資源簡(jiǎn)介

英語 選擇性必修 第三冊(cè)[RJ]
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．Christianity n. 基督教
2．primitive adj. 發(fā)展水平低的；原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的
n. 文藝復(fù)興前的藝術(shù)家(或作品)
3．two dimensional adj. 二維的
4．mythology n. 神話；虛幻的想法
5．client n. 委托人；當(dāng)事人；客戶
6．Impressionism n. 印象主義；印象派(繪畫風(fēng)格)
7．sunrise n. 日出
8．outer adj. 外表的；外邊的；外圍的
9．Cubism n. 立體主義；立體派
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．breakthrough n. 重大進(jìn)展；突破
2．reputation n. 名譽(yù)；名聲
3．noble n. 貴族成員；出身高貴的人　adj. 崇高的；宏偉的；高貴的
4．rank n. 地位；級(jí)別；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等級(jí)；使排成行
5．purchase vt. 購買；采購　n. 購買；購買的東西
6．emerge vi.& vt. 出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露
7．convey vt. 表達(dá)；傳遞(思想、感情等)；傳送
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(可查字典)
1．precise adj. 準(zhǔn)確的；精確的→precisely adv. 準(zhǔn)確地；精確地；的確如此
2．realistic adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；逼真的→realism n. 逼真；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義；務(wù)實(shí)作風(fēng)→realist n. 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家(或作家等)；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者
3．dimension n. 維；規(guī)模；范圍→dimensional adj. 維的；空間的；尺寸的
4．humanity n. 人性；人道；(統(tǒng)稱)人類→humanistic adj. 人文主義的
5．influential adj. 有很大影響力的；有支配力的→influence vt. 影響；對(duì)……起作用　n. 影響；作用；有影響的人/事物
6．photography n. 照相術(shù)；攝影→photograph n. 照片　v. 拍照；照相→photographer n. 攝影師；拍照者
7．subjective adj. 主觀的→subject n. 主語；主題；學(xué)科
8．subsequent adj. 隨后的；后來的；之后的→subsequently adv. 隨后；后來
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
fond 熟義：adj. 喜愛
生義：adj. (只用于名詞前)深情的；溫情的；慈愛的；(指希望)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的；癡想的
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達(dá)
1．in__particular 尤其；特別
2．set__apart__from 使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……
3．be__fond__of 喜愛；喜歡
課文三維剖析
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A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
西方繪畫簡(jiǎn)史
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition1. As2 there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text3. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art4 is to look at the development of Western painting5 over the centuries. 1動(dòng)詞不定式短語作真正的主語 2引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句 3動(dòng)詞不定式短語作真正的主語 4動(dòng)詞不定式短語作后置定語 5動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語
什么是西方藝術(shù)？很難給出一個(gè)明確的定義。由于西方藝術(shù)風(fēng)格多種多樣，不可能在一篇短文中描述全部。也許，了解西方藝術(shù)的最好方法就是回顧若干個(gè)世紀(jì)以來西方繪畫的發(fā)展。
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
中世紀(jì)時(shí)期(5－15世紀(jì))
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity6. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance7. This began to change8 in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (12671337). While9 his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact. 6動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語 7動(dòng)詞不定式短語作目的狀語 8動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語 9引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
中世紀(jì)時(shí)期，西方藝術(shù)的目的是向人們傳授基督教。因此，藝術(shù)家們對(duì)描繪真實(shí)場(chǎng)景并無興趣，他們的作品往往是原始的、二維的，主角也通常被塑造得比其他人高大許多，以顯示其重要性。13世紀(jì)喬托·迪·邦多納(1267年－1337年)的出現(xiàn)改變了這一現(xiàn)象。盡管他的繪畫仍是宗教主題，但展示了真實(shí)環(huán)境中的真實(shí)人物。他的繪畫尤其以逼真的人臉和強(qiáng)烈的情感沖擊而與眾不同。
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期(14－17世紀(jì))
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result10, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life11. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (14011428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (14521519), Michelangelo (14751564), and Raphael (14831520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest artF12 thatF13 Europe had ever seen. 10介詞短語作狀語 11動(dòng)詞不定式短語作賓語 12動(dòng)詞不定式短語作狀語 13引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞art
新的思想和價(jià)值觀逐漸取代了中世紀(jì)時(shí)期舊的思想和價(jià)值觀。因此，畫家們較少關(guān)注宗教主題。他們開始對(duì)生活采取一種更為人性化的態(tài)度。這一時(shí)期的一項(xiàng)重大突破是馬薩喬(1401年－1428年)對(duì)透視法的運(yùn)用。一些頗具影響力的畫家，例如萊昂納多·達(dá)·芬奇(1452年－1519年)、米開朗琪羅(1475年－1564年)和拉斐爾(1483年－1520年)，在喬托和馬薩喬的創(chuàng)新基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)發(fā)展，創(chuàng)作出歐洲前所未見的一些最偉大的藝術(shù)作品。
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism14, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While15 painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (16061669), who16 gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. 14介詞短語作狀語 15引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 16引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，解釋說明Rembrandt
另一大創(chuàng)新是油性顏料的使用。憑借其濃重的色彩和寫實(shí)主義，一些最好的油畫作品看上去與照片相似。盡管早在達(dá)·芬奇時(shí)代，一些畫家就使用油彩繪畫，但倫勃朗(1606年－1669年)使得這種技藝達(dá)到頂峰，他擁有“光影大師”的雅稱。
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology17. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that18 were beautiful and interesting to look at. 17現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語 18引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞paintings
在題材方面，重心日益從宗教主題轉(zhuǎn)向我們身邊的人與世界。國王、貴族和地位顯赫的人都想購買自己及其所愛之人的精確畫像，而其他人想要的則是展示重大歷史事件或神話故事的繪畫。最后，大多數(shù)顧客想要的是漂亮、有趣的繪畫。
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)
印象派時(shí)期(19世紀(jì)末－20世紀(jì)初)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid 19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what19 people and the world looked like.Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (18401926) called Impression, Sunrise20. In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement21 in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him22 —but not a detailed record of the scene itself. 19引導(dǎo)賓語從句 20過去分詞短語作后置定語 21動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語 22省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語從句，修飾先行詞impression
在19世紀(jì)中葉攝影術(shù)發(fā)明之前，西方藝術(shù)發(fā)展緩慢。攝影術(shù)發(fā)明之后，繪畫不再需要保留人與世界的模樣。因此，畫家必須找到一種新的方式來看待他們的藝術(shù)。于是，印象主義在法國應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。這項(xiàng)新運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱源自克勞德·莫奈(1840年－1926年)名為《日出·印象》的繪畫作品。在這幅作品里，莫奈的目的是傳遞場(chǎng)景中的光與運(yùn)動(dòng)——即場(chǎng)景給予他的主觀印象，而非對(duì)場(chǎng)景本身的一種具體記錄。
While23 many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (18411919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black and white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well24. 23引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句 24動(dòng)詞不定式短語作賓語
雖然許多印象派畫家描繪的是大自然或日常生活中的場(chǎng)景，但是雷諾阿(1841年－1919年)等其他畫家卻側(cè)重于人物。與那一時(shí)期冷色調(diào)的黑白照片不同，雷諾阿的繪畫飽含光影、色彩和生活元素。他力求既展示主題人物的外在形象，又展示其內(nèi)在的溫暖和人性。
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)
現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)時(shí)期(20世紀(jì)至今)
After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do next？” Painters such as Picasso (18811973) tried to analyse the shapes which25 existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What26 they attempted to do was no longer show reality27, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？” 25引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞shapes 26引導(dǎo)主語從句 27省略了to的動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語
在印象主義之后，后代的藝術(shù)家們開始發(fā)問：“接下來我們應(yīng)該做什么？”畢加索(1881年－1973年)等畫家試圖分析自然世界中存在的形狀，但是以一種新的方式——立體主義。其他畫家則賦予自己的繪畫一種寫實(shí)卻又夢(mèng)幻般的品質(zhì)。還有一些畫家則轉(zhuǎn)向抽象藝術(shù)。他們所做的嘗試不再是展示現(xiàn)實(shí)，而是提出這一問題：“藝術(shù)是什么？”
閱讀領(lǐng)悟
(一)填空并連線
(二)問題鏈
1．What did painters mainly paint during the Middle Ages
Things__related__to__religion.
2．When did the oil painting come into being
During__the__Renaissance.
3．What caused the emergence of Impressionism
The__invention__of__photography.
探究一　熱詞
1.reputation n. 名譽(yù)；名聲(教材P2)
gain/acquire/earn/enjoy a reputation as ... 獲得/贏得/享有……的聲譽(yù) damage/ruin one's reputation有損/敗壞某人的聲譽(yù) have a good/bad reputation有好/壞名聲 have a reputation for ... 以……著稱/聞名 live up to one's reputation名副其實(shí)
①She soon acquired a reputation as a first class cook.
她不久就獲得了一級(jí)廚師的名譽(yù)。
②The hotel has a bad reputation.
這家旅館的名聲不好。
③She has a reputation for being calm and cool headed.
她以沉著冷靜著稱。(人物描寫)
④The weather in England is living up to its reputation.
英格蘭的天氣真是名副其實(shí)。(旅游出行)
　reputation和fame都有“名聲”的意思。reputation可指好名聲，亦可指壞名聲，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們心目中的印象；fame強(qiáng)調(diào)較高的知名度。
選詞填空(reputation/fame)
①She went to Hollywood in search of fame and fortune.
②The company's reputation was damaged by the scandal.
完成句子
③那位選手在比賽時(shí)作弊了，這有損他的聲譽(yù)。
The player cheated during the game, which__damaged__his__reputation．
④作為一名教師，他以耐心和負(fù)責(zé)著稱。
As a teacher, he has__a__reputation__for__being__patient__and__responsible.
2.rank n. 地位；級(jí)別；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等級(jí)；使排成行(教材P2)
in rank 排名；按等級(jí) of high rank 高級(jí)別的；上層的 rank as ... 被列為…… rank with ... 與……并列 rank/be ranked＋序數(shù)詞 排名第……
①Promotion will mean that I'm immediately above him in rank.
晉升將意味著我的級(jí)別直接高于他。
②She said that 1989 must rank as the most remarkable year for change in Europe since 1848.
她說1989年是歐洲自1848年以來變化最顯著的一年。
③This must rank with (＝be as good as) one of the greatest movies ever made.
這部影片一定可以與史上最優(yōu)秀的影片之一相媲美。
④Agassi was at that time ranked sixth in the world.
當(dāng)時(shí)，阿加西在世界上排名第六。
單句語法填空
①She was not used to mixing with people of high rank.
②The novel can rank with the best of the last ten years.
③Today's match ranks as one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played.
翻譯
④據(jù)說他的妻子在公司的級(jí)別比他高。
It's__said__that__his__wife__is__above__him__in__rank__in__the__company.
⑤去年，他在他的年齡段中排名第二。
Last__year,__he__(was)__ranked__second__in__his__age__group.
3.purchase vt. 購買；采購　n. 購買；購買的東西(教材P2)
purchaser n. 購買者；采購人員；買主 purchase sth for sb 為某人購買某物 purchase sth from ... 從……購買/采購某物 purchase sth with ... 用/通過……購買某物 make a purchase 購買；采購 for the purchase of ... 用于購買……
①She has purchased a villa for her parents in Shanghai.
她在上海為她的父母購買了一幢別墅。
②The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.
設(shè)備可以從當(dāng)?shù)毓?yīng)商處購買。
③She purchased her first house with the money.
她用這筆錢買了她的第一套房子。
④She made two purchases from my stall yesterday.
她昨天從我的攤位上買了兩件東西。
⑤He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books.
他給了他兒子一些錢用于購買課本。
單句語法填空
①While staying in the village, we used to purchase fresh vegetables from the locals.
②As there was a special promotion, my mother made a lot of purchases (purchase) on the Internet.
完成句子
③你認(rèn)為借助網(wǎng)上銀行服務(wù)購物安全嗎？
Do you think it is safe to__purchase__goods__with__the__help__of__online__banking__services
④他工作了一整個(gè)夏天，是為了存錢買架鋼琴。
He worked all summer to__save__money__for__the__purchase__of__a__piano.
4.emerge vi.& vt. 出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露(教材P3)
emergence n. 出現(xiàn)；興起 emerge from(從隱蔽處或暗處)出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)，露出；(從困境中)幸存下來，擺脫出來 emerge as 以……的形式出現(xiàn) It emerged that ... 結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)……
①The emergence of small Japanese cars in the 1970s challenged the US and European manufacturers.
20世紀(jì)70年代，日本小型汽車的出現(xiàn)對(duì)美國和歐洲汽車制造商構(gòu)成了挑戰(zhàn)。
②The two girls suddenly emerged from among the trees, both of whom seemed to be calm and unhurt.
那兩個(gè)女孩突然從樹叢中冒了出來，她們看起來都很鎮(zhèn)靜也沒受傷。(人物描寫)
③He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.
他成為這次運(yùn)動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵人物。
④It emerged that the judge had employed an illegal immigrant.
結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)法官雇用了一名非法移民。
單句語法填空
①They slowly emerged from the church into the bright daylight.
②That is the emergence (emerge) of a new world order over the past decade.
③Online language learning has emerged as an updated learning trend for the web based learners.
④It emerged that they didn't agree with each other.
翻譯
⑤二十世紀(jì)六十年代出現(xiàn)了許多新興國家。
The__1960s__saw__the__emergence__of__many__new__nations.
5.convey vt. 表達(dá)；傳遞(思想、感情等)；傳送(教材P3)
convey ... to sb 向某人表達(dá)/傳遞(感情等) convey sb/sth from A to B 把某人/某物從A地運(yùn)送到B地 convey to sb that/wh 從句 向某人表達(dá)…… convey one's feeling/meaning/appreciation/affection/emotion 表達(dá)某人的感情/意思/欣賞/喜愛/情感
①The teacher used simple language to convey the complex concept to the students.
老師用簡(jiǎn)單的語言向?qū)W生們表達(dá)了這個(gè)復(fù)雜的概念。
②Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.
管道將熱水從鍋爐輸送到暖氣片。
③He wanted to convey to me that an expensive car doesn't make me a better person or better player.
他想告訴我，一輛昂貴的汽車并不能讓我成為一個(gè)更好的人或更好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。
④Through his music, the artist successfully conveyed his feeling of joy and freedom.
這位藝術(shù)家通過他的音樂成功地表達(dá)了他的快樂和自由之情。
單句語法填空
①Your luggage will be__conveyed (convey) to the hotel by taxi.
②He tried desperately to convey to her how urgent the situation was.
③Please convey my gratitude to your parents for their warm welcome and gracious hospitality.
完成句子
④我真不知道如何表達(dá)我對(duì)您的感激之情。(感謝信)
I really don't know how__to__convey__my__great__gratitude__to__you for your great favour.
6．realistic adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；逼真的→realism n. 逼真；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義；務(wù)實(shí)作風(fēng)→realist n. 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家(或作家等)；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者
As a realist, she prefers realism in her paintings, creating realistic scenes that are true to life.
作為一名現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家，她在繪畫中偏愛現(xiàn)實(shí)主義，創(chuàng)造出真實(shí)的生活場(chǎng)景。
7．influential adj. 有很大影響力的；有支配力的→influence vt. 影響；對(duì)……起作用　n. 影響；作用；有影響的人/事物
The influential leader's speech had a profound influence on the crowd, inspiring them to take action.
這位有影響力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的講話對(duì)群眾產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，激勵(lì)他們采取行動(dòng)。
單句語法填空
①His book has been very influential (influence) in shaping modern education practices.
②If you can set realistic (realism) goals, you are most likely to achieve them.
完成句子
③他的第一位音樂老師是他一生中對(duì)他影響非常大的人。
His first music teacher was__a__major__influence__in__his__life．
8　fond
[熟義]adj. 喜愛 [生義]adj. (只用于名詞前)深情的；溫情的；慈愛的；(指希望)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的；癡想的
①We had grown fond of the house and didn't want to leave.
我們已經(jīng)喜歡上了這座房子，不想離開。
②The fond parents watched their child perform on stage with pride in their eyes.
慈愛的父母驕傲地看著他們的孩子在舞臺(tái)上表演。
③My fond hope is that we will be ready by Christmastime.
我癡想著希望我們可以在圣誕假期前準(zhǔn)備就緒。
同義詞替換
①I have very fond memories of my time in Spain. affectionate
翻譯
②我們彼此深情地道別，并答應(yīng)寫信。
We__said__a__fond__farewell__to__each__other____and__promised__to__write.
③我整日等待，癡心地希望她會(huì)回心轉(zhuǎn)意。
I__waited__all__day__in__the__fond__hope__that__she__would__change__her__mind.
探究二　短語
9.in particular 尤其；特別(教材 P2)
particular adj. 專指的；特別的；挑剔的 particularly adv. 尤其；特別 be particular about/over ... 對(duì)……挑剔；對(duì)……講究 be particular to ... 為……所特有
①The festival attracted many visitors, but young people in particular seemed to enjoy it the most.
這個(gè)節(jié)日吸引了很多游客，特別是年輕人似乎最喜歡它。
②I often do absent minded things, particularly when I'm worried.
我經(jīng)常做一些心不在焉的事情，尤其是當(dāng)我擔(dān)心的時(shí)候。
③He is very particular about the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
他對(duì)廚房很挑剔——每樣?xùn)|西都必須干凈整齊。(人物描寫)
單句語法填空
①Don't be too particular about/over what you eat and wear; pay more attention to your study and work.
②More local employment will be created, particularly (particular) in service industries.
③The whole meal was good but the wine in particular was excellent.
翻譯
④眾所周知，熊貓是中國所特有的。
As__is__known__to__all,__pandas__are__particular__to__China.
10.set apart from 使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……(教材P2)
set其他相關(guān)短語： set aside 留出(錢或時(shí)間)；把……放到一旁 set down 讓(某人)下車；寫下，記下 set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；引發(fā)；使(炸彈等)爆炸 set out (＋for＋地點(diǎn))動(dòng)身，啟程(去……)；(＋to do sth) 開始著手做某事 set about (doing) sth 開始/著手(做)某事 set up 建起，設(shè)立；建立，開辦，創(chuàng)建；豎起；安裝好
①Her clear and elegant writing sets her apart from other journalists.
她清晰優(yōu)雅的文筆使她在其他記者中脫穎而出。
②Doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry.
醫(yī)生建議每天留出一點(diǎn)時(shí)間來解決煩心事。(建議信)
③He was the one who first set down the stories of the Celtic storytellers.
他是首位將凱爾特說書人講的故事記載下來的人。
④Kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.
凱特動(dòng)身前往海灣另一邊的房子。
單句語法填空
①Dust, air pollution or smoke can set off an asthma attack.
②We'd better set aside these paper cups for the next party.
翻譯
③他的獨(dú)特才能使他在團(tuán)隊(duì)中脫穎而出。
His__unique__talent__sets__him__apart__from__the__rest__of__the__group.
探究三　長難句分析
11.He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.(教材P3) 他力求既展示主題人物的外在形象，又展現(xiàn)其內(nèi)在的溫暖和人性。
【分析】　not just ... but ... 意為“不僅……而且……”，連接兩個(gè)并列成分。
當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列的名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致”原則 類似用法的還有：not only ... but (also) ... (不僅……而且……)，either ... or ... (不是……就是……), neither ... nor ... (既不……也不……)，not ... but ... (不是……而是……)，there be句型
①He believes a good trainer can also serve as a role model—not just during classes, but in daily life.
他認(rèn)為，一個(gè)好的教練也可以成為一個(gè)榜樣——不僅在課堂上，而且在日常生活中。
②Dear stranger, thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out, but made her day too.
親愛的陌生人，謝謝你這隨意的善舉，不僅幫助了我媽媽，還讓她過得很開心。
③We can either eat now or after the show—it's up to you.
我們可以現(xiàn)在吃，也可以等演出結(jié)束后再吃——由你決定。
④There are neither good nor bad professions, only suitable or unsuitable ones.
職業(yè)沒有好壞之分，只有適合與不適合之分。
單句語法填空
①Either you or your father is__required (require) to answer the letter.
②He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.
③He had neither the time nor the inclination to think of other things.
完成句子
④自從地震發(fā)生以來，這名醫(yī)生和她的同事們夜以繼日地?fù)尵葌麊T。(自然災(zāi)害)
Since the earthquake occurred, not just the doctor but__her__workmates__have__been__engaged_
_in saving the injured round the clock.
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1．purchase vt. 購買；采購　n. 購買；購買的東西
2．humanity n. 人性；人道；(統(tǒng)稱)人類
3．noble n. 貴族成員；出身高貴的人　adj. 崇高的；宏偉的；高貴的
4．photography n. 照相術(shù)；攝影
5．emerge vi.& vt. 出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露
6．set__apart__from 使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……
7．be__fond__of 喜愛；喜歡
8．a(chǎn)ttempt__to__do__sth 嘗試做某事
9．in__particular 尤其；特別
10．concentrate__on 集中于
(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1．Researchers reported another important breakthrough in cancer research.重大進(jìn)展；突破
2．His reputation was destroyed when he was caught stealing some money.名譽(yù)；名聲
3．Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals. 原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的
4．He was one of the most influential performers of modern jazz. 有很大影響力的
5．I've always been fond of poetry and one piece has always stuck in my mind.喜愛
維度二　語境運(yùn)用
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The emergence (emerge) and spread of new diseases is one example that needs to be taken seriously.
2．The problem is due to discipline, or, more precisely (precise), the lack of discipline, in schools.
3．There are limited diseases that can be cured but the humanistic (humanity) care we could provide is unlimited.
4．In his subsequent (subsequently) speech, he referred to the matter again.
5．It is not realistic (realism) to expect people to spend so much money in the hard times.
(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
reputation, purchase, precise, noble, convey
1．A house is the most expensive buy that most people ever made.purchase
2．He was an upright and great man who was always willing to help in any way he could.noble
3．We will express this kindness to the people in China when we return.convey
4．This is an opportunity to enhance the fame of the company.reputation
5．Can you give a more accurate definition of the word？precise
維度三　能力提升
(五)長難句分析
(2023·浙江高考1月)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me.
句意：五年前，當(dāng)我開始轉(zhuǎn)向零浪費(fèi)的生活方式時(shí)，經(jīng)歷了這一點(diǎn)，當(dāng)時(shí)我和父母住在一起，我和我的丈夫也繼續(xù)經(jīng)歷這一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗幌裎夷菢油耆憷速M(fèi)。
分析：句子主干是I experienced this and I continue to experience this，并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)“主謂賓”結(jié)構(gòu)。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，第一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；第二個(gè)as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。
(六)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1．The farm work over, while I was tired out, I felt happy because I realized the value of labour. (用although/though改寫)
→The farm work over, although/though__I__was__tired__out,__I felt happy because I realized the value of labour.
2．The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise with the emergence of cars.(用as從句改寫)
→The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise as__more__and__more__cars__emerge．
維度四　素養(yǎng)提升
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1. His use of language sets__him__apart__from (使他優(yōu)于) other modern writers.
2．I would appreciate it if you could introduce your school, after class activities in__particular (尤其)．
3．He didn't like doing sports but was__fond__of (喜歡) eating snacks.
(八)翻譯
1．對(duì)他來說，最重要的是保持健康和快樂。(動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語)
The__most__important__thing__for__him__is__to__stay__healthy__and__happy.
2．他不僅通過了考試，還獲得了全班最高分。(not only ... but ... )
He__not__only__passed__the__exam,__but__got__the__highest__score__in__the__class.
課后課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)
溫馨提示：豐富的語料是寫作的源泉，與其單獨(dú)背那些枯燥的熱詞佳句，不如在閱讀語境中輕松記憶語篇題中的黑體(除標(biāo)題和設(shè)題外)語句，日積月累，悄然完成遷移，提升寫作。
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號(hào) Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·福建省福州市高二下月考)A self taught painter in Chongqing, who spent four years creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China, has attracted a lot of attention online.
Pu Zhen, who was born in Chongqing in 1993, __1__ in animation design at college. He started teaching himself painting nine years ago. “The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through __3__ practice，” he said.
In 2018, __4__ by an old notebook he had filled with the names of Chinese cities, he __5__ the idea of doing a unique illustration for each. “I just __6__ my inspiration in creating the city series. Each illustration __7__ a city's typical features，” he said.
　The creative __8__ of the main elements of each city are __9__. Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (標(biāo)志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends. However, they all have the moon as a common image.
“The biggest __10__ is myself，” said Pu, adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts. “But I do feel __12__ that my works are acknowledged by many fans online. Traditional Chinese city __13__ are always worth passing on.”
　 Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more. __15__， everyone wants to see their hometowns painted by Pu Zhen. In the future, Pu plans to travel around the country and create illustrations for more cities.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。重慶一位90后畫師用4年的時(shí)間給100個(gè)中國城市繪制畫像，一城一景，描繪了月光之下美輪美奐的中國城市景象。
1．A.applied B．majored
C．worked D．researched
答案：B
解析：apply 應(yīng)用；major 主修；work 工作；research 研究。根據(jù)后文的“animation design at college”可知，樸縝在大學(xué)所學(xué)的專業(yè)是動(dòng)畫設(shè)計(jì)。major in表示“主修”。故選B。
2．A.figure out B．go over
C．make up D．turn down
答案：A
解析：figure out 想出；弄清楚；go over 越過；復(fù)習(xí)；make up 組成；turn down 調(diào)低；拒絕。根據(jù)前文的“The most difficult”和后文的“my own painting style”可知，樸縝認(rèn)為弄清楚自己的繪畫風(fēng)格是最困難的部分。故選A。
3．A.casual B．constant
C．formal D．random
答案：B
解析：casual 隨意的；constant 不斷的；formal 正式的；random 隨機(jī)的。根據(jù)前文的“The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through”和后文的“practice”可知，要想弄清楚自己的繪畫風(fēng)格，需要在不斷實(shí)踐中探索。故選B。
4．A.moved B．encouraged
C．taught D．inspired
答案：D
解析：move 移動(dòng)；encourage 鼓勵(lì)；teach 教授；inspire 賦予靈感；啟發(fā)。根據(jù)后文的“by an old notebook ... illustration for each”和“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，一本寫滿中國城市名字的舊筆記本賦予了他靈感，他有了為每個(gè)城市做一個(gè)獨(dú)特的插圖的想法。故選D。
5．A.put up with B．came up with
C．took care of D．made use of
答案：B
解析：put up with 忍受；come up with 想出；提出；take care of 照顧；make use of 利用。根據(jù)后文的“the idea of doing a unique illustration for each”并結(jié)合前文的“creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China”可知，他有了為每個(gè)城市做一個(gè)獨(dú)特的插圖的想法。故選B。
6．A.invented B．followed
C．imagined D．discovered
答案：B
解析：invent 發(fā)明；follow 跟隨；imagine 想象；discover 發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文的“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，樸縝跟隨自己的靈感創(chuàng)作了這個(gè)城市系列。follow one's inspiration為固定短語，意為“追隨某人的靈感”。故選B。
7．A.determines B．suggests
C．reflects D．impresses
答案：C
解析：determine 決定；suggest 建議；reflect 反映；反射；impress 給人留下深刻印象。根據(jù)后文的“a city's typical features”可知，插圖反映了一個(gè)城市的典型特征。故選C。
8．A.sources B．stories
C．messages D．materials
答案：A
解析：source 來源；story 故事；message 消息；material 材料。根據(jù)后文的“of the main elements of each city”和“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (標(biāo)志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，不同城市的創(chuàng)意來源是不同的。故選A。
9．A.stable B．similar
C．obvious D．different
答案：D
解析：stable 穩(wěn)定的；similar 相似的；obvious 明顯的；different 不同的。根據(jù)“The creative ... cultural legends.”可知，不同的城市的創(chuàng)意來源是不同的。故選D。
10．A.challenge B．honor
C．improvement D．victory
答案：A
解析：challenge 挑戰(zhàn)；honor 榮譽(yù)；improvement 改進(jìn)；victory 勝利。根據(jù)后文的“adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts”可知，他必須克服孤獨(dú)和內(nèi)心沖突，所以最大的挑戰(zhàn)是他自己。故選A。
11．A.course B．process
C．moment D．stage
答案：B
解析：根據(jù)前文的“during the time consuming”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，繪制100幅圖是一個(gè)很費(fèi)時(shí)的過程。故選B。
12．A.surprised B．confused
C．delighted D．touched
答案：C
解析：surprised 吃驚的；confused 困惑的；delighted 高興的；touched 感動(dòng)的。根據(jù)后文的“that my works are acknowledged by many fans online”可知，樸縝的作品在網(wǎng)上得到了許多粉絲的認(rèn)可，所以他很高興。故選C。
13．A.cultures B．policies
C．systems D．values
答案：A
解析：culture 文化；policy 政策；system 系統(tǒng)；value 價(jià)值。根據(jù)前文的“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (標(biāo)志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，樸縝的畫傳遞的是中國城市的傳統(tǒng)文化元素。故選A。
14．A.judged B．studied
C．a(chǎn)ttended D．received
答案：D
解析：judge 判斷；study 研究；attend 參加；receive 受到(某種待遇或傷害)；對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)。根據(jù)前文的“my works are acknowledged by many fans online”和“Not only are Pu's paintings well”可知，樸縝的作品在網(wǎng)上受到好評(píng)。be well received意為“受到好評(píng)”。故選D。
15．A.Undoubtedly B．Eventually
C．Hopefully D．Generally
答案：A
解析：undoubtedly 毫無疑問；eventually 最終；hopefully 有希望地；generally 通常。根據(jù)前文的“Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more.”可知，樸縝的畫不僅在網(wǎng)上廣受歡迎，而且網(wǎng)民們也渴望欣賞更多，此處是指毫無疑問，每個(gè)人都想看到樸縝描繪自己的家鄉(xiāng)。故選A。
Ⅱ　閱讀
(2024·廣東省湛江市第二十一中學(xué)高二下月考)Born in the Netherlands in 1853, Van Gogh led a simple life in a small town until the age of 16. He then left school and joined a firm of art dealers in the large city of The Hague. He eventually realised that dealing with others' artwork was not his profession. His true love was to become an artist himself.
He devoted much of his time to learning the fundamentals of drawing. Van Gogh believed that to become a great painter, one must first master the ability to draw. It was only after he was comfortable in this area that he began to use oil paints. That is when he developed a style and talent for colour that made him one of the most respected artists of all time.
　Van Gogh's paintings are amazing representations of his view of the world. The colours jump off the canvas (畫布), not only because of their brightness but also because of the brush strokes (筆觸). Van Gogh avoided light, feathery strokes, which would portray (描寫) typical subjects. Instead, he used his brush and oils to make layers that built the painting until it was almost three dimensional.
Perhaps one of the most memorable examples of Van Gogh's use of colour and brush style is his painting The Starry Night. The sky swirls (打旋) across the canvas, while the stars shine with unearthly brightness. Each brushstroke creates the image of movement. The Starry Night shows Van Gogh's great ability to create a powerful image with simple subjects.
　Van Gogh spent only the last ten years of his life painting. He is believed to have sold only one of the 900 paintings he created during those years. Yet today Van Gogh is considered one of the greatest artists of all time. His influence is evident; many painters mimic his style and use of colour. His artwork can be found in museums all over the world and is valued in millions of dollars, an evidence for Vincent Van Gogh's talent.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Van Gogh (凡·高)在色彩和事物的形態(tài)塑造方面獨(dú)具一格，并以其代表作《星夜》為例進(jìn)行了具體說明。
1．According to the text, Van Gogh learnt how to paint by ________．
A．a(chǎn)cquiring basic drawing techniques
B．closely observing the world around him
C．carefully studying the works of great artists
D．reading many books about art
答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Van Gogh believed that ... use oil paints.”可知，Van Gogh認(rèn)為要成為偉大的畫家，必須要先掌握基礎(chǔ)的繪畫技巧。故選A。
2．Which of the following does the author seem to admire most about Van Gogh's paintings
A．The images. B．The mood.
C．The themes. D．The brushwork.
答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第三段中的“Van Gogh's paintings ... the brush strokes (筆觸)．”可知，Van Gogh成為一位受人尊敬的畫家的主要原因是他對(duì)色彩的把握有自己的風(fēng)格和天賦。由此可知，作者最欣賞Van Gogh畫作的筆觸。故選D。
3．Why does the author refer to The Starry Night
A．To praise Van Gogh's ability.
B．To prove Van Gogh's respect for nature.
C．To show Van Gogh's style of painting.
D．To indicate Van Gogh's feelings about his art.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第四段中的“Perhaps one of the most memorable examples ... the image of movement.”可推知，作者提到《星夜》這幅畫是為了展示Van Gogh的繪畫風(fēng)格。故選C。
4．What does the underlined word “mimic” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Tolerate. B．Judge.
C．Copy. D．Notice.
答案：C
解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Yet today Van Gogh is considered ... His influence is evident (然而，今天的凡·高被認(rèn)為是有史以來最偉大的藝術(shù)家之一。他的影響是顯而易見的)”以及下文“his style and use of colour (他的風(fēng)格和色彩的應(yīng)用)”可知，Van Gogh的作品影響深遠(yuǎn)，許多人都在模仿他的畫風(fēng)。畫線詞意為“模仿，效法”。故選C。
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·河北省唐山市高二上期末)Healthy eating is something __1__ everyone knows they should do, but few of us do it as __2__ (regular) as we would like. The purpose of this guide is __3__ (share) practical strategies on how to eat healthy.
If you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts and sweet drinks, because sugar is more a killer __4__ fatty food. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which __5__ (be) full of vitamins and fibre, rather than __6__ (process) foods. In addition, it is also important to include some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide necessary protein for strong __7__ (bone) and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is crucial. The ideal diet is a balanced one, without too much __8__ too little of any one thing. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly, __9__ (allow) your body to digest your food better.
Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. It is up to you to decide __10__ you want to live, and to make right decisions about your diet.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了健康飲食的一些實(shí)用策略。
1．答案：that
解析：考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞something，從句中缺賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
2．答案：regularly
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞do。故填regularly。
3．答案：to share
解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：本指南旨在分享關(guān)于如何健康飲食的實(shí)用策略。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語，解釋主語的具體內(nèi)容。故填to share。
4．答案：than
解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)設(shè)空前的more可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞than。故填than。
5．答案：are
解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，解釋說明先行詞fruit and vegetables；設(shè)空處描述一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，which指代先行詞，在從句中作主語，表示復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。故填are。
6．答案：processed
解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。process與其修飾詞foods之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語。故填processed。
7．答案：bones
解析：考查名詞。bone意為“骨骼”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，表示泛指。故填bones。
8．答案：or
解析：考查連詞。此處指理想飲食是均衡的，沒有太多或太少某種東西，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用選擇性并列連詞or表示“或者”。故填or。
9．答案：allowing
解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填allowing。
10．答案：how
解析：考查賓語從句的連接詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作方式狀語，表示“如何”，應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)。故填how。
　精深閱讀
(2024·廣東省華僑中學(xué)高二下月考)If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
　The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document in fifteenth century society, through Van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12 month stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
　The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
　Guernica, a large black and white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofaí in Madrid.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四幅名畫，它們都經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。
1．Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A．The Arnolfini Portrait.
B．The Starry Night.
C．The Harvesters.
D．Guernica.
答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Arnolfini Portrait部分中的“... produced in 1434”，The Starry Night部分中的“... France between 1889 and 1890”，The Harvesters部分中的“... in 1565”和Guernica部分中的“... Pablo Picasso in 1937”可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是最早創(chuàng)作的畫。故選A。
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oil.
B．It wasn't widely recognized before 1940s.
C．It described the painter's life in hospital.
D．It was given away to the museum by a private collector.
答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Starry Night部分中的“When the Museum ... famous works.”可知，The Starry Night在1940年之前并不出名。故選B。
3．Who created the painting representing the massive catastrophe the Nazism brought to people
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Guernica部分中的“Guernica, a large black and white oil painting ... the tragedies of war.”可知，Pablo Picasso創(chuàng)作了這幅表現(xiàn)納粹主義給人類帶來巨大災(zāi)難的畫作。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．masterpiece n. 杰作；代表作
2．informative adj. 提供有用信息的；給予知識(shí)的
3．symbolism n. 象征主義
4．a(chǎn)bstract adj. 抽象的
5．private adj. 私人的；私有的
(二)高頻短語
6．be crazy about 癡迷于
7．engage__in 參與；參加，從事于
8．refer__to 提到；查閱
9．a(chǎn)s a result 因此
10．be__housed__at 被安置于……
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The temperature is expected to rise moderately (moderate) over the next few days.
2．Her expressive (express) eyes told me everything she wanted to say.
3．The artist's paintings are visually (visual) stunning, capturing the beauty of nature.
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．The gallery is exhibiting some of the artist's earliest painting works.作品
5．This painting is a reminder of the good times we had during our college years.引起回憶的事物
6．The government has introduced new policies to encourage domestic manufacturing.國內(nèi)的
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．Inside, 20 km of galleries collect thousands of works of art.house
2．The museum is known for its exquisite Russian oil paintings.famed
3．The auction house is selling an oil painting painted by a famous Impressionist artist.produced
(六)長難句分析
If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
句意：如果你癡迷于繪畫，那就一定不能錯(cuò)過以下四幅經(jīng)得起時(shí)間考驗(yàn)的杰作。
分析：主干是you__shouldn't__miss__the__masterpieces；If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞four__famous__masterpieces。
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．My friend is__crazy__about (癡迷于) photography and takes pictures of everything she sees.
2．Nowadays, office workers rarely engage__in (參加) regular exercise.
(八)仿寫句子
The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. (定語從句)
仿寫：你有什么想為自己說的嗎？
Do__you__have__anything__that__you__want__to__say__for__yourself
課后課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比40%)　拔高題(占比30%)
題號(hào) Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·全國甲卷)Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 18801990：Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (無脊椎動(dòng)物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工藝) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (編織)．
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)的相關(guān)藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)制作活動(dòng)。
1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.
B．It offers art courses for all ages.
C．It presents recreational activities.
D．It is a major tourist attraction.
答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“We look forward to ... art exhibitions and art－making activities.”可知，ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)將通過表演、藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)來展示哈佛藝術(shù)界的創(chuàng)造力。由此可知，ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)提供娛樂活動(dòng)。故選C。
2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A．Light Awash in Watercolor.
B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C．Wheel Throwing.
D．Knitting and Pom Pom Making.
答案：A
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Light Awash in Watercolor部分中的“Learn about ... of watercolor paint”和“Try your hand ... used by artists”可知，在Light Awash in Watercolor項(xiàng)目中可以了解水彩顏料的原料和特點(diǎn)，還可以嘗試藝術(shù)家們使用的一些繪畫技巧。因此如果你對(duì)繪畫感興趣，可以參加該項(xiàng)目。故選A。
3．What can you do together with Javier Marin
A．Practice a traditional dance.
B．Make handcrafts.
C．Visit a local museum.
D．Feed invertebrates.
答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity部分中的“Join Javier Marin ... out of craft (手工藝) materials.”可知，人們可以和Javier Marin (哈維爾·馬林)一起用手工藝材料制作自己的“無脊椎藝術(shù)家”，即一起進(jìn)行手工制作。故選B。
B
(2024·云南師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高二下月考)What is art That's an easy question to answer. Art is a painting, a drawing or a sculpture. Now there are new items to add to the list. Art is a dead shark in a glass case. Artisan unmade bed. Art is a video of a group of people standing completely still for sixty minutes.
A new group of young artists began to produce work to challenge the accepted idea of what art is and the role the artist should play in society. This group came to be known as the YBAs—the Young British Artists. The art of the YBAs does not just stick to painting and sculpture. It uses all kinds of different materials to express the feeling of the artist.
Damien Hirst is the most famous of the YBAs. The Shark in the Box is his work and is meant to express his own fear of dying. The shark stands for death. Right now, it is harmless. But eventually it will come for you. There is nothing to be done about it.
　Traditionally, artists have a message. They use their skills to lead us to enlightenment (啟迪). The message of the YBAs is that they cannot do this. They are just as mixed up and confused as everybody else. A journalist once asked Damien Hirst what his next idea was for an artwork. “I don't know what I'm going to do next. I never know what I'm going to do next，” he replied.
Another YBA, Tracy Emin recently produced a work called Bed. This is just her own bed with the sheets disarranged and dirty. And the message “Look at me—I'm a mess.”
Some artists work with citizens in producing their work. Gillian Wearing filmed a group of people dressed as policemen trying to keep still for 60 minutes while standing on top of a table. At the end of that time, the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor. You can try to be a good citizen and a respectable member of the community. But don't try too hard or the pressure will be too much.
Art mirrors the sale of society. In the work of the YBAs we can see a society on the threshold (開端) of the future—a bit worried, a bit excited and wondering what is going to happen next. The YBAs can't guide us, but they can make the journey more interesting.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一群英國青年藝術(shù)家(YBAs)以及他們的作品形式。
4．What's the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 1
A．To provide background information.
B．To start a topic for the readers.
C．To present the main idea of the text.
D．To introduce the key characters in the text.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段內(nèi)容可推知，第一段的目的是引出藝術(shù)家的定義這一話題。故選B。
5．What's the aim of YBAs
A．To challenge the society.
B．To change the whole world.
C．To challenge the fixed idea about the art.
D．To change the materials of the painting.
答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“A new group ... the Young British Artists.”可知，YBAs的目的是挑戰(zhàn)關(guān)于藝術(shù)的固有觀念。故選C。
6．What does Tracy Emin want to convey in her work Bed
A．She is as messy as her bed.
B．She is going to tidy her bed.
C．She is willing to arrange her bed.
D．She is lonely and annoyed.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段(另一位YBA藝術(shù)家Tracy Emin(特蕾西·埃明)最近創(chuàng)作了一部名為《床》的作品。這只是她自己的床，床單亂糟糟的，臟兮兮的。信息是什么？“看看我，我一團(tuán)糟?！?可推知，Tracy Emin想在她的作品《床》中傳達(dá)她像床一樣亂。故選A。
7．Which is the best title of the passage
A．What Is Art
B．Art Mirrors the State of Society
C．New Art Forms Appear
D．A Special Art Team—YBAs
答案：D
解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。文章主要介紹了一群英國青年藝術(shù)家(YBAs)以及他們的作品形式，D項(xiàng)(一個(gè)特殊的藝術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)——YBAs)最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
Ⅱ　讀后續(xù)寫
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·河北省部分地區(qū)高二上期末)When I was in high school, my art teacher asked me to participate in a regional painting competition. I hesitated at first. Although I loved art, I had always painted for myself, not for contests or recognition. My family, who had moved from Mexico, encouraged me to express our culture through my art, but I was unsure about exposing my work to the public. Painting was a personal journey for me, a way to connect with my roots and express my emotions.
But my teacher saw something in my paintings that I hadn't. She said, “Your work tells a story, a vibrant narrative of your heritage and dreams. You should share it with the world.” Motivated by her confidence in me, I decided to take the leap.
I chose the theme of “Migration” for my painting. It was a tribute to my family's journey from Mexico to the United States, a blend of colors and emotions depicting both the struggles and hopes of moving to a new land. I poured my heart into that canvas, each stroke representing a piece of my story.
As I worked, I found myself lost in the memories and experiences of my family. The more I painted, the more I understood the sacrifices they had made for me. My doubts turned into determination. I wanted this painting not just to be seen but to be felt. I stayed up late for several nights, perfecting every detail, ensuring that every color and every line conveyed the emotions I felt so deeply.
When I finally finished, I was no longer concerned about winning. The painting was a part of me, a representation of my family's journey and my growth as an artist.
注意：
1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
寫前導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者的老師很欣賞作者，建議作者參加地區(qū)繪畫比賽，作者一開始有些猶豫，后來在老師的鼓勵(lì)下決定參賽。比賽那天，作者的表現(xiàn)如何？比賽結(jié)束后，老師會(huì)對(duì)作者說些什么？
[精彩范文]
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others. I felt a mix of excitement and nervousness as I saw the diverse and impressive artworks surrounding mine. Each piece told a unique story, but I knew that my painting held a special place in my heart, embodying not only my artistic expression but also my family's journey and cultural heritage. As the judges began to evaluate the paintings, I closed my eyes and whispered a silent prayer, hoping that my message would resonate with those who viewed it. Finally, the head judge announced that I won!
After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. She smiled warmly at me and said, “Congratulations! You've captured the essence of ‘Migration’ beautifully.” Her words filled me with a sense of validation and accomplishment. I knew that I had succeeded in sharing a piece of myself with the world. The journey of creating and exhibiting my painting had not only honed my artistic skills but had also deepened my connection to my roots. As I thanked my teacher for her guidance and support, I realized that taking that leap of faith had led me to a new level of artistic fulfillment and self discovery.
　精深閱讀
(2024·陜西省咸陽市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二下月考)The term “Hudson River school” was applied to the foremost representatives of nineteenth century North American landscape painting. Apparently unknown during the golden days of the American landscape movement, which began around 1850s and lasted until the late 1860s, the Hudson River school seems to have emerged in the 1870s as a direct result of the struggle between the old and the new generations of artists each to assert its own style as the representative American art. The older painters, most of whom were born before 1835, practiced in a mode often self taught and monopolized by landscape subject matter and were securely established in and fostered by the reigning American art organization, the National Academy of Design.
The younger painters returning home from training in Europe worked more with figural subject matter and in a bold and impressionistic technique; their prospects for patronage in their own country were uncertain, and they sought to attract it by attaining academic recognition in New York. One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that what in previous years had been referred to as the American, native, or, occasionally New York school—the most representative school of American art in any genre—had by 1890s become firmly established in the minds of critics and the public alike as the Hudson River school.
　The sobriquet was first applied around 1879. While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. The Academicians at whom it was aimed had worked and socialized in New York, the Hudson's port city, and had painted the river and its shores with varying frequency. Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
A possible implication in the term applied to the group of landscapists was that many of them had, like Cole, lived on or near the banks of the Hudson. Further, the river had long served as the principal route to other sketching grounds favored by the Academicians, particularly the Adirondacks and the mountains of Vermont and New Hampshire different ways.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了19世紀(jì)北美風(fēng)景畫最重要的代表——“哈德遜河畫派”。
1．According to the passage, what was the function of the National Academy of Design for the painters born before 1835
A．It mediated conflicts between artists.
B．It supervised the incorporation of new artistic techniques.
C．It supported their growth and development.
D．It determined which subjects were appropriate.
答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The older painters ... the National Academy of Design.(這些年長的畫家大多出生于1835年之前，他們的創(chuàng)作模式往往是自學(xué)成才，以風(fēng)景題材為主，并在美國主流藝術(shù)組織——國家設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院中穩(wěn)定地立足和發(fā)展。)”可知，國家設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院支持1835年之前出生的畫家的成長和發(fā)展。故選C。
2．Where did the younger generation of painters receive the artistic training
A．In New Hampshire. B．In the Adirondacks.
C．In Vermon. D．In Europe.
答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The younger painters ... worked more with figural subject matter (從歐洲學(xué)成歸國的年輕畫家們更多地使用人物題材)”可知，年輕一代的畫家是在歐洲接受藝術(shù)訓(xùn)練的。故選D。
3．The underlined word “factions” is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．people B．sides
C．cities D．images
答案：B
解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“the most representative school ... the Hudson River school (作為美國藝術(shù)流派中最具代表性的流派，到19世紀(jì)90年代，哈德遜河畫派已經(jīng)在評(píng)論界和公眾心目中確立了牢固的地位)”可知，美國藝術(shù)中最具代表性的流派已經(jīng)牢固確立了地位，由此可推知，畫線詞意為“流派，學(xué)派，幫派”，與side意思最相近。故選B。
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Hudson River School
B．The Nature's Nation
C．Early Painters and Their Drawings
D．North American Landscape Painting
答案：A
解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了19世紀(jì)北美風(fēng)景畫最重要的代表——“哈德遜河畫派”。A項(xiàng)(哈德遜河畫派)最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．foster v. 促進(jìn)；培養(yǎng)
2．prospect n. 前景；前途
3．technique n. 技巧；技藝
4．inappropriate adj. 不恰當(dāng)?shù)?；不合適的
5．frequency n. 頻率
(二)高頻短語
6．a(chǎn)pply__to 應(yīng)用于
7．in the mind of 在……的腦海中
8．consistent with 與……一致
9．serve__as 用作；充當(dāng)
10．be__favored__by 受到……的青睞
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The club's aim is to__foster (foster) better relations within the community.
2．I thought she had retired, but apparently (apparent) she hasn't.
3．His work has received popular recognition (recognize)．
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．The two paintings are strikingly alike in style and technique.相似的
5．Weihe River is the biggest river and principal surface water source in Guanzhong Basin.主要的
6．The child sketched a cartoon character with a few simple lines.素描；速寫
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．It is unclear what his role in the company will be in the future.uncertain
2．The visitors admired his paintings, but especially the portrait of his daughter.particularly
3．The teacher tried to inspire her students to pursue their dreams through hard work.sought
(六)長難句分析
Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
句意：也許最重要的是，一定程度上他們都忠實(shí)地保持了與美國第一位受歡迎的風(fēng)景畫家托馬斯·科爾一致的技巧和構(gòu)圖方式，他以繪制哈德遜河沿岸的卡茨基爾山風(fēng)景為職業(yè)。
分析：主干是Most__important__was__...；that引導(dǎo)表語從句；who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，解釋說明Thomas Cole。
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．The knowledge learned in class should be__applied__to (被應(yīng)用于) real world situations.
2．Several painters were working on a huge piece of canvas (帆布) which would serve__as (用作) the scenery.
(八)仿寫句子
While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. (while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
仿寫：雖然到目前為止都是好消息，但是可能過幾天就有壞消息了。
While__the__news,__so__far,__has__been__good,__there__may__be__days__ahead__when__it__is__bad.
27(共153張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 1 ART
單元主題：人與社會(huì)——文化藝術(shù)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
預(yù)習(xí)檢測(cè) 詞匯打卡
自主學(xué)習(xí) 課文語篇
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時(shí)重點(diǎn)
3
對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí) 鞏固所學(xué)
4
課后課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)
5
課后課時(shí)作業(yè)(二)
6
預(yù)習(xí)檢測(cè) 詞匯打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．Christianity n. ________
2．primitive adj. ______________________________
n. ___________________________
3．two dimensional adj. _________
4．mythology n. _________________
5．client n. _____________________
6．Impressionism n. ___________________________
7．sunrise n. ________
8．outer adj. ________________________
9．Cubism n. ___________________
基督教
發(fā)展水平低的；原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的
文藝復(fù)興前的藝術(shù)家(或作品)
二維的
神話；虛幻的想法
委托人；當(dāng)事人；客戶
印象主義；印象派(繪畫風(fēng)格)
日出
外表的；外邊的；外圍的
立體主義；立體派
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．____________ n. 重大進(jìn)展；突破
2．__________ n. 名譽(yù)；名聲
3．______ n. 貴族成員；出身高貴的人　adj. 崇高的；宏偉的；高貴的
4．_____ n. 地位；級(jí)別；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等級(jí)；使排成行
5．________ vt. 購買；采購　n. 購買；購買的東西
6．________ vi.& vt. 出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露
7．________ vt. 表達(dá)；傳遞(思想、感情等)；傳送
breakthrough
reputation
noble
rank
purchase
emerge
convey
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(可查字典)
1．precise adj. 準(zhǔn)確的；精確的→________ adv. 準(zhǔn)確地；精確地；的確如此
2．realistic adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；逼真的→________ n. 逼真；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義；務(wù)實(shí)作風(fēng)→______ n. 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家(或作家等)；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者
3．dimension n. 維；規(guī)模；范圍→___________ adj. 維的；空間的；尺寸的
4．humanity n. 人性；人道；(統(tǒng)稱)人類→__________ adj. 人文主義的
5．influential adj. 有很大影響力的；有支配力的→________ vt. 影響；對(duì)……起作用　n. 影響；作用；有影響的人/事物
6．photography n. 照相術(shù)；攝影→____________ n. 照片　v. 拍照；照相→___________ n. 攝影師；拍照者
precisely
realism
realist
dimensional
humanistic
influence
photograph
photographer
7．subjective adj. 主觀的→________ n. 主語；主題；學(xué)科
8．subsequent adj. 隨后的；后來的；之后的→___________ adv. 隨后；后來
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
fond 熟義：adj. ______
生義：adj. (只用于名詞前)深情的；溫情的；慈愛的；(指希望)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的；癡想的
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達(dá)
1．___________ 尤其；特別
2．_____________ 使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……
3．__________ 喜愛；喜歡
subject
subsequently
喜愛
in particular
set apart from
be fond of
自主學(xué)習(xí) 課文語篇
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
西方繪畫簡(jiǎn)史
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition1. As2 there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text3. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art4 is to look at the development of Western painting5 over the centuries.
課文三維剖析
1 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作___________
2 引導(dǎo)__________從句
3 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作___________
4 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作_________
5 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作______
溫馨提示：堅(jiān)持自主學(xué)習(xí)“課文三維剖析”，走進(jìn)來，揣摩它，復(fù)利思維，你會(huì)收獲一個(gè)語法通！
真正的主語
原因狀語
真正的主語
后置定語
表語
什么是西方藝術(shù)？很難給出一個(gè)明確的定義。由于西方藝術(shù)風(fēng)格多種多樣，不可能在一篇短文中描述全部。也許，了解西方藝術(shù)的最好方法就是回顧若干個(gè)世紀(jì)以來西方繪畫的發(fā)展。
6 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作______
7 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作________
8 動(dòng)詞不定式作_____
9 引導(dǎo)_________從句
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
中世紀(jì)時(shí)期(5－15世紀(jì))
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity6. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance7. This began to change8 in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267 1337). While9 his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
表語
目的狀語
賓語
讓步狀語
中世紀(jì)時(shí)期，西方藝術(shù)的目的是向人們傳授基督教。因此，藝術(shù)家們對(duì)描繪真實(shí)場(chǎng)景并無興趣，他們的作品往往是原始的、二維的，主角也通常被塑造得比其他人高大許多，以顯示其重要性。13世紀(jì)喬托·迪·邦多納(1267年－1337年)的出現(xiàn)改變了這一現(xiàn)象。盡管他的繪畫仍是宗教主題，但展示了真實(shí)環(huán)境中的真實(shí)人物。他的繪畫尤其以逼真的人臉和強(qiáng)烈的情感沖擊而與眾不同。
10 介詞短語作____
11 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作____
12 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作_____
13 引導(dǎo)____從句，修飾先行詞___
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期(14－17世紀(jì))
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result10, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life11. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401 1428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452 1519), Michelangelo (1475 1564), and Raphael (1483 1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest artF12 thatF13 Europe had ever seen.
狀語
賓語
狀語
定語
art
新的思想和價(jià)值觀逐漸取代了中世紀(jì)時(shí)期舊的思想和價(jià)值觀。因此，畫家們較少關(guān)注宗教主題。他們開始對(duì)生活采取一種更為人性化的態(tài)度。這一時(shí)期的一項(xiàng)重大突破是馬薩喬(1401年－1428年)對(duì)透視法的運(yùn)用。一些頗具影響力的畫家，例如萊昂納多·達(dá)·芬奇(1452年－1519年)、米開朗琪羅(1475年－1564年)和拉斐爾(1483年－1520年)，在喬托和馬薩喬的創(chuàng)新基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)發(fā)展，創(chuàng)作出歐洲前所未見的一些最偉大的藝術(shù)作品。
14 介詞短語作____
15 引導(dǎo)_________從句
16 引導(dǎo)______________從句，解釋說明Rembrandt
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism14, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While15 painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606 1669), who16 gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
狀語
讓步狀語
非限制性定語
另一大創(chuàng)新是油性顏料的使用。憑借其濃重的色彩和寫實(shí)主義，一些最好的油畫作品看上去與照片相似。盡管早在達(dá)·芬奇時(shí)代，一些畫家就使用油彩繪畫，但倫勃朗(1606年－1669年)使得這種技藝達(dá)到頂峰，他擁有“光影大師”的雅稱。
17 現(xiàn)在分詞短語作_________
18 引導(dǎo)______從句，修飾先行詞paintings
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology17. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that18 were beautiful and interesting to look at.
后置定語
定語
在題材方面，重心日益從宗教主題轉(zhuǎn)向我們身邊的人與世界。國王、貴族和地位顯赫的人都想購買自己及其所愛之人的精確畫像，而其他人想要的則是展示重大歷史事件或神話故事的繪畫。最后，大多數(shù)顧客想要的是漂亮、有趣的繪畫。
19 引導(dǎo)_____從句
20 過去分詞短語作_________
21 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作______
22 省略了關(guān)系代詞__________的定語從句，修飾先行詞impression
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)
印象派時(shí)期(19世紀(jì)末－20世紀(jì)初)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid 19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what19 people and the world looked like.Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (1840 1926) called Impression, Sunrise20. In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement21 in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him22 —but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
賓語
后置定語
表語
that/which
在19世紀(jì)中葉攝影術(shù)發(fā)明之前，西方藝術(shù)發(fā)展緩慢。攝影術(shù)發(fā)明之后，繪畫不再需要保留人與世界的模樣。因此，畫家必須找到一種新的方式來看待他們的藝術(shù)。于是，印象主義在法國應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。這項(xiàng)新運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱源自克勞德·莫奈(1840年－1926年)名為《日出·印象》的繪畫作品。在這幅作品里，莫奈的目的是傳遞場(chǎng)景中的光與運(yùn)動(dòng)——即場(chǎng)景給予他的主觀印象，而非對(duì)場(chǎng)景本身的一種具體記錄。
23 引導(dǎo)_________從句
24 動(dòng)詞不定式短語作_____
While23 many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841 1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black and white photographs of that time period, Renoir's paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well24.
讓步狀語
賓語
雖然許多印象派畫家描繪的是大自然或日常生活中的場(chǎng)景，但是雷諾阿(1841年－1919年)等其他畫家卻側(cè)重于人物。與那一時(shí)期冷色調(diào)的黑白照片不同，雷諾阿的繪畫飽含光影、色彩和生活元素。他力求既展示主題人物的外在形象，又展示其內(nèi)在的溫暖和人性。
25 引導(dǎo)_____從句，修飾先行詞shapes
26 引導(dǎo)_____從句
27 省略了to的動(dòng)詞不定式短語作_____
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)
現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)時(shí)期(20世紀(jì)至今)
After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, “What do we do next？” Painters such as Picasso (1881 1973) tried to analyse the shapes which25 existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What26 they attempted to do was no longer show reality27, but instead to ask the question, “What is art？”
定語
主語
表語
在印象主義之后，后代的藝術(shù)家們開始發(fā)問：“接下來我們應(yīng)該做什么？”畢加索(1881年－1973年)等畫家試圖分析自然世界中存在的形狀，但是以一種新的方式——立體主義。其他畫家則賦予自己的繪畫一種寫實(shí)卻又夢(mèng)幻般的品質(zhì)。還有一些畫家則轉(zhuǎn)向抽象藝術(shù)。他們所做的嘗試不再是展示現(xiàn)實(shí)，而是提出這一問題：“藝術(shù)是什么？”
(一)填空并連線
閱讀領(lǐng)悟
14th
today
答案
15th
late
(二)問題鏈
1．What did painters mainly paint during the Middle Ages
___________________________________________________________________
2．When did the oil painting come into being
____________________________________________________________________
3．What caused the emergence of Impressionism
____________________________________________________________________
Things related to religion.
During the Renaissance.
答案
The invention of photography.
合作探究 課時(shí)重點(diǎn)
探究一　熱詞
1.reputation n. 名譽(yù)；名聲(教材P2)
gain/acquire/earn/enjoy a reputation as ... 獲得/贏得/享有……的聲譽(yù)
damage/ruin one's reputation有損/敗壞某人的聲譽(yù)
have a good/bad reputation有好/壞名聲
have a reputation for ... 以……著稱/聞名
live up to one's reputation名副其實(shí)
①She soon acquired a reputation as a first class cook.
她不久就獲得了一級(jí)廚師的名譽(yù)。
②The hotel has a bad reputation.
這家旅館的名聲不好。
③She has a reputation for being calm and cool headed.
她以沉著冷靜著稱。(人物描寫)
④The weather in England is living up to its reputation.
英格蘭的天氣真是名副其實(shí)。(旅游出行)
reputation和fame都有“名聲”的意思。reputation可指好名聲，亦可指壞名聲，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們心目中的印象；fame強(qiáng)調(diào)較高的知名度。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】選詞填空(reputation/fame)
①She went to Hollywood in search of ______ and fortune.
②The company's _________ was damaged by the scandal.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
③那位選手在比賽時(shí)作弊了，這有損他的聲譽(yù)。
The player cheated during the game, __________________________．
④作為一名教師，他以耐心和負(fù)責(zé)著稱。
As a teacher, he ________________________________________．
fame
reputation
which damaged his reputation
has a reputation for being patient and responsible
2.rank n. 地位；級(jí)別；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等級(jí)；使排成行(教材P2)
in rank 排名；按等級(jí)
of high rank 高級(jí)別的；上層的
rank as ... 被列為……
rank with ... 與……并列
rank/be ranked＋序數(shù)詞 排名第……
①Promotion will mean that I'm immediately above him in rank.
晉升將意味著我的級(jí)別直接高于他。
②She said that 1989 must rank as the most remarkable year for change in Europe since 1848.
她說1989年是歐洲自1848年以來變化最顯著的一年。
③This must rank with (＝be as good as) one of the greatest movies ever made.
這部影片一定可以與史上最優(yōu)秀的影片之一相媲美。
④Agassi was at that time ranked sixth in the world.
當(dāng)時(shí)，阿加西在世界上排名第六。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①She was not used to mixing with people ____ high rank.
②The novel can rank _____ the best of the last ten years.
③Today's match ranks ___ one of the most exciting games that these two have ever played.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
④據(jù)說他的妻子在公司的級(jí)別比他高。
____________________________________________________________________
⑤去年，他在他的年齡段中排名第二。
____________________________________________________________________
of
with
as
It’s said that his wife is above him in rank in the company.
Last year, he (was) ranked second in his age group.
3.purchase vt. 購買；采購　n. 購買；購買的東西(教材P2)
purchaser n. 購買者；采購人員；買主
purchase sth for sb 為某人購買某物
purchase sth from ... 從……購買/采購某物
purchase sth with ... 用/通過……購買某物
make a purchase 購買；采購
for the purchase of ... 用于購買……
①She has purchased a villa for her parents in Shanghai.
她在上海為她的父母購買了一幢別墅。
②The equipment can be purchased from your local supplier.
設(shè)備可以從當(dāng)?shù)毓?yīng)商處購買。
③She purchased her first house with the money.
她用這筆錢買了她的第一套房子。
④She made two purchases from my stall yesterday.
她昨天從我的攤位上買了兩件東西。
⑤He gave his son some money for the purchase of his school books.
他給了他兒子一些錢用于購買課本。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①While staying in the village, we used to purchase fresh vegetables ____ the locals.
②As there was a special promotion, my mother made a lot of ________ (purchase) on the Internet.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
③你認(rèn)為借助網(wǎng)上銀行服務(wù)購物安全嗎？
Do you think it is safe ________________________________________________？
④他工作了一整個(gè)夏天，是為了存錢買架鋼琴。
He worked all summer ________________________________________．
from
purchases
to purchase goods with the help of online banking services
to save money for the purchase of a piano
4.emerge vi.& vt. 出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露(教材P3)
emergence n. 出現(xiàn)；興起
emerge from(從隱蔽處或暗處)出現(xiàn)，浮現(xiàn)，露出；(從困境中)幸存下來，擺脫出來
emerge as 以……的形式出現(xiàn)
It emerged that ... 結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)……
①The emergence of small Japanese cars in the 1970s challenged the US and European manufacturers.
20世紀(jì)70年代，日本小型汽車的出現(xiàn)對(duì)美國和歐洲汽車制造商構(gòu)成了挑戰(zhàn)。
②The two girls suddenly emerged from among the trees, both of whom seemed to be calm and unhurt.
那兩個(gè)女孩突然從樹叢中冒了出來，她們看起來都很鎮(zhèn)靜也沒受傷。(人物描寫)
③He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.
他成為這次運(yùn)動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵人物。
④It emerged that the judge had employed an illegal immigrant.
結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)法官雇用了一名非法移民。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①They slowly emerged ________ the church into the bright daylight.
②That is the __________ (emerge) of a new world order over the past decade.
③Online language learning has emerged ___ an updated learning trend for the web based learners.
④____ emerged that they didn't agree with each other.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
⑤二十世紀(jì)六十年代出現(xiàn)了許多新興國家。
____________________________________________________________________
from
emergence
as
It
The 1960s saw the emergence of many new nations.
5.convey vt. 表達(dá)；傳遞(思想、感情等)；傳送(教材P3)
convey ... to sb 向某人表達(dá)/傳遞(感情等)
convey sb/sth from A to B 把某人/某物從A地運(yùn)送到B地
convey to sb that/wh 從句 向某人表達(dá)……
convey one's feeling/meaning/appreciation/affection/emotion 表達(dá)某人的感情/意思/欣賞/喜愛/情感
①The teacher used simple language to convey the complex concept to the students.
老師用簡(jiǎn)單的語言向?qū)W生們表達(dá)了這個(gè)復(fù)雜的概念。
②Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.
管道將熱水從鍋爐輸送到暖氣片。
③He wanted to convey to me that an expensive car doesn't make me a better person or better player.
他想告訴我，一輛昂貴的汽車并不能讓我成為一個(gè)更好的人或更好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。
④Through his music, the artist successfully conveyed his feeling of joy and freedom.
這位藝術(shù)家通過他的音樂成功地表達(dá)了他的快樂和自由之情。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①Your luggage will ___________ (convey) to the hotel by taxi.
②He tried desperately to convey to her _____ urgent the situation was.
③Please convey my gratitude ___ your parents for their warm welcome and gracious hospitality.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
④我真不知道如何表達(dá)我對(duì)您的感激之情。(感謝信)
I really don't know _________________________________ for your great favour.
be conveyed
how
to
how to convey my great gratitude to you
As a realist, she prefers realism in her paintings, creating realistic scenes that are true to life.
作為一名現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家，她在繪畫中偏愛現(xiàn)實(shí)主義，創(chuàng)造出真實(shí)的生活場(chǎng)景。
6．realistic adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；逼真的→______ n. 逼真；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義；務(wù)實(shí)作風(fēng)→_______ n. 現(xiàn)實(shí)主義畫家(或作家等)；現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者
realism
realist
7．influential adj. 有很大影響力的；有支配力的→_________ vt. 影響；對(duì)……起作用　n. 影響；作用；有影響的人/事物
The influential leader's speech had a profound influence on the crowd, inspiring them to take action.
這位有影響力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的講話對(duì)群眾產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，激勵(lì)他們采取行動(dòng)。
influence
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①His book has been very ___________ (influence) in shaping modern education practices.
②If you can set ________ (realism) goals, you are most likely to achieve them.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
③他的第一位音樂老師是他一生中對(duì)他影響非常大的人。
His first music teacher ___________________________．
influential
realistic
was a major influence in his life
8　fond
[熟義]adj. 喜愛
[生義]adj.________________________________________________________
_____________
(只用于名詞前)深情的；溫情的；慈愛的；(指希望)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的；癡想的
①We had grown fond of the house and didn't want to leave.
我們已經(jīng)喜歡上了這座房子，不想離開。
②The fond parents watched their child perform on stage with pride in their eyes.
慈愛的父母驕傲地看著他們的孩子在舞臺(tái)上表演。
③My fond hope is that we will be ready by Christmastime.
我癡想著希望我們可以在圣誕假期前準(zhǔn)備就緒。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】同義詞替換
①I have very fond memories of my time in Spain. __________
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
②我們彼此深情地道別，并答應(yīng)寫信。
____________________________________________________________________
③我整日等待，癡心地希望她會(huì)回心轉(zhuǎn)意。
___________________________________________________________________
affectionate
We said a fond farewell to each other and promised to write.
I waited all day in the fond hope that she would change her mind.
探究二　短語
9.in particular 尤其；特別(教材 P2)
particular adj. 專指的；特別的；挑剔的
particularly adv. 尤其；特別
be particular about/over ... 對(duì)……挑剔；對(duì)……講究
be particular to ... 為……所特有
①The festival attracted many visitors, but young people in particular seemed to enjoy it the most.
這個(gè)節(jié)日吸引了很多游客，特別是年輕人似乎最喜歡它。
②I often do absent minded things, particularly when I'm worried.
我經(jīng)常做一些心不在焉的事情，尤其是當(dāng)我擔(dān)心的時(shí)候。
③He is very particular about the kitchen—everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
他對(duì)廚房很挑剔——每樣?xùn)|西都必須干凈整齊。(人物描寫)
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①Don't be too particular ________ what you eat and wear; pay more attention to your study and work.
②More local employment will be created, ___________ (particular) in service industries.
③The whole meal was good but the wine ___ particular was excellent.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
④眾所周知，熊貓是中國所特有的。
____________________________________________________________________
about/over
particularly
in
As is known to all, pandas are particular to China.
10.set apart from 使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……(教材P2)
set其他相關(guān)短語：
set aside 留出(錢或時(shí)間)；把……放到一旁
set down 讓(某人)下車；寫下，記下
set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；引發(fā)；使(炸彈等)爆炸
set out (＋for＋地點(diǎn))動(dòng)身，啟程(去……)；(＋to do sth) 開始著手做某事
set about (doing) sth 開始/著手(做)某事
set up 建起，設(shè)立；建立，開辦，創(chuàng)建；豎起；安裝好
①Her clear and elegant writing sets her apart from other journalists.
她清晰優(yōu)雅的文筆使她在其他記者中脫穎而出。
②Doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for worry.
醫(yī)生建議每天留出一點(diǎn)時(shí)間來解決煩心事。(建議信)
③He was the one who first set down the stories of the Celtic storytellers.
他是首位將凱爾特說書人講的故事記載下來的人。
④Kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.
凱特動(dòng)身前往海灣另一邊的房子。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①Dust, air pollution or smoke can set _____ an asthma attack.
②We'd better set ______ these paper cups for the next party.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
③他的獨(dú)特才能使他在團(tuán)隊(duì)中脫穎而出。
___________________________________________________________________
off
aside
His unique talent sets him apart from the rest of the group.
探究三　長難句分析
11.He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.(教材P3)
他力求既展示主題人物的外在形象，又展現(xiàn)其內(nèi)在的溫暖和人性。2
【分析】　not just ... but ... 意為“不僅……而且……”，連接兩個(gè)并列成分。
當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列的名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致”原則
類似用法的還有：not only ... but (also) ... (不僅……而且……)，either ... or ... (不是……就是……), neither ... nor ... (既不……也不……)，not ... but ... (不是……而是……)，there be句型
①He believes a good trainer can also serve as a role model—not just during classes, but in daily life.
他認(rèn)為，一個(gè)好的教練也可以成為一個(gè)榜樣——不僅在課堂上，而且在日常生活中。
②Dear stranger, thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out, but made her day too.
親愛的陌生人，謝謝你這隨意的善舉，不僅幫助了我媽媽，還讓她過得很開心。
③We can either eat now or after the show—it's up to you.
我們可以現(xiàn)在吃，也可以等演出結(jié)束后再吃——由你決定。
④There are neither good nor bad professions, only suitable or unsuitable ones.
職業(yè)沒有好壞之分，只有適合與不適合之分。
【學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用】　單句語法填空
①Either you or your father __________ (require) to answer the letter.
②He not only read the book, _____ also remembered what he had read.
③He had neither the time ____ the inclination to think of other things.
【學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)】　完成句子
④自從地震發(fā)生以來，這名醫(yī)生和她的同事們夜以繼日地?fù)尵葌麊T。(自然災(zāi)害)
Since the earthquake occurred, not just the doctor ___________________________
__________ saving the injured round the clock.
is required
but
nor
but her workmates have been engaged in
對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí) 鞏固所學(xué)
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1．________ vt. 購買；采購　n. 購買；購買的東西
2．________ n. 人性；人道；(統(tǒng)稱)人類
3．______ n. 貴族成員；出身高貴的人　adj. 崇高的；宏偉的；高貴的
4．___________ n. 照相術(shù)；攝影
5．________ vi.& vt. 出現(xiàn)；浮現(xiàn)；暴露
purchase
humanity
noble
photography
emerge
6．_____________ 使與眾不同；使突出；使優(yōu)于……
7．__________ 喜愛；喜歡
8．________________ 嘗試做某事
9．___________ 尤其；特別
10．_____________ 集中于
set apart from
be fond of
attempt to do sth
in particular
concentrate on
(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1．Researchers reported another important breakthrough in cancer research.________________
2．His reputation was destroyed when he was caught stealing some money.__________
3．Primitive humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals. ________________
4．He was one of the most influential performers of modern jazz. ______________
5．I've always been fond of poetry and one piece has always stuck in my mind.______
重大進(jìn)展；突破
名譽(yù);名聲
原始的；遠(yuǎn)古的
有很大影響力的
喜愛
維度二　語境運(yùn)用
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The __________ (emerge) and spread of new diseases is one example that needs to be taken seriously.
2．The problem is due to discipline, or, more _________ (precise), the lack of discipline, in schools.
3．There are limited diseases that can be cured but the __________ (humanity) care we could provide is unlimited.
4．In his ___________ (subsequently) speech, he referred to the matter again.
5．It is not ________ (realism) to expect people to spend so much money in the hard times.
emergence
precisely
humanistic
subsequent
realistic
(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
reputation, purchase, precise, noble, convey
1．A house is the most expensive buy that most people ever made.________
2．He was an upright and great man who was always willing to help in any way he could.______
3．We will express this kindness to the people in China when we return.________
4．This is an opportunity to enhance the fame of the company.__________
5．Can you give a more accurate definition of the word？________
purchase
noble
convey
reputation
precise
維度三　能力提升
(五)長難句分析
　(2023·浙江高考1月)I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me.
句意：五年前，當(dāng)我開始轉(zhuǎn)向零浪費(fèi)的生活方式時(shí)，經(jīng)歷了這一點(diǎn)，當(dāng)時(shí)我和父母住在一起，我和我的丈夫也繼續(xù)經(jīng)歷這一點(diǎn)，因?yàn)樗幌裎夷菢油耆憷速M(fèi)。
分析：句子主干是I experienced this and I continue to experience this，并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)“主謂賓”結(jié)構(gòu)。when引導(dǎo)__________從句，第一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)________從句；第二個(gè)as引導(dǎo)__________從句。
時(shí)間狀語
時(shí)間狀語
原因狀語
(六)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1．The farm work over, while I was tired out, I felt happy because I realized the value of labour. (用although/though改寫)
→The farm work over, __________________________， I felt happy because I realized the value of labour.
2．The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise with the emergence of cars.(用as從句改寫)
→The rate of traffic conflicts and accidents is on the rise ____________________
___________．
although/though I was tired out
as more and more
cars emerge
維度四　素養(yǎng)提升
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1. His use of language _________________ (使他優(yōu)于) other modern writers.
2．I would appreciate it if you could introduce your school, after class activities ___________(尤其)．
3．He didn't like doing sports but __________ (喜歡) eating snacks.
sets him apart from
in particular
was fond of
(八)翻譯
1．對(duì)他來說，最重要的是保持健康和快樂。(動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語)
___________________________________________________________________
2．他不僅通過了考試，還獲得了全班最高分。(not only ... but ... )
___________________________________________________________________
The most important thing for him is to stay healthy and happy.
He not only passed the exam, but got the highest score in the class.
課后課時(shí)作業(yè)（一）
溫馨提示：豐富的語料是寫作的源泉，與其單獨(dú)背那些枯燥的熱詞佳句，不如在閱讀語境中輕松記憶語篇題中的黑體(除標(biāo)題和設(shè)題外)語句，日積月累，悄然完成遷移，提升寫作。
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號(hào) Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·福建省福州市高二下月考)A self taught painter in Chongqing, who spent four years creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China, has attracted a lot of attention online.
Pu Zhen, who was born in Chongqing in 1993, __1__ in animation design at college. He started teaching himself painting nine years ago. “The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through __3__ practice，” he said.
In 2018, __4__ by an old notebook he had filled with the names of Chinese cities, he __5__ the idea of doing a unique illustration for each. “I just __6__ my inspiration in creating the city series. Each illustration __7__ a city's typical features，” he said.
The creative __8__ of the main elements of each city are __9__. Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (標(biāo)志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends. However, they all have the moon as a common image.
“The biggest __10__ is myself，” said Pu, adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts. “But I do feel __12__ that my works are acknowledged by many fans online. Traditional Chinese city __13__ are always worth passing on.”
Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more. __15__， everyone wants to see their hometowns painted by Pu Zhen. In the future, Pu plans to travel around the country and create illustrations for more cities.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。重慶一位90后畫師用4年的時(shí)間給100個(gè)中國城市繪制畫像，一城一景，描繪了月光之下美輪美奐的中國城市景象。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．A.applied B．majored
C．worked D．researched
解析： apply 應(yīng)用；major 主修；work 工作；research 研究。根據(jù)后文的“animation design at college”可知，樸縝在大學(xué)所學(xué)的專業(yè)是動(dòng)畫設(shè)計(jì)。major in表示“主修”。故選B。
答案
解析
2．A.figure out B．go over
C．make up D．turn down
解析： figure out 想出；弄清楚；go over 越過；復(fù)習(xí)；make up 組成；turn down 調(diào)低；拒絕。根據(jù)前文的“The most difficult”和后文的“my own painting style”可知，樸縝認(rèn)為弄清楚自己的繪畫風(fēng)格是最困難的部分。故選A。
3．A.casual B．constant
C．formal D．random
解析： casual 隨意的；constant 不斷的；formal 正式的；random 隨機(jī)的。根據(jù)前文的“The most difficult part is to __2__ my own painting style through”和后文的“practice”可知，要想弄清楚自己的繪畫風(fēng)格，需要在不斷實(shí)踐中探索。故選B。
答案
解析
4．A.moved B．encouraged
C．taught D．inspired
解析： move 移動(dòng)；encourage 鼓勵(lì)；teach 教授；inspire 賦予靈感；啟發(fā)。根據(jù)后文的“by an old notebook ... illustration for each”和“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，一本寫滿中國城市名字的舊筆記本賦予了他靈感，他有了為每個(gè)城市做一個(gè)獨(dú)特的插圖的想法。故選D。
5．A.put up with B．came up with
C．took care of D．made use of
解析：put up with 忍受；come up with 想出；提出；take care of 照顧；make use of 利用。根據(jù)后文的“the idea of doing a unique illustration for each”并結(jié)合前文的“creating 100 illustrations of 100 cities in China”可知，他有了為每個(gè)城市做一個(gè)獨(dú)特的插圖的想法。故選B。
答案
解析
6．A.invented B．followed
C．imagined D．discovered
解析： invent 發(fā)明；follow 跟隨；imagine 想象；discover 發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文的“my inspiration in creating the city series”可知，樸縝跟隨自己的靈感創(chuàng)作了這個(gè)城市系列。follow one's inspiration為固定短語，意為“追隨某人的靈感”。故選B。
答案
解析
7．A.determines B．suggests
C．reflects D．impresses
解析： determine 決定；suggest 建議；reflect 反映；反射；impress 給人留下深刻印象。根據(jù)后文的“a city's typical features”可知，插圖反映了一個(gè)城市的典型特征。故選C。
答案
解析
8．A.sources B．stories
C．messages D．materials
解析： source 來源；story 故事；message 消息；material 材料。根據(jù)后文的“of the main elements of each city”和“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (標(biāo)志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，不同城市的創(chuàng)意來源是不同的。故選A。
答案
解析
9．A.stable B．similar
C．obvious D．different
解析： stable 穩(wěn)定的；similar 相似的；obvious 明顯的；different 不同的。根據(jù)“The creative ... cultural legends.”可知，不同的城市的創(chuàng)意來源是不同的。故選D。
答案
解析
10．A.challenge B．honor
C．improvement D．victory
解析： challenge 挑戰(zhàn)；honor 榮譽(yù)；improvement 改進(jìn)；victory 勝利。根據(jù)后文的“adding that during the time consuming __11__， he had to overcome loneliness and inner conflicts”可知，他必須克服孤獨(dú)和內(nèi)心沖突，所以最大的挑戰(zhàn)是他自己。故選A。
答案
解析
11．A.course B．process
C．moment D．stage
解析：根據(jù)前文的“during the time consuming”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，繪制100幅圖是一個(gè)很費(fèi)時(shí)的過程。故選B。
答案
解析
12．A.surprised B．confused
C．delighted D．touched
解析：surprised 吃驚的；confused 困惑的；delighted 高興的；touched 感動(dòng)的。根據(jù)后文的“that my works are acknowledged by many fans online”可知，樸縝的作品在網(wǎng)上得到了許多粉絲的認(rèn)可，所以他很高興。故選C。
答案
解析
13．A.cultures B．policies
C．systems D．values
解析：culture 文化；policy 政策；system 系統(tǒng)；value 價(jià)值。根據(jù)前文的“Some are mountains, rivers, and iconic (標(biāo)志性的) buildings, and some are cultural legends.”可知，樸縝的畫傳遞的是中國城市的傳統(tǒng)文化元素。故選A。
答案
解析
14．A.judged B．studied
C．a(chǎn)ttended D．received
解析：judge 判斷；study 研究；attend 參加；receive 受到(某種待遇或傷害）；對(duì)……作出反應(yīng)。根據(jù)前文的“my works are acknowledged by many fans online”和“Not only are Pu's paintings well”可知，樸縝的作品在網(wǎng)上受到好評(píng)。be well received意為“受到好評(píng)”。故選D。
答案
解析
15．A.Undoubtedly B．Eventually
C．Hopefully D．Generally
解析： undoubtedly 毫無疑問；eventually 最終；hopefully 有希望地；generally 通常。根據(jù)前文的“Not only are Pu's paintings well __14__ online, but the netizens are eager to appreciate more.”可知，樸縝的畫不僅在網(wǎng)上廣受歡迎，而且網(wǎng)民們也渴望欣賞更多，此處是指毫無疑問，每個(gè)人都想看到樸縝描繪自己的家鄉(xiāng)。故選A。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　閱讀
(2024·廣東省湛江市第二十一中學(xué)高二下月考)Born in the Netherlands in 1853, Van Gogh led a simple life in a small town until the age of 16. He then left school and joined a firm of art dealers in the large city of The Hague. He eventually realised that dealing with others' artwork was not his profession. His true love was to become an artist himself.
He devoted much of his time to learning the fundamentals of drawing. Van Gogh believed that to become a great painter, one must first master the ability to draw. It was only after he was comfortable in this area that he began to use oil paints. That is when he developed a style and talent for colour that made him one of the most respected artists of all time.
Van Gogh's paintings are amazing representations of his view of the world. The colours jump off the canvas (畫布), not only because of their brightness but also because of the brush strokes (筆觸). Van Gogh avoided light, feathery strokes, which would portray (描寫) typical subjects. Instead, he used his brush and oils to make layers that built the painting until it was almost three dimensional.
Perhaps one of the most memorable examples of Van Gogh's use of colour and brush style is his painting The Starry Night. The sky swirls (打旋) across the canvas, while the stars shine with unearthly brightness. Each brushstroke creates the image of movement. The Starry Night shows Van Gogh's great ability to create a powerful image with simple subjects.
Van Gogh spent only the last ten years of his life painting. He is believed to have sold only one of the 900 paintings he created during those years. Yet today Van Gogh is considered one of the greatest artists of all time. His influence is evident; many painters mimic his style and use of colour. His artwork can be found in museums all over the world and is valued in millions of dollars, an evidence for Vincent Van Gogh's talent.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Van Gogh (凡·高)在色彩和事物的形態(tài)塑造方面獨(dú)具一格，并以其代表作《星夜》為例進(jìn)行了具體說明。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．According to the text, Van Gogh learnt how to paint by ________．
A．a(chǎn)cquiring basic drawing techniques
B．closely observing the world around him
C．carefully studying the works of great artists
D．reading many books about art
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Van Gogh believed that ... use oil paints.”可知，Van Gogh認(rèn)為要成為偉大的畫家，必須要先掌握基礎(chǔ)的繪畫技巧。故選A。
答案
解析
2．Which of the following does the author seem to admire most about Van Gogh's paintings
A．The images. B．The mood.
C．The themes. D．The brushwork.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第三段中的“Van Gogh's paintings ... the brush strokes (筆觸)．”可知，Van Gogh成為一位受人尊敬的畫家的主要原因是他對(duì)色彩的把握有自己的風(fēng)格和天賦。由此可知，作者最欣賞Van Gogh畫作的筆觸。故選D。
答案
解析
3．Why does the author refer to The Starry Night
A．To praise Van Gogh's ability.
B．To prove Van Gogh's respect for nature.
C．To show Van Gogh's style of painting.
D．To indicate Van Gogh's feelings about his art.
解析：推理判斷題。 根據(jù)第四段中的“Perhaps one of the most memorable examples ... the image of movement.”可推知，作者提到《星夜》這幅畫是為了展示Van Gogh的繪畫風(fēng)格。故選C。
答案
解析
4．What does the underlined word “mimic” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Tolerate. B．Judge.
C．Copy. D．Notice.
解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Yet today Van Gogh is considered ... His influence is evident (然而，今天的凡·高被認(rèn)為是有史以來最偉大的藝術(shù)家之一。他的影響是顯而易見的)”以及下文“his style and use of colour (他的風(fēng)格和色彩的應(yīng)用)”可知，Van Gogh的作品影響深遠(yuǎn)，許多人都在模仿他的畫風(fēng)。畫線詞意為“模仿，效法”。故選C。
答案
解析
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·河北省唐山市高二上期末)Healthy eating is something __1__ everyone knows they should do, but few of us do it as __2__ (regular) as we would like. The purpose of this guide is __3__ (share) practical strategies on how to eat healthy.
If you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts and sweet drinks, because sugar is more a killer __4__ fatty food. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which __5__ (be) full of vitamins and fibre, rather than __6__ (process) foods. In addition, it is also important to include some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide necessary protein for strong __7__ (bone) and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is crucial. The ideal diet is a balanced one, without too much __8__ too little of any one thing. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly, __9__ (allow) your body to digest your food better.
Healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. It is up to you to decide __10__ you want to live, and to make right decisions about your diet.
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了健康飲食的一些實(shí)用策略。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．答案： that
解析：考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞something，從句中缺賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
答案
解析
2．答案： regularly
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞do。故填regularly。
3．答案： to share
解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：本指南旨在分享關(guān)于如何健康飲食的實(shí)用策略。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作表語，解釋主語的具體內(nèi)容。故填to share。
答案
解析
4．答案： than
解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)設(shè)空前的more可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞than。故填than。
5．答案： are
解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，解釋說明先行詞fruit and vegetables；設(shè)空處描述一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，which指代先行詞，在從句中作主語，表示復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。故填are。
答案
解析
6．答案： processed
解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。process與其修飾詞foods之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞作定語。故填processed。
7．答案： bones
解析：考查名詞。bone意為“骨骼”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，表示泛指。故填bones。
答案
解析
8．答案： or
解析：考查連詞。此處指理想飲食是均衡的，沒有太多或太少某種東西，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用選擇性并列連詞or表示“或者”。故填or。
9．答案： allowing
解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填allowing。
答案
解析
10．答案： how
解析：考查賓語從句的連接詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作方式狀語，表示“如何”，應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)。故填how。
(2024·廣東省華僑中學(xué)高二下月考)If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
The Arnolfini Portrait
Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery, London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document in fifteenth century society, through Van Eyck's heavy use of symbolism—while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.
精深閱讀
The Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12 month stay at the mental hospital near Saint Rémy de Provence, France between 1889 and 1890. When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of Van Gogh's most famous works.
The Harvesters
The Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurs within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector from Antwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919.
Guernica
Guernica, a large black and white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofaí in Madrid.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四幅名畫，它們都經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．Which of the following paintings was produced earliest
A．The Arnolfini Portrait.
B．The Starry Night.
C．The Harvesters.
D．Guernica.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Arnolfini Portrait部分中的“... produced in 1434”，The Starry Night部分中的“... France between 1889 and 1890”，The Harvesters部分中的“... in 1565”和Guernica部分中的“... Pablo Picasso in 1937”可知，The Arnolfini Portrait是最早創(chuàng)作的畫。故選A。
答案
解析
2．What do we know about the painting The Starry Night
A．It was painted on wood in oil.
B．It wasn't widely recognized before 1940s.
C．It described the painter's life in hospital.
D．It was given away to the museum by a private collector.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Starry Night部分中的“When the Museum ... famous works.”可知，The Starry Night在1940年之前并不出名。故選B。
答案
解析
3．Who created the painting representing the massive catastrophe the Nazism brought to people
A．Pieter Bruegel the Elder.
B．Vincent van Gogh.
C．Jan van Eyck.
D．Pablo Picasso.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Guernica部分中的“Guernica, a large black and white oil painting ... the tragedies of war.”可知，Pablo Picasso創(chuàng)作了這幅表現(xiàn)納粹主義給人類帶來巨大災(zāi)難的畫作。故選D。
答案
解析
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．__________ n. 杰作；代表作
2． __________ adj. 提供有用信息的；給予知識(shí)的
3．symbolism n. __________
4．a(chǎn)bstract adj. ________
5．private adj. ________________
masterpiece
informative
象征主義
抽象的
私人的；私有的
(二)高頻短語
6．be crazy about _______
7． _________ 參與；參加，從事于
8． _______ 提到；查閱
9．a(chǎn)s a result _____
10． __________ 被安置于……
癡迷于
engage in
refer to
因此
be housed at
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The temperature is expected to rise __________ (moderate) over the next few days.
2．Her __________ (express) eyes told me everything she wanted to say.
3．The artist's paintings are _______ (visual) stunning, capturing the beauty of nature.
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．The gallery is exhibiting some of the artist's earliest painting works. ______
5．This painting is a reminder of the good times we had during our college years. ________________
6．The government has introduced new policies to encourage domestic manufacturing. _______
moderately
expressive
visually
作品
引起回憶的事物
國內(nèi)的
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．Inside, 20 km of galleries collect thousands of works of art. ______
2．The museum is known for its exquisite Russian oil paintings. ______
3．The auction house is selling an oil painting painted by a famous Impressionist artist. ________
house
famed
produce， house， fame
produced
(六)長難句分析
If you are crazy about paintings, you shouldn't miss the following four famous masterpieces which have stood the test of time.
句意：如果你癡迷于繪畫，那就一定不能錯(cuò)過以下四幅經(jīng)得起時(shí)間考驗(yàn)的杰作。
分析：主干是_______________________________；If引導(dǎo)_________從句；which引導(dǎo)_____從句，修飾先行詞______________________。
you shouldn’t miss the masterpieces
條件狀語
four famous masterpieces
定語
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．My friend ____________ (癡迷于) photography and takes pictures of everything she sees.
2．Nowadays, office workers rarely ________ (參加) regular exercise.
(八)仿寫句子
The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. (定語從句)
仿寫：你有什么想為自己說的嗎？
__________________________________________________________________
is crazy about
engage in
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself
課后課時(shí)作業(yè)（二）
較易題(占比30%)　中檔題(占比40%)　拔高題(占比30%)
題號(hào) Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★ ★★ ★★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·全國甲卷)Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors, 1880-1990：Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (無脊椎動(dòng)物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工藝) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (編織)．
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)的相關(guān)藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)制作活動(dòng)。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings.
B．It offers art courses for all ages.
C．It presents recreational activities.
D．It is a major tourist attraction.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“We look forward to ... art exhibitions and art－making activities.”可知，ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)將通過表演、藝術(shù)展覽和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)來展示哈佛藝術(shù)界的創(chuàng)造力。由此可知，ARTS FIRST藝術(shù)節(jié)提供娛樂活動(dòng)。故選C。
答案
解析
2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A．Light Awash in Watercolor.
B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C．Wheel Throwing.
D．Knitting and Pom Pom Making.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Light Awash in Watercolor部分中的“Learn about ... of watercolor paint”和“Try your hand ... used by artists”可知，在Light Awash in Watercolor項(xiàng)目中可以了解水彩顏料的原料和特點(diǎn)，還可以嘗試藝術(shù)家們使用的一些繪畫技巧。因此如果你對(duì)繪畫感興趣，可以參加該項(xiàng)目。故選A。
答案
解析
3．What can you do together with Javier Marin
A．Practice a traditional dance.
B．Make handcrafts.
C．Visit a local museum.
D．Feed invertebrates.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity部分中的“Join Javier Marin ... out of craft (手工藝) materials.”可知，人們可以和Javier Marin (哈維爾·馬林)一起用手工藝材料制作自己的“無脊椎藝術(shù)家”，即一起進(jìn)行手工制作。故選B。
答案
解析
B
(2024·云南師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高二下月考)What is art That's an easy question to answer. Art is a painting, a drawing or a sculpture. Now there are new items to add to the list. Art is a dead shark in a glass case. Artisan unmade bed. Art is a video of a group of people standing completely still for sixty minutes.
A new group of young artists began to produce work to challenge the accepted idea of what art is and the role the artist should play in society. This group came to be known as the YBAs—the Young British Artists. The art of the YBAs does not just stick to painting and sculpture. It uses all kinds of different materials to express the feeling of the artist.
Damien Hirst is the most famous of the YBAs. The Shark in the Box is his work and is meant to express his own fear of dying. The shark stands for death. Right now, it is harmless. But eventually it will come for you. There is nothing to be done about it.
Traditionally, artists have a message. They use their skills to lead us to enlightenment (啟迪). The message of the YBAs is that they cannot do this. They are just as mixed up and confused as everybody else. A journalist once asked Damien Hirst what his next idea was for an artwork. “I don't know what I'm going to do next. I never know what I'm going to do next，” he replied.
Another YBA, Tracy Emin recently produced a work called Bed. This is just her own bed with the sheets disarranged and dirty. And the message “Look at me—I’m a mess.”
Some artists work with citizens in producing their work. Gillian Wearing filmed a group of people dressed as policemen trying to keep still for 60 minutes while standing on top of a table. At the end of that time, the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor. You can try to be a good citizen and a respectable member of the community. But don't try too hard or the pressure will be too much.
Art mirrors the sale of society. In the work of the YBAs we can see a society on the threshold (開端) of the future—a bit worried, a bit excited and wondering what is going to happen next. The YBAs can't guide us, but they can make the journey more interesting.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一群英國青年藝術(shù)家(YBAs)以及他們的作品形式。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
4．What's the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 1
A．To provide background information.
B．To start a topic for the readers.
C．To present the main idea of the text.
D．To introduce the key characters in the text.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段內(nèi)容可推知，第一段的目的是引出藝術(shù)家的定義這一話題。故選B。
答案
解析
5．What's the aim of YBAs
A．To challenge the society.
B．To change the whole world.
C．To challenge the fixed idea about the art.
D．To change the materials of the painting.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“A new group ... the Young British Artists.”可知，YBAs的目的是挑戰(zhàn)關(guān)于藝術(shù)的固有觀念。故選C。
答案
解析
6．What does Tracy Emin want to convey in her work Bed
A．She is as messy as her bed.
B．She is going to tidy her bed.
C．She is willing to arrange her bed.
D．She is lonely and annoyed.
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段(另一位YBA藝術(shù)家Tracy Emin(特蕾西·埃明)最近創(chuàng)作了一部名為《床》的作品。這只是她自己的床，床單亂糟糟的，臟兮兮的。信息是什么？“看看我，我一團(tuán)糟。”)可推知，Tracy Emin想在她的作品《床》中傳達(dá)她像床一樣亂。故選A。
答案
解析
7．Which is the best title of the passage
A．What Is Art
B．Art Mirrors the State of Society
C．New Art Forms Appear
D．A Special Art Team—YBAs
解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。文章主要介紹了一群英國青年藝術(shù)家(YBAs)以及他們的作品形式，D項(xiàng)(一個(gè)特殊的藝術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)——YBAs)最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　讀后續(xù)寫
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·河北省部分地區(qū)高二上期末)When I was in high school, my art teacher asked me to participate in a regional painting competition. I hesitated at first. Although I loved art, I had always painted for myself, not for contests or recognition. My family, who had moved from Mexico, encouraged me to express our culture through my art, but I was unsure about exposing my work to the public. Painting was a personal journey for me, a way to connect with my roots and express my emotions.
But my teacher saw something in my paintings that I hadn't. She said, “Your work tells a story, a vibrant narrative of your heritage and dreams. You should share it with the world.” Motivated by her confidence in me, I decided to take the leap.
I chose the theme of “Migration” for my painting. It was a tribute to my family's journey from Mexico to the United States, a blend of colors and emotions depicting both the struggles and hopes of moving to a new land. I poured my heart into that canvas, each stroke representing a piece of my story.
As I worked, I found myself lost in the memories and experiences of my family. The more I painted, the more I understood the sacrifices they had made for me. My doubts turned into determination. I wanted this painting not just to be seen but to be felt. I stayed up late for several nights, perfecting every detail, ensuring that every color and every line conveyed the emotions I felt so deeply.
When I finally finished, I was no longer concerned about winning. The painting was a part of me, a representation of my family's journey and my growth as an artist.
注意：
1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；
2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
寫前導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者的老師很欣賞作者，建議作者參加地區(qū)繪畫比賽，作者一開始有些猶豫，后來在老師的鼓勵(lì)下決定參賽。比賽那天，作者的表現(xiàn)如何？比賽結(jié)束后，老師會(huì)對(duì)作者說些什么？
寫前導(dǎo)讀
[精彩范文]
The day of the competition arrived, and my heart was racing as I displayed my painting among the others. I felt a mix of excitement and nervousness as I saw the diverse and impressive artworks surrounding mine. Each piece told a unique story, but I knew that my painting held a special place in my heart, embodying not only my artistic expression but also my family's journey and cultural heritage. As the judges began to evaluate the paintings, I closed my eyes and whispered a silent prayer, hoping that my message would resonate with those who viewed it. Finally, the head judge announced that I won!
答案
After the competition, I walked up to my art teacher, filled with a mix of gratitude and pride. She smiled warmly at me and said, “Congratulations! You've captured the essence of ‘Migration’ beautifully.” Her words filled me with a sense of validation and accomplishment. I knew that I had succeeded in sharing a piece of myself with the world. The journey of creating and exhibiting my painting had not only honed my artistic skills but had also deepened my connection to my roots. As I thanked my teacher for her guidance and support, I realized that taking that leap of faith had led me to a new level of artistic fulfillment and self discovery.
答案
精深閱讀
(2024·陜西省咸陽市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高二下月考)The term “Hudson River school” was applied to the foremost representatives of nineteenth century North American landscape painting. Apparently unknown during the golden days of the American landscape movement, which began around 1850s and lasted until the late 1860s, the Hudson River school seems to have emerged in the 1870s as a direct result of the struggle between the old and the new generations of artists each to assert its own style as the representative American art. The older painters, most of whom were born before 1835, practiced in a mode often self taught and monopolized by landscape subject matter and were securely established in and fostered by the reigning American art organization, the National Academy of Design.
The younger painters returning home from training in Europe worked more with figural subject matter and in a bold and impressionistic technique; their prospects for patronage in their own country were uncertain, and they sought to attract it by attaining academic recognition in New York. One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that what in previous years had been referred to as the American, native, or, occasionally New York school—the most representative school of American art in any genre—had by 1890s become firmly established in the minds of critics and the public alike as the Hudson River school.
The sobriquet was first applied around 1879. While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. The Academicians at whom it was aimed had worked and socialized in New York, the Hudson's port city, and had painted the river and its shores with varying frequency. Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
A possible implication in the term applied to the group of landscapists was that many of them had, like Cole, lived on or near the banks of the Hudson. Further, the river had long served as the principal route to other sketching grounds favored by the Academicians, particularly the Adirondacks and the mountains of Vermont and New Hampshire different ways.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了19世紀(jì)北美風(fēng)景畫最重要的代表——“哈德遜河畫派”。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．According to the passage, what was the function of the National Academy of Design for the painters born before 1835
A．It mediated conflicts between artists.
B．It supervised the incorporation of new artistic techniques.
C．It supported their growth and development.
D．It determined which subjects were appropriate.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The older painters ... the National Academy of Design.(這些年長的畫家大多出生于1835年之前，他們的創(chuàng)作模式往往是自學(xué)成才，以風(fēng)景題材為主，并在美國主流藝術(shù)組織——國家設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院中穩(wěn)定地立足和發(fā)展。)”可知，國家設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院支持1835年之前出生的畫家的成長和發(fā)展。故選C。
答案
解析
2．Where did the younger generation of painters receive the artistic training
A．In New Hampshire. B．In the Adirondacks.
C．In Vermon. D．In Europe.
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“The younger painters ... worked more with figural subject matter (從歐洲學(xué)成歸國的年輕畫家們更多地使用人物題材)”可知，年輕一代的畫家是在歐洲接受藝術(shù)訓(xùn)練的。故選D。
答案
解析
3．The underlined word “factions” is closest in meaning to “________”．
A．people B．sides
C．cities D．images
解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“the most representative school ... the Hudson River school (作為美國藝術(shù)流派中最具代表性的流派，到19世紀(jì)90年代，哈德遜河畫派已經(jīng)在評(píng)論界和公眾心目中確立了牢固的地位)”可知，美國藝術(shù)中最具代表性的流派已經(jīng)牢固確立了地位，由此可推知，畫線詞意為“流派，學(xué)派，幫派”，與side意思最相近。故選B。
答案
解析
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Hudson River School
B．The Nature's Nation
C．Early Painters and Their Drawings
D．North American Landscape Painting
解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了19世紀(jì)北美風(fēng)景畫最重要的代表——“哈德遜河畫派”。A項(xiàng)(哈德遜河畫派)最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A。
答案
解析
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．foster v. ____________
2．prospect n. ____________
3．technique n. ___________
4． ____________ adj. 不恰當(dāng)?shù)?；不合適的
5．frequency n. ______
促進(jìn)；培養(yǎng)
前景；前途
技巧；技藝
inappropriate
頻率
(二)高頻短語
6．_______ 應(yīng)用于
7．in the mind of ______________
8．consistent with ____________
9． ________ 用作；充當(dāng)
10． ___________ 受到……的青睞
apply to
在……的腦海中
與……一致
serve as
be favored by
(三)根據(jù)語境填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容
1．The club's aim is _______ (foster) better relations within the community.
2．I thought she had retired, but __________ (apparent) she hasn't.
3．His work has received popular ____________(recognize)．
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
4．The two paintings are strikingly alike in style and technique.________
5．Weihe River is the biggest river and principal surface water source in Guanzhong Basin. _______
6．The child sketched a cartoon character with a few simple lines. __________
to foster
apparently
recognition
相似的
主要的
素描；速寫
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．It is unclear what his role in the company will be in the future._________
2．The visitors admired his paintings, but especially the portrait of his daughter.___________
3．The teacher tried to inspire her students to pursue their dreams through hard work. _______
uncertain
particularly
sought
(六)長難句分析
Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained with a certain fidelity a manner of technique and composition consistent with those of America's first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
句意：也許最重要的是，一定程度上他們都忠實(shí)地保持了與美國第一位受歡迎的風(fēng)景畫家托馬斯·科爾一致的技巧和構(gòu)圖方式，他以繪制哈德遜河沿岸的卡茨基爾山風(fēng)景為職業(yè)。
分析：主干是____________________；that引導(dǎo)______從句；who引導(dǎo)____________從句，解釋說明Thomas Cole。
Most important was ...
表語
非限制性定語
(七)根據(jù)所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．The knowledge learned in class should _____________(被應(yīng)用于) real world situations.
2．Several painters were working on a huge piece of canvas (帆布) which would ________(用作) the scenery.
be applied to
serve as
(八)仿寫句子
While it was not intended as flattering, it was hardly inappropriate. (while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)
仿寫：雖然到目前為止都是好消息，但是可能過幾天就有壞消息了。
________________________________________________________________
While the news, so far, has been good, there may be days ahead when it is bad.

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