資源簡介

英語 必修 第二冊RJ
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
& Listening and Talking
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．republic n. 共和國
2．pyramid n. (古埃及的)金字塔；棱錐體
3．overseas adj. 海外的　adv. 在海外
4．exit n. 出口；通道　vi.& vt. 出去；離去
5．sheet n. 一張(紙)；床單；被單
6．parade n. 游行；檢閱　vi. 游行慶祝；游行示威
7．mirror n. 鏡子
8．roof n. 頂部；屋頂
9．dragon n. 龍
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．download vt. 下載　n. 下載；已下載的數據資料
2．entrance n. 入口；進入
3．process n. 過程；進程；步驟　vt. 處理；加工
4．forgive vt.& vi. 原諒；寬恕　vt. 對不起；請原諒
三、拓展單詞：寫出英文單詞，并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．professional adj. 專業的；職業的　n. 專業人員；職業選手→profession n. 職業，行業→professionally adv. 在職業上；內行地
2．archaeologist n. 考古學家→archaeology n. 考古學
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
mirror 熟義：n. 鏡子
生義：n. 寫照；反映某種情況的事物　vt. 反映；映照；反射
閱讀下列定語從句，寫出句中的先行詞和關系詞
1．The boy who came to the city for the first time was amazed at the plane.The__boy__who
2．This is the school where Tom studied.the__school__where
3．She had a book which she believed was bought by her father at a high price.a__book__which
4．Mary showed me around a factory which had been built for 30 years.a__factory__which
5．The only thing that I could find in his drawer was a movie ticket.thing__that
6．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.a__time__when
7．I have read all the books that Jimmy gave me the other day.the__books__that
8．Temples and other cultural sites were moved to a place where they were safe from the water.a__place__where
探究一　熱詞
(一)高頻詞
1.entrance n. 入口；進入(教材P6)
enter v. 進入；參加 an/the entrance to ... ……的入口 college entrance examination 大學入學考試，高考 enter (sb) for 報名參加
【語境感知】
①The entrance to the train station was closed off following the explosion.
爆炸發生后隨即封鎖了火車站入口。
②In China, the college entrance examination is considered to be very important.
在中國，高考被認為是非常重要的。
③Only four British players have entered for the championship.
只有四名英國運動員報名參加了錦標賽。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He was driven out of a side entrance (enter) with his hand covering his face.
②Both men have been entered for the 100 metres in Paris next month.
【學會表達】完成句子
③洞的入口高四英尺，寬四英尺。
The__entrance__to__the__cave is four feet high and four feet wide.
2.process n. 過程；進程；步驟　vt. 處理；加工(教材P6)
processed adj. 加工過的，經加工的 in the process of ... 在……的過程中 in the process 同時，在此過程中 in process 在進行中 be processed into ... 被加工成……
【語境感知】
①The company is in the process of moving to new offices.
這家公司正在遷往新辦公室。
②What you have learned in the process will prove useful in your future work.
你在這個過程中學到的東西在你未來的工作中會被證明是有用的。(建議信)
③Although this project is still in process and needs some work, it looks promising.
盡管此項目仍在進行中，并且仍有一些工作要做，但其前景可觀。
④The material will be processed into plastic pellets.
這種材料將被加工成塑料小球。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①The administration is in the process of drawing (draw) up a peace plan.
②It will be boiled and processed into one of the most important materials.
③Eating more natural food is healthier than eating processed (process) food.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
④她的小說正被拍成電視連續劇。
Her__novel__is__in__the__process__of__being__turned__into__a__television__series.
3.forgive vt.& vi. (forgave; forgiven) 原諒；寬恕　vt. 對不起；請原諒(教材P7)
forgiveness n. 原諒 forgive sb sth 原諒某人某事 forgive sb for (doing) sth 原諒某人(做了)某事 forgive and forget 不計前嫌；不記仇
【語境感知】
①He begged forgiveness for what he had done.
他為自己所做的事請求原諒。
②She could never forgive him for the theft of the money.
她永遠不能原諒他偷了錢。
③I don't think she's ever quite forgiven me for getting her name wrong that time.
我覺得那次我把她的名字弄錯了，她到現在也沒原諒我。
④He didn't look the sort of man to forgive and forget.
他看起來不是那種可以不計前嫌的人。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Forgive me for saying (say) so, but that's useless.
②I'll never forgive her for what she did.
【學會表達】完成句子
③請原諒我沒能盡快給你回信。
Please__forgive__me__for__not__being__able__to reply to you as soon as possible.
(二)拓展詞
4.professional adj. 專業的；職業的　n. 專業人員；職業選手→profession n. 職業；行業→professionally adv. 在職業上；內行地
【語境感知】
I am very interested in the sales profession and I believe your company can provide a good opportunity for my professional development.
我對銷售行業非常感興趣，我相信貴公司能為我的職業發展提供一個很好的機會。
5.archaeologist n. 考古學家→archaeology n. 考古學
【語境感知】
The exhibition kindled the boy's interest in archaeology and he was determined to become an archaeologist.
這次展覽激發了這個男孩對考古學的興趣，他決心成為一名考古學家。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He has been playing basketball professionally (professional) for five years.
②After discussions with the local people, the archaeologist(s) (archaeology) set out to dig near a village.
【學會表達】完成句子
③他一步一步努力，終于成為行業內的翹楚。
He worked his way to the__top__of__his__profession.
④他在大學里主修考古學，并夢想著將來成為一名考古學家。
He majored__in__archaeology in university and dreamed of becoming an archaeologist in the future.
(三)熟詞生義
6.mirror [熟義] n. 鏡子 [生義] n. 寫照；反映某種情況的事物　vt. 反映；映照；反射
【語境感知】
①When I looked in the mirror, I couldn't believe it. I looked fantastic!
當我照鏡子時，我簡直不敢相信。我看起來太棒了！
②Dickens' novels are a mirror of his times.
狄更斯的小說是他那個時代的寫照。
③Our newspaper aims to mirror the opinions of ordinary people.
我們的報紙旨在反映普通人的意見。
【學會理解】同義詞替換
①The music of the time mirrored the feeling of optimism in the country.reflected__反映
【學會表達】翻譯句子
②他心不在焉地看著鏡子中的自己。
He__absent mindedly__looked__at__himself__in__the__mirror.
③這本書雖然不是傳記，但仍舊是他生活的寫照。
The__book__is__a__mirror__of__his__life__even__if/though__it__is__not__a__biography.
探究二　限制性定語從句(3)
限制性定語從句：起限定作用，指特定的人或物，不可省略，否則主句句意不完整、含混不清
或發生改變。
語法點1　與非限制性定語從句的區別
(1)在格式上，限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句最明顯的區別就是后者要用逗號與主句隔開。
①The girl who spoke is my best friend.
講話的那個女孩是我最好的朋友。
②I like to chat with Jack, who is a clever boy.
我喜歡和杰克聊天，他是個聰明的男孩。
(2)在意義上，限制性定語從句主要修飾先行詞，與主句關系密切，去除后會使主句意義不完整。而非限制性定語從句主要是對先行詞進行補充說明，與主句的關系沒有那么密切，省略后不會影響到主句的完整意思。
①This is the family which is planning to move to the city.
這是計劃搬進城里的一家人。
②She dances well, which I've known since I saw her dance last year.
她跳舞跳得好，自從我去年看過她跳舞我就知道這件事了。
(3)限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞、代詞、短語或句子。另外，當先行詞為專有名詞或其他獨一無二的普通名詞時，通常用非限制性定語從句。
①A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
商店應存有最暢銷的貨物。(which引導限制性定語從句，先行詞為goods)
②David studies hard and is ready to help others, which is what his parents expect.
大衛努力學習，樂于助人，這是他父母所期望的。(which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為整個主句)
(4)在限制性定語從句中，關系詞在從句中作賓語時可以省略；而非限制性定語從句中關系詞一律不能省略。
①This is the best film (that) I have ever seen for years.
這是多年來我看過的最好的一部電影。
②This machine, which I have looked after for 20 years, is still working perfectly.
這臺機器我照管了20年，現在仍然運轉良好。
單句語法填空
①Do you know the professor who/that is speaking at the meeting
②I couldn't find the book that/which/不填 you recommended.
③He has passed the college entrance examination, which makes his parents quite happy.
④In our company there are two experts who/that come from Russia.
⑤The old man still lives in the hut, whose windows face north.
語法點2　使用時需要注意的問題
關系代詞只用that的情況
(1)當先行詞是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞或被它們修飾時。
All that can be done must be done.
凡是能做的都必須做。
(2)當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。
①That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.
那是這家書店出售的最有趣的書之一。
②The first thing that we should do is to get some food.
我們該做的第一件事是弄點吃的。
(3)先行詞由the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時。
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.
我的項鏈不是唯一丟失的東西。
(4)當先行詞既有人又有物時。
The writer and his novels that you have just talked about are really well known.
你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實很出名。
(5)當主句以who或which開頭時，引導詞用that，不用who或which，以避免重復。
Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat
穿紅色外套的女孩子是誰？
關系代詞只用which而不用that的情況
在介詞后面的關系代詞用which而不能用that。即“介詞＋which(指代物)”。
There is a sense in which we are all to blame for the tragedy.
在某種意義上，對這個悲劇我們大家都有責任。
as引導的定語從句
(1)as引導限制性定語從句時，主要用在such ... as和the same ... as的結構中，as可指代表示人或物的先行詞。
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
我們已經找到了像他們工廠里使用的那些材料。(such ... as結構中，as后的句子解釋說明先行詞materials)
(2)as引導非限制性定語從句時，可放在主句之前、之后或句中。此時修飾的是整個主句，并對其進行解釋說明。
Thanksgiving Day has been an international festival, as we know.
眾所周知，感恩節已經成為一個國際性的節日。(as引導的從句解釋說明前面的主句)
主謂一致
(1)關系代詞在從句中作主語時，其謂語動詞的人稱和數要與先行詞保持一致。
①Choose someone who is fit for the job.
選一個適合這份工作的人。
②Do you know the girls who are wearing long dresses
你認識那些穿著長裙的女孩嗎？
(2)先行詞是the only one of ＋可數名詞復數，關系詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語用單數(因為此時的先行詞是the only one，而不是of后的可數名詞復數)。
He is the only one of the boys that likes playing the piano.
他是那些男孩子當中唯一一個喜歡彈鋼琴的。
(3)先行詞是one of ＋可數名詞復數，關系詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語用復數(因為此時的先行詞是of后的可數名詞復數，而不是one)。
She is one of the students who are late.
她是遲到的學生之一。
(4)從句中主語是one of which時，從句謂語用單數(主語是one)。
There are many kinds of energy, one of which is nuclear energy.
能源有很多種，其中一種是核能。
完成句子
①他是那些男孩中唯一懂英語的男孩。
He is the only one of the boys who__knows__English．
②話語不能意味著它們所代表的一切。
Words cannot mean all__that__they__stand__for．
③正如我在電話中解釋的那樣，你的要求將在會議上得到考慮。
As__I__explained__on__the__phone,__your request will be considered at the meeting.
④這是他過去在村里住過的房子。
This is the house in which__he__used__to__live in the village.
⑤他一個月僅賺1，200元，其中一半給了他上大學的兒子。
He earns only 1，200 yuan a month, half__of__which__is__given__to__his__son at college.
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義 b.匹配下列短語的詞義
(D)1.exit (A)2.roof (E)3.dragon (B)4.pyramid (C)5.republic　 A.n. 頂部；屋頂 B.n. (古埃及的)金字塔 C.n. 共和國 D.n. 出口；通道 E.n. 龍 (C)6.take down (A)7.tell right from wrong (E)8.be processed into ... (B)9.forgive and forget (D)10.college entrance examination A.明辨是非 B.不計前嫌 C.拆除，拆卸 D.高考 E.被加工成……
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．entrance n. 入口；進入
2．mirror n. 鏡子
3．parade n. 游行；檢閱　vi. 游行慶祝；游行示威
4．overseas adj. 海外的　adv. 在海外
5．download vt.下載　n. 下載；已下載的數據資料
6．professional adj. 專業的；職業的　n. 專業人員；職業選手
7．forgive vt.& vi. 原諒；寬恕　vt. 對不起；請原諒
8．sheet n. 一張(紙)；床單；被單
9．archaeologist n. 考古學家
10．process n. 過程；進程；步驟　vt. 處理；加工
Ⅲ.選詞填空
archaeologist, sheet, parade, download, professional, overseas, process, exit
1．They need to seek professional training in all new skills.
2．He has returned to Shanghai from his long overseas trip.
3．There are usually many taxis waiting at the exit of the theater.
4．The archaeologist has to get special permission to open up the grave.
5．Most of the food we buy is processed in some way.
6．He didn't like white, so he decided to colour the sheet green.
7．Thanksgiving Day parades are held in some cities.
8．You may download such pictures to your computer or smart phone.
Ⅳ.單句語法填空
1．We should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness (forgive) can erase it away.
2．And then Mary, who/whom we had been talking about earlier, walked in.
3．Kate and Jim talked much about the things and persons that made their trip amazing.
4．She's an artist whose work I really admire.
5．We were sitting, as I remember, in a riverside restaurant.
6．He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education.
7．She has three children, none of whom is of school age.
8．He was about to sit for his entrance (enter) exam.
Ⅴ.完成表達
1．The bridge is in__the__process__of (在……的過程中) being built.
2．On a Sunday night, a poor young violinist was playing his violin at__the__entrance__to (在……入口) the subway station.
3．Please__forgive__me__for__interrupting (請原諒我打斷你的話), but I really don't agree with that.
Ⅵ.完整表達
1．醫生就是負責人們健康的人。(限制性定語從句)
A__doctor__is__a__person__that/who__looks__after__people's__health.
2．她假裝不認識我，我無法理解這件事。(非限制性定語從句)
She__pretended__not__to__know__me，which__I__didn't__understand.
3．我們所有人都欽佩你告訴我的那位科學家和他所取得的成就。(限制性定語從句)
The__scientist__and__his__achievements__that__you__told__me__about__are__admired__by__us__all.
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·吉林省長春市第二中學高一上期末)Lucas majors in classic linguistics (語言學). He is equal to recognizing a language in a(n) __1__ way no matter how unfamiliar it is. Last year, he __2__ a shell with some totally strange __3__ carved on it at a small stand.
Based on his demanding __4__ he knew it was from a small village. Besides, after __5__ some information in many reference books, he had his point of view: the symbols were __6__ as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen, a kind of writing system which dates back to 1500 BC.
Lucas had a(n) __7__ attitude to the discovery and applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village. With permission given, he visited it. He found the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect, whose vocabulary __8__ from Mandarin spoken by 1.4 billion people.
Despite many __9__， understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report. The report was __10__ where he gave a full description: The characters __11__ by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty were passed down by means of bones and __12__. Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, __13__ for hundreds of years. But it __14__ disappeared due to some factors.
Lucas's report was a __15__ in the academic field, attracting more people to these special characters.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了主修古典語言學的Lucas (盧卡斯)無意中發現了一個刻有甲骨文的貝殼，在查閱書籍形成自己的觀點后，他開始進一步的調查研究并完成了一篇報告，引起了學術界的轟動。
1．(　　)A.ancient B．narrow
C．specific D．demanding
答案：C
解析：ancient古老的；narrow狹窄的；specific特定的；demanding苛求的。根據上文“Lucas majors in ... recognizing a language”可推知，主修古典語言學的Lucas應該是有識別陌生語言的特定方式。故選C。
2．(　　)A.appreciated B．begged
C．discovered D．buried
答案：C
解析：appreciate欣賞；beg乞求；discover發現；bury埋藏。根據下文“a shell with some totally strange __3__ carved on it at a small stand”可推知，Lucas在小攤上發現了這個表面刻著一些陌生符號的貝殼。故選C。
3．(　　)A.pants B．affairs
C．symbols D．gaps
答案：C
解析：pants褲子；affair事務；symbol符號；gap間隙。根據下文“the symbols”可知，貝殼上刻著一些完全陌生的符號。故選C。
4．(　　)A.calligraphy B．investigation
C．delivery D．summary
答案：B
解析：calligraphy書法；investigation調查；delivery投遞；summary總結。根據下文“he knew it was from a small village”可推知，他是通過一番調查后，得知了貝殼的來源。故選B。
5．(　　)A.looking up B．applying for
C．sweeping away D．coming along
答案：A
解析：look up查找；apply for申請；sweep away掃除；come along進展。根據下文“some information in many reference books”可推知，他查找了許多參考書中的一些信息。故選A。
6．(　　)A.honored B．regarded
C．employed D．recommended
答案：B
解析：honor尊敬；regard認為；employ雇用；recommend推薦。根據上文“the symbols”和下文“as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen”可推知，貝殼上的符號被認為是甲骨文書寫系統的一種變體，be regarded as為固定搭配，意為“被認為是，被視作”。故選B。
7．(　　)A.extra B．serious
C．calm D．suitable
答案：B
解析：extra額外的；serious嚴肅的；calm平靜的；suitable合適的。根據下文“applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village”可知，Lucas向大學申請進行進一步的研究，由此可推知，他對待這一發現是嚴肅認真的。故選B。
8．(　　)A.suffered B．learned
C．differed D．survived
答案：C
解析：suffer遭受；learn學到；differ有差異；survive幸存。根據上文“the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect”可知，村民的母語是一種特殊的方言，此處是指詞匯與普通話不同，differ from意為“不同于”。故選C。
9．(　　)A.emergencies B．eruptions
C．crashes D．challenges
答案：D
解析：emergency緊急情況；eruption爆發；crash崩潰；challenge挑戰。根據下文“understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report”可推知，此處表示盡管面臨許多挑戰。故選D。
10．(　　)A.supplied B．destroyed
C．carved D．published
答案：D
解析：supply提供；destroy破壞；carve雕刻；publish發表。根據下文“Lucas's report was a __15__ in the academic field, attracting more people to these special characters.”可知，Lucas的這份報告在學術界引起了反響，由此可知，此處是指被發表了。故選D。
11．(　　)A.sheltered B．told
C．created D．donated
答案：C
解析：shelter庇護；tell告訴；create創造；donate捐贈。根據下文“by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty”可推知，這些文字是商朝的一個小國創造的。故選C。
12．(　　)A.shells B．bricks
C．metal D．pipes
答案：A
解析：shell貝殼；brick磚；metal金屬；pipe管道。根據上文“finding more shells”可知，這些文字是通過骨頭和貝殼流傳下來的。故選A。
13．(　　)A.struggling B．appreciating
C．unifying D．tapping
答案：A
解析：struggle奮斗；appreciate欣賞；unify統一；tap輕拍。根據上文“the nation went through ups and downs”可知，這個國家經歷了跌宕起伏，奮斗著延續了數百年。故選A。
14．(　　)A.fluently B．positively
C．extremely D．finally
答案：D
解析：fluently流利地；positively積極地；extremely極度地；finally最后。根據上文“Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, __13__ for hundreds of years.”和But可推知，這個經歷了跌宕起伏的國家最終還是消失了。故選D。
15．(　　)A.joke B．signal
C．hit D．champion
答案：C
解析：joke笑話；signal信號；hit成功的或風行一時的事物；champion冠軍。根據下文“attracting more people to these special characters”可知，這份報告吸引了更多的人關注這些特殊的文字，此處是指引起了轟動。故選C。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河南省南陽市第一高級中學高一下階段檢測)Regarded as the largest Buddhist cave site with the greatest amount of cultural relics in the world, the Mogao Caves, also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas, is a large palace of art combining different ancient architectures, incredible painted sculptures and extraordinary varied wall paintings. 1(____)
Most caves found in the Mogao Caves are examples of rock－cut architecture of different styles in terms of building and function. 2(____) Many of the caves originally had wooden porches, but only five remains. 3(____)
Dating back to over one thousand years ago, the wall paintings in the Mogao Caves, with an area of 450，000 square feet, are valued for their size and richness of content as well as their art techniques. 4(____) They display the history and folk customs of ancient China and illustrate a variety of stories, natural scenery and daily life of ancient people.
There are around 2，400 painted sculptures in the Mogao Caves. 5(____) The early sculptures feature Indian and Central Asian styles, and later they show more Chinese elements.
A．Most of the sculptures are constructed on the hillside in wooden frames.
B．The two earliest porches belong to the wooden architecture of the Song Dynasty.
C．The amazing wall paintings are colourfully and vividly painted on the walls and ceilings.
D．It is well known for a great number of colourful wall paintings and a variety of vivid statues.
E．Additionally, the wall paintings adopted artistic features from Iran, India, Greece, and other places.
F．The caves are of different sizes, among which the biggest one is 40－metre high and 30－metre wide.
G．They illustrate the magnificent history and wonderful artistic and cultural achievements of several dynasties.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了莫高窟的洞窟、壁畫以及雕塑的情況。
1．答案：G
解析：根據上文內容可知，本段主要介紹了莫高窟的情況，G項(它們展示了幾個朝代輝煌的歷史和精彩的藝術文化成就。)承接上文，繼續對莫高窟的情況展開說明。故選G。
2．答案：F
解析：上文“Most caves found ... building and function.”提到在莫高窟發現的大多數洞窟都是在建筑和功能方面具有不同風格的石刻建筑的例子。F項(這些洞窟大小不一，其中最大的一個高40米，寬30米。)承接上文。故選F。
3．答案：B
解析：上文“Many of the caves originally had wooden porches, but only five remains.”提到許多洞窟最初有木制門廊，但現在只剩下5個。B項(最早的兩個門廊屬于宋代的木質建筑。)承接上文，且其中的porches對應上文中porches。故選B。
4．答案：C
解析：根據上文“Dating back to ... their art techniques.”可知，本段主要介紹了莫高窟的壁畫情況，C項(墻上和天花板上的壁畫色彩鮮艷，栩栩如生。)符合語境。故選C。
5．答案：A
解析：根據上文“There are around 2，400 painted sculptures in the Mogao Caves.”可知，莫高窟中大約有2，400件彩繪雕塑，A項(大多數雕塑是在山坡上用木制框架建造的。)承接上文，且其中的sculptures為原詞復現。故選A。
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·安徽省阜陽市高一上期末)Carved out of a rocky hill, the Temple of the Rising Sun had showed the power of Egypt's greatest pharaoh to the Nubian people in the Upper Nile. Over time, the great temple and the smaller buildings became __1__ (cover) in sand for centuries, until __2__ (they) rediscovery in 1813.
But just over a century later, the southernmost relics of this ancient human civilization were threatened __3__ the rising waters of the Nile following the construction (建造) of the Aswan High Dam. The construction of the Dam was meant to develop agriculture as well as economy, and led to a global debate __4__ has appeared on the front pages of every newspaper in __5__ world ever since: Why should people care for ancient stones and buildings when so many people need food
In an attempt __6__ (save) the temples of Egypt, UNESCO said that humanity does not have to sacrifice (犧牲) the past to develop economy in the present. Cultural heritage sites help us understand who we are __7__ also mean massive opportunities for development.
The race against time __8__ (begin) in 1964, when experts from different __9__ (nation) started working together. The whole site was __10__ (careful) cut into large blocks, lifted and moved to a new location 65 metres higher and 200 metres back from the river, preserving it for future generations.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　
6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了埃及為了保護旭日神廟，將其移動到高65米、距河流200米的新位置。
1．答案：covered
解析：考查非謂語動詞。主句主語the great temple and the smaller buildings與動詞cover之間是被動關系，且設空前有連系動詞became，設空處應用過去分詞。故填covered。
2．答案：their
解析：考查代詞。根據設空后的rediscovery可知，此處應用形容詞性物主代詞作定語，修飾名詞rediscovery。故填their。
3．答案：by
解析：考查介詞。句意：但僅僅一個多世紀后，這個古老人類文明最南端的遺跡就受到了阿斯旺高壩修建后尼羅河水位上漲的威脅。此句為被動語態結構，應用介詞by。故填by。
4．答案：that/which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，且從句中缺少主語；先行詞為a global debate，指物，故此處用關系代詞that或which。故填that/which。
5．答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。in the world為固定搭配，意為“在世界上”。故填the。
6．答案：to save
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了拯救埃及的神廟，聯合國教科文組織表示，人類不必犧牲過去來發展現在的經濟。in an attempt to do sth意為“為了做某事”，是固定短語。故填to save。
7．答案：and
解析：考查連詞。句意：文化遺產有助于我們了解自己，也意味著巨大的發展機會。設空前help us understand who we are和設空后also mean massive opportunities for development是并列關系，應用并列連詞and連接。故填and。
8．答案：began
解析：考查動詞的時態。根據設空后時間狀語in 1964可知，句子描述過去發生的事，應用一般過去時。故填began。
9．答案：nations
解析：考查名詞。根據設空前different可知，此處應用名詞復數。故填nations。
10．答案：carefully
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞修飾動詞cut。故填carefully。
　讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·四川省興文第二中學高一上月考)Several years ago, I was living in New York and working for an airline, so I never got back home for Christmas. My Christmas was happy too with some other colleagues around. But in my heart I was sad because I couldn't stay with my family. Sometimes my colleagues would say our Christmas was filled with tears. But this Christmas was different. I was lucky. I had the whole day off, which meant I could stay with my family on Christmas Eve.
When Christmas morning came, I awoke to a small hand rubbing my face. “Dad, Merry Christmas！” my younger son said. He seemed to be racing against time. I knew he was hunting for gifts with his brother eagerly. I got downstairs just to see the two little boys' faces as they looked at the pocket rockets Santa Claus had left them. I realized that the real Christmas was for the children who had deep belief in the amazing power of Santa Claus. At first, their fingers went almost shyly over their toys. When their inspection had been completed, the two boys ensured that the gifts were really delivered by Santa Claus and they dragged everything into the center of the living room.
Delight flooded the room. As their mother began giving out gifts, I smiled to myself, wondering how my unexpected gifts this year would be received. With so many Christmases spent outside, I had prepared so many gifts for my children and together with my wife I hid them in several secret places. But the children were excellent detectives and they found all of them. They were happily opening packages constantly thanking considerate Santa Claus for his kindness and ability to know their desires. But I had not received a single one. I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence from their Christmas these years.
注意：
1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。
I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Suddenly my wife walked up to me.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5R解讀故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
I, wife,__children
2．Read for conflict/problems (沖突/問題)
I was disappointed for I thought my__families__didn't__prepare__Christmas__gifts__for__me．
3．Read for plot (情節)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感變化)
I was glad to stay with my family on Christmas Eve. Everyone was satisfied with their gifts, but when I found that nobody seemed to prepare gifts for me, I was disappointed．
5．Read for theme (主題)
Even an adult needs caring especially on festival holiday.
4步確定框架
Step 1：先寫最后一句(主題句)
I__was__moved__to__tears.
Step 2：再寫銜接句(第一段的最后一句)
I__thanked__him__from__the__bottom__of__my__heart,__still__feeling__disappointed.
Step 3：根據所給段首語句寫角色的情感
第一段：
I was disappointed but I had to pretend that nothing wrong happened to me.
第二段：
My family didn't ignore__my__feeling and they gave a big surprise that made me really moved．
Step 4：補全續寫每段的中間內容
第一段：
I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to admire__his__gifts which he deeply believed were carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his and allow__me__to__choose__one from them.
第二段：
It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I thought she__was__showing__off her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me.I opened it and saw a letter which read “We will never forget__you. Merry Christmas！” Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight.
寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。“我”因工作原因已經很久沒和家人一起過圣誕節了，有幸今年能夠和家人一起過圣誕節，“我”感到很開心也很期待。但是“我”卻失望地發現大家沒有為“我”準備禮物，“我”的內心活動是怎樣的？大家真的忘記為“我”準備禮物了嗎？
[精彩范文]
I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily. I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to admire his gifts which he deeply believed were carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his and allow me to choose one from them. I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeling disappointed.
Suddenly my wife walked up to me. It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I thought she was showing off her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me. I opened it and saw a letter which read “We will never forget you. Merry Christmas！” Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight. I was moved to tears.
情節邏輯(范文和自己想的有何不同)
語言表達(原文和范文中有哪些表達更地道更準確) 1. 2. 3.
21(共81張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
單元主題：人與社會——文化遺產
Unit 1　 CULTURAL HERITAGE
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
預學檢測 單詞打卡
自主學習 課時語法
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習 鞏固所學
4
課后課時作業
5
預學檢測 單詞打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．republic n. ________
2．pyramid n. ________________________
3．overseas adj. _________ adv. __________
4．exit n. ________________ vi.& vt. ________________
5．sheet n. _____________________
6．parade n. ______________ vi. _______________________
7．mirror n. _________
8．roof n. ________________
9．dragon n. _____
共和國
(古埃及的)金字塔；棱錐體
海外的
在海外
出口；通道
出去；離去
一張(紙)；床單；被單
游行；檢閱
游行慶祝；游行示威
鏡子
頂部；屋頂
龍
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．___________ vt. 下載　n. 下載；已下載的數據資料
2．________ n. 入口；進入
3．________ n. 過程；進程；步驟　vt. 處理；加工
4．________ vt.& vi. 原諒；寬恕　vt. 對不起；請原諒
三、拓展單詞：寫出英文單詞,并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．____________ adj. 專業的；職業的　n. 專業人員；職業選手→___________ n. 職業,行業→_____________ adv. 在職業上；內行地
2．______________ n. 考古學家→___________ n. 考古學
四、熟詞生義：寫出熟義
mirror 熟義：n. _________
生義：n. 寫照；反映某種情況的事物　vt. 反映；映照；反射
download
entrance
process
forgive
professional
profession
professionally
archaeologist
archaeology
鏡子
自主學習　課時語法
閱讀下列定語從句,寫出句中的先行詞和關系詞
1．The boy who came to the city for the first time was amazed at the plane.________________
2．This is the school where Tom studied.________________
3．She had a book which she believed was bought by her father at a high price.________________
4．Mary showed me around a factory which had been built for 30 years.________________
The boy who
the school where
a book which
a factory which
5．The only thing that I could find in his drawer was a movie ticket.___________
6．There comes a time when the old must give way to the new.________________
7．I have read all the books that Jimmy gave me the other day.________________
8．Temples and other cultural sites were moved to a place where they were safe from the water.________________
thing that
a time when
the books that
a place where
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
（一）高頻詞
enter v. 進入；參加
an/the entrance to ... ……的入口
college entrance examination 大學入學考試，高考
enter (sb) for 報名參加
1.entrance n. 入口；進入(教材P6)
【語境感知】
①The entrance to the train station was closed off following the explosion.
爆炸發生后隨即封鎖了火車站入口。
②In China, the college entrance examination is considered to be very important.
在中國，高考被認為是非常重要的。
③Only four British players have entered for the championship.
只有四名英國運動員報名參加了錦標賽。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He was driven out of a side ________ (enter) with his hand covering his face.
②Both men have been entered ________ the 100 metres in Paris next month.
【學會表達】完成句子
③洞的入口高四英尺,寬四英尺。
_________________________ is four feet high and four feet wide.
entrance
for
The entrance to the cave
processed adj. 加工過的，經加工的
in the process of ... 在……的過程中
in the process 同時，在此過程中
in process 在進行中
be processed into ... 被加工成……
2.process n. 過程；進程；步驟　vt. 處理；加工(教材P6)
【語境感知】
①The company is in the process of moving to new offices.
這家公司正在遷往新辦公室。
②What you have learned in the process will prove useful in your future work.
你在這個過程中學到的東西在你未來的工作中會被證明是有用的。(建議信)
③Although this project is still in process and needs some work, it looks promising.
盡管此項目仍在進行中，并且仍有一些工作要做，但其前景可觀。
④The material will be processed into plastic pellets.
這種材料將被加工成塑料小球。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①The administration is in the process of ________ (draw) up a peace plan.
②It will be boiled and processed ________ one of the most important materials.
③Eating more natural food is healthier than eating ___________ (process) food.
【學會表達】翻譯句子
④她的小說正被拍成電視連續劇。
____________________________________________________________________
drawing
into
processed
Her novel is in the process of being turned into a television series.
forgiveness n. 原諒
forgive sb sth 原諒某人某事
forgive sb for (doing) sth 原諒某人(做了)某事
forgive and forget 不計前嫌；不記仇
3.forgive vt.& vi. (forgave; forgiven) 原諒；寬恕　vt. 對不起；請原諒(教材P7)
【語境感知】
①He begged forgiveness for what he had done.
他為自己所做的事請求原諒。
②She could never forgive him for the theft of the money.
她永遠不能原諒他偷了錢。
③I don't think she's ever quite forgiven me for getting her name wrong that time.
我覺得那次我把她的名字弄錯了，她到現在也沒原諒我。
④He didn't look the sort of man to forgive and forget.
他看起來不是那種可以不計前嫌的人。
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①Forgive me for ________ (say) so, but that's useless.
②I'll never forgive her ________ what she did.
【學會表達】完成句子
③請原諒我沒能盡快給你回信。
____________________________________ reply to you as soon as possible.
saying
for
Please forgive me for not being able to
4.professional adj. 專業的；職業的　n. 專業人員；職業選手→____________ n. 職業；行業→ _____________ adv. 在職業上；內行地
【語境感知】
I am very interested in the sales profession and I believe your company can provide a good opportunity for my professional development.
我對銷售行業非常感興趣，我相信貴公司能為我的職業發展提供一個很好的機會。
（二）拓展詞
profession
professionally
5.archaeologist n. 考古學家→____________ n. 考古學
【語境感知】
The exhibition kindled the boy's interest in archaeology and he was determined to become an archaeologist.
這次展覽激發了這個男孩對考古學的興趣，他決心成為一名考古學家。
archaeology
【學會運用】單句語法填空
①He has been playing basketball ______________ (professional) for five years.
②After discussions with the local people, the ________________ (archaeology) set out to dig near a village.
【學會表達】完成句子
③他一步一步努力,終于成為行業內的翹楚。
He worked his way to _______________________.
④他在大學里主修考古學,并夢想著將來成為一名考古學家。
He ____________________ in university and dreamed of becoming an archaeologist in the future.
professionally
archaeologist(s)
the top of his profession
majored in archaeology
6.mirror [熟義] n. 鏡子
[生義] n. ____________________________ 　vt. __________________
【語境感知】
①When I looked in the mirror, I couldn't believe it. I looked fantastic!
當我照鏡子時，我簡直不敢相信。我看起來太棒了！
②Dickens' novels are a mirror of his times.
狄更斯的小說是他那個時代的寫照。
③Our newspaper aims to mirror the opinions of ordinary people.
我們的報紙旨在反映普通人的意見。
（三）熟詞生義
寫照；反映某種情況的事物
反映；映照；反射
【學會理解】同義詞替換
①The music of the time mirrored the feeling of optimism in the country. ________________
【學會表達】翻譯句子
②他心不在焉地看著鏡子中的自己。
____________________________________________________________________
③這本書雖然不是傳記,但仍舊是他生活的寫照。
____________________________________________________________________
reflected 反映
He absent mindedly looked at himself in the mirror.
The book is a mirror of his life even if/though it is not a biography.
探究二　限制性定語從句(3)
限制性定語從句：起限定作用，指特定的人或物，不可省略，否則主句句意不完整、含混不清或發生改變。
語法點1　與非限制性定語從句的區別
(1)在格式上，限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句最明顯的區別就是后者要用逗號與主句隔開。
①The girl who spoke is my best friend.
講話的那個女孩是我最好的朋友。
②I like to chat with Jack, who is a clever boy.
我喜歡和杰克聊天，他是個聰明的男孩。
(2)在意義上，限制性定語從句主要修飾先行詞，與主句關系密切，去除后會使主句意義不完整。而非限制性定語從句主要是對先行詞進行補充說明，與主句的關系沒有那么密切，省略后不會影響到主句的完整意思。
①This is the family which is planning to move to the city.
這是計劃搬進城里的一家人。
②She dances well, which I've known since I saw her dance last year.
她跳舞跳得好，自從我去年看過她跳舞我就知道這件事了。
(3)限制性定語從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是名詞、代詞、短語或句子。另外，當先行詞為專有名詞或其他獨一無二的普通名詞時，通常用非限制性定語從句。
①A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
商店應存有最暢銷的貨物。(which引導限制性定語從句，先行詞為goods)
②David studies hard and is ready to help others, which is what his parents expect.
大衛努力學習，樂于助人，這是他父母所期望的。(which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為整個主句)
(4)在限制性定語從句中，關系詞在從句中作賓語時可以省略；而非限制性定語從句中關系詞一律不能省略。
①This is the best film (that) I have ever seen for years.
這是多年來我看過的最好的一部電影。
②This machine, which I have looked after for 20 years, is still working perfectly.
這臺機器我照管了20年，現在仍然運轉良好。
單句語法填空
①Do you know the professor ___________ is speaking at the meeting
②I couldn't find the book __________________ you recommended.
③He has passed the college entrance examination, ________ makes his parents quite happy.
④In our company there are two experts ________ come from Russia.
⑤The old man still lives in the hut, ________ windows face north.
who/that
that/which/不填
which
who/that
whose
語法點2　使用時需要注意的問題
關系代詞只用that的情況
(1)當先行詞是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞或被它們修飾時。
All that can be done must be done.
凡是能做的都必須做。
(2)當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。
①That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.
那是這家書店出售的最有趣的書之一。
②The first thing that we should do is to get some food.
我們該做的第一件事是弄點吃的。
(3)先行詞由the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時。
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.
我的項鏈不是唯一丟失的東西。
(4)當先行詞既有人又有物時。
The writer and his novels that you have just talked about are really well known.
你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實很出名。
(5)當主句以who或which開頭時，引導詞用that，不用who或which，以避免 重復。
Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat
穿紅色外套的女孩子是誰？
關系代詞只用which而不用that的情況
在介詞后面的關系代詞用which而不能用that。即“介詞＋which(指代物)”。
There is a sense in which we are all to blame for the tragedy.
在某種意義上，對這個悲劇我們大家都有責任。
as引導的定語從句
(1)as引導限制性定語從句時，主要用在such ... as和the same ... as的結構中，as可指代表示人或物的先行詞。
We have found such materials as are used in their factory.
我們已經找到了像他們工廠里使用的那些材料。(such ... as結構中，as后的句子解釋說明先行詞materials)
(2)as引導非限制性定語從句時，可放在主句之前、之后或句中。此時修飾的是整個主句，并對其進行解釋說明。
Thanksgiving Day has been an international festival, as we know.
眾所周知，感恩節已經成為一個國際性的節日。(as引導的從句解釋說明前面的主句)
主謂一致
(1)關系代詞在從句中作主語時，其謂語動詞的人稱和數要與先行詞保持一致。
①Choose someone who is fit for the job.
選一個適合這份工作的人。
②Do you know the girls who are wearing long dresses
你認識那些穿著長裙的女孩嗎？
(2)先行詞是the only one of ＋可數名詞復數，關系詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語用單數(因為此時的先行詞是the only one，而不是of后的可數名詞復數)。
He is the only one of the boys that likes playing the piano.
他是那些男孩子當中唯一一個喜歡彈鋼琴的。
(3)先行詞是one of ＋可數名詞復數，關系詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語用復數(因為此時的先行詞是of后的可數名詞復數，而不是one)。
She is one of the students who are late.
她是遲到的學生之一。
(4)從句中主語是one of which時，從句謂語用單數(主語是one)。
There are many kinds of energy, one of which is nuclear energy.
能源有很多種，其中一種是核能。
完成句子
①他是那些男孩中唯一懂英語的男孩。
He is the only one of the boys ____________________．
②話語不能意味著它們所代表的一切。
Words cannot mean ____________________．
③正如我在電話中解釋的那樣,你的要求將在會議上得到考慮。
___________________________, your request will be considered at the meeting.
④這是他過去在村里住過的房子。
This is the house in ____________________ in the village.
⑤他一個月僅賺1,200元,其中一半給了他上大學的兒子。
He earns only 1,200 yuan a month, _____________________________ at college.
who knows English
all that they stand for
As I explained on the phone
which he used to live
half of which is given to his son
對點練習 鞏固所學
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義 b.匹配下列短語的詞義
(____)1.exit (____)2.roof (____)3.dragon (____)4.pyramid (____)5.republic　 A.n. 頂部；屋頂 B.n. (古埃及的)金字塔 C.n. 共和國 D.n. 出口；通道 E.n. 龍 (____)6.take down (____)7.tell right from wrong (____)8.be processed into ... (____)9.forgive and forget (____)10.college entrance examination A.明辨是非
B.不計前嫌
C.拆除，拆卸
D.高考
E.被加工成……
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
D
A
E
B
C
C
A
E
B
D
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．________ n. 入口；進入
2．________ n. 鏡子
3．________ n. 游行；檢閱　vi. 游行慶祝；游行示威
4．________ adj. 海外的　adv. 在海外
5．___________ vt.下載　n. 下載；已下載的數據資料
6．_____________ adj. 專業的；職業的　n. 專業人員；職業選手
7．________ vt.& vi. 原諒；寬恕　vt. 對不起；請原諒
8．________ n. 一張(紙)；床單；被單
9．______________ n. 考古學家
10．________ n. 過程；進程；步驟　vt. 處理；加工
entrance
mirror
parade
overseas
download
professional
forgive
sheet
archaeologist
process
Ⅲ.選詞填空
1．They need to seek _____________ training in all new skills.
2．He has returned to Shanghai from his long ________ trip.
3．There are usually many taxis waiting at the ________ of the theater.
4．The ______________ has to get special permission to open up the grave.
5．Most of the food we buy is _____________ in some way.
6．He didn't like white, so he decided to colour the ________ green.
7．Thanksgiving Day ________ are held in some cities.
8．You may ____________ such pictures to your computer or smart phone.
professional
archaeologist, sheet, parade, download, professional, overseas, process, exit
overseas
exit
archaeologist
processed
sheet
parades
download
Ⅳ.單句語法填空
1．We should write it down in sand where winds of ____________ (forgive) can erase it away.
2．And then Mary, _____________ we had been talking about earlier, walked in.
3．Kate and Jim talked much about the things and persons ________ made their trip amazing.
4．She's an artist ________ work I really admire.
5．We were sitting, ________ I remember, in a riverside restaurant.
6．He lived in a time ________ the blind couldn't get much education.
7．She has three children, none of ________ is of school age.
8．He was about to sit for his ________ (enter) exam.
forgiveness
who/whom
that
whose
as
when
whom
entrance
Ⅴ.完成表達
1．The bridge is ________________ (在……的過程中) being built.
2．On a Sunday night, a poor young violinist was playing his violin ________________ (在……入口) the subway station.
3．________________________________ (請原諒我打斷你的話), but I really don't agree with that.
in the process of
at the entrance to
Please forgive me for interrupting
Ⅵ.完整表達
1．醫生就是負責人們健康的人。(限制性定語從句)
____________________________________________________________________
2．她假裝不認識我,我無法理解這件事。(非限制性定語從句)
____________________________________________________________________
3．我們所有人都欽佩你告訴我的那位科學家和他所取得的成就。(限制性定語從句)
____________________________________________________________________
A doctor is a person that/who looks after people's health.
She pretended not to know me，which I didn't understand.
The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
課后課時作業
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·吉林省長春市第二中學高一上期末)Lucas majors in classic linguistics (語言學). He is equal to recognizing a language in a(n) __1__ way no matter how unfamiliar it is. Last year, he __2__ a shell with some totally strange __3__ carved on it at a small stand.
Based on his demanding __4__ he knew it was from a small village. Besides, after __5__ some information in many reference books, he had his point of view: the symbols were __6__ as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen, a kind of writing system which dates back to 1500 BC.
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Lucas had a(n) __7__ attitude to the discovery and applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village. With permission given, he visited it. He found the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect, whose vocabulary __8__ from Mandarin spoken by 1.4 billion people.
Despite many __9__， understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report. The report was __10__ where he gave a full description: The characters __11__ by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty were passed down by means of bones and __12__. Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, __13__ for hundreds of years. But it __14__ disappeared due to some factors.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了主修古典語言學的Lucas (盧卡斯)無意中發現了一個刻有甲骨文的貝殼，在查閱書籍形成自己的觀點后，他開始進一步的調查研究并完成了一篇報告，引起了學術界的轟動。
篇章導讀
Lucas's report was a __15__ in the academic field, attracting more people to these special characters.
1．(　　)A.ancient B．narrow
C．specific D．demanding
2．(　　)A.appreciated B．begged
C．discovered D．buried
解析：ancient古老的；narrow狹窄的；specific特定的；demanding苛求的。根據上文“Lucas majors in ... recognizing a language”可推知，主修古典語言學的Lucas應該是有識別陌生語言的特定方式。故選C。
解析：appreciate欣賞；beg乞求；discover發現；bury埋藏。根據下文“a shell with some totally strange __3__ carved on it at a small stand”可推知，Lucas在小攤上發現了這個表面刻著一些陌生符號的貝殼。故選C。
答案
解析
3．(　　)A.pants B．affairs
C．symbols D．gaps
4．(　　)A.calligraphy B．investigation
C．delivery D．summary
解析： pants褲子；affair事務；symbol符號；gap間隙。根據下文“the symbols”可知，貝殼上刻著一些完全陌生的符號。故選C。
解析： calligraphy書法；investigation調查；delivery投遞；summary總結。根據下文“he knew it was from a small village”可推知，他是通過一番調查后，得知了貝殼的來源。故選B。
答案
解析
5．(　　)A.looking up B．applying for
C．sweeping away D．coming along
6．(　　)A.honored B．regarded
C．employed D．recommended
解析： look up查找；apply for申請；sweep away掃除；come along進展。根據下文“some information in many reference books”可推知，他查找了許多參考書中的一些信息。故選A。
解析： honor尊敬；regard認為；employ雇用；recommend推薦。根據上文“the symbols”和下文“as a variety of the writing system of Jiaguwen”可推知，貝殼上的符號被認為是甲骨文書寫系統的一種變體，be regarded as為固定搭配，意為“被認為是，被視作”。故選B。
答案
解析
7．(　　)A.extra B．serious
C．calm D．suitable
8．(　　)A.suffered B．learned
C．differed D．survived
解析： extra額外的；serious嚴肅的；calm平靜的；suitable合適的。根據下文“applied to his university for a further research by visiting the village”可知，Lucas向大學申請進行進一步的研究，由此可推知，他對待這一發現是嚴肅認真的。故選B。
解析： suffer遭受；learn學到；differ有差異；survive幸存。根據上文“the mother tongue of the villagers was a special dialect”可知，村民的母語是一種特殊的方言，此處是指詞匯與普通話不同，differ from意為“不同于”。故選C。
答案
解析
9．(　　)A.emergencies B．eruptions
C．crashes D．challenges
10．(　　)A.supplied B．destroyed
C．carved D．published
解析： emergency緊急情況；eruption爆發；crash崩潰；challenge挑戰。根據下文“understanding the dialect and finding more shells helped him complete a report”可推知，此處表示盡管面臨許多挑戰。故選D。
解析： supply提供；destroy破壞；carve雕刻；publish發表。根據下文“Lucas's report was a __15__ in the academic field, attracting more people to these special characters.”可知，Lucas的這份報告在學術界引起了反響，由此可知，此處是指被發表了。故選D。
答案
解析
11．(　　)A.sheltered B．told
C．created D．donated
12．(　　)A.shells B．bricks
C．metal D．pipes
解析： shelter庇護；tell告訴；create創造；donate捐贈。根據下文“by a small nation in the Shang Dynasty”可推知，這些文字是商朝的一個小國創造的。故選C。
解析： shell貝殼；brick磚；metal金屬；pipe管道。根據上文“finding more shells”可知，這些文字是通過骨頭和貝殼流傳下來的。故選A。
答案
解析
13．(　　)A.struggling B．appreciating
C．unifying D．tapping
14．(　　)A.fluently B．positively
C．extremely D．finally
解析： struggle奮斗；appreciate欣賞；unify統一；tap輕拍。根據上文“the nation went through ups and downs”可知，這個國家經歷了跌宕起伏，奮斗著延續了數百年。故選A。
解析： fluently流利地；positively積極地；extremely極度地；finally最后。根據上文“Afterwards, the nation went through ups and downs, __13__ for hundreds of years.”和But可推知，這個經歷了跌宕起伏的國家最終還是消失了。故選D。
答案
解析
15．(　　)A.joke B．signal
C．hit D．champion
解析： joke笑話；signal信號；hit成功的或風行一時的事物；champion冠軍。根據下文“attracting more people to these special characters”可知，這份報告吸引了更多的人關注這些特殊的文字，此處是指引起了轟動。故選C。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·河南省南陽市第一高級中學高一下階段檢測)Regarded as the largest Buddhist cave site with the greatest amount of cultural relics in the world, the Mogao Caves, also known as the Caves of the Thousand Buddhas, is a large palace of art combining different ancient architectures, incredible painted sculptures and extraordinary varied wall paintings. 1(____)
Most caves found in the Mogao Caves are examples of rock－cut architecture of different styles in terms of building and function. 2(____) Many of the caves originally had wooden porches, but only five remains. 3(____)
Dating back to over one thousand years ago, the wall paintings in the Mogao Caves, with an area of 450，000 square feet, are valued for their size and richness of content as well as their art techniques. 4(____) They display the history and folk customs of ancient China and illustrate a variety of stories, natural scenery and daily life of ancient people.
There are around 2，400 painted sculptures in the Mogao Caves. 5(____) The early sculptures feature Indian and Central Asian styles, and later they show more Chinese elements.
A．Most of the sculptures are constructed on the hillside in wooden frames.
B．The two earliest porches belong to the wooden architecture of the Song Dynasty.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了莫高窟的洞窟、壁畫以及雕塑的情況。
篇章導讀
C．The amazing wall paintings are colourfully and vividly painted on the walls and ceilings.
D．It is well known for a great number of colourful wall paintings and a variety of vivid statues.
E．Additionally, the wall paintings adopted artistic features from Iran, India, Greece, and other places.
F．The caves are of different sizes, among which the biggest one is 40－metre high and 30－metre wide.
G．They illustrate the magnificent history and wonderful artistic and cultural achievements of several dynasties.
1．答案：G
解析：根據上文內容可知，本段主要介紹了莫高窟的情況，G項(它們展示了幾個朝代輝煌的歷史和精彩的藝術文化成就。)承接上文，繼續對莫高窟的情況展開說明。故選G。
答案
解析
2．答案：F
解析：上文“Most caves found ... building and function.”提到在莫高窟發現的大多數洞窟都是在建筑和功能方面具有不同風格的石刻建筑的例子。F項(這些洞窟大小不一，其中最大的一個高40米，寬30米。)承接上文。故選F。
3．答案：B
解析：上文“Many of the caves originally had wooden porches, but only five remains.”提到許多洞窟最初有木制門廊，但現在只剩下5個。B項(最早的兩個門廊屬于宋代的木質建筑。)承接上文，且其中的porches對應上文中porches。故 選B。
答案
解析
4．答案：C
解析：根據上文“Dating back to ... their art techniques.”可知，本段主要介紹了莫高窟的壁畫情況，C項(墻上和天花板上的壁畫色彩鮮艷，栩栩如生。)符合語境。故選C。
5．答案：A
解析：根據上文“There are around 2，400 painted sculptures in the Mogao Caves.”可知，莫高窟中大約有2，400件彩繪雕塑，A項(大多數雕塑是在山坡上用木制框架建造的。)承接上文，且其中的sculptures為原詞復現。故選A。
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解析
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·安徽省阜陽市高一上期末)Carved out of a rocky hill, the Temple of the Rising Sun had showed the power of Egypt's greatest pharaoh to the Nubian people in the Upper Nile. Over time, the great temple and the smaller buildings became __1__ (cover) in sand for centuries, until __2__ (they) rediscovery in 1813.
But just over a century later, the southernmost relics of this ancient human civilization were threatened __3__ the rising waters of the Nile following the construction (建造) of the Aswan High Dam. The construction of the Dam was meant to develop agriculture as well as economy, and led to a global debate __4__ has appeared on the front pages of every newspaper in __5__ world ever since: Why should people care for ancient stones and buildings when so many people need food
In an attempt __6__ (save) the temples of Egypt, UNESCO said that humanity does not have to sacrifice (犧牲) the past to develop economy in the present. Cultural heritage sites help us understand who we are __7__ also mean massive opportunities for development.
The race against time __8__ (begin) in 1964, when experts from different __9__ (nation) started working together. The whole site was __10__ (careful) cut into large blocks, lifted and moved to a new location 65 metres higher and 200 metres back from the river, preserving it for future generations.
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了埃及為了保護旭日神廟，將其移動到高65米、距河流200米的新位置。
篇章導讀
1．答案：covered
解析：考查非謂語動詞。主句主語the great temple and the smaller buildings與動詞cover之間是被動關系，且設空前有連系動詞became，設空處應用過去分詞。故填covered。
答案
解析
2．答案：their
解析：考查代詞。根據設空后的rediscovery可知，此處應用形容詞性物主代詞作定語，修飾名詞rediscovery。故填their。
3．答案：by
解析：考查介詞。句意：但僅僅一個多世紀后，這個古老人類文明最南端的遺跡就受到了阿斯旺高壩修建后尼羅河水位上漲的威脅。此句為被動語態結構，應用介詞by。故填by。
答案
解析
4．答案：that/which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，且從句中缺少主語；先行詞為a global debate，指物，故此處用關系代詞that或which。故填that/which。
5．答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。in the world為固定搭配，意為“在世界上”。故填the。
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解析
6．答案：to save
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了拯救埃及的神廟，聯合國教科文組織表示，人類不必犧牲過去來發展現在的經濟。in an attempt to do sth意為“為了做某事”，是固定短語。故填to save。
7．答案：and
解析：考查連詞。句意：文化遺產有助于我們了解自己，也意味著巨大的發展機會。設空前help us understand who we are和設空后also mean massive opportunities for development是并列關系，應用并列連詞and連接。故填and。
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解析
8．答案：began
解析：考查動詞的時態。根據設空后時間狀語in 1964可知，句子描述過去發生的事，應用一般過去時。故填began。
9．答案：nations
解析：考查名詞。根據設空前different可知，此處應用名詞復數。故填nations。
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解析
10．答案：carefully
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞修飾動詞cut。故填carefully。
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·四川省興文第二中學高一上月考)Several years ago, I was living in New York and working for an airline, so I never got back home for Christmas. My Christmas was happy too with some other colleagues around. But in my heart I was sad because I couldn't stay with my family. Sometimes my colleagues would say our Christmas was filled with tears. But this Christmas was different. I was lucky. I had the whole day off, which meant I could stay with my family on Christmas Eve.
讀后續寫
When Christmas morning came, I awoke to a small hand rubbing my face. “Dad, Merry Christmas！” my younger son said. He seemed to be racing against time. I knew he was hunting for gifts with his brother eagerly. I got downstairs just to see the two little boys' faces as they looked at the pocket rockets Santa Claus had left them. I realized that the real Christmas was for the children who had deep belief in the amazing power of Santa Claus. At first, their fingers went almost shyly over their toys. When their inspection had been completed, the two boys ensured that the gifts were really delivered by Santa Claus and they dragged everything into the center of the living room.
Delight flooded the room. As their mother began giving out gifts, I smiled to myself, wondering how my unexpected gifts this year would be received. With so many Christmases spent outside, I had prepared so many gifts for my children and together with my wife I hid them in several secret places. But the children were excellent detectives and they found all of them. They were happily opening packages constantly thanking considerate Santa Claus for his kindness and ability to know their desires. But I had not received a single one. I knew they had forgotten my existence with my absence from their Christmas these years.
注意：
1．續寫詞數應為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應位置作答。
I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Suddenly my wife walked up to me.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
5R解讀故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
I, ________， ________
2．Read for conflict/problems (沖突/問題)
I was __________ for I thought ________________________________________．
wife
children
disappointed
my families didn't prepare Christmas gifts for me
3．Read for plot (情節)
4．Read for emotional changes (情感變化)
I was ________ to stay with my family on Christmas Eve. Everyone was satisfied with their gifts, but when I found that nobody seemed to prepare gifts for me, I was ______________．
5．Read for theme (主題)
Even an adult needs ________ especially on festival holiday.
glad
disappointed
caring
4步確定框架
Step 1：先寫最后一句(主題句)
____________________________________________________________________
Step 2：再寫銜接句(第一段的最后一句)
____________________________________________________________________
Step 3：根據所給段首語句寫角色的情感
第一段：
I was ____________ but I had to ________ that nothing wrong happened to me.
第二段：
My family didn't __________________ and they gave a big surprise that made me really ________．
I was moved to tears.
I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeling disappointed.
disappointed
pretend
ignore my feeling
moved
Step 4：補全續寫每段的中間內容
第一段：
I was ___________ whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to _______________ which he deeply believed were carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his and ______________________ from them.
第二段：
It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I thought ____________________ her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me.I opened it and saw a letter which read “We will never ____________. Merry Christmas！” Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight.
wondering
admire his gifts
allow me to choose one
she was showing off
forget you
寫前導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。“我”因工作原因已經很久沒和家人一起過圣誕節了，有幸今年能夠和家人一起過圣誕節，“我”感到很開心也很期待。但是“我”卻失望地發現大家沒有為“我”準備禮物，“我”的內心活動是怎樣的？大家真的忘記為“我”準備禮物了嗎？
寫前導讀
[精彩范文]
I had to admit that my disappointment was growing steadily. I was wondering whether I could get a gift when my younger son ran to me, who was really kind enough to save my face. He asked me to admire his gifts which he deeply believed were carefully chosen by Santa Claus. He said happily that he would share some of the gifts of his and allow me to choose one from them. I thanked him from the bottom of my heart, still feeling disappointed.
Suddenly my wife walked up to me. It seemed that she had guessed how I felt. She asked me to look at the Christmas tree which was decorated with so many boxes. I thought she was showing off her efforts on the decoration but she took off a small box and passed it to me smiling and saying it was for me. I opened it and saw a letter which read “We will never forget you. Merry Christmas！” Under the letter was a watch which was clicking with delight. I was moved to tears.
答案
情節邏輯(范文和自己想的有何不同)
語言表達(原文和范文中有哪些表達更地道更準確) 1.
2.
3.

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