資源簡(jiǎn)介

Period 1　 單元詞匯表(Words and Expressions)
1．________ n．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué) 2．________ vt．& n．排放；釋放；發(fā)布 3．trend n．____________ 4．________ vt．& vi．播送；廣播；傳播 n．廣播節(jié)目；電視節(jié)目 5．________ vt．抓住；奪取；控制 6．________ vi．& vt．改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；變革；改良 7．________ vt．& vi．提交；呈遞；屈服 8．________ adj．敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的 9．________ n．(一)打；十二個(gè) 10．________ n．運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役 vi．& vt．參加運(yùn)動(dòng)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng) 11．________ n．政策；方針；原則 12．fine vt．________________ 1．Having fully recovered from its injury，now the bird can ________ (release) into the wild． 2．She ________(fine)$300 and banned from driving for one month． 3．Our school ________ (broadcast) an inspiring story to enhance our spirits now． 4．Because of these ________ (policy) of reform and opening up，China has taken on a new look over the past decades． 5．When he came to power，he had dozens of rules ________ (reform)． 6．My father was ill，so I ________(submit) the claim on behalf of him． 7．He said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking ________ (campaign)． 8．He said there were ________ (dozen) of economic plans in the works．
1．starve vi．& vt．(使)挨餓；餓死→________ n．饑餓；挨餓；餓死→________ adj．挨餓的 2．sustain vt．維持；遭受；承受住→________ adj．可持續(xù)的；合理利用的→________ n．持續(xù)性；可維持性 3．frequent adj．頻繁的；經(jīng)常發(fā)生的→________ adv．頻繁地；經(jīng)常→________ n．頻率；頻繁 4．restrict vt．限制；限定；束縛→________ n．限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束→________ adj．受限制的；有限的 5．harmony n．協(xié)調(diào)；和睦；融洽→________ adj．和諧的 6．restore vt．恢復(fù)；使復(fù)原；修復(fù)→________ n．恢復(fù) 7．conserve vt．保護(hù)；保存→________ n．(對(duì)環(huán)境、文物等) 保護(hù)；保持→________ adj．保守的；守舊的 8．inspect vt．檢查；查看；視察→________ n．檢查；查看；視察→________ n．檢查員；巡視員 9．tolerate vt．忍受；包容；容許→________ n．寬容；忍受→________ adj．寬容的；容忍的→________ n．容忍；忍受；寬容 1．He devoted himself to the research and ________ (frequent) went to the library to look up related information in his spare time． 2．They were threatened with ________ (starve) when flood drowned their village． 3．Make sure all the elevators undergo an annual safety ________(inspect)． 4．Understanding，love and ________ (tolerate) are the first three essentials that come to an authentic friendship． 5．This is the first time we have seen how energy is involved in the ________(conserve) process． 6．Their ________ (harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals． 7．The representatives of the conference think that the number of students in each class should be ______ (restrict) to 30． 8．With time going by，more and more countries have realized that a ________ (sustain) development is vital for human beings．
1．____________ 代表(代替)某人 2．____________ 提到；查閱；涉及；指的是 3．____________ 導(dǎo)致；結(jié)果是 4．____________ 執(zhí)行；實(shí)施 5．____________ 許多；很多 6．____________ 實(shí)際上；在實(shí)施中 7．____________ 促成；造成(某事發(fā)生)；捐贈(zèng) 1．I'm very glad to put on a performance here ____________ our school． 2．The enterprise's consultant found that she was unfit to ____________ her normal work． 3．I have learned that the exhibition consists of ____________ masterpieces painted by famous Chinese artists． 4．The effective measures ____________ the development of local economy． 5．The old tax regulations will remain ____________ until next June．
由新知聯(lián)想已知
1．ecology n．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué) [聯(lián)想]　biology n．生物學(xué) ecosystem n．生態(tài)系統(tǒng) psychology n．心理學(xué) technology n．技術(shù)學(xué) 2．trend n．趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)向 [聯(lián)想]　tendency n．傾向；趨勢(shì) 3．carbon n．碳 [聯(lián)想]　carbon dioxide二氧化碳 oxygen n．氧氣 methane n．甲烷；沼氣 hydrogen n．氫氣 4．a(chǎn)nnual adj．每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鑒 [聯(lián)想]　monthly adj．每月的 n．月刊 yearly adj．每年的，年度的 n．年鑒 daily adj．日常的；每日的 n．日?qǐng)?bào) 5．garbage n．垃圾；廢物 [聯(lián)想]　waste n．垃圾 rubbish n．垃圾；廢棄物 litter n．廢棄物，垃圾 trash n．廢物；垃圾
第一篇課文(Reading and Thinking)
①melt vi．& vt．(使)融化；熔化；軟化
②dramatic adj．戲劇的；急劇的
③starve vi．& vt．(使)挨餓；餓死
④seal n．海豹
⑤have an impact on對(duì)于……有影響
⑥ecology n．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)
⑦mention vt．提到；談到；提及；論及；說(shuō)起
⑧refer to提到；查閱；涉及；指的是
⑨release vt．& n．排放；釋放；發(fā)布
release sth．into sth．把某物排放到某物中
⑩carbon n．碳
carbon dioxide二氧化碳
habitable adj．適合居住的
sustain vt．維持；遭受；承受住
sustainable adj．可持續(xù)的；合理利用的
fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行
fossil fuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)
be trapped in陷入困境……；被困于……
comprehensive adj．全部的；所有的；詳盡的
take appropriate actions采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)
trend n．趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)向
frequently adv．頻繁地；經(jīng)常
broadcast vt．& vi．(broadcast，
broadcast)播送；廣播；傳播n．廣播節(jié)目；電視節(jié)目
result in導(dǎo)致；結(jié)果是
policy n．政策；方針；原則
make policies制定政策、方針
individual n．個(gè)人；個(gè)體
restrict vt．限制；限定；束縛
seize vt．抓住；奪取；控制
issue n．問(wèn)題
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION
We have known about climate change for decades．There is little doubt that[1] Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting① ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic② change in the global climate．
[1]There is little doubt that．．．意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。
In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard．According to the scientists who found its dead body[2]，all that remained of the polar bear[3] was “skin and bones”．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved③ and died．Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change[4] meant the bear could not hunt seals④ as before[5]，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food．This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on⑤ Earth's ecology⑥．
[2]“who found its dead body”為who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the scientists。
[3]“that remained of the polar bear”為that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞all。
[4]“that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change”為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞claimed的賓語(yǔ)。
[5]“the bear could not hunt seals as before”是省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞meant的賓語(yǔ)。
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention⑦ a key climate process called the“greenhouse effect”[6]，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect[7]．The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to⑧ the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation[8]．The heat is released⑨ back into space at longer wave lengths．Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon⑩ dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable ．Without this process，Earth could not sustain life．However，the“man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels ，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly．
[6]“called the‘greenhouse effect’”為過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞process。
[7]“which has two common meanings．．．greenhouse effect”是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the “greenhouse effect”。
[8]“that heat from the sun．．．short-wave radiation”是that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，作名詞the fact的同位語(yǔ)。
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide[9]，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives[10]．Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions ，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay．In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses．
[9]“that the rise in temperature．．．natural disasters worldwide”是that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，作名詞evidence的同位語(yǔ)。
[10]not only．．．but also．．．連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate．This requires the attention of people all over the world．Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions．We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint ” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts[11], because this is the most serious issue [12] affecting all of us[13]on this planet．So what will you do to help
[11]“It is our responsibility to seize．．．impacts”中it作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式“to seize every opportunity．．．”為真正的主語(yǔ)。
[12]because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
[13]“affecting all of us”是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。
氣候變化需要全世界的關(guān)注
我們幾十年前就知道氣候變化了。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正在變得越來(lái)越暖和(見圖表)。海洋和大氣的變暖以及冰川的融化和海平面的上升為全球氣候的急劇變化提供了證據(jù)。
2013年，挪威斯瓦爾巴群島上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只北極熊的尸體，這張照片讓很多人感到震驚。根據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)北極熊尸體的科學(xué)家的說(shuō)法，這只北極熊只剩下了“皮包骨”。一位研究北極熊多年的專家說(shuō)，從它尸體的姿態(tài)看，這只熊似乎是餓死了。專家稱，由于氣候變化造成的海冰水位較低，這意味著這只熊無(wú)法像以前那樣捕獵海豹，所以為了找到食物它不得不長(zhǎng)途跋涉。這一令人震驚的案例表明，氣溫升高對(duì)地球生態(tài)產(chǎn)生了怎樣的影響。
那么是什么導(dǎo)致了全球平均表面溫度的上升呢？氣候科學(xué)家經(jīng)常提到一個(gè)被稱為“溫室效應(yīng)”的關(guān)鍵氣候過(guò)程，它有兩個(gè)共同的含義：“自然”溫室效應(yīng)和“人為”溫室效應(yīng)。自然溫室效應(yīng)指的是來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的熱量進(jìn)入大氣層，并以短波輻射的形式使地球表面溫度升高。熱量以更長(zhǎng)的波長(zhǎng)釋放回太空。大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，會(huì)捕獲一些熱量，使地球氣候保持溫暖并適宜居住。沒有這個(gè)過(guò)程，地球就無(wú)法維持生命。然而，“人為”的溫室效應(yīng)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。當(dāng)人們通過(guò)燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生大量額外的溫室氣體時(shí)，更多的熱能被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度迅速上升。
有充分和全面的證據(jù)表明，氣溫上升已導(dǎo)致世界范圍內(nèi)極端天氣和自然災(zāi)害的增加，這不僅造成嚴(yán)重的破壞，而且還造成人員傷亡。氣候科學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，如果我們不采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)，這種變暖的趨勢(shì)可能會(huì)繼續(xù)下去，并將付出更高的代價(jià)。事實(shí)上，新聞報(bào)道經(jīng)常報(bào)道造成死亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的極端暴雨和熱浪。
持續(xù)的溫室氣體排放將導(dǎo)致全球氣候進(jìn)一步變暖和長(zhǎng)期的變化。這需要全世界人民的關(guān)注。各國(guó)政府需要考慮制定政策并采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)和措施來(lái)減少溫室氣體排放。作為個(gè)人，我們也可以通過(guò)限制生活方式產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳量來(lái)減少我們的“碳足跡”。我們有責(zé)任抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)教育每個(gè)人，使他們了解全球變暖及其原因和影響，因?yàn)檫@是影響我們地球上所有人的最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。那么你會(huì)怎么做呢？
Period 1
速記·重點(diǎn)詞匯——牢記詞形和詞義
1．ecology　2．release　3．趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)向
4．broadcast　5．seize　6．reform　7．submit
8．sensitive　9．dozen　10．campaign　11．policy　12．對(duì)……處以罰款
運(yùn)用·語(yǔ)境填空——測(cè)試一下基本功
1．be released　2．was fined　3．is broadcasting　4．policies　5．reformed　6．submitted
7．campaigns　8．dozens
速記·派生詞匯——牢記詞形和詞義
1．starvation；starving　2．sustainable；
sustainability　3．frequently；frequency
4．restriction；restricted　5．harmonious
6．restoration　7．conservation；conservative
8．inspection；inspector　9．toleration；tolerant；tolerance
運(yùn)用·語(yǔ)境填空——測(cè)試一下基本功
1．frequently　2．starvation　3．inspection
4．tolerance　5．conservation　6．harmonious
7．restricted　8．sustainable
速記·重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)——記牢搭配和意義
1．on behalf of　2．refer to　3．result in　4．carry out　5．dozens of　6．in effect　7．contribute to
運(yùn)用·語(yǔ)境填空——測(cè)試一下基本功
1．on behalf of　2．carry out　3．dozens of
4．contribute to　5．in effect
1 / 9(共33張PPT)
Period 1　
UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION主題語(yǔ)境
人與自然——自然環(huán)境保護(hù)
1．_______ n．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)
2．_______ vt．& n．排放；釋放；發(fā)布
3．trend n．_________________
4．_________ vt．& vi．播送；廣播；傳播 n．廣播節(jié)目；電視節(jié)目
5．_____ vt．抓住；奪取；控制
課時(shí)練案 單元詞匯表(Words and Expressions)
ecology
release
趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)向
broadcast
seize
6．______ vi．& vt．改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；變革；改良
7．______ vt．& vi．提交；呈遞；屈服
8．_________ adj．敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的
9．______ n．(一)打；十二個(gè)
10．_________ n．運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役 vi．& vt．參加運(yùn)動(dòng)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng)
11．______ n．政策；方針；原則
12．fine vt．_______________
reform
submit
sensitive
dozen
campaign
policy
對(duì)……處以罰款
1．Having fully recovered from its injury，now the bird can _________
(release) into the wild．
2．She __________(fine) $ 300 and banned from driving for one month．
3．Our school ______________ (broadcast) an inspiring story to enhance our spirits now．
4．Because of these ________ (policy) of reform and opening up，China has taken on a new look over the past decades．
be released
was fined
is broadcasting
policies
5．When he came to power，he had dozens of rules __________ (reform)．
6．My father was ill，so I _________(submit) the claim on behalf of him．
7．He said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking _________ (campaign)．
8．He said there were ______ (dozen) of economic plans in the works．
reformed
submitted
campaigns
dozens
1．starve vi．& vt．(使)挨餓；餓死→__________ n．饑餓；挨餓；餓死→________ adj．挨餓的
2．sustain vt．維持；遭受；承受住→___________ adj．可持續(xù)的；合理利用的→______________ n．持續(xù)性；可維持性
3．frequent adj．頻繁的；經(jīng)常發(fā)生的→__________ adv．頻繁地；經(jīng)常→_________ n．頻率；頻繁
4．restrict vt．限制；限定；束縛→___________ n．限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束→__________ adj．受限制的；有限的
starvation
starving
sustainable
sustainability
frequently
frequency
restriction
restricted
5．harmony n．協(xié)調(diào)；和睦；融洽→__________ adj．和諧的
6．restore vt．恢復(fù)；使復(fù)原；修復(fù)→___________ n．恢復(fù)
7．conserve vt．保護(hù)；保存→____________ n．(對(duì)環(huán)境、文物等) 保護(hù)；保持→____________ adj．保守的；守舊的
8．inspect vt．檢查；查看；視察→__________ n．檢查；查看；視察→_________ n．檢查員；巡視員
9．tolerate vt．忍受；包容；容許→__________ n．寬容；忍受→________ adj．寬容的；容忍的→_________ n．容忍；忍受；寬容
harmonious
restoration
conservation
conservative
inspection
inspector
toleration
tolerant
tolerance
1．He devoted himself to the research and __________ (frequent) went to the library to look up related information in his spare time．
2．They were threatened with __________ (starve) when flood drowned their village．
3．Make sure all the elevators undergo an annual safety __________
(inspect)．
4．Understanding，love and _________ (tolerate) are the first three essentials that come to an authentic friendship．
frequently
starvation
inspection
tolerance
5．This is the first time we have seen how energy is involved in the ____________(conserve) process．
6．Their __________ (harmony) relationship resulted in part from their similar goals．
7．The representatives of the conference think that the number of students in each class should be __________ (restrict) to 30．
8．With time going by，more and more countries have realized that a ___________ (sustain) development is vital for human beings．
conservation
harmonious
restricted
sustainable
1．___________ 代表(代替)某人
2．_______ 提到；查閱；涉及；指的是
3．________ 導(dǎo)致；結(jié)果是
4．_________ 執(zhí)行；實(shí)施
5．_________ 許多；很多
6．________ 實(shí)際上；在實(shí)施中
7．____________ 促成；造成(某事發(fā)生)；捐贈(zèng)
on behalf of
refer to
result in
carry out
dozens of
in effect
contribute to
1．I'm very glad to put on a performance here ______________ our school．
2．The enterprise's consultant found that she was unfit to __________ her normal work．
3．I have learned that the exhibition consists of __________ masterpieces painted by famous Chinese artists．
4．The effective measures ______________ the development of local economy．
5．The old tax regulations will remain __________ until next June．
on behalf of
carry out
dozens of
contribute to
in effect
1．ecology n．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)
[聯(lián)想]　biology n．生物學(xué)
ecosystem n．生態(tài)系統(tǒng)
psychology n．心理學(xué)
technology n．技術(shù)學(xué)
2．trend n．趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)向
[聯(lián)想]　tendency n．傾向；趨勢(shì)
詞匯聯(lián)想 由新知聯(lián)想已知
3．carbon n．碳
[聯(lián)想]　carbon dioxide二氧化碳
oxygen n．氧氣
methane n．甲烷；沼氣
hydrogen n．氫氣
4．a(chǎn)nnual adj．每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鑒
[聯(lián)想]　monthly adj．每月的 n．月刊
yearly adj．每年的，年度的 n．年鑒
daily adj．日常的；每日的 n．日?qǐng)?bào)
5．garbage n．垃圾；廢物
[聯(lián)想]　waste n．垃圾
rubbish n．垃圾；廢棄物
litter n．廢棄物，垃圾
trash n．廢物；垃圾
①melt vi．& vt．(使)融化；熔化；軟化
②dramatic adj．戲劇的；急劇的
③starve vi．& vt．(使)挨餓；餓死
④seal n．海豹
⑤have an impact on 對(duì)于……有影響
課下預(yù)習(xí) 第一篇課文(Reading and Thinking)
⑥ecology n．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)
⑦mention vt．提到；談到；提及；論及；說(shuō)起
⑧refer to 提到；查閱；涉及；指的是
⑨release vt．& n．排放；釋放；發(fā)布
release sth．into sth．把某物排放到某物中
⑩carbon n．碳
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
habitable adj．適合居住的
sustain vt．維持；遭受；承受住
sustainable adj．可持續(xù)的；合理利用的
fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行
fossil fuel 化石燃料(如煤或石油)
be trapped in 陷入困境……；被困于……
comprehensive adj．全部的；所有的；詳盡的
take appropriate actions 采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)
trend n．趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)向
frequently adv．頻繁地；經(jīng)常
broadcast vt．& vi．(broadcast，broadcast)播送；廣播；傳播n．廣播節(jié)目；電視節(jié)目
result in 導(dǎo)致；結(jié)果是
policy n．政策；方針；原則
make policies 制定政策、方針
individual n．個(gè)人；個(gè)體
restrict vt．限制；限定；束縛
seize vt．抓住；奪取；控制
issue n．問(wèn)題
CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD'S ATTENTION
We have known about climate change for decades．There is little doubt that[1] Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph)．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting① ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic② change in the global climate．
[1]There is little doubt that...意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”，that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。
In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard．According to the scientists who found its dead body[2]，all that remained of the polar bear[3] was “skin and bones”．An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear appeared to have starved③ and died．Experts
claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change[4] meant the bear could not hunt seals④ as before[5]，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food．This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on⑤ Earth's ecology⑥．
[2]“who found its dead body”為who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the scientists。
[3]“that remained of the polar bear”為that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞all。
[4]“that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change”為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞claimed的賓語(yǔ)。
[5]“the bear could not hunt seals as before”是省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞meant的賓語(yǔ)。
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention⑦ a key climate process called the“greenhouse effect”[6]，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man-made” greenhouse effect[7]．The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to⑧ the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation[8]．The heat is released⑨ back into space at longer wave lengths．Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon⑩ dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earth's climate
warm and habitable ．Without this process，Earth could not sustain life．However，the“man-made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels ，more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly．
[6]“called the‘greenhouse effect’”為過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞process。
[7]“which has two common meanings...greenhouse effect”是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the “greenhouse effect”。
[8]“that heat from the sun...short-wave radiation”是that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，作名詞the fact的同位語(yǔ)。
There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide[9]，not only causing serious damage，but also costing human lives[10]．Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions ，this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay．In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses．
[9]“that the rise in temperature...natural disasters worldwide”是that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，作名詞evidence的同位語(yǔ)。
[10]not only...but also...連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)詞-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。
Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate．This requires the attention of people all over the world．Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions．We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint ” by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts[11], because this is the most serious issue [12] affecting all of us[13]on this planet．So what will you do to help
[11]“It is our responsibility to seize...impacts”中it作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式“to seize every opportunity...”為真正的主語(yǔ)。
[12]because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
[13]“affecting all of us”是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。
氣候變化需要全世界的關(guān)注
我們了解氣候變化已有數(shù)十年了。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正在變得越來(lái)越暖和(見圖表)。海洋、大氣的變暖以及冰川的融化、海平面的上升為全球氣候的急劇變化提供了證據(jù)。
2013年，在挪威斯瓦爾巴群島上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一具北極熊的尸體的新聞?wù)掌尯芏嗳烁械秸痼@。根據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)北極熊尸體的科學(xué)家的說(shuō)法，這只北極熊只剩下了“皮包骨”。一位研究北極熊多年的專家說(shuō)，從它尸體的姿態(tài)看，這只熊似乎是餓死的。專家稱，由于氣候變化造成的海冰水位較低，這意味著這只熊無(wú)法像以前那樣捕獵海豹，所以為了找到食物它不得不長(zhǎng)途跋涉。這一令人震驚的案例表明，氣溫升高對(duì)地球生態(tài)產(chǎn)生了影響。
那么是什么導(dǎo)致了全球平均表面溫度的上升呢？氣候科學(xué)家經(jīng)常提到一個(gè)被稱為“溫室效應(yīng)”的關(guān)鍵氣候過(guò)程，它有兩個(gè)共同的含義：“自然”溫室效應(yīng)和“人為”溫室效應(yīng)。自然溫室效應(yīng)指的是來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的熱量進(jìn)入大氣層，并以短波輻射的形式使地球表面溫度升高。熱量以更長(zhǎng)的波長(zhǎng)釋放回太空。大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，會(huì)捕獲一些熱量，使地球氣候保持溫暖并適宜居住。沒有這個(gè)過(guò)程，地球就無(wú)法維持生命。然而，“人為”的溫室效應(yīng)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。當(dāng)人們通過(guò)燃燒化石燃料產(chǎn)生大量額外的溫室氣體時(shí)，更多的熱能被困在大氣中，導(dǎo)致地球表面溫度迅速上升。
有充分和全面的證據(jù)表明，氣溫上升已導(dǎo)致世界范圍內(nèi)極端天氣和自然災(zāi)害的增加，這不僅造成嚴(yán)重的破壞，而且還造成人員傷亡。氣候科學(xué)家警告說(shuō)，如果我們不采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)，這種變暖的趨勢(shì)可能會(huì)繼續(xù)下去，我們將付出更高的代價(jià)。事實(shí)上，新聞報(bào)道經(jīng)常報(bào)道造成死亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的極端暴雨和熱浪。
持續(xù)的溫室氣體排放將導(dǎo)致全球氣候進(jìn)一步變暖和長(zhǎng)期的變化。這需要全世界人民的關(guān)注。各國(guó)政府需要考慮制定政策并采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)和措施來(lái)減少溫室氣體排放。作為個(gè)人，我們也可以通過(guò)限制生活方式產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳量來(lái)減少我們的“碳足跡”。我們有責(zé)任抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)教育每個(gè)人，使他們了解全球變暖及其原因和影響，因?yàn)檫@是影響我們地球上所有人的最嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。那么你會(huì)怎么做呢？
THANKS

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