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英語 選擇性必修 第二冊 RJ
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Building up your vocabulary——
一、構詞法
Affix (prefix/suffix) 含義 例詞
mini 小；少 minimum;__miniskirt;__minibus;__minipark;__minibreak
con 共同；表示強調 consist;__consume;__congratulate;__contact;__conclude
in 進入；不 ingredient;__income;__information;__influence;__inevitable
(i)an ……地方的人；精通……的人 vegetarian;__Asian;__historian;__technician;__musician
al 有……特性的 exceptional;__personal;__natural;__regional;__governmental
able ( ible) 能……的，可……的 stable;__comfortable;__changeable;__readable;__flexible
er 從事……的人，作……動作的人；與……有關的事物 waiter;__manager;__teacher;__driver;__farmer;__lighter
二、動詞＋介詞
1．請在詞云圖中選出本單元已學過的六個動詞，并與它們搭配的介詞，組成詞塊
①slice__...__off
②consist__of/in
③consume__...__with__...
④stuff__...__with/into__.../up
⑤recommend__...__to
⑥fill__...__with__...
2．選用上面的詞塊替換下列句子中的加黑部分
①Life, composed of not only storms but also sunshine, must be lived forwards.consisting__of
②This suitcase is absolutely full—I can't fill it with another thing.stuff;__with
③Cut the green parts off and wash under the flowed water.Slice;__off
④We'd advise you to book your flight early.recommend;__to
——Discovering useful structures——
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．brand n. 品牌
2．olive n. 油橄欖；橄欖樹
3．fig n. 無花果
4．dessert n. (飯后)甜點
5．dough n. 生面團
6．haggis n. (蘇格蘭)羊雜碎肚
7．canteen n. 食堂；餐廳
8．cafeteria n. 自助餐廳；自助食堂
二、高頻單詞：寫出英文單詞
　ingredient n. (尤指烹飪)材料；成分
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
　stable adj. 穩定的；穩重的→stability n. 穩定(性)，穩固(性)；堅定，恒心→unstable adj. 不穩定的，易變的
四、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1．earn__one's__living 謀生
2．set__up 建立
找出下列句子中的過去完成時及過去完成時的被動語態，并注意標志詞
1．Silk had become one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. had__become
2．The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came. hadn't__been__cleaned
3．My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. had__eaten
4．He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. had__worked
5．The game had no sooner started than it began to rain heavily. had__started
6．This was the first time that the drug had been tested on humans. had__been__tested
7．He had hardly begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. had__begun
8．I had hoped that we would do better this time, but we failed again. had__hoped
探究一　長難句分析
We arrived late for supper that day, and so we just ate whatever was left in the university canteen.(教材P29) 那天我們吃晚飯遲到了，所以我們就只吃了大學食堂里剩下的東西。
【分析】　整句是由and連接的并列句。前一分句的主干是We arrived；后一分句的主干是we ate＋賓語從句；whatever was left in the university canteen是whatever引導的賓語從句，whatever用來加強語氣，相當于anything that。
whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/ however等引導名詞性從句，此時不能替換為no matter what/who/which/when/where/how。 whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however等引導讓步狀語從句，相當于“no matter what/who/which/when/where/how”。
①He gave us an impression of being very able to do whatever he chose to do.(賓語從句)
他給我們的印象是，他能做任何他選擇做的事。
②You can visit wherever you want to go after you graduate. (賓語從句)
畢業后你可以去你想去的任何地方旅行。
③Whatever/No matter what you say in the court, the judge believes evidence ultimately.(讓步狀語從句)
不管你在法庭上說什么，法官最終相信證據。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①The police offer a reward to whoever finds the missing luggage of this old lady.
②Yet, he carried a lighted lamp with him whenever/no__matter__when he went out at night.
【學會表達】翻譯
③我們必須堅持做我們認為正確的事情。
We__must__persist__in__doing__whatever__we__think__is__right.
④我會盡我所能去實現我的夢想。
I__will__do__whatever__I__can__to__achieve__my__dream.
探究二　過去完成時及其被動語態
過去完成時：表示在過去某一時間或事件之前已經完成的動作或存在的狀態，即“過去的過去”。
語法點1　過去完成時的四種結構
(1)肯定結構：主語＋had＋done＋其他成分
I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
最后一班公共汽車已經開走，所以我只好乘坐了一輛出租車。
(2)否定結構：主語＋had not＋done＋其他成分
His family raised the alarm when he had not come home by 9 pm.
當他到晚上9點還沒回家時，他的家人報了警。
(3)一般疑問句結構：Had＋主語＋done＋其他成分
Had you finished your homework before you watched TV
你看電視前，完成作業了嗎？
(4)特殊疑問句結構：特殊疑問詞＋had＋主語＋done＋其他成分
What had Tom done before he came home
湯姆回家前都做了什么？
單句語法填空
①They had__planted (plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
②Had they left (leave) before you got there
③One morning she told her children about a family she had__visited (visit) the day before.
④I did not acknowledge that he had__done (do) anything wrong.
語法點2　過去完成時的被動語態的四種結構
(1)肯定結構：主語＋had＋been done＋其他成分
The doctor did not leave his office till all the patients had been treated.
直到所有的病人都得到了治療，醫生才離開他的辦公室。
(2)否定結構：主語＋had not＋been done＋其他成分
She was deeply hurt that she had not been invited.
她未被邀請，感到十分難過。
(3)一般疑問句結構：Had＋主語＋been done ＋其他成分
Had the house been built by your grandfather by 1960
1960 年你的祖父就已經建成這座房子了嗎？
(4)特殊疑問句結構：特殊疑問詞＋had＋主語＋been done＋其他成分
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended
颶風結束時有多少建筑物被毀？
單句語法填空
①Had the task been__finished (finish) before 12：00 yesterday
②At the end of last year，another magic design had__been__completed (complete)．
③He got home to find that his flat had__been__done (do) over.
④The house had__been__repaired (repair) before it was rented to him.
語法點3　過去完成時及其被動語態的用法
(1)過去完成時及其被動語態中常見的時間狀語
如：by, by the end of, by the time, before, until, since等。
①We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
截止到上學期末，我們已經學了兩千多個英文單詞了。
②The bus had already left by the time I got there.
當我到達那里的時候公交車已經開走了。
③All the tickets had been sold out before the film began.
電影放映之前，票已全部售出。
(2)用于賓語從句
在賓語從句中，當主句中用了say, know, realize, guess, find, discover, decide, think, suppose, remember, forget 等動詞的一般過去時時，如果從句中的動作先于主句的動作，通常用過去完成時。
①They said the production costs had been reduced.
他們說生產成本已經降低了。
②We realized we had lost our way.
我們意識到我們迷路了。
③Not far away he remembered that he had not got the notebook.
沒走多遠，他想起他沒帶筆記本。
(3)用于狀語從句
在時間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動作發生有先后順序時，動作在前的用過去完成時，動作在后的用一般過去時。
①He had learned to play the piano before he was 11 years old.
他在11 歲以前就學會了彈鋼琴。
②The train had started when I got to the station.
當我到達車站時，火車已經開走了。
　如果兩個動作接連發生，常常不用過去完成時，特別是在含有before 和after 的復合句中，因為從句的動作和主句的動作發生的先后順序已經非常明確，此時可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。
I knew nothing about English before I entered this school.
我進這所學校之前，一點兒英語都不懂。
(4)用于虛擬語氣
表示意向的動詞，如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等用過去完成時表示未曾實現的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。意為“原本……，實際上未能……”。
①I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to get away.
我本來想今年度個假，但我沒法離開。
②I must admit I had expected him to tell me the truth.
我必須承認我本指望他告訴我實情的。
(5)常用句型
過去完成時還用于一些固定句型中，常見的有：
It/This/That was the first/second ... time that sb had done ... 這/那是某人第一/二……次做……
... than sb had thought/expected/hoped 比某人所認為/期待/希望的要……
had no sooner＋done＋than ... 一……就……(若no sooner 置于句首，主句需部分倒裝)
had hardly/scarcely/barely＋done＋when ... 一……就……(若hardly/scarcely/barely置于句首，主句需部分倒裝)
It was＋一段時間＋since 從句 自從……有……(從句用過去完成時)
①She had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
她一到家，就下起雨來了。
②Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost.
我剛走上那條街就發現自己迷路了。
翻譯
①到那年年底，我已經收集了一千多張明信片。
By__the__end__of__that__year,__I__had__collected__more__than__a__thousand__postcards.
②這是她第一次獨立生活。
It__was__the__first__time__that__she__had__lived__independently.
③當我聽說他被安全找到時，我很高興。
I__was__so__happy__when__I__heard__he__had__been__found__safe.
④我剛坐下，就有人大聲敲門。
No__sooner__had__I__sat__down__than__there__was__a__loud__knock__on__the__door.
⑤我們本來打算去意大利，但后來獲得機會去了希臘。
Originally,__we__had__intended__to__go__to__Italy,__but__then__we__won__the__trip__to__Greece.
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列詞綴的含義及例詞
1．in →進入；不→ingredient;__income;__information
2． able( ible)→能……的，可……的→stable;__comfortable;__changeable
3． (i)an→……地方的人；精通……的人→vegetarian;__Asian;__historian
4． al→有……特性的→exceptional;__personal;__natural
(二)選詞填空
1．You pay less for the supermarket's own brand．
2．I'm afraid my cooking skills don't run to fancy cakes and desserts．
3．Her decision to cancel the concert is bound to disappoint her fans.
4．There's a staff canteen for everyone and there's a smarter restaurant for the management.
5．After several part－time jobs, he's now got a stable job in a bank.
維度二　語法運用
(三)單句語法填空
1．When the applause had__died (die) down, she began her speech.
2．It was at least three months since I had__left (leave) Beijing.
3．Had it already stopped raining when you woke (wake) up
4．His newly written novel had__been__translated (translate) into 5 languages before it was published.
5．How many words had you learned (learn) by the end of last year
維度三　素養提升
(四)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．I believe that each of us can contribute__to__the__future__of__the__world (為世界的未來做出貢獻)．
2．She failed the test because she__hadn't__studied__hard (她沒有努力學習)．
3．I__had__meant__to__help__you (我本來想幫助你), but I was too busy at the moment.
(五)翻譯
1．這篇文章發表的時候，他們已經離開這個國家了。(by the time ...)
By__the__time__this__article__got__into__print,__they__had__already__left__the__country.
2．這是他第一次參觀長城。(It was the first time that ...)
It__was__the__first__time__that__he__had__visited__the__Great__Wall.
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(浙江高考1月)While taking a 20 hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train. My __3__ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the __4__ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had __5__ a two year professional school to quickly find a job __6__ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most __7__， however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would __8__ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American __9__ as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I __10__ him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to __11__ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, __12__， and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he __13__ me just how much one can gain from __14__ with an open mind, and a willingness to __15__ with locals from all walks of life.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在火車上邂逅了一位年輕的中國男子并和他成為朋友，而且這位男子還向作者展示了帶著開放的心態旅行，與各行各業的當地人交流能帶來很大收獲的故事。
1．A．experiment B．encounter
C．competition D．appointment
答案：B
解析：experiment 實驗；encounter 邂逅；competition 比賽；appointment 任命。根據后文“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，作者和當地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故選B。
2．A．treated B．saved
C．lectured D．approached
答案：D
解析：treat 對待；save 拯救；lecture 講課；approach 靠近。根據前文“wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for”以及后文“me on the train”可推知，一位年輕的中國人在火車上向作者走來。故選D。
3．A．true B．so called
C．new D．long lost
答案：C
解析：true 真的；so called 所謂的；new 新的；long lost 很久不見的。根據前文“A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train.”可知，兩人是在火車上剛認識的，因此是新朋友。故選C。
4．A．chance B．advice
C．trouble D．right
答案：A
解析：chance 機會；advice 建議；trouble 麻煩；right 權利。根據后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，此處表示作者抓住這個機會練習中文。故選A。
5．A．visited B．financed
C．attended D．founded
答案：C
解析：visit 拜訪；finance 提供資金；attend 上(學)，參加；found 成立。根據后文“a two year professional school”可知，這位年輕人去上了一個為期兩年的職業學校。故選C。
6．A．building B．sweeping
C．checking D．guarding
答案：A
解析：build 修建；sweep 打掃；check 檢查；guard 守衛。根據后文“this highway builder”可知，這位年輕人是一位公路建設者。故選A。
7．A．typical B．obvious
C．natural D．remarkable
答案：D
解析：typical 典型的；obvious 顯然的；natural 自然的；remarkable 引人注目的。根據后文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，這位年輕人每天在辛苦的體力勞動之后花幾個小時學習，這種品質是引人注目的。故選D。
8．A．publish B．quote
C．copy D．download
答案：B
解析：publish 出版；quote 引用；copy 復制；download 下載。根據后文“a translated Emerson passage”可知，此處指引用翻譯的愛默生的一段話。故選B。
9．A．writers B．historians
C．workers D．students
答案：A
解析：writer 作家；historian 歷史學家；worker 工人；student 學生。根據前文“a translated Emerson ... influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，年輕人對美國和俄羅斯的作家感興趣。故選A。
10．A．anticipate B．imagine
C．recall D．catch
答案：C
解析：anticipate 預期；imagine 想象；recall 回想起；catch 抓住。根據前文內容可知，作者講述了自己在火車上的一段經歷，因此此處指作者回想起年輕人提過的問題。故選C。
11．A．look into B．rely on
C．go over D．deal with
答案：B
解析：look into 調查；rely on 依靠；go over 復習；deal with 處理。根據后文“my assumptions about ... a few hundred miles from home”可知，設空處所在句指作者很容易依靠自己的假設對這位年輕人進行判斷。故選B。
12．A．well behaved B．multi skilled
C．warm hearted D．self educated
答案：D
解析：well behaved 行為端正的；multi skilled 多技能的；warm hearted 熱心的；self educated 自學的。根據前文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，這位年輕人是自學成才的。故選D。
13．A．asked B．warned
C．showed D．promised
答案：C
解析：ask 詢問；warn 警告；show 展示；promise 承諾。根據后文“me just how much ... all walks of life”可知，此處指年輕人向作者展示了帶著開放的心態去旅行，并與各行各業的當地人交往可以有很大的收獲。故選C。
14．A．traveling B．reading
C．searching D．teaching
答案：A
解析：travel 旅行；read 閱讀；search 搜索；teach 教學。根據后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”并結合前文“While taking a 20 hour train ride ... in northwestern China”可知，作者當時在乘火車旅行，所以此處指帶著開放的心態旅行。故選A。
15．A．cooperate B．side
C．negotiate D．engage
答案：D
解析：cooperate 合作；side 支持；negotiate 協商；engage 參與。根據后文“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此處指和各行各業的當地人交往。engage with為固定搭配，意為“與……接觸”。故選D。
Ⅱ　七選五
Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term of the year, refers to the time when it starts to snow, mostly in China's northern areas. __1__．
Light snow
As an ancient Chinese book puts it, “In Minor Snow, the weather is cold and it is going to snow.” __2__. Meanwhile, in the lower and middle reaches of the Yellow River, the average time of the first snow falls during this solar term.
Wearing hats and scarves
In China, starting in Minor Snow, the wind blows from the northeast a lot. __3__， many people do not wear hats or scarves yet. In fact, according to an old Chinese saying, the head is the place where all passages of the body gather. It's sensible to keep one's head warm.
Drinking soup
Indoor heating begins to work, which means most people might find their nose and mouth feel a bit dry. This accumulation (積累) of “inner heat” in one's body can cause problems. __4__， such as cabbage and bean curd soup.
Making preserved pork
After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry. __5__. In the past, when storage conditions were poor, people developed many ways to store food and preserved pork is one such example.
A．Because it's still not bitterly cold
B．Various soups are more appealing
C．The solution is to drink more hot soup
D．It is the best time to start making preserved pork
E．Whether preserved pork is healthy remains unknown
F．Here are four things you should know about Minor Snow
G．The temperature in most areas in the north drops to zero degrees and below
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國24節氣中的第20個節氣——小雪，及其相關的生活習慣和飲食等。
1．答案：F
解析：根據設空前“Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term ... mostly in China's northern areas.”可知，上文主要圍繞小雪這個節氣進行介紹。F項(以下是關于小雪你應該知道的四件事)承接上文，同時引出下文關于小雪這個節氣的四個相關知識。故選F。
2．答案：G
解析：根據設空前“As an ancient Chinese book ... going to snow.’(正如一本中國古書所說：‘小雪，天冷，要下雪了。’)”可知，上文提到小雪這一節氣的溫度。G項(北方大部分地區的氣溫降至零度及以下)承接上文。故選G。
3．答案：A
解析：根據設空后“many people do not wear hats or scarves yet (許多人還沒有戴帽子或圍巾)”可推知，設空處應該和溫度有關。A項(因為天氣還不是特別冷)與下文構成因果關系，引出下文。故選A。
4．答案：C
解析：根據設空前“Indoor heating begins to work ... can cause problems.”可知，此時由于室內溫度較高，人們會覺得口鼻干燥，所以會引發體內燥熱。C項(解決辦法是多喝熱湯)承接上文。故選C。
5．答案：D
解析：根據設空前“After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry.”可知，小雪過后，氣溫急劇下降，空氣變得干燥。根據設空后“In the past ... is one such example.”可知，在過去，當儲存條件很差的時候，人們發明了許多儲存食物的方法，腌制豬肉就是這樣一個例子。D項(現在是開始制作臘肉的最佳時間)承上啟下。故選D。
Ⅲ　語法填空
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese __1__ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners __2__ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realise how cheap __3__ can be to eat out. I still remember visiting a friend who __4__ (live) here for five years and I was __5__ (shock) when I learned she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
While regularly __6__ (eat) out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be __7__ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even __8__ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in __9__ (weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home __10__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇議論文。中國飲食越來越受到外國友人的歡迎，與此同時，隨著社會的發展，越來越多的人外出就餐。作者認為，外出就餐過多會帶來費用支出過多和健康問題，我們應學著享受做飯的樂趣。
1．答案：dishes
解析：考查名詞。根據設空前的形容詞Chinese可知，設空處應用名詞作賓語，dish意為“菜肴”，為可數名詞，此處應用名詞復數。故填dishes。
2．答案：who/that
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。句意：許多來中國的西方人一旦意識到在外面吃飯是多么便宜，就會比在自己的國家做飯少得多。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞是westerners，指人，引導詞在從句中作主語。故填who/that。
3．答案：it
解析：考查代詞。how引導賓語從句，此處應用it作形式主語，to eat out作真正的主語。故填it。
4．答案：had lived
解析：考查動詞的時態。句意：我還記得去拜訪一位在這里住了五年的朋友，當我得知她這么長時間里一次都沒做過飯時，我很震驚。此處表示在作者拜訪時，朋友已經住了五年，表示過去的過去，應用過去完成時。故填had lived。
5．答案：shocked
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處表示作者很震驚，應用 ed形式的形容詞作表語。故填shocked。
6．答案：eating
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：近年來，對于許多年輕人來說，經常外出就餐似乎變得越來越普遍，但這并非沒有代價。此處應用動名詞作主語。故填eating。
7．答案：affordable
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：最明顯的就是錢；每周出去吃一兩次飯可能負擔得起，但大部分時間都這樣做就會花很多錢。設空前是系動詞，設空處應用形容詞作表語，afford的形容詞形式是affordable，意為“負擔得起的”。故填affordable。
8．答案：higher
解析：考查形容詞的比較級。句意：你的健康可能會付出更高的代價。設空后是名詞，設空處應用形容詞作定語，根據even可知，此處應用形容詞的比較級。故填higher。
9．答案：weight
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：研究人員發現，在外面吃的食物的增加和體重問題的增加之間存在直接聯系。此處應用名詞weight作定語，weight problem意為“體重問題”。故填weight。
10．答案：for
解析：考查介詞。句意：如果你不打算遭受這個問題，那么我建議你下次去你媽媽家吃飯時，向她學習一些烹飪技巧。此處是固定搭配for dinner，意為“吃晚飯”。故填for。
　精深閱讀
Rosario's Peruvian Restaurant in Longmont has become well－known in the Denver metro area (都會區), Colorado over the last 10 years. The restaurant's owner Rosario Cardenas spends seven days a week at her beloved restaurant, joking that she calls it her “baby”. But how she made the restaurant a success is no joke at all. It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.
Rosario's is a little place but for the last decade it has been serving up big, bold flavors from recipes Cardenas brought with her from her home in Perú—recipes that have helped her solidify a status for many as the best Peruvian restaurant in the Denver metro area.
As a former teacher and school principal, cooking used to be just a hobby. But when she immigrated to the US, she couldn't use her education degree here, so she decided to use her talents to share her country's unique dishes with her new community. “I have always said, if you can dream it, you can achieve it, and for me, the restaurant was my dream，” Cardenas said.
Rosario's isn't just about delicious food, it's also serving up slices of Peruvian culture. It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country. At her restaurant, she created a concept on her menu called “tours”， where guests can have samples of all kinds of Peruvian dishes.
Cardenas has regular Latino (拉丁美洲人) customers who will drive special three to four hours, some even from Wyoming, not just to enjoy her cooking but also to find a restaurant that represents their own culture in the metro area.
“Food is a great way to connect, not just with the Peruvian community, but every single community. We have people from Mexico, Colombia, from all parts of South and Latin America.” Cardenas explained, “So, having me and my restaurant be that connection between these people and their culture and their heritage, I think it's just beautiful.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了以秘魯文化為基礎的食譜使得羅薩里奧餐廳在美國丹佛都會區深受歡迎。
1．What makes Rosario's restaurant popular in the Denver metro area
A．Its high－quality service.
B．Its family－centered model.
C．Its special location in Colorado.
D．Its Peruvian style recipes.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“recipes that have helped her ... in the Denver metro area”可知，秘魯特色的食譜使得羅薩里奧餐廳在丹佛都會區如此受歡迎。故選D。
2．Which words can best describe Cardenas
A．Ambitious and committed.
B．Organized but self－centered.
C．Adventurous and legendary.
D．Optimistic but simple minded.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.”可推知，Cardenas (卡德納斯)是一個有決心、心志堅定的人；根據第三段中的“‘I have always said ... was my dream，’ Cardenas said.”可推知，她是一個有抱負的人。故選A。
3．Why did Cardenas present “tours” on her menu
A．To get customers to know about Perú.
B．To get customers to shape Peruvian identity.
C．To reward regular visitors from Perú.
D．To draw more tourists to her home country.
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“It's part of ... Peruvian dishes.”可知，Cardenas在她的菜單上出現“旅游”，是想讓客人認識秘魯，品嘗其菜肴，了解其文化。故選A。
4．What can be inferred about Rosario's restaurant from the last two paragraphs
A．It can meet the demands of all customers.
B．It is a place to realize American dream.
C．It helps bring Latino cultures together.
D．It will be widely known all over the world.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Cardenas has regular Latino ...in the metro area.”可推知，Cardenas有固定的拉丁裔顧客，再結合最后一段中的“Food is a great way to connect ... and Latin America.”可推知，羅薩里奧餐廳有助于拉丁文化的融合。故選C。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．determination n. 決心，堅定；決定
2．passion n. 激情，熱情
3．vision n. 幻想，想象；愿景
4．status n. (尤指在社會中的)地位，身份
5．represent v. 代表
(二)高頻短語
1．turn__...__into__... 把……轉變成……
2．serve__up 上(菜)，(給……)提供
3．immigrate to 移民到
4．part__of 一部分的
5．all__kinds__of 各種各樣的
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．This beautiful old building has been restored to its former (form) glory.
2．Two of our greatest strengths are diversity and community (commune)．
3．Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality (real) she felt extremely nervous.
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1．He was a regular visitor to her house.定期的
2．I couldn't understand a single word she said！單一的
3．He immigrated with his parents in 1895 and grew up on Long Island.移民
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．Long before I ever went there, Africa was alive in my imagination.vision
2．If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.achieve
3．Each of London's districts had a distinct character that marked it off from its neighbours.unique
(六)長難句分析
　It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country.
句意：幫助顧客感覺他們已經去了她的祖國旅行是卡德納斯愿景的一部分。
分析：句子主干為It's part of Cardenas' vision，是“主系表”結構。It作形式主語，to help customers ... country是不定式短語作真正的主語。help sb (to) do sth，不定式(to) do作賓語補足語，故feel like ... country為賓補；they've taken a trip to her home country是賓語從句，作介詞like的賓語。
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．Over__the__last__10__years (在過去的十年中), Chou has been surrounded by a lot of success and honor.
2．He used__to__be__a__pilot (曾經是飛行員) but now he has a desk job.
(八)仿寫句子
　Arriving at the cinema, they found the film had been over.(現在分詞作狀語)
仿寫：看著它，我知道媽媽一直在等著我，這讓我平靜了下來。
Looking__at__it,__I__knew__my__mother__was__out__there__for__me,__which__calmed__me__down.
20(共87張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 3　FOOD AND CULTURE
單元主題：人與自然/人與社會——飲食與文化
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
——Build up your vocabulary——
Affix （prefix/suffix） 含義 例詞
mini ___________　　　　　　 ________；________； ________； ________；________
_____ 共同；表示強調 ________；________； ___________；
________；________
in ___________　　　　　　　　 _________；________； __________；_________；__________
一、構詞法
小；少
minimum
miniskirt
minibus
minipark
minibreak
con-
consist
consume
congratulate
contact
conclude
進入;不
ingredient
income
information
influence
inevitable
（i）an ______________ ____________ __________；__________；__________；__________；__________
______ 有……特性的 __________；__________；__________；__________；____________
able （ ible） ___________ ___________ ________；___________；___________；__________；__________
______ 從事……的人，作……動作的人；與……有關的事物 ______；_________；________；_______；_______；_______
……地方的人；精通……的人
vegetarian
Asian
historian
technician
musician
-al
exceptional
personal
natural
regional
governmental
能……的，可……的
stable
comfortable
changeable
readable
flexible
-er
waiter
manager
teacher
driver
farmer
lighter
二、動詞＋介詞
1.請在詞云圖中選出本單元已學過的六個動詞，并與它們搭配的介詞，組成詞塊
①__________________ ② __________________
③ __________________ ④ __________________
⑤ __________________ ⑥ __________________
slice ... off
consist of/in
consume ... with ...
stuff ... with/into .../up
recommend ... to
fill ... with ...
2．選用上面的詞塊替換下列句子中的加黑部分
①Life, composed of not only storms but also sunshine, must be lived forwards.
______________
②This suitcase is absolutely full—I can't fill it with another thing. ____________
③Cut the green parts off and wash under the flowed water. _____________
④We'd advise you to book your flight early. ______________
consisting of
stuff； with
Slice； off
recommend; to
WELCOME UNIT
——Discover useful structures——
預習檢測 單詞打卡
自主學習 課時語法
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業
5
預習檢測 單詞打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．brand n. _______
2．olive n. ________________
3．fig n. _______
4．dessert n. ___________
5．dough n. ________
6．haggis n. _________________
7．canteen n. __________
8．cafeteria n. _____________________
品牌
油橄欖；橄欖樹
無花果
(飯后)甜點
生面團
(蘇格蘭)羊雜碎肚
食堂；餐廳
自助餐廳；自助食堂
二、高頻單詞：寫出英文單詞
　_________ n. (尤指烹飪)材料；成分
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
　stable adj. 穩定的；穩重的→_________ n. 穩定(性)，穩固(性)；堅定，恒心→__________ adj. 不穩定的，易變的
四、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1．_______________ 謀生
2．_______ 建立
ingredient
stability
unstable
earn one's living
set up
自主學習　課時語法
找出下列句子中的過去完成時及過去完成時的被動語態，并注意標志詞
1．Silk had become one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. _____________
2．The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came.
_________________
3．My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten.
__________
4．He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. _____________
had become
hadn't been cleaned
had eaten
had worked
5．The game had no sooner started than it began to rain heavily. _____________
6．This was the first time that the drug had been tested on humans.
_____________
7．He had hardly begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
___________
8．I had hoped that we would do better this time, but we failed again.
____________
had started
had been tested
had begun
had hoped
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　長難句分析
We arrived late for supper that day, and so we just ate whatever was left in the university canteen.(教材P29)
那天我們吃晚飯遲到了，所以我們就只吃了大學食堂里剩下的東西。
【分析】　整句是由and連接的并列句。前一分句的主干是We arrived；后一分句的主干是we ate＋賓語從句；whatever was left in the university canteen是whatever引導的賓語從句，whatever用來加強語氣，相當于anything that。
whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/
however等引導名詞性從句，此時不能替換為no matter what/who/which/when/where/how。
whatever/whoever/whichever/whenever/wherever/however等引導讓步狀語從句，相當于“no matter what/who/which/when/where/how”。
①He gave us an impression of being very able to do whatever he chose to do.(賓語從句)
他給我們的印象是，他能做任何他選擇做的事。
②You can visit wherever you want to go after you graduate. (賓語從句)
畢業后你可以去你想去的任何地方旅行。
③Whatever/No matter what you say in the court, the judge believes evidence ultimately.(讓步狀語從句)
不管你在法庭上說什么，法官最終相信證據。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①The police offer a reward to 　　　　 finds the missing luggage of this old lady.
②Yet， he carried a lighted lamp with him 　　　　　　　　　　　 he went out at night.
【學會表達】翻譯
③我們必須堅持做我們認為正確的事情。
____________________________________________________________________
④我會盡我所能去實現我的夢想。
____________________________________________________________________
whoever
whenever/no matter when
We must persist in doing whatever we think is right.
I will do whatever I can to achieve my dream.
探究二　過去完成時及其被動語態
過去完成時：表示在過去某一時間或事件之前已經完成的動作或存在的狀態，即“過去的過去”。
語法點1　過去完成時的四種結構
(1)肯定結構：主語＋had＋done＋其他成分
I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
最后一班公共汽車已經開走，所以我只好乘坐了一輛出租車。
(2)否定結構：主語＋had not＋done＋其他成分
His family raised the alarm when he had not come home by 9 pm.
當他到晚上9點還沒回家時，他的家人報了警。
(3)一般疑問句結構：Had＋主語＋done＋其他成分
Had you finished your homework before you watched TV
你看電視前，完成作業了嗎？
(4)特殊疑問句結構：特殊疑問詞＋had＋主語＋done＋其他成分
What had Tom done before he came home
湯姆回家前都做了什么？
單句語法填空
①They ___________ (plant) six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
②_______ they _______ (leave) before you got there？
③One morning she told her children about a family she ___________ (visit) the day before.
④I did not acknowledge that he _________ (do) anything wrong.
had planted
Had
left
had visited
had done
語法點2　過去完成時的被動語態的四種結構
(1)肯定結構：主語＋had＋been done＋其他成分
The doctor did not leave his office till all the patients had been treated.
直到所有的病人都得到了治療，醫生才離開他的辦公室。
(2)否定結構：主語＋had not＋been done＋其他成分
She was deeply hurt that she had not been invited.
她未被邀請，感到十分難過。
(3)一般疑問句結構：Had＋主語＋been done ＋其他成分
Had the house been built by your grandfather by 1960？
1960 年你的祖父就已經建成這座房子了嗎？
(4)特殊疑問句結構：特殊疑問詞＋had＋主語＋been done＋其他成分
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended？
颶風結束時有多少建筑物被毀？
單句語法填空
①_______ the task _____________ (finish) before 12：00 yesterday？
②At the end of last year，another magic design __________________ (complete).
③He got home to find that his flat _____________ (do) over.
④The house ________________ (repair) before it was rented to him.
Had
been finished
had been completed
had been done
had been repaired
語法點3　過去完成時及其被動語態的用法
(1)過去完成時及其被動語態中常見的時間狀語
如：by, by the end of, by the time, before, until, since等。
①We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
截止到上學期末，我們已經學了兩千多個英文單詞了。
②The bus had already left by the time I got there.
當我到達那里的時候公交車已經開走了。
③All the tickets had been sold out before the film began.
電影放映之前，票已全部售出。
(2)用于賓語從句
在賓語從句中，當主句中用了say, know, realize, guess, find, discover, decide, think, suppose, remember, forget 等動詞的一般過去時時，如果從句中的動作先于主句的動作，通常用過去完成時。
①They said the production costs had been reduced.
他們說生產成本已經降低了。
②We realized we had lost our way.
我們意識到我們迷路了。
③Not far away he remembered that he had not got the notebook.
沒走多遠，他想起他沒帶筆記本。
(3)用于狀語從句
在時間、條件、原因、方式等狀語從句中，主、從句的動作發生有先后順序時，動作在前的用過去完成時，動作在后的用一般過去時。
①He had learned to play the piano before he was 11 years old.
他在11 歲以前就學會了彈鋼琴。
②The train had started when I got to the station.
當我到達車站時，火車已經開走了。
如果兩個動作接連發生，常常不用過去完成時，特別是在含有before 和after 的復合句中，因為從句的動作和主句的動作發生的先后順序已經非常明確，此時可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。
I knew nothing about English before I entered this school.
我進這所學校之前，一點兒英語都不懂。
(4)用于虛擬語氣
表示意向的動詞，如 hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等用過去完成時表示未曾實現的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等。意為“原本……，實際上未能……”。
①I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn't able to get away.
我本來想今年度個假，但我沒法離開。
②I must admit I had expected him to tell me the truth.
我必須承認我本指望他告訴我實情的。
(5)常用句型
過去完成時還用于一些固定句型中，常見的有：
It/This/That was the first/second ... time that sb had done ... 這/那是某人第一/二……次做……
... than sb had thought/expected/hoped 比某人所認為/期待/希望的要……
had no sooner＋done＋than ... 一……就……(若no sooner 置于句首，主句需部分倒裝)
had hardly/scarcely/barely＋done＋when ... 一……就……(若hardly/scarcely/barely置于句首，主句需部分倒裝)
It was＋一段時間＋since 從句 自從……有……(從句用過去完成時)
①She had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
她一到家，就下起雨來了。
②Barely had I set foot in the street when I realized I was lost.
我剛走上那條街就發現自己迷路了。
翻譯
①到那年年底，我已經收集了一千多張明信片。
__________________________________________________________________
②這是她第一次獨立生活。
__________________________________________________________________
③當我聽說他被安全找到時，我很高興。
__________________________________________________________________
By the end of that year, I had collected more than a thousand postcards.
It was the first time that she had lived independently.
I was so happy when I heard he had been found safe.
④我剛坐下，就有人大聲敲門。
__________________________________________________________________
⑤我們本來打算去意大利，但后來獲得機會去了希臘。
__________________________________________________________________
No sooner had I sat down than there was a loud knock on the door.
Originally, we had intended to go to Italy, but then we won the trip to Greece.
對點練習 鞏固所學
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列詞綴的含義及例詞
1.in →________→_________； _______； ___________
2. able( ible)→_____________________→_______； ___________； _________
3. (i)an→_____________________________→__________； _____； _________
4. al→______________→___________； _______； ________
進入;不
ingredient
income
information
能……的，可……的
stable
comfortable
changeable
……地方的人；精通……的人
vegetarian
Asian
historian
有……特性的
exceptional
personal
natural
(二)選詞填空
stable， dessert， canteen， cancel， brand
1.You pay less for the supermarket's own _______.
2.I'm afraid my cooking skills don't run to fancy cakes and ________.
3.Her decision to _______ the concert is bound to disappoint her fans.
4.There's a staff ________ for everyone and there's a smarter restaurant for the management.
5.After several part time jobs， he's now got a _______ job in a bank.
brand
desserts
cancel
canteen
stable
維度二　語法運用
(三)單句語法填空
1.When the applause _________ (die) down， she began her speech.
2.It was at least three months since I ________ (leave) Beijing.
3.Had it already stopped raining when you _______ (wake) up？
4.His newly written novel __________________ (translate) into 5 languages before it was published.
5.How many words _______ you _______ (learn) by the end of last year？
had died
had left
woke
had been translated
had
learned
維度三　素養提升
(四)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.I believe that each of us can ______________________________ (為世界的未來做出貢獻).
2.She failed the test because _____________________ (她沒有努力學習).
3._____________________ (我本來想幫助你)， but I was too busy at the moment.
contribute to the future of the world
she hadn't studied hard
I had meant to help you
(五)翻譯
1.這篇文章發表的時候，他們已經離開這個國家了。(by the time ...)
___________________________________________________________________
2.這是他第一次參觀長城。(It was the first time that ...)
___________________________________________________________________
By the time this article got into print, they had already left the country.
It was the first time that he had visited the Great Wall.
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(浙江高考1月)While taking a 20 hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train. My __3__ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the __4__ to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had __5__ a two year professional school to quickly find a job __6__ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most __7__， however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would __8__ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American __9__ as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors？” I __10__ him asking at one point.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在火車上邂逅了一位年輕的中國男子并和他成為朋友，而且這位男子還向作者展示了帶著開放的心態旅行，與各行各業的當地人交流能帶來很大收獲的故事。
It would have been easy to __11__ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, __12__， and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he __13__ me just how much one can gain from __14__ with an open mind, and a willingness to __15__ with locals from all walks of life.
1．A．experiment B．encounter
C．competition D．appointment
解析：experiment 實驗；encounter 邂逅；competition 比賽；appointment 任命。根據后文“with a local that all travelers long for”可知，作者和當地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故選B。
2．A．treated B．saved
C．lectured D．approached
解析：treat 對待；save 拯救；lecture 講課；approach 靠近。根據前文“wonderful __1__ with a local that all travelers long for”以及后文“me on the train”可推知，一位年輕的中國人在火車上向作者走來。故選D。
3．A．true B．so called
C．new D．long lost
解析：true 真的；so called 所謂的；new 新的；long lost 很久不見的。根據前文“A young Chinese man __2__ me on the train.”可知，兩人是在火車上剛認識的，因此是新朋友。故選C。
4．A．chance B．advice
C．trouble D．right
解析：chance 機會；advice 建議；trouble 麻煩；right 權利。根據后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，此處表示作者抓住這個機會練習中文。故選A。
5．A．visited B．financed
C．attended D．founded
解析：visit 拜訪；finance 提供資金；attend 上(學)，參加；found 成立。根據后文“a two year professional school”可知，這位年輕人去上了一個為期兩年的職業學校。故選C。
6．A．building B．sweeping
C．checking D．guarding
解析：build 修建；sweep 打掃；check 檢查；guard 守衛。根據后文“this highway builder”可知，這位年輕人是一位公路建設者。故選A。
7．A．typical B．obvious
C．natural D．remarkable
解析：typical 典型的；obvious 顯然的；natural 自然的；remarkable 引人注目的。根據后文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，這位年輕人每天在辛苦的體力勞動之后花幾個小時學習，這種品質是引人注目的。故選D。
8．A．publish B．quote
C．copy D．download
解析：publish 出版；quote 引用；copy 復制；download 下載。根據后文“a translated Emerson passage”可知，此處指引用翻譯的愛默生的一段話。故選B。
9．A．writers B．historians
C．workers D．students
解析：writer 作家；historian 歷史學家；worker 工人；student 學生。根據前文“a translated Emerson ... influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors？”可知，年輕人對美國和俄羅斯的作家感興趣。故選A。
10．A．anticipate B．imagine
C．recall D．catch
解析：anticipate 預期；imagine 想象；recall 回想起；catch 抓住。根據前文內容可知，作者講述了自己在火車上的一段經歷，因此此處指作者回想起年輕人提過的問題。故選C。
11．A．look into B．rely on
C．go over D．deal with
解析：look into 調查；rely on 依靠；go over 復習；deal with 處理。根據后文“my assumptions about ... a few hundred miles from home”可知，設空處所在句指作者很容易依靠自己的假設對這位年輕人進行判斷。故選B。
12．A．well behaved B．multi skilled
C．warm hearted D．self educated
解析：well behaved 行為端正的；multi skilled 多技能的；warm hearted 熱心的；self educated 自學的。根據前文“this man ... after hard physical labor”可知，這位年輕人是自學成才的。故選D。
13．A．asked B．warned
C．showed D．promised
解析：ask 詢問；warn 警告；show 展示；promise 承諾。根據后文“me just how much ... all walks of life”可知，此處指年輕人向作者展示了帶著開放的心態去旅行，并與各行各業的當地人交往可以有很大的收獲。故選C。
14．A．traveling B．reading
C．searching D．teaching
解析：travel 旅行；read 閱讀；search 搜索；teach 教學。根據后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”并結合前文“While taking a 20 hour train ride ... in northwestern China”可知，作者當時在乘火車旅行，所以此處指帶著開放的心態旅行。故選A。
15．A．cooperate B．side
C．negotiate D．engage
解析：cooperate 合作；side 支持；negotiate 協商；engage 參與。根據后文“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此處指和各行各業的當地人交往。engage with為固定搭配，意為“與……接觸”。故選D。
Ⅱ　七選五
Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term of the year, refers to the time when it starts to snow, mostly in China's northern areas. __1__．
Light snow
As an ancient Chinese book puts it, “In Minor Snow, the weather is cold and it is going to snow.” __2__. Meanwhile, in the lower and middle reaches of the Yellow River, the average time of the first snow falls during this solar term.
Wearing hats and scarves
In China, starting in Minor Snow, the wind blows from the northeast a lot. __3__， many people do not wear hats or scarves yet. In fact, according to an old Chinese saying, the head is the place where all passages of the body gather. It's sensible to keep one's head warm.
Drinking soup
Indoor heating begins to work, which means most people might find their nose and mouth feel a bit dry. This accumulation (積累) of “inner heat” in one's body can cause problems. __4__， such as cabbage and bean curd soup.
Making preserved pork
After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry. __5__. In the past, when storage conditions were poor, people developed many ways to store food and preserved pork is one such example.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國24節氣中的第20個節氣——小雪，及其相關的生活習慣和飲食等。
A．Because it's still not bitterly cold
B．Various soups are more appealing
C．The solution is to drink more hot soup
D．It is the best time to start making preserved pork
E．Whether preserved pork is healthy remains unknown
F．Here are four things you should know about Minor Snow
G．The temperature in most areas in the north drops to zero degrees and below
解析：根據設空前“Minor Snow (小雪), the 20th solar term ... mostly in China's northern areas.”可知，上文主要圍繞小雪這個節氣進行介紹。F項(以下是關于小雪你應該知道的四件事)承接上文，同時引出下文關于小雪這個節氣的四個相關知識。故選F。
1．答案：F
解析：根據設空前“As an ancient Chinese book ... going to snow.’(正如一本中國古書所說：‘小雪，天冷，要下雪了。’)”可知，上文提到小雪這一節氣的溫度。G項(北方大部分地區的氣溫降至零度及以下)承接上文。故選G。
2．答案：G
解析：根據設空后“many people do not wear hats or scarves yet (許多人還沒有戴帽子或圍巾)”可推知，設空處應該和溫度有關。A項(因為天氣還不是特別冷)與下文構成因果關系，引出下文。故選A。
3．答案：A
解析：根據設空前“Indoor heating begins to work ... can cause problems.”可知，此時由于室內溫度較高，人們會覺得口鼻干燥，所以會引發體內燥熱。C項(解決辦法是多喝熱湯)承接上文。故選C。
4．答案：C
解析：根據設空前“After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry.”可知，小雪過后，氣溫急劇下降，空氣變得干燥。根據設空后“In the past ... is one such example.”可知，在過去，當儲存條件很差的時候，人們發明了許多儲存食物的方法，腌制豬肉就是這樣一個例子。D項(現在是開始制作臘肉的最佳時間)承上啟下。故選D。
5．答案：D
Ⅲ　語法填空
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese __1__ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners __2__ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realise how cheap __3__ can be to eat out. I still remember visiting a friend who __4__ (live) here for five years and I was __5__ (shock) when I learned she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
While regularly __6__ (eat) out seems to have become common for many young people in recent years, it's not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be __7__ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even __8__ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in __9__ (weigh) problems.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇議論文。中國飲食越來越受到外國友人的歡迎，與此同時，隨著社會的發展，越來越多的人外出就餐。作者認為，外出就餐過多會帶來費用支出過多和健康問題，我們應學著享受做飯的樂趣。
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home __10__ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
解析：考查名詞。根據設空前的形容詞Chinese可知，設空處應用名詞作賓語，dish意為“菜肴”，為可數名詞，此處應用名詞復數。故填dishes。
1．答案：dishes
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。句意：許多來中國的西方人一旦意識到在外面吃飯是多么便宜，就會比在自己的國家做飯少得多。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞是westerners，指人，引導詞在從句中作主語。故填who/that。
2．答案：who/that
解析：考查代詞。how引導賓語從句，此處應用it作形式主語，to eat out作真正的主語。故填it。
3．答案：it
解析：考查動詞的時態。句意：我還記得去拜訪一位在這里住了五年的朋友，當我得知她這么長時間里一次都沒做過飯時，我很震驚。此處表示在作者拜訪時，朋友已經住了五年，表示過去的過去，應用過去完成時。故填had lived。
4．答案：had lived
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處表示作者很震驚，應用 ed形式的形容詞作表語。故填shocked。
5．答案：shocked
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：近年來，對于許多年輕人來說，經常外出就餐似乎變得越來越普遍，但這并非沒有代價。此處應用動名詞作主語。故填eating。
6．答案：eating
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：最明顯的就是錢；每周出去吃一兩次飯可能負擔得起，但大部分時間都這樣做就會花很多錢。設空前是系動詞，設空處應用形容詞作表語，afford的形容詞形式是affordable，意為“負擔得起的”。故填affordable。
7．答案： affordable
解析：考查形容詞的比較級。句意：你的健康可能會付出更高的代價。設空后是名詞，設空處應用形容詞作定語，根據even可知，此處應用形容詞的比較級。故填higher。
8．答案： higher
解析：考查詞性轉換。句意：研究人員發現，在外面吃的食物的增加和體重問題的增加之間存在直接聯系。此處應用名詞weight作定語，weight problem意為“體重問題”。故填weight。
9．答案： weight
解析：考查介詞。句意：如果你不打算遭受這個問題，那么我建議你下次去你媽媽家吃飯時，向她學習一些烹飪技巧。此處是固定搭配for dinner，意為“吃晚飯”。故填for。
10．答案： for
Rosario's Peruvian Restaurant in Longmont has become well－known in the Denver metro area (都會區), Colorado over the last 10 years. The restaurant's owner Rosario Cardenas spends seven days a week at her beloved restaurant, joking that she calls it her “baby”. But how she made the restaurant a success is no joke at all. It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.
精深閱讀
Rosario's is a little place but for the last decade it has been serving up big, bold flavors from recipes Cardenas brought with her from her home in Perú—recipes that have helped her solidify a status for many as the best Peruvian restaurant in the Denver metro area.
As a former teacher and school principal, cooking used to be just a hobby. But when she immigrated to the US, she couldn't use her education degree here, so she decided to use her talents to share her country's unique dishes with her new community. “I have always said, if you can dream it, you can achieve it, and for me, the restaurant was my dream，” Cardenas said.
Rosario's isn't just about delicious food, it's also serving up slices of Peruvian culture. It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country. At her restaurant, she created a concept on her menu called “tours”， where guests can have samples of all kinds of Peruvian dishes.
Cardenas has regular Latino (拉丁美洲人) customers who will drive special three to four hours, some even from Wyoming, not just to enjoy her cooking but also to find a restaurant that represents their own culture in the metro area.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了以秘魯文化為基礎的食譜使得羅薩里奧餐廳在美國丹佛都會區深受歡迎。
“Food is a great way to connect, not just with the Peruvian community, but every single community. We have people from Mexico, Colombia, from all parts of South and Latin America.” Cardenas explained, “So, having me and my restaurant be that connection between these people and their culture and their heritage, I think it's just beautiful.”
1．What makes Rosario's restaurant popular in the Denver metro area
A．Its high-quality service.
B．Its family-centered model.
C．Its special location in Colorado.
D．Its Peruvian style recipes.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“recipes that have helped her ... in the Denver metro area”可知，秘魯特色的食譜使得羅薩里奧餐廳在丹佛都會區如此受歡迎。故選D。
2．Which words can best describe Cardenas
A．Ambitious and committed.
B．Organized but self－centered.
C．Adventurous and legendary.
D．Optimistic but simple minded.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“It is her determination and passion to turn a vision into reality.”可推知，Cardenas (卡德納斯)是一個有決心、心志堅定的人；根據第三段中的“‘I have always said ... was my dream，’ Cardenas said.”可推知，她是一個有抱負的人。故選A。
3．Why did Cardenas present “tours” on her menu
A．To get customers to know about Perú.
B．To get customers to shape Peruvian identity.
C．To reward regular visitors from Perú.
D．To draw more tourists to her home country.
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“It's part of ... Peruvian dishes.”可知，Cardenas在她的菜單上出現“旅游”，是想讓客人認識秘魯，品嘗其菜肴，了解其文化。故選A。
4．What can be inferred about Rosario's restaurant from the last two paragraphs
A．It can meet the demands of all customers.
B．It is a place to realize American dream.
C．It helps bring Latino cultures together.
D．It will be widely known all over the world.
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Cardenas has regular Latino ...in the metro area.”可推知，Cardenas有固定的拉丁裔顧客，再結合最后一段中的“Food is a great way to connect ... and Latin America.”可推知，羅薩里奧餐廳有助于拉丁文化的融合。故選C。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．____________n. 決心，堅定；決定
2．______ n. 激情，熱情
3．______ n. 幻想，想象；愿景
4．status n. ___________________________
5．________ v. 代表
determination
passion
vision
(尤指在社會中的)地位，身份
represent
(二)高頻短語
1．_____________ 把……轉變成……
2．_________ 上(菜)，(給……)提供
3．immigrate to _________
4．________ 一部分的
5．___________各種各樣的
turn ... into …
serve up
移民到
part of
all kinds of
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1．This beautiful old building has been restored to its _______ (form) glory.
2．Two of our greatest strengths are diversity and ___________ (commune)．
3．Outwardly she seemed confident but in ______ (real) she felt extremely nervous.
former
community
reality
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1．He was a regular visitor to her house.________
2．I couldn't understand a single word she said！________
3．He immigrated with his parents in 1895 and grew up on Long Island. ______
定期的
單一的
移民
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1．Long before I ever went there, Africa was alive in my imagination._______
2．If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal. _______
3．Each of London's districts had a distinct character that marked it off from its neighbours. _______
vision
achieve
unique
unique， achieve， vision
(六)長難句分析
　It's part of Cardenas' vision to help customers feel like they've taken a trip to her home country.
句意：幫助顧客感覺他們已經去了她的祖國旅行是卡德納斯愿景的一部分。
分析：句子主干為It's part of Cardenas' vision，是“________”結構。It作_________，to help customers ... country是不定式短語作____________。help sb (to) do sth，不定式(to) do作賓語補足語，故feel like ... country為_____；they've taken a trip to her home country是______從句，作介詞like的______。
主系表
形式主語
真正的主語
賓補
賓語
賓語
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．__________________ (在過去的十年中), Chou has been surrounded by a lot of success and honor.
2．He _______________ (曾經是飛行員) but now he has a desk job.
(八)仿寫句子
Arriving at the cinema, they found the film had been over.(現在分詞作狀語)
仿寫：看著它，我知道媽媽一直在等著我，這讓我平靜了下來。
___________________________________________________________________
Over the last 10 years
used to be a pilot
Looking at it, I knew my mother was out there for me, which calmed me down.

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