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英語 選擇性必修 第三冊[RJ]
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
一、構詞法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含義 例詞
dis 分離；分開；否定 disturb,__disagree, disrupt, distract, disgust
de 分離；破壞；向下；加強 delete,__decide, devastate, delight, derive
ical 與……有關的 physical,__medical, economical, typical, practical
ate 做某事；……的狀態(tài)；性質；特性 dominate,__facilitate, private, celebrate, graduate
二、habit相關搭配
1．eating habits 飲食習慣
2．make/form a habit 養(yǎng)成習慣
3．break/kick the habit 改掉/戒除(不良的)習慣
4．out of habit 出于習慣
5．consumption habits 消費習慣
6．personal habits 個人習慣
7．living habits 生活習慣
8．good/bad habits 好/壞習慣
——Discover useful structures——
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．beard n. 胡須；絡腮胡子
2．cigarette n. 香煙；卷煙
3．drug n. 毒品；藥物
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．compose vt.& vi. 組成；作曲；撰寫
2．shave vi., vt.& n. 剃(須發(fā))；刮臉
3．disturb vt. 打擾；攪亂；使煩惱
4．skip vt. 跳過；不參加；悄悄溜走　vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳繩　n. 蹦跳
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．surgeon n. 外科醫(yī)生→surgery n. 外科手術；外科學→surgical adj. 外科的；外科手術的→surgically adv. 外科手術上；如外科手術般地
2．liberation n. 解放；擺脫→liberate vt. 解放；使自由→liberator n. 解放者；解救者
3．specialist n. 專科醫(yī)生，專家→special n. 特別活動；特價　adj. 特殊的；特別的→specialism n. 專門研究；專業(yè)化→speciality n. 專長，專業(yè)→specialize v. 專門從事；專攻
4．consultant n. 顧問，高級顧問醫(yī)師→consult v. 向……請教；咨詢→consultancy n．咨詢；咨詢公司；專家咨詢→consultation n. 咨詢；商討；協(xié)商會→consultative adj. 咨詢的；顧問的
四、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1．make__up__one's__mind下定決心
2．be__composed__of 由……組成(或構成)的
3．shave__off 剃掉；刮去
完成填空并寫出所填詞在句中的語法作用
1．It calls for hard work to__succeed (succeed)．動詞不定式作主語
2．To__speak (speak) English fluently is a goal that many students strive for.動詞不定式作主語
3．It was impossible for them to__complete (complete) the task in such a short time.動詞不定式作主語
4．What to__do (do) in an emergency situation is covered in the safety training.疑問詞＋動詞不定式作主語
5．It is our duty to__respect (respect) and care for the elderly in our society.動詞不定式作主語
6．It took him half a day to__decide (decide) what to wear for the special occasion.動詞不定式作主語
探究一　熱詞
1.compose vt.& vi. 組成；作曲；撰寫(教材P16)
composer n. (尤指古典音樂的)創(chuàng)作者；作曲家 composition n. [C]作品；作文 [U]成分；作曲；創(chuàng)作；構圖 be composed of＝consist of＝be made up of 由……組成/構成 compose for 為……作曲
①A resident tried to test ChatGPT's capability to compose a Chinese news report.
一位居民試圖測試ChatGPT撰寫中文新聞報道的能力。
②Martin starts by lightly sketching the composition for his paintings.
馬丁首先為自己的畫作輕輕地勾勒出構圖。
③The committee is composed of MPs, doctors, academics and members of the public.
該委員會由國會議員、醫(yī)生、學者和公眾組成。
④Over the next two years, the composer was hired to compose for popular Chinese singers.
在后來的兩年里，這位作曲家受聘為一些流行華語歌手作曲。
單句語法填空
①He is working on a new piece of music composed for the symphony orchestra.
②Beethoven is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers (compose) of all time.
③The writer's unique style of composition (compose) makes his books stand out from the rest.
翻譯
④這座雕塑由幾種不同的材料組成，包括石頭和金屬。
The__sculpture__is__composed__of__several__different__materials,__including__stone__and__metal.
2.disturb vt. 打擾；攪亂；使煩惱(教材P17)
disturbance n. (受)打擾，干擾 disturbing adj. 引起煩惱的；令人不安的 disturbed adj. 煩惱的；不安的 be disturbed to do sth 對做某事感到困擾 to one's disturbance 令某人心神不安的是
①The building work is creating constant noise, dust and disturbance.
建筑施工不斷制造噪音、灰塵和干擾。
②The movie contained some disturbing scenes.
這部電影包含了一些令人不安的場景。
③I was disturbed to learn that my friend had been involved in a serious accident.
得知我的朋友遭遇了一場嚴重的事故，我感到非常不安。(心理描寫)
④To his disturbance, his project was rejected by the funding committee.
令他感到不安的是，他的項目被基金委員會拒絕了。
單句語法填空
①It was disturbing (disturb) and frightening that the robot looked so human.
②The noise made by cars disturbs (disturb) the residents living on both sides of the streets all day and night.
③She was in a disturbed (disturb) state of mind.
完成句子
④他意識到自己上班忘記帶手機，這讓他感到不安。
To__his__disturbance,__he realized that he had forgotten to bring his phone to work.
3．liberation n. 解放；擺脫→liberate vt. 解放；使自由→liberator n. 解放者；解救者
The celebration of Liberation Day honored the brave liberators who sacrificed so much to liberate their homeland.
解放日的慶祝活動向為解放祖國而英勇獻身的解放者致敬。
4．specialist n. 專科醫(yī)生，專家→special n. 特別活動；特價　adj. 特殊的；特別的→specialism n. 專門研究；專業(yè)化→speciality n. 專長，專業(yè)→specialize v. 專門從事；專攻
The doctor is a heart specialist who specializes in treating heart diseases.
這位醫(yī)生是一位專門治療心臟病的專家。
5．consultant n. 顧問，高級顧問醫(yī)師→consult v. 向……請教；咨詢→consultancy n. 咨詢；咨詢公司；專家咨詢→consultation n. 咨詢；商討；協(xié)商會→consultative adj. 咨詢的；顧問的
The company hired a marketing consultant to provide consultative advice on their new advertising campaign.
該公司聘請了一名營銷顧問為他們新的廣告活動提供咨詢意見。
單句語法填空
①The IT consultant (consult) advised us on the best software to use for our business needs.
②I enjoy working in general medicine, but I hope to be able to specialize (specialist) in the future.
翻譯
③寫詩使她從日常生活的例行公事中解脫出來。
Writing__poetry__liberated__her__from__the__routine__of__everyday__life.
④歷史專家是研究特殊歷史事件的專家。
The__history__specialist__is__an__expert__in__studying__special__historical__events.
探究二　短語
6.make up one's mind 下定決心(教材P16)
mind n. 頭腦；思考能力　v. 苦惱；介意 make up one's mind to do sth 下定決心做某事 change one's mind 改變主意 have/keep/bear ... in mind 將……記在心里 mind doing sth 介意做某事 mind one's own business 少管閑事 never mind 沒關系
①After careful consideration, I have finally made up my mind to pursue a career in medicine.
經(jīng)過深思熟慮，我終于下定決心從事醫(yī)學事業(yè)。(職業(yè)規(guī)劃)
②It was no easy matter getting him to change his mind.
讓他改變主意可不是件容易的事。
③When planning your trip, bear in mind the local weather conditions.
在計劃旅行時，請考慮當?shù)氐奶鞖鉅顩r。
④I wouldn't mind trading places with her for a day.
我不介意和她調(diào)換一天位置。
單句語法填空
①Would you mind telling (tell) me what sort of car that is
②Keep the people in mind and place hopes on them.
翻譯
③他們在最后一刻改變主意，拒絕前往。
They__changed__their__minds__at__the__last__moment__and__refused__to__go.
探究三　長難句分析
7.If successful, we will feel a sense of reward and our bad habit may disappear.(教材P16) 如果成功了，我們會有回報感，我們的壞習慣可能會消失。
【分析】　If successful為if引導的省略結構，補充完整為If it is successful。
if引導的省略結構 if＋形容詞：在if與形容詞之間省略了“主語＋be動詞的適當形式”。固定搭配有：if necessary, if possible等 if＋過去分詞：在if與過去分詞之間省略了主語和助動詞be if＋代詞：這類省略通常要根據(jù)具體的上下文來理解。固定結構有： if anyone; if any; if anything等 if＋介詞短語：這類省略往往要根據(jù)具體的語境來理解。固定結構有： if in doubt, if at all, if by any chance等 if其他省略結構：if ever; if not; if so等
①Taste the soup and add salt and pepper if necessary.
嘗一下湯的味道，必要時可以加鹽和胡椒粉。
②If seen, the missing cat should be reported to the local animal shelter.
如果發(fā)現(xiàn)丟失的貓，應向當?shù)貏游锸杖菟鶊蟾妗?br/>③I'd say he was more like his father if anything.
若非要說出像誰不可，我認為他更像他的父親。
④If by any chance you can't manage dinner tonight, we can at least have a drink together.
如果今晚不能共進晚餐，我們至少可以一起喝一杯。
⑤We'll have the party in the garden if the weather's good. If not, it'll have to be inside.
如果天氣好的話，我們將在花園里舉行聚會。如果天氣不好，那就必須在室內(nèi)。
單句語法填空
①Meat was available once a week if at all.
②Fresh air is important, so open a window if possible.
③Some academics promised to come to our conference if invited (invite)．
完成句子
④你會發(fā)現(xiàn)我們在一輛紅色的轎車里。如果拿不準，就看一下車牌號。
You will find us in a red car. If__in__doubt,__look__at__the__license__plate__number．
探究四　動詞不定式(短語)作主語
動詞不定式(短語)作主語：一般表示具體的或一次性的動作。
語法點1　動詞不定式(短語)作主語的用法
(1)動詞不定式(短語)位于句首，直接作主語。
①To get up early is necessary.
早起是必要的。
②To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.
這樣做是削足適履。
(2)it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式(短語)。
常見結構：It＋be＋adj.(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth
①It's important to answer her questions as honestly as you can.
盡可能誠實地回答她的問題是重要的。
②It's wrong to make fun of people just because they're old.
僅僅因為人老了就取笑他們是錯誤的。
③It would be wrong of people to marry for money.
人們?yōu)榱隋X而結婚是錯誤的。
④It's important for us to keep the water clean.
保持水質清潔對我們來說是重要的。
常見結構：It＋be＋n.(＋for sb)＋to do sth
①It's my honor to know you.
認識你是我的榮幸。
②It's a mistake for us not to help him.
我們不幫他是個錯誤。
固定句型：It takes/took/will take (sb) some time to do sth
It takes (us) hours to do our homework every day.
我們每天要花費幾個小時做家庭作業(yè)。
(3)“疑問詞(how/what/when/where/which/who)＋動詞不定式(短語)”作主語。
①Where to put the bikes is being discussed.
正在討論把自行車放哪里。
②When and where to have the meeting hasn't been known.
何時何地開會還是個未知數(shù)。
語法點2　動詞不定式(短語)和動名詞(短語)作主語的區(qū)別
表示具體的、一次性的或將來的動作用動詞不定式(短語)；表示一般的、泛指的或習慣性的行為用動名詞(短語)。
①To save money now is not easy.
現(xiàn)在攢錢不容易。
②Saving money is a good habit.
攢錢是個好習慣。
③It is impossible to fly over the Himalayas.
飛越喜馬拉雅山是不可能的。
④Flying is impossible in this area.
在這個地區(qū)飛行是不可能的。
(1)單句語法填空
①To__tell (tell) a lie is against my will.
②It's unnecessary to__wait (wait) in the open air; let's enter the hall instead.
③It seems unfair for him to__make (make) him pay for everything.
④It was a waste of time reading (read) that book, which was written for housewives instead of learners.
⑤It seemed selfish of him not to share the dictionary with his sister.
(2)完成句子
①早上趕5點的公共汽車不是一個好主意。
To__catch__the__5：00__am__bus early in the morning is not a good idea.
②我給他們看不清楚的圖片，讓他們體驗戴眼鏡的感覺。
I show them unclear pictures, and let them experience how it feels to__wear__glasses．
③步行或騎自行車走完全程14公里是可能的。
It__is__possible__to__walk__or__bike the entire 14 kilometers.
④基金會的工作人員也非常熱情，可以肯定地說，下次我一定還會再來！
The staff at the foundation were also really welcoming—it's safe__to__say I will definitely be coming back next time I visit!
⑤吉姆很體貼地告知了我們他延誤的消息，以防我們擔心。
It was considerate__of__Jim__to__inform us his delay in case we got worried.
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列詞綴的含義及例詞
1． ical→與……有關的→physical;__medical
2．de →分離；破壞；向下；加強→delete;__decide
3． ate→做某事；……的狀態(tài)；性質；特性→dominate;__facilitate
4．dis →分離；分開；否定→discipline;__disagree
(二)選詞填空
1．If you get up early, try not to disturb everyone else.
2．The children skipped happily down the street, playing a game.
3．Not yet having recovered from the lung surgery,__he still remained weak and looked pale.
4．The drug will be useful to hundreds of thousands of infected people.
5．He composed a beautiful symphony that was well received by the audience.
維度二　語法運用
(三)單句語法填空
1．Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier to__make (make) eco friendly lifestyle choices.
2．How to__solve (solve) the water problem will be discussed at the meeting next Monday.
3．Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to__recover (recover)．
4．It is not necessary to__bargain (bargain) this small amount.
5．Could you tell me what it takes to__graduate (graduate) from university
維度三　素養(yǎng)提升
(四)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．我最終下定決心辭職并開始自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。
I__made__up__my__mind__to__quit__my__job and started my own business at last.
2．為了顯得更專業(yè)，他刮掉了胡子。
He__shaved__off__his__moustache to appear more professional.
3．這本書由多個章節(jié)組成，每個章節(jié)討論一個不同的主題。
The__book__is__composed__of__several__chapters,__each discussing a different topic.
(五)翻譯
1．如果可能的話，我們應該和每個人交朋友。(if引導的省略結構)
If__possible,__we__should__make__friends__with__everybody.
2．晨練有益于我們的健康。(動詞不定式短語作主語)
To__do__morning__exercise__is__useful__for__our__health.
課后課時作業(yè)
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比70%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市高二下期中)Anna was very particular about food. She never ate the wonderful pizzas or ice creams her mother made, which were her parents' __1__. She just ate other things. Anna was __2__， but her parents were both fat. Their likes were her dislikes. __3__， everyone wondered who she had taken after. Anna's parents thought she was ill.
One day, they went to see a doctor. He took them to a machine. Then he put a plate of fish in front of them, and __4__ on the machine.
　It started playing sounds: waves' __5__ sound and the songs of seabirds. After some time the doctor __6__ the fish with fruit and vegetables. The sounds of the sea __7__， and there came the sounds of gentle wind, birdsong, and rain. All of them enjoyed the beautiful sounds of nature, but the doctor __8__ the plate again, and this time it was a dish of meat. The machine started making lively sounds: the sound of __9__ animals. Still quite pleasant. Then the doctor brought a strongly smelling pizza. The machine seemed to __10__ down. Instead of beautiful sounds, out came noisy sounds. The noise was so disturbing that the family had to ask the doctor to change the __11__ of food. The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy ... but they thought the sounds were still __12__. Finally Anna's parents asked the doctor to bring fruit back.
“Anna isn't ill，” said the doctor. “She can understand each type of food's own __13__. It comes from where the food was born, raised, and prepared. Anna wants to eat the food whose music is __14__. That's why she's slim and healthy.”
These days, they all look slim, __15__ from then on, in the house pizzas, burgers, puddings, and ice creams were replaced by fruit, vegetables, and fish.
　What did your dinner sound like today
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Anna (安娜)的父母喜歡的食物Anna都不喜歡，而且她很瘦，所以父母帶她去看醫(yī)生。通過醫(yī)生展示食物生長過程中的音樂，Anna的父母意識到她們吃的食物是不健康的。之后，Anna全家養(yǎng)成了健康的飲食習慣。
1．A.ideal B．a(chǎn)greement
C．favourite D．challenge
答案：C
解析：ideal 理想；agreement 協(xié)議；favourite 最喜愛的東西；challenge 挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下文“her parents were both fat”可知，這些甜食和高熱量的食物是Anna父母最喜愛的食物。故選C。
2．A.thick B．weak
C．clean D．slim
答案：D
解析：thick 厚的；weak 虛弱的；clean 干凈的；slim 苗條的。根據(jù)下文“but”可知，上下文內(nèi)容在邏輯上是轉折關系，Anna的父母很胖，但Anna是苗條的。故選D。
3．A.Suddenly B．Specially
C．Sincerely D．Naturally
答案：D
解析：suddenly 突然地；specially 特別地；sincerely 真誠地；naturally 自然地。通常孩子都會像父母之中的一位，但Anna與她的父母都截然不同，所以人們很自然地就會想，Anna到底像誰。故選D。
4．A.depended B．passed
C．lived D．turned
答案：D
解析：depend 依靠；pass 經(jīng)過；live 生活，居住；turn 轉動，轉向。根據(jù)下文“It started playing sounds”可知，機器開始運轉，故此處指醫(yī)生啟動機器。turn on意為“打開”。故選D。
5．A.sweet B．relaxing
C．strange D．surprising
答案：B
解析：sweet 甜美的；relaxing 令人放松的；strange 奇怪的；surprising 令人驚訝的。根據(jù)下文“Still quite pleasant.”可知，這些聲音都是令人愉悅的，所以此處表示令人放松的海浪聲。故選B。
6．A.compared B．helped
C．covered D．replaced
答案：D
解析：compare 比較；help 幫助；cover 覆蓋；replace 替代。根據(jù)下文“the fish with fruit and vegetables”可知，此處指醫(yī)生把魚換成了水果和蔬菜。故選D。
7．A.stopped B．traveled
C．began D．continued
答案：A
解析：stop 停止；travel 旅行；begin 開始；continue 繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文可知，醫(yī)生將盤子里的魚換成了水果和蔬菜，根據(jù)下文“there came the sounds of gentle wind, birdsong, and rain”可知，傳來了風聲、鳥聲和雨聲，由此可知，聲音是隨著盤子里的食物的變化而變化的，所以當盤子里的食物從魚變成了水果和蔬菜時，海浪的聲音就停止了。故選A。
8．A.dropped B．washed
C．changed D．offered
答案：C
解析：drop 掉下；wash 洗；change 更換；offer 提供。根據(jù)下文“this time it was a dish of meat”可知，醫(yī)生換了一盤肉，此處指醫(yī)生再次更換了盤子。故選C。
9．A.farm B．pet
C．forest D．sea
答案：A
解析：farm 農(nóng)場；pet 寵物；forest 森林；sea 大海。根據(jù)下文“It comes from where the food was born, raised, and prepared.”可知，播放的聲音與食物生產(chǎn)或準備的地方有聯(lián)系，而通常吃的肉都是來自農(nóng)場養(yǎng)殖的動物。故選A。
10．A.break B．lie
C．burn D．sit
答案：A
解析：break 打破；lie 說謊，躺；burn 燃燒；sit 坐。根據(jù)下文“noisy sounds”和“The noise was so disturbing”可知，機器開始發(fā)出噪聲，這種聲音讓人覺得機器仿佛壞了一樣。break down表示“發(fā)生故障”。故選A。
11．A.amount B．colour
C．type D．quality
答案：C
解析：amount 數(shù)量；colour 顏色；type 類型；quality 質量。根據(jù)下文“The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy ...”可知，不斷變換的是食物的種類。故選C。
12．A.terrible B．beautiful
C．serious D．quiet
答案：A
解析：terrible 可怕的；beautiful 美麗的；serious 嚴肅的；quiet 安靜的。根據(jù)上文“The noise was so disturbing”及“still”可知，他們認為這些聲音依然很糟糕。故選A。
13．A.character B．music
C．habit D．requirement
答案：B
解析：character 性格；music 音樂；habit 習慣；requirement 要求。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，每種食物有對應的聲音，不同的食物在機器前發(fā)出不同的音樂，此處是指Anna能聽懂每種食物自己的音樂。故選B。
14．A.wonderful B．heavy
C．original D．traditional
答案：A
解析：wonderful 美妙的；heavy 重的；original 原創(chuàng)的；traditional 傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)下文“That's why she's slim and healthy.”可知，Anna健康的原因在于她吃的食物很健康，Anna喜歡的食物都來自大自然，這些食物所蘊含的音樂是美妙的。故選A。
15．A.though B．since
C．therefore D．if
答案：B
解析：句意：如今，他們都看起來很苗條，因為從那時起，他們房子里的比薩、漢堡、布丁和冰激凌都被水果、蔬菜和魚替代了。though 盡管；since 自從；因為；therefore 因此；if 如果。根據(jù)語境可知，上下文是因果關系。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河北省保定市部分高中高二下月考)Enjoying your workouts can be a complete game changer when it comes to keeping a consistent exercise schedule and avoiding burnout. __1__．
Making exercise more fun
The Heart Matters magazine gives a few recommendations on how to make exercise more fun, such as asking others to join you and exercising for a specific cause, like a marathon for raising funds for an organization. __2__. But why
Research shows that enjoying your exercise can be important for its long term effectiveness. When you are positively engaged in something you choose to do and want to do as opposed to something you have to do, it changes your mindset. A positive mindset during exercising is absolutely essential.
__3__. You are more likely to stick to it if you enjoy it. Most people would rather make a habit of something that brings them pleasure as opposed to something boring. So, what do you find enjoyable What is fun for you
　There are so many types of exercise
There are so many types of exercise that people can do. __4__. Running is an excellent form of exercise, as is walking. Dance classes can be super fun as well, and so can sports. Playing sports is a form of exercise that shouldn't be forgotten.
Thinking outside the box is a must, since gyms and workouts that require lots of equipment aren't always available or possible, and depending on these to exercise can possibly leave you without a workout at times. Team sports like basketball, tennis or football with friends are great for your fitness. __5__， or choosing other types of exercise like rope jumping, surfing, rock climbing or belly dancing. Those are all excellent forms of exercise, and your mind and body will thank you for years to come.
A．Exercise benefits you a lot more than before
B．In short, making it fun should be a top priority
C．You'd better form the habit of doing exercise daily
D．Thus, exercise doesn't have to mean going to the gym
E．Another benefit of enjoying your exercise is insisting
F．Don't think twice before enjoying these sports as a workout
G．Discover how enjoying exercise can make you healthier and happier
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了鍛煉的好處。
1．答案：G
解析：上文“Enjoying your workouts ... avoiding burnout. (當涉及到保持一致的鍛煉計劃和避免倦怠時，享受你的鍛煉可以完全改變游戲規(guī)則。)”提到享受鍛煉的好處，下文對此進行了具體介紹，G項(去發(fā)現(xiàn)享受鍛煉如何讓你更健康、更快樂)承上啟下。故選G。
2．答案：B
解析：根據(jù)小標題“Making exercise more fun (讓鍛煉更有趣)”以及上文“The Heart Matters magazine ... for an organization. (Heart Matters雜志就如何讓鍛煉變得更有趣給出了一些建議，比如邀請別人和你一起鍛煉，為一個特定的原因鍛煉，比如為一個組織籌集資金而參加馬拉松比賽。)”可知，本段主要講述了如何讓鍛煉變得有趣，B項(簡而言之，讓它變得有趣應該是首要任務)符合語境。故選B。
3．答案：E
解析：上文“Research shows that ... long term effectiveness.”提到享受鍛煉的好處之一——對鍛煉的長期效果很重要，下文“You are more likely to stick to it if you enjoy it.”提到如果享受鍛煉，就更有可能堅持下去，即享受鍛煉的另一個好處。E項(享受鍛煉的另一個好處是堅持)符合語境。故選E。
4．答案：D
解析：上文“There are so many types of exercise that people can do.”提到人們可以做的鍛煉有很多種，D項(因此，鍛煉并不一定意味著去健身房)承接上文。故選D。
5．答案：F
解析：上文“Team sports like basketball ... are great for your fitness.”提到團隊運動對健康有好處，由此可知，F(xiàn)項(在享受這些運動作為鍛煉之前不要猶豫)承接上文，且其中的“these sports”指代上文的“Team sports”。故選F。
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·海南省瓊海市嘉積中學高二下月考)Beyond __1__ (anticipate), in the past few months, AI based image generators like DALL E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion have made __2__ possible for anyone to create unique, hyper realistic images just by typing a few words into a text box. These apps, though new, are already __3__ (surprise) popular. It's still too early __4__ (tell) whether this new wave of apps will be influential enough to rob __5__ (art) of their jobs. What seems clear, regardless __6__ this, is that these tools are already being put to use in creative industries. Sarah Drummond, __7__ is a service designer in London, started to use AI generated images a few months ago to take the place of __8__ black and white sketches she did for her job. She acknowledged that AI image generators had limitations. They aren't good at more complex sketches, for example, or __9__ (make) multiple images with the same character. And like the other creative professionals, she said she didn't think AI designers __10__ (replace) human illustrators outright.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能的圖像生成器受到出奇的歡迎并且在創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)使用，但很多創(chuàng)意人士認為它還不能取代人類插畫師。
1．答案：anticipation
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處作介詞Beyond的賓語，應用名詞，anticipation意為“預期”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填anticipation。
2．答案：it
解析：考查代詞。此處為make it＋adj.＋for sb to do sth結構，應用it作形式賓語，不定式為真正的賓語。故填it。
3．答案：surprisingly
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：這些應用雖然是新產(chǎn)品，但已經(jīng)出奇地受歡迎。修飾形容詞popular，作狀語，應用副詞surprisingly。故填surprisingly。
4．答案：to tell
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句中It為形式主語，應用不定式作真正的主語。故填to tell。
5．答案：artists
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：現(xiàn)在判斷這一新的應用浪潮是否會有足夠的影響力來搶奪藝術家的工作還為時過早。此處作rob的賓語，表示“藝術家”，應用名詞，artist為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后文their可知，應用復數(shù)。故填artists。
6．答案：of
解析：考查介詞。句意：不管怎樣，這些工具顯然已經(jīng)在創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)中得到了應用。regardless of表示“不管”。故填of。
7．答案：who
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明先行詞Sarah Drummond，指人，從句中缺少主語。故填who。
8．答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。此處特指她為工作繪制的黑白草圖，應用定冠詞。故填the。
9．答案：making
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處與more complex sketches并列作介詞at的賓語，應用動名詞。故填making。
10．答案：would replace
解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。設空處作賓語從句的謂語，表示將來的動作，根據(jù)主句中的said可知，主句為一般過去時，從句應用過去相對應的時態(tài)，即過去將來時。故填would replace。
　精深閱讀
(2024·浙江省嘉興市第五高級中學高二下月考)A new study involving nearly 50，000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults' health and longevity, and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages. The study represents an effort to develop an evidence based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often repeated 10，000 step a day saying grew out of a decades old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer, with no science to back it up.
Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. They grouped the nearly 50，000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day. The lowest step group averaged 3，500 steps; the second, 5，800; the third, 7，800; and the fourth, 10，900 steps per day. Among the three higher active groups, there was a 40%53% lower risk of death, compared to the lowest step group.
More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled__off at about 6，0008，000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8，00010，000 steps per day.
　“So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off. Interestingly, the study found no definitive association with walking speed，” Paluch says.
The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before, which found that walking at least 7，000 steps a day reduced middle aged people's risk of early death. “There's a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity，” Paluch says. “More steps per day are better for your health.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新研究成果，確定了能夠最大程度改善健康、延長壽命的每日步行的步數(shù)，同時調(diào)查了不同年齡段的人每日最佳步數(shù)是否有所不同。
1．Why did the scientists carry out the new study
A．To know about people's health condition.
B．To explain the pedometer's working principles.
C．To determine the best physical activity for people.
D．To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The study represents ... back it up.(這項研究旨在努力形成一種基于證據(jù)的、關于體力活動益處的公共衛(wèi)生信息。每天走一萬步這一經(jīng)常被重復的說法源于幾十年前日本計步器的營銷活動，但卻沒有科學依據(jù)。)”可知，現(xiàn)有的走路步數(shù)缺乏科學依據(jù)，由此可推知，本研究旨在為日常走路鍛煉提供科學指導。故選D。
2．What does the underlined words “l(fā)eveled off” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Turned higher. B．Became stable.
C．Fell sharply. D．Changed rapidly.
答案：B
解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語后面的“meaning that more steps ... for longevity”可知，對60歲及以上的成年人來說，更多的步數(shù)對長壽沒有額外的好處，由此可推知，步數(shù)到達一定量之后降低死亡的風險趨于穩(wěn)定，不再變化。level off意為“保持水平，保持平穩(wěn)發(fā)展”。故選B。
3．What does the experiment find
A．The old should walk as much as possible.
B．Young people usually walk more than the old.
C．The most beneficial steps differ by age groups.
D．Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“More specifically ... about 8，00010，000 steps per day.(更具體地說，對于60歲及以上的成年人來說，每天走6，000～8，000步左右，過早死亡的風險就會趨于平穩(wěn)，這意味著更多的步數(shù)對長壽沒有額外的好處，而對于60歲以下的成年人來說，大約是每天走8，000～10，000步。)”可推知，年齡不同，最佳效果的步數(shù)也不一樣。故選C。
4．What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do
A．To walk more steps.
B．To control walking speed.
C．To limit walking distance.
D．To track the number of steps.
答案：A
解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Paluch (帕盧赫)所說的“There's a lot of evidence ... very little activity (有很多證據(jù)表明，多運動一點是有益的，尤其是對那些活動很少的人來說)”和“More steps per day are better for your health.(每天多走幾步對你的健康有益。)”可知，Paluch建議不運動的人應該增加走路步數(shù)。故選A。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．insight n. 洞悉；了解
2．conduct v. 實施；組織；執(zhí)行
3．comparative adj. 比較的；相對的
4．definitive adj. 決定性的，確定的
5．reduce v. 減少；使還原
(二)高頻短語
6．grow out of 發(fā)展自，源于
7．back__up 支持；證實(某人所言)
8．group ... into 把……分組
9．provide__...__for 為……提供
10．be__good__for 對……有好處
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The man aged (age) 65 started running marathons to stay fit and active.
2．The team has published a study involving (involve) the development of a new type of battery.
3．Interestingly (interest), the ancient city was discovered by a group of amateur archaeologists.
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．Before starting the experiment, they grouped the students by age and ability.把……分組
5．They are different concepts and also have close association.聯(lián)系
6．Eating fruits and vegetables is beneficial to maintaining healthy weight.有益的
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．The survey's results revealed that most people supported the proposed changes.findings
2．Directed by a renowned professor, the research project achieved significant results.Led
3．The hotel offers added services such as laundry and room service for an extra fee.additional
(六)長難句分析
So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off.
句意：所以，我們看到的是，隨著步數(shù)的增加，風險持續(xù)降低，直到趨于平穩(wěn)。
分析：主干是what__we__saw__...__continuing__reduction；what引導主語從句，作為整個句子的主語；as引導時間狀語從句；until引導時間狀語從句。
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．Good hygiene helps to minimize the__risk__of__infection (感染的風險)．
2．The writer doesn't back__up (支持) his opinions with examples.
(八)仿寫句子
The study represents an effort to develop an evidence based public health message about the benefits of physical activity.(動詞不定式短語作目的狀語)
仿寫：要想成功，你必須努力學習。
You__have__to__study__hard__to__succeed.
21(共86張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
單元主題：人與自我——健康生活方式
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
一、構詞法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含義 例詞
dis 分離；分開；否定 ______, disagree, disrupt, distract, disgust
de _____；破壞；向下；加強 _____, decide, devastate, delight, derive
ical ______________ _________, medical, economical, typical, practical
ate ________；……的狀態(tài)；性質；特性 _________, facilitate, private, celebrate, graduate
disturb
分離
delete
與……有關的
physical
做某事
dominate
二、habit相關搭配
1．eating habits 飲食習慣
2．_________ a habit 養(yǎng)成習慣
3．_________ the habit 改掉/戒除(不良的)習慣
4．____ of habit 出于習慣
5．___________ habits 消費習慣
6．_________ habits 個人習慣
7．______ habits 生活習慣
8．good/bad habits 好/壞習慣
make/form
break/kick
out
consumption
personal
living
WELCOME UNIT
——Discover useful structures——
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
自主學習 課時語法
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業(yè)
5
預習檢測 詞匯打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．beard n. ________________
2．cigarette n. _____________
3．drug n. _____________
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．_________ vt.& vi. 組成；作曲；撰寫
2．______ vi., vt.& n. 剃(須發(fā))；刮臉
3．_______ vt. 打擾；攪亂；使煩惱
4．____ vt. 跳過；不參加；悄悄溜走　vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳繩　n. 蹦跳
胡須；絡腮胡子
香煙；卷煙
毒品；藥物
compose
shave
disturb
skip
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．surgeon n. 外科醫(yī)生→________ n. 外科手術；外科學→________ adj. 外科的；外科手術的→________ adv. 外科手術上；如外科手術般地
2．liberation n. 解放；擺脫→________ vt. 解放；使自由→________ n. 解放者；解救者
3．specialist n. 專科醫(yī)生，專家→________ n. 特別活動；特價　adj. 特殊的；特別的→________ n. 專門研究；專業(yè)化→________ n. 專長，專業(yè)→________ v. 專門從事；專攻
4．consultant n. 顧問，高級顧問醫(yī)師→________ v. 向……請教；咨詢→__________ n．咨詢；咨詢公司；專家咨詢→____________ n. 咨詢；商討；協(xié)商會→__________ adj. 咨詢的；顧問的
surgery
surgical
surgically
liberate
liberator
special
specialism
speciality
specialize
consult
consultancy
consultation
consultative
四、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1．_________________下定決心
2．______________ 由……組成(或構成)的
3．_________ 剃掉；刮去
make up one’s mind
be composed of
shave off
自主學習 課時語法
完成填空并寫出所填詞在句中的語法作用
1．It calls for hard work _________ (succeed)．________________
2．________ (speak) English fluently is a goal that many students strive for.
________________
3．It was impossible for them __________ (complete) the task in such a short time.
________________
4．What _____ (do) in an emergency situation is covered in the safety training.
_________________________
5．It is our duty ________ (respect) and care for the elderly in our society.
________________
6．It took him half a day ________ (decide) what to wear for the special occasion.
___________________
to succeed
動詞不定式作主語
To speak
動詞不定式作主語
to complete
動詞不定式作主語
to do
疑問詞+動詞不定式作主語
to respect
動詞不定式作主語
to decide
動詞不定式作主語
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
1.compose vt.& vi. 組成；作曲；撰寫(教材P16)
composer n. (尤指古典音樂的)創(chuàng)作者；作曲家
composition n. [C]作品；作文 [U]成分；作曲；創(chuàng)作；構圖
be composed of＝consist of＝be made up of 由……組成/構成
compose for 為……作曲
①A resident tried to test ChatGPT's capability to compose a Chinese news report.
一位居民試圖測試ChatGPT撰寫中文新聞報道的能力。
②Martin starts by lightly sketching the composition for his paintings.
馬丁首先為自己的畫作輕輕地勾勒出構圖。
③The committee is composed of MPs, doctors, academics and members of the public.
該委員會由國會議員、醫(yī)生、學者和公眾組成。
④Over the next two years, the composer was hired to compose for popular Chinese singers.
在后來的兩年里，這位作曲家受聘為一些流行華語歌手作曲。
【學會運用】　單句語法填空
①He is working on a new piece of music composed ____ the symphony orchestra.
②Beethoven is widely regarded as one of the greatest __________ (compose) of all time.
③The writer's unique style of ____________ (compose) makes his books stand out from the rest.
【學會表達】　完成句子
④這座雕塑由幾種不同的材料組成，包括石頭和金屬。
____________________________________________________________________
for
composers
composition
The sculpture is composed of several different materials, including stone and metal.
2.disturb vt. 打擾；攪亂；使煩惱(教材P17)
disturbance n. (受)打擾，干擾
disturbing adj. 引起煩惱的；令人不安的
disturbed adj. 煩惱的；不安的
be disturbed to do sth 對做某事感到困擾
to one's disturbance 令某人心神不安的是
①The building work is creating constant noise, dust and disturbance.
建筑施工不斷制造噪音、灰塵和干擾。
②The movie contained some disturbing scenes.
這部電影包含了一些令人不安的場景。
③I was disturbed to learn that my friend had been involved in a serious accident.
得知我的朋友遭遇了一場嚴重的事故，我感到非常不安。(心理描寫)
④To his disturbance, his project was rejected by the funding committee.
令他感到不安的是，他的項目被基金委員會拒絕了。
【學會運用】　單句語法填空
①It was _________ (disturb) and frightening that the robot looked so human.

②The noise made by cars ________ (disturb) the residents living on both sides of the streets all day and night.
③She was in a _________ (disturb) state of mind.
【學會表達】　完成句子
④他意識到自己上班忘記帶手機，這讓他感到不安。
________________， he realized that he had forgotten to bring his phone to work.
disturbing
disturbs
disturbed
To his disturbance
3．liberation n. 解放；擺脫→_________ vt. 解放；使自由→_________ n. 解放者；解救者
liberate
liberator
The celebration of Liberation Day honored the brave liberators who sacrificed so much to liberate their homeland.
解放日的慶祝活動向為解放祖國而英勇獻身的解放者致敬。
The doctor is a heart specialist who specializes in treating heart diseases.
這位醫(yī)生是一位專門治療心臟病的專家。
4．specialist n. 專科醫(yī)生，專家→________ n. 特別活動；特價　adj. 特殊的；特別的→__________ n. 專門研究；專業(yè)化→_________ n. 專長，專業(yè)→_________ v. 專門從事；專攻
special
specialism
speciality
specialize
5．consultant n. 顧問，高級顧問醫(yī)師→_________ v. 向……請教；咨詢→___________ n. 咨詢；咨詢公司；專家咨詢→____________ n. 咨詢；商討；協(xié)商會→____________ adj. 咨詢的；顧問的
The company hired a marketing consultant to provide consultative advice on their new advertising campaign.
該公司聘請了一名營銷顧問為他們新的廣告活動提供咨詢意見。
consult
consultancy
consultation
consultative
【學會運用】　單句語法填空
①The IT ________ (consult) advised us on the best software to use for our business needs.
②I enjoy working in general medicine, but I hope to be able to ________ (specialist) in the future.
【學會表達】　完成句子
③寫詩使她從日常生活的例行公事中解脫出來。
__________________________________________________
④歷史專家是研究特殊歷史事件的專家。
__________________________________________________________
consultant
specialize
Writing poetry liberated her from the routine of everyday life.
The history specialist is an expert in studying special historical events.
探究二　短語
6.make up one's mind 下定決心(教材P16)
mind n. 頭腦；思考能力　v. 苦惱；介意
make up one's mind to do sth 下定決心做某事
change one's mind 改變主意
have/keep/bear ... in mind 將……記在心里
mind doing sth 介意做某事
mind one's own business 少管閑事
never mind 沒關系
①After careful consideration, I have finally made up my mind to pursue a career in medicine.
經(jīng)過深思熟慮，我終于下定決心從事醫(yī)學事業(yè)。(職業(yè)規(guī)劃)
②It was no easy matter getting him to change his mind.
讓他改變主意可不是件容易的事。
③When planning your trip, bear in mind the local weather conditions.
在計劃旅行時，請考慮當?shù)氐奶鞖鉅顩r。
④I wouldn't mind trading places with her for a day.
我不介意和她調(diào)換一天位置。
【學會運用】　單句語法填空
①Would you mind _______ (tell) me what sort of car that is
②Keep the people ____ mind and place hopes on them.
【學會表達】　完成句子
③他們在最后一刻改變主意，拒絕前往。
_____________________________________________________
telling
in
They changed their minds at the last moment and refused to go.
探究三　長難句分析
7.If successful, we will feel a sense of reward and our bad habit may disappear.(教材P16)
如果成功了，我們會有回報感，我們的壞習慣可能會消失。
【分析】　If successful為if引導的省略結構，補充完整為If it is successful。
if引導的省略結構
if＋形容詞：在if與形容詞之間省略了“主語＋be動詞的適當形式”。固定搭配有：if necessary, if possible等
if＋過去分詞：在if與過去分詞之間省略了主語和助動詞be
if＋代詞：這類省略通常要根據(jù)具體的上下文來理解。固定結構有： if anyone; if any; if anything等
if＋介詞短語：這類省略往往要根據(jù)具體的語境來理解。固定結構有： if in doubt, if at all, if by any chance等
if其他省略結構：if ever; if not; if so等
①Taste the soup and add salt and pepper if necessary.
嘗一下湯的味道，必要時可以加鹽和胡椒粉。
②If seen, the missing cat should be reported to the local animal shelter.
如果發(fā)現(xiàn)丟失的貓，應向當?shù)貏游锸杖菟鶊蟾妗?br/>③I'd say he was more like his father if anything.
若非要說出像誰不可，我認為他更像他的父親。
④If by any chance you can't manage dinner tonight, we can at least have a drink together.
如果今晚不能共進晚餐，我們至少可以一起喝一杯。
⑤We'll have the party in the garden if the weather's good. If not, it'll have to be inside.
如果天氣好的話，我們將在花園里舉行聚會。如果天氣不好，那就必須在室內(nèi)。
【學會運用】　單句語法填空
①Meat was available once a week if ___ all.
②Fresh air is important, so open a window ___ possible.
③Some academics promised to come to our conference if _______ (invite)．
【學會表達】　完成句子
④你會發(fā)現(xiàn)我們在一輛紅色的轎車里。如果拿不準，就看一下車牌號。
You will find us in a red car. _____________________________________．
at
if
invited
If in doubt, look at the license plate number
探究四　動詞不定式(短語)作主語
(1)動詞不定式(短語)位于句首，直接作主語。
①To get up early is necessary.
早起是必要的。
②To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.
這樣做是削足適履。
動詞不定式(短語)作主語：一般表示具體的或一次性的動作。
語法點1　動詞不定式(短語)作主語的用法
(2)it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式(短語)。
常見結構：It＋be＋adj.(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth
①It's important to answer her questions as honestly as you can.
盡可能誠實地回答她的問題是重要的。
②It's wrong to make fun of people just because they're old.
僅僅因為人老了就取笑他們是錯誤的。
③It would be wrong of people to marry for money.
人們?yōu)榱隋X而結婚是錯誤的。
④It's important for us to keep the water clean.
保持水質清潔對我們來說是重要的。
常見結構：It＋be＋n.(＋for sb)＋to do sth
①It's my honor to know you.
認識你是我的榮幸。
②It's a mistake for us not to help him.
我們不幫他是個錯誤。
固定句型：It takes/took/will take (sb) some time to do sth
It takes (us) hours to do our homework every day.
我們每天要花費幾個小時做家庭作業(yè)。
(3)“疑問詞(how/what/when/where/which/who)＋動詞不定式(短語)”作主語。
①Where to put the bikes is being discussed.
正在討論把自行車放哪里。
②When and where to have the meeting hasn't been known.
何時何地開會還是個未知數(shù)。
表示具體的、一次性的或將來的動作用動詞不定式(短語)；表示一般的、泛指的或習慣性的行為用動名詞(短語)。
①To save money now is not easy.
現(xiàn)在攢錢不容易。
②Saving money is a good habit.
攢錢是個好習慣。
語法點2　動詞不定式(短語)和動名詞(短語)作主語的區(qū)別
③It is impossible to fly over the Himalayas.
飛越喜馬拉雅山是不可能的。
④Flying is impossible in this area.
在這個地區(qū)飛行是不可能的。
(1)單句語法填空
①________ (tell) a lie is against my will.
②It's unnecessary ________ (wait) in the open air; let's enter the hall instead.
③It seems unfair for him ________ (make) him pay for everything.
④It was a waste of time ________ (read) that book, which was written for housewives instead of learners.
⑤It seemed selfish ____ him not to share the dictionary with his sister.
To tell
to wait
to make
reading
of
(2)完成句子
①早上趕5點的公共汽車不是一個好主意。
_____________________ early in the morning is not a good idea.
②我給他們看不清楚的圖片，讓他們體驗戴眼鏡的感覺。
I show them unclear pictures, and let them experience how it feels ____________．
③步行或騎自行車走完全程14公里是可能的。
_________________________ the entire 14 kilometers.
To catch the 5:00 am bus
to wear glasses
It is possible to walk or bike
④基金會的工作人員也非常熱情，可以肯定地說，下次我一定還會再來！
The staff at the foundation were also really welcoming—it's ___________ I will definitely be coming back next time I visit!
⑤吉姆很體貼地告知了我們他延誤的消息，以防我們擔心。
It was _________________________ us his delay in case we got worried.
safe to say
considerate of Jim to inform
對點練習 鞏固所學
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列詞綴的含義及例詞
1． ical→_____________→________； ________
2．de →________________________→________； ________
3． ate→________________________________→________； ________
4．dis →__________________→________； ________
與……有關的
physical
medical
分離；破壞；向下；加強
delete
decide
做某事；……的狀態(tài)；性質；特性
dominate
facilitate
分離；分開；否定
discipline
disagree
(二)選詞填空
disturb， skip， compose， surgery， drug
1．If you get up early, try not to ________ everyone else.
2．The children ________ happily down the street, playing a game.
3．Not yet having recovered from the lung ________， he still remained weak and looked pale.
4．The ______ will be useful to hundreds of thousands of infected people.
5．He _________ a beautiful symphony that was well received by the audience.
disturb
skipped
surgery
drug
composed
維度二　語法運用
(三)單句語法填空
1．Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier ________ (make) eco friendly lifestyle choices.
2．How ________ (solve) the water problem will be discussed at the meeting next Monday.
3．Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland ________ (recover)．
4．It is not necessary _________ (bargain) this small amount.
5．Could you tell me what it takes ___________ (graduate) from university
to make
to solve
to recover
to bargain
to graduate
維度三　素養(yǎng)提升
(四)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．我最終下定決心辭職并開始自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。
_____________________________ and started my own business at last.
2．為了顯得更專業(yè)，他刮掉了胡子。
________________________ to appear more professional.
3．這本書由多個章節(jié)組成，每個章節(jié)討論一個不同的主題。
___________________________________， each discussing a different topic.
I made up my mind to quit my job
He shaved off his moustache
The book is composed of several chapters
(五)翻譯
1．如果可能的話，我們應該和每個人交朋友。(if引導的省略結構)
____________________________________________
2．晨練有益于我們的健康。(動詞不定式短語作主語)
_______________________________________
If possible, we should make friends with everybody.
To do morning exercise is useful for our health.
課后課時作業(yè)
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比70%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市高二下期中)Anna was very particular about food. She never ate the wonderful pizzas or ice creams her mother made, which were her parents' __1__. She just ate other things. Anna was __2__， but her parents were both fat. Their likes were her dislikes. __3__， everyone wondered who she had taken after. Anna's parents thought she was ill.
One day, they went to see a doctor. He took them to a machine. Then he put a plate of fish in front of them, and __4__ on the machine.
It started playing sounds: waves' __5__ sound and the songs of seabirds. After some time the doctor __6__ the fish with fruit and vegetables. The sounds of the sea __7__， and there came the sounds of gentle wind, birdsong, and rain. All of them enjoyed the beautiful sounds of nature, but the doctor __8__ the plate again, and this time it was a dish of meat. The machine started making lively sounds: the sound of __9__ animals. Still quite pleasant. Then the doctor brought a strongly smelling pizza. The machine seemed to __10__ down. Instead of beautiful sounds, out came noisy sounds. The noise was so disturbing that the family had to ask the doctor to change the __11__ of food. The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy ... but they thought the sounds were still __12__. Finally Anna's parents asked the doctor to bring fruit back.
“Anna isn’t ill，” said the doctor. “She can understand each type of food’s own __13__. It comes from where the food was born, raised, and prepared. Anna wants to eat the food whose music is __14__. That’s why she’s slim and healthy.”
These days, they all look slim, __15__ from then on, in the house pizzas, burgers, puddings, and ice creams were replaced by fruit, vegetables, and fish.
What did your dinner sound like today
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Anna (安娜)的父母喜歡的食物Anna都不喜歡，而且她很瘦，所以父母帶她去看醫(yī)生。通過醫(yī)生展示食物生長過程中的音樂，Anna的父母意識到她們吃的食物是不健康的。之后，Anna全家養(yǎng)成了健康的飲食習慣。
篇章導讀
1．A.ideal B．a(chǎn)greement
C．favourite D．challenge
2．A.thick B．weak
C．clean D．slim
解析：ideal 理想；agreement 協(xié)議；favourite 最喜愛的東西；challenge 挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)下文“her parents were both fat”可知，這些甜食和高熱量的食物是Anna父母最喜愛的食物。故選C。
答案
解析
解析：thick 厚的；weak 虛弱的；clean 干凈的；slim 苗條的。根據(jù)下文“but”可知，上下文內(nèi)容在邏輯上是轉折關系，Anna的父母很胖，但Anna是苗條的。故選D。
3．A.Suddenly B．Specially
C．Sincerely D．Naturally
4．A.depended B．passed
C．lived D．turned
解析：suddenly 突然地；specially 特別地；sincerely 真誠地；naturally 自然地。通常孩子都會像父母之中的一位，但Anna與她的父母都截然不同，所以人們很自然地就會想，Anna到底像誰。故選D。
答案
解析
解析：depend 依靠；pass 經(jīng)過；live 生活，居住；turn 轉動，轉向。根據(jù)下文“It started playing sounds”可知，機器開始運轉，故此處指醫(yī)生啟動機器。turn on意為“打開”。故選D。
5．A.sweet B．relaxing
C．strange D．surprising
6．A.compared B．helped
C．covered D．replaced
解析：sweet 甜美的；relaxing 令人放松的；strange 奇怪的；surprising 令人驚訝的。根據(jù)下文“Still quite pleasant.”可知，這些聲音都是令人愉悅的，所以此處表示令人放松的海浪聲。故選B。
答案
解析
解析：compare 比較；help 幫助；cover 覆蓋；replace 替代。根據(jù)下文“the fish with fruit and vegetables”可知，此處指醫(yī)生把魚換成了水果和蔬菜。故選D。
7．A.stopped B．traveled
C．began D．continued
解析：stop 停止；travel 旅行；begin 開始；continue 繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文可知，醫(yī)生將盤子里的魚換成了水果和蔬菜，根據(jù)下文“there came the sounds of gentle wind, birdsong, and rain”可知，傳來了風聲、鳥聲和雨聲，由此可知，聲音是隨著盤子里的食物的變化而變化的，所以當盤子里的食物從魚變成了水果和蔬菜時，海浪的聲音就停止了。故選A。
答案
解析
8．A.dropped B．washed
C．changed D．offered
解析： drop 掉下；wash 洗；change 更換；offer 提供。根據(jù)下文“this time it was a dish of meat”可知，醫(yī)生換了一盤肉，此處指醫(yī)生再次更換了盤子。故選C。
答案
解析
9．A.farm B．pet
C．forest D．sea
解析： farm 農(nóng)場；pet 寵物；forest 森林；sea 大海。根據(jù)下文“It comes from where the food was born, raised, and prepared.”可知，播放的聲音與食物生產(chǎn)或準備的地方有聯(lián)系，而通常吃的肉都是來自農(nóng)場養(yǎng)殖的動物。故選A。
10．A.break B．lie
C．burn D．sit
解析： break 打破；lie 說謊，躺；burn 燃燒；sit 坐。根據(jù)下文“noisy sounds”和“The noise was so disturbing”可知，機器開始發(fā)出噪聲，這種聲音讓人覺得機器仿佛壞了一樣。break down表示“發(fā)生故障”。故選A。
答案
解析
11．A.amount B．colour
C．type D．quality
解析： amount 數(shù)量；colour 顏色；type 類型；quality 質量。根據(jù)下文“The doctor brought them ice creams, burgers and candy ...”可知，不斷變換的是食物的種類。故選C。
12．A.terrible B．beautiful
C．serious D．quiet
解析： terrible 可怕的；beautiful 美麗的；serious 嚴肅的；quiet 安靜的。根據(jù)上文“The noise was so disturbing”及“still”可知，他們認為這些聲音依然很糟糕。故選A。
答案
解析
13．A.character B．music
C．habit D．requirement
解析： character 性格；music 音樂；habit 習慣；requirement 要求。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，每種食物有對應的聲音，不同的食物在機器前發(fā)出不同的音樂，此處是指Anna能聽懂每種食物自己的音樂。故選B。
14．A.wonderful B．heavy
C．original D．traditional
解析： wonderful 美妙的；heavy 重的；original 原創(chuàng)的；traditional 傳統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)下文“That's why she's slim and healthy.”可知，Anna健康的原因在于她吃的食物很健康，Anna喜歡的食物都來自大自然，這些食物所蘊含的音樂是美妙的。故選A。
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解析
15．A.though B．since
C．therefore D．if
解析：句意：如今，他們都看起來很苗條，因為從那時起，他們房子里的比薩、漢堡、布丁和冰激凌都被水果、蔬菜和魚替代了。though 盡管；since 自從；因為；therefore 因此；if 如果。根據(jù)語境可知，上下文是因果關系。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河北省保定市部分高中高二下月考)Enjoying your workouts can be a complete game changer when it comes to keeping a consistent exercise schedule and avoiding burnout. __1__．
Making exercise more fun
The Heart Matters magazine gives a few recommendations on how to make exercise more fun, such as asking others to join you and exercising for a specific cause, like a marathon for raising funds for an organization. __2__. But why
Research shows that enjoying your exercise can be important for its long term effectiveness. When you are positively engaged in something you choose to do and want to do as opposed to something you have to do, it changes your mindset. A positive mindset during exercising is absolutely essential.
__3__. You are more likely to stick to it if you enjoy it. Most people would rather make a habit of something that brings them pleasure as opposed to something boring. So, what do you find enjoyable What is fun for you
There are so many types of exercise
There are so many types of exercise that people can do. __4__. Running is an excellent form of exercise, as is walking. Dance classes can be super fun as well, and so can sports. Playing sports is a form of exercise that shouldn't be forgotten.
Thinking outside the box is a must, since gyms and workouts that require lots of equipment aren't always available or possible, and depending on these to exercise can possibly leave you without a workout at times. Team sports like basketball, tennis or football with friends are great for your fitness. __5__， or choosing other types of exercise like rope jumping, surfing, rock climbing or belly dancing. Those are all excellent forms of exercise, and your mind and body will thank you for years to come.
A．Exercise benefits you a lot more than before
B．In short, making it fun should be a top priority
C．You'd better form the habit of doing exercise daily
D．Thus, exercise doesn't have to mean going to the gym
E．Another benefit of enjoying your exercise is insisting
F．Don't think twice before enjoying these sports as a workout
G．Discover how enjoying exercise can make you healthier and happier
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了鍛煉的好處。
篇章導讀
1．答案：G
解析：上文“Enjoying your workouts ... avoiding burnout. (當涉及到保持一致的鍛煉計劃和避免倦怠時，享受你的鍛煉可以完全改變游戲規(guī)則。)”提到享受鍛煉的好處，下文對此進行了具體介紹，G項(去發(fā)現(xiàn)享受鍛煉如何讓你更健康、更快樂)承上啟下。故選G。
答案
解析
2．答案：B
解析：根據(jù)小標題“Making exercise more fun (讓鍛煉更有趣)”以及上文“The Heart Matters magazine ... for an organization. (Heart Matters雜志就如何讓鍛煉變得更有趣給出了一些建議，比如邀請別人和你一起鍛煉，為一個特定的原因鍛煉，比如為一個組織籌集資金而參加馬拉松比賽。)”可知，本段主要講述了如何讓鍛煉變得有趣，B項(簡而言之，讓它變得有趣應該是首要任務)符合語境。故選B。
3．答案：E
解析：上文“Research shows that ... long term effectiveness.”提到享受鍛煉的好處之一——對鍛煉的長期效果很重要，下文“You are more likely to stick to it if you enjoy it.”提到如果享受鍛煉，就更有可能堅持下去，即享受鍛煉的另一個好處。E項(享受鍛煉的另一個好處是堅持)符合語境。故選E。
答案
解析
4．答案：D
解析：上文“There are so many types of exercise that people can do.”提到人們可以做的鍛煉有很多種，D項(因此，鍛煉并不一定意味著去健身房)承接上文。故選D。
5．答案：F
解析：上文“Team sports like basketball ... are great for your fitness.”提到團隊運動對健康有好處，由此可知，F(xiàn)項(在享受這些運動作為鍛煉之前不要猶豫)承接上文，且其中的“these sports”指代上文的“Team sports”。故選F。
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解析
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·海南省瓊海市嘉積中學高二下月考)Beyond __1__ (anticipate), in the past few months, AI based image generators like DALL E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion have made __2__ possible for anyone to create unique, hyper realistic images just by typing a few words into a text box. These apps, though new, are already __3__ (surprise) popular. It's still too early __4__ (tell) whether this new wave of apps will be influential enough to rob __5__ (art) of their jobs. What seems clear, regardless __6__ this, is that these tools are already being put to use in creative industries. Sarah Drummond, __7__ is a service designer in London, started to use AI generated images a few months ago to take
the place of __8__ black and white sketches she did for her job. She acknowledged that AI image generators had limitations. They aren't good at more complex sketches, for example, or __9__ (make) multiple images with the same character. And like the other creative professionals, she said she didn't think AI designers __10__ (replace) human illustrators outright.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　
6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能的圖像生成器受到出奇的歡迎并且在創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)使用，但很多創(chuàng)意人士認為它還不能取代人類插畫師。
篇章導讀
1．答案：anticipation
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處作介詞Beyond的賓語，應用名詞，anticipation意為“預期”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填anticipation。
答案
解析
2．答案：it
解析：考查代詞。此處為make it＋adj.＋for sb to do sth結構，應用it作形式賓語，不定式為真正的賓語。故填it。
3．答案：surprisingly
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：這些應用雖然是新產(chǎn)品，但已經(jīng)出奇地受歡迎。修飾形容詞popular，作狀語，應用副詞surprisingly。故填surprisingly。
答案
解析
4．答案：to tell
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句中It為形式主語，應用不定式作真正的主語。故填to tell。
5．答案：artists
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：現(xiàn)在判斷這一新的應用浪潮是否會有足夠的影響力來搶奪藝術家的工作還為時過早。此處作rob的賓語，表示“藝術家”，應用名詞，artist為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)后文their可知，應用復數(shù)。故填artists。
答案
解析
6．答案：of
解析：考查介詞。句意：不管怎樣，這些工具顯然已經(jīng)在創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)中得到了應用。regardless of表示“不管”。故填of。
7．答案：who
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明先行詞Sarah Drummond，指人，從句中缺少主語。故填who。
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解析
8．答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。此處特指她為工作繪制的黑白草圖，應用定冠詞。故填the。
9．答案：making
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處與more complex sketches并列作介詞at的賓語，應用動名詞。故填making。
答案
解析
10．答案：would replace
解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。設空處作賓語從句的謂語，表示將來的動作，根據(jù)主句中的said可知，主句為一般過去時，從句應用過去相對應的時態(tài)，即過去將來時。故填would replace。
(2024·浙江省嘉興市第五高級中學高二下月考)A new study involving nearly 50，000 people from four continents offers new insights into identifying the quantity of daily walking steps that will best improve adults' health and longevity, and whether the ideal number of steps differs across people of different ages. The study represents an effort to develop an evidence based public health message about the benefits of physical activity. The often repeated 10，000 step a day saying grew out of a decades old marketing activity for a Japanese pedometer, with no science to back it up.
精深閱讀
Led by physical activity professor Amanda Paluch, an international group of scientists conducted an experiment among adults aged 18 and older. They grouped the nearly 50，000 participants into four comparative groups according to average steps per day. The lowest step group averaged 3，500 steps; the second, 5，800; the third, 7，800; and the fourth, 10，900 steps per day. Among the three higher active groups, there was a 40%-53% lower risk of death, compared to the lowest step group.
More specifically, for adults 60 and older, the risk of early death leveled off at about 6，000-8，000 steps per day, meaning that more steps than that provided no additional benefit for longevity, while for adults younger than 60, about 8，000-10，000 steps per day.
“So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off. Interestingly, the study found no definitive association with walking speed，” Paluch says.
The new study supports and expands findings from another study led by Paluch before, which found that walking at least 7，000 steps a day reduced middle aged people's risk of early death. “There's a lot of evidence suggesting that moving even a little more is beneficial, particularly for those who are doing very little activity，” Paluch says. “More steps per day are better for your health.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新研究成果，確定了能夠最大程度改善健康、延長壽命的每日步行的步數(shù)，同時調(diào)查了不同年齡段的人每日最佳步數(shù)是否有所不同。
篇章導讀
1．Why did the scientists carry out the new study
A．To know about people's health condition.
B．To explain the pedometer's working principles.
C．To determine the best physical activity for people.
D．To provide a scientific guideline on daily walking.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The study represents ... back it up.(這項研究旨在努力形成一種基于證據(jù)的、關于體力活動益處的公共衛(wèi)生信息。每天走一萬步這一經(jīng)常被重復的說法源于幾十年前日本計步器的營銷活動，但卻沒有科學依據(jù)。)”可知，現(xiàn)有的走路步數(shù)缺乏科學依據(jù)，由此可推知，本研究旨在為日常走路鍛煉提供科學指導。故選D。
答案
解析
2．What does the underlined words “l(fā)eveled off” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Turned higher. B．Became stable.
C．Fell sharply. D．Changed rapidly.
解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語后面的“meaning that more steps ... for longevity”可知，對60歲及以上的成年人來說，更多的步數(shù)對長壽沒有額外的好處，由此可推知，步數(shù)到達一定量之后降低死亡的風險趨于穩(wěn)定，不再變化。level off意為“保持水平，保持平穩(wěn)發(fā)展”。故選B。
答案
解析
3．What does the experiment find
A．The old should walk as much as possible.
B．Young people usually walk more than the old.
C．The most beneficial steps differ by age groups.
D．Walking pace is the key to avoiding early death.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“More specifically ... about 8，000-10，000 steps per day.(更具體地說，對于60歲及以上的成年人來說，每天走6，000～8，000步左右，過早死亡的風險就會趨于平穩(wěn)，這意味著更多的步數(shù)對長壽沒有額外的好處，而對于60歲以下的成年人來說，大約是每天走8，000～10，000步。)”可推知，年齡不同，最佳效果的步數(shù)也不一樣。故選C。
答案
解析
4．What does Paluch advise people doing little activity to do
A．To walk more steps.
B．To control walking speed.
C．To limit walking distance.
D．To track the number of steps.
解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Paluch (帕盧赫)所說的“There's a lot of evidence ... very little activity (有很多證據(jù)表明，多運動一點是有益的，尤其是對那些活動很少的人來說)”和“More steps per day are better for your health.(每天多走幾步對你的健康有益。)”可知，Paluch建議不運動的人應該增加走路步數(shù)。故選A。
答案
解析
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．insight n. ______________
2．_______ v. 實施；組織；執(zhí)行
3．comparative adj. _______________
4．________ adj. 決定性的，確定的
5．_______ v. 減少；使還原
洞悉；了解
conduct
比較的；相對的
definitive
reduce
(二)高頻短語
6．grow out of ______________
7．_________ 支持；證實(某人所言)
8．group ... into ___________
9．______________ 為……提供
10．_____________ 對……有好處
發(fā)展自，源于
back up
把……分組
provide ... for
be good for
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The man ______ (age) 65 started running marathons to stay fit and active.
2．The team has published a study _________ (involve) the development of a new type of battery.
3．____________ (interest), the ancient city was discovered by a group of amateur archaeologists.
aged
involving
Interestingly
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．Before starting the experiment, they grouped the students by age and ability.
__________
5．They are different concepts and also have close association. _____
6．Eating fruits and vegetables is beneficial to maintaining healthy weight. _______
把……分組
聯(lián)系
有益的
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
lead， addition， find
1．The survey's results revealed that most people supported the proposed changes.
_________
2．Directed by a renowned professor, the research project achieved significant results._____
3．The hotel offers added services such as laundry and room service for an extra fee.____________
findings
Led
additional
(六)長難句分析
So, what we saw was this continuing reduction in risk as the number of steps increases, until it levels off.
句意：所以，我們看到的是，隨著步數(shù)的增加，風險持續(xù)降低，直到趨于平穩(wěn)。
分析：主干是_______________________________；what引導_____從句，作為整個句子的主語；as引導__________從句；until引導__________從句。
what we saw ... continuing reduction
主語
時間狀語
時間狀語
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．Good hygiene helps to minimize _________________ (感染的風險)．
2．The writer doesn't _________ (支持) his opinions with examples.
(八)仿寫句子
The study represents an effort to develop an evidence based public health message about the benefits of physical activity.(動詞不定式短語作目的狀語)
仿寫：要想成功，你必須努力學習。
_____________________________
the risk of infection
back up
You have to study hard to succeed.

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