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(共20張PPT)
Grammar
Unit 2
Getting along
學習目標
能夠熟練掌握 “for” 和 “since” 在現在完成時句子中的用法。
能夠運用 “for” 和 “since” 進行日常分享經歷的對話交流。
1
2
新課講授
Let’s review
Beginning
The Giant _______ (have) a large garden and the children play in it every afternoon.
Rising action
The Giant ________ (be) away for a long time. One day, he comes back. He finds the children in his garden and _________ (shout) at them. The children run away. Since then, he __________ (see) a child there, and spring __________ (come) to his garden.
Climax
One morning, the Giant hears birds singing. He jumps out of bed and _____ (look) outside. The children __________________ (return), and the garden is lively again. He thinks he ________ (be) selfish.
Ending
The Giant _______ (knock) down the wall and tells the children the garden is theirs.
has been
shouts
hasn’t come
has been
has
looks
knocks
have returned / return
hasn’t seen
Observation
Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
For + 時間段 (Duration): _____________________
Since + 時間點 (Starting Point): _______________
強調動作持續了多久
強調動作從何時開始
5
Now find one more sentence with these structures in the reading passage.
(2) I haven't heard that beautiful birdsong for a while.
(3) I believe spring has come at last.
(4) And the trees are so glad that they have covered
themselves with flowers.
(5) How selfish I’ve been!
(1) “I can not understand why spring has not come
since last year, ” says the Giant.
Understanding
現在完成時Ⅱ
1.用法：
現在完成時表示從過去某時開始持續到現在（包括“現在”在內）的動作或狀態，可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。
表示一段時間的狀語， 如“ for+時間段” “since+時間點” “over the past / last+時間段”等。
例
Over the past ten years, our city has changed a lot.
在過去的十年里，我們的城市變化很大。
I have lived here since 2018.
自從2018年以來我就居住在這里了。
Understanding
Understanding
2. 延續性動詞與非延續性動詞
延續性動詞 表示的是能夠延續的動作，這種動作可以延續下去或產生持久的影響如:work, keep,walk, wait, live ,stay,know等 可以與表示時間段的狀語連用，如: for+時間段, since+時間點/從句等
非延續性動詞 表示的動作不能延續，即動作發生后立即結束或產生某種結果。如:open，borrow, come , g0 ,finish, close , buy 等 非延續性動詞在肯定句中與表示時間點的狀語連用，
如: three months ago , at 4 o'clock
Understanding
3. 常用非延續動詞(短語)與延續性動詞(短語)的轉換。
begin / start - be on
come - be / in / at
leave - be away (from)
buy - have
die - be dead
fall ill - be ill
fall asleep - be asleep
finish / end - be over
go - be away
join - be in ( a member of )
borrow - keep
arrive - be here
go out - be out
catch a cold - have a cold
口訣助記：
常用非延續動詞(短語)與延續性動詞(短語)的轉換:
Understanding
常用結束變狀態，
來去加入有轉換，
借買生病和睡覺，
到達感冒巧分辨，
動作持續與瞬間，
轉換規則記心間。
Application
6
Complete the sentences with for or since.
1 We have been friends ___________ Grade 3.
2 They have been together ___________ three years.
3 _________ last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments.
since
for
Since
for 接時間段，計量很直觀，since連時間點，強調起始點，動作持續要用for，開始至今選since。
Application
Complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets.
7
Most people hope to receive birthday gifts. But Jimmy Teng, or "Uncle Jimmy", does things differently.
The 74-year-old has sold ice creams 1_____ the past 17 years in Singapore.
Every year, on 22 March—his birthday—he 2______ (offer) free ice creams. He has done this 3______ his 70th birthday.
for
offers
since
This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. "People 4__________ (be) quite stressed recently and I want to help," he said. "Sharing has made me feel happy 5_____ the past four years."
He 6 ________ (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them have become his friends 7______ they first met. Some students helped him set up social media pages. He has made
many friends online 8______ then.
have been
for
enjoys
since
since
8
Work in pairs. Discuss your experience of sharing. Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
Innovation
1. When did it happen
It happened last year. It was our school trip to City Park.
2. What happened
My classmate Lei Mei forgot to bring her lunch her lunch. She was hungry and sad.
That’s really bad. Who helped her
3. How did you feel about it
I shared my fired rice with her. Two other classmates shared their fruit and milk with her.
You were really kind!
How did you feel
It made me feel happy.
4. What have you learnt from it
Sharing really bring us close as friends. Since then, I’ve also shared many things with other friends.
That’s very nice.
課堂總結
現在完成時中 for & since 的用法
for：后接時間段 ，說明動作持續時長
例：We have been friends for Grade 3.（×,正確：for + 時間段,如 for 3 years ）
正確示例：They have been together for three years.
since：后接時間點 / 一般過去時句子 ，表動作起始時間
例：Since last year, we’ve shared a lot of happy moments.
例：Many of them have become his friends since they first met.
Homework
整理課堂筆記，抄寫并背誦 “for”“since” 用法
規則及 3 - 5 個典型例句，強化語法記憶。
用英語寫一篇短文，描述自己一段持續的經歷
(如學習某項技能、堅持的愛好等 ), 至少 3 處
運用 “for” 或 “since” ，字數 80~100 詞。

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