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英語 選擇性必修 第二冊 RJ
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一、閱讀單詞及詞塊：寫出漢語含義
1.pepper n. 甜椒；燈籠椒；胡椒粉
2.peppercorn n. 胡椒粒
3.vinegar n. 醋
4.onion n. 洋蔥；蔥頭
5.lamb n. 羊羔肉；羔羊
6.lamb kebab 烤羊肉串
7.dim sum n. 點心（中國食品）
8.vegetarian n. 素食者
9.junk food （＝junk） 垃圾食品
10.garlic n. 蒜
11.bacon n. 熏豬肉；咸肉
12.ham n. 火腿
13.sausage n. 香腸；臘腸
14.cabbage n. 甘藍；卷心菜；洋白菜
15.bean curd n. （＝tofu） 豆腐
二、高頻單詞：寫出英文單詞
1.cuisine n. 菜肴；風味；烹飪
2.consist vi. 由……組成（或構成）
3.recipe n. 烹飪法；食譜
4.chef n. 廚師；主廚
5.slice n. （切下的食物）薄片　vt. 把……切成薄片
6.minimum n. 最小值；最少量　adj. 最低（限度）的；最小的
7.consume vt. 吃；喝；飲；消耗
8.temper n. 脾氣；火氣
9.junk n. 無用的東西
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換（可查字典）
1.priority n. 優先；優先權；優先考慮的事→prior adj. 先前的；優先的
2.boldness n. 大膽；冒失；顯著→bold adj. 大膽自信的；敢于冒險的
3.elegance n. 優雅，雅致；簡練→elegant adj. 精美的；講究的；文雅的→elegantly adv. 優美地
4.exception n. 例外，除外→exceptional adj. 特別的；罕見的
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
stuff [熟義] n. 東西，物品
[生義] v. 填滿；把……塞進，填進　n. （泛指）說（或做）的事
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1.prior to 在……之前的
2.consist of 由……組成（或構成）
3.slice ... off 切下
課文三維剖析
CULTURE AND CUISINE
文化與美食
The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat－Savarin1 once wrote， “Tell me2what you eat3， and4 I will tell you what you are.” Put more simply， this means “You are what you eat5.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating. However， Brillat－Savarin was actually referring to our personality， character， and culture. 法國作家讓·安泰爾姆·布里亞－薩瓦蘭曾寫道：“告訴我你平時吃什么，我就可以說出你是個什么樣的人。”簡單地說，這句話就是“人如其食”的意思。如今，大多數人把這條諺語與健康飲食聯系起來。然而，布里亞－薩瓦蘭實際上指的是我們的個性、品格及文化。 Certainly， in many ways this seems to be true6. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China7， my only experience with Chinese cooking8 was in America， with Chinese food9 that10 had been changed to suit American tastes11． For example， America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken， which12 consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce， flavoured with hot red peppers13. This is probably not an authentic Chinese recipe， however， so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand， it does14 tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us， for example15， that16 Americans love bold， simple flavours. And， since17 the dish was also invented recently， it tells us18　that Americans are not afraid to try new foods19. 當然，從很多方面來看，此話不假。中國菜就是個很好的例子。來中國之前，我只在美國接觸過中式烹飪，那里的中國食物已被改變，以適應美國人的口味。例如，在美國最受歡迎的中國菜是“左宗棠雞”，它在油炸的雞肉上淋上甜醬，再佐以煸炒過的紅辣椒制成。然而，這或許并不是地道的中餐做法，因此并不能讓我們對中國人了解多少。不過在另一方面，它確實讓我們對美國人了解很多。例如，這道菜說明美國人喜愛濃烈、簡單的口味。此外，由于這道菜也是新發明，說明美國人不懼怕嘗試新的菜品。 Later， I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food20 by coming to China21　. When22 my family and I had just arrived in China， we went looking for a good place to eat23 in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend， and24 finally， we found it. Tired， hungry， and not knowing a word of Chinese25， we had no idea how to order26， so27 the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten28. With this29， we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste30： Sichuan peppercorns31. The food was wonderful and different， but32what was even more important33 was the friendship offered us34. 后來，我來到中國，有機會品嘗地道的中國食物。我與家人剛剛抵達中國，便在北京找一個好地方吃飯。一位朋友之前向我們推薦過一家川菜館，最終我們找到了這家餐館。又累又餓，一個漢字也不認識，我們壓根兒不知道如何點餐，于是廚師在我們桌上擺滿了食物，那是我們吃過的最可口的佳肴。于是，我們高高興興地體驗了一種全新的口味：四川花椒。食物妙不可言、與眾不同，但更為重要的是我們所獲得的友誼。 We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled35 dumplings served with vinegar36　. I observed that37 family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China38， where39 making dumplings40 has always been a family affair with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help41. Later， I learnt that42 the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions43. 不久，我們到了位于華北東部的山東省。在那里我最喜愛的食物是蘸著醋吃的水餃。我發現那里的人都很重視家庭。水餃已成為華北人民最喜愛的一種傳統食物；包餃子一直是一項全員參與的家庭活動，無論老少都會加入進來幫忙。后來，我了解到，最有名的山東食物是煎餅卷大蔥。 Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result， their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire44—usually boiled or roasted meat， such as lamb kebab45. 隨后，我們又到了新疆北部。我們的一些朋友是哈薩克族人和內蒙古人。傳統上，他們騎著馬在廣闊的草原上漫步。因此，他們的傳統食物在篝火上烹制而成，通常是水煮肉或烤肉，例如羊肉串。 Our travels then took us to South China， and then on to central China. In each place we went， we experienced wonderful local dishes， from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan46. Everywhere， the food was as varied as the people. However， one thing is always true： Through food47， Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. 接著，我們前往華南，之后又去了華中。我們每到一處，都會品嘗當地美食，有廣東的精致點心——那是放在竹蒸籠里蒸出來的小份食品——還有河南獨特的燴面。所到之處的美食與當地人一樣精彩紛呈。然而，有一件事始終不變：每個地方的中國人都通過食物展現友情與善意。 At a minimum， the kinds of food local people consume48tell us49 what they grow in their region， what kinds of lives they lead， and50 what they like and do not like. Could we also say， for example51， that52 those who like bold flavours53 are bold themselves？ Or54， that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper？ Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say55， however56， is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand57， and58if59 you do not experience one， you can never really know the other. 當地人的食物種類至少能讓我們知道該地區種植什么作物、人們過著怎樣的生活以及他們的愛憎。例如，我們是否也能這樣推斷，喜歡重口味的人性格粗獷？抑或喜歡辛辣食物的人往往脾氣火暴？也許是的，也許又不是。但是，我們可以確定的是，文化和美食這兩者息息相關，如果你沒有體驗過其中的一個，你就永遠無法真正了解另一個。 1 是The French author的同位語 2　Tell的間接賓語 3　賓語從句，充當Tell的直接賓語 4　整句直接引語是and連接的并列句 5　賓語從句；what you eat是表語從句 6　作表語；seems是系動詞 7　狀語 8　介詞短語作experience的后置定語 9　狀語 10　引導定語從句，修飾food 11　不定式短語作目的狀語 12　引導非限制性定語從句 13　兩個過去分詞短語（covered ... 和flavoured ...） 作chicken的后置定語 14　does/do/did用于動詞原形前，起強調謂語動詞的作用 15　插入語 16　引導賓語從句 17　引導原因狀語從句 18　tells的間接賓語 19　賓語從句，充當tells的直接賓語 20　不定式短語作chance的后置定語 21　介詞短語作方式狀語 22　引導時間狀語從句 23　不定式作place的后置定語 24　整句是由and連接的并列句 25　形容詞和現在分詞短語，作原因狀語 26　疑問詞＋不定式，作idea的同位語 27　整句是由so連接的并列句 28　省略了引導詞that的定語從句，修飾food 29　介詞短語作方式狀語 30　介詞短語作pleasure的后置定語 31　作taste的同位語 32　整句是由but連接的并列句 33　主語從句 34　過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾friendship 35　過去分詞作dumplings的前置定語 36　過去分詞短語作dumplings的后置定語 37　引導賓語從句 38　介詞短語作dish的后置定語 39　引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明North China 40　動名詞短語作主語 41　with復合結構（with＋everyone＋joining ...）是affair的后置定語；from the youngest to the oldest是everyone的后置定語 42　引導賓語從句 43　過去分詞短語作rolls的后置定語 44　表語從句 45　作boiled or roasted meat的同位語 46　from ... to ... 介詞短語，作local dishes的同位語 47　方式狀語 48 省略了引導詞that/which的定語從句，修飾food 49　tell sb sth，sb（us）是間接賓語 50　and連接三個what引導的賓語從句，作直接賓語 51　插入語 52　引導賓語從句 53　定語從句，修飾those 54　連接兩個由that 引導的賓語從句 55　主語從句 56　插入語 57　表語從句 58　and連接兩個并列句 59　引導條件狀語從句
閱讀領悟
（一）段落主旨連線
（二）“例如”的同義表達
for example 句首、句中、句末；通常列舉一個人或東西
for instance ＝for example，但更高級；通常列舉一個事件
such as 列舉多個
like ＝such as
namely 列舉全部
1.For example， air is invisible.
例如，空氣是看不見的。
2.He， for example， is a good student.
例如，他就是個好學生。
3.What would you do if you met a wild animal—a lion， for example？
如果遇上野獸，例如獅子，你該怎么辦？
4.You cannot rely on her. For instance， she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.
她這人靠不住，例如，昨天一個重要會議，她竟遲到了一個小時。
5.Some of the European languages come from Latin， such as/like French， Italian and Spanish.
有些歐洲語言來源于拉丁語，例如，法語、意大利語和西班牙語。
6.He knows four languages， namely Chinese， English， Russian and French.
他精通四門語言，即漢語、英語、俄語和法語。
（三）介詞短語作插入語
in fact， in one's opinion， in general， in a word， in other words， in a few words， of course， by the way， as a result， for example， on the contrary， on the other hand， to one's surprise， in short， as a matter of fact， in conclusion， in brief等
1.你不能再等了，換言之，你得立即出發。
You can't wait anymore—in other words， you should start at once.
2.相反，我們應該加強和他們的合作。
On the contrary， we should strengthen our cooperation with them.
探究一　熱詞
1.consist vi. 由……組成（或構成）；在于，存在于（教材P26）
·consistent adj. 一致的；始終如一的 ·consistency n. 一致性；連貫性 consist of （無被動語態，不用于進行時）＝be made up of＝be composed of 由……組成（或構成） consist in 存在于；在于；（以……）為主要組成部分 consist with 與……一致 be consistent with ... 與……一致
①Becker was never the most consistent of players anyway.
不管怎么說，貝克爾從來就不是一個很穩定的球員。
②The buffet consisted of several different Indian dishes.
自助餐由一些不同的印度菜組成。
③True education does not consist in simply being taught facts.
真正的教育并不在于簡單地講授事實。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①It's important to show some consistency （consist） in your work.
②Her work is sometimes good， but the problem is she's not consistent （consist）.
【學會表達】翻譯
③對她來說，幸福就是看電視和讀雜志。
For her， happiness consists in watching television and reading magazines.
④這道菜準備起來很簡單，主要由米和蔬菜組成。
It's a simple dish to prepare， consisting mainly of rice and vegetables.
2.slice n. （切下的食物）薄片　vt. 把……切成薄片（教材P26）
·sliced adj. （食物）已切成薄片的 a slice of 一片…… slice ... off 切下；割下 slice （sth） into ... （把某物）切成…… sliced noodles/ham/bread 刀削面/火腿片/面包片
①Typical hot pot dishes include thinly sliced meat， leafy vegetables， mushrooms， wontons， egg dumplings， tofu， and seafood.
典型的火鍋菜肴包括薄切肉片、葉菜、蘑菇、餛飩、蛋餃、豆腐和海鮮。
②To keep slim， she only had a slice of bread for her breakfast.
為了保持身材苗條，她早餐只吃一片面包。
③Just slice enough meat off， and put the rest back.
切下來足夠的肉，把剩下的放回去。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I usually buy sliced （slice） bread—it's less bother.
②It demands great skill to slice the meat into such thin slices.
【學會表達】翻譯
③早餐我吃了一片厚厚的黃油面包。
For breakfast I had a thick slice of bread and butter.
3.minimum n. 最小值；最少量　adj. 最低（限度）的；最小的（教材P27）
a minimum of 最少（的）；至少 at a minimum 處于最小限度；至少 at the minimum of cost 以最低的成本/代價 keep ... to a minimum 把……保持在最低限度
①The class needs a minimum of six students to continue.
這個班最少需要六名學生才可以繼續辦下去。
②At a minimum， you should spend two hours in the evening studying in order to catch up with your classmates.
為了趕上同學，你晚上至少應該花兩個小時學習。
③I intended to keep digital devices in my life to a minimum.
我打算將電子設備在我生活中的比例保持在最低水平。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Try to keep any conflict between you and your partner to a minimum.
②At a minimum， the space should not be dull and depressing.
【學會表達】翻譯
③We need a minimum of ten people to play this game.
我們至少需要十個人來玩這個游戲。
④He knew that he had not managed to get the minimum score required for a school athlete to remain in the school team.
他知道自己沒有達到校運動員留在校隊所需的最低分數。
4.consume vt. 吃；喝；飲；消耗；使充滿（教材P27 ）
·consumption n. 消費，消耗；食用 ·consumer n. 消費者，顧客 consume sb （with sth） 使某人充滿（強烈的感情） consume away 毀滅；毀掉 energy/power/water/fuel consumption 能量損耗/能量功耗/耗水量/耗油量 consumer demand/choice/rights 消費者的需求/選擇/權利
①She consumed a whole pizza in a matter of minutes.
她在幾分鐘內就吃掉了一整個比薩餅。
②Calorie consumption is linked to the amount of snacks one eats.
卡路里的消耗與零食的攝入量有關。
③I didn't even stop to think for a second about what I had said， because I was consumed with anger.
我甚至沒有停下來一秒鐘想想我說的話，因為我被憤怒吞噬了。
【小小語義場】消費類的相關表達
expenditure 支出；消費
expense 費用
spend on ... 在……方面花費
shopping mall 大型購物中心
over consumption 過度消費
go to the expense of 花費大量金錢
online shopping 網上購物
shopping addiction 購物成癮；購物狂
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①The food was not fit for human consumption （consume）.
【學會表達】完成句子
②我滿懷愧疚，鼓起勇氣，向他道歉，并保證這種事再也不會發生了。
Consumed with guilt， I gathered my courage， apologized and promised that it would never happen again.
③在不需要時把燈開著會導致不必要的能源消耗。
Leaving the lights on when not necessary contributes to unnecessary energy consumption.
1.priority n. 優先；優先權；優先考慮的事→prior adj. 先前的；優先的
According to the prior traffic laws， buses have priority at this junction.
根據先前的交通法，公共汽車在這個路口有優先權。
2.elegance n. 優雅，雅致；簡練→elegant adj. 精美的；講究的；文雅的→elegantly adv. 優美地
Her elegance sets her apart from other journalists and I was extremely inspired by her elegant words.
她的文雅使她與其他記者區別開來，而且她優雅的語言給了我極大的啟發。
3.exception n. 例外，除外→exceptional adj. 特別的；罕見的
At the age of five he showed exceptional talent in art， with the exception of music.
他五歲時除了音樂，在藝術上也表現出非凡的天賦。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①She will be unable to attend because of a prior （priority） engagement.
②Jimmy and his partner drifted elegantly （elegance） around the room.
③The young surgeon showed exceptional （exception） competence.
【學會表達】完成句子
④該建筑物在外觀上是一項建筑杰作，精美雅致。
The exterior of the building was a masterpiece of architecture， elegant and graceful.
stuff
[熟義]n. 東西，物品 [生義]v. 填滿；把……塞進，填進 n. （泛指）說（或做）的事
①The fridge is stuffed to bursting.
冰箱滿得都快撐破了。
②I've got loads of stuff to do today.
我今天有好多事要做。
【學會運用】同義詞替換
①Every room must have been stuffed with material things. filled
【學會表達】翻譯
②All that stuff she has been saying about you is just not true.
她說的關于你的那些話都不是真的。
③我們得帶上所有野營需要的東西。
We'll have to carry all our camping stuff.
探究二　長難句分析
Tired， hungry， and not knowing a word of Chinese， we had no idea how to order， so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.（教材P26） 又累又餓，一個漢字也不認識，我們壓根兒不知道如何點餐，于是廚師在我們桌上擺滿了食物，那是我們吃過的最可口的佳肴。
【分析】　整句是so連接的并列句。前一分句的主干為we had no idea，后一分句的主干為the chef began filling our table。tired，hungry 是形容詞作狀語，not knowing ... 是現在分詞短語作狀語；how to order是“疑問詞＋不定式”結構作idea的同位語；we had ever eaten是省略了that的定語從句。 形容詞（短語）可以作狀語，表示方式、伴隨、原因、時間、條件、讓步、結果、狀態等。 作原因狀語，通常位于句首 作伴隨狀語，可以置于句首，也可以置于句末 作結果狀語，一般位于句末 作讓步狀語，常由一個形容詞（短語）或由or連接的兩個及兩個以上的并列形容詞（短語）構成。常位于句首，也可位于句中 作時間狀語，通常位于句首
①We stayed up late， anxious to wait for him to come back.
我們熬夜到很晚，焦急地等著他回來。
②Confident of passing the exam， he turned off the light and went to sleep.
他有信心通過考試，于是關燈睡覺了。
③Exhausted， he flopped down into a chair.
他筋疲力盡，一屁股坐到椅子上。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Unfamiliar （familiar） with the new rules， they missed out on a team medal and finished fourth.
②She is smiling， cheerful （cheer） and full of energy today.
【學會表達】完成句子
③既沮喪又無助，埃里克獨自站在那里，不知道下一步該做什么。
Depressed and helpless， Eric stood there alone， not knowing what to do next.
維度一　高頻詞匯
（一）寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1.minimum n. 最小值；最少量　adj. 最低（限度）的；最小的
2.slice n. （切下的食物）薄片　vt. 把……切成薄片
3.junk n. 無用的東西
4.stuff vt. 填滿；把……塞進　n. 東西；物品
5.temper n. 脾氣；火氣
6.consist vi. 由……組成（或構成）
7.recipe n. 烹飪法；食譜
8.consist of 由……組成（或構成）
9.slice ... off 切下
10.prior to 在……之前的
（二）寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1.The wine made him bold enough to approach them.大膽自信的
2.Dim sum is an important part in tea house， by which its making and variety can fully reveal the quality of the tea house.點心（中國食品）
3.It held two thick pieces of bread with a slice of something laid between them.薄片
4.What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet？東西
5.The work was done with the minimum amount of effort.最小的
維度二　語境運用
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.Success consists in the ability to continue efforts throughout failures.
2.Be very careful with the stuff； it can be dangerous if it isn't handled properly.
3.It was her natural elegance （elegant） that struck me.
4.When the oil is hot， add the sliced （slice） onion.
5.Costs should be kept to a minimum.
（四）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
1.Never go to a speech without some previous work on it.prior
2.Before he died he had drank a large quantity of alcohol.consumed
3.I wasn't brave enough to tell her what I thought of her.bold
4.The restaurant's dish is of a distinctive style and very popular among local residents.cuisine
5.The band did some great things on their first album.stuff
維度三　能力提升
（五）長難句分析
　Joe struggled to handle his school work day and night， but what made him upset was that it did not work—until one stormy afternoon.
分析：整句是but連接的并列句。前一分句主干是Joe struggled to handle his school work，是“主謂賓”結構，to handle his school work為不定式短語作賓語。后一分句主干是A was B，A＝what ... upset 是主語從句；B＝that it did ... afternoon是表語從句。
（六）句型轉換
1.They were excited and moved. They were in tears.（形容詞作狀語）
→Excited and moved， they were in tears.
2.She fails to get on well with her classmates at school. That is her biggest problem. （表語從句）
→Her biggest problem is that she fails to get on well with her classmates at school.
維度四　素養提升
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.Prior to the accident （在事故發生前）， the car was traveling at a high speed.
2.The government consists of three branches （由三個部門組成）： the legislative，the executive，and the judicial.
3.He sliced a small piece off （切下一小塊） the apple and ate it.
（八）翻譯
1.這部電影比我預期的更令人興奮。（even＋比較級）
The movie was even more exciting than I had anticipated.
2.我們需要同時促進經濟增長和環境保護。（hand in hand）
We need to promote economic growth and environmental protection hand in hand.
課后課時作業（一）
較易題（占比70%）　中檔題（占比30%）　拔高題（占比0%）
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
Alicia never thought her mother， Jiamin would operate a big business. Jiamin worked her whole life as a housewife and had never 　1　 a business before， but she wanted to do something 　2　. As the owner of the Oakland Fortune Factory， Jiamin delights in 　3　 how much people enjoy the unique flavors and designs of their cookies.
Jiamin moved with her family from Guangdong， China， to Oakland in 1999. She 　4　 Alicia in Chinatown， not far from the bakery， which they did not yet own. When the bakery was on the edge of shutting down in 2016， Jiamin decided to 　5　 it.
Running the bakery posed a number of 　6　. Much of the equipment had to be 　7　 and the facility needed improvement. Besides， Jiamin had no 　8　 of operating a business and couldn't speak English 　9　. Working by herself， she kept calling her daughter day after day， asking her for help. With their intense efforts， the bakery 　10　. After Alicia graduated from college， she moved back to 　11　 her mom.
Today， the business is boosting and the fortune cookies are becoming culture carriers. For example， some cookies feature traditional Chinese culture， 　12　 how amazing the Chinese nation is. To 　13　 the Year of the Tiger—Jiamin's birth year animal—the bakery made some of its cookies with the Chinese character for tiger.
“The tiger represents 　14　 and strength，” Alicia explained. “It really reminds me of my mom because she's a 　15　 and fearless woman who is protective of her family.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Alicia （艾麗西婭）的媽媽賈敏以前從未做過生意，她接手了一個要倒閉的面包店，她不僅使面包店起死回生，還通過餅干傳播了中國傳統文化。
1.A.run B.sponsored
C.joined D.won
答案：A
解析：句意：賈敏做了一輩子的家庭主婦，以前從未做過生意，但她想做些不同的事情。run 經營；sponsor 贊助；主辦；join 參加；加入；win 獲得；贏得。根據后文“a business”可推知，此處指經營生意。故選A。
2.A.smart B.magic
C.different D.popular
答案：C
解析：smart 聰明的；magic 神奇的；different 不同的；popular 流行的；受歡迎的。根據前文可知，賈敏之前是家庭主婦；根據后文“As the owner of the Oakland Fortune Factory”可知，賈敏成了一個生意人，此處表示她想做一些和以前不同的事情。故選C。
3.A.imagining B.seeing
C.assessing D.proving
答案：B
解析：imagine 想象；see 看見；assess 評價；估計；prove 證實；證明。根據后文“how much people enjoy the unique flavors and designs of their cookies”可推知，人們喜歡自己的餅干是賈敏作為老板樂于見到的事情。故選B。
4.A.abandoned B.visited
C.raised D.trained
答案：C
解析：abandon 拋棄；遺棄；visit 參觀；拜訪；raise 撫養；train 培訓；訓練。主語“She”指代媽媽賈敏，賓語“Alicia”是其女兒，此處指媽媽養育女兒長大。故選C。
5.A.buy B.fund
C.expand D.leave
答案：A
解析：buy 買；fund 資助；為……提供資金；expand 擴大；增加；leave 離開。根據后文“Running the bakery posed a number of 　6　.”可推知，賈敏決定買下即將倒閉的面包店。故選A。
6.A.puzzles B.conflicts
C.challenges D.threats
答案：C
解析：puzzle 謎；疑問；conflict 矛盾；challenge 挑戰；threat 威脅。根據后文“Much of the equipment ... speak English 　9　.”可知，接管這個要倒閉的面包店，賈敏需要面對很多挑戰。故選C。
7.A.ordered B.transported
C.invented D.repaired
答案：D
解析：order 命令；訂購；transport 運輸；invent 發明；repair 修理。根據后文“and the facility needed improvement”可知，店里的很多設施需要改進，由此可推知，很多設備也需要修理了。故選D。
8.A.experience B.qualification
C.energy D.licence
答案：A
解析：experience 經驗；qualification 資格；學歷；energy 能量；精力；licence 許可證；執照。根據前文“Jiamin worked her whole life ... a business before”可知，賈敏一直是家庭主婦，沒有經商的經驗。故選A。
9.A.loudly B.efficiently
C.bravely D.fluently
答案：D
解析：loudly 大聲地；響亮地；efficiently 有效率地；高效地；bravely 勇敢地；fluently 流利地。根據前文“couldn't speak English”可知，此處指賈敏不能流利地說英語。故選D。
10.A.broke up B.faded away
C.pulled through D.took over
答案：C
解析：break up 分手；解散；fade away 褪色；消逝；pull through 渡過難關；take over 接管；接收。根據前文“With their intense efforts”可知，她們付出了很多努力，此處表示在她們的努力下，面包店渡過了難關。故選C。
11.A.replace B.comfort
C.reward D.help
答案：D
解析：replace 替代；取代；comfort 安慰；reward 獎勵；獎賞；help 幫助。根據前文“she kept calling her daughter day after day， asking her for help”可知，賈敏讓Alicia幫忙，因此，Alicia大學畢業后，自然會回到面包店幫忙。故選D。
12.A.showing B.witnessing
C.predicting D.testing
答案：A
解析：show 展示；witness 見證；目擊；predict 預言；預測；test 測試。設空后“how amazing the Chinese nation is”是前文“traditional Chinese culture”的具體所指，即餅干上所展示的中國文化。故選A。
13.A.describe B.admire
C.advertise D.honor
答案：D
解析：describe 描述；admire 羨慕；欣賞；advertise 做廣告；登廣告；honor 紀念；尊敬。根據后文“the bakery made some of its cookies with the Chinese character for tiger”可知，為了紀念中國虎年，面包店制作了一些虎年主題餅干。故選D。
14.A.justice B.courage
C.intelligence D.health
答案：B
解析：justice 公平；正義；courage 勇氣；intelligence 聰明；智力；health 健康。此處與后文的“fearless （無畏的）”相呼應，表示“勇氣”。故選B。
15.A.generous B.learned
C.determined D.curious
答案：C
解析：generous 慷慨的；大方的；learned 博學的；determined 有決心的；curious 好奇的。根據前文“Today， the business ... are becoming culture carriers.”可知，賈敏在面包店要倒閉時將其接手，并克服困難（如設備老舊、語言障礙），由此可知，她具備堅定的決心。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
Ahh ... Fish， chips and mushy peas！ There is nothing more British than fish and chips. Freshly cooked， boiling hot fish and chips， topped with salt and seasoned with vinegar， packed in newspaper and eaten outdoors on a cold and wintry day—it simply cannot be beaten！
　1　 Both Lancashire and London claim to be the first to invent this famous meal. Chips were a cheap， basic food of the industrial north while fried fish was introduced in London's East End. 　2　 So was born our national dish of fish and chips！
　3　 Mr Lees sold fish and chips from a wooden shelter in the market. Later he moved the business to a permanent shop across the road. However， in London， it is said that Joseph Malin， a Jewish immigrant， opened a fish and chip shop in Cleveland Way within the sound of Bow Bells in the 1860s.
Fish and chip shops were originally small family businesses， often run from the front room of the house and were commonplace by the late 19th century. Through the latter part of the 19th century and well into the 20th century， the fish and chip trade expanded greatly to satisfy the needs of the growing industrial population of Great Britain. Fish and chips became vital to the diet of the ordinary people. 　4　
In 1999， the British consumed nearly 300 million servings of fish and chips. That equates to six servings for every man， woman and child in the country. 　5　 That's eight for every one Burger King restaurant， making British Fish and Chips the nation's favourite take away.
A.It quickly became a favourite of the workers.
B.People soon decided to put fried fish and chips together.
C.John Lees owned a restaurant and sold the famous pairing.
D.So how， when and where did this British dish come about？
E.There are now around 8，500 fish and chip shops across the UK.
F.Some shops had to employ doormen to control the queue at busy times.
G.The first fish and chip shop in Lancashire is thought to have opened in 1863.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英式美食炸魚和炸薯條的發展歷程。
1.答案：D
解析：根據下文“Both Lancashire and London ... this famous meal.（蘭開夏郡和倫敦都聲稱自己是這一著名美食的首創者。）”以及下文的介紹可知，本段講述英式美食炸魚和炸薯條的發展歷程，D項（那么，這道英國菜是如何、何時、從何地產生的呢？）符合語境。故選D。
2.答案：B
解析：根據上文“Chips were a cheap ... London's East End.（薯條是北方工業地區的一種廉價的基本食物，而炸魚則是在倫敦東區被引進的。）”和下文“So was born ... fish and chips！（我們的國菜炸魚薯條就這樣誕生了！）”可知，人們把炸魚和炸薯條放在一起食用，便有了炸魚薯條的誕生。B項（人們很快就決定把炸魚和薯條放在一起吃。）承上啟下。故選B。
3.答案：G
解析：根據下文內容可知，本段主要討論的是第一家炸魚和薯條店，G項（蘭開夏郡的第一家炸魚薯條店據說于1863年開業。）符合語境，G項具體回應了上文“蘭開夏郡和倫敦爭奪發明權”的爭議，并與下文倫敦案例形成對比，體現地域競爭。故選G。
4.答案：F
解析：根據上文“Through the latter part ... ordinary people.”可知，本段主要講述炸魚和薯條成為重要的飲食，被大眾所接受，F項（有些店在繁忙時不得不雇用門衛來控制隊列。）承接上文。故選F。
5.答案：E
解析：根據上文“In 1999 ... fish and chips.”可知，英國人很喜歡吃炸魚薯條，由此可推知，在英國有很多的炸魚薯條店，E項（現在在英國大約有8，500家炸魚薯條店。）符合語境。故選E。
Ⅲ　語法填空
Throughout history， many species of animals have been threatened with 　1　 （extinct）. When Europeans first arrived in North America， more than 60 million buffalo （水牛） lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal's population 　2　 （fall） to about 400 before the government took action 　3　 （preserve） the species. In some countries today， the elephant faces a similar challenge， as illegal hunters kill the animals 　4　 the ivory （象牙） in their tusks.
　5　， not all animals with commercial value face this threat. The cow， for example， is a 　6　 （value） source of food， but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant， while the commercial value of beef 　7　 （protect） the cow？
The reason is that elephants are a common resource， while cows are private goods. Elephants wander 　8　 （free） without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because hunters are numerous， each has only a slight motivation to care for the elephant population. By contrast， cattle live on farms 　9　 are privately owned. Each farmer makes great efforts to maintain the cattle population on his own farm because he harvests 　10　 benefit of these efforts.
1.　　 　　2.　　 　　3.　　 　　4.　　 　
5.　　 　　6.　　 　　7.　　 　　8.　　 　
9.　　 　　10.　　 　
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。縱觀歷史，許多動物物種都面臨著滅絕的威脅。本文解釋了為什么象牙的商業價值威脅到大象，而牛肉的商業價值卻保護了奶牛。
1.答案：extinction
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處應用名詞作介詞with的賓語，表示抽象概念，為不可數名詞。故填extinction。
2.答案：had fallen
解析：考查動詞的時態。句意：然而，在19世紀，狩獵野牛是如此流行，以至于到1900年，在政府采取措施保護該物種之前，野牛的數量已經下降到大約400頭。設空處在句中作謂語，根據時間狀語“by 1900”可知，設空處應用過去完成時。故填had fallen。
3.答案：to preserve
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處應用非謂語動詞，在句中作目的狀語，應用動詞不定式，表示政府采取行動的目的是保護物種。故填to preserve。
4.答案：for
解析：考查介詞。句意：如今，在一些國家，大象面臨著類似的挑戰，因為非法獵人為了獲取象牙而捕殺大象。根據句意可知，設空處應用介詞，表示“為了”。故填for。
5.答案：However
解析：考查副詞。句意：然而，并非所有具有商業價值的動物都面臨著這種威脅。根據上文“In some countries today ... ivory （象牙） in their tusks.”及下文“not all animals ... face this threat”可知，設空處表示轉折，且前面有逗號隔開，應用however。位于句首，單詞首字母應大寫。故填However。
6.答案：valuable
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處應用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞source。故填valuable。
7.答案：protects
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意：為什么象牙的商業價值威脅到大象，而牛肉的商業價值卻保護了奶牛？敘述客觀事實，應用一般現在時；設空處在句中作謂語，主語為the commercial value，謂語應用單數。故填protects。
8.答案：freely
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處作狀語，應用副詞修飾動詞wander。故填freely。
9.答案：that/which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。句意：相比之下，牛生活在私人擁有的農場。設空處引導定語從句，且在句中作主語，先行詞為farms，指物。故填that/which。
10.答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。句意：每個農民都努力維持自己農場的牛的數量，因為他從這些努力中獲得好處。根據benefit的后置定語“of these efforts”可知，此處特指這些努力的好處。故填the。
　精深閱讀
Britons are well known for the amount of tea that they drink. The average person in the UK consumes around 1.9 kg of tea yearly. That's around 876 cups of tea. Tea is drunk by all sections of society. But tea is not native to Britain. Most tea is grown in India and China. So， how did it become an important part of British culture？
Tea arrived in London in the 1600s. At this time， British ships were exploring the world and came across the drink in China. It was not long before green tea was available to buy. However， this was only available to the richer sections of society.
At the beginning of the 1700s， the amount of tea arriving in Britain increased gradually. Black tea arrived at this time. At first people drank this tea exactly as it was in China. They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar， giving the drink a special British characteristic.
In the 1800s tea was still a product enjoyed only by people with money. At this time they began to have “afternoon tea”. This involves drinking tea with a snack around 4 pm to avoid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner. It is a tradition that is still going today but has become less popular in recent times.
In the late 1800s， the price of tea decreased sharply as more tea began to arrive on ships from India and China. It was no longer a drink just for rich people. Tearooms—shops where you could buy and drink tea—started to appear across the country. People enjoyed drinking tea and socialising in these places. At the start of the 20th century， Britons began to make tea in their homes whenever they felt like it. Kettles became necessary in every kitchen.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了茶在英國文化中的發展歷史。
1.How does the passage mainly develop？
A.By providing examples.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By following the order of time.
D.By following the order of importance.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Tea arrived in London in the 1600s.”，第三段中的“At the beginning ... increased gradually.”，倒數第二段中的“In the 1800s ... with money.”和最后一段中的“In the late 1800s ... India and China.”以及“At the start of the 20th century ... they felt like it.”可推知，文章主要是按照時間順序展開的。故選C。
2.What can we learn about British tea culture from Paragraph 1 and 2？
A.Tea reached Britain from China centuries ago.
B.Britons are famous for planting tea.
C.Green tea was popular in China.
D.Most tea is grown in Britain.
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Tea arrived in London ... the drink in China.（17世紀，茶來到倫敦。當時，英國船只正在探索世界，并在中國發現了這種飲品。）”可知，幾個世紀前，茶葉從中國傳入英國。故選A。
3.When was tea no longer a drink just for rich people in the UK？
A.In the early 1700s.
B.In the early 1800s.
C.In the late 1800s.
D.In the late 20th century.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“In the late 1800s， the price of tea ... a drink just for rich people.”可知，在19世紀后期茶葉的價格急劇下降，茶不再是英國富人的專屬飲品。故選C。
4.What is the author's purpose of writing this article？
A.To describe how to drink tea.
B.To explain why people love tea.
C.To compare black tea with green tea.
D.To introduce the history of British tea culture.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Most tea ... British culture？”，第二段中的“Tea arrived in London in the 1600s.”，第三段中的“At the beginning ... increased gradually.”和最后一段中的“At the start ... in every kitchen.”可推知，作者主要是為了介紹茶在英國文化中的發展歷史。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
（一）熱詞
1.average adj. 平均的；普通的，平常的
2.section n. 階層；界
3.available adj. 可用的，可獲得的
4.characteristic n. 特征，特點，特色　adj. 獨特的，特有的
5.sharply adv. 急劇地，突然大幅度地
（二）高頻短語
1.be native to 原產于……；源于……的
2.come across 偶然遇見
3.the amount of ……的數量，……的數額
4.mix ... with ... 把……與……混合在一起
5.avoid doing sth 避免做某事
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.It was not long before I tracked down the lost watch.
2.It is well known （know） that bamboo shoots are a panda's staple diet.
3.The building looks exactly （exact） as it did when it was built in 1877.
（四）寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.Smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease.增加
2.There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve.傳統
3.This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year.減少
（五）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1.It suddenly became fashionable for politicians to talk about green issues.popular
2.Parents play a（n） crucial role in preparing their child for school.important
3.She acts well but she hasn't got star quality.characteristic
（六）長難句分析
　They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar， giving the drink a special British characteristic.
句意：他們很快發現，它與少量牛奶和糖混合得非常好，使這種飲料具有英國特色。
分析：句子主干為They discovered that ...，是“主謂賓”結構。that引導賓語從句； giving ... 是現在分詞短語作結果狀語。
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.I think part of her problem （她的部分問題） is that she doesn't listen carefully enough to what other people say.
2.The panda is native to （源于） China， proudly called the “national treasure”.
（八）仿寫句子
　Relax and take a rest whenever you feel that you need one.（讓步狀語從句）
仿寫：無論你什么時候面對困難，請不要灰心。
Whenever you are faced with difficulties， please don't lose heart.
課后課時作業（二）
較易題（占比50%）　中檔題（占比50%）　拔高題（占比0%）
題號 A B
難度 ★ ★★
　　閱讀
A
Wilberforce Tushemereirwe holds up a genetically modified banana that took millions of dollars and 20 years to make. It contains a large amount of provitamin A， a substance that transforms into vitamin A in the body. This “super banana” was created at Uganda's National Agricultural Research Laboratories for the noblest of causes： to save the lives of thousands of children who die in Uganda every year from a lack of vitamin A.
Vitamin A shortage remains a serious global public health problem. The World Health Organization estimates that 190 million preschool children suffer from vitamin A shortage today， mostly in sub Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. It is the leading cause of preventable blindness in children. It also inhibits children's growth and weakens their resistance to illnesses so that many die from treatable diseases such as diarrhea and measles. In Uganda， one of the world's poorest countries， it remains high on the list of health risks， which makes it urgent to find ways to deal with the condition.
The Ugandan government has tried for decades to solve the problem—with limited success. Distribution of vitamin A capsules， for example， worked well in urban areas but failed to reach those most in need in rural areas. Increasing corn and wheat flour and eatable oils with vitamin A proved more effective. But those foods are not consumed in large enough amounts to make a meaningful difference. Bananas， a main staple of the Ugandan diet， seemed to be a better option.
Yet， one problem still remains. Fred Wanyu， a Ugandan tribal leader and linguist， says his ancestors considered the banana “the mother of society”. Farmers worry that a new super banana will distort （扭曲） Ugandan banana culture dramatically. Though he respects the ancestors， Wanyu also believes that if a little piece of banana is added to a sister banana， developing into something better， “I think we will live in a better world.” “That's what many Ugandans wish for as they struggle their way out of malnutrition and extreme poverty.” “Culture is dynamic，” Wanyu said. “Otherwise， we would continue writing on stones.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新型“超級香蕉”的誕生。
1.Why was the super banana created？
A.To increase the production of bananas.
B.To assist Ugandan people in fighting hunger.
C.To help the human body absorb more vitamin A.
D.To save children suffering from vitamin A shortage.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“This ‘super banana’ was ... a lack of vitamin A.”可知，這種“超級香蕉”是由烏干達國家農業研究實驗室研制出來的，目的是挽救烏干達每年因缺乏維生素A而死亡的成千上萬名兒童的生命。故選D。
2.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2？
A.To show ways of preventing vitamin A shortage.
B.To explain the leading cause of blindness in children.
C.To stress the urgency of developing the super banana.
D.To introduce some serious global public health problems.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“In Uganda ... deal with the condition.（烏干達是世界上最貧窮的國家之一，它仍然在健康風險清單上名列前茅，因此迫切需要找到應對這種情況的方法。）”可推知，該段的主要目的是強調研制超級香蕉解決維生素A缺乏問題的迫切性。故選C。
3.What is Wanyu's attitude towards the super banana？
A.Positive. B.Doubtful.
C.Indifferent. D.Disapproving.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Wanyu also believes ... and extreme poverty.’（萬宇還認為把一種香蕉通過轉基因技術嫁接到另一種香蕉上，可以得到更好的香蕉，‘我想我們會生活在一個更好的世界。’‘這也是許多烏干達人在努力擺脫營養不良和極端貧困時所希望的。’）”可推知，他對超級香蕉持積極的態度。故選A。
4.What's the best title for the text？
A.Advantages of “Super Banana”
B.Exploration of “Super Banana”
C.Wide Spread of “Super Banana”
D.Large Output of “Super Banana”
答案：B
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段中的“This ‘super banana’ was created ... a lack of vitamin A.”可知，文章主要介紹烏干達國家農業研究實驗室為了挽救每年因缺乏維生素A而死亡的成千上萬名兒童的生命，不斷努力，最終研制出“超級香蕉”。由此可知，B項（“超級香蕉”的探索）最適合作為文章標題。故選B。
B
　　Beijing is no stranger to Western food. American restaurants like McDonald's and KFC have brought more Western dishes to the local food scene in recent years. Now， two new restaurants have joined them.
In August， Taco Bell and Shake Shack opened their doors to eager customers in Beijing. Taco Bell is a popular American fast food restaurant that features Mexican food. Hard and soft shell tacos are a staple （主食） on the menu； they are generally served with beef， lettuce and tomato. And of course there are burritos—chicken， beef or beans wrapped in a tortilla （墨西哥薄餡餅）. However， there are new menu items that are special to the Beijing location， such as the Yang Berry Freeze and Avocado Oolong Tea.
Shake Shack， known for its traditional American style hamburgers and milk shakes， is also serving up dishes that won't be found in branches outside of the capital. Harry Wang， who studied in the US， visited the restaurant soon after it opened. “The last time I had Shake Shack was more than a year ago when I was in the United States，” Wang said. “They are pretty similar to what we had in the United States， but there is a milkshake special to Beijing.”
The milkshake Wang referred to is the Hutong Hawthorn. The shake mixes hawthorn， a traditional Chinese snack， into a milkshake， a common ice cream drink in Western fast food. The Beijing Shake Shack also offers roasted chestnut ice cream.
Both restaurants also reflect elements of Chinese culture in their decorations. Shake Shack's windows feature cartoons showing hutong life， and Taco Bell has a picture of a palace at the Temple of Heaven on one of its walls.
From the design to the menus， the two restaurants are “adding a touch of local flavor”， noted China News.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了進入北京餐飲市場的兩家新的美國餐廳的具體情況。
5.Why are McDonald's and KFC mentioned in the first paragraph？
A.To show the popularity of Western food in Beijing.
B.To lead up to the topic of new Western restaurants in Beijing.
C.To compare the differences between McDonald's and KFC.
D.To express the author's personal love of Western food.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段“Beijing is no stranger ... restaurants have joined them.（北京對西餐并不陌生。近年來，麥當勞和肯德基等美國餐廳將更多的西餐引入了當地的美食界。現在，兩家新餐館已經加入了它們的行列。）”可推知，本段提及麥當勞和肯德基是為了引出北京兩家新的西餐廳這一話題。故選B。
6.What can we know about Taco Bell？
A.It is a traditional Mexican restaurant.
B.It has the same menu around the world.
C.It is a popular Mexican restaurant in China.
D.It is a fast food restaurant serving Mexican food.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Taco Bell is ... that features Mexican food.”可知，Taco Bell是一家很受歡迎的美國快餐店，以墨西哥菜為特色。故選D。
7.What does the underlined word “reflect” mean in the fifth paragraph？
A.Astonish. B.Present.
C.Deny. D.Arise.
答案：B
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第五段中的“elements of Chinese culture in their decorations （中國文化元素在它們的裝飾中）”以及“Shake Shack's ... its walls.（Shake Shack餐廳的窗戶上有卡通漫畫，展示了胡同生活，Taco Bell餐廳的一面墻上有天壇的宮殿的圖片。）”可知，這兩家餐廳在裝飾上也體現了中國文化元素。由此可知，畫線詞與present （呈現）意義相近。故選B。
8.What does the article tell us about Taco Bell and Shake Shack？
A.They try to keep the original characteristics in all locations.
B.They will probably have more customers than KFC.
C.They make changes to the menu for Chinese people's tastes.
D.They like to work together with Chinese restaurants.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段“From the design ... noted China News.（《中國新聞網》指出，從設計到菜單，這兩家餐廳都‘增添了一點當地風味’。）”可推知，Taco Bell和 Shake Shack都根據中國人的口味對菜單做出了改變。故選C。
1.transform/tr?ns?f??m/v. 使改變形態；使改變外觀
2.distribution/?dIstrI?bju??n/n. 分發；分配
3.scene/si?n/n. （事件發生的）地點，現場
4.suffer from 遭受；受……之苦
5.make a difference 有影響；起作用
6.refer to 提到；談及；涉及；參考
　精深閱讀
Chinese people take their food and eat it extremely seriously. Eating is a communal， social， and human experience in China. Sharing a meal is a sign of friendship and trust. Eating plays a central role in friendship， business， medicine， family and love. In short， food is life.
When eating， the rice is separated into your own personal bowl， but the dishes are placed in communal bowls in the centre of the table and everybody helps themselves with chopsticks. It's considered polite， and a sign of respect and friendship， to encourage other people to eat plenty of the good bits， even to pick up food with your chopsticks and drop it into their rice bowls for them.
Food is an important component of weddings， funerals and almost all Chinese festivals. New Year's Day is the time for dumplings； the Dragon Boat Festival is the time for sticky rice zongzi wrapped in leaves， and the Mid－Autumn Festival is the time for mooncakes. The dinner table is the best forum to close business deals， and it's the number one thing to do with friends.
Chinese women express their admiration for the opposite sex by cooking delicious meals of many courses， and these days it's the other way round， too.
In short， if you want to get to know Chinese people， understand Chinese culture and thinking and get into Chinese life， you have to eat and appreciate Chinese food.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國食物的重要性。
1.In the first paragraph， what does the author mean by saying “food is life”？
A.Without food， there will be no life.
B.Food is as important as life.
C.We must take food seriously.
D.We must eat food every day.
答案：B
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“Eating plays ... family and love.（飲食在友誼、商業、醫學、家庭和愛中起著核心作用。）”可知，食物在各個方面起著核心作用，對于中國人來說是非常重要的，由此可推知，food is life表示食物的重要性，意為“食物和生命一樣重要”。故選B。
2.Eating plays a central role in the following aspects except 　　　　.
A.friendship B.business
C.money D.medicine
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Eating plays ... family and love.”可知，飲食在友誼、商業、醫學、家庭和愛中都起著核心作用，結合選項可知，不涉及金錢。故選C。
3.What's the representative food for the Dragon Boat Festival in China？
A.Dumplings. B.Moon cakes.
C.Noodles. D.Zongzi.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“the Dragon Boat Festival is the time for sticky rice zongzi wrapped in leaves”可知，粽子是中國端午節的代表性食物。故選D。
4.What's the best title of this passage？
A.Eating Food in China
B.How to Make Chinese Food
C.The Importance of Chinese Food
D.Different Foods for Different Chinese Festivals
答案：C
解析：標題判斷題。根據第一段中的“Chinese people take their food and eat it extremely seriously.（中國人對待食物和吃東西都非常認真。）”和最后一段“In short ... Chinese food.（簡而言之，如果你想了解中國人，了解中國文化和思想，融入中國人的生活，你必須吃和欣賞中國食物。）”可知，文章主要介紹了中國食物的重要性。故選C。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
（一）熱詞
1.seriously adv. 嚴肅地，認真地
2.funeral n. 葬禮，喪禮
3.wrap v. 包，裹
4.admiration n. 欽佩，愛慕
5.appreciate v. 欣賞，鑒賞；理解
（二）高頻短語
1.in short 簡而言之
2.be separated into 被分成……
3.pick up 拿起，拾起
4.the other way round 相反的位置、方向或順序
5.get into 理解；進入
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.His eyes showed open admiration （admire） as he looked at her.
2.The kidney plays a vital role in the removal of waste products from the blood.
3.It alarms me that nobody takes this problem seriously （serious）.
（四）寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.The gap between the two top teams is closing all the time.縮小
2.She tried calming him down but it seemed to be having the opposite effect.相反的
3.It is considered bad manners in some cultures to speak with your mouth full of food.認為
（五）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
separate， encourage, express
1．The teacher split the children into three groups.separated
2．I have voiced my objections to the plan to management.expressed
3．Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.encourage
(六)長難句分析
In short, if you want to get to know Chinese people, understand Chinese culture and thinking and get into Chinese life, you have to eat and appreciate Chinese food.
句意：簡而言之，如果你想了解中國人，了解中國文化和思想，融入中國人的生活，你必須吃和欣賞中國食物。
分析：句子主干是you__have__to__eat__and__appreciate__Chinese__food。if 引導條件狀語從句，從句中want后跟三個由and連接的動詞不定式短語作并列賓語to__get__to__know__Chinese__people,__(to)__understand__Chinese__culture__and__thinking和(to)__get__into__Chinese__life。
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．It is recognised that Chinese is playing__a__more__and__more__important__role (扮演著越來越重要的角色) in the world.
2．In__short (簡而言之), people usually can't stand bad manners.
(八)仿寫句子
Reading is of vital importance in language learning.(動名詞作主語)
仿寫：隨著我們年齡的增長，學習會變得越來越困難。
Learning__becomes__more__and__more__difficult__as__we__get__older.
14(共148張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 3　FOOD AND CULTURE 單元主題：人與自然/人與社會——飲食與文化
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
預習檢測 單詞打卡
自主學習 課文語篇
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業（一）
5
課后課時作業（二）
6
預習檢測 單詞打卡
一 、閱讀單詞及詞塊：寫出漢語含義
1.pepper n. _____________________
2.peppercorn n. _________
3.vinegar n. ____
4.onion n. ____________
5.lamb n. ______________
6.lamb kebab ___________
7.dim sum n. _______________
甜椒；燈籠椒；胡椒粉
胡椒粒
醋
洋蔥；蔥頭
羊羔肉；羔羊
烤羊肉串
點心(中國食品)
8.vegetarian n. ________
9.junk food (＝junk) ___________
10.garlic n. ____
11.bacon n. ______________
12.ham n. ______
13.sausage n. ___________
14.cabbage n. ______________________
15.bean curd n. (＝tofu) _______
素食者
垃圾食品
蒜
熏豬肉；咸肉
火腿
香腸；臘腸
甘藍；卷心菜；洋白菜
豆腐
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1._______ n. 菜肴；風味；烹飪
2._______ vi. 由……組成(或構成)
3._______ n. 烹飪法；食譜
4.______ n. 廚師；主廚
5.______ n. (切下的食物)薄片　vt. 把……切成薄片
6.__________ n. 最小值；最少量　adj. 最低(限度)的；最小的
7._________ vt. 吃；喝；飲；消耗
8._______ n. 脾氣；火氣
9._____ n. 無用的東西
cuisine
consist
recipe
chef
slice
minimum
consume
temper
junk
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換(可查字典)
1.priority n. 優先；優先權；優先考慮的事→_______ adj. 先前的；優先的
2.boldness n. 大膽；冒失；顯著→_______ adj. 大膽自信的；敢于冒險的
3.elegance n. 優雅，雅致；簡練→_______ adj. 精美的；講究的；文雅的→_________ adv. 優美地
4.exception n. 例外，除外→___________ adj. 特別的；罕見的
prior
bold
elegant
elegantly
exceptional
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
stuff [熟義] n. ______________
[生義] v. 填滿；把……塞進，填進　n. (泛指)說(或做)的事
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1.________ 在……之前的
2.__________ 由……組成(或構成)
3.__________ 切下
東西，物品
prior to
consist of
slice ... off
自主學習　課文語篇
The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat Savarin1 once wrote， “Tell me2 what you eat3，
課文三維剖析
1　是The French author的_______
2　Tell的_______賓語
3_____從句，充當Tell的______賓語
同位語
CULTURE AND CUISINE
文化與美食
間接
賓語
直接
and4 I will tell you what you are.” Put more simply， this means “You are what you eat5.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating. However， Brillat Savarin was actually referring to our personality， character， and culture.
4　整句直接引語是and連接的并列句
5_______從句；what you eat是_______從句
賓語
表語
法國作家讓·安泰爾姆·布里亞 薩瓦蘭曾寫道：“告訴我你平時吃什么，我就可以說出你是個什么樣的人。”簡單地說，這句話就是“人如其食”的意思。如今，大多數人把這條諺語與健康飲食聯系起來。然而，布里亞 薩瓦蘭實際上指的是我們的個性、品格及文化。
6　作______；seems是________
7　狀語
8　介詞短語作experience的__________
9　狀語
10　引導_____從句，修飾food
11　不定式短語作_____狀語
12　引導______________從句
Certainly， in many ways this seems to be true6. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China7， my only experience with Chinese cooking8 was in America， with Chinese food9 that10 had been changed to suit American tastes11. For example， America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken， which12
表語
系動詞
后置定語
定語
目的
非限制性定語
13　兩個過去分詞短語(covered ... 和flavoured ...) 作chicken的_________
14　does/do/did用于動詞原形前，起_______謂語動詞的作用
15　插入語
16　引導_______從句
17　引導__________從句
18　tells的______賓語
19______從句，充當tells的______賓語
consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce， flavoured with hot red peppers13. This is probably not an authentic Chinese recipe， however， so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand， it does14 tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us， for example15， that16 Americans love bold， simple flavours. And， since17 the dish was also invented recently， it tells us18that Americans are not afraid to try new foods19.
后置定語
強調
賓語
原因狀語
間接
賓語
直接
當然，從很多方面來看，此話不假。中國菜就是個很好的例子。來中國之前，我只在美國接觸過中式烹飪，那里的中國食物已被改變，以適應美國人的口味。例如，在美國最受歡迎的中國菜是“左宗棠雞”，它在油炸的雞肉上淋上甜醬，再佐以煸炒過的紅辣椒制成。然而，這或許并不是地道的中餐做法，因此并不能讓我們對中國人了解多少。不過在另一方面，它確實讓我們對美國人了解很多。例如，這道菜說明美國人喜愛濃烈、簡單的口味。此外，由于這道菜也是新發明，說明美國人不懼怕嘗試新的菜品。
20　不定式短語作chance的________
21　介詞短語作_________
22　引導_________從句
23　不定式作place的__________
24　整句是由and連接的并列句
25　形容詞和現在分詞短語，
作__________
26　疑問詞＋不定式，作idea的
_______
27　整句是由so連接的_______
Later， I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food20 by coming to China21. When22 my family and I had just arrived in China， we went looking for a good place to eat23 in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend， and24 finally， we found it. Tired， hungry， and not knowing a word of Chinese25， we had no idea how to order26， so27 the chef just began filling our table
后置定語
方式狀語
時間狀語
后置定語
原因狀語
同位語
并列句
28　省略了引導詞that的_______從句，修飾______
29　介詞短語作__________
30　介詞短語作pleasure的__________
31　作taste的_______
32　整句是由but連接的并列句
33______從句
34　過去分詞短語作_________，修飾friendship
with the best food we had ever eaten28. With this29， we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste30： Sichuan peppercorns31. The food was wonderful and different， but32 what was even more important33 was the friendship offered us34.
定語
food
方式狀語
后置定語
同位語
主語
后置定語
后來，我來到中國，有機會品嘗地道的中國食物。我與家人剛剛抵達中國，便在北京找一個好地方吃飯。一位朋友之前向我們推薦過一家川菜館，最終我們找到了這家餐館。又累又餓，一個漢字也不認識，我們壓根兒不知道如何點餐，于是廚師在我們桌上擺滿了食物，那是我們吃過的最可口的佳肴。于是，我們高高興興地體驗了一種全新的口味：四川花椒。食物妙不可言、與眾不同，但更為重要的是我們所獲得的友誼。
35　過去分詞作dumplings的__________
36　過去分詞短語作dumplings的__________
37　引導_______從句
38　介詞短語作dish的__________
39　引導______________從句，解釋說明____________
40　動名詞短語作____語
We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled35 dumplings served with vinegar36. I observed that37 family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China38， where39 making dumplings40 has always been a family affair
前置定語
后置定語
賓語
后置定語
非限制性定語
North China
主
41　with復合結構(with＋everyone＋joining ...)是_______的后置定語；from the youngest to the oldest是__________的后置定語
42　引導______從句
43　過去分詞短語作rolls的_________
with everyone—from the youngest to the oldest—joining in to help41. Later， I learnt that42 the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions43.
affair
everyone
賓語
后置定語
不久，我們到了位于華北東部的山東省。在那里我最喜愛的食物是蘸著醋吃的水餃。我發現那里的人都很重視家庭。水餃已成為華北人民最喜愛的一種傳統食物；包餃子一直是一項全員參與的家庭活動，無論老少都會加入進來幫忙。后來，我了解到，最有名的山東食物是煎餅卷大蔥。
44_______從句
45　作boiled or roasted meat的________
Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result， their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire44—usually boiled or roasted meat， such as lamb kebab45.
表語
同位語
隨后，我們又到了新疆北部。我們的一些朋友是哈薩克族人和內蒙古人。傳統上，他們騎著馬在廣闊的草原上漫步。因此，他們的傳統食物在篝火上烹制而成，通常是水煮肉或烤肉，例如羊肉串。
46　from ... to ... 介詞短語，作local dishes的_______
47______ 狀語
Our travels then took us to South China， and then on to central China. In each place we went， we experienced wonderful local dishes， from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan46. Everywhere， the food was as varied as the people. However， one thing is always true： Through food47， Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness.
同位語
方式
接著，我們前往華南，之后又去了華中。我們每到一處，都會品嘗當地美食，有廣東的精致點心——那是放在竹蒸籠里蒸出來的小份食品——還有河南獨特的燴面。所到之處的美食與當地人一樣精彩紛呈。然而，有一件事始終不變：每個地方的中國人都通過食物展現友情與善意。
48　省略了引導詞that/which的定語從句，修飾_______
49　tell sb sth，sb(us)是間接賓語
50　and連接三個what引導的_______從句，作_______賓語
51_______語
52　引導_______從句
53_______從句，修飾those
At a minimum， the kinds of food local people consume48 tell us49 what they grow in their region， what kinds of lives they lead， and50 what they like and do not like. Could we also say， for example51， that52 those who like bold flavours53 are bold themselves？
food
賓語
直接
插入
賓語
定語
54　連接兩個由that 引導的______從句
55_______從句
56_______語
57_______從句
58　and連接兩個并列句
59　引導__________從句
Or54， that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper？ Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say55， however56， is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand57， and58 if59 you do not experience one， you can never really know the other.
賓語
主語
插入
表語
條件狀語
當地人的食物種類至少能讓我們知道該地區種植什么作物、人們過著怎樣的生活以及他們的愛憎。例如，我們是否也能這樣推斷，喜歡重口味的人性格粗獷？抑或喜歡辛辣食物的人往往脾氣火暴？也許是的，也許又不是。但是，我們可以確定的是，文化和美食這兩者息息相關，如果你沒有體驗過其中的一個，你就永遠無法真正了解另一個。
(一)段落主旨連線
閱讀領悟
(二)“例如”的同義表達
for example 句首、句中、句末；通常列舉一個人或東西
for instance ＝for example，但更高級；通常列舉一個事件
such as 列舉多個
like ＝such as
namely 列舉全部
1.For example， air is invisible.
例如，空氣是看不見的。
2.He， for example， is a good student.
例如，他就是個好學生。
3.What would you do if you met a wild animal—a lion， for example？
如果遇上野獸，例如獅子，你該怎么辦？
4.You cannot rely on her. For instance， she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.
她這人靠不住，例如，昨天一個重要會議，她竟遲到了一個小時。
5.Some of the European languages come from Latin， such as/like French， Italian and Spanish.
有些歐洲語言來源于拉丁語，例如，法語、意大利語和西班牙語。
6.He knows four languages， namely Chinese， English， Russian and French.
他精通四門語言，即漢語、英語、俄語和法語。
(三)介詞短語作插入語
in fact， in one's opinion， in general， in a word， in other words， in a few words， of course， by the way， as a result， for example， on the contrary， on the other hand， to one's surprise， in short， as a matter of fact， in conclusion， in brief等
1.你不能再等了，換言之，你得立即出發。
You can't wait anymore—______________， you should start at once.
2.相反，我們應該加強和他們的合作。
______________， we should strengthen our cooperation with them.
in other words
On the contrary
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
1.consist vi. 由……組成(或構成)；在于，存在于(教材P26)
consistent adj. 一致的；始終如一的
consistency n. 一致性；連貫性
consist of (無被動語態，不用于進行時)＝be made up of＝be composed of 由……組成(或構成)
consist in 存在于；在于；(以……)為主要組成部分
consist with 與……一致
be consistent with ... 與……一致
①Becker was never the most consistent of players anyway.
不管怎么說，貝克爾從來就不是一個很穩定的球員。
②The buffet consisted of several different Indian dishes.
自助餐由一些不同的印度菜組成。
③True education does not consist in simply being taught facts.
真正的教育并不在于簡單地講授事實。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①It's important to show some ___________ (consist) in your work.
②Her work is sometimes good， but the problem is she's not __________ (consist).
【學會表達】翻譯
③對她來說，幸福就是看電視和讀雜志。
____________________________________________________________________
④這道菜準備起來很簡單，主要由米和蔬菜組成。
____________________________________________________________________
consistency
consistent
For her, happiness consists in watching television and reading magazines.
It's a simple dish to prepare, consisting mainly of rice and vegetables.
2.slice n. (切下的食物)薄片　vt. 把……切成薄片(教材P26)
sliced adj. (食物)已切成薄片的
a slice of 一片……
slice ... off 切下；割下
slice (sth) into ... (把某物)切成……
sliced noodles/ham/bread 刀削面/火腿片/面包片
①Typical hot pot dishes include thinly sliced meat， leafy vegetables， mushrooms， wontons， egg dumplings， tofu， and seafood.
典型的火鍋菜肴包括薄切肉片、葉菜、蘑菇、餛飩、蛋餃、豆腐和海鮮。
②To keep slim， she only had a slice of bread for her breakfast.
為了保持身材苗條，她早餐只吃一片面包。
③Just slice enough meat off， and put the rest back.
切下來足夠的肉，把剩下的放回去。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I usually buy _______ (slice) bread—it's less bother.
②It demands great skill to slice the meat _______ such thin slices.
【學會表達】翻譯
③早餐我吃了一片厚厚的黃油面包。
____________________________________________________________________
sliced
into
For breakfast I had a thick slice of bread and butter.
3.minimum n. 最小值；最少量　adj. 最低(限度)的；最小的(教材P27)
a minimum of 最少(的)；至少
at a minimum 處于最小限度；至少
at the minimum of cost 以最低的成本/代價
keep ... to a minimum 把……保持在最低限度
①The class needs a minimum of six students to continue.
這個班最少需要六名學生才可以繼續辦下去。
②At a minimum， you should spend two hours in the evening studying in order to catch up with your classmates.
為了趕上同學，你晚上至少應該花兩個小時學習。
③I intended to keep digital devices in my life to a minimum.
我打算將電子設備在我生活中的比例保持在最低水平。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Try to keep any conflict between you and your partner ____ a minimum.
②____ a minimum， the space should not be dull and depressing.
【學會表達】翻譯
③We need a minimum of ten people to play this game.
_________________________________________________________________
④He knew that he had not managed to get the minimum score required for a school athlete to remain in the school team.
_________________________________________________________________
to
At
我們至少需要十個人來玩這個游戲。
他知道自己沒有達到校運動員留在校隊所需的最低分數。
4.consume vt. 吃；喝；飲；消耗；使充滿(教材P27 )
consumption n. 消費，消耗；食用
consumer n. 消費者，顧客
consume sb (with sth) 使某人充滿(強烈的感情)
consume away 毀滅；毀掉
energy/power/water/fuel consumption 能量損耗/能量功耗/耗水量/耗油量
consumer demand/choice/rights 消費者的需求/選擇/權利
①She consumed a whole pizza in a matter of minutes.
她在幾分鐘內就吃掉了一整個比薩餅。
②Calorie consumption is linked to the amount of snacks one eats.
卡路里的消耗與零食的攝入量有關。
③I didn't even stop to think for a second about what I had said， because I was consumed with anger.
我甚至沒有停下來一秒鐘想想我說的話，因為我被憤怒吞噬了。
【小小語義場】消費類的相關表達
expenditure 支出；消費
expense 費用
spend on ... 在……方面花費
shopping mall 大型購物中心
over consumption 過度消費
go to the expense of 花費大量金錢
online shopping 網上購物
shopping addiction 購物成癮；購物狂
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①The food was not fit for human ____________ (consume).
【學會表達】完成句子
②我滿懷愧疚，鼓起勇氣，向他道歉，并保證這種事再也不會發生了。
___________________， I gathered my courage， apologized and promised that it would never happen again.
③在不需要時把燈開著會導致不必要的能源消耗。
Leaving the lights on when not necessary ______________________________
____________.
consumption
Consumed with guilt
contributes to unnecessary energy consumption
1.priority n. 優先；優先權；優先考慮的事→prior adj. 先前的；優先的
According to the prior traffic laws， buses have priority at this junction.
根據先前的交通法，公共汽車在這個路口有優先權。
2.elegance n. 優雅，雅致；簡練→elegant adj. 精美的；講究的；文雅的→elegantly adv. 優美地
Her elegance sets her apart from other journalists and I was extremely inspired by her elegant words.
她的文雅使她與其他記者區別開來，而且她優雅的語言給了我極大的啟發。
3.exception n. 例外，除外→exceptional adj. 特別的；罕見的
At the age of five he showed exceptional talent in art， with the exception of music.
他五歲時除了音樂，在藝術上也表現出非凡的天賦。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①She will be unable to attend because of a ______ (priority) engagement.
②Jimmy and his partner drifted _________ (elegance) around the room.
③The young surgeon showed ___________ (exception) competence.
prior
elegantly
exceptional
【學會表達】完成句子
④該建筑物在外觀上是一項建筑杰作，精美雅致。
The exterior of the building was a masterpiece of architecture，_________________.
elegant and graceful
stuff
[熟義] n. 東西，物品
[生義] v. _______________________ n. ___________________
填滿；把……塞進，填進
(泛指)說(或做)的事
①The fridge is stuffed to bursting.
冰箱滿得都快撐破了。
②I've got loads of stuff to do today.
我今天有好多事要做。
【學會運用】同義詞替換
①Every room must have been stuffed with material things. _______
【學會表達】翻譯
②All that stuff she has been saying about you is just not true.
_________________________________________________________________
③我們得帶上所有野營需要的東西。
_________________________________________________________________
filled
她說的關于你的那些話都不是真的。
We'll have to carry all our camping stuff.
探究二　長難句分析
Tired， hungry， and not knowing a word of Chinese， we had no idea how to order， so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.(教材P26)
又累又餓，一個漢字也不認識，我們壓根兒不知道如何點餐，于是廚師在我們桌上擺滿了食物，那是我們吃過的最可口的佳肴。
【分析】　整句是so連接的并列句。前一分句的主干為we had no idea，后一分句的主干為the chef began filling our table。tired，hungry 是形容詞作狀語，not knowing ... 是現在分詞短語作狀語；how to order是“疑問詞＋不定式”結構作idea的同位語；we had ever eaten是省略了that的定語從句。
形容詞(短語)可以作狀語，表示方式、伴隨、原因、時間、條件、讓步、結果、狀態等。
作原因狀語，通常位于句首
作伴隨狀語，可以置于句首，也可以置于句末
作結果狀語，一般位于句末
作讓步狀語，常由一個形容詞(短語)或由or連接的兩個及兩個以上的并列形容詞(短語)構成。常位于句首，也可位于句中
作時間狀語，通常位于句首
①We stayed up late， anxious to wait for him to come back.
我們熬夜到很晚，焦急地等著他回來。
②Confident of passing the exam， he turned off the light and went to sleep.
他有信心通過考試，于是關燈睡覺了。
③Exhausted， he flopped down into a chair.
他筋疲力盡，一屁股坐到椅子上。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①___________ (familiar) with the new rules， they missed out on a team medal and finished fourth.
②She is smiling， _________ (cheer) and full of energy today.
【學會表達】完成句子
③既沮喪又無助，埃里克獨自站在那里，不知道下一步該做什么。
____________________， Eric stood there alone， not knowing what to do next.
Unfamiliar
cheerful
Depressed and helpless
對點練習 鞏固所學
維度一　高頻詞匯
(一)寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1.__________ n. 最小值；最少量　adj. 最低(限度)的；最小的
2.______n. (切下的食物)薄片　vt. 把……切成薄片
3.______ n. 無用的東西
4.______ vt. 填滿；把……塞進　n. 東西；物品
5._______ n. 脾氣；火氣
minimum
slice
junk
stuff
temper
6._______ vi. 由……組成(或構成)
7._______ n. 烹飪法；食譜
8._________ 由……組成(或構成)
9.__________ 切下
10.________ 在……之前的
consist
recipe
consist of
slice ... off
prior to
(二)寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1.The wine made him bold enough to approach them.____________
2.Dim sum is an important part in tea house， by which its making and variety can fully reveal the quality of the tea house._______________
3.It held two thick pieces of bread with a slice of something laid between them.______
4.What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet？______
5.The work was done with the minimum amount of effort.________
大膽自信的
點心(中國食品)
薄片
東西
最小的
維度二　語境運用
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.Success consists ____ the ability to continue efforts throughout failures.
2.Be very careful with _____ stuff； it can be dangerous if it isn't handled properly.
3.It was her natural _________ (elegant) that struck me.
4.When the oil is hot， add the _______ (slice) onion.
5.Costs should be kept ____ a minimum.
in
the
elegance
sliced
to
(四)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
stuff， bold， cuisine， prior， consume
1.Never go to a speech without some previous work on it._______
2.Before he died he had drank a large quantity of alcohol.__________
3.I wasn't brave enough to tell her what I thought of her._______
4.The restaurant's dish is of a distinctive style and very popular among local residents.________
5.The band did some great things on their first album._______
prior
consumed
bold
cuisine
stuff
維度三　能力提升
(五)長難句分析
Joe struggled to handle his school work day and night， but what made him upset was that it did not work—until one stormy afternoon.
分析：整句是but連接的并列句。前一分句主干是_________________________________，是“主謂賓”結構，to handle his school work為不定式短語作賓語。后一分句主干是A was B，A＝what ... upset 是_______從句；B＝that it did ... afternoon是_______從句。
Joe struggled to handle his school work
主語
表語
(六)句型轉換
1.They were excited and moved. They were in tears.(形容詞作狀語)
→__________________________________________________________________
2.She fails to get on well with her classmates at school. That is her biggest problem. (表語從句)
→__________________________________________________________________
Excited and moved, they were in tears.
Her biggest problem is that she fails to get on well with her classmates at school.
維度四　素養提升
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.___________________ (在事故發生前)， the car was traveling at a high speed.
2.The government ______________________ (由三個部門組成)： the legislative，the executive，and the judicial.
3.He _____________________ (切下一小塊) the apple and ate it.
Prior to the accident
consists of three branches
sliced a small piece off
(八)翻譯
1.這部電影比我預期的更令人興奮。(even＋比較級)
____________________________________________________________________
2.我們需要同時促進經濟增長和環境保護。(hand in hand)
____________________________________________________________________
The movie was even more exciting than I had anticipated.
We need to promote economic growth and environmental protection hand in hand.
課后課時作業（一）
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
Alicia never thought her mother， Jiamin would operate a big business. Jiamin worked her whole life as a housewife and had never 　1　 a business before， but she wanted to do something 　2　. As the owner of the Oakland Fortune Factory， Jiamin delights in 　3　 how much people enjoy the unique flavors and designs of their cookies.
Jiamin moved with her family from Guangdong， China， to Oakland in 1999. She 　4　 Alicia in Chinatown， not far from the bakery， which they did not yet own. When the bakery was on the edge of shutting down in 2016， Jiamin decided to 　5　 it.
Running the bakery posed a number of 　6　. Much of the equipment had to be 　7　 and the facility needed improvement. Besides， Jiamin had no 　8　 of operating a business and couldn't speak English 　9　. Working by herself， she kept calling her daughter day after day， asking her for help. With their intense efforts， the bakery 　10　. After Alicia graduated from college， she moved back to 　11　 her mom.
Today， the business is boosting and the fortune cookies are becoming culture carriers. For example， some cookies feature traditional Chinese culture， 　12　 how amazing the Chinese nation is. To 　13　 the Year of the Tiger—Jiamin's birth year animal—the bakery made some of its cookies with the Chinese character for tiger.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Alicia (艾麗西婭)的媽媽賈敏以前從未做過生意，她接手了一個要倒閉的面包店，她不僅使面包店起死回生，還通過餅干傳播了中國傳統文化。
“The tiger represents 　14　 and strength，” Alicia explained. “It really reminds me of my mom because she's a 　15　 and fearless woman who is protective of her family.”
1.A.run B.sponsored
C.joined D.won
解析：句意：賈敏做了一輩子的家庭主婦，以前從未做過生意，但她想做些不同的事情。run 經營；sponsor 贊助；主辦；join 參加；加入；win 獲得；贏得。根據后文“a business”可推知，此處指經營生意。故選A。
2.A.smart B.magic
C.different D.popular
解析：smart 聰明的；magic 神奇的；different 不同的；popular 流行的；受歡迎的。根據前文可知，賈敏之前是家庭主婦；根據后文“As the owner of the Oakland Fortune Factory”可知，賈敏成了一個生意人，此處表示她想做一些和以前不同的事情。故選C。
3.A.imagining B.seeing
C.assessing D.proving
解析：imagine 想象；see 看見；assess 評價；估計；prove 證實；證明。根據后文“how much people enjoy the unique flavors and designs of their cookies”可推知，人們喜歡自己的餅干是賈敏作為老板樂于見到的事情。故選B。
4.A.abandoned B.visited
C.raised D.trained
解析：abandon 拋棄；遺棄；visit 參觀；拜訪；raise 撫養；train 培訓；訓練。主語“She”指代媽媽賈敏，賓語“Alicia”是其女兒，此處指媽媽養育女兒長大。故選C。
5.A.buy B.fund
C.expand D.leave
解析：buy 買；fund 資助；為……提供資金；expand 擴大；增加；leave 離開。根據后文“Running the bakery posed a number of 　6　.”可推知，賈敏決定買下即將倒閉的面包店。故選A。
6.A.puzzles B.conflicts
C.challenges D.threats
解析：puzzle 謎；疑問；conflict 矛盾；challenge 挑戰；threat 威脅。根據后文“Much of the equipment ... speak English 　9　.”可知，接管這個要倒閉的面包店，賈敏需要面對很多挑戰。故選C。
7.A.ordered B.transported
C.invented D.repaired
解析：order 命令；訂購；transport 運輸；invent 發明；repair 修理。根據后文“and the facility needed improvement”可知，店里的很多設施需要改進，由此可推知，很多設備也需要修理了。故選D。
8.A.experience B.qualification
C.energy D.licence
解析：experience 經驗；qualification 資格；學歷；energy 能量；精力；licence 許可證；執照。根據前文“Jiamin worked her whole life ... a business before”可知，賈敏一直是家庭主婦，沒有經商的經驗。故選A。
9.A.loudly B.efficiently
C.bravely D.fluently
解析：loudly 大聲地；響亮地；efficiently 有效率地；高效地；bravely 勇敢地；fluently 流利地。根據前文“couldn't speak English”可知，此處指賈敏不能流利地說英語。故選D。
10.A.broke up B.faded away
C.pulled through D.took over
解析：break up 分手；解散；fade away 褪色；消逝；pull through 渡過難關；take over 接管；接收。根據前文“With their intense efforts”可知，她們付出了很多努力，此處表示在她們的努力下，面包店渡過了難關。故選C。
11.A.replace B.comfort
C.reward D.help
解析：replace 替代；取代；comfort 安慰；reward 獎勵；獎賞；help 幫助。根據前文“she kept calling her daughter day after day， asking her for help”可知，賈敏讓Alicia幫忙，因此，Alicia大學畢業后，自然會回到面包店幫忙。故選D。
12.A.showing B.witnessing
C.predicting D.testing
解析：show 展示；witness 見證；目擊；predict 預言；預測；test 測試。設空后“how amazing the Chinese nation is”是前文“traditional Chinese culture”的具體所指，即餅干上所展示的中國文化。故選A。
13.A.describe B.admire
C.advertise D.honor
解析：describe 描述；admire 羨慕；欣賞；advertise 做廣告；登廣告；honor 紀念；尊敬。根據后文“the bakery made some of its cookies with the Chinese character for tiger”可知，為了紀念中國虎年，面包店制作了一些虎年主題餅干。故選D。
14.A.justice B.courage
C.intelligence D.health
解析：justice 公平；正義；courage 勇氣；intelligence 聰明；智力；health 健康。此處與后文的“fearless (無畏的)”相呼應，表示“勇氣”。故選B。
15.A.generous B.learned
C.determined D.curious
解析：generous 慷慨的；大方的；learned 博學的；determined 有決心的；curious 好奇的。根據前文“Today， the business ... are becoming culture carriers.”可知，賈敏在面包店要倒閉時將其接手，并克服困難(如設備老舊、語言障礙)，由此可知，她具備堅定的決心。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
Ahh ... Fish， chips and mushy peas！ There is nothing more British than fish and chips. Freshly cooked， boiling hot fish and chips， topped with salt and seasoned with vinegar， packed in newspaper and eaten outdoors on a cold and wintry day—it simply cannot be beaten！
　1　 Both Lancashire and London claim to be the first to invent this famous meal. Chips were a cheap， basic food of the industrial north while fried fish was introduced in London's East End. 　2　 So was born our national dish of fish and chips！
　3　 Mr Lees sold fish and chips from a wooden shelter in the market. Later he moved the business to a permanent shop across the road. However， in London， it is said that Joseph Malin， a Jewish immigrant， opened a fish and chip shop in Cleveland Way within the sound of Bow Bells in the 1860s.
Fish and chip shops were originally small family businesses， often run from the front room of the house and were commonplace by the late 19th century. Through the latter part of the 19th century and well into the 20th century， the fish and chip trade expanded greatly to satisfy the needs of the growing industrial population of Great Britain. Fish and chips became vital to the diet of the ordinary people. __4__　
In 1999， the British consumed nearly 300 million servings of fish and chips. That equates to six servings for every man， woman and child in the country. 　5　 That's eight for every one Burger King restaurant， making British Fish and Chips the nation's favourite take away.
A.It quickly became a favourite of the workers.
B.People soon decided to put fried fish and chips together.
C.John Lees owned a restaurant and sold the famous pairing.
D.So how， when and where did this British dish come about？
E.There are now around 8，500 fish and chip shops across the UK.
F.Some shops had to employ doormen to control the queue at busy times.
G.The first fish and chip shop in Lancashire is thought to have opened in 1863.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了英式美食炸魚和炸薯條的發展歷程。
1．答案：D
解析：根據下文“Both Lancashire and London ... this famous meal.(蘭開夏郡和倫敦都聲稱自己是這一著名美食的首創者。)”以及下文的介紹可知，本段講述英式美食炸魚和炸薯條的發展歷程，D項(那么，這道英國菜是如何、何時、從何地產生的呢？)符合語境。故選D。
2．答案：B
解析：根據上文“Chips were a cheap ... London's East End.(薯條是北方工業地區的一種廉價的基本食物，而炸魚則是在倫敦東區被引進的。)”和下文“So was born ... fish and chips！(我們的國菜炸魚薯條就這樣誕生了！)”可知，人們把炸魚和炸薯條放在一起食用，便有了炸魚薯條的誕生。B項(人們很快就決定把炸魚和薯條放在一起吃。)承上啟下。故選B。
3．答案：G
解析：根據下文內容可知，本段主要討論的是第一家炸魚和薯條店，G項(蘭開夏郡的第一家炸魚薯條店據說于1863年開業。)符合語境，G項具體回應了上文“蘭開夏郡和倫敦爭奪發明權”的爭議，并與下文倫敦案例形成對比，體現地域競爭。故選G。
4．答案：F
解析：根據上文“Through the latter part ... ordinary people.”可知，本段主要講述炸魚和薯條成為重要的飲食，被大眾所接受，F項(有些店在繁忙時不得不雇用門衛來控制隊列。)承接上文。故選F。
5．答案：E
解析：根據上文“In 1999 ... fish and chips.”可知，英國人很喜歡吃炸魚薯條，由此可推知，在英國有很多的炸魚薯條店，E項(現在在英國大約有8，500家炸魚薯條店。)符合語境。故選E。
Ⅲ　語法填空
Throughout history， many species of animals have been threatened with 　1　 (extinct). When Europeans first arrived in North America， more than 60 million buffalo (水牛) lived on the continent. Yet hunting the buffalo was so popular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal's population 　2　 (fall) to about 400 before the government took action 　3　 (preserve) the species. In some countries today， the elephant faces a similar challenge， as illegal hunters kill the animals 　4　 the ivory (象牙) in their tusks.
　5　， not all animals with commercial value face this threat. The cow， for example， is a 　6　 (value) source of food， but no one worries that the cow will soon be extinct. Why does the commercial value of ivory threaten the elephant， while the commercial value of beef 　7　 (protect) the cow？
The reason is that elephants are a common resource， while cows are private goods. Elephants wander 　8　 (free) without any owners. The hunter has a strong motivation to kill as many elephants as he can find. Because hunters are numerous， each has only a slight motivation to care for the elephant population. By contrast， cattle live on farms
　9　 are privately owned. Each farmer makes great efforts to maintain the cattle population on his own farm because he harvests 　10　 benefit of these efforts.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。縱觀歷史，許多動物物種都面臨著滅絕的威脅。本文解釋了為什么象牙的商業價值威脅到大象，而牛肉的商業價值卻保護了奶牛。
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
1．答案：extinction
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處應用名詞作介詞with的賓語，表示抽象概念，為不可數名詞。故填extinction。
2．答案：had fallen
解析：考查動詞的時態。句意：然而，在19世紀，狩獵野牛是如此流行，以至于到1900年，在政府采取措施保護該物種之前，野牛的數量已經下降到大約400頭。設空處在句中作謂語，根據時間狀語“by 1900”可知，設空處應用過去完成時。故填had fallen。
3．答案： to preserve
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處應用非謂語動詞，在句中作目的狀語，應用動詞不定式，表示政府采取行動的目的是保護物種。故填to preserve。
4．答案： for
解析：考查介詞。句意：如今，在一些國家，大象面臨著類似的挑戰，因為非法獵人為了獲取象牙而捕殺大象。根據句意可知，設空處應用介詞，表示“為了”。故填for。
5．答案： However
解析：考查副詞。句意：然而，并非所有具有商業價值的動物都面臨著這種威脅。根據上文“In some countries today ... ivory (象牙) in their tusks.”及下文“not all animals ... face this threat”可知，設空處表示轉折，且前面有逗號隔開，應用however。位于句首，單詞首字母應大寫。故填However。
6．答案： valuable
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處應用形容詞作定語，修飾名詞source。故填valuable。
7．答案： protects
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。句意：為什么象牙的商業價值威脅到大象，而牛肉的商業價值卻保護了奶牛？敘述客觀事實，應用一般現在時；設空處在句中作謂語，主語為the commercial value，謂語應用單數。故填protects。
8．答案： freely
解析：考查詞性轉換。設空處作狀語，應用副詞修飾動詞wander。故填freely。
9．答案： that/which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。句意：相比之下，牛生活在私人擁有的農場。設空處引導定語從句，且在句中作主語，先行詞為farms，指物。故填that/which。
10．答案： the
解析：考查冠詞。句意：每個農民都努力維持自己農場的牛的數量，因為他從這些努力中獲得好處。根據benefit的后置定語“of these efforts”可知，此處特指這些努力的好處。故填the。
Britons are well known for the amount of tea that they drink. The average person in the UK consumes around 1.9 kg of tea yearly. That's around 876 cups of tea. Tea is drunk by all sections of society. But tea is not native to Britain. Most tea is grown in India and China. So， how did it become an important part of British culture？
Tea arrived in London in the 1600s. At this time， British ships were exploring the world and came across the drink in China. It was not long before green tea was available to buy. However， this was only available to the richer sections of society.
精深閱讀
At the beginning of the 1700s， the amount of tea arriving in Britain increased gradually. Black tea arrived at this time. At first people drank this tea exactly as it was in China. They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar， giving the drink a special British characteristic.
In the 1800s tea was still a product enjoyed only by people with money. At this time they began to have “afternoon tea”. This involves drinking tea with a snack around 4 pm to avoid feeling hungry between lunch and dinner. It is a tradition that is still going today but has become less popular in recent times.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了茶在英國文化中的發展歷史。
In the late 1800s， the price of tea decreased sharply as more tea began to arrive on ships from India and China. It was no longer a drink just for rich people. Tearooms—shops where you could buy and drink tea—started to appear across the country. People enjoyed drinking tea and socialising in these places. At the start of the 20th century， Britons began to make tea in their homes whenever they felt like it. Kettles became necessary in every kitchen.
1.How does the passage mainly develop？
A.By providing examples.
B.By making comparisons.
C.By following the order of time.
D.By following the order of importance.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Tea arrived in London in the 1600s.”，第三段中的“At the beginning ... increased gradually.”，倒數第二段中的“In the 1800s ... with money.”和最后一段中的“In the late 1800s ... India and China.”以及“At the start of the 20th century ... they felt like it.”可推知，文章主要是按照時間順序展開的。故選C。
2.What can we learn about British tea culture from Paragraph 1 and 2？
A.Tea reached Britain from China centuries ago.
B.Britons are famous for planting tea.
C.Green tea was popular in China.
D.Most tea is grown in Britain.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Tea arrived in London ... the drink in China.(17世紀，茶來到倫敦。當時，英國船只正在探索世界，并在中國發現了這種飲品。)”可知，幾個世紀前，茶葉從中國傳入英國。故選A。
3.When was tea no longer a drink just for rich people in the UK？
A.In the early 1700s.
B.In the early 1800s.
C.In the late 1800s.
D.In the late 20th century.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“In the late 1800s， the price of tea ... a drink just for rich people.”可知，在19世紀后期茶葉的價格急劇下降，茶不再是英國富人的專屬飲品。故選C。
4.What is the author's purpose of writing this article？
A.To describe how to drink tea.
B.To explain why people love tea.
C.To compare black tea with green tea.
D.To introduce the history of British tea culture.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“Most tea ... British culture？”，第二段中的“Tea arrived in London in the 1600s.”，第三段中的“At the beginning ... increased gradually.”和最后一段中的“At the start ... in every kitchen.”可推知，作者主要是為了介紹茶在英國文化中的發展歷史。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1.________ adj. 平均的；普通的，平常的
2.section n. __________
3.available adj. _________________
4. _____________ n. 特征，特點，特色　adj. 獨特的，特有的
5. _______ adv. 急劇地，突然大幅度地
average
階層；界
可用的，可獲得的
characteristic
sharply
(二)高頻短語
1.___________ 原產于……；源于……的
2. ___________ 偶然遇見
3. _____________ ……的數量，……的數額
4.mix ... with ... ________________________
5. ______________ 避免做某事
be native to
come across
the amount of
把……與……混合在一起
avoid doing sth
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.It was not long _______ I tracked down the lost watch.
2.It is well _______ (know) that bamboo shoots are a panda's staple diet.
3.The building looks _______ (exact) as it did when it was built in 1877.
before
known
exactly
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.Smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease. _______
2.There's a tradition in our family that we have a party on New Year's Eve. _______
3.This species of bird is decreasing in numbers every year. _______
增加
傳統
減少
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
characteristic， important， popular
1.It suddenly became fashionable for politicians to talk about green issues.________
2.Parents play a(n) crucial role in preparing their child for school. __________
3.She acts well but she hasn't got star quality. ____________
popular
important
characteristic
(六)長難句分析
They soon discovered that it mixed really well with a little milk and sugar， giving the drink a special British characteristic.
句意：他們很快發現，它與少量牛奶和糖混合得非常好，使這種飲料具有英國特色。
分析：句子主干為____________________，是“主謂賓”結構。that引導______從句； giving ... 是現在分詞短語作___________。
They discovered that ...
賓語
結果狀語
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.I think _________________ (她的部分問題) is that she doesn't listen carefully enough to what other people say.
2.The panda ____________ (源于) China， proudly called the “national treasure”.
(八)仿寫句子
Relax and take a rest whenever you feel that you need one.(讓步狀語從句)
仿寫：無論你什么時候面對困難，請不要灰心。
_________________________________________________________________
part of her problem
is native to
Whenever you are faced with difficulties, please don?t lose heart.
課后課時作業（二）
較易題(占比50%)　中檔題(占比50%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 A B
難度 ★ ★★
閱讀
A
Wilberforce Tushemereirwe holds up a genetically modified banana that took millions of dollars and 20 years to make. It contains a large amount of provitamin A， a substance that transforms into vitamin A in the body. This “super banana” was created at Uganda's National Agricultural Research Laboratories for the noblest of causes： to save the lives of thousands of children who die in Uganda every year from a lack of vitamin A.
Vitamin A shortage remains a serious global public health problem. The World Health Organization estimates that 190 million preschool children suffer from vitamin A shortage today， mostly in sub Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. It is the leading cause of preventable blindness in children. It also inhibits children's growth and weakens their resistance to illnesses so that many die from treatable diseases such as diarrhea and measles. In Uganda， one of the world's poorest countries， it remains high on the list of health risks， which makes it urgent to find ways to deal with the condition.
The Ugandan government has tried for decades to solve the problem—with limited success. Distribution of vitamin A capsules， for example， worked well in urban areas but failed to reach those most in need in rural areas. Increasing corn and wheat flour and eatable oils with vitamin A proved more effective. But those foods are not consumed in large enough amounts to make a meaningful difference. Bananas， a main staple of the Ugandan diet， seemed to be a better option.
Yet， one problem still remains. Fred Wanyu， a Ugandan tribal leader and linguist， says his ancestors considered the banana “the mother of society”. Farmers worry that a new super banana will distort (扭曲) Ugandan banana culture dramatically.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新型“超級香蕉”的誕生。
Though he respects the ancestors， Wanyu also believes that if a little piece of banana is added to a sister banana， developing into something better， “I think we will live in a better world.” “That’s what many Ugandans wish for as they struggle their way out of malnutrition and extreme poverty.” “Culture is dynamic，” Wanyu said. “Otherwise， we would continue writing on stones.”
1.Why was the super banana created？
A.To increase the production of bananas.
B.To assist Ugandan people in fighting hunger.
C.To help the human body absorb more vitamin A.
D.To save children suffering from vitamin A shortage.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“This ‘super banana’ was ... a lack of vitamin A.”可知，這種“超級香蕉”是由烏干達國家農業研究實驗室研制出來的，目的是挽救烏干達每年因缺乏維生素A而死亡的成千上萬名兒童的生命。故選D。
2.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2？
A.To show ways of preventing vitamin A shortage.
B.To explain the leading cause of blindness in children.
C.To stress the urgency of developing the super banana.
D.To introduce some serious global public health problems.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“In Uganda ... deal with the condition.(烏干達是世界上最貧窮的國家之一，它仍然在健康風險清單上名列前茅，因此迫切需要找到應對這種情況的方法。)”可推知，該段的主要目的是強調研制超級香蕉解決維生素A缺乏問題的迫切性。故選C。
3.What is Wanyu's attitude towards the super banana？
A.Positive. B.Doubtful.
C.Indifferent. D.Disapproving.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“Wanyu also believes ... and extreme poverty.’(萬宇還認為把一種香蕉通過轉基因技術嫁接到另一種香蕉上，可以得到更好的香蕉，‘我想我們會生活在一個更好的世界。’‘這也是許多烏干達人在努力擺脫營養不良和極端貧困時所希望的。’)”可推知，他對超級香蕉持積極的態度。故選A。
4.What's the best title for the text？
A.Advantages of “Super Banana” B.Exploration of “Super Banana”
C.Wide Spread of “Super Banana” D.Large Output of “Super Banana”
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段中的“This ‘super banana’ was created ... a lack of vitamin A.”可知，文章主要介紹烏干達國家農業研究實驗室為了挽救每年因缺乏維生素A而死亡的成千上萬名兒童的生命，不斷努力，最終研制出“超級香蕉”。由此可知，B項(“超級香蕉”的探索)最適合作為文章標題。故選B。
B
　Beijing is no stranger to Western food. American restaurants like McDonald's and KFC have brought more Western dishes to the local food scene in recent years. Now， two new restaurants have joined them.
In August， Taco Bell and Shake Shack opened their doors to eager customers in Beijing. Taco Bell is a popular American fast food restaurant that features Mexican food. Hard and soft shell tacos are a staple (主食) on the menu； they are generally served with
beef， lettuce and tomato. And of course there are burritos—chicken， beef or beans wrapped in a tortilla (墨西哥薄餡餅). However， there are new menu items that are special to the Beijing location， such as the Yang Berry Freeze and Avocado Oolong Tea.
Shake Shack， known for its traditional American style hamburgers and milk shakes， is also serving up dishes that won’t be found in branches outside of the capital. Harry Wang， who studied in the US， visited the restaurant soon after it opened. “The last time I had Shake Shack was more than a year ago when I was in the United States，” Wang said. “They are pretty similar to what we had in the United States， but there is a milkshake special to Beijing.”
The milkshake Wang referred to is the Hutong Hawthorn. The shake mixes hawthorn， a traditional Chinese snack， into a milkshake， a common ice cream drink in Western fast food. The Beijing Shake Shack also offers roasted chestnut ice cream.
Both restaurants also reflect elements of Chinese culture in their decorations. Shake Shack's windows feature cartoons showing hutong life， and Taco Bell has a picture of a palace at the Temple of Heaven on one of its walls.
From the design to the menus， the two restaurants are “adding a touch of local flavor”， noted China News.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了進入北京餐飲市場的兩家新的美國餐廳的具體情況。
5.Why are McDonald's and KFC mentioned in the first paragraph？
A.To show the popularity of Western food in Beijing.
B.To lead up to the topic of new Western restaurants in Beijing.
C.To compare the differences between McDonald's and KFC.
D.To express the author's personal love of Western food.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段“Beijing is no stranger ... restaurants have joined them.(北京對西餐并不陌生。近年來，麥當勞和肯德基等美國餐廳將更多的西餐引入了當地的美食界。現在，兩家新餐館已經加入了它們的行列。)”可推知，本段提及麥當勞和肯德基是為了引出北京兩家新的西餐廳這一話題。故選B。
6.What can we know about Taco Bell？
A.It is a traditional Mexican restaurant.
B.It has the same menu around the world.
C.It is a popular Mexican restaurant in China.
D.It is a fast food restaurant serving Mexican food.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Taco Bell is ... that features Mexican food.”可知，Taco Bell是一家很受歡迎的美國快餐店，以墨西哥菜為特色。故選D。
7.What does the underlined word “reflect” mean in the fifth paragraph？
A.Astonish. B.Present.
C.Deny. D.Arise.
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第五段中的“elements of Chinese culture in their decorations (中國文化元素在它們的裝飾中)”以及“Shake Shack's ... its walls.(Shake Shack餐廳的窗戶上有卡通漫畫，展示了胡同生活，Taco Bell餐廳的一面墻上有天壇的宮殿的圖片。)”可知，這兩家餐廳在裝飾上也體現了中國文化元素。由此可知，畫線詞與present (呈現)意義相近。故選B。
8.What does the article tell us about Taco Bell and Shake Shack？
A.They try to keep the original characteristics in all locations.
B.They will probably have more customers than KFC.
C.They make changes to the menu for Chinese people's tastes.
D.They like to work together with Chinese restaurants.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段“From the design ... noted China News.(《中國新聞網》指出，從設計到菜單，這兩家餐廳都‘增添了一點當地風味’。)”可推知，Taco Bell和 Shake Shack都根據中國人的口味對菜單做出了改變。故選C。
精深閱讀
Chinese people take their food and eat it extremely seriously. Eating is a communal， social， and human experience in China. Sharing a meal is a sign of friendship and trust. Eating plays a central role in friendship， business， medicine， family and love. In short， food is life.
When eating， the rice is separated into your own personal bowl， but the dishes are placed in communal bowls in the centre of the table and everybody helps themselves
with chopsticks. It's considered polite， and a sign of respect and friendship， to encourage other people to eat plenty of the good bits， even to pick up food with your chopsticks and drop it into their rice bowls for them.
Food is an important component of weddings， funerals and almost all Chinese festivals. New Year's Day is the time for dumplings； the Dragon Boat Festival is the time for sticky rice zongzi wrapped in leaves， and the Mid-Autumn Festival is the time for mooncakes. The dinner table is the best forum to close business deals， and it's the number one thing to do with friends.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國食物的重要性。
Chinese women express their admiration for the opposite sex by cooking delicious meals of many courses， and these days it's the other way round， too.
In short， if you want to get to know Chinese people， understand Chinese culture and thinking and get into Chinese life， you have to eat and appreciate Chinese food.
1.In the first paragraph， what does the author mean by saying “food is life”？
A.Without food， there will be no life.
B.Food is as important as life.
C.We must take food seriously.
D.We must eat food every day.
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第一段中的“Eating plays ... family and love.(飲食在友誼、商業、醫學、家庭和愛中起著核心作用。)”可知，食物在各個方面起著核心作用，對于中國人來說是非常重要的，由此可推知，food is life表示食物的重要性，意為“食物和生命一樣重要”。故選B。
2.Eating plays a central role in the following aspects except 　　　　.
A.friendship B.business
C.money D.medicine
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Eating plays ... family and love.”可知，飲食在友誼、商業、醫學、家庭和愛中都起著核心作用，結合選項可知，不涉及金錢。故選C。
3.What's the representative food for the Dragon Boat Festival in China？
A.Dumplings. B.Moon cakes.
C.Noodles. D.Zongzi.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“the Dragon Boat Festival is the time for sticky rice zongzi wrapped in leaves”可知，粽子是中國端午節的代表性食物。故選D。
4.What's the best title of this passage？
A.Eating Food in China
B.How to Make Chinese Food
C.The Importance of Chinese Food
D.Different Foods for Different Chinese Festivals
解析：標題判斷題。根據第一段中的“Chinese people take their food and eat it extremely seriously.(中國人對待食物和吃東西都非常認真。)”和最后一段“In short ... Chinese food.(簡而言之，如果你想了解中國人，了解中國文化和思想，融入中國人的生活，你必須吃和欣賞中國食物。)”可知，文章主要介紹了中國食物的重要性。故選C。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1._________ adv. 嚴肅地，認真地
2.funeral n. ____________
3.wrap v. ________
4. __________ n. 欽佩，愛慕
5. __________ v. 欣賞，鑒賞；理解
seriously
葬禮，喪禮
包，裹
admiration
appreciate
(二)高頻短語
1.________ 簡而言之
2.be separated into ___________
3. ________ 拿起，拾起
4. __________________ 相反的位置、方向或順序
5. ________ 理解；進入
in short
被分成……
pick up
the other way round
get into
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.His eyes showed open __________ (admire) as he looked at her.
2.The kidney plays a vital role ____ the removal of waste products from the blood.
3.It alarms me that nobody takes this problem _________ (serious).
admiration
in
seriously
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.The gap between the two top teams is closing all the time._______
2.She tried calming him down but it seemed to be having the opposite effect. __________
3.It is considered bad manners in some cultures to speak with your mouth full of food. ______
縮小
相反的
認為
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
separate， encourage, express
1．The teacher split the children into three groups.__________
2．I have voiced my objections to the plan to management. __________
3．Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts. __________
separated
expressed
encourage
(六)長難句分析
In short, if you want to get to know Chinese people, understand Chinese culture and thinking and get into Chinese life, you have to eat and appreciate Chinese food.
句意：簡而言之，如果你想了解中國人，了解中國文化和思想，融入中國人的生活，你必須吃和欣賞中國食物。
分析：句子主干是______________________________________。if 引導___________從句，從句中want后跟三個由and連接的動詞不定式短語作并列賓語__________________________, ________________________________________和
______________________。
you have to eat and appreciate Chinese food
條件狀語
to get to know Chinese people
(to) understand Chinese culture and thinking
(to) get into Chinese life
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1．It is recognised that Chinese is __________________________________ (扮演著越來越重要的角色) in the world.
2．_______ (簡而言之), people usually can't stand bad manners.
(八)仿寫句子
Reading is of vital importance in language learning.(動名詞作主語)
仿寫：隨著我們年齡的增長，學習會變得越來越困難。
________________________________________________________________
playing a more and more important role
In short
Learning becomes more and more difficult as we get older.

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