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Section A What can plants and animals do
（Grammar Focus）
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
At the end of the class, we are able to:
1. master the usage of superlatives with -(i)est and most;
2. use superlatives with -(i)est and most to talk about animals and plants.
Learning Objectives
Warming Up
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Watch this video and tell me what it is about.
It’s about comparatives and superlatives.
Today we are going to learn superlatives with -(i)est and most.
Presentation
3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold.
What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
Superlatives with -(i)est and most
n. /l nd/
adj. / fr k n/
形容詞、副詞的最高級
當我們要將三個或三個以上的人或事物進行比較時，可以用形容詞或副詞的最高級形式來表達。
注意：
形容詞最高級前要加定冠詞the，副詞最高級前的the有時可省略。
定義
形容詞、副詞最高級的規則變化
單音節和少數 雙音節單詞 構成方法 原級 最高級
一般在詞匯尾加-est tall, long, short, old, hard, fast
以字母e結尾的副詞直接加-st nice, fine, large, close, late
以重讀閉音節結尾的詞，如 末尾只有一個輔音字母，應 先雙寫該字母，再加-est big, hot, thin
tallest, longest,
shortest, oldest,
hardest, fastest
nicest, finest,
largest, closest,
latest
biggest, hottest,
thinnest
構成方法 原級 最高級
單音節和少數 雙音節單詞 以“輔音字母 +y” 結尾的副詞，先把y變成i，再加-est busy, easy, early
大部分雙音節 和多音節單詞 在單詞前加most careful, carefully, dangerous, slowly, beautiful, beautifully
busiest,
easiest,
earliest
most careful,
most carefully,
most dangerous,
most slowly,
most beautiful,
most beautifully
最高級表達的是三個及三個以上事物的比較狀況，所以后面通常用in /of /among...來表示比較的范圍。
Tips
Andy is the tallest in our class.
安迪是我們班個子最高的。
Linda lives (the) closest to school of all my classmates.
在我所有的同班同學中，琳達住得離學校最近。
Tips
由“動詞+-ed”或“動詞+-ing”構成的形容詞變最高級時，通常在該形容詞前加 most。
interesting → most interesting relaxed → most relaxed
exciting → most exciting boring → most boring
形容詞、副詞最高級的構成（不規則變化）
原級 最高級
good/well
bad/badly/ill
many/much
little
far
old
best
worst
most
least
farthest / furthest
oldest / eldest
最高級的常用句型
（一）
“主語+ be+ the+形容詞最高級+in/of 短語” 意為“……是……中最……的”。
e.g. My mother is the busiest one in my family.
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.
e.g. Tianjin is one of the biggest cities in China.
“主語+實義動詞（+the）+副詞最高級+in/of 短語”意為“……在……中最……”。
e.g. Tom works (the) hardest in Class 3.
“主語+be+ one of the+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數+in/of 短語”意為“……是……中最……的……之一”。
最高級的常用句型
（二）
“疑問詞+be+the+形容詞最高級，A、B or C ”用于三個或三個以上的人或事物之間的比較。
“疑問詞+助動詞+主語+動詞原形（+the)+副詞最高級，A、B or C”
e.g. Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill
e.g. Which city do you like best, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou
“主語+be + the+序數詞+形容詞最高級+可數名詞單數+in/of 短語”意為“……在……中是第幾……的……”。
e.g. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
比較級形式表示最高級含義
① “比較級 + than any other + 可數名詞單數” = “比較級 + than the other + 可數名詞復數”，表示“比其他任何/所有……都……”。該句型在同一范圍內進行比較。
e.g. China is larger than any other country/the other countries in Asia.
② “比較級 + than any + 可數名詞單數”，意為 “比任何……都”，表示不在同一范圍內比較。
e.g. China is larger than any country in Africa.
③ “否定 + 比較級”，意為 “不能更……”或“再……不過了”，表示最高級的意思。
e.g. It couldn’t be better. 那再好不過了。
I can’t agree more. 我再同意不過了。
Instant Training
寫出下列單詞的最高級。
nice _______ easy _______ thin _______
hot _______ much _______ high _______
clever _______ happy _______ little _______
fat _______ big _______ good _______
far ______________ tall _______ old _______
beautiful _________________ important _________________
nicest
easiest
thinnest
hottest
most
highest
cleverest
happiest
least
fattest
biggest
best
farthest/furthest
tallest
oldest
the most beautiful
the most important
3b Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets.
Practice
1. Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are ______________ (cute) animals in the world.
2. Which do you think is ___________________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower
n. /r z/
the cutest
the most beautiful
n. / pi ni/
n. / l t s/
3. Look at that butterfly! It has ___________________ (colourful) wings.
4. Which animal jumps ______________ (high), the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog
5. The elephant birds were______________ (large) and _____________ (heavy) birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg.
the most colourful
the highest
the largest
the heaviest
n. / b t fla /
n. /w /
n. /fr ɡ/
v. /we /
kg (= kilogram kilogramme) / k l ɡr m/
Production
3c Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box.
ancient beautiful common good popular
The ginkgo tree is one of ___________________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life.
the most ancient
n. / ɡ k /
ancient beautiful common good popular
Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ___________________.
Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is ___________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of ___________________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China.
the most beautiful
the best
the most common
n. / pr v ns/
v. /b li v/
When autumn comes, one of ___________________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart.
the most popular
ancient beautiful common good popular
Exercises
一、根據漢語釋義填空。
1. The Chang’e 6 _________(著陸) on the far side of the moon on June 2, 2024.
2. How heavy is the biggest blue whale
—As I know, it _________(有……重) about 181，000 kilos.
3. Seeing a ___________(蝴蝶) resting on a flower, the girl moved quietly to have a look at it.
4. The bird can fly in the sky because it has two _________(翅膀).
landed
weighs
butterfly
wings
二、用括號內單詞的正確形式填空。
1. (2025云南改編) Journey to the West is one of the ____________(famous) classic novels in China. People like reading it.
2. The Siberian tiger, known as the Northeast Tiger in China, is the __________ (large) tiger of all.
3. Basketball is one of the __________(big) sports in our school!
4. Though Monica did ________(badly) in the exam in her class, she still didn’t give up learning.
5. —What is the __________(high) world’s mountain
—Mount Qomolangma.
largest
biggest
worst
highest
most famous
1. Grammar:
Superlatives with -(i)est and most
2. Words and expressions:
land, African, rose, peony, lotus, butterfly, wing, frog, weigh, kg (= kilogram), ginkgo, believe, province, up to, take a walk
Summary

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