資源簡介

英語 選擇性必修 第二冊 RJ
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1.tutor n. （英國大學中的）助教；導師；家庭教師
2.cite vt. 引用；引述
3.messenger n. 送信人；信使
4.edition n. （報紙、雜志）一份；（廣播、電視節目） 一期、一輯；版次
二、高頻單詞：寫出英文單詞
1.qualification n. （通過考試或學習課程取得的）資格；學歷
2.adaptation n. 適應；改編本
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；撫慰
4.participate vi. 參加；參與
5.engage vi. 參加；參與（活動）　vt. 吸引（ 注意力、興趣 ）
6.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影響；（使）參加
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換（可查字典）
1.complex adj. 復雜的；難懂的；（語法）復合的→complexity n. 復雜性，錯綜復雜
2.ambition n. 追求的目標；夙愿；野心；抱負→ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；勁頭十足地；熱切地
3.presentation n. 報告；陳述；出示；拿出→present adj. 現在的；出席的　v. 提出；介紹
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
recall [熟義] vt.& vi. 記起；回想起
[生義] v. 叫回（某人）；收回（有問題的產品）
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1.participate in 參加；參與
2.speak up 大聲點說；明確表態
3.feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束
4.engage in （使）從事；參與
5.get involved in 參與；卷入；與……有關聯
課文三維剖析
“WELCOME， XIE LEI！”
BUSINESS STUDENT BUILDING BRIDGES
“歡迎你，謝蕾！”
商科學生搭建文化交流的橋梁
Six months ago， 19－year－old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and1 boarded a plane for London. It was the first time that she had left China.2 “I was very excited but also quite nervous. I didn't know what to expect3，” Xie Lei recalled. 半年前，19歲的謝蕾告別家人和朋友，登上了飛往倫敦的班機。這是她第一次離開中國。“我很激動，也很緊張，不知道會發生什么。”謝蕾回憶道。 Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and4 has come to our university on a year－long exchange5 programme. “I chose the exchange programme because6 I wanted to learn about global business and7 improve my English. My ambition is to set up8 a business in China after graduation，” she explained. 謝蕾在中國一所大學攻讀商科，來我校參加為期一年的交流項目。“之所以選擇這個交流項目，是因為我想了解全球商務，并提高我的英語水平。我的志向是畢業后在中國創辦一家企業。”她解釋道。 At first， Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. “You have to get used to a whole new life，” she said. “I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things9I didn't know the English names for10. When11 I got lost， I had to ask passers－by for help， but people here speak fast and use words I'm not familiar with12. I ask them to repeat themselves13 a lot！” 起初，謝蕾不得不去適應異國他鄉的生活。“你必須習慣一種全新的生活。”她說，“我得學會使用公共交通，學會要到我不知道英文名稱的東西。迷路時，我得向路人求助，但是這里的人講話語速很快，而且使用的是我不熟悉的單詞。我老是讓他們重復！” Although some foreign students live in campus14 accommodation， Xie Lei chose to live with a host family15， who16 can help with her adaptation to the new culture. “When17 I miss home， I feel comforted to have a second family，” Xie Lei said. “When18 there's something I don't know or understand19， I can ask them. They are also keen to learn about China. Laura， the daughter of my host family20， wants to study in China in the future. We take turns to cook each evening. They really love my stir－fried tomatoes and eggs！ Laura says she always feels hungry21　when she smells it22， so23 I taught her how to cook it24， too.” 雖然一些留學生住在學校里，但是謝蕾選擇住在寄宿家庭，有助于她適應異國文化。“有第二個家，想家時我會得到些安慰。”謝蕾說。“當我有不知道或不理解的事情時，我可以咨詢他們。他們對中國也很感興趣，我房東的女兒勞拉將來想到中國求學。我們每晚輪流做飯，他們真的很愛吃我做的番茄炒蛋！勞拉說，每次聞到香味，她就感到饑腸轆轆，于是我教她做這道菜。” Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements. The first time that25 she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that26 she must acknowledge what other people had said27 if she cited their ideas28， but that29 he mainly wanted to know what she thought30！ Xie Lei was confused because31 she thought she knew less than other people32. Her tutor advised her to read lots of information33 in order to form34 a wise opinion of her own. 謝蕾面臨的另一個挑戰是學業要求。她第一次寫論文時，導師跟她解釋說，如果引用別人的觀點就一定要注明，不過導師主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。謝蕾困惑不解，因為她覺得自己懂得沒有別人多。她的導師建議她廣泛閱讀文獻，形成自己睿智的觀點。 Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class35as part of the final result36　. Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations37. At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say38， but what surprised her39 was that40 she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. “My presentation on traditional Chinese art41 was a great success， which boosted my confidence42，” she said. “I'll use these skills back home for presentations. They'll help me build a strong business43 in the future.” 此外，謝蕾發現很多課程的最終成績都包含學生的課堂參與。學生需要形成觀點、提供例子、運用概念、提出問題，并且還要進行展示。剛開始，謝蕾不知道該說什么。但使她驚奇的是，沒過幾周，她就能在課堂上大膽發言了。“我的中國傳統藝術展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她說，“回國后，我會將這些技能運用到展示中，幫助我未來打造一家強大的企業。” Now halfway through her exchange year， Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. What seemed strange before now44 appears quite normal to her. “Engaging in British culture45 has helped，” she said. “As well as studying hard46， I've been involved in social activities. British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it， so47 I'm keen to share my culture with them. While I'm learning about business48， I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us.” 現在一年的交流時間已過半，謝蕾感到她在英國的學習和生活自如多了。以前看似奇怪的事情現在對她來說顯得十分平常了。“融入英國文化使我受益匪淺。”她說，“努力學習之余，我還參加了一些社交活動。英國人對我們的文化十分著迷，渴望了解更多中國文化，因此我也樂于同他們分享。我攻讀商科的同時也是一個文化使者，在中外文化之間架起了一座橋梁。” We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later editions， but for now， we wish her all the best. 我們會在隨后的幾期中跟蹤報道謝蕾的進展情況，但現在我們祝她一切順利。 1 連接并列謂語said和boarded 2　 It is the first time that ... 為固定句式，意為“第一次……”，主句謂語是一般過去時時，從句用過去完成時 3　疑問詞＋不定式，作動詞know的賓語 4　連接并列謂語is studying和has come to 5　名詞作定語 6　引導原因狀語從句 7　連接并列結構to learn和improve；improve前省略了to，二者皆作want的賓語 8　不定式短語作表語 9　and連接兩個“疑問詞＋不定式短語”結構，作learn的賓語 10　定語從句（省略引導詞that/which），修飾things 11　引導時間狀語從句 12　定語從句，修飾words 13　不定式短語作them的賓補 14　名詞作定語 15　不定式短語作賓語 16　引導非限制性定語從句，解釋說明a host family 17　引導時間狀語從句 18　引導時間狀語從句 19　定語從句，修飾something，省略引導詞that 20　Laura的同位語 21　says的賓語從句 22　when引導時間狀語從句 23　并列連詞，連接前后兩個分句 24　疑問詞＋不定式短語作賓補 25　引導時間狀語從句 26　引導賓語從句 27　賓語從句 28　條件狀語從句 29　but 連接前后兩個that引導的賓語從句 30　賓語從句 31　引導原因狀語從句 32　賓語從句 33　不定式短語作賓補 34　目的狀語 35　賓語從句 36　方式狀語 37　need to do sth “需要做某事”。and和as well as 連接的五個不定式短語（后四個省略to），皆作need的賓語 38　idea的同位語從句 39　主語從句 40　引導表語從句 41　介詞短語作presentation的后置定語 42　非限制性定語從句，解釋說明success 43　（不帶to的）不定式短語作賓補 44　主語從句 45　動名詞短語作主語 46　as well as “除……之外，也”，后跟動名詞短語 47　連接兩個并列句 48 時間狀語從句
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
閱讀領悟
（一）填空并連線
（二）話題語塊
1.a year－long exchange programme 為期一年的交流項目
2.set up a business 創辦一家企業
3.adapt to life 適應生活
4.be keen to do sth 渴望做某事
5.take turns to do sth 輪流做某事
6.stir－fried tomatoes and eggs 番茄炒蛋
7.generate ideas 形成觀點
8.a great success 非常成功
9.a cultural messenger 文化使者
10.eager to do sth 渴望做某事
（三）高頻語法現象
1.名詞作定語
①足球賽因暴風雨而中斷。
The football match was interrupted by a storm.
②在車間里，他放著一個工具箱，里面裝滿各種工具。
In the workshop， he keeps a tool box filled with various tools.
2.介詞短語作后置定語
①我們看到了遠方的燈光。
We saw lights in the distance.
②觀光客常常破壞島上微妙的自然生態平衡。
Tourists often disturb the delicate balance of nature on the island.
3.疑問詞＋不定式（短語）作賓語/賓補
①我將告訴你如何安裝這個軟件。
I'll show you how to install the software.
②你應該告訴你父親什么時候寫作業。
You should tell your father when to do the homework.
4.動名詞（短語）作主語
①隨著我們年齡的增長，學習變得越來越困難。
Learning becomes more and more difficult as we get older.
②自己有一臺計算機非常有用。
Having your own computer is very useful.
5.and，but和so連接并列句
①陽光透過窗戶照進來，一切看起來那么明亮。
The sunshine comes in through the window and everything looks so bright.
②我并不想催你，但二十分鐘后我們就要關門了。
I don't want to hurry you but we close in twenty minutes.
③他沒有告訴你真相，所以不要被他騙了。
He didn't tell you the truth， so don't be taken in by him.
探究一　熱詞
1.qualification n. （通過考試或學習課程取得的）資格；學歷（教材P14）
·qualify vt.& vi. （使）具備資格；（使）合格 ·qualified adj. 有資格的；能勝任的 gain/acquire/obtain qualifications 獲得資格 without qualification 無條件地 have （no） qualifications for （doing） sth （沒）有（做）某事的資格 have （no） qualifications to do sth （沒）有做某事的資格 qualify （sb/sth） as ... （使某人/某物）有資格擔任/成為…… qualify sb for sth 使某人有資格獲得某物 be qualified to do sth 有資格做某事 be qualified for ... 有……的資格；可勝任……
①In this job， experience counts for more than paper qualifications.
擔任這項工作，經驗比文憑更重要。（應用文寫作之通知）
②（全國乙卷）She qualified as a surgeon in 1813， then joined the British Army， serving overseas.
她于1813年獲得外科醫生資格，然后加入英國軍隊，在海外服役。
③Since I have worked as a volunteer in different activities， I believe that I am qualified to fill the position you advertised for.
因為我擔任過不同活動的志愿者，所以我相信我能勝任您所招聘的職位。（應用文寫作之申請信）
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications （qualify）.
②A person with an appreciation of art and literature is qualified for the job.
【學會表達】完成句子
③我們的父母也在逐漸成長為合格的父親和母親，所以有時候我們需要理解并原諒他們。（應用文寫作之建議信）
Our parents are still growing into qualified fathers and mothers， so we need to understand and forgive them sometimes.
④經過7年的學習，約翰獲得了當醫生的資格。
After 7 years of study， John gained/acquired/obtained qualifications to become a doctor.
2.adaptation n. 適應；改編本（教材P14）
·adapt vt.& vi. （使）適應　vt. 改寫，改編 ·adaptable adj. 能適應的，有適應能力的 adapt （oneself） to ... （使某人）適應…… be adapted for .../from ... 改編成……/改編自……
①Evolution occurs as a result of adaptation to new environments.
進化是適應新環境的結果。
②It is the species that are most adaptable to change that survive.
生存下來的是最能適應變化的物種。
③The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.
孩子們很容易適應新的環境，這對他們來說是一件好事。
【易混辨析】
adapt v. （使）適應；使適合；改編；改造；修改 adapt to new market 適應新市場 adapt this novel 改編這本小說
adopt v. 采取，采納；收養 adopt an idea 采納觀點 adopt a child 收養一個孩子
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①To ensure success，it is important to be adaptable and make necessary adaptations to changing. （adapt）
【學會表達】翻譯
②這部劇是根據小說改編的，但導演對故事情節做了重大改動。
The play was adapted from the novel， but the director made significant changes to the storyline.
③我決不會采用他的任何一個方法。
In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods.
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；撫慰（教材P14）
·comfortable adj. 舒服的；舒適的 ·comfortably adv. 舒服地，安逸地 ·discomfort n. 不適　vt. 使不舒服 ·uncomfortable adj. 不舒適的；不自在的 ·uncomfortably adv. 不舒服地；令人不安地 take/draw comfort from/in 從/在……中得到安慰 in comfort 舒適地 comfort sb for sth 因某事而安慰某人 comfort oneself/sb with sth 用某物安慰自己/某人
①The gentle breeze stroked his head as if comforting all his tiredness.
微風輕撫著他的頭，仿佛在安慰他所有的疲憊。（讀后續寫之環境描寫）
②（新課標Ⅱ卷）I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
我一直在幫助動物園的熊貓飼養員感覺更舒服、更自信地說英語。
③The kitten had settled comfortably in her arms and was purring enthusiastically.
小貓舒服地臥在她懷里，起勁地打著呼嚕。（讀后續寫之動物描寫）
④You can take some comfort in the fact that you did your best.
你已經盡力了，這一點可以讓你感到安慰。
⑤Surely there is some way of ordering our busy lives so that we can live in comfort and find spiritual harmony too.
一定會有辦法把我們繁忙的生活安排得既舒適又能找到內心的平靜。
【小小語義場】表示安慰與鼓勵的相關短語
pat sb on the shoulder 拍拍某人的肩膀
hold/take sb in one's arms 把某人擁在懷里
throw one's arms around sb tightly without hesitation 毫不猶豫地緊緊擁抱某人
cast a comforting glance at sb 安慰地看了某人一眼
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I know she goes out a lot at night， but I take comfort from the fact that she's always with friends.
②She comforted herself （she） with the thought that it would soon be spring.
【學會表達】翻譯
③I became uncomfortably aware that the people at the next table were watching me.
我意識到旁桌的人在看我，感到很不自在。
④Be the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.
先天下之憂而憂，后天下之樂而樂。
⑤她好不容易才把身體轉為一個比較舒服的姿勢。
With difficulty， she rolled her body into a more comfortable position.
4.participate vi. 參加；參與（教材P15）
·participation n. 參加；參與 ·participant n. 參加者；參與者 participate in 參加；參與
①When holidays came， there were Yangko and stilt shows with people eager to participate.
過節時會有人們渴望參加的扭秧歌、踩高蹺表演。
②Looking forward to your active participation.
期待你的積極參與。（應用文寫作之邀請信）
③All participants will gather at the school gate at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
所有參加者明天早上8點鐘在校門口集合。（應用文寫作之通知）
④In order to encourage students to actively participate in sports， our school held a basketball game in the school gym last Saturday afternoon.
為了鼓勵學生積極參加體育運動，我們學校上周六下午在學校體育館舉辦了一場籃球比賽。（應用文寫作之報道）
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①When I saw your volunteer recruitment information， I had no hesitation in applying for it for I really want to participate in this activity. （應用文寫作之申請信）
②As an active participant （participate） in various volunteer work， I have a lot of experience in serving others. （應用文寫作之申請信）
【學會表達】完成句子
③老師鼓勵學生更多地參與班級決策。
Teachers encourage students to have more participation in class decision－making.
④我很沮喪，因為我沒有進入全國歌唱大賽，我一直很想參加這個比賽。（讀后續寫之心理描寫）
I'm frustrated at not entering into the national singing competition， which I have long wanted to participate in.
5.engage vi. 參加；參與（活動）　vt. 吸引（注意力、興趣）；雇用，聘請（教材P15）
·engaged adj. 已訂婚的；忙于……的；從事……的；被占用的 ·engagement n. 約定；預約；訂婚 engage in （使）從事；參與 engage sb to do 聘請某人做某事 engage sb as 聘請某人為……；聘請某人擔任…… engage sb's interests/attention 吸引某人的興趣/注意力 be/get engaged to sb 和某人訂婚 be/get engaged in/on sth 忙于/從事某事
①I tried to reach him， but the line was engaged.
我嘗試過聯系他，但電話占線。
②She will be unable to attend the meeting because of a prior engagement.
因事先有別的安排，她將無法出席該會議。
③We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell the stories of China well.
我們應該提高參與國際交流的能力，講好中國故事。（文化自信）
④He was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg.
他曾在薩爾茨堡擔任宮廷音樂家。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①For the past three years， I have been engaged as chairman of the Student Union in our school.
②It is a traditional custom of a man giving betrothal gift （聘禮） to a woman when they get engaged （engage）， which still exists in modern Chinese society.
【學會表達】完成句子
③如果一本書的前幾頁不能引起我的興趣，我通常不會繼續讀下去。
If a book doesn't engage my interest in the first few pages， I don't usually continue reading it.
④一項調查顯示，參加課外活動的高中生比不參加課外活動的高中生更快樂。
A survey shows that senior high students who are engaged in after school activities are happier than those who are not.
6.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影響；（使） 參加；使卷入（教材P15）
·involved adj. 參與的；有關聯的；復雜的；專心于……的 ·involvement n. 參加；參與；沉迷 involve doing sth 包含/需要做某事 involve ... in ... 使……卷入……；使……參與…… involve with sb 與某人有密切關系 get/be/become involved with/in 參與/涉及……；專注于……
①Her job involves filing and other general office work.
她的工作包括歸檔和其他一般的辦公室工作。
②Students should involve themselves actively in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
學生們應該積極參加社區活動，在那里他們能夠獲得成長的經驗。（應用文寫作之建議信）
③She's been involved with animal rights for many years.
多年來，她一直致力于保護動物的權利。（人物介紹）
④No matter what you like to do， there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
無論你喜歡做什么，總有一個方法可以讓你參與地球日的各種活動。（應用文寫作之倡議書）
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I don't want to do anything that will involve me in a long－term commitment.
②They said that the job would involve travel（l）ing （travel） to Paris.
③She was very involved with/in sports at college， and her studies suffered.
【學會表達】翻譯
④她在日常生活中要接觸很多人。
Her daily life involved meeting lots of people.
⑤所有的老師和學生都積極參加了越野跑比賽。（應用文寫作之報道）
All the teachers and students got actively involved in/with the cross－country running race.
1.complex adj. 復雜的；難懂的；（語法）復合的→complexity n. 復雜性，錯綜復雜
In order to explain complex science to a lay audience， scientists and journalists are prone to progressively downplay the complexity.
為了向外行的聽眾解釋復雜的科學，科學家和新聞記者越來越傾向于減少復雜程度。
2.ambition n. 追求的目標；夙愿；野心；抱負→ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；勁頭十足地；熱切地
When I was young I never had any ambition. But my brother was ambitious and he always ambitiously did whatever he wanted to do.
年輕的時候，我從來沒有任何抱負。但是我哥哥雄心勃勃，他總是勁頭十足地做任何他想做的事。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I was astonished by the size and complexity （complex） of the problem.
②With everything changing for the better， I have become more motivated and a lot more ambitious （ambition）.
【學會表達】翻譯
③他是個極其復雜的人。
He was an unusually complex man.
④如果你想實現你的抱負，你必須努力工作，做好充分的準備。
If you want to achieve/realize/fulfill your ambition， you must work hard and get fully prepared.
recall
[熟義]vt.& vi. 記起；回想起 [生義]v. 叫回（某人）；收回（有問題的產品）
①He had a good memory， and could totally recall her spoken words.
他的記憶力很好，能完全回憶出她說過的話。
②Both countries recalled their ambassadors.
兩個國家都召回了各自的大使。
③The company said it was recalling one of its drugs and had stopped selling two others.
該公司說它正在收回它的一種藥品，而且已經停售了另外兩種藥品。
【學會運用】同義詞替換
①I can't recall meeting her before. remember
【學會表達】翻譯
②The company recalled thousands of jars of baby food after a health crisis.
在一次健康危機后，該公司收回了數千罐嬰兒食品。
③我回想起我們第一次見面的那一天，那是一個陽光明媚的下午，我們聊得很開心。
I recalled the day when we first met； it was a sunny afternoon and we had a great conversation.
探究二　短語
speak up 大聲點說；明確表態（教材P15）
up其他相關短語： put up 建造；舉起；張貼 eat up 吃光；耗盡 cut up 切碎；使傷心 fix up 修理；安頓；安排 set up 建立；設立 cheer up 高興起來，（使）振作 hang up 掛斷電話；擱置；拖延 bring up 養育；撫養；養大
①We will speak up for our rights and hope to bring change through our voices.
我們將為我們的權利大聲疾呼，希望通過我們的聲音帶來改變。
②（全國甲卷）I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.
我已經搬過很多次家了，我總是喜歡使我的房間個性化并掛上照片。
③Don't eat up all the cake！ Save some for the others.
別把蛋糕全吃光了！給其他人留一些。
④I've fixed up （for us） to go to the theatre next week.
我已安排好（我們）下周去看戲。
⑤My own mother was brought up very strictly and correctly.
我自己的母親從小就受到嚴格且正確的教育。
【學會運用】選詞填空（bring up/speak up/cheer up）
①Instead， we should keep thinking all the time and speak up if we think there are mistakes in our teachers' words or in books.
②Don't disappoint your friends who help you cheer up from despair.
③Many women still take career breaks to bring up children.
【學會表達】翻譯
④他們搭起帳篷，安歇下來過夜。
They put up their tents and settled down for the night.
⑤我稍后給你回電話，現在先掛斷。
I'll call you back later， just hang up now.
探究三　長難句分析
　1.I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.（教材P14） 我得學會使用公共交通，學會要到我不知道英文名稱的東西。
【分析】　句子主干為I had to learn ...，是“主謂賓”結構。and連接兩個并列賓語：how to use public transport 和 how to ask for things，且兩個并列賓語是“疑問詞＋不定式”結構；I didn't know the English names for是省略了that/which的定語從句，修飾things。 疑問詞＋不定式結構： 除了作賓語，也可作主語、賓補或表語。疑問詞包括疑問代詞 （who， whom， what， which） 和疑問副詞（when， where， how， why） 能接此結構作賓語的常見動詞（短語）有： tell， show， teach， learn， know， wonder， discuss， remember， forget， find out等 可轉換為從句
①I really don't know what to write about. （作賓語）
我實在不知道該寫些什么。
②Where to hold the meeting is not known yet. （作主語）
在哪里開會還不知道呢。
③Our teacher advised us which to choose as after school activities. （作賓補）
我們老師建議我們選擇哪一個作為課外活動。
④We must first solve the problem of whom to serve.（疑問詞＋不定式）
＝We must first solve the problem of whom we serve.（賓語從句）
我們必須首先解決為誰服務的問題。
【學會運用】語境填空
①I am scared that I don't know what to do in front of the public （在公眾面前做些什么）. In the past few days， I was still learning how to dance （如何跳舞） from the teacher of our school.
【學會表達】一句多譯
②為了應付生活，你需要學習如何應對生活中的艱辛。
In order to cope with life， you need to learn how to deal with the hardships of life.
＝In order to cope with life， you need to learn how you deal with the hardships of life.
2.The first time that she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas， but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！（教材P14） 她第一次寫論文時，導師跟她解釋說，如果引用別人的觀點就一定要注明，不過導師主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
【分析】　the first time that ... 意為“第一次……時”，that在句中引導時間狀語從句，也可省略；本句主干為her tutor explained＋that從句，由but連接兩個that引導的賓語從句。what other people had said是acknowledge的賓語從句，if引導條件狀語從句。what she thought是know的賓語從句。當某一動詞后接兩個或兩個以上的由 that 引導的賓語從句時，第一個that 可以省略，但第二個及以后的賓語從句的引導詞 that 均不能省略。 （1）常見引導時間狀語從句的名詞（短語）： the moment/minute/second/instant ... 等，意為“一……就……”（＝as soon as ...） every time /each time/（the） next time/the day等 （2）賓語從句中不能省略that的其他情況： it作形式賓語 that引導的賓語從句中主語為that或this 主句與that引導的賓語從句之間有插入語
①The first time （that） I visited Zhangjiajie， I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.
我第一次游覽張家界時，就被它美麗的景色深深打動了。（景點描寫）
②The moment I closed my eyes， I fell asleep.
我一閉上眼睛就睡著了。
③Every time she heard his name， she dissolved into tears.
每當聽到他的名字時，她都禁不住淚流滿面。
④He said （that） he would go to a tennis competition and that he wanted me to go with him.
他說他要去看網球比賽，并且想讓我跟他一起去。
⑤We all consider it important that children should drink plenty of milk as they grow.
我們都認為孩子在長身體時應該多喝牛奶，這很重要。
⑥They told me that this was what they wanted.
他們告訴我這就是他們想要的。
【學會運用】選詞填空（every time/the moment）
①I unpacked my bags the moment I arrived.
②Every time they went dancing they ended up in a bad mood.
【學會表達】翻譯
③現在她對這首詩表現出了極大的興趣，但是在她第一次讀它時，她認為它很無聊。
She shows great interest in this poem now， but she thought it very boring the first time （that） she read it.
④他告訴我他媽媽病了，他必須在醫院照顧她。
He told me （that） his mother was ill and that he had to take care of her in the hospital.
3.Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations.（教材P15） 學生需要形成觀點、提供例子、運用概念、提出問題，并且還要進行展示。
【分析】　本句主干為Students need to do sth，為“主謂賓”結構；其中generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， raise questions， give presentations為并列賓語，由and和as well as 連接。as well as 意為“以及；既……又……；除了……之外，還有……”。 as well as用來連接兩個相同成分，如名詞、形容詞、動詞、介詞、分詞等，意為“和，以及”，通常不位于句首，此時強調的重點在其前面 as well as位于句首時，意為“除了……之外，還有……”，其后可接名詞、動名詞等 當as well as連接并列主語時，謂語動詞須和as well as前面的主語在數上保持一致
①Responsibility and reliability are necessary qualifications， as well as a friendly and outgoing personality.
責任感和可靠性是必需的素質，友善和外向的性格也必不可少。（應用文寫作之招募啟事）
②As well as a good academic record， I look for people who've climbed mountains or been captain of a team.
除了良好的學習成績外，我還會尋找曾經爬過山或當過團隊隊長的人。
③The talent player， as well as her parents， was surrounded by the reporters.
這位天才選手和她的父母被記者們圍起來了。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He as well as I was （be） satisfied with the contest result yesterday.
②As well as singing （sing） some classic music， she sings pop music very well.
【學會表達】翻譯
③人生在世，總是有苦有甜。
You will always have the bad as well as the good in the world.
④學生和他們的家人，以及學校的工作人員和老師聚在一起參加了這次活動。
Students and their families， as well as school staff and teachers， came together to join in the activity.
維度一　高頻詞匯
（一）寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影響；（使）參加
2.adaptation n. 適應；改編本
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；撫慰
4.qualification n. （通過考試或學習課程取得的）資格；學歷
5.participate v. 參加；參與
6.engage in （使）從事；參與
7.feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束
8.participate in 參加；參與
9.get involved in 參與；卷入；與……有關聯
10.speak up 大聲點說；明確表態
（二）寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1.I knew very well that the problem was more complex than he supposed.復雜的
2.The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers. 收回
3.This recipe is an adaptation of an old favourite. 改編本
4.I admire the clear， logical presentation of her arguments. 陳述
5.It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye. 吸引
維度二　語境運用
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.Decide when to turn （turn） back or take a break to prevent accidents and ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.
2.After a whirlwind romance the couple announced their engagement （engage） in July.
3.Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating in a choir， engaging in such a cognitive stimulator as we age could be beneficial.
4.It makes no difference to me where we shall spend our holiday， for what I need is only relaxation.
5.My starting salary as a newly qualified （qualify） teacher wasn't enough to support a family.
（四）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
cite， recall， participate， presentation， ambition
1.Don't quote me on this， but I think he is going to resign.cite
2.He has never had any aspiration to earn a lot of money. ambition
3.Their report put ours to shame. presentation
4.I'd like to invite you to join in our Chinese Culture activity. participate
5.He remembered that she always came home late on Wednesdays. recalled
維度三　能力提升
（五）長難句分析
　Tourists may come across an area in which golden snub nosed monkeys that are ill or injured are treated before they go back into the forest.
分析：句子主干是 Tourists may come across an area。in which是“介詞＋關系代詞”引導定語從句，修飾限定area；that引導定語從句，修飾monkeys；before引導時間狀語從句。
（六）句型轉換
1.An expert can show you how to use the different types of equipment.（賓語從句）
→An expert can show you how you can use the different types of equipment.
2.As soon as he got inside， the dog shook himself.
→The moment/minute/second/instant he got inside， the dog shook himself.
維度四　素養提升
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.As a child he was very much an outsider， never participating in/engaging in/involving in （參加） the games other children played.
2.We'll all do our best to make you feel at home （使你舒服自在）.
3.Girls are more likely to speak up frequently （經常發言） and make significant contributions to class.
（八）翻譯
1.我第一次在公共場合發表演講時很焦慮。（the first time 作連詞）
The first time （that） I delivered a speech in public I was quite anxious.
2.最后，健談的人很清楚如何處理爭論的場合。（疑問詞＋不定式作賓語）
Finally， good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of argument.
課后課時作業（一）
較易題（占比70%）　中檔題（占比30%）　拔高題（占比0%）
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
Body language is no doubt the quiet， secret and most powerful language of all！ It speaks 　1　 than words. According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize. In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean， and body language is particularly 　4　 when we attempt to communicate across cultures.
Indeed， what is called body language is so much a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur because of it. 　5　， different societies treat the distance between people 　6　. Northern Europeans usually do not like having body 　7　 even with friends， and certainly not with 　8　. People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore， it's possible that in conversation， it may look like a Latino is 　9　 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer. But the Norwegian， very probably seeing this as pushiness， will keep stepping backward， which the Latino will regard as 　11　.
Clearly， a great deal is going on when people 　12　. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties （當事人） are from different cultures， there's a strong possibility of 　13　. But whatever the situation is， the best 　14　 is to obey the Golden Rule： behave to others as you would like to be 　15　.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在跨文化交際時肢體語言的重要性。
1.A.louder B.safer
C.harder D.further
答案：A
解析：loud 大聲的；safe 安全的；hard 努力的；further 更進一步的。根據下文“According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize.”可知，此處指肢體語言比語言表達更有力。故選A。
2.A.sounds B.invitations
C.interests D.messages
答案：D
解析：句意：根據專家的說法，我們的身體發出的信息比我們意識到的要多。sound 聲音；invitation 邀請；interest 興趣；message 信息。故選D。
3.A.hands out B.takes up
C.shows off D.goes over
答案：B
解析：hand out 分發；take up 占據；從事；show off 炫耀；go over 復習。根據本句中的“non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，此處指非語言交際傳達的信息約占我們真正表達信息的一半。故選B。
4.A.immediate B.dependent
C.important D.difficult
答案：C
解析：immediate 立即的；dependent 依賴的；important 重要的；difficult 困難的。根據上文“In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，非語言交際傳達的信息約占我們真正表達信息的一半，所以此處指肢體語言對于交流很重要。故選C。
5.A.As a result B.For example
C.What's more D.In short
答案：B
解析：as a result 結果；因此；for example 例如；what's more 而且；in short 總之。根據上文“attempt to communicate across cultures”和“misunderstandings occur because of it”以及下文舉例可知，此處是對上文跨文化交際會產生誤解的舉例說明。故選B。
6.A.excitedly B.differently
C.comfortably D.confidently
答案：B
解析：句意：例如，不同的社會群體對待人與人之間的距離是不同的。故選B。
7.A.weight B.pose
C.contact D.stress
答案：C
解析：根據上文“different societies treat the distance between people 　6　”以及下文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”可知，此處指和拉丁美洲人相比，北歐人不喜歡身體上的接觸。故選C。
8.A.strangers B.relatives
C.neighbours D.enemies
答案：A
解析：stranger 陌生人；relative 親戚；neighbour 鄰居；enemy 敵人。根據上文“do not like having body 　7　 even with friends”可知，此處指當然更不用說和陌生人有身體上的接觸了。故選A。
9.A.disturbing B.helping
C.guiding D.following
答案：D
解析：根據上文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”以及下文“a Norwegian all over the room”可知，北歐人想保持距離，拉美人想要通過肢體接觸來表示友好，所以會一直跟著挪威人滿屋子轉。故選D。
10.A.reveal B.predict
C.express D.assess
答案：C
解析：reveal 揭示；顯示；predict 預言；預計；express 表達；表露；assess 估計；評價。根據下文“friendship， will keep moving closer”可知，拉美人會通過近距離接觸來表達友誼。故選C。
11.A.weakness B.carelessness
C.friendliness D.coldness
答案：D
解析：weakness 弱點；carelessness 粗心；friendliness 友好；coldness 冷漠。根據上文“The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer.”可知，拉美人通過近距離接觸來表達友誼，所以挪威人不斷后退就會被拉美人當成是一種冷漠。故選D。
12.A.talk B.shout
C.laugh D.think
答案：A
解析：根據下文“And only a part of it is in the words themselves.”可知，此處指在人們談話的時候，會傳達很多信息。故選A。
13.A.curiosity B.anger
C.misunderstanding D.nervousness
答案：C
解析：句意：當雙方來自不同的文化背景時，很有可能會產生誤解。curiosity 好奇心；anger 憤怒；misunderstanding 誤解；nervousness 緊張。故選C。
14.A.chance B.time
C.influence D.advice
答案：D
解析：chance 機會；時機；time 時間；influence 影響；advice 建議。根據下文“obey the Golden Rule”以及語境可知，此處指最好的建議。故選D。
15.A.noticed B.treated
C.respected D.pleased
答案：B
解析：根據上文“behave to others as you would like to be”可知，此處指你希望怎樣被對待，那就怎樣對待別人。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
For most people traveling abroad， their first choice is probably to make a beeline for （直奔） tourist sights. For me， I find lots of joy in grocery shopping on holiday.
As a vegetarian， finding restaurants that meet my needs is not always easy abroad. 　1　 The first thing I do， after dropping my bags off， is to go to a grocery store. That enables me to cook breakfast in the morning without walking around for hours trying to find “vegan breakfast” near me.
The variety of foods attracts me every time I travel somewhere new. In Malta， I found the most delicious chocolate－filled cakes， a product I would struggle to find even in the UK. 　2　 I was so delighted that I could enjoy such an unexpected treat. Another surprise was their selection of ice cream available even in the smallest grocery stores.
　3　 Looking for smoked tofu and corn pancakes turns into quite a mission whenever I visit Cluj－Napoca in Romania. There is usually only one variety of smoked tofu， sold in a very small tub （食品盒） and only in the cafeteria section. 　4　 That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.
Grocery shopping on holiday sounds unusual. But it means being involved in the day－to－day lives of a country's citizens. I can pretend I am a local and put myself in their shoes. I can watch kids begging their parents for sweets， an international experience that needs no language， or watch couples pick up snacks and drinks for a party on a Friday night. 　5　
A.I ended up eating these every day for breakfast.
B.The challenge of finding food is interesting， too.
C.So I always make sure to book a place with a kitchen.
D.Grocery shopping was a vital part of the holiday experience.
E.It's an act of understanding people as much as of buying food.
F.Corn pancakes always require a trip to the bigger grocery store.
G.By wandering around in a new country， I start to see what they value.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者作為一名素食主義者，在旅行過程中喜歡去當地的食品雜貨店購物，并通過購物體驗當地市民的日常生活。作者認為這是一個有趣而且可以讓自己像當地人一樣融入當地文化的做法。
1.答案：C
解析：根據前文“As a vegetarian ... always easy abroad.”可知，作者是一名素食主義者，因此在旅游時找到滿足自己需求的餐館并不容易。C項（所以我總是確保預訂一個帶廚房的地方。）承接前文，符合語境。故選C。
2.答案：A
解析：根據前文“In Malta ... in the UK.”可知，作者發現了一種美味的巧克力夾心蛋糕。A項（后來我每天早餐都吃這個。）承接前文，其中的these指代前文的chocolate－filled cakes。故選A。
3.答案：B
解析：根據后文“Looking for ... in Romania.”可知，此處指作者喜歡在旅游過程中尋找食物。B項（尋找食物的挑戰也很有趣。）引出后文。故選B。
4.答案：F
解析：根據后文“That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.”可知，它們在較小的商店里永遠都買不到。F項（玉米煎餅總是需要去大一點的雜貨店購買。）引出后文。故選F。
5.答案：E
解析：根據前文“But it means being involved in ... a Friday night.”可知，通過購物可以體驗當地市民的日常生活。E項（這既是一種購買食品的行為，也是一種理解他人的方式。）承接前文，指出通過購物可以讓自己像當地人一樣融入當地文化的做法。故選E。
Ⅲ　語法填空
（浙江高考1月）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family size this and multi buy that. However， if you're shopping for one， buying extra 　1　 （benefit） from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 　2　 you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
Of course， shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　3　 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities， that's 　4　 they'll promote. But that leaves the solo （單獨） customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 　5　 （criticize） that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However， though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages， it would help even more if they could sometimes 　6　 （offer） in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce， then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years， some supermarkets 　7　 （start） selling chicken or salad in packs 　8　 （design） with two halves containing separate portions （份）. Then， when you use one section， 　9　 other stays fresh.
Who knows， perhaps some of the more forward looking 　10　 （one） may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
1.　　 　　2.　　 　　3.　　 　　4.　　 　
5.　　 　　6.　　 　　7.　　 　　8.　　 　
9.　　 　　10.　　 　
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了商家各式各樣的促銷手段。
1.答案：to benefit
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處指多買一件來享受降價，應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填to benefit。
2.答案：or
解析：考查連詞。either ... or ... 為固定搭配，意為“要么……要么……”。故填or。
3.答案：that/which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為way，指物，在從句中作主語。故填that/which。
4.答案：what
解析：考查表語從句的連接詞。設空處引導表語從句，在從句中作promote的賓語，意為“……的事物”。故填what。
5.答案：criticism
解析：考查詞性轉換。根據設空前的定冠詞the可知，設空處應用名詞作賓語，criticism意為“批評”，為不可數名詞。故填criticism。
6.答案：be offered
解析：考查動詞的語態和情態動詞。主語they指代前文中的sausages，與動詞offer之間為被動關系，且情態動詞could后應用動詞原形。故填be offered。
7.答案：have started
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語Over the last two years可知，句子應用現在完成時；主語some supermarkets為復數，助動詞應用have。故填have started。
8.答案：designed
解析：考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語packs與動詞design之間為被動關系，應用過去分詞作后置定語。故填designed。
9.答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。one ... the other ... 為固定搭配，意為“一個……，另外一個……”。故填the。
10.答案：ones
解析：考查代詞。some of后應用復數。故填ones。
　精深閱讀
Studying abroad may be exciting， but it is a little less exciting when you face all the cultural differences in a single day.
When I was in middle school， I decided to make a cultural exchange in Munich， Germany during my first year studying German. The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
As soon as we landed， we were greeted by the boys and girls who had been assigned to us. I was assigned to Alana， a typical German girl. When we were on the bus， we listened to some music and sang out loud， which are usually done during school trips by Italian kids. Being watched by all the German kids， we realized our behavior led to an abnormal climate for them.
What I feared most was that I had to face another culture all by myself. Once we arrived home， we introduced ourselves. At lunchtime， we decided to go to a restaurant in the area. Before entering the restaurant， Alana's father， Max， opened the door first for himself， and then he let us in. The first thing I thought was how rude it was， and then I knew that German males go in rooms first to make sure the place is safe， then let the women in.
After dinner， we saw a soccer match between German teams， and for the first time I realized how soccer is a very popular sport， just like in Italy. Totally different from the Italian culture， at 10：00 pm we were already in bed. This was my first time going to bed at that time. I rolled over in bed and couldn't get to sleep quickly.
This exchange made me realize the differences between cultures and how culture shock， which is only a concept students study at school， works， but especially I learned that what seems normal to me can be something very improper in another country， even if that country is just a few miles away.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加文化交流活動的經歷，提到了作者在其他文化中體驗到了不同的事物以及作者的感悟。
1.What can we know about the cultural exchange the author took part in？
A.It combined German culture with Italian culture.
B.It helped her learn about German kids' lifestyle.
C.Its aim was to teach Italian students standard German.
D.Its focus was on students with multicultural backgrounds.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The exchange ... the Italian culture.（這次交流包括在被分配的家庭度過十天，體驗德國孩子的生活和他們的行為，并觀察德國文化和意大利文化之間的異同。）”可知，作者參加的文化交流活動幫助她了解了德國孩子的生活方式。故選B。
2.What may the German kids think about singing out loud on the bus？
A.Understandable. B.Exciting.
C.Unwelcome. D.Funny.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Being watched ... led to an abnormal climate for them.（在所有德國孩子的注視下，我們意識到我們的行為給他們帶來了不正常的氛圍。）”可推知，德國的孩子們認為在公交車上大聲唱歌是不被接受的。故選C。
3.Why do German males go in rooms first according to the author？
A.To stress their leadership position in the family.
B.To protect the family from possible danger.
C.To order food for the family in advance.
D.To show respect for guests.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“The first thing ... then let the women in.（我首先想到的是這是多么粗魯，后來我才知道德國男性會先進去確保房間是安全的，然后才讓女性進去。）”可知，德國男性先進房間是為了保護家人免遭可能的危險。故選B。
4.What does the author draw from her experience？
A.Culture shock can be difficult to deal with.
B.Students should develop their adaptive ability.
C.Studying abroad can be beneficial in many ways.
D.Culture shock can be a common and normal phenomenon.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段“This exchange made me realize ... is just a few miles away.”可知，這次交流讓作者意識到了不同文化之間的差異，以及文化沖擊是如何起作用的。在自己看來正常的事情在另一個國家可能是非常不合適的，所以作者從她的經歷中得出的結論是文化沖擊可以是一種普遍而正常的現象。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
（一）熱詞
1.exchange n. 交流；交換
2.include v. 包括，包含
3.observe v. 觀察，注意到
4.greet v. 歡迎，迎接
5.shock n. 沖擊；令人震驚的事
（二）高頻短語
1.decide to do sth 決定做某事
2.similarities and differences between ... and ... ……和……之間的相似與不同之處
3.as soon as 一……就……
4.be assigned to 被分配給……
5.lead to 導致
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.That is the fundamental difference （differ） between the two societies.
2.This opera is one of the cultural （culture） totems of Western civilization.
3.She seemed totally （total） absorbed in her book.
（四）寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.We need to create a climate in which students can improve their studies.氛圍
2.It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip.正常的
3.The moment I saw her， I realized something was wrong. 意識到
（五）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1.Some people think it is impolite to ask someone's age.rude
2.Some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers.experience
3.It's becoming fashionable to have long hair again.popular
（六）長難句分析
　The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
句意：這次交流包括在被分配的家庭度過十天，體驗德國孩子的生活和他們的行為，并觀察德國文化和意大利文化之間的異同。
分析：句子主干為The exchange included spending ten days。at the home of the assigned family作地點狀語，不定式短語to experience ... 和to observe ... 作目的狀語；how和what均引導賓語從句。
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.For the first time （第一次）， I realized the importance of learning English.
2.We can see nearly everything happening thousands of miles away （千里之外） and communicate with people in different lands without leaving home.
（八）仿寫句子
　The results of their experiments have already been published. （現在完成時的被動語態）
仿寫：顯然，許多傳統節日已經代代相傳。
Clearly， many traditional festivals have been passed down for many generations.
課后課時作業（二）
較易題（占比50%）　中檔題（占比50%）　拔高題（占比0%）
題號 A B
難度 ★ ★★
閱讀
A
While English is getting more important in our schools， Chinese has become popular among foreign kids. But Chinese can be more difficult to learn. At least 16 year old Piao Chenglong thinks so. “English is easier for me. Chinese characters have too many strokes （筆畫），” said Piao. “But I want to learn it. I want to study at Beijing University when I grow up.” Piao is from Korea. He came to China in 2008.
In Korea， there are more than 300，000 Chinese learners like Piao. Some Korean students begin to learn to write the language on their first day at school. To help students learn Chinese， Korea holds speaking competitions for high school students every year.
Chinese isn't just popular in Korea. People from all the world want to learn it. The Ministry of Education of China says that nearly 130 million people from 85 countries are learning Chinese. This number will be increasing to 800 million in the coming years.
In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish. Some American middle schools have Chinese classes. Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots. Some even try to write and draw in the Chinese way！
People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country. Foreign countries want to understand China better to help them with business. The Chinese government is also helping the world learn Chinese. It has sent more than 200 Chinese teachers to more than 60 countries in the world. Many more Confucius Institutes （孔子學院） will be set up in the world. These institutes will teach Chinese to foreign students.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了隨著中國在世界上變得越來越重要，有越來越多的外國學生開始學習漢語。
1.Where does Piao Chenglong come from？
A.China. B.America.
C.Korea. D.Spain.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Piao is from Korea.”可知，樸成龍來自韓國。故選C。
2.According to the text， some American middle school students learn to do the following EXCEPT 　　　　.
A.making jiaozi
B.writing and drawing in the Chinese way
C.tying Chinese knots
D.singing Chinese songs
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“Students learn to make jiaozi ... in the Chinese way！”可知，一些美國中學生學習包餃子、打中國結、用中國的方式書寫和繪畫，沒有提到唱中文歌。故選D。
3.Why do foreign people want to learn Chinese？
A.Because Chinese is getting more important in their schools.
B.Because Chinese characters have too many strokes.
C.Because the number of people learning Chinese will be 800 million.
D.Because China is becoming more and more important in the world.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country.”可知，外國人想要學習漢語是因為中國正在世界上變得越來越重要。故選D。
4.Which of the following is the topic sentence for the text？
A.Chinese has become popular among foreign kids.
B.Chinese can be more difficult to learn.
C.In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish.
D.Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“While English is ... among foreign kids.”及下文內容可知，本文主要介紹了漢語在外國孩子中很受歡迎。故選A。
B
There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular， Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social status than to their inner qualities， while Westerners think the opposite. However， Socrates （Ancient Greek philosopher） and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal.
Both philosophers share several teachings in common； for example， their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good， knowledge； and only one evil， ignorance.” Similarly， Confucius said， “Isn't it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned？” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said： “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly， Confucius said， “When you know a thing， to hold you know it； when you don't know a thing， to allow you don't know it—this is knowledge.”
However， there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue （德行）. Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance， when asked how to govern a country， Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor， a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates， however， places self－knowledge over social knowledge.
Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination （支配）. Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn't through legal system， but through virtue. Socrates， by contrast， declared that “nothing is more important than justice”.
Why have East and West developed such different cultural values？ A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization， however， was nomadic （游牧的）. Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration.
In spite of their differences， the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了東西方兩位哲學家思想的不同與共同之處。
5.What do the two philosophers share about knowledge？
A.The learning of knowledge is easy.
B.The learning of knowledge is endless.
C.A man without knowledge is foolish.
D.A man shall not pretend to understand.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“But both also acknowledge ... this is knowledge.（但兩者也都承認知識的局限性。蘇格拉底說：‘我所知道的就是我一無所知。’孔子也說過：‘知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。’）”可知，兩個哲學家都認為知識的學習是無止境的。故選B。
6.Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality？
A.Nothing is more important than a legal system.
B.I am not a Chinese， but a citizen of the world.
C.Not everyone should play his own role in society.
D.A man does what is proper to the position he is in.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Everyone should play ... a subject should act like a subject.’”可知，孔子的思想即“君君臣臣，父父子子”，每個人都應該根據自己所處的位置扮演好自己的角色。故選D。
7.What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values？
A.The difference in political atmosphere.
B.The difference in the length of history.
C.The difference in economic development.
D.The difference in levels of social dependency.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“A widely accepted ... less dependent on society after migration.”可知，東方文明是一種農業文明，需要建立集體社會，而西方文明是游牧文明，對社會的依賴程度低。由此可推知，東西方價值觀的差異最本質的原因是對社會依賴程度的不同。故選D。
8.What is the passage mainly about？
A.Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures.
B.The introduction of great figures of two different cultures.
C.Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers.
D.The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要在介紹東西方兩位哲學家思想的不同與共同之處。故選C。
1.character/?k?r kt （r）/n. （漢）字；字體；人物
2.increasing/In?kri?sI?/adj. 逐漸增加的；越來越多的
3.reflect/rI?flekt/v. 反映；顯示；沉思；思考
4.harmony/?h??m ni/n. 融洽；和睦
5.attach importance to 重視；認為……重要
6.by contrast 相比之下；與之相比
　精深閱讀
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful， or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness， or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable； therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people， just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore， when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops， what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures， silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways， particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example， Russian， French， and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use， persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect， particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了不同文化中沉默的含義。
1.What does the author say about silence in conversations？
A.It implies anger.
B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture－specific.
D.It is content－based.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.”和“Silence may be viewed ... a person's needs.”可知，作者認為不同的文化群體對沉默的理解有所不同，所以作者認為談話中的沉默具有文化特異性。故選C。
2.What does the underlined word “gap” in the first paragraph mean？
A.缺口 B.隔閡
C.間隙 D.漏洞
答案：C
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable”可知，一些文化群體可能認為沉默極其令人不安；根據畫線詞所在句“therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation”可知，此句是提出沉默令人不安這一問題的解決方法，此處表示他們會通過談話填補間隙。畫線詞gap意為“間隙”。故選C。
3.What may be the best title for the text？
A.What It Means to Be Silent
B.Sound and Silence
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver； Silence Is Gold
答案：A
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據第一段可知，沉默的含義在不同的文化群體中有所不同，文章主要介紹了不同文化中沉默的含義，A項（沉默意味著什么）最適合作為文章標題。故選A。
4.Where is the passage probably taken from？
A.A guidebook.
B.A travel journal.
C.An official document.
D.A research magazine.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了不同文化中沉默的含義，即研究沉默在不同文化中的含義，所以本文有可能選自研究雜志。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
（一）熱詞
1.vary v. （使）不同，（使）呈現差異
2.thoughtful adj. 深思熟慮的；沉思的
3.extremely adv. 極度，非常
4.imply v. 暗示，暗指
5.reflection n. 深思，反省
（二）高頻短語
1.view ... as ... 把……視為……
2.be aware of 意識到，知道
3.come across 遇到
4.allow sb/sth to do sth 允許某人/某物做某事
5.assist in 協助
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.Old people are particularly （particular） vulnerable members of our society.
2.The police who broke into the house were only acting under instructions （instruct）.
3.Doctors have to lay their personal （person） feelings aside.
（四）寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.He was in his late eighties and had become the community's most respected elder.長者
2.Her relationship with her father isn't good， but she's very close to her mother.關系
3.She had already sold everything of value that she possessed.價值
（五）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1.Grammar information enables students to map the structure of a foreign language onto their own.construction
2.She is always bad－tempered， consequently doesn't have many friends.therefore
3.When the car was first built， the design was considered as highly original.viewed
（六）長難句分析
　However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.
句意：然而，墨西哥人在受到權威人士的指導時可能會保持沉默，而不是粗魯地與其爭論。
分析：句子主干為Mexicans may use silence，是“主謂賓”結構。rather than是并列連詞，use silence和 be rude to that person是并列關系。when引導時間狀語從句；by arguing with him or her作方式狀語。
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.She found herself in conflict with her parents （和她父母有沖突） over her future career.
2.She went to the bathroom， filled a glass with water （把杯子裝滿水）， and returned to the bed.
（八）仿寫句子
　She doesn't view herself as a success.（view ... as ...）
仿寫：我把這個機會視為一個人學習和成長的機會。
I view this opportunity as a chance to learn and grow as a person.
40(共167張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2　 BRIDGING CULTURES
單元主題：人與社會——文化溝通與交流
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
預習檢測 單詞打卡
自主學習 課文語篇
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業（一）
5
課后課時作業（二）
6
預習檢測 單詞打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1.tutor n._______________________________________
2.cite vt. _____________
3.messenger n. _________________
4.edition n. _______________________________________________________
（英國大學中的）助教；導師；家庭教師
引用；引述
送信人；信使
（報紙、雜志）一份；（廣播、電視節目） 一期、一輯；版次
二、高頻單詞：寫出英文單詞
1.　　　　　　 n. （通過考試或學習課程取得的）資格；學歷
2.　　　　　 n. 適應；改編本
3.　　　　 n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；撫慰
4.　　　　　vi. 參加；參與
5.　　　　　 vi. 參加；參與（活動）　vt. 吸引（ 注意力、興趣 ）
6.　　　　 vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影響；（使）參加
qualification
adaptation
comfort
participate
participate
involve
三、拓展單詞：寫出下列單詞的詞性轉換（可查字典）
1.complex adj. 復雜的；難懂的；（語法）復合的→　　　　　 n. 復雜性，錯綜復雜
2.ambition n. 追求的目標；夙愿；野心；抱負→　　　　　 adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→　　　　　　 adv. 雄心勃勃地；勁頭十足地；熱切地
3.presentation n. 報告；陳述；出示；拿出→　　　　 adj. 現在的；出席的　v. 提出；介紹
complexity
ambitious
ambitiously
present
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
recall [熟義] vt.& vi. ________________
[生義] v. 叫回（某人）；收回（有問題的產品）
五、核心短語：寫出英語表達
1.　　　　　　　　 參加；參與
2.　　　　　　　　 大聲點說；明確表態
3.　　　　　　　　 舒服自在；不拘束
4.　　　　　　　　 （使）從事；參與
5.　　　　　　　　 參與；卷入；與……有關聯
記起；回想起
participate in
speak up
feel at home
engage in
get involved in
自主學習　課文語篇
“WELCOME， XIE LEI！”
BUSINESS STUDENT BUILDING BRIDGES
“歡迎你，謝蕾！”
商科學生搭建文化交流的橋梁
課文三維剖析
1 連接并列謂語_____和__________
2　 It is the first time that ... 為固定句式，意為“第一次……”，主句謂語是一般過去時時，從句用__________時
3　疑問詞＋不定式，作動詞know的賓語
Six months ago， 19-year-old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and1 boarded a plane for London. It was the first time that she had left China.2
said
boarded
過去完成
“I was very excited but also quite nervous. I didn't know what to expect3，” Xie Lei recalled.
半年前，19歲的謝蕾告別家人和朋友，登上了飛往倫敦的班機。這是她第一次離開中國。“我很激動，也很緊張，不知道會發生什么。”謝蕾回憶道。
4　連接并列謂語is studying和has come to
5　名詞作_____
6　引導原因狀語從句
7　連接并列結構to learn和improve；improve前省略了____，二者皆作want的______
8　不定式短語作______
Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and4 has come to our university on a year-long exchange5 programme. “I chose the exchange programme because6 I wanted to learn about global business and7 improve my English. My ambition is to set up8 a business in China after graduation，” she explained.
定語
to
賓語
表語
謝蕾在中國一所大學攻讀商科，來我校參加為期一年的交流項目。“之所以選擇這個交流項目，是因為我想了解全球商務，并提高我的英語水平。我的志向是畢業后在中國創辦一家企業。”她解釋道。
9　and連接兩個“__________
_____________”結構，作learn的______
10　_______從句（省略引導詞__________），修飾things
11　引導__________從句
12　定語從句，修飾words
13　不定式短語作them的_____
At first， Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. “You have to get used to a whole new life，” she said. “I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things9 I didn't know the English names for10. When11 I got lost， I had to ask passers-by for help， but people here speak fast and use words I'm not familiar with12. I ask them to repeat themselves13 a lot！”
疑問詞＋
不定式短語
賓語
定語
that/which
時間狀語
賓補
起初，謝蕾不得不去適應異國他鄉的生活。“你必須習慣一種全新的生活。”她說，“我得學會使用公共交通，學會要到我不知道英文名稱的東西。迷路時，我得向路人求助，但是這里的人講話語速很快，而且使用的是我不熟悉的單詞。我老是讓他們重復！”
14　名詞作定語
15　不定式短語作_____
16　引導_____________從句，解釋說明____________
17　引導時間狀語從句
18　引導__________從句
19　定語從句，修飾________，省略引導詞that
Although some foreign students live in campus14 accommodation， Xie Lei chose to live with a host family15， who16 can help with her adaptation to the new culture. “When17 I miss home， I feel comforted to have a second family，” Xie Lei said. “When18 there's something I don't know or understand19， I can ask them. They are also keen to learn about China.
賓語
非限制性定語
a host family
時間狀語
something
20　Laura的_______
21　says的________從句
22　when引導__________從句
23　_____連詞，連接前后兩個分句
24　疑問詞＋不定式短語作_______
Laura， the daughter of my host family20， wants to study in China in the future. We take turns to cook each evening. They really love my stir－fried tomatoes and eggs！ Laura says she always feels hungry21　when she smells it22， so23 I taught her how to cook it24， too.“
同位語
賓語
時間狀語
并列
賓補
雖然一些留學生住在學校里，但是謝蕾選擇住在寄宿家庭，有助于她適應異國文化。“有第二個家，想家時我會得到些安慰。”謝蕾說。“當我有不知道或不理解的事情時，我可以咨詢他們。他們對中國也很感興趣，我房東的女兒勞拉將來想到中國求學。我們每晚輪流做飯，他們真的很愛吃我做的番茄炒蛋！勞拉說，每次聞到香味，她就感到饑腸轆轆，于是我教她做這道菜。”
25　引導___________從句
26　引導_______從句
27　______從句
28　__________從句
29　but 連接前后兩個that引導的_____從句
30　_____從句
31　引導原因狀語從句
32　______從句
33　不定式短語作_______
34　_______狀語
Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements. The first time that25 she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that26 she must acknowledge what other people had said27 if she cited their ideas28， but that29 he mainly wanted to know what she thought30！ Xie Lei was confused because31 she thought she knew less than other people32. Her tutor advised her to read lots of information33 in order to form34 a wise opinion of her own.
時間狀語
賓語
賓語
條件狀語
賓語
賓語
賓語
賓補
目的
謝蕾面臨的另一個挑戰是學業要求。她第一次寫論文時，導師跟她解釋說，如果引用別人的觀點就一定要注明，不過導師主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。謝蕾困惑不解，因為她覺得自己懂得沒有別人多。她的導師建議她廣泛閱讀文獻，形成自己睿智的觀點。
35　______從句
36　______狀語
37　need to do sth “需要做某事”。and和as well as 連接的五個不定式短語（后四個省略to），皆作need的______
38　idea的________從句
39　______從句
40　引導______從句
41　介詞短語作presentation的_________
Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class35as part of the final result36. Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations37. At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say38， but what surprised her39 was that40 she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. “ My presentation on traditional Chinese art41
賓語
方式
賓語
同位語
主語
表語
后置定語
42　______________從句，解釋說明________
43　（不帶to的）不定式短語作_______
was a great success，which boosted my confidence42，” she said. “I'll use these skills back home for presentations. They'll help me build a strong business43 in the future.”
非限制性定語
此外，謝蕾發現很多課程的最終成績都包含學生的課堂參與。學生需要形成觀點、提供例子、運用概念、提出問題，并且還要進行展示。剛開始，謝蕾不知道該說什么。但使她驚奇的是，沒過幾周，她就能在課堂上大膽發言了。“我的中國傳統藝術展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她說，“回國后，我會將這些技能運用到展示中，幫助我未來打造一家強大的企業。”
success
賓補
44　_______從句
45　___________作____語
46　as well as “除……之外，也”，后跟____________
47　連接兩個并列句
48 _________從句
Now halfway through her exchange year， Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK. What seemed strange before now44 appears quite normal to her. “Engaging in British culture45 has helped，” she said. “As well as studying hard46， I've been involved in social activities. British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it， so47 I'm keen to share my culture with them. While I'm learning about business48， I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us.”
主語
動名詞短語
主
動名詞短語
時間狀語
現在一年的交流時間已過半，謝蕾感到她在英國的學習和生活自如多了。以前看似奇怪的事情現在對她來說顯得十分平常了。“融入英國文化使我受益匪淺。”她說，“努力學習之余，我還參加了一些社交活動。英國人對我們的文化十分著迷，渴望了解更多中國文化，因此我也樂于同他們分享。我攻讀商科的同時也是一個文化使者，在中外文化之間架起了一座橋梁。”
We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later editions， but for now， we wish her all the best.
我們會在隨后的幾期中跟蹤報道謝蕾的進展情況，但現在我們祝她一切順利。
（一）填空并連線
閱讀領悟
learn about global business and improve English
a host family
how to use public transport
London
a cultural messenger
best wishes
how to cite others’ ideas and form her own opinion
Traditional Chinese art
（二）話題語塊
1._____________________________ 為期一年的交流項目
2.set up a business ______________
3.adapt to life _____________
4.be keen to do sth ___________
5._________________輪流做某事
6.stir－fried tomatoes and eggs _________
7._____________形成觀點
8._____________非常成功
9._________________ 文化使者
10.eager to do sth ___________
a year－long exchange programme
創辦一家企業
適應生活
渴望做某事
take turns to do sth
番茄炒蛋
generate ideas
a great success
a cultural messenger
渴望做某事
（三）高頻語法現象
1.名詞作定語
①足球賽因暴風雨而中斷。
__________________ was interrupted by a storm.
②在車間里，他放著一個工具箱，里面裝滿各種工具。
In the workshop， he keeps _________ filled with various tools.
The football match
a tool box
（三）高頻語法現象
1.名詞作定語
①足球賽因暴風雨而中斷。
________________ was interrupted by a storm.
②在車間里，他放著一個工具箱，里面裝滿各種工具。
In the workshop， he keeps _________ filled with various tools.
The football match
a tool box
2.介詞短語作后置定語
①我們看到了遠方的燈光。
We saw lights______________.
②觀光客常常破壞島上微妙的自然生態平衡。
Tourists often disturb the delicate balance ___________________.
3.疑問詞＋不定式（短語）作賓語/賓補
①我將告訴你如何安裝這個軟件。
I'll show you _______________________.
in the distance
of nature on the island
how to install the software
②你應該告訴你父親什么時候寫作業。
You should tell your father ________________________.
4.動名詞（短語）作主語
①隨著我們年齡的增長，學習變得越來越困難。
_________ becomes more and more difficult as we get older.
②自己有一臺計算機非常有用。
_______________________ is very useful.
when to do the homework
Learning
Having your own computer
5.and，but和so連接并列句
①陽光透過窗戶照進來，一切看起來那么明亮。
The sunshine comes in through the window__________________________.
②我并不想催你，但二十分鐘后我們就要關門了。
I don't want to hurry you ___________________________.
③他沒有告訴你真相，所以不要被他騙了。
He didn't tell you the truth，_______________________.
and everything looks so bright
but we close in twenty minutes
so don't be taken in by him
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
1.qualification n. （通過考試或學習課程取得的）資格；學歷（教材P14）
qualify vt.& vi. （使）具備資格；（使）合格
qualified adj. 有資格的；能勝任的
gain/acquire/obtain qualifications 獲得資格
without qualification 無條件地
have （no） qualifications for （doing） sth （沒）有（做）某事的資格
have （no） qualifications to do sth （沒）有做某事的資格
qualify （sb/sth） as ... （使某人/某物）有資格擔任/成為……
qualify sb for sth 使某人有資格獲得某物
be qualified to do sth 有資格做某事
be qualified for ... 有……的資格；可勝任……
①In this job， experience counts for more than paper qualifications.
擔任這項工作，經驗比文憑更重要。（應用文寫作之通知）
②（全國乙卷）She qualified as a surgeon in 1813， then joined the British Army， serving overseas.
她于1813年獲得外科醫生資格，然后加入英國軍隊，在海外服役。
③Since I have worked as a volunteer in different activities， I believe that I am qualified to fill the position you advertised for.
因為我擔任過不同活動的志愿者，所以我相信我能勝任您所招聘的職位。（應用文寫作之申請信）
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①She was chosen for the job on the basis of her ______________（qualify）.
②A person with an appreciation of art and literature is qualified ____ the job.
【學會表達】完成句子
③我們的父母也在逐漸成長為合格的父親和母親，所以有時候我們需要理解并原諒他們。（應用文寫作之建議信）
Our parents are still growing into _________________________， so we need to understand and forgive them sometimes.
④經過7年的學習，約翰獲得了當醫生的資格。
After 7 years of study， John __________________________________ to become a doctor.
qualifications
for
qualified fathers and mothers
gained/acquired/obtained qualifications
2.adaptation n. 適應；改編本（教材P14）
adapt vt.& vi. （使）適應　vt. 改寫，改編
adaptable adj. 能適應的，有適應能力的
adapt （oneself） to ... （使某人）適應……
be adapted for .../from ... 改編成……/改編自……
①Evolution occurs as a result of adaptation to new environments.
進化是適應新環境的結果。
②It is the species that are most adaptable to change that survive.
生存下來的是最能適應變化的物種。
③The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily to new environments.
孩子們很容易適應新的環境，這對他們來說是一件好事。
【易混辨析】
adapt v. （使）適應；使適合；改編；改造；修改
adapt to new market 適應新市場
adapt this novel 改編這本小說
adopt v. 采取，采納；收養
adopt an idea 采納觀點
adopt a child 收養一個孩子
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①To ensure success，it is important to be ____________ and make necessary ___________ to changing. （adapt）
【學會表達】翻譯
②這部劇是根據小說改編的，但導演對故事情節做了重大改動。
__________________________________________________________________________________
③我決不會采用他的任何一個方法。
___________________________________________
adaptable
adaptations
The play was adapted from the novel， but the director made significant changes to
the storyline.
In no way am I going to adopt any of his methods.
3.comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；撫慰（教材P14）
comfortable adj. 舒服的；舒適的
comfortably adv. 舒服地，安逸地
discomfort n. 不適　vt. 使不舒服
uncomfortable adj. 不舒適的；不自在的
uncomfortably adv. 不舒服地；令人不安地
take/draw comfort from/in 從/在……中得到安慰
in comfort 舒適地
comfort sb for sth 因某事而安慰某人
comfort oneself/sb with sth 用某物安慰自己/某人
①The gentle breeze stroked his head as if comforting all his tiredness.
微風輕撫著他的頭，仿佛在安慰他所有的疲憊。（讀后續寫之環境描寫）
②（新課標Ⅱ卷）I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
我一直在幫助動物園的熊貓飼養員感覺更舒服、更自信地說英語。
③The kitten had settled comfortably in her arms and was purring enthusiastically.
小貓舒服地臥在她懷里，起勁地打著呼嚕。（讀后續寫之動物描寫）
④You can take some comfort in the fact that you did your best.
你已經盡力了，這一點可以讓你感到安慰。
⑤Surely there is some way of ordering our busy lives so that we can live in comfort and find spiritual harmony too.
一定會有辦法把我們繁忙的生活安排得既舒適又能找到內心的平靜。
【小小語義場】表示安慰與鼓勵的相關短語
pat sb on the shoulder 拍拍某人的肩膀
hold/take sb in one's arms 把某人擁在懷里
throw one's arms around sb tightly without hesitation 毫不猶豫地緊緊擁抱某人
cast a comforting glance at sb 安慰地看了某人一眼
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I know she goes out a lot at night， but I take comfort _____ the fact that she's always with friends.
②She comforted __________（she） with the thought that it would soon be spring.
【學會表達】翻譯
③I became uncomfortably aware that the people at the next table were watching me.
________________________________________
④Be the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.
__________________________________________
⑤她好不容易才把身體轉為一個比較舒服的姿勢。
___________________________________________________________
from
herself
我意識到旁桌的人在看我，感到很不自在。
先天下之憂而憂，后天下之樂而樂。
With difficulty， she rolled her body into a more comfortable position.
4.participate vi. 參加；參與（教材P15）
participation n. 參加；參與
participant n. 參加者；參與者
participate in 參加；參與
①When holidays came， there were Yangko and stilt shows with people eager to participate.
過節時會有人們渴望參加的扭秧歌、踩高蹺表演。
②Looking forward to your active participation.
期待你的積極參與。（應用文寫作之邀請信）
③All participants will gather at the school gate at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
所有參加者明天早上8點鐘在校門口集合。（應用文寫作之通知）
④In order to encourage students to actively participate in sports， our school held a basketball game in the school gym last Saturday afternoon.
為了鼓勵學生積極參加體育運動，我們學校上周六下午在學校體育館舉辦了一場籃球比賽。（應用文寫作之報道）
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①When I saw your volunteer recruitment information， I had no hesitation in applying for it for I really want to participate ___ this activity. （應用文寫作之申請信）
②As an active _____________（participate） in various volunteer work， I have a lot of experience in serving others. （應用文寫作之申請信）
in
participant
【學會表達】完成句子
③老師鼓勵學生更多地參與班級決策。
Teachers encourage students ____________________________ class decision－making.
④我很沮喪，因為我沒有進入全國歌唱大賽，我一直很想參加這個比賽。（讀后續寫之心理描寫）
I'm frustrated at not entering into the national singing competition，_____________
__________________________.
to have more participation in
which I have
long wanted to participate in
5.engage vi. 參加；參與（活動）　vt. 吸引（注意力、興趣）；雇用，聘請（教材P15）
engaged adj. 已訂婚的；忙于……的；從事……的；被占用的
engagement n. 約定；預約；訂婚
engage in （使）從事；參與
engage sb to do 聘請某人做某事
engage sb as 聘請某人為……；聘請某人擔任……
engage sb's interests/attention 吸引某人的興趣/注意力
be/get engaged to sb 和某人訂婚
be/get engaged in/on sth 忙于/從事某事
①I tried to reach him， but the line was engaged.
我嘗試過聯系他，但電話占線。
②She will be unable to attend the meeting because of a prior engagement.
因事先有別的安排，她將無法出席該會議。
③We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell the stories of China well.
我們應該提高參與國際交流的能力，講好中國故事。（文化自信）
④He was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg.
他曾在薩爾茨堡擔任宮廷音樂家。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①For the past three years， I have been engaged ______ chairman of the Student Union in our school.
②It is a traditional custom of a man giving betrothal gift （聘禮） to a woman when they get __________（engage）， which still exists in modern Chinese society.
as
engaged
【學會表達】完成句子
③如果一本書的前幾頁不能引起我的興趣，我通常不會繼續讀下去。
If a book doesn't ______________________________________， I don't usually continue reading it.
④一項調查顯示，參加課外活動的高中生比不參加課外活動的高中生更快樂。
A survey shows that senior high students __________________________________
are happier than those who are not.
engage my interest in the first few pages
who are engaged in after school activities
6.involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影響；（使） 參加；使卷入（教材P15）
involved adj. 參與的；有關聯的；復雜的；專心于……的
involvement n. 參加；參與；沉迷
involve doing sth 包含/需要做某事
involve ... in ... 使……卷入……；使……參與……
involve with sb 與某人有密切關系
get/be/become involved with/in 參與/涉及……；專注于……
①Her job involves filing and other general office work.
她的工作包括歸檔和其他一般的辦公室工作。
②Students should involve themselves actively in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
學生們應該積極參加社區活動，在那里他們能夠獲得成長的經驗。（應用文寫作之建議信）
③She's been involved with animal rights for many years.
多年來，她一直致力于保護動物的權利。（人物介紹）
④No matter what you like to do， there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day.
無論你喜歡做什么，總有一個方法可以讓你參與地球日的各種活動。（應用文寫作之倡議書）
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I don't want to do anything that will involve me ___ a long-term commitment.
②They said that the job would involve ___________（travel） to Paris.
③She was very involved ________ sports at college， and her studies suffered.
Travel(l)ing
with/in
in
【學會表達】翻譯
④她在日常生活中要接觸很多人。
______________________________________
⑤所有的老師和學生都積極參加了越野跑比賽。（應用文寫作之報道）
_________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Her daily life involved meeting lots of people.
All the teachers and students got actively involved in/with the cross－country
running race.
1.complex adj. 復雜的；難懂的；（語法）復合的→complexity n. 復雜性，錯綜復雜
In order to explain complex science to a lay audience， scientists and journalists are prone to progressively downplay the complexity.
為了向外行的聽眾解釋復雜的科學，科學家和新聞記者越來越傾向于減少復雜程度。
2.ambition n. 追求的目標；夙愿；野心；抱負→ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的→ambitiously adv. 雄心勃勃地；勁頭十足地；熱切地
When I was young I never had any ambition. But my brother was ambitious and he always ambitiously did whatever he wanted to do.
年輕的時候，我從來沒有任何抱負。但是我哥哥雄心勃勃，他總是勁頭十足地做任何他想做的事。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①I was astonished by the size and __________（complex） of the problem.
②With everything changing for the better， I have become more motivated and a lot more ____________（ambition）.
【學會表達】翻譯
③他是個極其復雜的人。
______________________________
④如果你想實現你的抱負，你必須努力工作，做好充分的準備。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
complexity
ambitious
He was an unusually complex man.
If you want to achieve/realize/fulfill your ambition， you must work hard and get
fully prepared.
recall
[熟義]vt.& vi. 記起；回想起
[生義]v. ____________________________________
①He had a good memory， and could totally recall her spoken words.
他的記憶力很好，能完全回憶出她說過的話。
②Both countries recalled their ambassadors.
兩個國家都召回了各自的大使。
叫回（某人）；收回（有問題的產品）
③The company said it was recalling one of its drugs and had stopped selling two others.
該公司說它正在收回它的一種藥品，而且已經停售了另外兩種藥品。
【學會運用】同義詞替換
①I can't recall meeting her before. ____________
remember
【學會表達】翻譯
②The company recalled thousands of jars of baby food after a health crisis.
________________________________________________
③我回想起我們第一次見面的那一天，那是一個陽光明媚的下午，我們聊得很開心。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在一次健康危機后，該公司收回了數千罐嬰兒食品。
I recalled the day when we first met； it was a sunny afternoon and we had a great
conversation.
探究二　短語
speak up 大聲點說；明確表態（教材P15）
up其他相關短語：
put up 建造；舉起；張貼
eat up 吃光；耗盡
cut up 切碎；使傷心
fix up 修理；安頓；安排
set up 建立；設立
cheer up 高興起來，（使）振作
hang up 掛斷電話；擱置；拖延
bring up 養育；撫養；養大
①We will speak up for our rights and hope to bring change through our voices.
我們將為我們的權利大聲疾呼，希望通過我們的聲音帶來改變。
②（全國甲卷）I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.
我已經搬過很多次家了，我總是喜歡使我的房間個性化并掛上照片。
③Don't eat up all the cake！ Save some for the others.
別把蛋糕全吃光了！給其他人留一些。
④I've fixed up （for us） to go to the theatre next week.
我已安排好（我們）下周去看戲。
⑤My own mother was brought up very strictly and correctly.
我自己的母親從小就受到嚴格且正確的教育。
【學會運用】選詞填空（bring up/speak up/cheer up）
①Instead， we should keep thinking all the time and ________ if we think there are mistakes in our teachers' words or in books.
②Don't disappoint your friends who help you __________ from despair.
③Many women still take career breaks to ________ children.
speak up
cheer up
bring up
【學會表達】翻譯
④他們搭起帳篷，安歇下來過夜。
____________________________________________
⑤我稍后給你回電話，現在先掛斷。
____________________________________
They put up their tents and settled down for the night.
I'll call you back later， just hang up now.
探究三　長難句分析
　1.I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for.（教材P14）
我得學會使用公共交通，學會要到我不知道英文名稱的東西。
【分析】　句子主干為I had to learn ...，是“主謂賓”結構。and連接兩個并列賓語：how to use public transport 和 how to ask for things，且兩個并列賓語是“疑問詞＋不定式”結構；I didn’t know the English names for是省略了that/which的定語從句，修飾things。
疑問詞＋不定式結構：
除了作賓語，也可作主語、賓補或表語。疑問詞包括疑問代詞 （who， whom， what， which） 和疑問副詞（when， where， how， why）
能接此結構作賓語的常見動詞（短語）有： tell， show， teach， learn， know， wonder， discuss， remember， forget， find out等
可轉換為從句
①I really don't know what to write about. （作賓語）
我實在不知道該寫些什么。
②Where to hold the meeting is not known yet. （作主語）
在哪里開會還不知道呢。
③Our teacher advised us which to choose as after school activities. （作賓補）
我們老師建議我們選擇哪一個作為課外活動。
④We must first solve the problem of whom to serve.（疑問詞＋不定式）
＝We must first solve the problem of whom we serve.（賓語從句）
我們必須首先解決為誰服務的問題。
【學會運用】語境填空
①I am scared that I don't know ____________________________（在公眾面前做些什么）. In the past few days， I was still learning _____________（如何跳舞） from the teacher of our school.
【學會表達】一句多譯
②為了應付生活，你需要學習如何應對生活中的艱辛。
In order to cope with life， you need to learn_______________________________.
＝In order to cope with life， you need to learn_____________________________
_______.
what to do in front of the public
how to deal with the hardships of life
how you deal with the hardships
of life
how to dance
2.The first time that she had to write an essay， her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas， but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought！（教材P14）
她第一次寫論文時，導師跟她解釋說，如果引用別人的觀點就一定要注明，不過導師主要是想知道她自己是怎么想的。
【分析】　the first time that ... 意為“第一次……時”，that在句中引導時間狀語從句，也可省略；本句主干為her tutor explained＋that從句，由but連接兩個that引導的賓語從句。what other people had said是acknowledge的賓語從句，if引導條件狀語從句。what she thought是know的賓語從句。當某一動詞后接兩個或兩個以上的由 that 引導的賓語從句時，第一個that 可以省略，但第二個及以后的賓語從句的引導詞 that 均不能省略。
（1）常見引導時間狀語從句的名詞（短語）：
the moment/minute/second/instant ... 等，意為“一……就……”（＝as soon as ...）
every time /each time/（the） next time/the day等
（2）賓語從句中不能省略that的其他情況：
it作形式賓語
that引導的賓語從句中主語為that或this
主句與that引導的賓語從句之間有插入語
①The first time （that） I visited Zhangjiajie， I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.
我第一次游覽張家界時，就被它美麗的景色深深打動了。（景點描寫）
②The moment I closed my eyes， I fell asleep.
我一閉上眼睛就睡著了。
③Every time she heard his name， she dissolved into tears.
每當聽到他的名字時，她都禁不住淚流滿面。
④He said （that） he would go to a tennis competition and that he wanted me to go with him.
他說他要去看網球比賽，并且想讓我跟他一起去。
⑤We all consider it important that children should drink plenty of milk as they grow.
我們都認為孩子在長身體時應該多喝牛奶，這很重要。
⑥They told me that this was what they wanted.
他們告訴我這就是他們想要的。
【學會運用】選詞填空（every time/the moment）
①I unpacked my bags ___________ I arrived.
②__________ they went dancing they ended up in a bad mood.
the moment
Every time
【學會表達】翻譯
③現在她對這首詩表現出了極大的興趣，但是在她第一次讀它時，她認為它很無聊。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
④他告訴我他媽媽病了，他必須在醫院照顧她。
_________________________________________________________________________________
She shows great interest in this poem now， but she thought it very boring the first
time （that） she read it.
He told me （that） his mother was ill and that he had to take care of her in the
hospital.
3.Students need to generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， and raise questions， as well as give presentations.（教材P15）
學生需要形成觀點、提供例子、運用概念、提出問題，并且還要進行展示。
【分析】　本句主干為Students need to do sth，為“主謂賓”結構；其中generate ideas， offer examples， apply concepts， raise questions， give presentations為并列賓語，由and和as well as 連接。as well as 意為“以及；既……又……；除了……之外，還有……”。
as well as用來連接兩個相同成分，如名詞、形容詞、動詞、介詞、分詞等，意為“和，以及”，通常不位于句首，此時強調的重點在其前面
as well as位于句首時，意為“除了……之外，還有……”，其后可接名詞、動名詞等
當as well as連接并列主語時，謂語動詞須和as well as前面的主語在數上保持一致
①Responsibility and reliability are necessary qualifications， as well as a friendly and outgoing personality.
責任感和可靠性是必需的素質，友善和外向的性格也必不可少。（應用文寫作之招募啟事）
②As well as a good academic record， I look for people who've climbed mountains or been captain of a team.
除了良好的學習成績外，我還會尋找曾經爬過山或當過團隊隊長的人。
③The talent player， as well as her parents， was surrounded by the reporters.
這位天才選手和她的父母被記者們圍起來了。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He as well as I ______（be） satisfied with the contest result yesterday.
②As well as _______（sing） some classic music， she sings pop music very well.
【學會表達】翻譯
③人生在世，總是有苦有甜。
___________________________________________________
④學生和他們的家人，以及學校的工作人員和老師聚在一起參加了這次活動。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
was
You will always have the bad as well as the good in the world.
singing
Students and their families， as well as school staff and teachers， came together
to join in the activity.
對點練習 鞏固所學
維度一　高頻詞匯
（一）寫出下列單詞和短語的英文
1.________vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影響；（使）參加
2.__________ n. 適應；改編本
3._________ n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　vt. 安慰；撫慰
4.____________ n. （通過考試或學習課程取得的）資格；學歷
5.___________ v. 參加；參與
6.__________ （使）從事；參與
7.____________ 舒服自在；不拘束
involve
adaptation
comfort
qualification
participate
engage in
feel at home
8.___________ 參加；參與
9.______________ 參與；卷入；與……有關聯
10.________大聲點說；明確表態
（二）寫出下列句子中加黑部分的漢語釋義
1.I knew very well that the problem was more complex than he supposed.________
2.The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers. ______
3.This recipe is an adaptation of an old favourite. _________
4.I admire the clear， logical presentation of her arguments. _____
5.It is a movie that engages both the mind and the eye. _______
participate in
get involved in
speak up
復雜的
收回
改編本
陳述
吸引
維度二　語境運用
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.Decide when ________（turn） back or take a break to prevent accidents and ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.
2.After a whirlwind romance the couple announced their ____________（engage） in July.
to turn
engagement
3.Given the overall benefits of learning an instrument or participating ___a choir， engaging in such a cognitive stimulator as we age could be beneficial.
4.It makes no difference to me ______ we shall spend our holiday， for what I need is only relaxation.
5.My starting salary as a newly _________（qualify） teacher wasn't enough to support a family.
in
where
qualified
（四）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的加黑部分
cite， recall， participate， presentation， ambition
1.Don't quote me on this， but I think he is going to resign.____
2.He has never had any aspiration to earn a lot of money. _______
3.Their report put ours to shame. ____________
4.I'd like to invite you to join in our Chinese Culture activity. __________
5.He remembered that she always came home late on Wednesdays. _______
cite
ambition
presentation
participate
recalled
維度三　能力提升
（五）長難句分析
Tourists may come across an area in which golden snub nosed monkeys that are ill or injured are treated before they go back into the forest.
分析：句子主干是 ____________________________。in which是“介詞＋關系代詞”引導______從句，修飾限定area；that引導定語從句，修飾_________；before引導_________從句。
Tourists may come across an area
定語
monkeys
時間狀語
（六）句型轉換
1.An expert can show you how to use the different types of equipment.（賓語從句）
→An expert can show you__________________________________________.
2.As soon as he got inside， the dog shook himself.
→______________________________ he got inside， the dog shook himself.
how you can use the different types of equipment
The moment/minute/second/instant
維度四　素養提升
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.As a child he was very much an outsider， never _______________________
___________（參加） the games other children played.
2.We'll all do our best to ____________________（使你舒服自在）.
3.Girls are more likely _____________________（經常發言） and make significant contributions to class.
participating in/engaging in/
involving in
make you feel at home
to speak up frequently
（八）翻譯
1.我第一次在公共場合發表演講時很焦慮。（the first time 作連詞）
____________________________________________________________
2.最后，健談的人很清楚如何處理爭論的場合。（疑問詞＋不定式作賓語）
_________________________________________________________________
The first time （that） I delivered a speech in public I was quite anxious.
Finally， good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of argument.
課后課時作業（一）
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★ ★★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
Body language is no doubt the quiet， secret and most powerful language of all！ It speaks 　1　 than words. According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize. In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean， and body language is particularly 　4　 when we attempt to communicate across cultures.
Indeed， what is called body language is so much a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur because of it. 　5　， different societies treat the distance between people 　6　. Northern Europeans usually do not like having body 　7　 even with friends， and certainly not with 　8　. People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot. Therefore， it's possible that in conversation， it may look like a Latino is 　9　 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer. But the Norwegian， very probably seeing this as pushiness， will keep stepping backward， which the Latino will regard as 　11　.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在跨文化交際時肢體語言的重要性。
Clearly， a great deal is going on when people 　12　. And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties （當事人） are from different cultures， there's a strong possibility of 　13　. But whatever the situation is， the best 　14　 is to obey the Golden Rule： behave to others as you would like to be 　15　.
1.A.louder B.safer
C.harder D.further
解析：loud 大聲的；safe 安全的；hard 努力的；further 更進一步的。根據下文“According to specialists， our bodies send out more 　2　 than we realize.”可知，此處指肢體語言比語言表達更有力。故選A。
2.A.sounds B.invitations
C.interests D.messages
解析：句意：根據專家的說法，我們的身體發出的信息比我們意識到的要多。sound 聲音；invitation 邀請；interest 興趣；message 信息。故選D。
3.A.hands out B.takes up
C.shows off D.goes over
解析：hand out 分發；take up 占據；從事；show off 炫耀；go over 復習。根據本句中的“non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，此處指非語言交際傳達的信息約占我們真正表達信息的一半。故選B。
4.A.immediate B.dependent
C.important D.difficult
解析：immediate 立即的；dependent 依賴的；important 重要的；difficult 困難的。根據上文“In fact， non－verbal communication 　3　 about 50% of what we really mean”可知，非語言交際傳達的信息約占我們真正表達信息的一半，所以此處指肢體語言對于交流很重要。故選C。
5.A.As a result B.For example
C.What's more D.In short
解析：as a result 結果；因此；for example 例如；what‘s more 而且；in short 總之。根據上文“attempt to communicate across cultures”和“misunderstandings occur because of it”以及下文舉例可知，此處是對上文跨文化交際會產生誤解的舉例說明。故選B。
6.A.excitedly B.differently
C.comfortably D.confidently
解析：句意：例如，不同的社會群體對待人與人之間的距離是不同的。故選B。
7.A.weight B.pose
C.contact D.stress
解析：根據上文“different societies treat the distance between people 　6　”以及下文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”可知，此處指和拉丁美洲人相比，北歐人不喜歡身體上的接觸。故選C。
8.A.strangers B.relatives
C.neighbours D.enemies
解析：stranger 陌生人；relative 親戚；neighbour 鄰居；enemy 敵人。根據上文“do not like having body 　7　 even with friends”可知，此處指當然更不用說和陌生人有身體上的接觸了。故選A。
9.A.disturbing B.helping
C.guiding D.following
解析：根據上文“People from Latin American countries， on the other hand， touch each other quite a lot.”以及下文“a Norwegian all over the room”可知，北歐人想保持距離，拉美人想要通過肢體接觸來表示友好，所以會一直跟著挪威人滿屋子轉。故選D。
10.A.reveal B.predict
C.express D.assess
解析：reveal 揭示；顯示；predict 預言；預計；express 表達；表露；assess 估計；評價。根據下文“friendship， will keep moving closer”可知，拉美人會通過近距離接觸來表達友誼。故選C。
11.A.weakness B.carelessness
C.friendliness D.coldness
解析：weakness 弱點；carelessness 粗心；friendliness 友好；coldness 冷漠。根據上文“The Latino， trying to 　10　 friendship， will keep moving closer.”可知，拉美人通過近距離接觸來表達友誼，所以挪威人不斷后退就會被拉美人當成是一種冷漠。故選D。
12.A.talk B.shout
C.laugh D.think
解析：根據下文“And only a part of it is in the words themselves.”可知，此處指在人們談話的時候，會傳達很多信息。故選A。
13.A.curiosity B.anger
C.misunderstanding D.nervousness
解析：句意：當雙方來自不同的文化背景時，很有可能會產生誤解。curiosity 好奇心；anger 憤怒；misunderstanding 誤解；nervousness 緊張。故選C。
14.A.chance B.time
C.influence D.advice
解析： chance 機會；時機；time 時間；influence 影響；advice 建議。根據下文“obey the Golden Rule”以及語境可知，此處指最好的建議。故選D。
15.A.noticed B.treated
C.respected D.pleased
解析：根據上文“behave to others as you would like to be”可知，此處指你希望怎樣被對待，那就怎樣對待別人。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
For most people traveling abroad， their first choice is probably to make a beeline for （直奔） tourist sights. For me， I find lots of joy in grocery shopping on holiday.
As a vegetarian， finding restaurants that meet my needs is not always easy abroad.
　1　 The first thing I do， after dropping my bags off， is to go to a grocery store. That enables me to cook breakfast in the morning without walking around for hours trying to find “vegan breakfast” near me.
The variety of foods attracts me every time I travel somewhere new. In Malta， I found the most delicious chocolate－filled cakes， a product I would struggle to find even in the UK. 　2　 I was so delighted that I could enjoy such an unexpected treat. Another surprise was their selection of ice cream available even in the smallest grocery stores.
　3　 Looking for smoked tofu and corn pancakes turns into quite a mission whenever I visit Cluj－Napoca in Romania. There is usually only one variety of smoked tofu， sold in a very small tub （食品盒） and only in the cafeteria section. 　4　 That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.
Grocery shopping on holiday sounds unusual. But it means being involved in the day-to-day lives of a country's citizens. I can pretend I am a local and put myself in their shoes. I can watch kids begging their parents for sweets， an international experience that needs no language， or watch couples pick up snacks and drinks for a party on a Friday night. 　5__　
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者作為一名素食主義者，在旅行過程中喜歡去當地的食品雜貨店購物，并通過購物體驗當地市民的日常生活。作者認為這是一個有趣而且可以讓自己像當地人一樣融入當地文化的做法。
A.I ended up eating these every day for breakfast.
B.The challenge of finding food is interesting， too.
C.So I always make sure to book a place with a kitchen.
D.Grocery shopping was a vital part of the holiday experience.
E.It's an act of understanding people as much as of buying food.
F.Corn pancakes always require a trip to the bigger grocery store.
G.By wandering around in a new country， I start to see what they value.
1．答案：C
解析：根據前文“As a vegetarian ... always easy abroad.”可知，作者是一名素食主義者，因此在旅游時找到滿足自己需求的餐館并不容易。C項（所以我總是確保預訂一個帶廚房的地方。）承接前文，符合語境。故選C。
2．答案：A
解析：根據前文“In Malta ... in the UK.”可知，作者發現了一種美味的巧克力夾心蛋糕。A項（后來我每天早餐都吃這個。）承接前文，其中的these指代前文的chocolate－filled cakes。故選A。
3．答案：B
解析：根據后文“Looking for ... in Romania.”可知，此處指作者喜歡在旅游過程中尋找食物。B項（尋找食物的挑戰也很有趣。）引出后文。故選B。
4．答案：F
解析：根據后文“That is because they are never available at the smaller ones.”可知，它們在較小的商店里永遠都買不到。F項（玉米煎餅總是需要去大一點的雜貨店購買。）引出后文。故選F。
5．答案：E
解析：根據前文“But it means being involved in ... a Friday night.”可知，通過購物可以體驗當地市民的日常生活。E項（這既是一種購買食品的行為，也是一種理解他人的方式。）承接前文，指出通過購物可以讓自己像當地人一樣融入當地文化的做法。故選E。
Ⅲ　語法填空
（浙江高考1月）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family size this and multi buy that. However， if you're shopping for one， buying extra 　1　 （benefit） from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 　2　 you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
Of course， shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 　3　 will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities， that's 　4　 they'll promote. But that leaves the solo （單獨） customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “ buy one get one free ” promotions because of the 　5　 （criticize） that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However， though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages， it would help even more if they could sometimes 　6　 （offer） in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce， then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years， some supermarkets 　7　 （start） selling chicken or salad in packs 　8　 （design） with two halves containing separate portions （份）. Then， when you use one section， 　9　 other stays fresh.
Who knows， perhaps some of the more forward looking 　10　 （one） may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了商家各式各樣的促銷手段。
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
1．答案：to benefit
解析：考查非謂語動詞。設空處指多買一件來享受降價，應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填to benefit。
2．答案：or
解析：考查連詞。either ... or ... 為固定搭配，意為“要么……要么……”。故填or。
3．答案：that/which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞為way，指物，在從句中作主語。故填that/which。
4．答案：what
解析：考查表語從句的連接詞。設空處引導表語從句，在從句中作promote的賓語，意為“……的事物”。故填what。
5．答案：criticism
解析：考查詞性轉換。根據設空前的定冠詞the可知，設空處應用名詞作賓語，criticism意為“批評”，為不可數名詞。故填criticism。
6．答案：be offered
解析：考查動詞的語態和情態動詞。主語they指代前文中的sausages，與動詞offer之間為被動關系，且情態動詞could后應用動詞原形。故填be offered。
7．答案：have started
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語Over the last two years可知，句子應用現在完成時；主語some supermarkets為復數，助動詞應用have。故填have started。
8．答案：designed
解析：考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語packs與動詞design之間為被動關系，應用過去分詞作后置定語。故填designed。
9．答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。one ... the other ... 為固定搭配，意為“一個……，另外一個……”。故填the。
10．答案：ones
解析：考查代詞。some of后應用復數。故填ones。
Studying abroad may be exciting， but it is a little less exciting when you face all the cultural differences in a single day.
When I was in middle school， I decided to make a cultural exchange in Munich， Germany during my first year studying German. The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
精深閱讀
As soon as we landed， we were greeted by the boys and girls who had been assigned to us. I was assigned to Alana， a typical German girl. When we were on the bus， we listened to some music and sang out loud， which are usually done during school trips by Italian kids. Being watched by all the German kids， we realized our behavior led to an abnormal climate for them.
What I feared most was that I had to face another culture all by myself. Once we arrived home， we introduced ourselves. At lunchtime， we decided to go to a restaurant in the area. Before entering the restaurant， Alana's father， Max， opened the door first for himself， and then he let us in. The first thing I thought was how rude it was， and then I knew that German males go in rooms first to make sure the place is safe， then let the women in.
After dinner， we saw a soccer match between German teams， and for the first time I realized how soccer is a very popular sport， just like in Italy. Totally different from the Italian culture， at 10：00 pm we were already in bed. This was my first time going to bed at that time. I rolled over in bed and couldn't get to sleep quickly.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加文化交流活動的經歷，提到了作者在其他文化中體驗到了不同的事物以及作者的感悟。
This exchange made me realize the differences between cultures and how culture shock， which is only a concept students study at school， works， but especially I learned that what seems normal to me can be something very improper in another country， even if that country is just a few miles away.
1.What can we know about the cultural exchange the author took part in？
A.It combined German culture with Italian culture.
B.It helped her learn about German kids' lifestyle.
C.Its aim was to teach Italian students standard German.
D.Its focus was on students with multicultural backgrounds.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“The exchange ... the Italian culture.（這次交流包括在被分配的家庭度過十天，體驗德國孩子的生活和他們的行為，并觀察德國文化和意大利文化之間的異同。）”可知，作者參加的文化交流活動幫助她了解了德國孩子的生活方式。故選B。
2.What may the German kids think about singing out loud on the bus？
A.Understandable. B.Exciting.
C.Unwelcome. D.Funny.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Being watched ... led to an abnormal climate for them.（在所有德國孩子的注視下，我們意識到我們的行為給他們帶來了不正常的氛圍。）”可推知，德國的孩子們認為在公交車上大聲唱歌是不被接受的。故選C。
3.Why do German males go in rooms first according to the author？
A.To stress their leadership position in the family.
B.To protect the family from possible danger.
C.To order food for the family in advance.
D.To show respect for guests.
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“The first thing ... then let the women in.（我首先想到的是這是多么粗魯，后來我才知道德國男性會先進去確保房間是安全的，然后才讓女性進去。）”可知，德國男性先進房間是為了保護家人免遭可能的危險。故選B。
4.What does the author draw from her experience？
A.Culture shock can be difficult to deal with.
B.Students should develop their adaptive ability.
C.Studying abroad can be beneficial in many ways.
D.Culture shock can be a common and normal phenomenon.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段“This exchange made me realize ... is just a few miles away.”可知，這次交流讓作者意識到了不同文化之間的差異，以及文化沖擊是如何起作用的。在自己看來正常的事情在另一個國家可能是非常不合適的，所以作者從她的經歷中得出的結論是文化沖擊可以是一種普遍而正常的現象。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
（一）熱詞
1._________ n. 交流；交換
2.________ v. 包括，包含
3._________ v. 觀察，注意到
4.______ v. 歡迎，迎接
5.______ n. 沖擊；令人震驚的事
exchange
include
observe
greet
shock
（二）高頻短語
1.______________ 決定做某事
2.similarities and differences between ... and ... ______________________________
3.__________ 一……就……
4._____________ 被分配給……
5._______ 導致
decide to do sth
……和……之間的相似與不同之處
as soon as
be assigned to
lead to
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.That is the fundamental ___________（differ） between the two societies.
2.This opera is one of the __________（culture） totems of Western civilization.
3.She seemed ______（total） absorbed in her book.
（四）寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.We need to create a climate in which students can improve their studies.______
2.It's normal to feel tired after such a long trip._________
3.The moment I saw her， I realized something was wrong. _________
difference
cultural
totally
氛圍
正常的
意識到
（五）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1.Some people think it is impolite to ask someone's age._____
2.Some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers.__________
3.It's becoming fashionable to have long hair again.________
rude
experience
popular
（六）長難句分析
　The exchange included spending ten days at the home of the assigned family to experience how German kids live and what they do and to observe the similarities and differences between that culture and the Italian culture.
句意：這次交流包括在被分配的家庭度過十天，體驗德國孩子的生活和他們的行為，并觀察德國文化和意大利文化之間的異同。
分析：句子主干為___________________________________。at the home of the assigned family作________，不定式短語to experience ... 和to observe ... 作________；how和what均引導______從句。
The exchange included spending ten days
地點狀語
目的狀語
賓語
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.______________ （第一次）， I realized the importance of learning English.
2.We can see nearly everything happening _____________________（千里之外） and communicate with people in different lands without leaving home.
（八）仿寫句子
　The results of their experiments have already been published. （現在完成時的被動語態）
仿寫：顯然，許多傳統節日已經代代相傳。
___________________________________________________________________
For the first time
thousands of miles away
Clearly，many traditional festivals have been passed down for many generations.
課后課時作業（二）
較易題（占比50%）　中檔題（占比50%）　拔高題（占比0%）
題號 A B
難度 ★ ★★
閱讀
A
While English is getting more important in our schools， Chinese has become popular among foreign kids. But Chinese can be more difficult to learn. At least 16 year old Piao Chenglong thinks so. “English is easier for me. Chinese characters have too many strokes （筆畫），” said Piao. “But I want to learn it. I want to study at Beijing University when I grow up.” Piao is from Korea. He came to China in 2008.
In Korea， there are more than 300，000 Chinese learners like Piao. Some Korean students begin to learn to write the language on their first day at school. To help students learn Chinese， Korea holds speaking competitions for high school students every year.
Chinese isn't just popular in Korea. People from all the world want to learn it. The Ministry of Education of China says that nearly 130 million people from 85 countries are learning Chinese. This number will be increasing to 800 million in the coming years.
In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish. Some American middle schools have Chinese classes. Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots. Some even try to write and draw in the Chinese way！
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了隨著中國在世界上變得越來越重要，有越來越多的外國學生開始學習漢語。
People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country. Foreign countries want to understand China better to help them with business. The Chinese government is also helping the world learn Chinese. It has sent more than 200 Chinese teachers to more than 60 countries in the world. Many more Confucius Institutes （孔子學院） will be set up in the world. These institutes will teach Chinese to foreign students.
1.Where does Piao Chenglong come from？
A.China. B.America.
C.Korea. D.Spain.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“Piao is from Korea.”可知，樸成龍來自韓國。故選C。
2.According to the text， some American middle school students learn to do the following EXCEPT 　　　　.
A.making jiaozi
B.writing and drawing in the Chinese way
C.tying Chinese knots
D.singing Chinese songs
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“Students learn to make jiaozi ... in the Chinese way！”可知，一些美國中學生學習包餃子、打中國結、用中國的方式書寫和繪畫，沒有提到唱中文歌。故選D。
3.Why do foreign people want to learn Chinese？
A.Because Chinese is getting more important in their schools.
B.Because Chinese characters have too many strokes.
C.Because the number of people learning Chinese will be 800 million.
D.Because China is becoming more and more important in the world.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“People want to learn Chinese because China is becoming such an important country.”可知，外國人想要學習漢語是因為中國正在世界上變得越來越重要。故選D。
4.Which of the following is the topic sentence for the text？
A.Chinese has become popular among foreign kids.
B.Chinese can be more difficult to learn.
C.In America， Chinese is the second most popular foreign language after Spanish.
D.Students learn to make jiaozi and tie Chinese knots.
解析：主旨大意題。根據第一段中的“While English is ... among foreign kids.”及下文內容可知，本文主要介紹了漢語在外國孩子中很受歡迎。故選A。
B
There are many differences in ways of thinking between East and West. Many of them are reflected in daily behaviour. In particular， Chinese people sometimes attach more importance to their appearance and social
status than to their inner qualities， while Westerners think the opposite. However， Socrates （Ancient Greek philosopher） and Confucius share significant similarities that are universal.
Both philosophers share several teachings in common； for example， their understanding of the nature of knowledge and their opinions on education. Socrates believed “There is only one good， knowledge； and only one evil， ignorance.” Similarly， Confucius said， “Isn’t it a pleasure to study and practice what you have learned？” But both also acknowledge the limits of knowledge. Socrates said： “All I know is that I know nothing.” Similarly， Confucius said， “ When you know a thing， to hold you know it； when you don't know a thing， to allow you don't know it—this is knowledge.”
However， there are important differences in their understanding of morality. Confucius believed each person should follow certain regulations according to virtue （德行）. Everyone should play their role in a society where people are interdependent in order to achieve harmony in the whole society. For instance， when asked how to govern a country， Confucius stated “An emperor should act like an emperor， a subject should act like a subject.” Socrates， however， places self－knowledge over social knowledge.
Another difference between them is their attitude towards political domination （支配）. Confucius believed the best way to govern a country isn't through legal system， but through virtue. Socrates， by contrast， declared that “nothing is more important than justice”.
Why have East and West developed such different cultural values？ A widely accepted theory holds that Eastern civilization was an agricultural civilization. Hence the need for a collective society and friendly relations with neighbors was strong. Western civilization， however， was nomadic （游牧的）. Their mobility makes them less dependent on society after migration.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了東西方兩位哲學家思想的不同與共同之處。
In spite of their differences， the two cultures have more in common than differences. The shared concern for moral values in the teachings of Socrates and Confucius also shows us more fundamental similarities between Eastern and Western cultures in their pursuit of virtuous lives.
5.What do the two philosophers share about knowledge？
A.The learning of knowledge is easy.
B.The learning of knowledge is endless.
C.A man without knowledge is foolish.
D.A man shall not pretend to understand.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“But both also acknowledge ... this is knowledge.（但兩者也都承認知識的局限性。蘇格拉底說：‘我所知道的就是我一無所知。’孔子也說過：‘知之為知之，不知為不知，是知也。’）”可知，兩個哲學家都認為知識的學習是無止境的。故選B。
6.Which of the following reflects the thoughts of Confucius in terms of morality？
A.Nothing is more important than a legal system.
B.I am not a Chinese， but a citizen of the world.
C.Not everyone should play his own role in society.
D.A man does what is proper to the position he is in.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Everyone should play ... a subject should act like a subject.’”可知，孔子的思想即“君君臣臣，父父子子”，每個人都應該根據自己所處的位置扮演好自己的角色。故選D。
7.What is the root cause of the differences between Eastern and Western cultural values？
A.The difference in political atmosphere.
B.The difference in the length of history.
C.The difference in economic development.
D.The difference in levels of social dependency.
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“A widely accepted ... less dependent on society after migration.”可知，東方文明是一種農業文明，需要建立集體社會，而西方文明是游牧文明，對社會的依賴程度低。由此可推知，東西方價值觀的差異最本質的原因是對社會依賴程度的不同。故選D。
8.What is the passage mainly about？
A.Reasons for similarities of Eastern and Western cultures.
B.The introduction of great figures of two different cultures.
C.Comparisons of the thoughts of the two great philosophers.
D.The contributions of two great philosophers to civilization.
解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要在介紹東西方兩位哲學家思想的不同與共同之處。故選C。
精深閱讀
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful， or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness， or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable； therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people， just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore， when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops， what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures， silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways， particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example， Russian， French， and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use， persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect， particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了不同文化中沉默的含義。
Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
1.What does the author say about silence in conversations？
A.It implies anger.
B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture－specific.
D.It is content－based.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.”和“Silence may be viewed ... a person's needs.”可知，作者認為不同的文化群體對沉默的理解有所不同，所以作者認為談話中的沉默具有文化特異性。故選C。
2.What does the underlined word “gap” in the first paragraph mean？
A.缺口 B.隔閡
C.間隙 D.漏洞
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞上文“Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable”可知，一些文化群體可能認為沉默極其令人不安；根據畫線詞所在句“therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation”可知，此句是提出沉默令人不安這一問題的解決方法，此處表示他們會通過談話填補間隙。畫線詞gap意為“間隙”。故選C。
3.What may be the best title for the text？
A.What It Means to Be Silent
B.Sound and Silence
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver； Silence Is Gold
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據第一段可知，沉默的含義在不同的文化群體中有所不同，文章主要介紹了不同文化中沉默的含義，A項（沉默意味著什么）最適合作為文章標題。故選A。
4.Where is the passage probably taken from？
A.A guidebook.
B.A travel journal.
C.An official document.
D.A research magazine.
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了不同文化中沉默的含義，即研究沉默在不同文化中的含義，所以本文有可能選自研究雜志。故選D。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
（一）熱詞
1._________ v. （使）不同，（使）呈現差異
2.thoughtful adj. ___________________
3._________ adv. 極度，非常
4.__________ v. 暗示，暗指
5.reflection n. ____________
vary
extremely
imply
深思，反省
深思熟慮的；沉思的
（二）高頻短語
1.view ... as ... __________________
2._____________ 意識到，知道
3._____________ 遇到
4.__________________ 允許某人/某物做某事
5._______協助
把……視為……
be aware of
come across
allow sb/sth to do sth
assist in
（三）根據語境填入恰當的內容
1.Old people are ____________ (particular) vulnerable members of our society.
2.The police who broke into the house were only acting under ___________(instruct).
3.Doctors have to lay their _________ (person) feelings aside.
particularly
instructions
personal
（四）寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
1.He was in his late eighties and had become the community's most respected elder._____
2.Her relationship with her father isn't good， but she's very close to her mother.
______
3.She had already sold everything of value that she possessed._______
長者
關系
價值
（五）用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
1.Grammar information enables students to map the structure of a foreign language onto their own.____________
2.She is always bad－tempered， consequently doesn't have many friends.__________
3.When the car was first built， the design was considered as highly original.__________
construction
therefore
viewed
（六）長難句分析
　However， Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.
句意：然而，墨西哥人在受到權威人士的指導時可能會保持沉默，而不是粗魯地與其爭論。
分析：句子主干為_____________________，是“主謂賓”結構。rather than是_________，use silence和 be rude to that person是并列關系。when引導__________從句；by arguing with him or her作__________。
Mexicans may use silence
并列連詞
時間狀語
方式狀語
（七）根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
1.She found herself _______________________（和她父母有沖突） over her future career.
2.She went to the bathroom， _____________________（把杯子裝滿水）， and returned to the bed.
（八）仿寫句子
　She doesn't view herself as a success.（view ... as ...）
仿寫：我把這個機會視為一個人學習和成長的機會。
_____________________________________________________
in conflict with her parents
filled a glass with w

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