belongings were scattered all over the room after the move．___________
______
3．His genuine smile warmed my heart on a cold winter day．________
4．With new year's resolution， I'm determined to improve my English speaking skills．______
5．The bitter taste of lemon reminded her of her childhood in the countryside．
_______
下沉
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　財物，個人
物品
真誠的
決心
苦澀的
維度二　語境運用
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．He showed remarkable __________(endure) throughout his illness．
2．He abandoned himself ___ his sadness．
3．The Supreme Council resolved ___________ (resume) control over the national press．
4．The teacher assigned a difficult math ___________ (assign) for the weekend．
5．She was very ___________ (enthusiasm) about the project and offered to help whenever possible．
endurance
to
to resume
assignment
enthusiastic
(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
1．The committee finally came to a decision after three hour discussion．________
2．Once you have put your hand to an undertaking， you should insist until you have finished it．__________
3．I slept very soundly—the bed was really comfortable．_____
4．She deserted her family and moved to a new city without a word of explanation．__________
5．Despite the difficulties she faced， she never gave up on her dream．________
resolution
persevere， adversity， cosy， resolve， abandon
persevere
cosy
abandoned
adversities
維度三　能力提升
(五)長難句分析
(2024·新課標Ⅰ卷)According to this theory， people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media， which are often not so serious， and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print．
句意：根據這一理論，人們對待數字文本的態度與對待社交媒體的態度相當，社交媒體通常不那么嚴肅，相比紙質閱讀，人們投入的腦力要少。
分析：句子主干是people approach digital texts … and devote …。suited to social media作__________，修飾mindset，which引導_______________從句，解釋說明先行詞social media， and連接并列結構_________________________________________
____________________。
后置定語
非限制性定語
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　approach digital texts … not so serious和devote less mental ... reading print
(六)句型轉換
1．The professor， along with his two students， is seated in the studio receiving the interview now．(改寫為完全倒裝)
→_______________________________， along with his two students， receiving the interview now．
2．The girl was so frightened that she could hardly move as a car out of control was coming towards her quickly．(改寫為too … to … 結構)
→______________________________ as a car out of control was coming towards her quickly．
Seated in the studio is the professor
The girl was too frightened to move
維度四　素養提升
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．She __________________ (表示對……的關心) the welfare of the animals in the shelter．
2．We should learn how to _______________________ (謝絕別人的邀約) politely．
3．I _____________________ (一直在夢想著) visiting China for years， and finally I have the opportunity to make my dream come true．
showed concern for
turn down others' invitation
have been dreaming of
(八)翻譯
1．很多醫生和護士夜以繼日地工作了幾周了。(現在完成進行時)
_______________________________________________________________
2．當我正在做一個重要項目的時候，碰巧突然停電了。(It happened that …)
___________________________________________________________________
________
Dozens of doctors and nurses have been working day and night for weeks．
　　It happened that the power suddenly went out when I was working on an important
project．
課后課時作業（一）
　　　較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·廣東省廣州市高二下期中)A 23 year old woman has achieved an unbelievable feat that many of us dream of—visiting every country on Earth．
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Lexie Alford was born into a family of travel agents， which gave her the opportunity to __1__ places such as Cambodia， Dubai and Egypt during her childhood， according to Forbes magazine． She began saving up at age 12 to __2__ her goal of visiting all countries． By her 18th birthday， she had travelled to 72 nations． In October， she realized she could see the __3__ nations on her list in time to set an official record． Many people __4__ her travel on social media platform Instagram， so she decided to chase the world record partly to __5__ others． “Honestly， in the beginning， I __6__ wanted to push the limits of what I thought I could do with my life and see as much of the world as possible in the __7__，” she told Forbes． “It wasn't until things started getting really __8__ that I realized I was inspiring people around me， especially the __9__．”
“I also loved visiting Northern Pakistan， for the natural beauty of the mountains and __10__ of the locals were astonishing，” Ms Alford said． “The most pleasant __11__ about travelling to all these misunderstood areas of the world was that the countries that I had the least expectation for __12__ being the most incredible．”
“My __13__ for young people is to believe that you can do anything you set your mind to do． You have to make __14__ to travel around the world but if it's something that's genuinely __15__ to you， it's only a matter of time until you can make it a reality．”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了一名23歲的女子Lexie Alford (萊克茜·奧爾福德)完成了一件令人難以置信的事情——訪問地球上的每個國家，她的舉動激勵著無數年輕人。
篇章導讀
1．A．report B．settle
C．tour D．love
2．A．fund B．conceive
C．switch D．set
解析：根據上文“many of us dream of—visiting every country on Earth”可知，此處指Lexie Alford有機會到這些國家旅行。故選C。
答案
解析
解析：根據上文“She began saving up at age 12”可知，她開始攢錢是為她訪問所有國家的目標提供資金。故選A。
3．A．powerful B．remote
C．developed D．remaining
4．A．ranked B．overlooked
C．followed D．criticized
解析：根據上文“By her 18th birthday， she had travelled to 72 nations．”可知，她還要去看剩余的、沒有去過的國家。故選D。
答案
解析
解析：根據下文“social media platform Instagram”可知，許多人在社交平臺Instagram上關注她的旅行。故選C。
5．A．inspire B．please
C．understand D．accompany
6．A．occasionally B．simply
C．completely D．temporarily
解析：根據上文“Many people __4__ her travel on social media platform Instagram”可推知，她想要去爭取世界紀錄的部分原因就是想通過這件事激勵他人。故選A。
答案
解析
解析：根據時間狀語“in the beginning”和上文可知，最開始她僅僅是想挑戰自己的極限，盡可能地多看看世界上的國家。故選B。
7．A．platform B．agency
C．process D．country
8．A．dull B．official
C．natural D．challenging
解析：根據上文“see as much of the world as possible”可知，此處指在(旅行)過程中盡可能多看看世界(上的國家)。故選C。
答案
解析
解析：根據下文“I realized I was inspiring people around me”可知，Lexie Alford所從事的事情具有挑戰性，激勵著身邊的人。故選D。
9．A．adults B．youth
C．bosses D．agents
10．A．kindness B．situation
C．ignorance D．status
解析：根據下文“My __13__ for young people”可知，Lexie Alford環游世界這件事正激勵著身邊的人，尤其是年輕人。故選B。
答案
解析
解析：根據上文“I also loved visiting … of the mountains”可知，此處指當地人的善良讓她很驚訝。故選A。
11．A．memory B．surprise
C．lesson D．effect
12．A．started with B．met with
C．ended up D．turned back
解析：根據下文“travelling to all … the most incredible”可知，此處指Lexie Alford發現被人誤解的地區并非人們所說的那樣，這給了她驚喜。故選B。
答案
解析
解析：根據上文“all these misunderstood ... the least expectation for”和下文“being the most incredible”可知，Lexie Alford最開始不帶著任何期待，但最終發現這些國家是最不可思議的。end up doing sth意為“最終做某事”，為固定短語。故選C。
13．A．advice B．compromise
C．belief D．comment
14．A．plans B．decision
C．devotion D．sacrifices
解析：根據下文“you can do anything you set your mind to do”可知，這是Lexie Alford給年輕人的建議。故選A。
答案
解析
解析：此處指如果你想環游世界，你就必須要做出犧牲。固定短語make sacrifices意為“做出犧牲”。故選D。
15．A．incredible B．impossible
C．important D．impressive
解析：根據下文“it's only a matter of time until you can make it a reality”可知，此處指如果某事對你來說真的很重要，那么遲早你會通過努力完成它。故選C。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　閱讀
(2024·福建省泉州中遠學校高二下質量檢測)Sadaf's childhood was happy． She enjoyed going to school and meeting her friends． But one day， she returned home running a high temperature．
“We thought it was regular flu． But we were told that I would not be able to walk ever again now，” she recalls．
Sadaf was just 10 years old then． After the family was turned down by doctors in Kashmir， they went to Mumbai， where an operation was performed to treat her legs． But eventually， Sadaf had to rely on a wheelchair to move around． By this time， she had to discontinue her education．
Things worsened when her father， her “only source of support”， passed away． “Everyone except my father doubted my capabilities． But he always encouraged me to dream big． I missed him．”
“There were days when I would end up crying all day， sitting alone in my room． I was getting into depression，” she says．
“By now， I've realized that I have to either end my life or struggle to prove myself． I chose the latter． I wanted to prove to the world that people like me can also achieve something． I had just lost my ability to walk， not my ability to use my brain，” she adds．
That is why Sadaf decided to step up for herself． In 2015， she opened a shop but had to shut it a couple of years later as the work affected her eyesight． She says， “But I wanted to try my hands at everything． So I decided to play basketball as well． I have also been awarded multiple times by the Jammu and Kashmir Basketball Association．”
Recently， Sadaf tried selling unique spices of the Kashmir valley． “Today， I have established my own business without anyone's emotional or financial support． People would question me what I could achieve sitting in a wheelchair， when their educated and able bodied children sat idly (閑散地)． Now the very same people give my example to others，” she says．
Sadaf believes that people with disabilities should never doubt themselves． “If you hear others say something not so positive， you may end up depressed． Instead of living within the confines (限制) of a room， try to prove yourself，” she advises．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了殘疾人Sadaf (薩達夫)不顧他人的質疑用行動證明自己的勵志故事。
篇章導讀
1．What did Sadaf lose after her father's death
A．Walking ability． B．Financial support．
C．Spiritual backing． D．Precious eyesight．
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Things worsened when … to dream big．”可知，Sadaf的父親是她唯一的支柱，支持鼓勵她追求遠大夢想，因此父親的去世讓她失去了精神支柱。故選C。
答案
解析
2．Why did Sadaf try basketball
A．To build up her body． B．To prove herself．
C．To win awards． D．To pursue her dream．
解析：細節理解題。根據第六段中的“By now ... prove myself．”以及第七段中的“But I wanted ... play basketball as well．”可知，Sadaf打籃球是為了證明自己。故選B。
答案
解析
3．Which of the following can best describe Sadaf
A．Talented but inflexible． B．Disabled but learned．
C．Independent and honest． D．Determined and capable．
解析：推理判斷題。根據第六段中的“I wanted ... use my brain (我想向世界證明，像我這樣的人也能有所成就。我只是失去了走路的能力，而不是失去了思考的能力)”和第七段中的“But I wanted … play basketball as well．”以及最后一段中的“Sadaf believes … doubt themselves．”可推知，Sadaf雖然殘疾，但是她開店、打籃球、做生意，說明她非常能干，而且在別人的質疑中勇敢地證明自己的能力，說明她是意志堅定的。故選D。
答案
解析
4．What message can we get from Sadaf's story
A．A fine example has limitless power．
B．Do not let your disability rule you．
C．Encouragement is the source of power．
D．Do not put all your eggs in one basket．
解析：推理判斷題。根據Sadaf 的故事以及最后一段中的“If you hear … try to prove yourself (如果你聽到別人說一些不太積極的話，你可能會感到沮喪。與其蝸居一室，不如試著證明自己)”可推知，她建議人們要去證明自己的能力，而不要讓殘疾限制自己。故選B。
答案
解析
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·山東省青島市高二下月考)“Look on the bright side” is one of those __1__ (suggest) that people always consider inspiring but less helpful． However， new research shows that finding something of interest in a terrible situation makes __2__ easy for people to stop complaining． Besides， looking at a challenge with humor is a good method， __3__ may even be helpful in preventing anxious people __4__ feeling sad．
In a study published much __5__ (early)， researchers gave the participants (參與者) some photos that show negative (負面的) situations． Then they would describe these __6__(photo)according to the request of researchers． Those using humorous words to describe the pictures were found to have fewer negative emotions and more possibilities to go through a hard time in __7__ (they) life than those who described the photos __8__ (direct)．
So there appear to be no disadvantages to looking at difficult things in your life with humor and lightness． The conclusion from the study is that for those at higher risk of anxiety， humor can develop an ability __9__ (control) negative emotions． What's more， making others around you smile can be an extra benefit of humor． Therefore， when you feel stressed and couldn't concentrate your mind on what you __10__ (do)all along， find something that can make you laugh first．
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________
6．________　7．________　8．________ 9．________　10．________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了從消極的情況中看到積極的一面實際上是有用的，一項研究表明，幽默地看待挑戰可能有助于防止焦慮的人感到悲傷，也有利于培養控制負面情緒的能力。
篇章導讀
1．答案：suggestions
解析：考查詞性轉換。根據設空前的those可知，應用名詞復數。故填suggestions。
答案
解析
2．答案：it
解析：考查固定句型。固定句型“make it＋形容詞＋for sb＋to do sth”，意為“讓做某事對于某人來說是……的”，設空處應用it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是不定式短語。故填it。
3．答案：which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導非限制性定語從句，對先行詞method進行解釋說明，從句缺少主語，應用關系代詞which引導。故填which。
答案
解析
4．答案：from
解析：考查介詞。prevent sb from doing sth意為“防止某人做某事”。故填from。
5．答案：earlier
解析：考查副詞的比較級。根據設空前的much可知，應用early的比較級。故填earlier。
答案
解析
6．答案：photos
解析：考查名詞。these后應用復數，photo為可數名詞。故填photos。
7．答案：their
解析：考查代詞。修飾名詞life，應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their。
答案
解析
8．答案：directly
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處應用副詞修飾動詞described。故填directly。
9．答案：to control
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處應用不定式作后置定語，表示“控制負面情緒的能力”。故填to control。
答案
解析
10．答案：have been doing
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據設空后的all along可知，此處指集中精力于一直在做的事情，應用現在完成進行時，主語為you。故填have been doing。
(2024·上海市青浦高級中學高二下階段性檢測)As the Alaskan sky gradually turned dark blue， the commands to my sled dog team broke the silence． I threw a glance over my shoulder as I thundered down the frozen waterway in the sub zero temperatures． Where was Mike， my guide I wondered if he realized I was miles away．
精深閱讀
While out exploring in the early evening， my lead dog smelled something it couldn’t resist． Regardless of my instructions， it instinctively wheeled around and led all the other dogs in the opposite direction at full speed． In my conversations with Mike over the past few days， I’d been told that if I got lost， I would be in big trouble． There weren’t any supplies for me—no extra clothing or shelter， not to mention the firestarter， and we had seen wolf tracks regularly．
It was March， the end of the Alaskan winter． A long journey from Australia had brought me to Yukon， Alaska． My hosts' log cabin was the starting point for my 10 day adventure． Wayne and Scarlett， my hosts， lived a sustainable life． They hunted， fished， and gathered food while consciously minimizing their carbon footprint． Having enjoyed many years of exploring the Alaskan wilderness， the couple chose to help adventurers to experience the same lifestyle．
Driving a team of sled dogs is not as easy as it appears． I'd imagined it would be a very relaxing experience， in which I would ride along with a pleasant smile while gazing at the passing landscape． In reality it turned out much tougher． You must predict where your dogs would go and how the surface ahead might change．
During the journey， we stayed in a different place every night， and took care of our dog teams． These dogs can guarantee our safety and help us escape dangerous situations， so their health and well being always rank first． After we settled， we started collecting snow for water and cutting firewood．
Luckily， I didn't end up in the fangs (尖牙) of wolves． Mike found me sometime later． Our dog teams， in the excitement of being reunited， headed straight for each other and got tangled up in the ropes． There's never a boring moment．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在阿拉斯加進行的雪橇狗隊冒險旅行的故事。
篇章導讀
1．Why did the writer get lost
A．The lead dog was misled by other dogs．
B．The lead dog followed wrong commands．
C．The lead dog was attracted by an irresistible smell．
D．The lead dog failed to determine the direction in darkness．
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“While out exploring in the early evening ... the opposite direction at full speed．”可知，作者迷路的原因是領頭狗聞到了一種無法抗拒的味道后不顧作者的指令，朝著相反的方向前行。故選C。
答案
解析
2．Which of the following can best describe a real dog sled ride
A．Dull． B．Exhausting．
C．Comfortable． D．Entertaining．
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段中的“I'd imagined it … much tougher．”以及倒數第二段“During the journey ... cutting firewood．”可知，作者本以為雪橇狗隊冒險旅行是非常放松的，但實際上卻是非常困難的，在旅途中，每晚都住在不同的地方，照顧狗隊，安頓下來后，還需要撿雪取水、砍柴。由此推知，雪橇狗隊冒險旅行是非常令人疲憊的。故選B。
答案
解析
3．What do we know about the life in Alaska
A．Locals live on tourism．
B．Fire comes first in exploration．
C．Wolves live in peace with humans．
D．Dog sled teams deserve priority care．
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“These dogs can guarantee … well being always rank first．”可知，雪橇狗隊應該得到優先照顧。故選D。
答案
解析
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The Alaskan lifestyle． B．The tourism in Alaska．
C．An adventure in wilderness． D．An appreciation of nature．
解析：主旨大意題。文章介紹了作者在阿拉斯加荒野進行的雪橇狗隊冒險旅行的故事。在夜幕降臨時，作者迷路了，并且沒有足夠的物資來生存。幸運的是，他的向導最終找到了他們。C項(荒野冒險。)概括文章的主要內容。故選C。
答案
解析
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．__________ n． 命令；指令　v． 命令；控制；指揮
2．_______ n． 儲備；生活必需品　v． 供應，提供
3．________ n． 避難所；收容所，庇護所
4．_________ n． 冒險；奇遇；冒險經歷
5．minimize vt．____________________________
command
supply
shelter
adventure
使減少到最低限度；使最小化
(二)高頻短語
6．__________________ 朝……瞥了一眼
7．_______ 盯住；凝視
8．________ 實際上；事實上
9．_______ 最終成為；最后落得
10．get tangled up_____________
throw a glance over
gaze at
in reality
end up
糾纏在一起
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．We watched their ship moving _________ (gradual) farther away．
2．Follow the ___________ (instruct) below to download and install the patch．
3．He is ____________ (conscious) trying to overcome his weakness．
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．Who could resist the beauty of the tropical island？______
5．I just went through a very tough time of my life．________
6．He realized instinctively that simply training harder would never be enough．
________
gradually
instructions
consciously
抗拒
艱難的
本能地
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．They reside in a cottage at the foot of the mountain．______
2．They searched the hills but found no trace of the wild animals．______
3．The map shows the position of the new landfills．______
settle
track
point
point, settle, track
(六)長難句分析
In my conversations with Mike over the past few days， I'd been told that if I got lost， I would be in big trouble．
句意：在過去幾天里，在我和邁克的談話中，他曾告訴我，如果我迷路了，我會有大麻煩的。
分析：主干是_________________；that引導_______從句；if 引導__________從句。
I'd been told that …
賓語
條件狀語
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．The baby’s mother escaped from the fire __________________________(和其余兩個孩子)．
2．They forgot the time ___________________ (在……的興奮中) exploration．
(八)仿寫句子
Driving a team of sled dogs is not as easy as it appears． (動名詞(短語)作主語)
仿寫：暴露在輻射下很危險。
____________________________________
along with two other children
in the excitement of
Being exposed to radiation is dangerous．
課后課時作業（二）
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比40%)　拔高題(占比30%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·遼寧省新高考聯盟高二下階段測試)The French couple Katia and Maurice Krafft， shared an attraction to volcanoes， one that perhaps approached an addiction． There are many people interested in volcanoes， but very few who are willing to climb an erupting crater (火山口) and approach the flowing lava (巖漿)． Katia and Maurice did a lot of work， shooting photographs and films of volcano eruptions， always being the first on the scene of an active volcano， and the ones who fearlessly came to just a few feet from lava flows． They were not only highly respected by volcanologists all around the world， but also envied．
The couple met in the 1960s when they were both students at the University of Strasbourg， and got married in 1970． Both of them were attracted to volcanoes since childhood． Upon graduating， Katia and Maurice pursued their careers as volcano observers with no financial support at all， just their own savings， which they spent on a trip to Stromboli to observe the eruption of the volcano．
They took an incredible and valuable set of photographs of the near continuous eruption． People were curious about the photographs， while public officials working on threatening volcanoes found them useful． This interest in their work helped the French couple to establish a career in documenting eruptions． Now able to obtain financial support for their work， Katia and Maurice visited hundreds， if not thousands， of volcanoes around the globe． They traveled and recorded eruptions， always getting closer to the danger than anyone else．
In June 1991， along with 40 other people， the Kraffts set out to film the eruption at Mount Unzen in Japan． A sudden and unexpected flow took place and all the people in its path were killed． Later investigation revealed that Katia's and Maurice's bodies were closest to the volcano crater． They were 44 and 45 years old respectively．
In their 25 year long career， the couple documented hundreds of volcanoes， and their work consists of thousands of still photos， 300 hours of film materials， a number of books， and scientific articles published in Bulletin of Volcanology．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了法國火山科學家Katia Krafft (卡蒂亞·克拉夫特)和Maurice Krafft (莫里斯·克拉夫特)夫婦的火山探索故事。
篇章導讀
1．When did the couple start their career as volcano observers
A．As children． B．While studying at college．
C．When leaving university． D．After getting married．
答案
解析
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Upon graduating … of the volcano．”可知，夫婦二人大學一畢業就開始了他們的火山探索事業。故選C。
2．What is unique to the couple's photographs of volcanoes
A．They focused on threatening volcanoes．
B．They were taken with their own savings．
C．They recorded continuous eruption of volcanoes．
D．They took photos at a shorter distance from lava flows．
答案
解析
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“They traveled and recorded eruptions， always getting closer to the danger than anyone else．”可知，他們選擇了比其他人更接近火山口的地方拍攝火山照片，總是比其他人更接近危險，也讓他們的照片與眾不同。故選D。
3．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A．The couple didn't get prepared before setting out．
B．The couple had been married for 25 years before the accident．
C．The couple made a great fortune with what they shot．
D．The couple went ahead of the rest at the last minute．
答案
解析
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Later investigation revealed that Katia's and Maurice's bodies were closest to the volcano crater．”可推知，在生命的最后一刻，夫婦二人是離火山口最近的，這對夫婦在最后一刻走在了其他人的前面。故選D。
4．Which of the following can best describe the couple
A．Caring and demanding． B．Promising and optimistic．
C．Brave and devoted． D．Dynamic and calm．
答案
解析
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“They traveled and … anyone else．”和最后一段內容可知，夫婦二人總是沖在離火山口最近的第一線，25年間獲取了大量的寶貴資料，由此可推知，他們是勇敢且敬業的。故選C。
B
(2024·河北省邯鄲市高二下期末)For some folks， hiking is an activity done for a couple of miles at a time． But for others， it is a lifestyle． Those who hike the Pacific Crest Trail (PCT) fall into the latter． The PCT is 2，650 miles． Along the way， hikers walk through the desert， up mountains and then cross seven national parks． It is a tough journey with a low completion rate． Just 14% of all hikers attempting a “thru hike” have succeeded in finishing the PCT．
The hike's reputation is what makes Pa'at's completion of the journey more extraordinary． The hiker known as Pa'at， an old man， finished the last bit of the PCT with two younger hikers， Auti and Chris． They celebrated Pa'at's success via an online post． They wrote， “Not many people can say they've finished such an amazing feat， especially not at 71！”
Pa'at approached the trail end marker and touched it， amazed that he had made it to the end． He said， “I know there were different troubles that I needed to overcome， but I had confidence in myself．”
For anyone who has ever dreamed of hiking the PCT， Pa'at's feat is proof that they aren't too late． “I've wanted to walk this trail for a long time，” someone posted online， “but now I know even if I don't get it in my twenties or thirties， I can still try again． Of course， I can challenge what I lacked courage to do in the past．”
Auti and Chris met Pa'at a few days before finishing． They said， “Pa'at is one of those people you instantly feel like you've known a lifetime． He has a heart of gold， the kindest soul， and unmatched optimism and courage． We both thank him for being such an inspiration to us．”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了71歲的Pa'at (帕特)徒步完成太平洋山脊步道的勵志故事。
篇章導讀
5．How does the author begin the text
A．By quoting a saying． B．By giving an example．
C．By making an assumption． D．By drawing a comparison．
答案
解析
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的 “For some folks … a lifestyle．(對一些人來說，徒步旅行是一項一次走幾英里的活動。但對其他人來說，這是一種生活方式。)”可推知，作者是通過對比開始本文的。故選D。
6．Which word can best describe Pa'at's finishing the PCT
A．Expected． B．Effortless．
C．Troublesome． D．Unbelievable．
答案
解析
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的 “Not many people can say they've finished such an amazing feat， especially not at 71！(沒有多少人能說他們完成了如此驚人的壯舉，尤其是在71歲的時候！)”可知，71歲的Pa'at成功徒步完成PCT，這令人難以置信。故選D。
7．What can we conclude from Paragraph 4
A．History is a guide．
B．Age is just a number．
C．Failure is the mother of success．
D．Time is a thief that never leaves empty handed．
答案
解析
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段中的 “For anyone who … too late．”可推知，71歲的Pa'at的壯舉啟示人們，追尋自己的夢想什么時候都不晚，即年齡只是一個數字。故選B。
8．What kind of role is Pa'at in the eyes of Auti and Chris
A．A beginner． B．A stranger．
C．An example． D．An opponent
答案
解析
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“We both thank him for being such an inspiration to us．(我們都感謝他對我們的激勵。)”可推知，在Auti(奧綈)和Chris(克里斯)眼中，Pa’at是他們的榜樣。故選C。
Ⅱ　讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·陜西省西安市高二下質量檢測)I begged my mom to let me make cookies by myself， even though I had never attempted baking before． I was nine years old and my friend Emmie had been baking cupcakes by herself for a year． I was determined to prove that I could make it．
My brother， Caleb， laughed at the idea of me cooking alone， calling it a disaster． Having a big brother can be annoying． Despite his laughing， my mom agreed to let me try． She reminded me to take my time and be careful because I'd had some messy spills before I was nine．
I raced to the kitchen and went to work． I cracked eggs and put a cold stick of butter into the bowl． I turned on the mixer at medium speed—and whoa． Whoa． Whoa! What a disaster! I had to wipe butter off my face， then off the table and floor．
Caleb made fun of me again， calling me a mess． I chased him away with a spoon and turned back to the mixing bowl． I started again with softer butter． Referring to the recipe， I poured everything needed into the bowl and mixed it． After that， I put round batter (面糊) onto the cookie sheet and put it into the oven． Within a minute， a fantastic smell filled the kitchen—the smell of cookie success!
I was going to prove that I was responsible． No more eye rolling from my brother． No more “You're too young” from my parents． I was grown up and in control．
I stared into the oven， and my heart sank． The neat， little balls had melted and overflowed to the edges of the cookie sheet． I pulled the pan out just as Caleb wandered back into the kitchen．
“What in the world？” He started to laugh． “Cookie soup？”
“You just be quiet，” I whispered， trying not to cry． “Just leave me alone．”
How's it going in there？” Dad called from the living room．
Caleb raised his eyebrows and bit his lip． I responded that everything was fine， pouring the melted batter into the bowl quickly．
注意：
1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。
I picked up the directions， wondering what had gone wrong． ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my parents．﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者想要自己做餅干，盡管以前從未嘗試過烘焙，但想到朋友Emmie (埃米)已經自己烤了一年的紙杯蛋糕，她決心要證明自己能做到，但作者最終失敗了。作者失敗的原因是什么？在作者的努力下，她成功了嗎？
寫前導讀
[精彩范文]
I picked up the directions， wondering what had gone wrong． It was then that I realized I had forgotten to add the flour! The batter had been too runny， causing the cookies to spread out． I quickly mixed in the flour and spooned the batter onto a new cookie sheet． This time， I watched carefully as they rose and browned in the oven． The sweet smell filled the kitchen， and my heart beat with excitement． I couldn’t wait to show my family what I had accomplished． Caleb sneaked in and raised his eyebrows， but this time， I just smiled confidently．
答案
I brought a plate of cookies into the living room for my parents． They looked surprised and delighted． “These are … yours？” Mom asked， taking a cautious bite． “They're … amazing！” She smiled， and Dad nodded in agreement． Caleb sat on the couch， a cookie in his hand， and his face betrayed a hint of pride． “I told you she could do it，” he said with a grin． I beamed， feeling a sense of accomplishment wash over me． I had proved myself， not just to my family but to myself． From that day on， no one doubted my baking skills again．
答案
精深閱讀
(2024·江蘇省南京市六校聯合體學校高二下校聯考)In the 1880s， long before she became her era's greatest female explorer， eight year old Harriet Chalmers traveled through the Sierra Nevada on horseback with her father． When she was 24， Chalmers married Franklin Pierce Adams， and they set off for Latin America， where they covered 40，000 miles on a horse， by boat and on foot． When they returned nearly three years later， she gave a lecture at National Geographic and started a 30 year career as a contributor．
Adams made it her mission to visit every country that was or had been a Spanish colony， and revisited the places where Christopher Columbus had stayed from Europe to the Americas． She traveled around Asia and attended Haile Selassie's Coronation (加冕禮) as the emperor of Ethiopia． During World War Ⅰ， she was the first female journalist allowed to photograph the French trenches (戰壕)， where she stayed for months．
She wrote 21 articles detailing her experiences for National Geographic， more than any other woman published in the magazine‘s first half century． In those pieces， she criticized the injustices that she had observed． “Where were the blessings the Europeans claimed they brought to millions of Latin Americans I could hardly find them，” she wrote after a visit to Peru． “What have they not suffered under the control of the Europeans？”
Adams had no professional training as a geographer and had never been to college， but her color photo slides and adventurous travel style won her invitations to speak around the world， often from the organizations that had never invited a woman before． She was the third American woman asked to join the Royal Geographical Society in England． However， the New York based Explorers Club gave her and other outstanding female adventurers the cold shoulder．
“Men have always been so afraid that some mere women might get into their discussion that they don't even permit women in their clubhouses，” Adams once said， “Let alone allow them to attend any meetings for discussions that might be significantly helpful． ”
Several female explorers decided to form their own club． In 1925， the Society of Woman Geographers started with Adams as president， and she served until moving to France in 1933， where she died four years later at 61．
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了女探險家和地理雜志撰稿人Harriet Chalmers Adams (哈麗特·查默斯·亞當斯)的生平。
篇章導讀
1．What did Adams do during the first three years of her marriage
A．She traveled through the Sierra Nevada．
B．She explored Latin America with her husband．
C．She contributed regularly to National Geographic．
D．She learned horse riding under her husband's guidance．
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“When she was 24 … a 30 year career as a contributor．”可知，她結婚的前三年和她丈夫一起去探索拉丁美洲。故選B。
答案
解析
2．What was Adams involved in during World War Ⅰ？
A．Taking photographs on the front line．
B．Traveling around European countries．
C．Fighting together with French soldiers．
D．Doing research on Christopher Columbus．
答案
解析
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“We both thank him for being such an inspiration to us．(我們都感謝他對我們的激勵。)”可推知，在Auti(奧綈)和Chris(克里斯)眼中，Pa’at是他們的榜樣。故選C。
3．What was Adams' attitude to these Europeans in Paragraph 3
A．Positive． B．Carefree．
C．Grateful． D．Negative．
答案
解析
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，在她的文章中，她批評了她所看到的不公平現象，并對歐洲人殖民侵略拉丁美洲感到不滿，由此可推知，她對歐洲人持否定態度。故選D。
4．How did Explorers Club treat Adams
A．It refused her help coldly．
B．It paid no attention to her．
C．It invited her to join in their discussion．
D．It asked her to join the Royal Geographical Society．
答案
解析
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“However， the New York based Explorers Club gave her and other outstanding female adventurers the cold shoulder．”可知，探索者俱樂部故意冷落她。短語give sb the cold shoulder意為“給某人冷臉，故意冷落某人”。故選B。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．________ n． 使命，任務；職責
2．________ v． 批評；批判；評論
3．______ v．& n． 聲稱，斷言
4．royal adj．________________
5．__________ adj． 杰出的；優秀的
mission
criticize
claim
皇家的；盛大的
outstanding
(二)高頻短語
6．__________ 動身去，出發去，啟程去
7．give a lecture ____________
8．_________________ 在……控制下
9．________ 更不用說
10．_______________ 允許某人做某事
set off for
講授；講演
under the control of
let alone
allow sb to do sth
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．You owe it to yourself to get some ____________ (profession) help．
2．He is known for his ____________ (adventure) spirit and love of travel．
3．The new policy has ____________(significant) improved the quality of life in the area．
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．Photographer Peter is a regular contributor to National Geographic．______
5．The era of digitalization has brought about many changes in our lives．_____
6．The society must address the injustices faced by disadvantaged groups．
________
professional
adventurous
significantly
撰稿人
時代
不公平
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．Everywhere he went he was accompanied by a group of officials．_________
2．The latest employment figures will be announced tomorrow morning．_________
3．The only difference is that one model has a touchscreen， while the other has a traditional keyboard．______
attended
published
publish， attend， mere
mere
(六)長難句分析
Adams had no professional training as a geographer and had never been to college， but her color photo slides and adventurous travel style won her invitations to speak around the world， often from the organizations that had never invited a woman before．
句意：亞當斯沒有接受過地理學方面的專業培訓，也從未上過大學，但她色彩豐富的幻燈片以及冒險的旅行風格贏得了世界各地的演講邀請，(演講邀請)經常來自那些以前從未邀請過女性的組織。
分析：主干是______________________________________________________
____________________________________；第二個and連接兩個并列的名詞短語___________________和_____________________作______；that引導______從句，修飾organizations。
　　　　　　　　　Adams had no professional training and had never been to
College， but her … won her invitations
her color photo slides
adventurous travel style
主語
定語
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．__________ (更不用說……) cooking a fancy meal， I can't even boil water without burning it．
2．___________________ (他不被允許) stay out late now．
(八)仿寫句子
When they returned nearly three years later， she gave a lecture at National Geographic and started a 30 year career as a contributor． (時間狀語從句)
仿寫：當我住在那里的時候，我常常在星期天去公園。
_______________________________________________
Let alone
He is not allowed to
When I lived there， I used to go to the park on Sundays．

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