資源簡介 英語 選擇性必修 第三冊[RJ]Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義1．tobacco n. 煙草；煙葉2．alcohol n. 酒；酒精3．physical adj. 身體的；客觀存在的；物理學的4．escalator n. 自動扶梯；滾梯5．pill n. 藥丸；藥片二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞1．abuse n. 濫用；虐待；辱罵 vt. 濫用；虐待；辱罵2．cue n. 提示；暗示；信號 vt. 給(某人)暗示(或提示)3．reward n. 回報；獎勵；報酬 vt. 獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬4．rely vi. 依賴；依靠；信賴5．facilitate vt. 促進；促使；使便利6．examine vt. (仔細)檢查；審查；測驗7．delete v. 刪去；刪除三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)1．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有優勢→domination n. 控制；統治→dominant adj. 首要的；顯著的；占優勢的2．repeatedly adv. 重復地→repeated adj. 重復的；反復發生的→repeat v. 重復；重說；重做→repetition n. 重復，背誦，副本3．psychology n. 心理學；心理；心理影響→psychological adj. 心理的；心理學的→psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理學地→psychologist n. 心理學家；心理學研究者4．negative adj. 消極的；有害的；否定的→negatively adv. 消極地；否定地→negativity n. 否定性；消極性5．pessimistic adj. 悲觀的；悲觀主義的→pessimistically adv. 悲觀地→pessimist n. 悲觀主義者四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義discipline 熟義：n. 自制力；紀律生義：n. 學科 vt. 自我控制；嚴格要求(自己)；管教；處罰五、核心短語：寫出英語表達1．in__response__to 回答；答復2．rely__on 依賴；依靠；信賴3．straight__away 立即；馬上4．decide__on 決定；選定課文三維剖析HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE健康的生活方式需養成的習慣As１ teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked２， could lead to more serious ones３ when they become adults. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which４ can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life５ is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes. １引導時間狀語從句 ２條件狀語從句的省略，將其補全則是if these bad habits are left unchecked ３指代前面提到的bad__habits ４引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內容 ５動詞不定式短語作主語在成長過程中，青少年會變得越來越獨立，并且開始自己做決定。然而，在這一時期，他們中的一部分人容易養成不良習慣。如果任其發展，在他們長大成人后，這些不良習慣可能會導致更為嚴重的有害習慣。例如，有些青少年會沉溺于煙酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康問題。防止此類有害習慣主宰青少年的生活是至關重要的。他們必須學會早早認清不良習慣并作出適當的改變。To change bad habits６ is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle７：“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made８. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that９ is much harder to change. The good news is that10 we can change, if11 we understand how12 habits work. 改變不良習慣從來都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地嘗試。有一條基于亞里士多德哲學思想的著名諺語說道：“重復的行為造就了我們。”從很多方面看，我們的生活方式是我們所作出的選擇的總和。我們選擇做某件事，接著我們反反復復地做這件事。不久之后，這項選擇就變得自然而然，成為一種更加難以改變的習慣。好消息是，如果我們了解習慣是怎么運作的，我們就可以作出改變。 According to modern psychology13, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which14 works like this： ·Firstly, there is a “cue”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something15. ·Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue. ·Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine16. ６動詞不定式短語作主語 ７過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾a famous saying ８省略了關系代詞that/which的定語從句，修飾先行詞choices ９引導定語從句，修飾先行詞habit 10引導表語從句，說明news的具體內容 11引導條件狀語從句 12引導賓語從句 13介詞短語作狀語 14引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明先行詞“habit cycle” 15動詞不定式短語作后置定語 16省略了關系代詞that或which的定語從句，修飾先行詞thing or feeling根據現代心理學，我們必須首先了解“習慣循環”，其工作原理如下：·第一是“觸發因素”，即一個行動、事件或狀況，充當要做某事的訊號。·第二是“慣常行為”，即你響應觸發因素而采取的常規行動。·第三是“回報”，即我們從慣常行為中獲得的美好事物或感受。For example, when17 we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which18 makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and19 the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed. 17引導時間狀語從句 18引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明前面整個主句 19連接兩個并列句例如，當我們感到不高興時(觸發因素)，我們會吃很多不健康零食(慣常行為)，這讓我們感到快樂(回報)。這一回報使我們更有可能繼續這一循環，從而形成了依賴不健康零食這一不良習慣。To facilitate a positive change20 in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas21. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine22 with something more positive. So, when23 we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which24 will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when25 we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but26 we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. 20動詞不定式短語作目的狀語 21介詞短語作方式狀語 22動詞不定式短語作賓語 23引導時間狀語從句 24引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明前面整個主句 25引導時間狀語從句 26連接兩個并列句想要促使不良習慣朝著積極的方向轉化，我們必須首先審視自己的壞習慣循環，然后盡力去調整。為了做到這一點，我們可以把來自我們不良習慣循環的信息與我們自己的積極想法結合起來。例如，我們可以試著將一個消極的慣常行為替換為一個更積極的東西。因此，當我們再次感到不高興時(觸發因素)，我們可以聽幾首自己最喜愛的音樂(慣常行為)，而不是吃零食，這會使我們感到放松(回報)。除了改變不良習慣之外，我們還可以利用習慣循環來養成良好的習慣。例如，當我們走到電梯前的時候(觸發因素)，我們的慣常行為是乘坐電梯，但是我們可以改為走樓梯，從而將上述慣常行為改變為一個更積極的事情。Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if27 we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change28 is not suddenly, but over a period of time. As29 the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change30, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits. 27引導條件狀語從句 28動詞不定式作后置定語 29引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內容 30動詞不定式短語作目的狀語我們中很多人試圖迅速改變不良習慣，一旦沒有立刻成功，我們往往變得悲觀，繼而放棄。事實上，改變不良習慣的最佳方法不是一蹴而就，而是需要一段時間。正如中國哲學家老子所說：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步似乎很小，卻至關重要。為了實現改變這一目標，一個人必須展示出一定程度的自制力，不斷地邁出許多小步。畢竟，戒除不良習慣并非易事。For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits31. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that32 will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits33! 31動詞不定式短語作后置定語 32引導定語從句，在從句中作主語，that不可省略 33動詞不定式短語作后置定語對年輕人來說，有大量的時間可以改變不良習慣。然而，能幫助你的“魔力丸”或刪除鍵并不存在；你必須思考自己的不良習慣，選定一些作出改變。你有能力構建一種充滿良好習慣的快樂、健康的生活！閱讀領悟(一)課文大意填空(二)課文剖析選擇題1．Why are the teenagers easy to form bad habits A．Because they are fond of tobacco or alcohol.B．Because they pay no attention to their health.C．Because they intend to make their parents upset.D．Because they are more independent and have their own ideas.答案：D2．Why does the author quote Aristotle's words A．To show changing bad habits is never easy.B．To imply we always repeat useless things.C．To tell us our life is only in the control of ourselves.D．To warn us to get ready for the difficulties.答案：A3．Which of the followings is considered as “reward”？A．You take a walk around the school in the morning.B．You find yourself excited after a talk with your friend.C．You decide to borrow two books from the city library.D．You're willing to volunteer in your community every weekend.答案：B4．What attitude does the author take to changing bad habits A．Objective. B．Pessimistic.C．Positive. D．Skeptical.答案：C(三)問題鏈1．What's the benefits of a healthy lifestyle The_benefits_of_a_healthy_lifestyle_include_improved_physical_and_mental_health, _increased__energy,__better__sleep,__and__a__lower__risk__of__chronic__diseases.2．Is it easy to get rid of bad habits？Why No,_it's_not_easy_to_get_rid_of_bad_habits_because__they__are__habitual__behaviors__that__require_conscious_effort_and_time_to_change.3．What should we do to form good habits To__form_good_habits,_we_should_set_clear_and__achievable__goals,__create__a__plan,__and__be_consistent_with_our_efforts.探究一 熱詞1.abuse n. 濫用；虐待；辱罵 vt. 濫用；虐待；辱罵(教材P14) abuse of sth 濫用某物 be open to abuse 容易被濫用 alcohol/drug abuse 酗酒/嗜毒 abuse one's privileges/authority/power 濫用某人的特權/權力 abuse one's trust/kindness 辜負了某人的信任/好心①The politician's abuse of power led to his resignation from office.這位政治家濫用職權，導致他辭去了職務。②The government is taking action to combat drug abuse.政府正在采取措施打擊濫用毒品。③She is continually abusing her authority by getting other people to do things for her.她不斷地濫用自己的特權，讓別人為她做事。④He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press.他覺得他們對媒體談論他的情況辜負了他對他們的信任。單句語法填空①I think the system is open to abuse.②Mr Smith was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power.完成句子③有些人濫用權力為自己謀利。Some people abuse__their__power to get profit for themselves.④由于酗酒，他的健康狀況逐年惡化。Because__of/Due__to__alcohol__abuse,__his health is failing year by year.2.reward n. 回報；獎勵；報酬 vt. 獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬(教材P14)rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意義的 as a reward (for ...) 作為(對……的)報酬/獎賞 in reward for 作為報答/獎勵 reward sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而獎賞某人 reward sb with sth 用某物回報/獎勵某人①Textbook writing can be an intellectually and financially rewarding activity.編著課本，在知識上和經濟上，是一種值得的行為。②She has been awarded scholarships worth 10，000 yuan as a reward for her good performance.她獲得了價值1萬元的獎學金，作為對其良好表現的獎勵。③She got a lot in reward for her kindness.她的善良得到了很多回報。④He gave the children some chocolate to reward them for behaving well.他給了孩子們一些巧克力，以獎勵他們表現良好。⑤She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.她開始給嬰兒唱歌，嬰兒則報以微笑。(人物描寫)單句語法填空①Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.②For me, nursing can be a very rewarding (reward) career.③There is no doubt that they will reward you with loyalty, friendship and gratitude.完成句子④袁隆平被授予我國最高獎項，以獎勵他對雜交水稻的巨大貢獻。Yuan Longping was given the__highest__award__of__our__country__in__reward__for his great contribution to hybrid rice.⑤她通過考試后，得到了一輛新自行車作為獎勵。She got a new bike as__a__reward__for__passing__her__exams.3.rely vi. 依賴；依靠；信賴 (教材P15)reliable adj. 可信賴的；可依靠的 rely on 依賴；依靠；信賴 rely on doing sth 依靠做某事 rely on sb/sth to do sth 信賴/依靠某人/物做某事 rely on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……①My colleague is very reliable because she always completes her tasks on time.我的同事非常可靠，因為她總是按時完成她的任務。(人物描寫)②I always rely on my friends for support when I'm going through tough times.當我經歷困難時期時，我總是依靠朋友的支持。③From now on, we can rely on getting outside help if things get tough.從現在起，如果情況變得艱難，我們可以依靠外部幫助。④Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.許多職業女性依靠親戚來幫助照顧她們的孩子。 rely on/upon后跟that從句時，常在從句之前加it作形式賓語，有類似用法的動詞(短語)還有： love, like, appreciate, hate, depend on, see to等。單句語法填空①We had to rely on a compass and a lot of luck to get here.②The investigation will rely on getting (get) information from different resources.③In the future, I won't rely on others to__handle (handle) such conditions.完成句子④在這種困難的情況下，你可以相信我不會讓你失望的。You__can__rely__on/upon__it__that I will not let you down in this difficult situation.4.examine vt. (仔細)檢查；審查；測驗 vi. 進行檢查(教材P15)examination n. 審查；調查；考查 examine sb/sth for sth 為某事檢查某人/某物 examine sb in/on sth 在某方面考查/測驗某人 examine into ... 對……進行檢查/調查①The proposal requires careful examination and consideration.這項建議需要仔細審查和考慮。②The police will have to examine the weapon for fingerprints.警察必須檢查武器上的指紋。③You are only being examined on this semester's work.現在只考你在本學期學的課程。單句語法填空①The issue needs further examination (examine)．②From time to time I will examine you on/in the work you have done.③Doctors also examine them for other medical conditions.完成句子④警方正在調查事故的原因，以確定責任人。The__police__are__examining__into__the__cause__of__the__accident to determine who is responsible.5．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有優勢→domination n. 控制；統治→dominant adj. 首要的；顯著的；占優勢的The dominant culture in the region has long dominated the social landscape, leading to the domination of its values and traditions over minority groups.該地區的主流文化長期以來一直主導著社會格局，導致其價值觀和傳統對少數群體的統治。6．repeatedly adv. 重復地→repeated adj. 重復的；反復發生的→repeat v. 重復；重說；重做→repetition n. 重復，背誦，副本The teacher repeatedly reminded the students to pay attention, but they continued to repeat the same mistakes, causing the teacher to feel exhausted by the constant repetition.老師反復提醒學生們注意，但他們繼續重復同樣的錯誤，導致老師因不斷重復而感到疲憊。7．psychology n. 心理學；心理；心理影響→psychological adj. 心理的；心理學的→psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理學地→psychologist n. 心理學家；心理學研究者The psychologist analyzed the psychological effects of the situation, explaining how it affected people psychologically.心理學家分析了這種情況的心理影響，解釋了它是如何在心理上影響人們的。單句語法填空①I repeatedly (repeat) reminded her to bring her umbrella, but she forgot again.②As a child, he was__dominated (dominate) by his father.完成句子③她一直是國際藝術界舉足輕重的人物。She__is__always__a__dominant__figure in the international art world.④心理學在理解人們如何相互交往方面起著至關重要的作用。Psychology__plays__an__important__role__in__understanding how people interact with each other.8 discipline[熟義]n. 自制力；紀律 [生義]n. 學科 vt. 自我控制；嚴格要求(自己)；管教；處罰①I don't have enough (self－)discipline to save money.我沒有足夠的自制力去省錢。②There should be tougher discipline in schools.在學校，紀律應該更加嚴明。③We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.我們正在尋找各類學科的人才。④I'm trying to discipline myself to eat less chocolate.我正試圖控制自己少吃巧克力。同義詞替換①Your assignment will be to choose a discipline that interests you, and devise an experiment.subject翻譯②這所學校因紀律嚴格而聞名。The__school__has__a__reputation__for__high__standards__of__discipline.③從去年開始他規定自己每周至少鍛煉三次。Since_last_year,__he_has_disciplined_himself_to_exercise__at__least__three__times__a__week.探究二 短語9.in response to 回答；答復(教材P14)response n. 回答，答復；響應，反應 respond v. 回答；響應；作出回應 make a/no response to ... 對……(不)作答復 in response 作為回應 respond to ... 回應/回答……；對……作出反應①In response to the broadcast notice, a nurse came forward.聽到廣播通知后，一名護士走上前來。②He made no response to her angry outburst, choosing to ignore her instead.他對她的憤怒沒有做出任何回應，而是選擇了無視。③In response, they took action to improve the working conditions in the factory and ensure employee welfare.作為回應，他們采取行動改善了工廠的工作條件，并確保員工福利。④Egypt is among the first countries to respond to the Belt and Road Initiative.埃及是最早響應“一帶一路”倡議的國家之一。(新聞報道)單句語法填空①Teamwork teaches us to be more patient and how to respond to different people.②After hearing the unexpected news, she made no response (respond) for a long time.③In response, she quickly corrected her mistake in her work.翻譯④她對他的問題點了點頭，表示她明白了。She__nodded__in__response__to__his__question,__indicating__that__she__understood.探究三 長難句分析10.As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.(教材P14) 在成長過程中，青少年會變得越來越獨立，并且開始自己做決定。【分析】 as在此處為連詞，意為“隨著……”，引導時間狀語從句。as其他相關用法 引導原因狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、方式狀語從句、比較狀語從句及定語從句 引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內容，意為“正如……” 作介詞，意為“作為……”，常用于構成短語，如work as, serve as, describe ... as ... 等①(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.隨著城市的飛速發展，生活在市區的人們越來越難找到機會接近自然。②As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical matters.因為他是一名合格的醫生，所以我相信他在醫療問題上的建議。③I'll behave toward them as I would like to be treated.我希望別人怎樣對待我，我就會怎樣對待他們。④As you know, Julia is leaving soon.如你所知，茱莉婭很快就要離開了。⑤(2023·全國乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.她出生在佛羅倫薩的一個猶太人家庭，后來搬到巴黎，在那里她成為了一名醫生并施行手術。 as引導讓步狀語從句時，只用于倒裝語序結構中，強調的成分置于as前，語氣強于although和though。單句語法填空①Dark as/though it was, they went out.②The book serves as a valuable resource for students studying the subject.翻譯③他因為將爵士樂傳到英格蘭而為人們所熟知。He__is__best__remembered__as__the__man__who__brought__jazz__to__England.④我知道人們的筆跡隨著年齡的增長而變化。I__know__people's__handwriting__changes__as__they__get__older.維度一 高頻詞匯(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文1．alcohol n. 酒；酒精2．psychology n. 心理學；心理；心理影響3．tobacco n. 煙草；煙葉4．cue n. 提示；暗示；信號5．pill n. 藥丸；藥片6．straight__away 立即；馬上7．aside__from 除了……還8．in__response__to 回答；答復9．decide__on 決定；選定10．rely__on 依賴；依靠；信賴(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義1．We need to examine how an accident like this can be avoided in the future.檢查2．She watched his lips carefully and took her cue from him.暗示3．We should learn to grasp communication skills for they can facilitate mutual understanding.促進4．He abused his power to help his son become qualified.濫用5．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.回報維度二 語境運用(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容1．He gave his son a model telescope to reward him for behaving well.2．The earth won't stop because of your pessimistic (pessimism) thoughts.3．Although Jack failed in this entrance examination (examine), he didn't lose heart.4．We need a reliable (rely) source of information to make an informed decision.5．She is studying psychology (psychological) at university and hopes to become a therapist.(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分reward, facilitate, rely, examine, negative1．Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them.examine2．They want less passive ways of filling their time.negative3．The use of technology improves communication between people from different countries.facilitates4．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness.reward5．We shouldn't depend on mobile phones too much.rely維度三 能力提升(五)長難句分析(2023·全國乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.句意：我經常早早離開，去尋找合適的目的地，這樣我就可以早些準備好，避免錯過我想要拍攝的瞬間。分析：句子主干是I__often__leave__early，為“主謂賓”結構。to seek the right destinations是動詞不定式短語作目的狀語，so引導結果狀語從句，avoid doing sth為固定搭配，意為“避免做某事”，I am attempting to photograph是省略了that/which的定語從句，修飾先行詞the__moment。(六)句型轉換1．When it is seen from a distance, to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.(“連詞＋分詞”結構)→When__seen__from__a__distance,__to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.2．We all know that the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.(用as改寫)→As__is__known__to__all,__the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.維度四 素養提升(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子1．He has already been sentenced to six years in jail for abuse__of__power (濫用職權)．2．After much consideration, we decided__on (決定) holding the meeting in the conference room.3．He chuckled in__response__to (作為對……的答復) her question.(八)翻譯1．我們應該相信一切都會順利的。(rely on it that ...)We__should__rely__on__it__that__everything__will__go__well.2．他因他的發現而獲得一枚獎章。(reward n．)He__received__a__medal__in__reward__for__his__findings.課后課時作業(一)較易題(占比70%) 中檔題(占比30%) 拔高題(占比0%)題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ難度 ★★ ★ ★Ⅰ 完形填空(2024·江西省吉安市多校聯考高二下月考)Returning home from my university on a hot day, I longed for a cold sugary drink. I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa and __2__ playing with my mobile phone. That was where I __3__ an ad for some burgers and fries. I decided to order because I was __4__ and needed some __5__ to finish my to do list for the day.I didn't know at that point that eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier—and __6__ my whole life in a harmful way.I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18, to __7__ my education. It was my first time living without my family and __8__ myself independently. I was out of my comfort zone and felt __9__. There were so many things to do, so I paid little attention to my __10__ because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and __11__ thing to do.About 4 weeks after moving away from home, I continued __12__ whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly that I could __13__ walk. My doctor told me it was the __14__ of all the unhealthy food I had been eating. He suggested I make an effort to eat a healthy and __15__ diet that gave me all the right nutrients.篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者不注意飲食，最后導致胃疼，不得不去看醫生。通過這件事，作者意識到健康飲食的重要性。1．A.buy B．grabC．fancy D．hide答案：B解析：buy 買；grab 取，拿；fancy 想要；hide 隱藏。根據前文的“I longed for a cold sugary drink”可知，作者很想喝冷飲，所以沖到冰箱前去拿。故選B。2．A.practiced B．forgotC．started D．missed答案：C解析：practice 練習；forget 忘記；start 開始；miss 錯過。根據前文的“I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa”和后文的“playing with my mobile phone”可知，作者拿了冷飲后，坐在沙發上開始玩手機。故選C。3．A.saw B．wroteC．ignored D．sent答案：A解析：see 看見；write 寫；ignore 忽略；send 發送。根據后文的“an ad for some burgers and fries”可知，作者看到了漢堡和薯條的廣告。故選A。4．A.thirsty B．hungryC．proud D．sad答案：B解析：thirsty 口渴的；hungry 饑餓的；proud 驕傲的；sad 傷心的。根據前文的“That was ... decided to order”可知，作者看到了漢堡和薯條的廣告，決定點餐，因為作者覺得自己餓了。故選B。5．A.time B．adviceC．energy D．peace答案：C解析：time 時間；advice 建議；energy 能量；peace 和平。根據前文的“I decided to order”和后文的“to finish my to do list for the day”可知，作者需要一些能量來完成當天的任務清單。故選C。6．A.share B．escapeC．waste D．affect答案：D解析：根據前文的“eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier”可知，這種高度加工的食物會讓作者感覺更懶、更困，所以這種高度加工的食物以一種有害的方式影響作者的整個生活。故選D。7．A.support B．continueC．quit D．introduce答案：B解析：support 支持；continue 繼續；quit 退出；introduce 介紹。根據前文的“I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18”和后文的“my education”可知，作者離開家是為了繼續學業。故選B。8．A.competing with B．searching forC．watching over D．looking after答案：D解析：compete with 與……競爭；search for 尋找；watch over 監視；look after 照顧。根據前文的“living without my family”和后文的“myself independently”可知，作者離開家人獨自生活，獨自照顧自己。故選D。9．A.stressed B．excitedC．relieved D．ashamed答案：A解析：stressed 焦慮的，緊張的；excited 興奮的；relieved 放心的；ashamed 慚愧的。根據前文的“I was out of my comfort zone”可知，作者離開了自己的舒適區，所以感到壓力很大。故選A。10．A.study B．dietC．family D．weight答案：B解析：study 研究；diet 飲食；family 家庭；weight 重量。根據后文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest”可知，作者很少注意自己的飲食。故選B。11．A.cheapest B．newestC．easiest D．safest答案：C解析：根據前文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and”可知，吃高度加工的食物似乎是最快和最容易的事情。故選C。12．A.finishing B．helpingC．playing D．eating答案：D解析：根據后文的“whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly”可知，作者沒有注意飲食，繼續吃想吃的東西，所以導致胃疼得厲害。故選D。13．A.barely B．immediatelyC．eventually D．patiently答案：A解析：barely 幾乎不；immediately 立即；eventually 最終；patiently 耐心地。根據前文的“my stomach hurt so badly”和后文的“walk”可知，作者胃疼得厲害，幾乎不能走路。故選A。14．A.experience B．reasonC．result D．chance答案：C解析：experience 經驗；經歷；reason 原因；result 結果；chance 機會。根據后文的“of all the unhealthy food I had been eating”可知，胃疼得厲害是因為作者一直吃不健康食物的結果。故選C。15．A.poor B．freeC．limited D．balanced答案：D解析：poor 貧窮的；差的；free 自由的；limited 有限的；balanced 平衡的。根據后文的“diet that gave me all the right nutrients”可知，能給作者營養的是健康均衡的飲食。故選D。Ⅱ 閱讀(2024·寧夏回族自治區吳忠市高二下期中)We are what we eat. From high calorie meals to low fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. We all know about the benefits of eating properly for our physical health, but food—and cooking it—is proving to be good for our mental well being as well.Some people are now advocating the therapy value of cooking food. It's not just about the end result but the experience we go through. Dr Mark Salter told BBC: “Baking and cooking are good therapies that help develop planning skills, short term memory and social skills—all of which suffer in mental illness.” TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. “Baking has always been about therapy. It's never really been about the__cake，” she said. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization and mental health.Certainly, creating delicious food has helped take our mind off things and given us something to do. People have said that preparing dough to make bread, for example, has given them a sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like cooking, makes us feel happier. Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our biology, behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of food, and nurturing people through food, so I think that's where it brings us an opportunity for immediate positive emotions”． Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right frame of mind.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了烹飪食物對我們的精神健康有好處。1．What does Dr Mark Salter talk about A．The therapy value of cooking.B．The enjoyment of cooking.C．The types of mental disease.D．The physical benefits of food.答案：A解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的Dr Mark Salter (馬克·索爾特博士)所說的話“Baking and cooking ... in mental illness.(烘焙和烹飪是很好的治療方法，有助于培養計劃能力、短期記憶力和社交能力——這些都會影響精神疾病。)”可知，Mark Salter博士討論了烹飪的治療價值。故選A。2．What do the underlined words “the cake” refer to in Paragraph 3 A．Food quality. B．The end result.C．The TV show. D．The champion.答案：B解析：指代判斷題。根據畫線部分下文“And she thinks ... and mental health.”可知，Nadiya Hussain (納迪亞·侯賽因)認為烘焙是重要工具，所以重要的并不是最后的結果，由此可推知，畫線部分指“最后的結果”。故選B。3．What does Nicole Farmer mean about cooking A．It is a sociable activity.B．It gives us delicious food.C．It is the process of creation.D．It results in a pleasant feeling.答案：D解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中Nicole Farmer (妮可·法默)所說的“cooking represents the ... positive emotions (烹飪代表了人類對食物的共同體驗，并通過食物滋養人，所以我認為這給我們帶來了一個立即產生積極情緒的機會)”可知，Nicole Farmer認為烹飪帶來一種愉快的感覺。故選D。4．What is the text mainly about A．Cooking benefiting mental health.B．Different opinions on cooking.C．Benefits of food for physical health.D．An author's cooking experience.答案：A解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段中的“We all know about the benefits ... our mental well being as well.”及下文不同專業的人對此進行的論述可知，文章主要介紹了烹飪有益于心理健康。故選A。Ⅲ 語法填空(2024·四川省安寧河聯盟高二下期中)As a student in Pakistan, it had always been my dream __1__ (come) to China and immerse myself in its culture and events.In 2022, my dream finally came true. I arrived in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, to study at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.Chengdu, with its exquisite cuisine and rich history, attracted me from the moment I set foot in the city. __2__ (situate) in the heart of Sichuan, Chengdu spreads out over the rich Chengdu Plain and is home to the ancient Dujiangyan irrigation system. It owes its __3__ (survive) to the mighty Minjiang River.Over the past more than a year, I __4__ (have) the incredible opportunity to explore this magnificent city and witness its significant events firsthand. During one vacation, I had the pleasure of __5__ (visit) the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, an absolute must see attraction in the city. This visit introduced me to __6__ whole new world. The base serves __7__ a place for public education and tourism, offering interactive activities that allow people to connect with these magnificent __8__ (creature).My journey in Chengdu has just begun. With each passing day, I become more thankful for many chances __9__ invite me, promising to deepen __10__ (I) understanding of China and create lifelong memories.1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者作為巴基斯坦學生在成都生活的經歷。1．答案：to come解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處為“it be＋n.＋to do sth”句型，不定式為真正的主語。故填to come。2．答案：Situated解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處situate與主句主語Chengdu之間構成被動關系，應用過去分詞作狀語，句首單詞首字母應大寫。故填Situated。3．答案：survival解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處作動詞owes的賓語，應用不可數名詞survival。故填survival。4．答案：have had解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據上文Over the past more than a year可知，設空處應用現在完成時，主語為I，助動詞應用have。故填have had。5．答案：visiting解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處作介詞of的賓語，應用動名詞。故填visiting。6．答案：a解析：考查冠詞。此處泛指一個全新的世界，應用不定冠詞修飾，且whole的發音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。7．答案：as解析：考查介詞。此處指該基地作為公共教育和旅游場所。serve as表示“作為”。故填as。8．答案：creatures解析：考查名詞。creature為可數名詞，根據上文these可知，應用復數。故填creatures。9．答案：that/which解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞chances，在從句中作主語，指物。故填that/which。10．答案：my解析：考查代詞。修飾名詞understanding，應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填my。 精深閱讀(2024·山東省臨沂市高二下期中)Despite the fact that burgers, chips and fries are known as some of the most unhealthy food we can eat, they are still the most popular food.There are a few reasons behind that. First, junk food is generally easy to get and take with you. This convenience is a major draw for many, especially people who are always on the go. Restaurants like McDonald's and KFC can be found outside many schools and workplaces, providing meals in under a minute.Secondly, junk food contains a lot of added sugar and fat. This kind of food causes our brain to send out certain chemicals, which produce the feeling of relaxation, pleasure and enjoyment. That's why such food is called “comfort food”．Thirdly, our ancestors didn't have such easy access to the huge variety of food we come across every day. They didn't have the convenience of having food as easily as we do. So they made it a habit to eat as much as they could to survive and protect themselves from the hard natural conditions. The cave mentality is passed down to us, which makes us believe that we can never have enough food that is high in sugar and fat, no matter how crazily we eat. Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代謝). Additionally, it is also found to increase hunger. That's the reason why when we're thinking about unpleasant things, we prefer foods that are high in sugar, fat and carbohydrate, that is to say unhealthy food.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受歡迎的幾個原因。1．Why are McDonald's and KFC mentioned A．To show they take up the best site.B．To show they provide good service.C．To show they are famous for their taste.D．To show they make junk food easy to get.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“First, junk food ... under a minute. (首先，垃圾食品通常很容易買到并隨身攜帶。這種便利性是吸引許多人的主要原因，尤其是那些總是忙碌的人。像麥當勞和肯德基這樣的餐廳可以在許多學校和工作場所外找到，在一分鐘內就能提供飯菜。)”可推知，提到麥當勞和肯德基是為了表明它們使垃圾食品很容易買到。故選D。2．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 4 A．We need all kinds of food.B．Our ancestors lived a hard life.C．We are born to eat more than we need.D．It is difficult for us to change our habits.答案：C解析：段落大意題。根據第四段中的“So they made ... no matter how crazily we eat. (因此，他們養成了盡可能多吃的習慣，以生存并保護自己免受惡劣的自然條件的影響。洞穴心態傳給了我們，這讓我們相信，無論我們吃得多么瘋狂，我們永遠都不可能有足夠的高糖高脂的食物。)”可知，第四段告訴我們，我們生來就吃得比我們需要的多。故選C。3．What is a cause of the increase of sugar content in our body A．Too much stress.B．A wish for food.C．A fast metabolic rate.D．Not having enough energy.答案：A解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Besides, when we are ... in the blood (此外，當我們過于擔心或疲勞而無法放松時，我們的身體會產生皮質醇，這會增加血液中的含糖量)”可知，壓力太大導致我們體內的含糖量增加。故選A。4．What is the text mainly about A．How harmful junk food is.B．Why fast food is so delicious.C．How we can develop a healthy lifestyle.D．Why we love unhealthy food so much.答案：D解析：主旨大意題。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受歡迎的幾個原因，即為什么我們這么喜歡不健康的食物。故選D。精深閱讀——好詞句小練(一)熱詞1．burger n. 漢堡包2．generally adv. 一般地；通常3．relaxation n. 放松，消遣4．ancestor n. 祖先；祖宗5．survive v. 生存；存活(二)高頻短語6．on the go 忙忙碌碌；活躍的7．send out 發出；散發8．have__access__to 有接近/近入……的機會/權利9．come__across 偶然發現；偶然遇見10．protect__oneself__from 保護自己免受……(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容1．Diet and relaxation (relax) are two important keys to good health.2．Volunteers practice English crazily (crazy) while waiting in line for breakfast.3．Our apartment is small, and has the added (add) disadvantage of facing west.(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義4．I like going to the gym. Additionally, it helps me stay healthy and fit.此外5．She is currently one of the biggest draws on the Irish music scene.有吸引力的人6．People should eat less fat to reduce the risk of heart disease.脂肪；肥肉(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分1．He didn't seem in the least concerned for her safety.worried2．It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest speaker.enjoyment3．The new test should assist in the early detection of the disease.aid(六)長難句分析Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代謝)．句意：此外，當我們過于擔心和疲勞而無法放松時，我們的身體會產生皮質醇，這會增加血液中的含糖量，因此它可以作為能量來幫助脂肪和碳水化合物的代謝。分析：主干是our__body__produces__cortisol,__so__it__can__be__used__as__energy；when引導時間狀語從句；which 引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明先行詞cortisol；so連接兩個并列句。(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子1．They huddled together to protect__themselves__from__the__wind (保護自己免受風吹)．2．I came__across (偶然發現) some of my photos in the drawer of my father's desk this morning.(八)仿寫句子That's why such food is called “comfort food”．(表語從句)仿寫：這個地方不是過去的樣子了。This__place__isn't__what__it__used__to__be.課后課時作業(二)較易題(占比30%) 中檔題(占比40%) 拔高題(占比30%)題號 Ⅰ ⅡA B難度 ★ ★★ ★★★Ⅰ 閱讀A(2024·浙江省舟山中學高二下月考)Healthy eating and staying fit can be difficult. You may want to eat tasty food that is easy to prepare. You may be inspired to exercise and stay in shape. The good news is that there are apps to help you.PaprikaPaprika is an app to help users plan meals, shop and cook. You can save recipes from websites and from other apps to Paprika. The app can help keep track of the foods you have in your home so when you go shopping, you know what you need to buy.MealBoardMealBoard is another app that can suggest recipes and help you plan meals. This app can suggest recipes based on the food you already have in your home. MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy. This app can scan bar codes to add items to your list. Using this app, you can also note the expiration dates (失效期), so you know when your food is no longer usable. MealBoard lets users save recipes from websites and then search them by foods used in the recipes. For example, you can search for recipes that have “chocolate” in them. IEatWellThe IEatWell app supports healthy eating by giving users rewards for eating the right foods. If you like earning rewards for meeting your goals, IEatWell may work well for you. Instead of measuring how much you eat. IEatWell measures how well you eat. Tell the app what you are eating for your meal. You can even add a photo. The app will rate how healthy your meal is, and then give you a reward if you are eating well.篇章導讀：本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了幾個幫助人們健康飲食以及保持健康的實用應用程序。1．What do the apps Paprika and MealBoard have in common A．They can scan bar codes.B．They can let you know what you need to buy.C．They can keep a record of the meals you eat outside.D．They can tell if the food has passed the expiration dates.答案：B解析：細節理解題。根據Paprika部分中的“The app ... need to buy.”和MealBoard部分中的“MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy.”可知，這兩個應用程序的共同點是它們能讓你知道需要買什么。故選B。2．If you eat a healthy diet, IEatWell can ________．A．give you a pictureB．give you a rewardC．provide you with recipesD．measure how much you eat答案：B解析：細節理解題。根據IEatWell部分中的“The app will ... you are eating well.”可知，如果你吃得健康，IEatWell會給你一個獎勵。故選B。3．Where is the text probably taken from A．A science report. B．A cooking recipe.C．A health blog. D．A medical journal.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“The good news is that there are apps to help you.”及文中三個小標題可知，本文主要介紹了幾個幫助人們健康飲食以及保持健康的實用應用程序。由此可推知，這篇文章可能來自一個健康博客。故選C。B(2024·吉林省長春外國語學校高二下月考)The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了食物對人類健康的影響，指出不良的飲食會致癌，特別是現在食品中的添加劑。4．How has science done something harmful to mankind A．Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food have been virtually eliminated.B．It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.C．Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.D．The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.答案：C解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“In 1945 ... caused cancer. (1945年，政府研究人員意識到通常用于肉類保色的硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑會致癌。)”可知，由于科學的應用，一些有潛在危害的物質被添加到了食物中。故選C。5．The underlined word “carcinogenic” in Paragraph 2 most nearly means “________”．A．trouble making B．color retainingC．money making D．cancer causing答案：D解析：詞義猜測題。根據第二段中的“government researchers realized ... caused cancer”可知，研究者發現硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑會致癌；結合畫線詞前表示轉折意義的Yet可知，此處是指“這些致癌的添加劑現在仍然存在于我們的食物中”，由此可推知，畫線詞意為“致癌的”。故選D。6．What can we know according to the passage A．Drugs are always given to animals not only for medical reasons but also for financial reasons.B．The additives in our food are only added to the food itself.C．Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives recently.D．Food may cause eighty percent of cancer in the world.答案：A解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Sometimes similar drugs ... for financial reasons.”可知，給動物服用藥物并不總是出于醫療目的，也出于經濟原因。故選A。7．What is the best possible title of the passage A．Drug and Food B．Cancer and HealthC．Food and Health D．Health and Drug答案：C解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了食物對人類健康的影響，指出不良的飲食會致癌，特別是現在食品中的添加劑。因此C項(食物和健康)最適合作為文章標題。故選C。Ⅱ 讀后續寫閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。(2024·福建省福州市延安中學高二上期末)Though I eat an apple almost every day, one month ago my doctor came to my house standing in front of me, not being kept away, due to my sudden illness.“Well Jian, I think I need to have a strong talk with you. You are overweight. Have you ever heard about Body Mass Index (指數), BMI Well, I've weighed you and measured your height and you have a BMI of 28. That is obese (肥胖的)，” said the doctor.I knew I was a little bit overweight but I didn't think it was that bad. He added that my name means healthy in Chinese and he thought it is time that I should become healthy. There is a direct link between my health and sport. So he asked me, “How much sport do you do every week？” I told him that I go for a walk every weekend. Then he replied, “Hmm, that's not a lot. Sport and health go together. It affects your mental, physical and emotional health. For example, sport can improve your mental health, allowing your brain to think better and focus. It will help you to learn more easily. Is that clear, Jian？” “I think so. I know it would be good to be able to concentrate better at school.” I said.The doctor explained that to me from a physical point of view, sport makes us tired so it helps us to sleep better. At the same time, sport burns off the calories that we have consumed. It builds muscle and improves our circulation. Sport helps to control our cholesterol count (膽固醇指標) and this is important to stop us having a heart attack. Additionally, it also keeps our blood pressure normal and strengthens our bones.注意：1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。The doctor's words left me lost in thought. “Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested. 寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因為超重，身體健康出現了問題，在聽從了醫生的建議后，作者改變自己的生活方式了嗎？作者加入團隊運動后，有什么收獲？[精彩范文]The doctor's words left me lost in thought. I realized that I needed to take my health more seriously and make some changes to my lifestyle. I started to look into different sports and exercises that I could do to improve my health. I also began to pay more attention to my diet, cutting out unhealthy foods and replacing them with healthier alternatives. I knew that it wouldn't be easy, but I was determined to make a change.“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested. I thought about it for a moment and realized that he was right. I had always been hesitant to join a sports team, but I decided to give it a try. I joined a local soccer team and was surprised at how much I enjoyed it. Not only was I getting the exercise that I needed, but I was also making new friends and having fun in the process. I started to look forward to our weekly practices and games, and I could feel myself getting stronger and healthier with each passing week. Thanks to my doctor's advice, I had found a new way to improve my health and my life. 精深閱讀(2024·湖北省宜荊荊隨恩高二下月考)You may have read that light coming into your eyes sets the body's clock. Similarly, food changes the clocks in tissues in your liver, muscles, and fat. Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours. That meant we didn't eat for 12 hours a day. Sticking to that plan may help you stay healthier as well as thinner. However, it's a surprisingly bad idea to ignore breakfast, eat lunch or dinner late, eat a big bedtime snack, or eat in the middle of the night.In a study with 776 participants, people who ignored breakfast were 80 percent more likely to have obesity. People who ate lunch after 12：30 (or dinner after 21：00) were 60 percent more likely to have those extra pounds. That was true for both men and women at different ages and regardless of other factors that affect weight including your diet and exercise habits. Odd hours seem to contribute to uncontrollable eating. When you eat late at night, you tend to eat more. Perhaps driven by hormone increases, we long for sweeter, saltier food at night, research suggests. In one study, night eaters ate about 300 more calories each day.“Eating late in the day aggravates reflux, writes Jamie A．Koufman, who specializes in voice disorders and acid reflux (胃酸倒流). Many of my patients find that eating late makes them suffer more from their allergies and diabetes symptoms，” he says. “Give your stomach at least three hours to digest before sleeping，” advises Jonathan Aviv, another specialist in acid reflux. Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer. If you eat late at night, another research suggests, you may up the chance of breast cancer occurrence. While researchers work out the details of how our body clocks affect digestion and their downstream effects, one point is clear: Early is better.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了太晚吃東西對身體的危害，并通過相關研究結果加以佐證。1．What can be learned from the first paragraph A．Not eating for a half day may do good to your health.B．What you eat makes no difference to your clocks.C．Eating late may be more harmful than ignoring breakfast.D．People gain weight because of their diet and exercise habits.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Human beings developed ... as well as thinner. (人類進化到只在白天進食，白天持續12個小時。那意味著我們一天中有12個小時不吃東西。堅持這個計劃可以幫助你保持健康和苗條。)”可推知，半天不吃東西可能對你的健康有好處。故選A。2．What does the underlined word “aggravates” probably mean A．Comforts. B．Worsens.C．Weakens. D．Improves.答案：B解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后文“Many of my patients ... diabetes symptoms (我的許多病人發現，吃得晚會讓他們更容易出現過敏和糖尿病癥狀)”可知，此處是介紹吃得晚的壞處。由此可推知，畫線詞所在處指吃得晚會讓胃酸反流惡化，畫線詞意為“使惡化”。故選B。3．How is the result found in the text A．By concluding from some researches concerning eating habits.B．By summarizing the data from only one survey.C．By comparing the studies about the eating disorder.D．By experimenting on people of different ages.答案：A解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“In a study ... extra pounds.”、第三段中的“In one study ... each day.”以及最后一段中的“Eating breakfast late ... develop breast cancer.”可知，這些有關飲食習慣的研究都表明吃得晚對健康有害，由此可推知，文章的結論是在總結這些研究的基礎上得出來的。故選A。4．Which of the following is the best title for the text A．Ignore Breakfast to Lose WeightB．Night Eaters Are Much HealthierC．Eating More Damages Body ClockD．Eating Late Is Really Bad for You答案：D解析：標題判斷題。文章主要說明了太晚吃東西對身體的危害，并通過相關研究結果加以佐證。D項(吃得晚真的對你不好)最適合作為文章標題。故選D。精深閱讀——好詞句小練(一)熱詞1．similarly adv. 同樣；類似地2．obesity n. 肥胖癥3．extra adj. 額外的4．hormone n. 荷爾蒙；激素5．specialize v. 專門從事；專攻(二)高頻短語6．stick__to 堅持7．regardless__of 不管，不顧，不理會8．long for 渴望9．at__least 至少10．work__out 找到(解決辦法等)(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容1．He burst into uncontrollable (controllable) laughter at something I'd said.2．Medicines for digestion (digest)are over there; follow me, please.3．You're likely to__feel (feel) anxious and pressured.(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義4．I found it odd that he didn't show up for the meeting, since he's usually very punctual.奇怪的5．By studying hard, you can up the chance of getting a good grade in the exam.增加6．People with high blood pressure should avoid eating saltier food to maintain their health.較咸的(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分1．Six people were killed in the accident, involving a policeman.including2．They're studying the link between the appearance of skin cancer and the use of computer monitors.occurrence3．He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of amazingly white teeth.surprisingly(六)長難句分析Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer.句意：根據一項對西班牙近1，200名乳腺癌女性的研究，與1，300多名未患乳腺癌的女性相比，每推遲一小時吃早餐可能會使你患乳腺癌的風險增加約17%。分析：主干是Eating__breakfast__late__...__breast__cancer__risk；Eating breakfast late是動名詞短語作主語；according to ... 是介詞短語作狀語；compared to ... 是過去分詞短語作狀語。(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子1．The elderly in rural areas often suffer__more__from (更多地遭受……) loneliness and isolation.2．The club welcomes all new members regardless__of (不管) age.(八)仿寫句子Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours.(which引導非限制性定語從句)仿寫：音樂會持續了一整夜，對音樂愛好者來說真是一場盛宴。The_concert, _which_lasted_all_through_the__night,__was__a__real__treat__for__music__lovers.4(共139張PPT)WELCOME UNITUNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE單元主題：人與自我——健康生活方式Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking預習檢測 詞匯打卡自主學習 課文語篇目錄CONTENTS12合作探究 課時重點3對點練習 鞏固所學4課后課時作業(一)5課后課時作業(二)6預習檢測 詞匯打卡一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義1．tobacco n. ____________2．alcohol n. ________3．physical adj. ___________________________4．escalator n. _______________5．pill n. ___________煙草；煙葉酒;酒精身體的;客觀存在的;物理學的自動扶梯；滾梯藥丸;藥片二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞1．______ n. 濫用；虐待；辱罵 vt. 濫用；虐待；辱罵2．_____ n. 提示；暗示；信號 vt. 給(某人)暗示(或提示)3．_______ n. 回報；獎勵；報酬 vt. 獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬4．______ vi. 依賴；依靠；信賴5．________ vt. 促進；促使；使便利6．________ vt. (仔細)檢查；審查；測驗7．______ v. 刪去；刪除abusecuerewardrelyfacilitateexaminedelete三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)1．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有優勢→__________ n. 控制；統治→________ adj. 首要的；顯著的；占優勢的2．repeatedly adv. 重復地→________ adj. 重復的；反復發生的→_______ v. 重復；重說；重做→________ n. 重復，背誦，副本3．psychology n. 心理學；心理；心理影響→____________ adj. 心理的；心理學的→_______________ adv. 心理上地；心理學地→____________ n. 心理學家；心理學研究者dominationdominantrepeatedrepeatrepetitionpsychologicalpsychologicallypsychologist4．negative adj. 消極的；有害的；否定的→__________ adv. 消極地；否定地→_________ n. 否定性；消極性5．pessimistic adj. 悲觀的；悲觀主義的→____________ adv. 悲觀地→_________ n. 悲觀主義者negativelynegativitypessimisticallypessimist四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義discipline 熟義：n. ______________生義：n. 學科 vt. 自我控制；嚴格要求(自己)；管教；處罰五、核心短語：寫出英語表達1．____________ 回答；答復2．_______ 依賴；依靠；信賴3．___________ 立即；馬上4．_________ 決定；選定自制力；紀律in response torely onstraight awaydecide on自主學習 課文語篇As１ teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked２， could lead to more serious ones３ when they become adults. For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which４ can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life５ is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.課文三維剖析１引導__________從句２_________從句的省略，將其補全則是if these bad habits are left unchecked３指代前面提到的_________４引導_______________從句，指代整個主句的內容５動詞不定式短語作______時間狀語HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE健康的生活方式需養成的習慣條件狀語bad habits非限制性定語主語在成長過程中，青少年會變得越來越獨立，并且開始自己做決定。然而，在這一時期，他們中的一部分人容易養成不良習慣。如果任其發展，在他們長大成人后，這些不良習慣可能會導致更為嚴重的有害習慣。例如，有些青少年會沉溺于煙酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康問題。防止此類有害習慣主宰青少年的生活是至關重要的。他們必須學會早早認清不良習慣并作出適當的改變。６動詞不定式短語作_____７過去分詞短語作_________，修飾a famous saying８省略了關系代詞_________的定語從句，修飾先行詞choices９引導______從句，修飾先行詞habit10 引導______從句，說明news的具體內容11 引導__________從句12 引導______從句To change bad habits６ is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle７：“We are what we repeatedly do.” In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made８. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that９ is much harder to change. The good news is that10 we can change, if11 we understand how12 habits work.主語后置定語that/which定語表語條件狀語賓語改變不良習慣從來都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地嘗試。有一條基于亞里士多德哲學思想的著名諺語說道：“重復的行為造就了我們。”從很多方面看，我們的生活方式是我們所作出的選擇的總和。我們選擇做某件事，接著我們反反復復地做這件事。不久之后，這項選擇就變得自然而然，成為一種更加難以改變的習慣。好消息是，如果我們了解習慣是怎么運作的，我們就可以作出改變。13 介詞短語作______14 引導_______________從句，解釋說明先行詞“habit cycle”15 動詞不定式短語作_________16 省略了關系代詞that或which的______從句，修飾先行詞thing or feelingAccording to modern psychology13, we must first learn about the “habit cycle”， which14 works like this：·Firstly, there is a “cue”， an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something15.·Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.·Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine16.狀語非限制性定語后置定語定語根據現代心理學，我們必須首先了解“習慣循環”，其工作原理如下：·第一是“觸發因素”，即一個行動、事件或狀況，充當要做某事的訊號。·第二是“慣常行為”，即你響應觸發因素而采取的常規行動。·第三是“回報”，即我們從慣常行為中獲得的美好事物或感受。17 引導__________從句18 引導_______________從句，解釋說明前面整個主句19 連接兩個__________For example, when17 we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which18 makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and19 the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.例如，當我們感到不高興時(觸發因素)，我們會吃很多不健康零食(慣常行為)，這讓我們感到快樂(回報)。這一回報使我們更有可能繼續這一循環，從而形成了依賴不健康零食這一不良習慣。時間狀語非限制性定語并列句20 動詞不定式短語作________21 介詞短語作_________22 動詞不定式短語作______23 引導_________從句 To facilitate a positive change20 in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas21. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine22 with something more positive. So, when23 we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine),目的狀語方式狀語賓語時間狀語24 引導_____________從句，解釋說明前面整個主句25 引導_________從句26 連接兩個_______which24 will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when25 we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but26 we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.非限制性定語時間狀語并列句想要促使不良習慣朝著積極的方向轉化，我們必須首先審視自己的壞習慣循環，然后盡力去調整。為了做到這一點，我們可以把來自我們不良習慣循環的信息與我們自己的積極想法結合起來。例如，我們可以試著將一個消極的慣常行為替換為一個更積極的東西。因此，當我們再次感到不高興時(觸發因素)，我們可以聽幾首自己最喜愛的音樂(慣常行為)，而不是吃零食，這會使我們感到放松(回報)。除了改變不良習慣之外，我們還可以利用習慣循環來養成良好的習慣。例如，當我們走到電梯前的時候(觸發因素)，我們的慣常行為是乘坐電梯，但是我們可以改為走樓梯，從而將上述慣常行為改變為一個更積極的事情。27 引導_________從句28 動詞不定式作_________29 引導______________從句，指代整個主句的內容30 動詞不定式短語作________Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if27 we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change28 is not suddenly, but over a period of time. As29 the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change30, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.條件狀語后置定語非限制性定語目的狀語我們中很多人試圖迅速改變不良習慣，一旦沒有立刻成功，我們往往變得悲觀，繼而放棄。事實上，改變不良習慣的最佳方法不是一蹴而就，而是需要一段時間。正如中國哲學家老子所說：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步似乎很小，卻至關重要。為了實現改變這一目標，一個人必須展示出一定程度的自制力，不斷地邁出許多小步。畢竟，戒除不良習慣并非易事。31 動詞不定式短語作__________32 引導_____從句，在從句中作_____，that不可省略33 動詞不定式短語作___________For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits31. However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that32 will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits33!后置定語定語主語后置定語對年輕人來說，有大量的時間可以改變不良習慣。然而，能幫助你的“魔力丸”或刪除鍵并不存在；你必須思考自己的不良習慣，選定一些作出改變。你有能力構建一種充滿良好習慣的快樂、健康的生活！(一)課文大意填空閱讀領悟badhabit答案cyclechangegraduallyeasy(二)課文剖析選擇題1．Why are the teenagers easy to form bad habits A．Because they are fond of tobacco or alcohol.B．Because they pay no attention to their health.C．Because they intend to make their parents upset.D．Because they are more independent and have their own ideas.答案2．Why does the author quote Aristotle's words A．To show changing bad habits is never easy.B．To imply we always repeat useless things.C．To tell us our life is only in the control of ourselves.D．To warn us to get ready for the difficulties.答案3．Which of the followings is considered as “reward”？A．You take a walk around the school in the morning.B．You find yourself excited after a talk with your friend.C．You decide to borrow two books from the city library.D．You're willing to volunteer in your community every weekend.答案4．What attitude does the author take to changing bad habits A．Objective. B．Pessimistic.C．Positive. D．Skeptical.答案(三)問題鏈1．What's the benefits of a healthy lifestyle ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Is it easy to get rid of bad habits？Why ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．What should we do to form good habits ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The benefits of a healthy lifestyle include improved physical and mental health, increasedenergy, better sleep, and a lower risk of chronic diseases.No, it’s not easy to get rid of bad habits because they are habitual behaviors that require conscious effort and time to change.答案To form good habits, we should set clear and achievable goals, create a plan, and be consistent with our efforts.合作探究 課時重點探究一 熱詞1.abuse n. 濫用；虐待；辱罵 vt. 濫用；虐待；辱罵(教材P14) abuse of sth 濫用某物 be open to abuse 容易被濫用 alcohol/drug abuse 酗酒/嗜毒 abuse one's privileges/authority/power 濫用某人的特權/權力 abuse one's trust/kindness 辜負了某人的信任/好心①The politician's abuse of power led to his resignation from office.這位政治家濫用職權，導致他辭去了職務。②The government is taking action to combat drug abuse.政府正在采取措施打擊濫用毒品。③She is continually abusing her authority by getting other people to do things for her.她不斷地濫用自己的特權，讓別人為她做事。④He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press.他覺得他們對媒體談論他的情況辜負了他對他們的信任。【學會運用】單句語法填空①I think the system is open ____ abuse.②Mr Smith was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse ____ power.【學會表達】完成句子③有些人濫用權力為自己謀利。Some people ________________ to get profit for themselves.④由于酗酒，他的健康狀況逐年惡化。____________________________, his health is failing year by year.toofabuse their powerBecause of/Due to alcohol abuse2.reward n. 回報；獎勵；報酬 vt. 獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬(教材P14) rewarding adj. 值得的；有益的；有意義的 as a reward (for ...) 作為(對……的)報酬/獎賞 in reward for 作為報答/獎勵 reward sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而獎賞某人 reward sb with sth 用某物回報/獎勵某人①Textbook writing can be an intellectually and financially rewarding activity.編著課本，在知識上和經濟上，是一種值得的行為。②She has been awarded scholarships worth 10，000 yuan as a reward for her good performance.她獲得了價值1萬元的獎學金，作為對其良好表現的獎勵。③She got a lot in reward for her kindness.她的善良得到了很多回報。④He gave the children some chocolate to reward them for behaving well.他給了孩子們一些巧克力，以獎勵他們表現良好。⑤She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.她開始給嬰兒唱歌，嬰兒則報以微笑。(人物描寫)【學會運用】單句語法填空①Many experts advocate rewarding your child _____ good behaviour.②For me, nursing can be a very ___________ (reward) career.③There is no doubt that they will reward you ____ loyalty, friendship and gratitude.【學會表達】完成句子④袁隆平被授予我國最高獎項，以獎勵他對雜交水稻的巨大貢獻。Yuan Longping was given _________________________________________ his great contribution to hybrid rice.⑤她通過考試后，得到了一輛新自行車作為獎勵。She got a new bike ____________________________.forrewardingwiththe highest award of our country in reward foras a reward for passing her exams3.rely vi. 依賴；依靠；信賴 (教材P15) reliable adj. 可信賴的；可依靠的 rely on 依賴；依靠；信賴 rely on doing sth 依靠做某事 rely on sb/sth to do sth 信賴/依靠某人/物做某事 rely on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……①My colleague is very reliable because she always completes her tasks on time.我的同事非常可靠，因為她總是按時完成她的任務。(人物描寫)②I always rely on my friends for support when I'm going through tough times.當我經歷困難時期時，我總是依靠朋友的支持。③From now on, we can rely on getting outside help if things get tough.從現在起，如果情況變得艱難，我們可以依靠外部幫助。④Many working women rely on relatives to help take care of their children.許多職業女性依靠親戚來幫助照顧她們的孩子。 rely on/upon后跟that從句時，常在從句之前加it作形式賓語，有類似用法的動詞(短語)還有： love, like, appreciate, hate, depend on, see to等。【學會運用】 單句語法填空①We had to rely ____ a compass and a lot of luck to get here.②The investigation will rely on ________ (get) information from different resources.③In the future, I won't rely on others ________ (handle) such conditions.【學會表達】 完成句子④在這種困難的情況下，你可以相信我不會讓你失望的。________________________ I will not let you down in this difficult situation.ongettingto handleYou can rely on/upon it that4.examine vt. (仔細)檢查；審查；測驗 vi. 進行檢查(教材P15) examination n. 審查；調查；考查 examine sb/sth for sth 為某事檢查某人/某物 examine sb in/on sth 在某方面考查/測驗某人 examine into ... 對……進行檢查/調查①The proposal requires careful examination and consideration.這項建議需要仔細審查和考慮。②The police will have to examine the weapon for fingerprints.警察必須檢查武器上的指紋。③You are only being examined on this semester's work.現在只考你在本學期學的課程。【學會運用】 單句語法填空①The issue needs further ___________ (examine)．②From time to time I will examine you ________ the work you have done.③Doctors also examine them ____ other medical conditions.【學會表達】 完成句子④警方正在調查事故的原因，以確定責任人。____________________________________________ to determine who is responsible.examinationon/inforThe police are examining into the cause of the accident5．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有優勢→___________ n. 控制；統治→___________ adj. 首要的；顯著的；占優勢的dominationdominantThe dominant culture in the region has long dominated the social landscape, leading to the domination of its values and traditions over minority groups.該地區的主流文化長期以來一直主導著社會格局，導致其價值觀和傳統對少數群體的統治。The teacher repeatedly reminded the students to pay attention, but they continued to repeat the same mistakes, causing the teacher to feel exhausted by the constant repetition.老師反復提醒學生們注意，但他們繼續重復同樣的錯誤，導致老師因不斷重復而感到疲憊。6．repeatedly adv. 重復地→________ adj. 重復的；反復發生的→________ v. 重復；重說；重做→_________ n. 重復，背誦，副本repeatedrepeatrepetition7．psychology n. 心理學；心理；心理影響→_____________ adj. 心理的；心理學的→_______________ adv. 心理上地；心理學地→____________ n. 心理學家；心理學研究者The psychologist analyzed the psychological effects of the situation, explaining how it affected people psychologically.心理學家分析了這種情況的心理影響，解釋了它是如何在心理上影響人們的。psychologicalpsychologicallypsychologist【學會運用】 單句語法填空①I _________ (repeat) reminded her to bring her umbrella, but she forgot again.②As a child, he _____________ (dominate) by his father.【學會表達】 完成句子③她一直是國際藝術界舉足輕重的人物。____________________________ in the international art world.④心理學在理解人們如何相互交往方面起著至關重要的作用。___________________________________________ how people interact with each other.repeatedlywas dominatedShe is always a dominant figurePsychology plays an important role in understanding8 discipline[熟義]n. 自制力；紀律[生義]n. _______ vt. __________________________________________學科自我控制；嚴格要求（自己）；管教；處罰①I don't have enough (self－)discipline to save money.我沒有足夠的自制力去省錢。②There should be tougher discipline in schools.在學校，紀律應該更加嚴明。③We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.我們正在尋找各類學科的人才。④I'm trying to discipline myself to eat less chocolate.我正試圖控制自己少吃巧克力。【學會運用】 同義詞替換①Your assignment will be to choose a discipline that interests you, and devise an experiment.________【學會表達】 完成句子②這所學校因紀律嚴格而聞名。___________________________________________________③從去年開始他規定自己每周至少鍛煉三次。_________________________________________________________________subjectThe school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.Since last year, he has disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.探究二 短語9.in response to 回答；答復(教材P14) response n. 回答，答復；響應，反應 respond v. 回答；響應；作出回應 make a/no response to ... 對……(不)作答復 in response 作為回應 respond to ... 回應/回答……；對……作出反應①In response to the broadcast notice, a nurse came forward.聽到廣播通知后，一名護士走上前來。②He made no response to her angry outburst, choosing to ignore her instead.他對她的憤怒沒有做出任何回應，而是選擇了無視。③In response, they took action to improve the working conditions in the factory and ensure employee welfare.作為回應，他們采取行動改善了工廠的工作條件，并確保員工福利。④Egypt is among the first countries to respond to the Belt and Road Initiative.埃及是最早響應“一帶一路”倡議的國家之一。(新聞報道)【學會運用】 單句語法填空①Teamwork teaches us to be more patient and how to respond ___ different people.②After hearing the unexpected news, she made no ________ (respond) for a long time.③___ response, she quickly corrected her mistake in her work.【學會表達】 完成句子④她對他的問題點了點頭，表示她明白了。___________________________________________________________toresponseShe nodded in response to his question, indicating that she understood.In探究三 長難句分析10.As teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions.(教材P14)在成長過程中，青少年會變得越來越獨立，并且開始自己做決定。【分析】 as在此處為連詞，意為“隨著……”，引導時間狀語從句。as其他相關用法 引導原因狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、方式狀語從句、比較狀語從句及定語從句 引導非限制性定語從句，指代整個主句的內容，意為“正如……” 作介詞，意為“作為……”，常用于構成短語，如work as, serve as, describe ... as ... 等①(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.隨著城市的飛速發展，生活在市區的人們越來越難找到機會接近自然。②As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical matters.因為他是一名合格的醫生，所以我相信他在醫療問題上的建議。③I'll behave toward them as I would like to be treated.我希望別人怎樣對待我，我就會怎樣對待他們。④As you know, Julia is leaving soon.如你所知，茱莉婭很快就要離開了。⑤(2023·全國乙卷)Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.她出生在佛羅倫薩的一個猶太人家庭，后來搬到巴黎，在那里她成為了一名醫生并施行手術。 as引導讓步狀語從句時，只用于倒裝語序結構中，強調的成分置于as前，語氣強于although和though。【學會運用】 單句語法填空①Dark ________ it was, they went out.②The book serves ___ a valuable resource for students studying the subject.【學會表達】 完成句子③他因為將爵士樂傳到英格蘭而為人們所熟知。_______________________________________________________④我知道人們的筆跡隨著年齡的增長而變化。______________________________________________as/thoughasHe is best remembered as the man who brought jazz to England.I know people’s handwriting changes as they get older.對點練習 鞏固所學維度一 高頻詞匯(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文1．________ n. 酒；酒精2．________ n. 心理學；心理；心理影響3．_______ n. 煙草；煙葉4．____ n. 提示；暗示；信號5．___ n. 藥丸；藥片6．____________ 立即；馬上7．__________ 除了……還8．____________ 回答；答復9．_________ 決定；選定10．______ 依賴；依靠；信賴alcoholpsychologytobaccocuepillstraight awayaside fromin response todecide onrely on(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義1．We need to examine how an accident like this can be avoided in the future.______2．She watched his lips carefully and took her cue from him.______3．We should learn to grasp communication skills for they can facilitate mutual understanding.______4．He abused his power to help his son become qualified.______5．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end.______檢查暗示促進濫用回報維度二 語境運用(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容1．He gave his son a model telescope to reward him ____ behaving well.2．The earth won't stop because of your __________ (pessimism) thoughts.3．Although Jack failed in this entrance __________ (examine), he didn't lose heart.4．We need a _______ (rely) source of information to make an informed decision.5．She is studying ___________ (psychological) at university and hopes to become a therapist.forpessimisticexaminationreliablepsychology(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分1．Make sure you inspect the goods before signing for them.________2．They want less passive ways of filling their time.________3．The use of technology improves communication between people from different countries._________4．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness._______5．We shouldn't depend on mobile phones too much._____examinereward, facilitate, rely, examine, negativenegativefacilitatesrewardrely維度三 能力提升(五)長難句分析(2023·全國乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.句意：我經常早早離開，去尋找合適的目的地，這樣我就可以早些準備好，避免錯過我想要拍攝的瞬間。分析：句子主干是________________，為“主謂賓”結構。to seek the right destinations是動詞不定式短語作________，so引導_________從句，avoid doing sth為固定搭配，意為“____________”，I am attempting to photograph是省略了that/which的_____從句，修飾先行詞____________。I often leave early目的狀語結果狀語避免做某事定語the moment(六)句型轉換1．When it is seen from a distance, to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.(“連詞＋分詞”結構)→_______________________， to tell the truth, the scenery appears more beautiful.2．We all know that the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.(用as改寫)→________________， the main purpose of school education is to have students in preparation for their future.When seen from a distanceAs is known to all維度四 素養提升(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子1．He has already been sentenced to six years in jail for ____________ (濫用職權)．2．After much consideration, we __________ (決定) holding the meeting in the conference room.3．He chuckled _____________ (作為對……的答復) her question.(八)翻譯1．我們應該相信一切都會順利的。(rely on it that ...)__________________________________________2．他因他的發現而獲得一枚獎章。(reward n．)__________________________________________abuse of powerdecided onin response toWe should rely on it that everything will go well.He received a medal in reward for his findings.課后課時作業（一）較易題(占比70%) 中檔題(占比30%) 拔高題(占比0%)題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ難度 ★★ ★ ★Ⅰ 完形填空(2024·江西省吉安市多校聯考高二下月考)Returning home from my university on a hot day, I longed for a cold sugary drink. I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa and __2__ playing with my mobile phone. That was where I __3__ an ad for some burgers and fries. I decided to order because I was __4__ and needed some __5__ to finish my to do list for the day.I didn't know at that point that eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier—and __6__ my whole life in a harmful way.I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18, to __7__ my education. It was my first time living without my family and __8__ myself independently. I was out of my comfort zone and felt __9__. There were so many things to do, so I paid little attention to my __10__ because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and __11__ thing to do.About 4 weeks after moving away from home, I continued __12__ whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly that I could __13__ walk. My doctor told me it was the __14__ of all the unhealthy food I had been eating. He suggested I make an effort to eat a healthy and __15__ diet that gave me all the right nutrients.篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者不注意飲食，最后導致胃疼，不得不去看醫生。通過這件事，作者意識到健康飲食的重要性。篇章導讀1．A.buy B．grabC．fancy D．hide2．A.practiced B．forgotC．started D．missed解析： buy 買；grab 取，拿；fancy 想要；hide 隱藏。根據前文的“I longed for a cold sugary drink”可知，作者很想喝冷飲，所以沖到冰箱前去拿。故選B。解析：practice 練習；forget 忘記；start 開始；miss 錯過。根據前文的“I rushed to the fridge to __1__ one, sat on my sofa”和后文的“playing with my mobile phone”可知，作者拿了冷飲后，坐在沙發上開始玩手機。故選C。答案解析3．A.saw B．wroteC．ignored D．sent解析：see 看見；write 寫；ignore 忽略；send 發送。根據后文的“an ad for some burgers and fries”可知，作者看到了漢堡和薯條的廣告。故選A。答案解析4．A.thirsty B．hungryC．proud D．sad解析：thirsty 口渴的；hungry 饑餓的；proud 驕傲的；sad 傷心的。根據前文的“That was ... decided to order”可知，作者看到了漢堡和薯條的廣告，決定點餐，因為作者覺得自己餓了。故選B。5．A.time B．adviceC．energy D．peace解析： time 時間；advice 建議；energy 能量；peace 和平。根據前文的“I decided to order”和后文的“to finish my to do list for the day”可知，作者需要一些能量來完成當天的任務清單。故選C。答案解析6．A.share B．escapeC．waste D．affect解析：根據前文的“eating this type of highly processed food would make me feel lazier, sleepier”可知，這種高度加工的食物會讓作者感覺更懶、更困，所以這種高度加工的食物以一種有害的方式影響作者的整個生活。故選D。7．A.support B．continueC．quit D．introduce解析： support 支持；continue 繼續；quit 退出；introduce 介紹。根據前文的“I had moved away from home in 2021, when I was 18”和后文的“my education”可知，作者離開家是為了繼續學業。故選B。答案解析8．A.competing with B．searching forC．watching over D．looking after解析： compete with 與……競爭；search for 尋找；watch over 監視；look after 照顧。根據前文的“living without my family”和后文的“myself independently”可知，作者離開家人獨自生活，獨自照顧自己。故選D。9．A.stressed B．excitedC．relieved D．ashamed解析： stressed 焦慮的，緊張的；excited 興奮的；relieved 放心的；ashamed 慚愧的。根據前文的“I was out of my comfort zone”可知，作者離開了自己的舒適區，所以感到壓力很大。故選A。答案解析10．A.study B．dietC．family D．weight解析： study 研究；diet 飲食；family 家庭；weight 重量。根據后文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest”可知，作者很少注意自己的飲食。故選B。11．A.cheapest B．newestC．easiest D．safest解析：根據前文的“because eating highly processed food seemed the quickest and”可知，吃高度加工的食物似乎是最快和最容易的事情。故選C。答案解析12．A.finishing B．helpingC．playing D．eating解析：根據后文的“whatever I wanted, until one day my stomach hurt so badly”可知，作者沒有注意飲食，繼續吃想吃的東西，所以導致胃疼得厲害。故選D。13．A.barely B．immediatelyC．eventually D．patiently解析： barely 幾乎不；immediately 立即；eventually 最終；patiently 耐心地。根據前文的“my stomach hurt so badly”和后文的“walk”可知，作者胃疼得厲害，幾乎不能走路。故選A。答案解析14．A.experience B．reasonC．result D．chance解析： experience 經驗；經歷；reason 原因；result 結果；chance 機會。根據后文的“of all the unhealthy food I had been eating”可知，胃疼得厲害是因為作者一直吃不健康食物的結果。故選C。15．A.poor B．freeC．limited D．balanced解析： poor 貧窮的；差的；free 自由的；limited 有限的；balanced 平衡的。根據后文的“diet that gave me all the right nutrients”可知，能給作者營養的是健康均衡的飲食。故選D。答案解析Ⅱ 閱讀(2024·寧夏回族自治區吳忠市高二下期中)We are what we eat. From high calorie meals to low fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. We all know about the benefits of eating properly for our physical health, but food—and cooking it—is proving to be good for our mental well being as well.Some people are now advocating the therapy value of cooking food. It's not just about the end result but the experience we go through. Dr Mark Salter told BBC: “Baking and cooking are good therapies that help develop planning skills, short term memory and social skills—all of which suffer in mental illness.”TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. “Baking has always been about therapy. It's never really been about the__cake，” she said. And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization and mental health.Certainly, creating delicious food has helped take our mind off things and given us something to do. People have said that preparing dough to make bread, for example, has given them a sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like cooking, makes us feel happier. Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our biology, behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of food, and nurturing people through food, so I think that's where it brings us an opportunity for immediate positive emotions”．Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right frame of mind.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了烹飪食物對我們的精神健康有好處。篇章導讀1．What does Dr Mark Salter talk about A．The therapy value of cooking.B．The enjoyment of cooking.C．The types of mental disease.D．The physical benefits of food.解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的Dr Mark Salter (馬克·索爾特博士)所說的話“Baking and cooking ... in mental illness.(烘焙和烹飪是很好的治療方法，有助于培養計劃能力、短期記憶力和社交能力——這些都會影響精神疾病。)”可知，Mark Salter博士討論了烹飪的治療價值。故選A。答案解析2．What do the underlined words “the cake” refer to in Paragraph 3 A．Food quality. B．The end result.C．The TV show. D．The champion.解析：指代判斷題。根據畫線部分下文“And she thinks ... and mental health.”可知，Nadiya Hussain (納迪亞·侯賽因)認為烘焙是重要工具，所以重要的并不是最后的結果，由此可推知，畫線部分指“最后的結果”。故選B。答案解析3．What does Nicole Farmer mean about cooking A．It is a sociable activity.B．It gives us delicious food.C．It is the process of creation.D．It results in a pleasant feeling.解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中Nicole Farmer (妮可·法默)所說的“cooking represents the ... positive emotions (烹飪代表了人類對食物的共同體驗，并通過食物滋養人，所以我認為這給我們帶來了一個立即產生積極情緒的機會)”可知，Nicole Farmer認為烹飪帶來一種愉快的感覺。故選D。答案解析4．What is the text mainly about A．Cooking benefiting mental health.B．Different opinions on cooking.C．Benefits of food for physical health.D．An author's cooking experience.解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段中的“We all know about the benefits ... our mental well being as well.”及下文不同專業的人對此進行的論述可知，文章主要介紹了烹飪有益于心理健康。故選A。答案解析Ⅲ 語法填空(2024·四川省安寧河聯盟高二下期中)As a student in Pakistan, it had always been my dream __1__ (come) to China and immerse myself in its culture and events.In 2022, my dream finally came true. I arrived in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan Province, to study at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.Chengdu, with its exquisite cuisine and rich history, attracted me from the moment I set foot in the city. __2__ (situate) in the heart of Sichuan, Chengdu spreads out over the rich Chengdu Plain and is home to the ancient Dujiangyan irrigation system. It owes its __3__ (survive) to the mighty Minjiang River.Over the past more than a year, I __4__ (have) the incredible opportunity to explore this magnificent city and witness its significant events firsthand. During one vacation, I had the pleasure of __5__ (visit) the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, an absolute must see attraction in the city. This visit introduced me to __6__ whole new world. The base serves __7__ a place for public education and tourism, offering interactive activities that allow people to connect with these magnificent __8__ (creature).My journey in Chengdu has just begun. With each passing day, I become more thankful for many chances __9__ invite me, promising to deepen __10__ (I) understanding of China and create lifelong memories.1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________ 6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者作為巴基斯坦學生在成都生活的經歷。篇章導讀1．答案：to come解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處為“it be＋n.＋to do sth”句型，不定式為真正的主語。故填to come。答案解析2．答案：Situated解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處situate與主句主語Chengdu之間構成被動關系，應用過去分詞作狀語，句首單詞首字母應大寫。故填Situated。3．答案：survival解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處作動詞owes的賓語，應用不可數名詞survival。故填survival。4．答案：have had解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據上文Over the past more than a year可知，設空處應用現在完成時，主語為I，助動詞應用have。故填have had。答案解析5．答案：visiting解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處作介詞of的賓語，應用動名詞。故填visiting。6．答案：a解析：考查冠詞。此處泛指一個全新的世界，應用不定冠詞修飾，且whole的發音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。7．答案：as解析：考查介詞。此處指該基地作為公共教育和旅游場所。serve as表示“作為”。故填as。答案解析8．答案：creatures解析：考查名詞。creature為可數名詞，根據上文these可知，應用復數。故填creatures。答案解析9．答案：that/which解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，修飾先行詞chances，在從句中作主語，指物。故填that/which。10．答案：my解析：考查代詞。修飾名詞understanding，應用形容詞性物主代詞。故填my。(2024·山東省臨沂市高二下期中)Despite the fact that burgers, chips and fries are known as some of the most unhealthy food we can eat, they are still the most popular food.There are a few reasons behind that. First, junk food is generally easy to get and take with you. This convenience is a major draw for many, especially people who are always on the go. Restaurants like McDonald's and KFC can be found outside many schools and workplaces, providing meals in under a minute.精深閱讀Secondly, junk food contains a lot of added sugar and fat. This kind of food causes our brain to send out certain chemicals, which produce the feeling of relaxation, pleasure and enjoyment. That’s why such food is called “comfort food”．Thirdly, our ancestors didn't have such easy access to the huge variety of food we come across every day. They didn't have the convenience of having food as easily as we do. So they made it a habit to eat as much as they could to survive and protect themselves from the hard natural conditions. The cave mentality is passed down to us, which makes us believe that we can never have enough food that is high in sugar and fat, no matter how crazily we eat.Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代謝). Additionally, it is also found to increase hunger. That's the reason why when we're thinking about unpleasant things, we prefer foods that are high in sugar, fat and carbohydrate, that is to say unhealthy food.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受歡迎的幾個原因。篇章導讀1．Why are McDonald's and KFC mentioned A．To show they take up the best site.B．To show they provide good service.C．To show they are famous for their taste.D．To show they make junk food easy to get.解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“First, junk food ... under a minute. (首先，垃圾食品通常很容易買到并隨身攜帶。這種便利性是吸引許多人的主要原因，尤其是那些總是忙碌的人。像麥當勞和肯德基這樣的餐廳可以在許多學校和工作場所外找到，在一分鐘內就能提供飯菜。)”可推知，提到麥當勞和肯德基是為了表明它們使垃圾食品很容易買到。故選D。答案解析2．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 4 A．We need all kinds of food.B．Our ancestors lived a hard life.C．We are born to eat more than we need.D．It is difficult for us to change our habits.解析：段落大意題。根據第四段中的“So they made ... no matter how crazily we eat. (因此，他們養成了盡可能多吃的習慣，以生存并保護自己免受惡劣的自然條件的影響。洞穴心態傳給了我們，這讓我們相信，無論我們吃得多么瘋狂，我們永遠都不可能有足夠的高糖高脂的食物。)”可知，第四段告訴我們，我們生來就吃得比我們需要的多。故選C。答案解析3．What is a cause of the increase of sugar content in our body A．Too much stress.B．A wish for food.C．A fast metabolic rate.D．Not having enough energy.解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Besides, when we are ... in the blood (此外，當我們過于擔心或疲勞而無法放松時，我們的身體會產生皮質醇，這會增加血液中的含糖量)”可知，壓力太大導致我們體內的含糖量增加。故選A。答案解析4．What is the text mainly about A．How harmful junk food is.B．Why fast food is so delicious.C．How we can develop a healthy lifestyle.D．Why we love unhealthy food so much.解析：主旨大意題。文章主要分析了垃圾食品不健康但是仍然很受歡迎的幾個原因，即為什么我們這么喜歡不健康的食物。故選D。答案解析精深閱讀——好詞句小練(一)熱詞1．_______ n. 漢堡包2． _________ adv. 一般地；通常3．relaxation n. ____________4． ________ n. 祖先；祖宗5．survive v. ___________burgergenerally放松，消遣ancestor生存；存活(二)高頻短語6．on the go __________________7．send out ___________8．______________ 有接近/近入……的機會/權利9．___________ 偶然發現；偶然遇見10．__________________ 保護自己免受……忙忙碌碌；活躍的發出；散發have access tocome acrossprotect oneself from(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容1．Diet and __________ (relax) are two important keys to good health.2．Volunteers practice English ______ (crazy) while waiting in line for breakfast.3．Our apartment is small, and has the ______ (add) disadvantage of facing west.(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義4．I like going to the gym. Additionally, it helps me stay healthy and fit._____5．She is currently one of the biggest draws on the Irish music scene. ___________6．People should eat less fat to reduce the risk of heart disease._________relaxationcrazilyadded此外有吸引力的人脂肪；肥肉(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分aid， worry， enjoyment1．He didn't seem in the least concerned for her safety.________2．It gives me great pleasure to introduce our guest speaker. ____________3．The new test should assist in the early detection of the disease. ____worriedenjoymentaid(六)長難句分析Besides, when we are too worried and tired to relax, our body produces cortisol, which increases the sugar content in the blood, so it can be used as energy to aid in fat and carbohydrate metabolism (碳水化合物代謝)．句意：此外，當我們過于擔心和疲勞而無法放松時，我們的身體會產生皮質醇，這會增加血液中的含糖量，因此它可以作為能量來幫助脂肪和碳水化合物的代謝。分析：主干是______________________________________________；when引導__________從句；which 引導_______________從句，解釋說明先行詞cortisol；so連接兩個________。our body produces cortisol, so it can be used as energy時間狀語非限制性定語并列句(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子1．They huddled together to _____________________________ (保護自己免受風吹)．2．I ____________ (偶然發現) some of my photos in the drawer of my father's desk this morning.(八)仿寫句子That's why such food is called “comfort food”．(表語從句)仿寫：這個地方不是過去的樣子了。______________________________protect themselves from the windcame acrossThis place isn’t what it used to be.課后課時作業（二）較易題(占比30%) 中檔題(占比40%) 拔高題(占比30%)題號 Ⅰ ⅡA B 難度 ★ ★★ ★★★Ⅰ 閱讀A(2024·浙江省舟山中學高二下月考)Healthy eating and staying fit can be difficult. You may want to eat tasty food that is easy to prepare. You may be inspired to exercise and stay in shape. The good news is that there are apps to help you.PaprikaPaprika is an app to help users plan meals, shop and cook. You can save recipes from websites and from other apps to Paprika. The app can help keep track of the foods you have in your home so when you go shopping, you know what you need to buy.MealBoardMealBoard is another app that can suggest recipes and help you plan meals. This app can suggest recipes based on the food you already have in your home. MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy. This app can scan bar codes to add items to your list. Using this app, you can also note the expiration dates (失效期), so you know when your food is no longer usable. MealBoard lets users save recipes from websites and then search them by foods used in the recipes. For example, you can search for recipes that have “chocolate” in them.IEatWellThe IEatWell app supports healthy eating by giving users rewards for eating the right foods. If you like earning rewards for meeting your goals, IEatWell may work well for you. Instead of measuring how much you eat. IEatWell measures how well you eat. Tell the app what you are eating for your meal. You can even add a photo. The app will rate how healthy your meal is, and then give you a reward if you are eating well.篇章導讀：本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了幾個幫助人們健康飲食以及保持健康的實用應用程序。篇章導讀1．What do the apps Paprika and MealBoard have in common A．They can scan bar codes.B．They can let you know what you need to buy.C．They can keep a record of the meals you eat outside.D．They can tell if the food has passed the expiration dates.解析：細節理解題。根據Paprika部分中的“The app ... need to buy.”和MealBoard部分中的“MealBoard can keep a list of what food you have and what you need to buy.”可知，這兩個應用程序的共同點是它們能讓你知道需要買什么。故選B。答案解析2．If you eat a healthy diet, IEatWell can ________．A．give you a pictureB．give you a rewardC．provide you with recipesD．measure how much you eat解析：細節理解題。根據IEatWell部分中的“The app will ... you are eating well.”可知，如果你吃得健康，IEatWell會給你一個獎勵。故選B。答案解析3．Where is the text probably taken from A．A science report. B．A cooking recipe.C．A health blog. D．A medical journal.解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“The good news is that there are apps to help you.”及文中三個小標題可知，本文主要介紹了幾個幫助人們健康飲食以及保持健康的實用應用程序。由此可推知，這篇文章可能來自一個健康博客。故選C。答案解析B(2024·吉林省長春外國語學校高二下月考)The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonlyused to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了食物對人類健康的影響，指出不良的飲食會致癌，特別是現在食品中的添加劑。篇章導讀4．How has science done something harmful to mankind A．Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food have been virtually eliminated.B．It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.C．Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.D．The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“In 1945 ... caused cancer. (1945年，政府研究人員意識到通常用于肉類保色的硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑會致癌。)”可知，由于科學的應用，一些有潛在危害的物質被添加到了食物中。故選C。答案解析5．The underlined word “carcinogenic” in Paragraph 2 most nearly means “________”．A．trouble making B．color retainingC．money making D．cancer causing解析：詞義猜測題。根據第二段中的“government researchers realized ... caused cancer”可知，研究者發現硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑會致癌；結合畫線詞前表示轉折意義的Yet可知，此處是指“這些致癌的添加劑現在仍然存在于我們的食物中”，由此可推知，畫線詞意為“致癌的”。故選D。答案解析6．What can we know according to the passage A．Drugs are always given to animals not only for medical reasons but also for financial reasons.B．The additives in our food are only added to the food itself.C．Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives recently.D．Food may cause eighty percent of cancer in the world.解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Sometimes similar drugs ... for financial reasons.”可知，給動物服用藥物并不總是出于醫療目的，也出于經濟原因。故選A。答案解析7．What is the best possible title of the passage A．Drug and Food B．Cancer and HealthC．Food and Health D．Health and Drug解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了食物對人類健康的影響，指出不良的飲食會致癌，特別是現在食品中的添加劑。因此C項(食物和健康)最適合作為文章標題。故選C。答案解析Ⅱ 讀后續寫閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。(2024·福建省福州市延安中學高二上期末)Though I eat an apple almost every day, one month ago my doctor came to my house standing in front of me, not being kept away, due to my sudden illness.“Well Jian, I think I need to have a strong talk with you. You are overweight. Have you ever heard about Body Mass Index (指數), BMI Well, I've weighed you and measured your height and you have a BMI of 28. That is obese (肥胖的)，” said the doctor.I knew I was a little bit overweight but I didn’t think it was that bad. He added that my name means healthy in Chinese and he thought it is time that I should become healthy. There is a direct link between my health and sport. So he asked me, “How much sport do you do every week？”I told him that I go for a walk every weekend. Then he replied, “Hmm, that's not a lot. Sport and health go together. It affects your mental, physical and emotional health. For example, sport can improve your mental health, allowing your brain to think better and focus. It will help you to learn more easily. Is that clear, Jian？”“I think so. I know it would be good to be able to concentrate better at school.” I said.The doctor explained that to me from a physical point of view, sport makes us tired so it helps us to sleep better. At the same time, sport burns off the calories that we have consumed. It builds muscle and improves our circulation. Sport helps to control our cholesterol count (膽固醇指標) and this is important to stop us having a heart attack. Additionally, it also keeps our blood pressure normal and strengthens our bones.注意：1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。The doctor's words left me lost in thought.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因為超重，身體健康出現了問題，在聽從了醫生的建議后，作者改變自己的生活方式了嗎？作者加入團隊運動后，有什么收獲？寫前導讀[精彩范文]The doctor's words left me lost in thought. I realized that I needed to take my health more seriously and make some changes to my lifestyle. I started to look into different sports and exercises that I could do to improve my health. I also began to pay more attention to my diet, cutting out unhealthy foods and replacing them with healthier alternatives. I knew that it wouldn't be easy, but I was determined to make a change.答案“Exercising alone is hard. Why not try some team sports？” the doctor suggested. I thought about it for a moment and realized that he was right. I had always been hesitant to join a sports team, but I decided to give it a try. I joined a local soccer team and was surprised at how much I enjoyed it. Not only was I getting the exercise that I needed, but I was also making new friends and having fun in the process. I started to look forward to our weekly practices and games, and I could feel myself getting stronger and healthier with each passing week. Thanks to my doctor's advice, I had found a new way to improve my health and my life.答案精深閱讀(2024·湖北省宜荊荊隨恩高二下月考)You may have read that light coming into your eyes sets the body's clock. Similarly, food changes the clocks in tissues in your liver, muscles, and fat. Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours. That meant we didn't eat for 12 hours a day. Sticking to that plan may help you stay healthier as well as thinner. However, it's a surprisingly bad idea to ignore breakfast, eat lunch or dinner late, eat a big bedtime snack, or eat in the middle of the night.In a study with 776 participants, people who ignored breakfast were 80 percent more likely to have obesity. People who ate lunch after 12：30 (or dinner after 21：00) were 60 percent more likely to have those extra pounds. That was true for both men and women at different ages and regardless of other factors that affect weight including your diet and exercise habits.Odd hours seem to contribute to uncontrollable eating. When you eat late at night, you tend to eat more. Perhaps driven by hormone increases, we long for sweeter, saltier food at night, research suggests. In one study, night eaters ate about 300 more calories each day.“Eating late in the day aggravates reflux, writes Jamie A．Koufman, who specializes in voice disorders and acid reflux (胃酸倒流). Many of my patients find that eating late makes them suffer more from their allergies and diabetes symptoms，” he says. “Give your stomach at least three hours to digest before sleeping，” advises Jonathan Aviv, another specialist in acid reflux.Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer. If you eat late at night, another research suggests, you may up the chance of breast cancer occurrence. While researchers work out the details of how our body clocks affect digestion and their downstream effects, one point is clear: Early is better.篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了太晚吃東西對身體的危害，并通過相關研究結果加以佐證。篇章導讀1．What can be learned from the first paragraph A．Not eating for a half day may do good to your health.B．What you eat makes no difference to your clocks.C．Eating late may be more harmful than ignoring breakfast.D．People gain weight because of their diet and exercise habits.解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Human beings developed ... as well as thinner. (人類進化到只在白天進食，白天持續12個小時。那意味著我們一天中有12個小時不吃東西。堅持這個計劃可以幫助你保持健康和苗條。)”可推知，半天不吃東西可能對你的健康有好處。故選A。答案解析2．What does the underlined word “aggravates” probably mean A．Comforts. B．Worsens.C．Weakens. D．Improves.解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞后文“Many of my patients ... diabetes symptoms (我的許多病人發現，吃得晚會讓他們更容易出現過敏和糖尿病癥狀)”可知，此處是介紹吃得晚的壞處。由此可推知，畫線詞所在處指吃得晚會讓胃酸反流惡化，畫線詞意為“使惡化”。故選B。答案解析3．How is the result found in the text A．By concluding from some researches concerning eating habits.B．By summarizing the data from only one survey.C．By comparing the studies about the eating disorder.D．By experimenting on people of different ages.解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“In a study ... extra pounds.”、第三段中的“In one study ... each day.”以及最后一段中的“Eating breakfast late ... develop breast cancer.”可知，這些有關飲食習慣的研究都表明吃得晚對健康有害，由此可推知，文章的結論是在總結這些研究的基礎上得出來的。故選A。答案解析4．Which of the following is the best title for the text A．Ignore Breakfast to Lose WeightB．Night Eaters Are Much HealthierC．Eating More Damages Body ClockD．Eating Late Is Really Bad for You解析：標題判斷題。文章主要說明了太晚吃東西對身體的危害，并通過相關研究結果加以佐證。D項(吃得晚真的對你不好)最適合作為文章標題。故選D。答案解析精深閱讀——好詞句小練(一)熱詞1．_________ adv. 同樣；類似地2．obesity n. _______3．______ adj. 額外的4．hormone n. ______________5．__________ v. 專門從事；專攻similarly肥胖癥extra荷爾蒙；激素specialize(二)高頻短語6．_______ 堅持7．______________ 不管，不顧，不理會8．long for ______9．_______ 至少10．_________ 找到(解決辦法等)stick toregardless of渴望at leastwork out(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容1．He burst into ____________ (controllable) laughter at something I'd said.2．Medicines for ________ (digest)are over there; follow me, please.3．You're likely _________ (feel) anxious and pressured.uncontrollabledigestionto feel(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義4．I found it odd that he didn't show up for the meeting, since he's usually very punctual.________5．By studying hard, you can up the chance of getting a good grade in the exam. _____6．People with high blood pressure should avoid eating saltier food to maintain their health. ________奇怪的增加較咸的(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分surprise， include， occur1．Six people were killed in the accident, involving a policeman.__________2．They're studying the link between the appearance of skin cancer and the use of computer monitors. __________3．He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of amazingly white teeth. __________includingoccurrencesurprisingly(六)長難句分析Eating breakfast late may also increase your breast cancer risk by about 17 percent for every hour you delay, according to a study of nearly 1，200 women with breast cancer in Spain, compared to more than 1，300 women who didn't develop breast cancer.句意：根據一項對西班牙近1，200名乳腺癌女性的研究，與1，300多名未患乳腺癌的女性相比，每推遲一小時吃早餐可能會使你患乳腺癌的風險增加約17%。分析：主干是_________________________________；Eating breakfast late是動名詞短語作______；according to ... 是介詞短語作______；compared to ... 是過去分詞短語作______。Eating breakfast late ... breast cancer risk主語狀語狀語(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子1．The elderly in rural areas often ______________ (更多地遭受……) loneliness and isolation.2．The club welcomes all new members ___________ (不管) age.(八)仿寫句子Human beings developed to eat only during daylight, which lasted 12 hours.(which引導非限制性定語從句)仿寫：音樂會持續了一整夜，對音樂愛好者來說真是一場盛宴。__________________________________________________________________suffer more fromregardless ofThe concert, which lasted all through the night, was a real treat for music lovers. 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源列表 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking.docx Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking.pptx 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫
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