資源簡(jiǎn)介

(共15張PPT)
Unit 2
Getting along
Grammar
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
To find and summarize the meaning and usage of the present perfect tense with for and since from the context.
01
To use the present perfect tense with for or since to talk about experiences of sharing.
02
新課講授
5
Now find one more sentence with these structures in the reading passage.
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/had /has+done
Presentation
含有 since 或 for 的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
since 其后接過(guò)去某一“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”“時(shí)間段+ago”或從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)開始 since+過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)
①兩者均可用于完成時(shí)態(tài);在陳述句中，與其搭配的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
②“since+過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)”可以和“for+一段時(shí)間”進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換
③對(duì) since/for 構(gòu)成的表示時(shí)間段的短語(yǔ)或句子提問(wèn)應(yīng)用 how long
since+一段時(shí)間+ago since+從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí)) It is/has been+時(shí)間段+since +一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子 for 其后接表示“一段時(shí)間”的名詞短語(yǔ) for+一段時(shí)間 It has been ten years since we met last time.
自從我們上次見面以來(lái)已經(jīng) 10年了。
Mr Green has lived in Shanghai since 1999.
格林先生自從 1999年以來(lái)就住在上海。
I have taught English since twelve years ago.
=I have taught English for twelve years.
我自從 12年前就教英語(yǔ)。
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 表示的是能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久的影響如:work, keep,walk, wait, live ,stay,know等 可以與表示時(shí)間段的狀語(yǔ)連用，如: for+時(shí)間段, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句等
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 表示的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù)，即動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束或產(chǎn)生某種結(jié)果。如:open，borrow, come , g0 ,finish, close , buy 等 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在肯定句中與表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的狀語(yǔ)連用，
如: three months ago , at 4 o'clock
①非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如: buy →have , borrow→keep。
My father bought the car three years ago.
→My father has had the car for three years.
我父親買這輛小汽車3年了。
②非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為“be+形容詞/副詞”,如:
leave →be away(from), open → be open, close →be closed , die → be dead
begin/start →be on, finish/end →be over
He left his hometown last year.>\
→ He has been away from his hometownsince last year 他去年離開了家鄉(xiāng)。
The cat died a week ago. → The cat has beendead for a week. 這只貓死了一個(gè)星期了。
③ 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為“be+介詞(短語(yǔ))”或“be+名詞”,如:
come/go/join/arrive →be in/at
join the army→be a soldier
Jim came to China ten years ago.
→Jim has been in China for ten years.吉姆來(lái)中國(guó) 10年了。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 動(dòng)作完成 強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響,常與just,already,yet等詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在為止的生活經(jīng)歷，常與never,ever,once:twice 等詞連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
動(dòng)作未完成 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)發(fā)生，常與 for/since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
一般過(guò)去時(shí) 動(dòng)作已結(jié)束 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某時(shí)間段內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如yesterday,last year,in 2014等
表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，可與頻度副詞搭配使用
Production
6
Complete the sentences with for or since.
1 We have been friends ___________ Grade 3.
2 They have been together ___________ three years.
3 _________ last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments.
since
for
Since
Complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets.
7
Most people hope to receive birthday gifts. But Jimmy Teng, or "Uncle Jimmy", does things differently.
The 74-year-old has sold ice creams 1_____ the past 17 years in Singapore.
Every year, on 22 March—his birthday—he 2______ (offer) free ice creams. He has done this 3______ his 70th birthday.
for
offers
since
This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. "People 4__________ (be) quite stressed recently and I want to help," he said. "Sharing has made me feel happy 5_____ the past four years."
He 6 ________ (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them have become his friends 7______ they first met. Some students helped him set up social media pages. He has made
many friends online 8______ then.
have been
for
enjoys
since
since
當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)
單項(xiàng)選擇。
1.The famous table tennis player Wang Chuqin ______ 8 men's singles championships
in WTT events since 2022.
A.won B.has won C.wins D.win
2. — Why are you looking for May in a hurry
— The boss is wondering where she ______ and how long she ______ there.
A.has been; has been B.has gone; has gone
C.has been; has gone D.has gone; has been
B
D
3.— How long has Mr.White ______ Joan
— I am not sure. Maybe they got married five years ago.
A.married B. got married to
C. been married with D.been married to
4. Half an hour ______ since the train ______.
A. has passed;left B. has passed;has left
C.passed;has left D.passed;left
D
A
Homework
Review the grammar after class.
Talk about the experience of sharing.

展開更多......

收起↑