資源簡介

英語 必修 第二冊RJ
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．Confucius n. 孔子
2．mansion n. 公館；宅第
3．cemetery n. 墓地；公墓
4．heel n. 足跟；(腳、襪子、鞋等的)后跟
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孫
2．individual adj. 單獨的；個別的　n. 個人
三、拓展單詞：寫出英文單詞，并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
philosophy n. 哲學→philosopher n. 哲學家
四、核心短語：寫出英語表達
Achilles'__heel (喻)(希臘神話)阿喀琉斯的腳跟，致命的弱點
連讀的發音規則　一般來說，相鄰的兩個單詞屬于同一意群時，前一個單詞末尾的某些音素和后一個單詞詞首的某些音素，可連起來讀。連讀在語言交際中比較常見。正確、自然地連讀是語言流暢性的重要體現。
一、幾種常見的連讀情況
1．輔音＋元音：相鄰的兩詞中，前一個詞以輔音結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭時，一般將輔音和元音連起來讀。如：
2．r/re＋元音：前一個詞以 r或 re結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，此時r或re要發/r/音，并與其后的元音連讀。如：
3．元音＋元音：前一個單詞以/I/或/i /結尾，后一個單詞以元音開頭時，添加/j/后連讀；前一個單詞以/ /或/u /結尾，后一個單詞以元音開頭，添加/w/后連讀。如：
【溫馨提示】　
連讀規則是與意義緊密聯系的，即連讀的前提條件是相鄰的兩個詞需屬于同一個意群，否則不能連讀。
二、根據上述連讀規則，朗讀下面的小詩，體會詩中的語音連讀
三、話題悅讀
Most people all over the world travel by road. In a city in Italy, however, waterways make up the primary commuting routes. The city of Venice is best known for its canals. Unfortunately, this beautiful city of flat－bottomed boats (Gondolas), and churches is sinking and sinking fast.
Known as the “Queen of the Adriatic”， Venice is situated on more than one hundred islands formed by canals between the mouths of the Po and Piave Rivers. And even the bits of firm ground have rather boggy foundations and all these are slowly getting eroded (腐蝕).
The existing groundwater table and the global climate changes that have raised sea levels by several inches, are proving its disaster for the city. As sea ice melts and water levels rise, floods in Venice are getting from bad to worse. And buildings are already feeling the impact of this phenomenon, with their foundations literally being shaken. Take one of the most famous landmarks of Venice for example, the St. Mark's Basilica, now leans slightly to the left.
Experts warn that the city may sink an additional eight inches in the next 50 years. Many scared residents have already started to move to drier regions in Italy's mainland. To deal with the flood threat, a group of Venetians, called the New Venice Consortium, has come up with “Project Moses”—a dam project named after the biblical figure, Moses. The idea is to place underwater gates at different points where the Adriatic Sea enters the lagoon (環礁湖). When the water is low, the gates will remain open and as the water rises, the gates will close, preventing the seawater from flooding Venice.
讀后請用自己的話概述上面語篇的內容。
Venice__is__facing__the__danger__of__sinking__under__water__on__account__of__the__rise__of__sea__water.__The__foundations__of__the__buildings__are__not__solid__and__some__famous__buildings__begin__to__slope.__Many__residents__have__already__started__to__move__to__drier__regions__because__the__city__may__sink__an__extra__eight__inches.__Some__Venetians__have__thought__of__ways,__among__which__is__“Project__Moses”．__
探究一　熱詞
高頻詞
1.descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孫(教材P38)
descend v. 下降；下去；降臨 a descendant of ……的子孫/后代/衍生物 be descended from sb 是某人的后裔 descend into sth 逐漸陷入 descend on/upon (突然)大批來訪 descend to sth 降低身份去做；竟做出；墮落到……地步
【語境感知】
He claimed to be descended from a Spanish prince, but in later years, he descended to the level of personal insults. Under his government, the country was descending into chaos. Later on, invaders from overseas descended on the capital city, and soon, the country fell apart.
他聲稱是一位西班牙王子的后裔，但后來竟卑鄙到進行人身侮辱的地步。在他的統治下，這個國家陷入一片混亂。再后來，海外侵略者涌入都城，很快，這個國家就分崩離析了。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Many of them are descendants (descend) of the original settlers.
②Black Americans are__descended (descend) from West African people.
【學會表達】完成句子
③每年夏天都有數以千計的游客涌入這個城鎮。
Thousands of visitors descend__on/upon__the__town each summer.
2.individual adj. 單獨的；個別的　n. 個人(教材P39)
individually adv. 單獨地；個別地 individual character 個性；個性人物 individual resume 個人簡介；個人簡歷 individual account 個人賬戶 each individual 每個個體
【語境感知】
①They wait for the group to decide rather than making individual decisions.
他們等待集體決定，而不是單獨作出決定。
②The competition is open to both teams and individuals.
團隊和個人均可參加比賽。
③The children will first sing individually and then together as a group.
孩子們首先將單獨演唱，然后再一起合唱。
④What is the scope of application of individual account
個人賬戶的適用范圍是什么？
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Like many creative individuals (individual), she can be very bad－tempered.
②The hotel has 100 individually (individual) designed bedrooms.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
③樹上的每一片葉子都是不同的。
Each__individual__leaf__on__the__tree__is__different.
探究二　長難句分析
3．As one of Confucius' descendants, Xiao Kong's name is recorded in the family tree.(教材P38) 作為孔子的后代之一，小孔的名字被記載在家譜上。
【分析】　as在此處用作介詞，意為“作為”。此外，as還可以作連詞引導從句。 as作為連詞引導從句的用法： 引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……時，隨著……” 引導方式狀語從句，意為“按照……方式” 引導原因狀語從句，意為“由于，因為” 引導比較狀語從句，意為“和……一樣”，多用于as ... as ... 或not so/as ... as ... 結構，前一個as是副詞，后一個as是連詞；它所引導的比較狀語從句多使用省略形式 引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”，從句通常用倒裝語序(把從句的表語、狀語或動詞原形放在as前面)，單數可數名詞提前時應省略冠詞 引導非限制性定語從句，從句可放在句首或句末，也可放在主句中間，意為“正如……，正像……”
【語境感知】
①It is surveyed that 50 percent of the patients do not take medicine as they are directed.
據調查，50%的病人沒有遵照指示服藥。
②She may need some help as she's new.
她是新來的，可能需要一些幫助。
③Secondly, hardworking and well－prepared as I am, I still lack confidence.
其次，盡管我既努力又做好了充分準備，但我仍然缺乏信心。(求助信)
④As the forecast predicted, the weather was horrible for the whole weekend.
正如天氣預報所預測的那樣，整個周末天氣都很糟糕。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He has worked as a diplomat in the US, Sudan and Saudi Arabia.
②The result was not so good as I had expected.
【學會表達】完成句子
③正如我在電話中所解釋的，下次會議將考慮你的要求。
As__I__explained__on__the__phone,__your request will be considered at the next meeting.
④由于天色已晚，我決定到一家旅館辦理住宿手續。
As__it__was__getting__late,__I decided to book into a hotel.
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義 b.匹配下列短語的詞義
(A)1.philosophy (E)2.mansion (C)3.descendant (B)4.Confucius (D)5.cemetery　 A．n. 哲學 B．n. 孔子 C．n. 后裔；后代；子孫 D．n. 墓地；公墓 E．n. 公館；宅第 (C)6.Achilles' heel (A)7.Kong Family Mansion (E)8.lead to (D)9.a research project (B)10.hold on 　　　 A.孔府 B.堅持 C.致命的弱點 D.研究項目 E.通向；導致
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．Confucius n. 孔子
2．favourite adj. 最喜歡的　n. 特別喜愛的人(或事物)
3．mansion n. 公館；宅第
4．risk n. 風險；危險；危險人物(事物)　vt. 冒……的風險(或危險)
5．cemetery n. 墓地；公墓
6．philosophy n. 哲學
7．heap n. 一堆；大量；老爺車　vt. 堆積(東西)；對(某人)大加贊揚(或批評等)
8．descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孫
9．individual adj. 單獨的；個別的　n. 個人
10．heel n. 足跟；(腳、襪子、鞋等的)后跟
Ⅲ.選詞填空
philosopher, descend, individual, understanding, record, loss, force, similar
1．Over 120 species of birds have__been__recorded in this National Park in the last ten years.
2．Adam Smith was not only a master of economy, but also an outstanding philosopher．
3．We have had a successful year, both collectively and individually.
4．The pressure of city life forced him to move to the country.
5．Eventually, the ship was out of sight as the sun descended toward the horizon.
6．It is said that the stadium suffered serious loss in the flood last week.
7．Your coat is similar to mine, but they differ in quality.
8．She decided to take extra math classes to improve her understanding of the subject and boost her grades.
Ⅳ.單句語法填空
1．The path descended steeply into the valley.
2．We try to treat our students as individuals (individual)．
3．The days are gone (go) when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
4．As the students walked along the lake, they sang happily.
5．Live now, pay later—that's my philosophy (philosopher) of life!
6．What are you going to spend your winnings (win) on
7．When she opened the door she was greeted by a scene of confusion (confuse).
8．The carpet of leaves in my yard became more and more noticeable (notice).
Ⅴ.完成表達
1．Are you for real, or are you just pulling__my__leg (逗我玩)
2．I feel__like__a__fish__out__of__water (感到不自在) at the party because I know no one.
3．I'm trying to eat healthily, but chocolate is my Achilles'__heel (致命的弱點)．
Ⅵ.完整表達
1．我認為你應該向老師尋求幫助。(賓語從句)
I__think__that__you__should__turn__to__the__teacher__for__help.
2．由于那天是公共假日，所有的商店都關門了。(as引導的狀語從句)
As__it__was__a__public__holiday,__all__the__shops__were__shut.
3．莉莉的爸爸正在自學漢語。(現在進行時)
Lily's__father__is__learning__Chinese__by__himself.
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·吉林省延邊州高一上期末)A visit to one of the New Seven Wonders of the World can be one of the most exciting and unforgettable vacations you and your family can take. For a quick introduction of the Wonders, this text presents only four of the historic sites.
Giza Necropolis of Egypt
Located about 12 miles from Cairo, Giza Necropolis features (以……為特色) the Great Pyramid and the Great Sphinx of Giza and is about over 4，500 years old. It is easy to take public transportation from Cairo but families should consider booking a personal guide or group trip from a tour operator such as Go Travel Egypt or Viator.
The Great Wall of China
With a history dating back to 476 BCE, the Great Wall stretches (綿延) 13，170 miles across China. The most famous and most visited section of the Great Wall is Badaling. A number of tour operators can be found in Beijing, with recommendations including Viator, The Great Wall Hiking and Discover Beijing Tours. Admission (門票費) to Badaling is just 45 Chinese Yuan(about $7.50) but a guided tour from Beijing starts at around $75.
Petra of Jordan
Rediscovered in 1812, Petra was the fourth century BCE capital of the Nabataean empire. Known for its intricate (錯綜復雜的) carvings into a sandstone mountain, Petra was a business center, located between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea. Tours to the Lost City can be arranged in Israel or from Anman, the capital and largest city of Jordan 150 miles to the north.
Colosseum of Italy
Located in the ancient center of Rome, the Colosseum started to be built in 72 CE and was finished in 80 CE. Till today, the Colosseum is still the largest amphitheater (圓形競技場) in the world. Guided tours are easy to find from a number of operators but tickets for self guided tours can be bought on site for 12 euro.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四個歷史遺址。
1．What can Viator probably do for tourists？(　　)
A．Lend money to them.
B．Offer wonderful partners.
C．Arrange their work schedules.
D．Provide tour service.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據Giza Necropolis of Egypt部分中的“It is easy ... Go Travel Egypt or Viator.(從開羅乘坐公共交通工具很方便，但家庭應該考慮向Go Travel Egypt或Viator等旅行社預訂私人導游或團體旅行。)”可知，Viator是一家旅行社，可以為游客提供旅游服務。故選D。
2．Which of the following has the shortest history？(　　)
A．Petra of Jordan.
B．Colosseum of Italy.
C．The Great Wall of China.
D．Giza Necropolis of Egypt.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據Giza Necropolis of Egypt部分中的“Located about 12 miles ... over 4，500 years old.”、The Great Wall of China部分中的“With a history ... across China.”、Petra of Jordan部分中的“Rediscovered in 1812 ... Nabataean empire.”以及Colosseum of Italy部分中的“Located in the ... finished in 80 CE.”可知，這四個歷史遺址中歷史最短的是意大利古羅馬斗獸場。故選B。
3．What can we know about the four New Wonders of the World？(　　)
A．They are new sites.
B．They attract only young people.
C．They provide guides.
D．They feature ancient civilisation.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。通讀全文可知，這四個歷史遺址都以古代文明為特色。故選D。
B
(2024·福建南平市高級中學高一上階段練習)Spain is a country that lies in southwestern Europe. It's surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the south and the east, while to the north and northeast of Spain lie France, Andorra and the Bay of Biscay. The west and northwest of Spain are surrounded by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
The official name of the state is the Kingdom of Spain. Madrid is the capital city, which is also one of the famous places in Spain. Spain, which covers 505，925 square kilometres, is one of the largest countries in Europe.
The weather in Spain differs from one area to another. Most of the rain that happens in Spain is in the mountainous areas. The plains hardly receive any rainfall.
Soccer is an important part of life in Spain. It's said that Spanish children learn to walk and play soccer at exactly the same time. Real Madrid and FC Barcelona are two Spanish soccer teams, which are respected by soccer fans not only in Spain, but all over the world. The popularity of the sport can be judged from the fact that three major soccer teams, which are Real Madrid, Atletico de Madrid, and Rayo Vallecano, were born in Madrid.
If you are a tourist, then you will want to know about the driving rules in Spain. If you're not from the European Union, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, or Liechtenstein, then for you to drive you'll have to carry your international driver's license. Bad news if you haven't celebrated your 18th birthday. If you want to rent a car, then you must have completed 21 years of age. If you're driving, make sure you take all the documents at all times during your stay in Spain.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了西班牙的地理位置、首都、面積、氣候以及足球文化，同時還詳細說明了游客在西班牙駕車的注意事項，包括需要攜帶的證件和年齡限制等。
4．Paragraph 1 is mainly about ________．(　　)
A．the history of Spain
B．the location of Spain
C．famous cities in Spain
D．neighbouring countries of Spain
答案：B
解析：段落大意題。根據第一段“Spain is a country ... the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，第一段主要介紹了西班牙的地理位置。故選B。
5．What is the best example showing that soccer is popular in Spain？(　　)
A．Three major soccer teams were born in Madrid.
B．Spanish people enjoy watching soccer matches.
C．Spanish people play soccer when they are walking.
D．Spanish soccer teams have fans all over the world.
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“The popularity of ... were born in Madrid.”可知，足球在西班牙很受歡迎的最好的例子是在馬德里誕生了三支主要的足球隊。故選A。
6．Who is allowed to rent a car in Spain？(　　)
A．Tom who is 17 years old.
B．Jenny who is 19 years old.
C．Mike who is 20 years old.
D．Bruce who is 22 years old.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“If you want ... during your stay in Spain.”可知，在西班牙租車需要年滿21歲，由此可推知，22歲的Bruce (布魯斯)可以在西班牙租車。故選D。
7．The purpose of the passage is to ________．(　　)
A．explain how to enjoy life in Spain
B．prove Spain is a beautiful country
C．make readers know more about Spain
D．attract more people to pay a visit to Spain
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。文章第一、二段介紹了西班牙的地理位置和國土信息，第三段介紹了西班牙的氣候，第四段介紹了西班牙的足球文化，第五段介紹了西班牙的一些旅游信息。所以本文的目的是讓讀者更多地了解西班牙。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·江蘇省鹽城市高一上月考)In ancient times, people tracked the seasons by following the lunar months. Many times, the names of the moons were related with what features the seasons had. 1(____) It is a special name with a history dating back to Native American tribes (部落). The name is also thought to have a Celtic origin, brought over to North America by European settlers.
Regardless of where the name Wolf Moon comes from, wolves howl (嚎叫) to communicate over long distances both in North America and in Europe. It is a way of saying “here I am” to the rest of the pack or “stay away” to enemies. 2(____) As the late summer moves towards fall, wolves call more and more to neighbors and enemies.
3(____) However, howls by a pack can last from 30 to 120 seconds, and longer during the breeding (繁殖) season. As a result, wolves are particularly loud in the first month of the year. 4(____)
Science has not shown that the Moon phase (月相) plays any particular part in the calls of wolves, but wolves are animals that are in general more active at night. 5(____) They point their faces toward the sky because projecting their howls upward carries the sound farther.
A．They are energetic in January.
B．Wolves howl in the direction of the Moon.
C．In spring and early summer, wolves howl to seek mates.
D．An average howl from a single wolf lasts from 3 to 7 seconds.
E．That is probably why people related January with howling wolves.
F．It doesn't quite fit in with the traditional Full Moon naming system.
G．January's Full Moon in North America is known as the Wolf Moon.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一月的滿月在北美被稱為狼月的由來及狼嚎的意義。
1．答案：G
解析：下文“It is a special name ... by European settlers.”介紹了一個名字的由來。G項(一月的滿月在北美被稱為狼月。)引出下文。故選G。
2．答案：C
解析：下文“As the late summer moves towards fall, wolves call more and more to neighbors and enemies.”說明隨著季節的變化，狼嚎的意義也會不同。C項(在春天和初夏，狼會嚎叫尋找配偶。)引出下文。故選C。
3．答案：D
解析：下文“However, howls by a pack ... the breeding (繁殖) season.”說明群狼嚎叫可以持續很長時間。D項(一只狼的嚎叫平均持續3到7秒。)引出下文，與下文構成轉折關系。故選D。
4．答案：E
解析：上文“As a result, wolves are particularly loud in the first month of the year.”提到狼在一年的頭一個月的嚎叫聲特別大。E項(這可能就是為什么人們把一月份和嚎叫的狼聯系在一起。)承接上文，與上文構成因果關系。故選E。
5．答案：B
解析：上文“Science has not shown ... more active at night.”提到，科學并沒有表明月相對狼叫有什么特殊影響，但通常狼在晚上更活躍。B項(狼朝月亮的方向嚎叫。)承接上文。故選B。
　精深閱讀
(2024·重慶市實驗外國語學校高一下月考)English history is vast, from its rule under the Romans to the rise, heights and fall of the British Empire. When choosing a book to recommend on my country's history, I wanted something that could summarize this sweeping history but didn't get stuck in the details of things that hold me back from completely engaging with this truly rich history. Then, I found Dominic Haynes' A Brief History of England.
The book is a tour through the whole of English history, from its earliest people to the movement of settlers from Europe. It looks at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, Elizabeth Ⅰ's ruling and the lasting impact of Shakespeare. Then it touches on the English Civil Wars and the shift of rule from kings and queens to the parliament (議會) running the country and the establishment of the political parties. It also covers the Napoleonic Wars and the world wars and even considers England's post－Brexit (脫歐后的) present and future.
This really is quite the sweeping book. However, it's very short. This means it's easy to navigate and get a hold of a huge amount of history, but it also means it's very light on the details. At times, this can be upset, as there are parts where it feels like just another paragraph or page would really elevate this book. But for an introduction to English history or perhaps a reminder or refresher, it's great and particularly useful as it is likely to fill in some gaps in your knowledge.
Furthermore, because of the pace of the book, there's not a boring moment. It's a real page－turner,__covering the succession (交替) of kings and queens, wars, and changes in the social order of the country at home and the country's influence across the world.
One reviewer on Amazon described the book as “a small masterpiece”， and said. “This is a great book for anyone who wants to get a crash course in English history or for those who want a quick reference to that subject.”
So, jump in, dear readers, and get a hold of what made England what it was, what it went on to be, and where it may stand in our global future.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《英國簡史》這本書的內容及作者的閱讀感受。
1．What is the main focus of Dominic Haynes' A Brief History of England
A．Detailed exploration of England's political parties.
B．In－depth analysis of England's post－Brexit policies.
C．An introduction to the British Empire's rise and fall.
D．A brief overview of England's historical shifts and events.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段“The book is ... present and future.”可知，《英國簡史》這本書簡要概述了英格蘭的歷史變遷和事件。故選D。
2．What is a weakness mentioned of the reviewer regarding the book
A．Its pace is slow and upset.
B．It dives too deeply into political issues.
C．There's a shortage of information on wars.
D．It lacks detailed information due to its shortness.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“However, it's very short ... elevate this book.”可知，這本書的缺點是由于篇幅短，缺乏詳細的信息。故選D。
3．Which of following can best explain the underlined word “page－turner”？
A．A book that is exciting to read.
B．A book that is complicated.
C．A book that is easy to understand.
D．A book that has lots of pages to turn.
答案：A
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前文“Furthermore, because of ... a boring moment.”可知，這本書沒有無聊的時刻，由此可推知，畫線詞表示引人入勝的書，與A項(一本讀起來令人興奮的書。)意思相近。故選A。
4．What is the main purpose of this text
A．To call on people to know the UK's history.
B．To recommend a book of the UK's history.
C．To suggest ways to know the UK's history.
D．To comment on the politics of the UK's history.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段“English history is vast ... A Brief History of England.”及最后一段“So, jump in ... our global future.”可推知，作者寫本文是為了推薦一本關于英國歷史的書。故選B。
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．vast adj. 遼闊的；巨大的；龐大的
2．height n. 高度；極端；高潮
3．recommend vt. 推薦；建議
4．summarize v. 總結；概述；概括
5．gap n. 縫隙；差距；缺口
(二)高頻短語
6．hold sb back from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
7．impact__of__...__ ……的影響
8．describe__...__as__...__ 把……描述為……
9．jump in 不假思索地去做某事
10．get__a__hold__of 抓住(某物)；領會(某要點)
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
11．Sky diving never appeals to me because I am afraid of heights (high)．
12．Peter was able to scare away the bear with a sudden movement (move)．
13．The establishment (establish) of the committee is greatly significant to the protection of the world cultural heritage.
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
14．Likewise, China's influence also spread across other countries.影響
15．Beijing is a diverse and dynamic city, not to mention that it's the political and cultural centre of our country.政治的
16．The painting is a masterpiece in the truest sense of the world.杰作
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
impact， last， run
17．We have the expertise to help you manage your business. run
18．This program helps bring continuous learning in your enterprise. lasting
19．It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her life. impact
(六)長難句分析
20．When choosing a book to recommend on my country's history, I wanted something that could summarize this sweeping history but didn't get stuck in the details of things that hold me back from completely engaging with this truly rich history.
句意：當選擇一本關于我國歷史的書來推薦時，我希望它能總結這段浩繁的歷史，但又不拘泥于細節，以免阻礙我完全了解這段真正豐富的歷史。
分析：主干是 I__wanted__something；when＋現在分詞短語作時間狀語；兩個that分別引導兩個定語從句，but連接其所在定語從句中的兩個并列謂語動詞could__summarize和didn't__get__stuck。
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
21．Do your thoughts inspire you, or hold__you__back__from (阻止你成為……) your best self
22．The specific impact__of (……的影響) the greenhouse effect is unknowable.
(八)仿寫句子
23．This means it's easy to navigate and get a hold of a huge amount of history, but it also means it's very light on the details. (it作形式主語)
仿寫：年輕人給老人讓座是有禮貌的。
It__is__good__manners__for__the__young__to__give__their__seats__to__the__old.
17(共69張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
單元主題：人與社會——歷史與傳統
UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
預學檢測 單詞打卡
自主學習 助力聽說
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業
5
預學檢測 單詞打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．Confucius n. __________
2．mansion n. ________________
3．cemetery n. ________________
4．heel n. ______________________________
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．___________ n. 后裔；后代；子孫
2．___________ adj. 單獨的；個別的　n. 個人
孔子
公館;宅第
墓地;公墓
足跟;(腳、襪子、鞋等的)后跟
descendant
individual
三、拓展單詞：寫出英文單詞，并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
___________ n. 哲學→____________ n. 哲學家
四、核心短語：寫出英語表達
________________ (喻)(希臘神話)阿喀琉斯的腳跟，致命的弱點
philosophy
philosopher
Achilles' heel
自主學習 助力聽說
連讀的發音規則　一般來說，相鄰的兩個單詞屬于同一意群時，前一個單詞末尾的某些音素和后一個單詞詞首的某些音素，可連起來讀。連讀在語言交際中比較常見。正確、自然地連讀是語言流暢性的重要體現。
一、幾種常見的連讀情況
1．輔音＋元音：相鄰的兩詞中，前一個詞以輔音結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭時，一般將輔音和元音連起來讀。如：
2．r/re＋元音：前一個詞以 r或 re結尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，此時r或re要發/r/音，并與其后的元音連讀。如：
3．元音＋元音：前一個單詞以/I/或/i /結尾，后一個單詞以元音開頭時，添加/j/后連讀；前一個單詞以/ /或/u /結尾，后一個單詞以元音開頭，添加/w/后連讀。如：
【溫馨提示】　
連讀規則是與意義緊密聯系的，即連讀的前提條件是相鄰的兩個詞需屬于同一個意群，否則不能連讀。
二、根據上述連讀規則，朗讀下面的小詩，體會詩中的語音連讀
三、話題悅讀
Most people all over the world travel by road. In a city in Italy, however, waterways make up the primary commuting routes. The city of Venice is best known for its canals. Unfortunately, this beautiful city of flat－bottomed boats (Gondolas), and churches is sinking and sinking fast.
Known as the “Queen of the Adriatic”， Venice is situated on more than one hundred islands formed by canals between the mouths of the Po and Piave Rivers. And even the bits of firm ground have rather boggy foundations and all these are slowly getting eroded (腐蝕).
The existing groundwater table and the global climate changes that have raised sea levels by several inches, are proving its disaster for the city. As sea ice melts and water levels rise, floods in Venice are getting from bad to worse. And buildings are already feeling the impact of this phenomenon, with their foundations literally being shaken. Take one of the most famous landmarks of Venice for example, the St. Mark's Basilica, now leans slightly to the left.
Experts warn that the city may sink an additional eight inches in the next 50 years. Many scared residents have already started to move to drier regions in Italy's mainland. To deal with the flood threat, a group of Venetians, called the New Venice Consortium, has come up with “Project Moses”—a dam project named after the biblical figure, Moses. The idea is to place underwater gates at different points where the Adriatic Sea enters the lagoon (環礁湖). When the water is low, the gates will remain open and as the water rises, the gates will close, preventing the seawater from flooding Venice.
讀后請用自己的話概述上面語篇的內容。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Venice is facing the danger of sinking under water on account of the rise of sea water. The foundations of the buildings are not solid and some famous buildings begin to slope. Many residents have already started to move to drier regions because the city may sink an extra eight inches. Some Venetians have thought of ways, among which is “Project Moses”.
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
descend v. 下降；下去；降臨
a descendant of ……的子孫/后代/衍生物
be descended from sb 是某人的后裔
descend into sth 逐漸陷入
descend on/upon (突然)大批來訪
descend to sth 降低身份去做；竟做出；墮落到……地步
1.descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孫(教材P38)
高頻詞
【語境感知】
He claimed to be descended from a Spanish prince, but in later years, he descended to the level of personal insults. Under his government, the country was descending into chaos. Later on, invaders from overseas descended on the capital city, and soon, the country fell apart.
他聲稱是一位西班牙王子的后裔，但后來竟卑鄙到進行人身侮辱的地步。在他的統治下，這個國家陷入一片混亂。再后來，海外侵略者涌入都城，很快，這個國家就分崩離析了。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Many of them are ______________ (descend) of the original settlers.
②Black Americans _______________ (descend) from West African people.
【學會表達】完成句子
③每年夏天都有數以千計的游客涌入這個城鎮。
Thousands of visitors ________________________ each summer.
descendants
are descended
descend on/upon the town
individually adv. 單獨地；個別地
individual character 個性；個性人物
individual resume 個人簡介；個人簡歷
individual account 個人賬戶
each individual 每個個體
2.individual adj. 單獨的；個別的　n. 個人(教材P39)
【語境感知】
①They wait for the group to decide rather than making individual decisions.
他們等待集體決定，而不是單獨作出決定。
②The competition is open to both teams and individuals.
團隊和個人均可參加比賽。
③The children will first sing individually and then together as a group.
孩子們首先將單獨演唱，然后再一起合唱。
④What is the scope of application of individual account
個人賬戶的適用范圍是什么？
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Like many creative ____________ (individual), she can be very bad-tempered.
②The hotel has 100 _____________ (individual) designed bedrooms.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
③樹上的每一片葉子都是不同的。
________________________________________
individuals
individually
Each individual leaf on the tree is different.
【分析】　as在此處用作介詞，意為“作為”。此外，as還可以作連詞引導 從句。
as作為連詞引導從句的用法：
引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……時，隨著……”
引導方式狀語從句，意為“按照……方式”
引導原因狀語從句，意為“由于，因為”
3．As one of Confucius' descendants, Xiao Kong's name is recorded in the family tree.(教材P38)
作為孔子的后代之一，小孔的名字被記載在家譜上。
探究二　長難句分析
引導比較狀語從句，意為“和……一樣”，多用于as ... as ... 或not so/as ... as ... 結構，前一個as是副詞，后一個as是連詞；它所引導的比較狀語從句多使用省略 形式
引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”，從句通常用倒裝語序(把從句的表語、狀語或動詞原形放在as前面)，單數可數名詞提前時應省略冠詞
引導非限制性定語從句，從句可放在句首或句末，也可放在主句中間，意為“正如……，正像……”
【語境感知】
①It is surveyed that 50 percent of the patients do not take medicine as they are directed.
據調查，50%的病人沒有遵照指示服藥。
②She may need some help as she's new.
她是新來的，可能需要一些幫助。
③Secondly, hardworking and well－prepared as I am, I still lack confidence.
其次，盡管我既努力又做好了充分準備，但我仍然缺乏信心。(求助信)
④As the forecast predicted, the weather was horrible for the whole weekend.
正如天氣預報所預測的那樣，整個周末天氣都很糟糕。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He has worked ________ a diplomat in the US, Sudan and Saudi Arabia.
②The result was not so good ________ I had expected.
【學會表達】完成句子
③正如我在電話中所解釋的，下次會議將考慮你的要求。
________________________， your request will be considered at the next meeting.
④由于天色已晚，我決定到一家旅館辦理住宿手續。
____________________， I decided to book into a hotel.
as
as
As I explained on the phone
As it was getting late
對點練習 鞏固所學
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義 b.匹配下列短語的詞義 (____)1.philosophy (____)2.mansion (____)3.descendant (____)4.Confucius (____)5.cemetery　 A．n. 哲學 B．n. 孔子 C．n. 后裔；后代；子孫 D．n. 墓地；公墓 E．n. 公館；宅第 (____)6.Achilles' heel (____)7.Kong Family Mansion (____)8.lead to (____)9.a research project (____)10.hold on 　　　 A.孔府
B.堅持
C.致命的弱點
D.研究項目
E.通向；導致
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
A
E
C
B
D
C
A
E
D
B
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．___________ n. 孔子
2．_________ adj. 最喜歡的　n. 特別喜愛的人(或事物)
3．________ n. 公館；宅第
4．________ n. 風險；危險；危險人物(事物)　vt. 冒……的風險(或危險)
5．__________ n. 墓地；公墓
6．___________ n. 哲學
7．________ n. 一堆；大量；老爺車　vt. 堆積(東西)；對(某人)大加贊揚(或批評等)
8．____________ n. 后裔；后代；子孫
9．__________ adj. 單獨的；個別的　n. 個人
10．________ n. 足跟；(腳、襪子、鞋等的)后跟
Confucius
favourite
mansion
risk
cemetery
philosophy
heap
descendant
individual
heel
Ⅲ.選詞填空
1．Over 120 species of birds ___________________ in this National Park in the last ten years.
2．Adam Smith was not only a master of economy, but also an outstanding ____________．
3．We have had a successful year, both collectively and _____________.
4．The pressure of city life ________ him to move to the country.
5．Eventually, the ship was out of sight as the sun __________ toward the horizon.
have been recorded
philosopher
philosopher, descend, individual, understanding, record, loss, force, similar
individually
forced
descended
6．It is said that the stadium suffered serious ________ in the flood last week.
7．Your coat is ________ to mine, but they differ in quality.
8．She decided to take extra math classes to improve her ______________ of the subject and boost her grades.
loss
similar
understanding
Ⅳ.單句語法填空
1．The path descended steeply ________ the valley.
2．We try to treat our students as _____________ (individual)．
3．The days are ________ (go) when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
4．________ the students walked along the lake, they sang happily.
5．Live now, pay later—that's my ___________ (philosopher) of life!
6．What are you going to spend your ________ (win) on
7．When she opened the door she was greeted by a scene of __________ (confuse).
8．The carpet of leaves in my yard became more and more __________ (notice).
into
individuals
gone
As
philosophy
winnings
confusion
noticeable
Ⅴ.完成表達
1．Are you for real, or are you just ______________ (逗我玩)
2．I ________________________ (感到不自在) at the party because I know no one.
3．I'm trying to eat healthily, but chocolate is my ______________ (致命的弱點)．
pulling my leg
feel like a fish out of water
Achilles' heel
Ⅵ.完整表達
1．我認為你應該向老師尋求幫助。(賓語從句)
_______________________________________________
2．由于那天是公共假日，所有的商店都關門了。(as引導的狀語從句)
_______________________________________________
3．莉莉的爸爸正在自學漢語。(現在進行時)
______________________________________________
I think that you should turn to the teacher for help.
As it was a public holiday, all the shops were shut.
Lily' s father is learning Chinese by himself.
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
(2024·吉林省延邊州高一上期末)A visit to one of the New Seven Wonders of the World can be one of the most exciting and unforgettable vacations you and your family can take. For a quick introduction of the Wonders, this text presents only four of the historic sites.
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★ ★ ★★
Giza Necropolis of Egypt
Located about 12 miles from Cairo, Giza Necropolis features (以……為特色) the Great Pyramid and the Great Sphinx of Giza and is about over 4，500 years old. It is easy to take public transportation from Cairo but families should consider booking a personal guide or group trip from a tour operator such as Go Travel Egypt or Viator.
The Great Wall of China
With a history dating back to 476 BCE, the Great Wall stretches (綿延) 13，170 miles across China. The most famous and most visited section of the Great Wall is Badaling. A number of tour operators can be found in Beijing, with recommendations including Viator, The Great Wall Hiking and Discover Beijing Tours. Admission (門票費) to Badaling is just 45 Chinese Yuan(about $7.50) but a guided tour from Beijing starts at around $75.
Petra of Jordan
Rediscovered in 1812, Petra was the fourth century BCE capital of the Nabataean empire. Known for its intricate (錯綜復雜的) carvings into a sandstone mountain, Petra was a business center, located between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea. Tours to the Lost City can be arranged in Israel or from Anman, the capital and largest city of Jordan 150 miles to the north.
Colosseum of Italy
Located in the ancient center of Rome, the Colosseum started to be built in 72 CE and was finished in 80 CE. Till today, the Colosseum is still the largest amphitheater (圓形競技場) in the world. Guided tours are easy to find from a number of operators but tickets for self guided tours can be bought on site for 12 euro.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四個歷史遺址。
篇章導讀
1．What can Viator probably do for tourists？(　　)
A．Lend money to them.
B．Offer wonderful partners.
C．Arrange their work schedules.
D．Provide tour service.
解析：細節理解題。根據Giza Necropolis of Egypt部分中的“It is easy ... Go Travel Egypt or Viator.(從開羅乘坐公共交通工具很方便，但家庭應該考慮向Go Travel Egypt或Viator等旅行社預訂私人導游或團體旅行。)”可知，Viator是一家旅行社，可以為游客提供旅游服務。故選D。
答案
解析
2．Which of the following has the shortest history？(　　)
A．Petra of Jordan.
B．Colosseum of Italy.
C．The Great Wall of China.
D．Giza Necropolis of Egypt.
解析：細節理解題。根據Giza Necropolis of Egypt部分中的“Located about 12 miles ... over 4，500 years old.”、The Great Wall of China部分中的“With a history ... across China.”、Petra of Jordan部分中的“Rediscovered in 1812 ... Nabataean empire.”以及Colosseum of Italy部分中的“Located in the ... finished in 80 CE.”可知，這四個歷史遺址中歷史最短的是意大利古羅馬斗獸場。故選B。
答案
解析
3．What can we know about the four New Wonders of the World？(　　)
A．They are new sites.
B．They attract only young people.
C．They provide guides.
D．They feature ancient civilisation.
解析：細節理解題。通讀全文可知，這四個歷史遺址都以古代文明為特色。故選D。
答案
解析
B
(2024·福建南平市高級中學高一上階段練習)Spain is a country that lies in southwestern Europe. It's surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the south and the east, while to the north and northeast of Spain lie France, Andorra and the Bay of Biscay. The west and northwest of Spain are surrounded by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.
The official name of the state is the Kingdom of Spain. Madrid is the capital city, which is also one of the famous places in Spain. Spain, which covers 505，925 square kilometres, is one of the largest countries in Europe.
The weather in Spain differs from one area to another. Most of the rain that happens in Spain is in the mountainous areas. The plains hardly receive any rainfall.
Soccer is an important part of life in Spain. It's said that Spanish children learn to walk and play soccer at exactly the same time. Real Madrid and FC Barcelona are two Spanish soccer teams, which are respected by soccer fans not only in Spain, but all over the world. The popularity of the sport can be judged from the fact that three major soccer teams, which are Real Madrid, Atletico de Madrid, and Rayo Vallecano, were born in Madrid.
If you are a tourist, then you will want to know about the driving rules in Spain. If you're not from the European Union, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, or Liechtenstein, then for you to drive you'll have to carry your international driver's license. Bad news if you haven't celebrated your 18th birthday. If you want to rent a car, then you must have completed 21 years of age. If you're driving, make sure you take all the documents at all times during your stay in Spain.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了西班牙的地理位置、首都、面積、氣候以及足球文化，同時還詳細說明了游客在西班牙駕車的注意事項，包括需要攜帶的證件和年齡限制等。
篇章導讀
4．Paragraph 1 is mainly about ________．(　　)
A．the history of Spain
B．the location of Spain
C．famous cities in Spain
D．neighbouring countries of Spain
解析：段落大意題。根據第一段“Spain is a country ... the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，第一段主要介紹了西班牙的地理位置。故選B。
答案
解析
5．What is the best example showing that soccer is popular in Spain？(　　)
A．Three major soccer teams were born in Madrid.
B．Spanish people enjoy watching soccer matches.
C．Spanish people play soccer when they are walking.
D．Spanish soccer teams have fans all over the world.
解析：細節理解題。根據第四段中的“The popularity of ... were born in Madrid.”可知，足球在西班牙很受歡迎的最好的例子是在馬德里誕生了三支主要的足球隊。故選A。
答案
解析
6．Who is allowed to rent a car in Spain？(　　)
A．Tom who is 17 years old.
B．Jenny who is 19 years old.
C．Mike who is 20 years old.
D．Bruce who is 22 years old.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“If you want ... during your stay in Spain.”可知，在西班牙租車需要年滿21歲，由此可推知，22歲的Bruce (布魯斯)可以在西班牙租車。故選D。
答案
解析
7．The purpose of the passage is to ________．(　　)
A．explain how to enjoy life in Spain
B．prove Spain is a beautiful country
C．make readers know more about Spain
D．attract more people to pay a visit to Spain
解析：推理判斷題。文章第一、二段介紹了西班牙的地理位置和國土信息，第三段介紹了西班牙的氣候，第四段介紹了西班牙的足球文化，第五段介紹了西班牙的一些旅游信息。所以本文的目的是讓讀者更多地了解西班牙。故選C。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·江蘇省鹽城市高一上月考)In ancient times, people tracked the seasons by following the lunar months. Many times, the names of the moons were related with what features the seasons had. 1(____) It is a special name with a history dating back to Native American tribes (部落). The name is also thought to have a Celtic origin, brought over to North America by European settlers.
Regardless of where the name Wolf Moon comes from, wolves howl (嚎叫) to communicate over long distances both in North America and in Europe. It is a way of saying “here I am” to the rest of the pack or “stay away” to enemies. 2(____) As the late summer moves towards fall, wolves call more and more to neighbors and enemies.
3(____) However, howls by a pack can last from 30 to 120 seconds, and longer during the breeding (繁殖) season. As a result, wolves are particularly loud in the first month of the year. 4(____)
Science has not shown that the Moon phase (月相) plays any particular part in the calls of wolves, but wolves are animals that are in general more active at night. 5(____) They point their faces toward the sky because projecting their howls upward carries the sound farther.
A．They are energetic in January.
B．Wolves howl in the direction of the Moon.
C．In spring and early summer, wolves howl to seek mates.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一月的滿月在北美被稱為狼月的由來及狼嚎的意義。
篇章導讀
D．An average howl from a single wolf lasts from 3 to 7 seconds.
E．That is probably why people related January with howling wolves.
F．It doesn't quite fit in with the traditional Full Moon naming system.
G．January's Full Moon in North America is known as the Wolf Moon.
1．答案：G
2．答案：C
解析：下文“It is a special name ... by European settlers.”介紹了一個名字的由來。G項(一月的滿月在北美被稱為狼月。)引出下文。故選G。
答案
解析
解析：下文“As the late summer moves towards fall, wolves call more and more to neighbors and enemies.”說明隨著季節的變化，狼嚎的意義也會不同。C項(在春天和初夏，狼會嚎叫尋找配偶。)引出下文。故選C。
3．答案：D
4．答案：E
解析：下文“However, howls by a pack ... the breeding (繁殖) season.”說明群狼嚎叫可以持續很長時間。D項(一只狼的嚎叫平均持續3到7秒。)引出下文，與下文構成轉折關系。故選D。
答案
解析
解析：上文“As a result, wolves are particularly loud in the first month of the year.”提到狼在一年的頭一個月的嚎叫聲特別大。E項(這可能就是為什么人們把一月份和嚎叫的狼聯系在一起。)承接上文，與上文構成因果關系。故選E。
5．答案：B
解析：上文“Science has not shown ... more active at night.”提到，科學并沒有表明月相對狼叫有什么特殊影響，但通常狼在晚上更活躍。B項(狼朝月亮的方向嚎叫。)承接上文。故選B。
答案
解析
(2024·重慶市實驗外國語學校高一下月考)English history is vast, from its rule under the Romans to the rise, heights and fall of the British Empire. When choosing a book to recommend on my country's history, I wanted something that could summarize this sweeping history but didn't get stuck in the details of things that hold me back from completely engaging with this truly rich history. Then, I found Dominic Haynes' A Brief History of England.
精深閱讀
The book is a tour through the whole of English history, from its earliest people to the movement of settlers from Europe. It looks at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, Elizabeth Ⅰ's ruling and the lasting impact of Shakespeare. Then it touches on the English Civil Wars and the shift of rule from kings and queens to the parliament (議會) running the country and the establishment of the political parties. It also covers the Napoleonic Wars and the world wars and even considers England's post－Brexit (脫歐后的) present and future.
This really is quite the sweeping book. However, it's very short. This means it's easy to navigate and get a hold of a huge amount of history, but it also means it's very light on the details. At times, this can be upset, as there are parts where it feels like just another paragraph or page would really elevate this book. But for an introduction to English history or perhaps a reminder or refresher, it's great and particularly useful as it is likely to fill in some gaps in your knowledge.
Furthermore, because of the pace of the book, there's not a boring moment. It's a real page－turner,__covering the succession (交替) of kings and queens, wars, and changes in the social order of the country at home and the country's influence across the world.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《英國簡史》這本書的內容及作者的閱讀感受。
篇章導讀
One reviewer on Amazon described the book as “a small masterpiece”， and said. “This is a great book for anyone who wants to get a crash course in English history or for those who want a quick reference to that subject.”
So, jump in, dear readers, and get a hold of what made England what it was, what it went on to be, and where it may stand in our global future.
1．What is the main focus of Dominic Haynes' A Brief History of England
A．Detailed exploration of England's political parties.
B．In－depth analysis of England's post－Brexit policies.
C．An introduction to the British Empire's rise and fall.
D．A brief overview of England's historical shifts and events.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段“The book is ... present and future.”可知，《英國簡史》這本書簡要概述了英格蘭的歷史變遷和事件。故選D。
答案
解析
2．What is a weakness mentioned of the reviewer regarding the book
A．Its pace is slow and upset.
B．It dives too deeply into political issues.
C．There's a shortage of information on wars.
D．It lacks detailed information due to its shortness.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“However, it's very short ... elevate this book.”可知，這本書的缺點是由于篇幅短，缺乏詳細的信息。故選D。
答案
解析
3．Which of following can best explain the underlined word “page－turner”？
A．A book that is exciting to read.
B．A book that is complicated.
C．A book that is easy to understand.
D．A book that has lots of pages to turn.
解析：詞義猜測題。根據畫線詞前文“Furthermore, because of ... a boring moment.”可知，這本書沒有無聊的時刻，由此可推知，畫線詞表示引人入勝的書，與A項(一本讀起來令人興奮的書。)意思相近。故選A。
答案
解析
4．What is the main purpose of this text
A．To call on people to know the UK's history.
B．To recommend a book of the UK's history.
C．To suggest ways to know the UK's history.
D．To comment on the politics of the UK's history.
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第一段“English history is vast ... A Brief History of England.”及最后一段“So, jump in ... our global future.”可推知，作者寫本文是為了推薦一本關于英國歷史的書。故選B。
答案
解析
精深閱讀——好詞句小練
(一)熱詞
1．________ adj. 遼闊的；巨大的；龐大的
2．________ n. 高度；極端；高潮
3．_____________ vt. 推薦；建議
4．____________ v. 總結；概述；概括
5．gap n. _____________________
vast
height
recommend
summarize
縫隙；差距；缺口
(二)高頻短語
6．hold sb back from doing sth ________________
7．________________ ……的影響
8．________________ 把……描述為……
9．jump in _______________________
10．______________ 抓住(某物)；領會(某要點)
阻止某人做某事
impact of ...
describe ... as ...
不假思索地去做某事
get a hold of
(三)根據語境填入恰當的內容
11．Sky diving never appeals to me because I am afraid of ________ (high)．
12．Peter was able to scare away the bear with a sudden ___________ (move)．
13．The _______________ (establish) of the committee is greatly significant to the protection of the world cultural heritage.
heights
movement
establishment
(四)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語釋義
14．Likewise, China's influence also spread across other countries.____________
15．Beijing is a diverse and dynamic city, not to mention that it's the political and cultural centre of our country.____________
16．The painting is a masterpiece in the truest sense of the world.____________
影響
政治的
杰作
(五)用方框中單詞的正確形式替換下列句子中的黑體部分
17．We have the expertise to help you manage your business. ________
18．This program helps bring continuous learning in your enterprise. ________
19．It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her life. ________
run
lasting
impact
impact， last， run
(六)長難句分析
20．When choosing a book to recommend on my country's history, I wanted something that could summarize this sweeping history but didn't get stuck in the details of things that hold me back from completely engaging with this truly rich history.
句意：當選擇一本關于我國歷史的書來推薦時，我希望它能總結這段浩繁的歷史，但又不拘泥于細節，以免阻礙我完全了解這段真正豐富的歷史。
分析：主干是 ___________________；when＋現在分詞短語作__________；兩個that分別引導兩個________從句，but連接其所在定語從句中的兩個并列謂語動詞________________和_________________。
I wanted something
時間狀語
定語
could summarize
didn't get stuck
(七)根據所給漢語，完成下列句子
21．Do your thoughts inspire you, or ___________________ (阻止你成為……) your best self
22．The specific ___________ (……的影響) the greenhouse effect is unknowable.
hold you back from
impact of
(八)仿寫句子
23．This means it's easy to navigate and get a hold of a huge amount of history, but it also means it's very light on the details. (it作形式主語)
仿寫：年輕人給老人讓座是有禮貌的。
______________________________________________________
It is good manners for the young to give their seats to the old.

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