資源簡介

Period 3　 語言知識講練
1．switch vi．& vt．轉(zhuǎn)換，改變
The remote control allows you to switch easily between TV channels．
遙控器讓你在不同電視頻道之間輕松地轉(zhuǎn)換。
[知識拓展]
switch off 　　 切斷(電源等)
switch on 打開(開關(guān))；接通(電源等)
switch (from．．．) to．．． (從……)轉(zhuǎn)變成……，(從……)轉(zhuǎn)換
到……
switch sth．with sb． 和某人交換某物
switch over 轉(zhuǎn)換；轉(zhuǎn)接
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①Switch_________ the TV before you go out．
②She switched_________ the lamp because it was dark．
③We asked them if they would switch places_________ us．
2．urgent adj．緊急的，急迫的
He asked to see the manager for something urgent．
他有急事求見經(jīng)理。
[知識拓展]
(1)urge v．　　　　 催促；敦促；力勸；強(qiáng)烈要求
urge sb．to do sth．/into doing sth． 敦促某人做某事
urge that sb．(should) do sth． 敦促某人做某事
urge sth．on sb． 向某人提出/力陳某事
(2)urgency n． 緊迫；急迫；緊急的事
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①The report urged that all children_________________(teach) to swim．
②He denounces people who urge him_________(change) his ways．
③I need not press on you the_________(urgent) of the matter．
3．die out 消失；絕跡，滅絕
As a result these endangered animals may even die out．
結(jié)果，這些瀕危動物甚至?xí)缃^。
[知識拓展]
die away 　 逐漸減弱，逐漸模糊，逐漸消失
die down 逐漸降低，逐漸平息
die off 相繼死去
die of 死于(內(nèi)因)
die from 死于(外因)
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①As the region is becoming hotter，this kind of grass is dying_________．
②Their chatter and laughter died_________ as the group rushed out of the classroom．
③When all the guests had left，the whole house died_________．
④We need to take action before all the endangered animals die_________．
4．wipe out 徹底毀滅
The plague once could wipe out a village．
鼠疫曾一度可以奪走整個村莊村民的生命。
[知識拓展]
wipe away　　　　　　 擦去，消除
wipe off 擦掉，除掉
wipe up 擦凈
wipe sth．from/off sth． 從……上擦去……
wipe．．．with．．． 用……擦……
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①When you've finished with it，simply wipe it clean_________ a damp cloth．
②He wiped the marks_________ the wall．
5．varied adj．各種各樣的，形形色色的
It is essential that your diet is varied and balanced．
關(guān)鍵是你的飲食要多樣化，并保持均衡。
[知識拓展]
(1)various adj．　　　　 各種各樣的
for various reasons 因種種理由
(2)variety n． 變化；品種；種類；多樣化
a variety of/varieties of 多種多樣的
(3)vary v． 變化；不同
vary with．．． 隨……而變化
vary from．．．to．．． 從……到……變化不等
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①They were late for the meeting for a_________ (vary) of reasons．
②There are_________(vary) plants and flowers in the park．
③The weather here_________(vary) with seasons．
6．decrease n．減少；減少的量vi．& vt．減少
If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food，their numbers may decrease．
如果它們的棲息地受到威脅或者它們找不到足夠的食物，它們的數(shù)量就會減少。
[知識拓展]
(1)on the decrease 　　　 在減少中
a decrease in．．． 在……方面減少
(2)decrease to．．． 減少到……
decrease by．．． 減少了……
decrease from．．．to．．． 從……減少到……
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①There is a decrease of nearly 7%_________ the number of visitors to the museum．
②The number of independent firms decreased from 198_________ 96．
③Because of human activity，the number of some rare animals is_________ the decrease．
[名師點(diǎn)津]　
decrease的反義詞increase的用法：
increase to 增加/增長到……
increase by 增加/增長了……
on the increase 在增加中
7．blame vt．責(zé)怪，指責(zé)
It seemed that the water was to blame．
看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?br/>[知識拓展]
(1)be to blame　　 把……歸咎于
be to blame for sth． 對某事負(fù)有責(zé)任
blame sb．for sth． 因某事責(zé)備某人；把某事歸咎于某人
blame sth．on sb．/sth． 把某事歸咎于某人/某事
(2)put/lay the blame for sth．on sb． 將某事歸咎于某人
get/accept/bear/take the blame for sth． 對某事承擔(dān)責(zé)任
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①If that happens，the coach will take_________blame for it．
②You are not_________ (blame)．I can't put the blame_________ you．
③You shouldn't blame John_________ the failure．
＝Y(jié)ou shouldn't blame the failure_________ John．
8．a(chǎn)ffect vt．影響
I had to make an important decision that would affect me for the rest of my life．
我不得不作出將影響我后半生的重大決定。
[知識拓展]
(1)affect sb．/sth．　 影響某人/某物
(2)effect n． 結(jié)果；效力；影響；效果；作用
put/bring．．．into effect 使……生效，實(shí)行……
in effect 事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上
take effect 生效；奏效
come into effect 開始實(shí)施；開始生效
have an effect on 對……有影響
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①_________effect，we feel superior to them．
②The new law is said to have come_________ effect from April．
③Great scientific achievements will_________________________ as well as society．
＝Great scientific achievements will_________________________ as well as society．
重大的科學(xué)成就將對我們的生活和社會產(chǎn)生很大的影響。
9．be at risk處境危險(xiǎn)，受到威脅
As with all diseases，certain groups will be more at risk than others．
所有的疾病都是如此，一些人比另一些人更容易受到威脅。
[知識拓展]
(1)at risk of　　　　 處于……的危險(xiǎn)之中
at all risks＝at any risk 無論冒什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
at the risk of．．． 冒……的危險(xiǎn)
take risks/a risk 冒險(xiǎn)
take/run the risk of doing sth． 冒險(xiǎn)做某事；冒著做某事的危險(xiǎn)/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
(2)risk doing sth． 冒險(xiǎn)做某事
risk one's life to do sth． 冒著生命危險(xiǎn)做某事
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①He jumped into the river_________ the risk of losing his life．
②I didn't want to take the risk of_________ (leave) John alone．
③He worked hard，for he couldn't risk_________ (lose) the good job．＝ He worked hard，for he couldn't take/run the risk_________ losing the good job．
it作形式主語
(教材p．53)It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth，including animals and plants．
很明顯，人類活動已經(jīng)對地球上所有其他物種產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響，包括動物和植物。
[句式分析]
句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。
[例1]It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city．
可以確定的是我們城市的多數(shù)人將享受免費(fèi)醫(yī)療。
[例2]It was obvious that the driver could not control his car．
顯然這位司機(jī)無法控制他的汽車了。
[知識拓展]
it 作形式主語，真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的從句的常見形式有：
(1)It be＋形容詞(obvious，possible，strange，natural，important．．．) ＋that 從句。
(2)It be＋名詞短語(a pity，a fact，a wonder，a shame，an honour，no wonder．．．) ＋that 從句。
(3)It be＋過去分詞(said，thought，hoped，believed，declared，supposed，reported．．．) ＋that 從句。
(4)It＋不及物動詞(seem，occur，happen．．．) ＋that 從句。
[即學(xué)即練]　完成句子
①_____________nobody will like to have dinner in such a dirty place．
很明顯，沒有人想在這么臟的地方吃飯。
②_____________we failed to fulfil the task ahead of time．
我們沒能提前完成任務(wù)，真感到慚愧。
③_____________it is the earliest and largest paper-making workshop site ever found in ancient China．
人們認(rèn)為這是迄今為止在中國發(fā)現(xiàn)的最早和最大的造紙作坊。
④_________________I had left my ticket at home．
我突然想起把票忘在家里了。
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．It was surprising_________ she passed the difficult exam．
2．At the risk of_________ (blame)，he drove his father's car to school．
3．Oil spills are having a devastating effect_________ coral reefs in the ocean．
4．The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased_________ 700 persons．
5．Tom's life was_________ (vary) and pleasant enough，on the whole．
6．The tsunami that followed engulfed the northeast and wiped_________ entire towns．
7．Many of our old customs are_________ (die) out day by day．
8．We need to switch_________ the cell phone and leave the children to play by themselves．
9．The country needs new leadership if she is to play a role_________ future development．
10．The society was set up to preserve_________(endanger) species from extinction．
Ⅱ．單句寫作
1．如果我們不采取行動，許多物種將很快滅絕。
Many species_________________ if we don't take action．
2．在這些無私的醫(yī)生的影響下，我喜歡上了這個職業(yè)。
________________________，I have developed a deep affection for the career．
3．正當(dāng)他絞盡腦汁尋找原因時，他突然想到他們一定要為這次事故負(fù)責(zé)。
While he was racking his brain for reasons，it suddenly occurred to him that they must_________________________．
4．一只兇猛的狼追趕著我，我意識到我有危險(xiǎn)。
I realised that I_________________________ with a fierce wolf chasing me．
5．有人建議孩子們與父母溝通，為建立和諧的家庭關(guān)系作出貢獻(xiàn)。
_________________children should communicate with their parents，making contributions to building a harmonious family relationship．
Ⅲ．課文語法填空
In our Earth's history，there have been five times 1．_________life on Earth has almost ended．The third mass extinction 2．________(kill) 90% to 96% of all species and the fifth event caused the 3．________(die) of the dinosaurs．The natural reasons include volcanic eruptions，asteroids hitting the Earth from space，changes in sea levels，the decrease 4．_________the oxygen content of the sea 5．_________global warming．This time，human activity will be 6．________(blame) for the Earth's sixth mass extinction．Air and water pollution，forests being destroyed，factory farming and overfishing are causing species to die out 1，000 times 7．________(fast) than normal．We ought to take action to avoid a 8．________(six) extinction now，which means we have to save 9．________(endanger) species，change how we work and travel and improve our farming methods to reduce water，air and land pollution．In short，if we want to survive，we need to stop 10．________(destroy) the planet that we live on and start to protect it．
Period 3
核心詞匯
1．①off　②on　③with
2．①(should) be taught　②to change　③urgency
3．①off　②away　③down　④out
4．①with　②off/from
5．①variety　②various/varied　③varies
6．①in　②to　③on
7．①the　②to blame；on　③for；on
8．①In　②into　③greatly affect our life；have a great effect on our life
9．①at　②leaving　③losing；of
句法句式
①It is obvious that　②It's a shame that　③It is believed that
④It occurred to me that
鞏固落實(shí)
Ⅰ．1．that　2．being blamed　3．on　4．to　5．varied/various　6．out　7．dying　8．off　9．in　10．endangered
Ⅱ．1．will soon die out　2．Affected by those selfless doctors　3．be to blame for the accident　4．was at risk　5．It is suggested that
Ⅲ．1．when　2．killed　3．death　4．of　5．a(chǎn)nd　6．to blame　7．faster　8．sixth　9．endangered　10．destroying
1 / 8(共39張PPT)
復(fù)習(xí)任務(wù)群一
現(xiàn)代文閱讀Ⅰ
把握共性之“新”　打通應(yīng)考之“脈”
UNIT 3　CONSERVATION
主題語境 人與自然——人類生存、社會發(fā)展與環(huán)境的關(guān)系
Period 3　課時學(xué)案 語言知識講練
Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1
1．switch vi．& vt．轉(zhuǎn)換，改變
The remote control allows you to switch easily between TV channels．
遙控器讓你在不同電視頻道之間輕松地轉(zhuǎn)換。
[知識拓展]
switch off 　　　　 切斷(電源等)
switch on 打開(開關(guān))；接通(電源等)
switch (from…) to… (從……)轉(zhuǎn)變成……，(從……)轉(zhuǎn)換
到……
switch sth．with sb． 和某人交換某物
switch over 轉(zhuǎn)換；轉(zhuǎn)接
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①Switch ___ the TV before you go out．
②She switched __ the lamp because it was dark．
③We asked them if they would switch places ____ us．
off
on
with
2．urgent adj．緊急的，急迫的
He asked to see the manager for something urgent．
他有急事求見經(jīng)理。
[知識拓展]
(1)urge v．　　　　 催促；敦促；力勸；強(qiáng)烈要求
urge sb．to do sth．/into doing sth． 敦促某人做某事
urge that sb．(should) do sth． 敦促某人做某事
urge sth．on sb． 向某人提出/力陳某事
(2)urgency n． 緊迫；急迫；緊急的事
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①The report urged that all children _______________ (teach) to swim．
②He denounces people who urge him __________(change) his ways．
③I need not press on you the _______(urgent) of the matter．
(should) be taught
to change
urgency
[知識拓展]
die away 　　　 逐漸減弱，逐漸模糊，逐漸消失
die down 逐漸降低，逐漸平息
die off 相繼死去
die of 死于(內(nèi)因)
die from 死于(外因)
3．die out 消失；絕跡，滅絕
As a result these endangered animals may even die out．
結(jié)果，這些瀕危動物甚至?xí)缃^。
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①As the region is becoming hotter，this kind of grass is dying ___．
②Their chatter and laughter died _____ as the group rushed out of the classroom．
③When all the guests had left，the whole house died _____．
④We need to take action before all the endangered animals die ___．
off
away
down
out
[知識拓展]
wipe away　　　　　　 擦去，消除
wipe off 擦掉，除掉
wipe up 擦凈
wipe sth．from/off sth． 從……上擦去……
wipe…with… 用……擦……
4．wipe out 徹底毀滅
The plague once could wipe out a village．
鼠疫曾一度可以奪走整個村莊村民的生命。
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①When you've finished with it，simply wipe it clean ____ a damp cloth．
②He wiped the marks _________ the wall．
with
off/from
5．varied adj．各種各樣的，形形色色的
It is essential that your diet is varied and balanced．
關(guān)鍵是你的飲食要多樣化，并保持均衡。
[知識拓展]
(1)various adj．　　　　　　　各種各樣的
for various reasons 因種種理由
(2)variety n． 變化；品種；種類；多樣化
a variety of/varieties of 多種多樣的
(3)vary v． 變化；不同
vary with… 隨……而變化
vary from…to… 從……到……變化不等
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①They were late for the meeting for a _______ (vary) of reasons．
②There are _______________(vary) plants and flowers in the park．
③The weather here ______(vary) with seasons．
variety
various/varied
varies
6．decrease n．減少；減少的量vi．& vt．減少
If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food，their numbers may decrease．
如果它們的棲息地受到威脅或者它們找不到足夠的食物，它們的數(shù)量就會減少。
[知識拓展]
(1)on the decrease 　　　　 在減少中
a decrease in… 在……方面減少
(2)decrease to… 減少到……
decrease by… 減少了……
decrease from…to… 從……減少到……
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①There is a decrease of nearly 7% __ the number of visitors to the museum．
②The number of independent firms decreased from 198 __ 96．
③Because of human activity，the number of some rare animals is __ the decrease．
in
to
on
[名師點(diǎn)津]　
decrease的反義詞increase的用法：
increase to 增加/增長到……
increase by 增加/增長了……
on the increase 在增加中
7．blame vt．責(zé)怪，指責(zé)
It seemed that the water was to blame．
看來水是罪魁禍?zhǔn)住?br/>[知識拓展]
(1)be to blame　　　 把……歸咎于
be to blame for sth． 對某事負(fù)有責(zé)任
blame sb．for sth． 因某事責(zé)備某人；把某事歸咎于某人
blame sth．on sb．/sth． 把某事歸咎于某人/某事
(2)put/lay the blame for sth．on sb． 將某事歸咎于某人
get/accept/bear/take the blame for sth． 對某事承擔(dān)責(zé)任
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①If that happens，the coach will take ___ blame for it．
②You are not _________ (blame)．I can't put the blame __ you．
③You shouldn't blame John ___ the failure．
＝Y(jié)ou shouldn't blame the failure __ John．
the
to blame
on
for
on
8．a(chǎn)ffect vt．影響
I had to make an important decision that would affect me for the rest of my life．
我不得不作出將影響我后半生的重大決定。
[知識拓展]
(1)affect sb．/sth．　　　 影響某人/某物
(2)effect n． 結(jié)果；效力；影響；效果；作用
put/bring…into effect 使……生效，實(shí)行……
in effect 事實(shí)上；實(shí)際上
take effect 生效；奏效
come into effect 開始實(shí)施；開始生效
have an effect on 對……有影響
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①__ effect，we feel superior to them．
②The new law is said to have come ____ effect from April．
③Great scientific achievements will _________________ as well as society．
＝Great scientific achievements will ________________________ as well as society．
重大的科學(xué)成就將對我們的生活和社會產(chǎn)生很大的影響。
In
into
greatly affect our life
have a great effect on our life
9．be at risk處境危險(xiǎn)，受到威脅
As with all diseases，certain groups will be more at risk than others．
所有的疾病都是如此，一些人比另一些人更容易受到威脅。
[知識拓展]
(1)at risk of　　　　 處于……的危險(xiǎn)之中
at all risks＝at any risk 無論冒什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
at the risk of… 冒……的危險(xiǎn)
take risks/a risk 冒險(xiǎn)
take/run the risk of doing sth． 冒險(xiǎn)做某事；冒著做某事的危險(xiǎn)/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
(2)risk doing sth． 冒險(xiǎn)做某事
risk one's life to do sth． 冒著生命危險(xiǎn)做某事
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空
①He jumped into the river __ the risk of losing his life．
②I didn't want to take the risk of _______ (leave) John alone．
③He worked hard，for he couldn't risk ______ (lose) the good job．＝ He worked hard，for he couldn't take/run the risk __ losing the good job．
at
leaving
losing
of
it作形式主語
(教材p．53)It is clear that human activity has negatively affected all other species on Earth，including animals and plants．
很明顯，人類活動已經(jīng)對地球上所有其他物種產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響，包括動物和植物。
[句式分析]
句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。
[例1]It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city．
可以確定的是我們城市的多數(shù)人將享受免費(fèi)醫(yī)療。
[例2]It was obvious that the driver could not control his car．
顯然這位司機(jī)無法控制他的汽車了。
[知識拓展]
it 作形式主語，真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的從句的常見形式有：
(1)It be＋形容詞(obvious，possible，strange，natural，important…) ＋that 從句。
(2)It be＋名詞短語(a pity，a fact，a wonder，a shame，an honour，no wonder…) ＋that 從句。
(3)It be＋過去分詞(said，thought，hoped，believed，declared，supposed，reported…) ＋that 從句。
(4)It＋不及物動詞(seem，occur，happen…) ＋that 從句。
[即學(xué)即練]　完成句子
①_____________________ nobody will like to have dinner in such a dirty place．
很明顯，沒有人想在這么臟的地方吃飯。
②_____________________ we failed to fulfil the task ahead of time．
我們沒能提前完成任務(wù)，真感到慚愧。
③______________________ it is the earliest and largest paper-making workshop site ever found in ancient China．
人們認(rèn)為這是迄今為止在中國發(fā)現(xiàn)的最早和最大的造紙作坊。
④__________________________ I had left my ticket at home．
我突然想起把票忘在家里了。
It is obvious that
It's a shame that
It is believed that
It occurred to me that
Ⅰ．單句語法填空
1．It was surprising ____ she passed the difficult exam．
2．At the risk of _____________ (blame)，he drove his father's car to school．
3．Oil spills are having a devastating effect __ coral reefs in the ocean．
4．The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased __ 700 persons．
that
being blamed
on
to
5．Tom's life was _______________ (vary) and pleasant enough，on the whole．
6．The tsunami that followed engulfed the northeast and wiped ___ entire towns．
7．Many of our old customs are _____ (die) out day by day．
8．We need to switch ___ the cell phone and leave the children to play by themselves．
varied/various
out
dying
off
9．The country needs new leadership if she is to play a role __ future development．
10．The society was set up to preserve __________(endanger) species from extinction．
in
endangered
Ⅱ．單句寫作
1．如果我們不采取行動，許多物種將很快滅絕。
Many species ____________________ if we don't take action．
2．在這些無私的醫(yī)生的影響下，我喜歡上了這個職業(yè)。
____________________________，I have developed a deep affection for the career．
3．正當(dāng)他絞盡腦汁尋找原因時，他突然想到他們一定要為這次事故負(fù)責(zé)。
While he was racking his brain for reasons，it suddenly occurred to him that they must _______________________．
will soon die out
Affected by those selfless doctors
be to blame for the accident
4．一只兇猛的狼追趕著我，我意識到我有危險(xiǎn)。
I realised that I _________ with a fierce wolf chasing me．
5．有人建議孩子們與父母溝通，為建立和諧的家庭關(guān)系作出貢獻(xiàn)。
________________ children should communicate with their parents，making contributions to building a harmonious family relationship．
was at risk
It is suggested that
Ⅲ．課文語法填空
In our Earth's history，there have been five times 1．_____ life on Earth has almost ended．The third mass extinction 2．______(kill) 90% to 96% of all species and the fifth event caused the 3．_____(die) of the dinosaurs．The natural reasons include volcanic eruptions，asteroids hitting the Earth from space，changes in sea levels，the decrease 4．__ the oxygen content of the sea 5．___ global warming．This time，human activity will be 6．_________(blame) for the Earth's sixth mass extinction．Air and water pollution，forests being destroyed，factory
when
killed
death
of
and
to blame
farming and overfishing are causing species to die out 1，000 times 7．_____(fast) than normal．We ought to take action to avoid a 8．_____(six) extinction now，which means we have to save 9．__________(endanger) species，change how we work and travel and improve our farming methods to reduce water，air and land pollution．In short，if we want to survive，we need to stop 10．__________(destroy) the planet that we live on and start to protect it．
faster
sixth
endangered
destroying
謝 謝！

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