資源簡介

英語　必修 第三冊 RJ
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
一、閱讀單詞及詞塊：寫出漢語含義
1．virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；優秀品質
2．moral dilemma 道德困境
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．moral adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意
2．dilemma n. 進退兩難的境地；困境
3．faint vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
一、發音規則
英語中的升調是一種語音現象，它可以用來表示說話人對所說的內容不肯定、疑問、驚訝、懷疑、猶豫、不自信等情緒，還可以表示禮貌、請求、建議等。最常見的使用升調的情況有：
1．用于一般疑問句，例如：Are you ↗coming
2．用于疑問句中表達強烈的驚訝或難以置信的情緒，例如：↗What You lost my ↗ticket
3．用于選擇疑問句的前半部分(即or之前的選項)，例如：Would you like↗ tea or↘ coffee
4．用于反意疑問句的后半部分，表示不確定的態度或征求對方的看法， 例如：You don't want ↘coffee, ↗do you
5．用于呼喚對方，例如：↗Sir, you dropped your key.
6．用于列舉事物，例如：↗One, ↗two, ↗three, ↗four, ↘five.
7．用于委婉的祈使句，例如：Wait a ↗moment.
二、用↗(升調)、↘(降調)標出下列句子中的升降調
1．Her moral sense let her made a (↘) decision.
2．Will you do so if you were in a situation like (↗) this
3．She bought (↗) bread, (↗) milk and (↘) tomatoes.
4．Do you speak (↗) English or (↘) French
5．How kind the children (↘) are!
6．Sit down, (↘) please.
7．You are a (↗) policeman
8．(↗) Pardon
三、用↗(升調)、↘(降調)標出下列對話中黑體部分的升降調
Amy：Hey, (1. ↗) John! What are you doing this weekend
John：Oh, I'm planning to go hiking. (2.↘) How about you
Amy：Hiking (3.↗) Really
John：Yeah, I've never been hiking before, so I thought it would be fun. (4. ↗) Don't you think so
Amy：Well, I do think it's a great idea, but I'm not sure if I have time. (5. ↗) You know, (6. ↘) I have a lot of work to catch up on.
John：(7. ↘) Oh, I see. But come on, you need to relax sometimes, too. (8. ↗) What if we make it a short hike
Amy：Hmm, that sounds better. (9. ↘) Let me check my schedule first.
John：Okay, sure. (10. ↗) Just let me know as soon as you can, okay
Amy：Okay, (11. ↘) I will.
探究一　熱詞
高頻詞
1.moral adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意(教材P13)
morally adv. 道德上 moral sense 道德感 moral values 道德價值觀 moral behaviour 道德行為 moral character 道德品質 moral standards 道德標準
【語境感知】
①What you did wasn't illegal, but it was morally wrong.
你的行為不違法，但在道德上是錯誤的。
②Man is gifted with a moral sense by which he distinguishes good from evil.
人天生具有一種道德感，通過這種道德感他可以分辨善與惡。
③I think you can run a business to the highest moral standards.
我認為你可以按照最高的道德標準經營企業。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He felt morally (moral) responsible for the accident.
②My sister came along just to give me some moral (morally) support.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
③她的道德感讓她做了一個決定。
Her__moral__sense__let__her__make__a__decision.
2.dilemma n. 進退兩難的境地；困境(教材P14)
in a dilemma 處于進退兩難的境地 be faced with a dilemma 面臨左右為難的困境 place sb in a dilemma 使某人處于進退兩難的境地 on the horns of a dilemma 進退兩難；進退維谷 moral dilemma 道德困境
【語境感知】
①I think they will gradually be caught in a dilemma in the future.
我認為他們在未來將會逐漸陷入進退兩難的境地。
②He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not to return to his country.
要不要回國，令他左右為難。
③This placed him in a dilemma.
這讓他陷入了兩難境地。
④I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.
這件事使我進退兩難。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Many moms were faced with the dilemma about whether they should go back to work or not.
②The doctor was in a dilemma whether he should tell the parents the truth.
③When you are on the horns of a dilemma, no matter which horn you choose, something bad will happen.
【學會表達】完成句子
④面臨道德困境，他不知道要做什么。
Faced__with__the__moral__dilemma,__he didn't know what to do.
3.faint vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的(教材P14)
faint away 昏倒；消失 be faint from/with 因……而昏倒
【語境感知】
①She took one look at the hypodermic needle and fainted away.
她看了一眼皮下注射針就暈了過去。
②She was faint from exhaustion after running the marathon.
跑完馬拉松后，她因疲憊而昏倒。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Exhausted from days of walking, he fainted away by a river in India.
②I didn't eat anything today and feel faint from/with hunger now.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
③她的病還有一點點希望可以治愈。
There__is__still__a__faint__hope__that__she__may__be__cured.
探究二　長難句分析
4.A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.(教材P14) 道德困境是指你需要做出兩個或更多困難選擇的情況。
【分析】　本句是一個復合句。in which ... to make是“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句。 “介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句： 定語從句中的介詞有時可置于關系代詞之前，構成“介詞＋關系代詞”結構。關系代詞通常是which和whom，which指物，whom指人 介詞的確定方法。一看介詞與先行詞的搭配關系，二看從句的謂語動詞與介詞的搭配關系，三看定語從句的意義 若定語從句中的短語為固定搭配，則介詞不能置于關系代詞之前。如：look for, look after, take care of
【語境感知】
①History informs us of past mistakes from which we can learn without repeating them.
＝History informs us of past mistakes (that/which) we can learn from without repeating them.
歷史告訴我們，我們可以從過去的錯誤中吸取教訓，而不會重蹈覆轍。
②One writer in whom I had taken an interest was Immanuel Velikovsky.
＝One writer (that/who/whom) I had taken an interest in was Immanuel Velikovsky.
我感興趣的一位作家是伊曼紐爾·維利科夫斯基。
③She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden of which they had taken care together.
＝She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden (that/which) they had taken care of together.
她會意地笑了，看著他們一起打理的花園。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①There is no reason for which we shouldn't be friends.
②This is the man to whom I referred.
③I will never forget the day on which we studied together.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
④這是一個我們討論過很多的課題。
This__is__a__subject__about__which__we__have__talked__a__lot.
⑤他們來到一處農舍，農舍前面坐著一個小男孩。
They__arrived__at__a__farmhouse,__in__front__of__which__sat__a__small__boy.
5.Did you hear that James helped an old woman who fell down while crossing the street？(教材P15) 你聽說詹姆斯幫助一個過馬路時摔倒的老太太了嗎？
【分析】　本句是一個復合句。that引導賓語從句，在賓語從句中，who fell down while crossing the street是定語從句，修飾先行詞an old woman；其中while crossing the street是時間狀語從句的省略，補充完整應為while she was crossing the street。 當時間、條件等狀語從句的主語為it，或者從句與主句的主語一致，并且從句的謂語含有be動詞時，從句的主語和be動詞常一起省略 當從句的謂語動詞與主句主語之間為主動關系時，用現在分詞；為被動關系時，用過去分詞
【語境感知】
①(2024·全國甲卷)Eat with others whenever (it is) possible.
盡可能和別人一起吃飯。
②Although (it was) exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
雖然很累，但它給了我活力、熱情和幸福。
③When (you are) eating a whole cooked fish, you should never turn it over to get at the flesh on the other side.
當你吃一整條魚時，千萬不要把它翻過來吃另一邊的肉。
④Scientists have collected more data than (it has been) expected.
科學家們已經收集到了比預期更多的數據。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Before leaving (leave)，turn off all the lights.
②When completed (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
③Even if invited (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
【學會表達】完成句子
④當你在攀巖時，你需要保持非常專注。
While__rock climbing,__you need to remain very focused.
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義 b.匹配下列短語的詞義
(D)1.dilemma (C)2.faint (E)3.moral (A)4.virtue (B)5.admire A．n. 高尚的道德；美德；優秀品質 B．v. 欽佩，仰慕 C．vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的 D．n. 進退兩難的境地；困境 E．adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意 (C)6.entrance examination (E)7.moral dilemma (A)8.be eager to do sth (D)9.ask for confirmation (B)10.fall down 　 A．渴望做某事 B．摔倒 C．入學考試 D．要求確認 E．道德困境
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．faint vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
2．dilemma n. 進退兩難的境地；困境
3．moral adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意
4．virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；優秀品質
5．gloomy adj. 沮喪的，悲觀的
6．doubt v. 懷疑；不相信
7．shelter n. 居所，住處
8．confirmation n. 確認，確定
9．carefully adv. 小心地，仔細地
10．confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的
Ⅲ.單句語法填空
1．I doubt whether/if he will be able to finish the project on time.
2．This is the bookshop from which I bought the book.
3．It's morally (moral) wrong to lie to someone, even if it's to avoid hurting their feelings.
4．You must pay attention to the traffic signals when driving (drive) to ensure safety.
5．She was in a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job.
6．If I were (be) a millionaire, I would travel around the world.
7．As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager to__explore (explore).
8．While watching (watch) the match, he tried to absorb what he was seeing.
Ⅳ.選詞填空
fall, examine, virtue, choose, admire, cross, confuse, gloom
1．Once upon a time, a young man came across a spring of clear water while crossing the desert.
2．Among his many virtues are generosity, courage and loyalty.
3．I don't agree with her, but I admire her for sticking to her principles.
4．I'm sure we will find a wide variety of choices available in school cafeterias.
5．He looked confused when I asked him about the project.
6．All students without exception must take the English examination．
7．The forest was dark and gloomy,__with thick trees blocking out the sunlight.
8．An old man fell down on the street and couldn't get up, so we quickly ran up to help him.
Ⅴ.完成表達
1．She was__faced__with__a__moral__dilemma (面臨著道德困境) when she had to choose between telling the truth and protecting her friend's feelings.
2．He was horrified when he discovered the__conditions__in__which__they__lived (他們的生活狀況).
3．He became aware of the__soft,__faint__sounds__of__water__dripping (輕柔、微弱的滴水聲)．
Ⅵ.完整表達
1．她因受打擊而昏厥過去。
She__just__fainted__away__from__the__shock.
2．我想知道她是如何在這么短的時間內完成任務的。
I__wondered__how__she__managed__to__finish__the__task__in__such__a__short__time.
3．你在這樣的情況下會怎么做呢？
What__would__you__do__if__you__were__in__a__situation__like__this
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·山西省太原市高一下期末)In the heart of California's Berkeley community, one familiar face has stood as a guide of safety and kindness for nearly twenty years.
Alice Kay Tolbert has said farewell (告別) to her post as a crossing guard at the crossroads of Keoncrest Drive and Rose Street. Her retirement has drawn an outpouring of love and gratitude from the community she served tirelessly.
Rain or shine, Miss Alice faithfully guided children safely across the busy streets, ensuring not a single child was injured under her watchful eye. But her impact stretched beyond mere safety measures. Miss Alice became a cherished figure for her warmth, positivity, and devotion to the well being of every child she encountered.
On her final day, the community came together in a heartwarming display of appreciation. Parents and children, both past and present, gathered with balloons and handmade signs to celebrate Miss Alice's remarkable service. Even older students, who hadn't needed her assistance for years, returned to express their gratitude and bid her farewell.
Penelope Piper Soto, a young student touched by Miss Alice's kindness, shared memories of her crossing roads: “She'll always high five me in the morning when I walk to school, and always say hello, and she always has a smile on her face. Once when I was little, I admired her necklace, and it was really pretty ... and she gave me the gem (寶石) that was on the necklace.”
Such memories highlight the significant impact Miss Alice had on the lives of those she encountered daily. Her small acts of kindness, whether a comforting smile or a shared stuff, left an unforgettable mark on the hearts of Berkeley's residents.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在加州伯克利社區，Alice Kay Tolbert (愛麗絲·凱·托爾伯特)作為交通指揮員近二十年，深受社區居民愛戴。她退休時，社區居民紛紛表達感激之情。
1．Which of the following did Miss Alice do for the children in the community
A．She was invited to teach traffic rules.
B．She gave first aid to the injured children.
C．She ensured their safety and cheered them up.
D．She gifted them with balloons and handicrafts.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段“Rain or shine ... she encountered.(無論是晴天還是雨天，Alice女士都忠實地引導孩子們安全穿過繁忙的街道，確保沒有一個孩子在她細心的照顧下受傷。但她的影響不僅僅局限于安全措施。Alice女士因為她對每個遇到的孩子所表現出的溫暖、積極和奉獻而成為了一個受人喜愛的形象。)”可知，Alice確保孩子們的安全，并且帶給他們快樂。故選C。
2．What does Penelope's story show about Alice Kay Tolbert
A．Her sense of responsibility.
B．Her kindness and generosity.
C．Her professionalism as a guard.
D．Her popularity with strangers.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Penelope Piper Soto ... on the necklace.(Penelope Piper Soto (佩內洛普·派珀·索托)是一位被Alice女士的善舉感動的年輕學生，她分享了過馬路的回憶：‘當我走路上學時，她總是在早上和我擊掌，總是向我問好，而且她總是面帶微笑。我小時候有一次很羨慕她的項鏈，真的很漂亮……然后她把項鏈上的寶石送給了我?！?”可推知，Penelope的故事展示了Alice Kay Tolbert的善良和慷慨。故選B。
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Alice Kay: A Respected Policewoman
B．Berkeley Community: A Circle with Safety and Love
C．From Streets to Hearts: An Adventurous Life of Alice Kay
D．A Farewell to the Angel on Streets: Berkeley's Beloved Crossing Guard Retires
答案：D
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了在伯克利社區深受愛戴的交通指揮員Alice Kay Tolbert退休時，社區居民向她表達感激的故事。D項(向街上的天使告別：伯克利深受愛戴的交通指揮員退休)最適合作為文章標題。故選D。
B
(2024·福建省莆田第一中學高一下期中)Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor”， the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one's mind by telling all one's heart”. While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel.
I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain climbing trip with my 15 year old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn't breathe properly.
Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak.
“You know，” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started. But with practice and proper pace, you'll get there too.”
“Yeah, don't let your lack of experience stop you，” the other added. “It's okay to admit when you're struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it's important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That's how we improve and grow.”
Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.
I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it's okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I've come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和女兒在登山過程中遇到困難時，兩位學生對他們的幫助和鼓勵，以及他們的勇氣對作者和團隊產生的影響。
4．Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage
A．To question the common belief of courage.
B．To argue for the true nature of courage.
C．To show the changing meaning of courage.
D．To compare different interpretations of courage.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“In the beginning ... how we feel.(在開始，勇氣意味著‘說出自己的想法，表達自己的心聲’。雖然現在勇氣常常與英雄主義聯系在一起，但我相信真正的勇氣在于對我們是誰和我們的感受持開放和誠實的態度。)”可推知，作者提到勇氣的原始含義是為了論證勇氣的本質。故選B。
5．What did the two students suggest the daughter do
A．Keep to a suitable pace.
B．Seek help whenever possible.
C．Challenge her own limits.
D．Stick with experienced climbers.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第五段中的“It's okay to ... improve and grow.(當你遇到困難或感覺不好時，承認是沒有關系的。事實上，當你需要幫助時，大聲說出來并尋求幫助是很重要的。這就是我們進步和成長的方式。)”可知，兩位學生建議作者的女兒在需要時尋求幫助。故選B。
6．Which action in the mountain climbing story is an example of true courage
A．The mother asked the girl to rest.
B．The girl tried hard not to fall behind.
C．The two students pointed out the group's fault.
D．The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“I believe true ... how we feel”可知，真正的勇氣是說出自己的想法，以及倒數第二段中的“However, the two students ... in tough environments. (然而，這兩名學生直接向正在慶祝的團隊發表講話，強調在艱難的環境中團結一致的重要性。)”可推知，兩位學生說出自己的想法，指出團隊的錯誤是真正的勇氣的體現。故選C。
7．What does the author intend to tell us
A．Kindness connects us all.
B．Being a beginner takes courage.
C．We don't have to be a hero to be brave.
D．With courage, everyone can be perfect.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段中的“While courage is ... how we feel.”可推知，作者想要告訴我們，不一定要成為英雄才能勇敢，勇于說出自己的想法和感受才是真正的勇敢。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·江蘇省溧陽市高一下期末)Ethics (道德規范) are concerned with people's moral actions. One type of ethics is school ethics. __1__ They include students, teachers and administrators. Ethics designed for each of these groups are usually created within the institution, through professional organizations, or by both.
School ethics provide ethical standards people are expected to follow in relation to working with others and in the decision making process. Ethics also bring consequences to those who don't follow school ethics. These moral rules are significant. __2__ Moreover, they encourage people to support each other and support the school with some special requirements designed for them.
__3__ Particularly, students must respect their peers, teachers and administrators. Additionally, school ethics require students to respect their institutions which they're admitted into. One of the most significant factors concerning students and ethics in schools is plagiarism (剽竊)—students are required to hand in work that is uniquely their own and be prepared to suffer consequences if it is not.
Teachers and administrators are ethically guided through professional and institutional ethical codes. They typically are required to create a learning environment that promotes high ethical standards for students through modeling and instruction. Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment. __4__
Educators are also required to show high ethical standards in their communication with parents, peers, students, etc. Building trust is an essential part of these interactions. Teachers and administrators are ethically expected to maintain their professional training and to present themselves as representatives of the school in an ethical manner. __5__ But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.
A．Besides, the rules can be interesting.
B．Why should students follow the ethics
C．What are school ethics' requirements for students
D．To strictly follow all the ethics can be challenging.
E．They help create an atmosphere of trust, honesty, etc.
F．Generally, such ethics apply to all people in a school.
G．Thus, all students can have equal educational chances to achieve success.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了學校道德規范的重要性。
1．答案：F
解析：下文“They include students, teachers and administrators.(他們包括學生、教師和行政人員。)”具體說明了道德規范適用的人群。F項(一般來說，這種道德規范適用于學校里的所有人。)引出下文。故選F。
2．答案：E
解析：根據上文“These moral rules are significant.(這些道德準則意義重大。)”和下文“Moreover, they encourage ... designed for them.(此外，它們鼓勵人們相互支持，并為他們設計一些特殊的要求來支持學校。)”可知，E項(它們有助于創造一種信任、誠實等的氛圍。)承上啟下。故選E。
3．答案：C
解析：設空處位于句首，為段落主旨句。根據下文“Particularly, students must respect ... they're admitted into.(特別是，學生必須尊重他們的同齡人、老師和行政人員。此外，學校道德要求學生尊重錄取他們的機構。)”可知，本段主要說明道德規范對學生的要求。C項(學校道德對學生的要求是什么？)符合語境。故選C。
4．答案：G
解析：根據上文“Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment.”可知，教師和管理者應該創造一個安全公平的學習環境。G項(因此，所有學生都有平等的獲得成功的教育機會。)承接上文。故選G。
5．答案：D
解析：根據下文“But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.”可知，大多數教育工作者都支持這些道德規范。D項(嚴格遵守所有的道德規范具有挑戰性。)引出下文，其中all the ethics呼應下文的these ethics。故選D。
　精深閱讀
(2024· 山西省大同市第一中學忻州一中高一下期未)When Joy Diaz was growing up, her parents devoted themselves to humanitarian work. The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
“When I talk about extreme poverty, what I mean is these people lived inside the garbage dump，” Diaz said. Diaz's parents did everything they could to support those living in the dump. They started by bringing in teachers and doctors. Eventually, they were able to build a health clinic, a school, a dining hall and even set up public showers. “But while that was happening, we did not have a home. We were renters，” Diaz said.
One day, years into their effort, a man showed up at Diaz's house. His name was Jack Bloxham, and he had worked with the Diaz family in the past to provide care for community members. He'd come all the way from Richmond, Virginia. “He flew into Mexico City, hopped in a taxi, came to the house, saw my mum and just gave her this paper bag full of money, full of cash. And he said, ‘For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. So here's the money. Buy a house，’” Diaz remembered.
Diaz believes this act of kindness changed her life. Her family moved into a middle class neighbourhood, and the money they saved on rent instead paid for college fee. But the impact of Bloxham's generosity didn't end there. “It changed the trajectory of generations，” Diaz explained. “Today my children live in a middle class neighbourhood, and because I am college educated, I am able to have a better job than I could have had before.”
Bloxham is now in his nineties. Diaz says she will always remember his kindness. “I am forever grateful, Jack. Thank you.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Joy Diaz (喬伊·迪亞茲)的成長故事，通過個人經歷和具體事例展現了人性中的善良與慷慨對他人生活的深刻影響。
1．Which words can best describe Diaz's parents
A．Creative and knowledgeable.
B．Kind and caring.
C．Poor but optimistic.
D．Wealthy but lazy.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“When Joy Diaz was growing up ... to humanitarian work.”和“they still found ways ... in extreme poverty”可知，Diaz的父母致力于人道主義工作，幫助貧困人群，由此可推知，他們是善良和有愛心的。故選B。
2．What did Diaz's parents do for those living in the dump
A．They put up a dining hall.
B．They offered free meals.
C．They taught for free in a school.
D．They built a big hospital.
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“They started by bringing in teachers ... and even set up public showers. (他們從引進教師和醫生開始。最終，他們建起了一家診所、一所學校、一個餐廳，甚至還建立了公共浴室。)”可知，Diaz的父母為住在垃圾堆里的人們建了一個餐廳。故選A。
3．Why did Jack Bloxham give money to Diaz's mum
A．To give back to society.
B．To earn people's respect.
C．To help buy a house for the Diaz family.
D．To support the community members.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“He flew into Mexico City ... Buy a house，’ Diaz remembered.”可知，Jack Bloxham (杰克·布洛克斯漢姆)給Diaz母親的錢是為了幫助Diaz一家買房子。故選C。
4．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Diaz went to college.
B．Diaz paid the rent with Bloxham's money.
C．Bloxham was ninety when he bought a house.
D．The Diaz family moved to an upper class neighbourhood.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“It changed the trajectory of generations ... I could have had before.”可推知，Diaz上了大學，并且因為受過高等教育，她能夠擁有比以前更好的工作。故選A。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．humanitarian adj. 人道主義的
2．extreme adj. 極端的；極度的
3．effort n. 努力，試圖，盡力
4．impact n. 影響
5．generosity n. 慷慨，大方
(二)高頻短語
6．devote__oneself__to__...__ 獻身于……
7．set__up 建立
8．come__all__the__way 專程造訪；遠道而來
9．show up 出現
10．provide ... for ... 為……提供……
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
11．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your kindness (kind)．
12．I eventually (eventual) realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice.
13．The dining (dine) hall was packed with students having their lunch.
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
14．He shouted so loudly that the whole neighbourhood could hear him.街區；鄰近的地方
15．If you are a renter and need to make an online inquiry, please click here.租客
16．How can you live in this dump 垃圾場；骯臟的地方
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
provide， mean， grateful
17．She seems to think I should be thankful to have a job at all.grateful
18．The government has supplied food and water to the victims of the natural disaster. provided
19．His parents intended him to be a doctor, but he ended up becoming an artist instead.meant
(六)長難句分析
20．The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
句意：這家人住在墨西哥城，雖然他們一點也不富裕，但他們仍然找到方法來幫助生活在極端貧困中的人。
分析：這是一個由并列連詞and連接的并列句。第一個分句的主干是The__family__lived__in__Mexico__City；第二個分句的主干是they__still__found__ways；although引導讓步狀語從句，who引導定語從句，修飾限定先行詞people。
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
21．When they showed__up (出現) for their Sunday game, they were completely different.
22．It was built by Mrs Stanford to remember her husband who devoted__himself__to (獻身于) the university.
(八)仿寫句子
23．For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. (現在完成進行時)
仿寫：我已經學了五年英語了，但還不是很流利。
I__have__been__studying__English__for__five__years__and__I'm__still__not__fluent.
18(共72張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 2　 MORALS AND VIRTUES
單元主題：人與自我——道德與美德
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking
預學檢測 單詞打卡
自主學習 助力聽說
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業
5
預學檢測 單詞打卡
一、閱讀單詞及詞塊：寫出漢語含義
1．virtue n. ______________________________
2．moral dilemma __________
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．________ adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意
2．________ n. 進退兩難的境地；困境
3．________ vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
高尚的道德；美德；優秀品質
道德困境
moral
dilemma
faint
自主學習　助力聽說
一、發音規則
英語中的升調是一種語音現象，它可以用來表示說話人對所說的內容不肯定、疑問、驚訝、懷疑、猶豫、不自信等情緒，還可以表示禮貌、請求、建議等。最常見的使用升調的情況有：
1．用于一般疑問句，例如：Are you ↗coming
2．用于疑問句中表達強烈的驚訝或難以置信的情緒，例如：↗What You lost my ↗ticket
3．用于選擇疑問句的前半部分(即or之前的選項)，例如：Would you like↗ tea or↘ coffee
4．用于反意疑問句的后半部分，表示不確定的態度或征求對方的看法， 例如：You don't want ↘coffee, ↗do you
5．用于呼喚對方，例如：↗Sir, you dropped your key.
6．用于列舉事物，例如：↗One, ↗two, ↗three, ↗four, ↘five.
7．用于委婉的祈使句，例如：Wait a ↗moment.
二、用↗(升調)、↘(降調)標出下列句子中的升降調
1．Her moral sense let her made a (____) decision.
2．Will you do so if you were in a situation like (____) this
3．She bought (____) bread, (____) milk and (____) tomatoes.
4．Do you speak (____) English or (____) French
5．How kind the children (____) are!
6．Sit down, (____) please.
7．You are a (____) policeman
8．(____) Pardon
↘
↗
↗
↗
↘
↗
↗
↘
↘
↘
↗
三、用↗(升調)、↘(降調)標出下列對話中黑體部分的升降調
Amy：Hey, (1.____) John! What are you doing this weekend
John：Oh, I'm planning to go hiking. (2.____) How about you
Amy：Hiking (3.____) Really
John：Yeah, I've never been hiking before, so I thought it would be fun. (4.____) Don't you think so
Amy：Well, I do think it's a great idea, but I'm not sure if I have time. (5.____) You know, (6.____) I have a lot of work to catch up on.
↘
↗
↗
↘
↗
↘
John：(7.____) Oh, I see. But come on, you need to relax sometimes, too. (8.____) What if we make it a short hike
Amy：Hmm, that sounds better. (9.____) Let me check my schedule first.
John：Okay, sure. (10.____) Just let me know as soon as you can, okay
Amy：Okay, (11.____) I will.
↘
↗
↘
↗
↘
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
高頻詞
morally adv. 道德上
moral sense 道德感
moral values 道德價值觀
moral behaviour 道德行為
moral character 道德品質
moral standards 道德標準
1.moral adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意(教材P13)
【語境感知】
①What you did wasn't illegal, but it was morally wrong.
你的行為不違法，但在道德上是錯誤的。
②Man is gifted with a moral sense by which he distinguishes good from evil.
人天生具有一種道德感，通過這種道德感他可以分辨善與惡。
③I think you can run a business to the highest moral standards.
我認為你可以按照最高的道德標準經營企業。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He felt ________ (moral) responsible for the accident.
②My sister came along just to give me some ________ (morally) support.　
【學會表達】翻譯句子
③她的道德感讓她做了一個決定。
____________________________________________
morally
moral
Her moral sense let her make a decision.
in a dilemma 處于進退兩難的境地
be faced with a dilemma 面臨左右為難的困境
place sb in a dilemma 使某人處于進退兩難的境地
on the horns of a dilemma 進退兩難；進退維谷
moral dilemma 道德困境
2.dilemma n. 進退兩難的境地；困境(教材P14)
【語境感知】
①I think they will gradually be caught in a dilemma in the future.
我認為他們在未來將會逐漸陷入進退兩難的境地。
②He was faced with the dilemma of whether or not to return to his country.
要不要回國，令他左右為難。
③This placed him in a dilemma.
這讓他陷入了兩難境地。
④I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.
這件事使我進退兩難。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Many moms were faced ________ the dilemma about whether they should go back to work or not.
②The doctor was ________ a dilemma whether he should tell the parents the truth.
③When you are ________ the horns of a dilemma, no matter which horn you choose, something bad will happen.
【學會表達】完成句子
④面臨道德困境，他不知道要做什么。
___________________________， he didn't know what to do.
with
in
on
Faced with the moral dilemma
faint away 昏倒；消失
be faint from/with 因……而昏倒
3.faint vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的(教材P14)
【語境感知】
①She took one look at the hypodermic needle and fainted away.
她看了一眼皮下注射針就暈了過去。
②She was faint from exhaustion after running the marathon.
跑完馬拉松后，她因疲憊而昏倒。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Exhausted from days of walking, he fainted ________ by a river in India.
②I didn't eat anything today and feel faint ___________ hunger now.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
③她的病還有一點點希望可以治愈。
____________________________________________
away
from/with
There is still a faint hope that she may be cured.
【分析】　本句是一個復合句。in which ... to make是“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句。
“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句：
定語從句中的介詞有時可置于關系代詞之前，構成“介詞＋關系代詞”結構。關系代詞通常是which和whom，which指物，whom指人
4.A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.(教材P14)
道德困境是指你需要做出兩個或更多困難選擇的情況。
探究二　長難句分析
介詞的確定方法。一看介詞與先行詞的搭配關系，二看從句的謂語動詞與介詞的搭配關系，三看定語從句的意義
若定語從句中的短語為固定搭配，則介詞不能置于關系代詞之前。如：look for, look after, take care of
【語境感知】
①History informs us of past mistakes from which we can learn without repeating them.
＝History informs us of past mistakes (that/which) we can learn from without repeating them.
歷史告訴我們，我們可以從過去的錯誤中吸取教訓，而不會重蹈覆轍。
②One writer in whom I had taken an interest was Immanuel Velikovsky.
＝One writer (that/who/whom) I had taken an interest in was Immanuel Velikovsky.
我感興趣的一位作家是伊曼紐爾·維利科夫斯基。
③She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden of which they had taken care together.
＝She smiled knowingly and looked at the garden (that/which) they had taken care of together.
她會意地笑了，看著他們一起打理的花園。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①There is no reason ________ which we shouldn't be friends.
②This is the man ________ whom I referred.
③I will never forget the day ________ which we studied together.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
④這是一個我們討論過很多的課題。
_______________________________________________
⑤他們來到一處農舍，農舍前面坐著一個小男孩。
_______________________________________________________
for
to
on
This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.
【分析】　本句是一個復合句。that引導賓語從句，在賓語從句中，who fell down while crossing the street是定語從句，修飾先行詞an old woman；其中while crossing the street是時間狀語從句的省略，補充完整應為while she was crossing the street。
當時間、條件等狀語從句的主語為it，或者從句與主句的主語一致，并且從句的謂語含有be動詞時，從句的主語和be動詞常一起省略
當從句的謂語動詞與主句主語之間為主動關系時，用現在分詞；為被動關系時，用過去分詞
5.Did you hear that James helped an old woman who fell down while crossing the street？(教材P15)
你聽說詹姆斯幫助一個過馬路時摔倒的老太太了嗎？
【語境感知】
①(2024·全國甲卷)Eat with others whenever (it is) possible.
盡可能和別人一起吃飯。
②Although (it was) exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
雖然很累，但它給了我活力、熱情和幸福。
③When (you are) eating a whole cooked fish, you should never turn it over to get at the flesh on the other side.
當你吃一整條魚時，千萬不要把它翻過來吃另一邊的肉。
④Scientists have collected more data than (it has been) expected.
科學家們已經收集到了比預期更多的數據。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Before ________ (leave)，turn off all the lights.
②When ___________ (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
③Even if ________ (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
【學會表達】完成句子
④當你在攀巖時，你需要保持非常專注。
_____________________， you need to remain very focused.
leaving
completed
invited
While rock-climbing
對點練習 鞏固所學
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義 b.匹配下列短語的詞義 ( )1.dilemma ( )2.faint ( )3.moral ( )4.virtue ( )5.admire A．n. 高尚的道德；美德；優秀品質 B．v. 欽佩，仰慕 C．vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的 D．n. 進退兩難的境地；困境 E．adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意 ( )6.entrance examination ( )7.moral dilemma ( )8.be eager to do sth ( )9.ask for confirmation ( )10.fall down 　 A．渴望做某事
B．摔倒
C．入學考試
D．要求確認
E．道德困境
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
D
C
E
A
B
C
E
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．________ vi. 昏倒；暈厥　adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
2．________ n. 進退兩難的境地；困境
3．________ adj. 道德的；道義上的　n. 品行；道德；寓意
4．________ n. 高尚的道德；美德；優秀品質
5．________ adj. 沮喪的，悲觀的
6．________ v. 懷疑；不相信
7．________ n. 居所，住處
8．_____________ n. 確認，確定
9．________ adv. 小心地，仔細地
10．________ adj. 困惑的，糊涂的
faint
dilemma
moral
virtue
gloomy
doubt
shelter
confirmation
carefully
confused
Ⅲ.單句語法填空
1．I doubt ___________ he will be able to finish the project on time.
2．This is the bookshop ________ which I bought the book.
3．It's ________ (moral) wrong to lie to someone, even if it's to avoid hurting their feelings.
4．You must pay attention to the traffic signals when ________ (drive) to ensure safety.
5．She was ________ a dilemma whether to stay at school or get a job.
6．If I ________ (be) a millionaire, I would travel around the world.
7．As soon as we arrived on the island we were eager ____________ (explore).
8．While ________ (watch) the match, he tried to absorb what he was seeing.
whether/if
from
morally
driving
in
were
to explore
watching
Ⅳ.選詞填空
1．Once upon a time, a young man came across a spring of clear water while ________ the desert.
2．Among his many ________ are generosity, courage and loyalty.
3．I don't agree with her, but I ________ her for sticking to her principles.
4．I'm sure we will find a wide variety of ________ available in school cafeterias.
5．He looked ________ when I asked him about the project.
6．All students without exception must take the English ______________．
7．The forest was dark and ________， with thick trees blocking out the sunlight.
8．An old man ____ down on the street and couldn't get up, so we quickly ran up to help him.
crossing
fall, examine, virtue, choose, admire, cross, confuse, gloom
virtues
admire
choices
confused
examination
gloomy
fell
Ⅴ.完成表達
1．She _____________________________ (面臨著道德困境) when she had to choose between telling the truth and protecting her friend's feelings.
2．He was horrified when he discovered ______________________________ (他們的生活狀況).
3．He became aware of ___________________________________ (輕柔、微弱的滴水聲)．
was faced with a moral dilemma
the conditions in which they lived
the soft, faint sounds of water dripping
Ⅵ.完整表達
1．她因受打擊而昏厥過去。
_____________________________________
2．我想知道她是如何在這么短的時間內完成任務的。
___________________________________________________________
3．你在這樣的情況下會怎么做呢？
_________________________________________________
She just fainted away from the shock.
I wondered how she managed to finish the task in such a short time.
What would you do if you were in a situation like this
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·山西省太原市高一下期末)In the heart of California's Berkeley community, one familiar face has stood as a guide of safety and kindness for nearly twenty years.
Alice Kay Tolbert has said farewell (告別) to her post as a crossing guard at the crossroads of Keoncrest Drive and Rose Street. Her retirement has drawn an outpouring of love and gratitude from the community she served tirelessly.
Rain or shine, Miss Alice faithfully guided children safely across the busy streets, ensuring not a single child was injured under her watchful eye. But her impact stretched beyond mere safety measures. Miss Alice became a cherished figure for her warmth, positivity, and devotion to the well being of every child she encountered.
On her final day, the community came together in a heartwarming display of appreciation. Parents and children, both past and present, gathered with balloons and handmade signs to celebrate Miss Alice's remarkable service. Even older students, who hadn't needed her assistance for years, returned to express their gratitude and bid her farewell.
Penelope Piper Soto, a young student touched by Miss Alice's kindness, shared memories of her crossing roads: “She'll always high five me in the morning when I walk to school, and always say hello, and she always has a smile on her face. Once when I was little, I admired her necklace, and it was really pretty ... and she gave me the gem (寶石) that was on the necklace.”
Such memories highlight the significant impact Miss Alice had on the lives of those she encountered daily. Her small acts of kindness, whether a comforting smile or a shared stuff, left an unforgettable mark on the hearts of Berkeley's residents.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在加州伯克利社區，Alice Kay Tolbert (愛麗絲·凱·托爾伯特)作為交通指揮員近二十年，深受社區居民愛戴。她退休時，社區居民紛紛表達感激之情。
1．Which of the following did Miss Alice do for the children in the community
A．She was invited to teach traffic rules.
B．She gave first aid to the injured children.
C．She ensured their safety and cheered them up.
D．She gifted them with balloons and handicrafts.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段“Rain or shine ... she encountered.(無論是晴天還是雨天，Alice女士都忠實地引導孩子們安全穿過繁忙的街道，確保沒有一個孩子在她細心的照顧下受傷。但她的影響不僅僅局限于安全措施。Alice女士因為她對每個遇到的孩子所表現出的溫暖、積極和奉獻而成為了一個受人喜愛的形象。)”可知，Alice確保孩子們的安全，并且帶給他們快樂。故選C。
2．What does Penelope's story show about Alice Kay Tolbert
A．Her sense of responsibility.
B．Her kindness and generosity.
C．Her professionalism as a guard.
D．Her popularity with strangers.
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“Penelope Piper Soto ... on the necklace.(Penelope Piper Soto (佩內洛普·派珀·索托)是一位被Alice女士的善舉感動的年輕學生，她分享了過馬路的回憶：‘當我走路上學時，她總是在早上和我擊掌，總是向我問好，而且她總是面帶微笑。我小時候有一次很羨慕她的項鏈，真的很漂亮……然后她把項鏈上的寶石送給了我。’)”可推知，Penelope的故事展示了Alice Kay Tolbert的善良和慷慨。故選B。
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Alice Kay: A Respected Policewoman
B．Berkeley Community: A Circle with Safety and Love
C．From Streets to Hearts: An Adventurous Life of Alice Kay
D．A Farewell to the Angel on Streets: Berkeley's Beloved Crossing Guard Retires
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了在伯克利社區深受愛戴的交通指揮員Alice Kay Tolbert退休時，社區居民向她表達感激的故事。D項(向街上的天使告別：伯克利深受愛戴的交通指揮員退休)最適合作為文章標題。故選D。
B
(2024·福建省莆田第一中學高一下期中)Courage is a huge theme in my life, a quality I constantly seek, appreciate, and analyze. The root of “courage” is “cor”， the Latin word for heart. In the beginning, courage meant “to speak one's mind by telling all one's heart”. While courage is often associated with heroism nowadays, I believe true courage lies in being open and honest about who we are and how we feel.
I recently witnessed an example of true courage. During a mountain climbing trip with my 15 year old daughter and some college students, I noticed her struggling to keep up with the group. Despite my suggestions to rest, she persisted until she couldn't breathe properly.
Panicked, I called out to the front for help, but there was no response, and we had no cellphone signal. Fortunately, two students just came back to check out on us. They offered assistance and calmed us down. As we continued at a slower pace, they shared their own experiences, from starting out as beginners like my daughter to becoming consistently among the first to reach the peak.
“You know，” one of them said, looking at my daughter, “I was just like you when I started. But with practice and proper pace, you'll get there too.”
“Yeah, don't let your lack of experience stop you，” the other added. “It's okay to admit when you're struggling or not feeling alright. In fact, it's important to speak up and ask for help when you need it. That's how we improve and grow.”
Reaching the mountain top was a huge relief for both my daughter and me. However, the two students addressed the celebrating group directly, emphasizing the importance of staying together in tough environments. Their words led the group to apologize to us for overlooking our struggle.
I was totally amazed at their bravery, and my daughter learned that it's okay to be the least experienced in a group. Courage, I've come to realize, has a ripple effect. Each time we choose courage, we inspire those around us to be a little braver and make the world a little better.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者和女兒在登山過程中遇到困難時，兩位學生對他們的幫助和鼓勵，以及他們的勇氣對作者和團隊產生的影響。
4．Why does the author mention the original meaning of courage
A．To question the common belief of courage.
B．To argue for the true nature of courage.
C．To show the changing meaning of courage.
D．To compare different interpretations of courage.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“In the beginning ... how we feel.(在開始，勇氣意味著‘說出自己的想法，表達自己的心聲’。雖然現在勇氣常常與英雄主義聯系在一起，但我相信真正的勇氣在于對我們是誰和我們的感受持開放和誠實的態度。)”可推知，作者提到勇氣的原始含義是為了論證勇氣的本質。故選B。
5．What did the two students suggest the daughter do
A．Keep to a suitable pace.
B．Seek help whenever possible.
C．Challenge her own limits.
D．Stick with experienced climbers.
解析：細節理解題。根據第五段中的“It's okay to ... improve and grow.(當你遇到困難或感覺不好時，承認是沒有關系的。事實上，當你需要幫助時，大聲說出來并尋求幫助是很重要的。這就是我們進步和成長的方式。)”可知，兩位學生建議作者的女兒在需要時尋求幫助。故選B。
6．Which action in the mountain climbing story is an example of true courage
A．The mother asked the girl to rest.
B．The girl tried hard not to fall behind.
C．The two students pointed out the group's fault.
D．The group celebrated the reach of the mountain top.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“I believe true ... how we feel”可知，真正的勇氣是說出自己的想法，以及倒數第二段中的“However, the two students ... in tough environments. (然而，這兩名學生直接向正在慶祝的團隊發表講話，強調在艱難的環境中團結一致的重要性。)”可推知，兩位學生說出自己的想法，指出團隊的錯誤是真正的勇氣的體現。故選C。
7．What does the author intend to tell us
A．Kindness connects us all.
B．Being a beginner takes courage.
C．We don't have to be a hero to be brave.
D．With courage, everyone can be perfect.
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段中的“While courage is ... how we feel.”可推知，作者想要告訴我們，不一定要成為英雄才能勇敢，勇于說出自己的想法和感受才是真正的勇敢。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·江蘇省溧陽市高一下期末)Ethics (道德規范) are concerned with people's moral actions. One type of ethics is school ethics. __1__ They include students, teachers and administrators. Ethics designed for each of these groups are usually created within the institution, through professional organizations, or by both.
School ethics provide ethical standards people are expected to follow in relation to working with others and in the decision making process. Ethics also bring consequences to those who don't follow school ethics. These moral rules are significant. __2__ Moreover, they encourage people to support each other and support the school with some special requirements designed for them.
__3__ Particularly, students must respect their peers, teachers and administrators. Additionally, school ethics require students to respect their institutions which they're admitted into. One of the most significant factors concerning students and ethics in schools is plagiarism (剽竊)—students are required to hand in work that is uniquely their own and be prepared to suffer consequences if it is not.
Teachers and administrators are ethically guided through professional and institutional ethical codes. They typically are required to create a learning environment that promotes high ethical standards for students through modeling and instruction. Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment. __4__
Educators are also required to show high ethical standards in their communication with parents, peers, students, etc. Building trust is an essential part of these interactions. Teachers and administrators are ethically expected to maintain their professional training and to present themselves as representatives of the school in an ethical manner. __5__ But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.
A．Besides, the rules can be interesting.
B．Why should students follow the ethics
C．What are school ethics' requirements for students
D．To strictly follow all the ethics can be challenging.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了學校道德規范的重要性。
E．They help create an atmosphere of trust, honesty, etc.
F．Generally, such ethics apply to all people in a school.
G．Thus, all students can have equal educational chances to achieve success.
1．答案：F
2．答案：E
解析：下文“They include students, teachers and administrators.(他們包括學生、教師和行政人員。)”具體說明了道德規范適用的人群。F項(一般來說，這種道德規范適用于學校里的所有人。)引出下文。故選F。
解析：根據上文“These moral rules are significant.(這些道德準則意義重大。)”和下文“Moreover, they encourage ... designed for them.(此外，它們鼓勵人們相互支持，并為他們設計一些特殊的要求來支持學校。)”可知，E項(它們有助于創造一種信任、誠實等的氛圍。)承上啟下。故選E。
解析：設空處位于句首，為段落主旨句。根據下文“Particularly, students must respect ... they're admitted into.(特別是，學生必須尊重他們的同齡人、老師和行政人員。此外，學校道德要求學生尊重錄取他們的機構。)”可知，本段主要說明道德規范對學生的要求。C項(學校道德對學生的要求是什么？)符合語境。故選C。
3．答案：C
4．答案：G
5．答案：D
解析：根據上文“Moreover, teachers and administrators should create a safe and fair learning environment.”可知，教師和管理者應該創造一個安全公平的學習環境。G項(因此，所有學生都有平等的獲得成功的教育機會。)承接上文。故選G。
解析：根據下文“But most of the educators are supportive of these ethics.”可知，大多數教育工作者都支持這些道德規范。D項(嚴格遵守所有的道德規范具有挑戰性。)引出下文，其中all the ethics呼應下文的these ethics。故選D。
(2024· 山西省大同市第一中學忻州一中高一下期未)When Joy Diaz was growing up, her parents devoted themselves to humanitarian work. The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
“When I talk about extreme poverty, what I mean is these people lived inside the garbage dump，” Diaz said. Diaz's parents did everything they could to support those living in the dump. They started by bringing in teachers and doctors. Eventually, they were able to build a health clinic, a school, a dining hall and even set up public showers. “But while that was happening, we did not have a home. We were renters，” Diaz said.
精深閱讀
One day, years into their effort, a man showed up at Diaz's house. His name was Jack Bloxham, and he had worked with the Diaz family in the past to provide care for community members. He'd come all the way from Richmond, Virginia. “He flew into Mexico City, hopped in a taxi, came to the house, saw my mum and just gave her this paper bag full of money, full of cash. And he said, ‘For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. So here's the money. Buy a house，’” Diaz remembered.
Diaz believes this act of kindness changed her life. Her family moved into a middle class neighbourhood, and the money they saved on rent instead paid for college fee. But the impact of Bloxham's generosity didn't end there. “It changed the trajectory of generations，” Diaz explained. “Today my children live in a middle class neighbourhood, and because I am college educated, I am able to have a better job than I could have had before.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Joy Diaz (喬伊·迪亞茲)的成長故事，通過個人經歷和具體事例展現了人性中的善良與慷慨對他人生活的深刻影響。
Bloxham is now in his nineties. Diaz says she will always remember his kindness. “I am forever grateful, Jack. Thank you.”
1．Which words can best describe Diaz's parents
A．Creative and knowledgeable.
B．Kind and caring.
C．Poor but optimistic.
D．Wealthy but lazy.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“When Joy Diaz was growing up ... to humanitarian work.”和“they still found ways ... in extreme poverty”可知，Diaz的父母致力于人道主義工作，幫助貧困人群，由此可推知，他們是善良和有愛心的。故選B。
2．What did Diaz's parents do for those living in the dump
A．They put up a dining hall.
B．They offered free meals.
C．They taught for free in a school.
D．They built a big hospital.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“They started by bringing in teachers ... and even set up public showers. (他們從引進教師和醫生開始。最終，他們建起了一家診所、一所學校、一個餐廳，甚至還建立了公共浴室。)”可知，Diaz的父母為住在垃圾堆里的人們建了一個餐廳。故選A。
3．Why did Jack Bloxham give money to Diaz's mum
A．To give back to society.
B．To earn people's respect.
C．To help buy a house for the Diaz family.
D．To support the community members.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“He flew into Mexico City ... Buy a house，’ Diaz remembered.”可知，Jack Bloxham (杰克·布洛克斯漢姆)給Diaz母親的錢是為了幫助Diaz一家買房子。故選C。
4．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Diaz went to college.
B．Diaz paid the rent with Bloxham's money.
C．Bloxham was ninety when he bought a house.
D．The Diaz family moved to an upper class neighbourhood.
解析：推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“It changed the trajectory of generations ... I could have had before.”可推知，Diaz上了大學，并且因為受過高等教育，她能夠擁有比以前更好的工作。故選A。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．humanitarian adj. ________________
2．________ adj. 極端的；極度的
3．________ n. 努力，試圖，盡力
4．________ n. 影響
5．____________ n. 慷慨，大方
人道主義的
extreme
effort
impact
generosity
(二)高頻短語
6．___________________ 獻身于……
7．________ 建立
8．________________ 專程造訪；遠道而來
9．show up __________
10．provide ... for ... ________________
devote oneself to ...
set up
come all the way
出現
為……提供……
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
11．We'd like you to accept this gift in payment for your ___________ (kind)．
12．I ____________ (eventual) realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice.
13．The ________ (dine) hall was packed with students having their lunch.
kindness
eventually
dining
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
14．He shouted so loudly that the whole neighbourhood could hear him. ______________________
15．If you are a renter and need to make an online inquiry, please click here. ____________
16．How can you live in this dump _______________________
街區；鄰近的地方
租客
垃圾場；骯臟的地方
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
17．She seems to think I should be thankful to have a job at all.________
18．The government has supplied food and water to the victims of the natural disaster. __________
19．His parents intended him to be a doctor, but he ended up becoming an artist instead.________
grateful
provide， mean， grateful
provided
meant
(六)長難句分析
20．The family lived in Mexico City, and although they were anything but wealthy, they still found ways to help people who were living in extreme poverty.
句意：這家人住在墨西哥城，雖然他們一點也不富裕，但他們仍然找到方法來幫助生活在極端貧困中的人。
分析：這是一個由并列連詞and連接的并列句。第一個分句的主干是____________________________；第二個分句的主干是____________________；although引導___________從句，who引導________從句，修飾限定先行詞________。
The family lived in Mexico City
they still found ways
讓步狀語
定語
people
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
21．When they ____________ (出現) for their Sunday game, they were completely different.
22．It was built by Mrs Stanford to remember her husband who ________________ (獻身于) the university.
showed up
devoted himself to
(八)仿寫句子
23．For many years, I've been wanting to buy a house for you. (現在完成進行時)
仿寫：我已經學了五年英語了，但還不是很流利。
_____________________________________________________________
I have been studying English for five years and I'm still not fluent.

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