資源簡介 (共60張PPT)1. 語法填空有___個空,一般________個給詞,_________個不給詞(即純空格)。2.給詞空主要考查的是_____、______、_______、______、還有少量___________和____________。3.純空格上主要考查的是_____、______、_______、______、還有少量___________和____________。語法填空解題技巧速查表一了解語法填空106-73-4動詞名詞形容詞副詞人稱代詞數(shù)詞介詞冠詞連詞代詞副詞助動詞1.主要分析三個方面:詞性(加詞綴)、詞形(變形)、邏輯(反義詞綴)給詞空的分析思路2.動詞的基本分析思路動詞填動詞不填動詞謂語動詞(動詞作謂語)非謂語動詞(動詞不作謂語)時態(tài) :看時間狀語;別的動詞;語境語義語態(tài) :看動詞與主語之間的主被動關(guān)系主謂一致:看主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)to dodonedoing變名詞變形容詞+ed, ing,ive,able等+tion, ment, ing, ance,er等動詞的基本分析思路動詞填動詞不填動詞謂語動詞(動詞作謂語)非謂語動詞(動詞不作謂語)時態(tài) :看時間狀語;別的動詞;語境語義語態(tài) :看動詞與主語之間的主被動關(guān)系主謂一致:看主語是單數(shù)還是復數(shù)to dodonedoing變名詞變形容詞+ed, ing,ive,able等+tion, ment, ing, ance,er等3.名詞的基本分析思路名詞填名詞不填名詞復數(shù)+s/es名詞所有格+’s變形容詞+ful, al, ous,y等4.形容詞的基本分析思路形容詞填形容詞不填形容詞比較級+er反義詞:un-,im-, in-, dis-等最高級+est變副詞+ly變名詞+ness,ity, y, th等變動詞+en等5.副詞的基本分析思路:變比較級或最高級6.代詞的基本分析思路人稱代詞表示“某人的”表示“某人”空格后有名詞空格后無名詞填形容詞性的物主代詞:my,our,your,his, her, its, their填名詞性的物主代詞:mine,ours,yours, his, hers, its, theirs動詞前后人稱一樣,用反身代詞: myself, ourselves,yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves動詞前后人稱不一樣,用賓格:me,us,you, him, her, it, them7.數(shù)詞的基本分析思路:變復數(shù)或序數(shù)詞。1.(1)句子+介詞+名詞/動名詞/代詞:不及物動詞+介詞的固定搭配;be+adj+介詞的固定搭配;(2)with+n.+doing,句子2.(1)表示“一個”用a+以輔音音素開頭的單詞,an+以元音音素開頭的單詞;(2)表示特指、形容詞的最高級前、序數(shù)詞前用the3.兩個句子,填連詞。4.連、介、冠、代中能夠作主語或者賓語的是連詞和代詞;兩個句子填連詞,一個句子或者兩個句子不缺連詞填代詞。5.However/Besides,句子純空格的分析思路謂語動詞動作(動詞)1. 可以獨立完成的動作Michael sleeps.主語+不及物動詞2. 有1個動作的承受者Michael likes you.主語+ 及物動詞+賓語3. 有2個動作的承受者I teach you English.主語+雙及物動詞+間賓+直賓4. 有1個動作的承受者(但需補充)單I consider you smart.主語+復雜及物動詞+賓語+賓補5. 非“動作”Michael is in the room.連系動詞Michael is tall.主語+系動詞+表語SVSVOSVOOSVOCSVPMichael looks tall.實義動詞動詞的分類助動詞情態(tài)動詞系動詞非實義動詞及物 vt.不及物 vi.1. 實義動詞:① 及物動詞 vt.及物動詞后面必須跟賓語,句子才能夠完整e.g. I have a book.I buy a dictionary.②不及物動詞 vi.不及物動詞本身意義完整,后面無須跟著賓語的實義動詞。e.g. My watch stopped.I run.如果不及物動詞后面要加賓語,必須要加介詞e.g. Yes, I agree.Yes, I agree with you.動賓和介賓的來源!!1、五感:指的是五個表示五官感官動詞,look看、sound聽、 smell聞、taste嘗、feel感覺,摸起來。2、四變:四個表示變化的動詞,become變成、turn變得、get變得、grow變得。3、三保持:三個表示保持的動詞,keep保持、stay 保持remain 仍然是。4、二特殊:兩個特殊動詞,be是、seem似乎。2.1系動詞的功能主要是把表語和它的主語聯(lián)系在一起2. 非實義動詞2.2 助動詞(be, have, do, will ):無詞義,幫助動詞構(gòu)成構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、否定和疑問等。2.非實義動詞助動詞 變化形式 例句 功能be am,is,are,was,were等 I am studying grammar. They were watching TV at that time. 幫助構(gòu)成進行時態(tài)He is hired by the company. 幫助構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)do does,did He doesn't know her at all. 幫助實義動詞構(gòu)成否定Do you like English 幫助實義動詞構(gòu)成疑問have have, has, had I have studied English for 3 years. 幫助構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)will will,would I will go to the Beijing. 幫助構(gòu)成將來時態(tài)注意:三個助動詞be, do和have,同時也可以用作實義動詞。而作為助動詞或?qū)嵙x動詞,它們在詞義和謂語中的作用這兩方面是完全不同的。例句 特征 詞性及作用be I am a student. be 單獨使用,后面沒有動詞的其他形式 系動詞;用作謂語I am studying grammar. be doing(后面有動詞的其他形式) 助動詞;幫助動詞構(gòu)成時態(tài)Many trees are planted by Xiaoming. be done(后面有動詞的其他形式) 助動詞;幫助動詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)注意:三個助動詞be, do和have,同時也可以用作實義動詞。而作為助動詞或?qū)嵙x動詞,它們在詞義和謂語中的作用這兩方面是完全不同的。例句 特征 詞性及作用have I have an apple. have 單獨使用,后面沒有動詞的其他形式 實義動詞;用作謂語I have learned English for 10 years. have done (后面有動詞的其他形式) 助動詞;幫助動詞構(gòu)成完成時態(tài)do I often do my homework at home. do 單獨使用,后面沒有動詞的其他形式 實義動詞;用作謂語I don’t like swimming. 后面有動詞的其他形式 助動詞;幫助動詞構(gòu)成否定3. 情態(tài)動詞——照妖鏡從詞義的角度來看,情態(tài)動詞有別于助動詞。情態(tài)動詞有其自身的詞匯意義,如用來表示可能、建議、愿望、必要、允許、能力、懷疑等等,以表示說話者對某種行為或狀態(tài)的看法或態(tài)度。從在謂語中的作用這一角度來看,與助動詞一樣,情態(tài)動詞在句中不能單獨作句子的謂語,而必須和實義動詞一起構(gòu)成復合謂語。英文中的情態(tài)動詞主要有下列10個:can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would, must和had better① You can come to my birthday party.② Tom can finish the work by himself.近三年全國高考真題語法填空動詞題統(tǒng)計動詞題數(shù) 謂語 Predicate 非謂語 Non-predicate 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換conversion of word classes2024新高考I 2 1 1 02024新高考II 5 2 3 02023新高考I 5 1 3 12023新高考II 3 1 1 12022新高考卷I 4 2 2 02022新高考卷II 5 2 2 1幾乎占了語法填空的半壁江山:5分!動詞是歷年高考的必考點,對動詞有關(guān)知識的掌握是考生在語法填空中得高分的關(guān)鍵。動詞的變化形式比較多,有謂語形式的變化(如時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致)、非謂語形式的變化(如不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)和詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。考綱解讀02010304識別謂語的形態(tài)謂語的解題方法判斷設(shè)空是謂語或非謂語鞏固練習CONTENTS目錄01識別謂語的形態(tài)1. operating 2. to achieve 3.obtains 4.given 5.will be punished 6. was inspired 7. have elected 8.choose 9. chose 10 chosen 11. are considering 12. can get 13. was thinking非謂語動詞 Non-predicate Verbs:1. operating2. to achieve4. given10. chosen1.1 識別謂語動詞。Identify the forms of predicate verbs.謂語動詞 Predicate Verbs:3.obtains 5.will be punished6. was inspired 7. have elected8.choose 9. chose11. are considering 12. can get13. was thinking總結(jié):謂語可以是單個動詞,也可以在前面加助動詞、情態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成復合謂語。謂語動詞的形式含有:時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致非謂語動詞的形式為:doing,to do,done1.2 匹配句子及其句子類型結(jié)論:1.簡單句只含有____個“主語+謂語”。2.并列句有___________“主語+謂語”,用并列連詞(and, but, or,so, while等)或分號(;)把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起構(gòu)成。3.復合句有___________“主語+謂語”,用從屬連詞(which,that,what,who...)把一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成。He even told us a funny story, and everyone laughed so much! 簡單句 He often reads English in the morning. 并列句I know the girl who is standing on the stage. 復合句12個或以上2個或以上02判斷設(shè)空是謂語或非謂語介連連2.1 先分辨出句子的類型,再確認以下句子的設(shè)空處是謂語還是非謂語。① I just_______(have)my first maths class at senior high school.② He stood there and_______(wait)for his mother.③ He stood there,_______(wait)for his mother.④ If you_______(turn)to the left,you'll find the post office.⑤ He told that he_____(come) from Shanghai.⑥ With time_______(go)by,he came to understand what his teacher had told him.連謂語謂語非謂語非謂語謂語謂語簡單句并列句復合句簡單句復合句①分辨句子類 型并列句復合句②尋找設(shè)空所在________簡單句簡單句有謂語無謂語有謂語無謂語【2022·全國卷I】______ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.非謂語謂語設(shè)空為________設(shè)空為______非謂語謂語設(shè)空為________設(shè)空為______非謂語謂語Conclusion簡單句連【2022·全國甲卷】Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro...謂語①分辨句子類 型并列句復合句②尋找設(shè)空所在________簡單句簡單句有謂語無謂語有謂語無謂語設(shè)空為________設(shè)空為______非謂語謂語設(shè)空為________設(shè)空為______非謂語謂語Conclusion并列句連【2020·全國卷I】"This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, "because it 67.________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68._____________ (construct)."連謂語謂語①分辨句子類 型并列句復合句②尋找設(shè)空所在________簡單句簡單句有謂語無謂語有謂語無謂語設(shè)空為________設(shè)空為______非謂語謂語設(shè)空為________設(shè)空為______非謂語謂語Conclusion復合句03謂語的解題方法謂語動詞三步解題法:定時態(tài),語態(tài)和主謂一致①動詞時態(tài)①(2024年新高考IⅠ卷·58) Some of the things that Tang was writing_____________(be)about Shakespeare’s concerns.①(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·58)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ____________(be)previously unprotected...②(2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·61)You can't help wondering how hard it ___________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.③(2019年全國Ⅰ卷·65) In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements.一般過去時一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時技巧1:慧眼識別時間標志詞: 認清常考時態(tài)的標志性時間狀語一般過去時3.2 判斷謂語動詞的時態(tài)1.看到always, often, seldom, sometimes, usually,every day, once a week 等要用_______________.2. 看到y(tǒng)esterday, last night , the other day,years ago,just now,in+過去年份/年代/朝代,時間段+ago等要用_______________.3. 看到since+時間點, so far, up to now ,in/over/during the past/last few years, in recent years,recently, ever since等要用_______________.一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在完成時總結(jié)1:常考時態(tài)及其標志性時間狀語:3.2 判斷謂語動詞的時態(tài)① (2020年全國Ⅲ卷·66) When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and _________ (point) down the river.② (2020年江蘇卷改變) There, he not only did well as a student but also _________ (become) an accomplished public speaker.總結(jié)2:常用并列連詞速記and,but,or, neither...nor...,not only...but aslo...等,同一個主語的兩個或兩個以上的并列謂語動詞時態(tài)一般要保持一致。一般過去時一般過去時技巧2:瞻前顧后找并列3.2 判斷謂語動詞的時態(tài)技巧3:認真體會辯語境①(2021年全國甲卷)We ___________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.②(2020年全國I卷)"This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, "because it 67.________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68.________ (construct)"一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時總結(jié)3:如果分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有時間標志詞和其它提示詞時,可以看上下文謂語動詞的時態(tài),空格處的謂語動詞時態(tài)一般應(yīng)與上下文的時態(tài)一致。3.2 判斷謂語動詞的時態(tài)技巧4:常用句式記心間① (2022年新高考II卷)Henry ___________(fix) his car when he heard the screams.②(2017天津高考卷)I ____________ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.③It is the first time that I __________________ (experience) sandstorms and I don't ever want to be in one again.④(2021·梧州一模)I say to him with a cheerful smile,“Go to exercise and you_________ (feel) better.”⑤(2021·濟寧模考)Therefore, it is high time that we________________________(take) effective measures to improve the current situation.總結(jié)4:常用句式速記:1. sb was/were doing sth when sb did. . . 某人正在做某事這時突然...2. This/It/That is/was the first/second. . .time that sb have/had done. . . 某人第...次做某事3.祈使句+and/or+陳述句,陳述句用一般將來時4. It’s (high) time that...did/should do sth 是某人應(yīng)做某事的時候了 (虛擬語氣)一般將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去進行時過去進行時一般過去時/should+動詞原形3.2 判斷謂語動詞的時態(tài)②動詞語態(tài)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞+(by 動作的發(fā)出者)”構(gòu)成,be動詞有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。被動語態(tài)常見的時態(tài)變化(以動詞do為例)列表如下:狀態(tài) 時間 一般 進行 完成現(xiàn)在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/ have been done過去 was/ were done was/ were being done had been done將來 shall/will be done shall/will have been done被動語態(tài)的基本用法 不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者,或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。The fish are thrown into the basket.魚被扔進了籃子里。 為了強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者或事件本身。Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.要求參觀者不可觸摸展品。All the employees are encouraged to work online at home.所有的雇員都被鼓勵在家網(wǎng)上辦公。注意:不能用被動語態(tài)的特殊動詞①所有的不及物動詞(短語),如happen, disappear, fail, die, come true 等②表示歸屬類的動詞,如have, own, belong to 等③表示“希望、意圖”的動詞,如wish, want, hope, like, love 等1.(2022年新高考I卷)The GPNP ________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and ...2.(2022年全國甲卷)In the last five years. Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents...3.(2021.1浙江卷)and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ________ (consider) healthy.4.(2020年全國Ⅲ卷)The artist was sure he would _____________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.被動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)3.3 判斷謂語動詞的語態(tài)被動語態(tài)總結(jié):主語和謂語動詞是主動關(guān)系,用主動語態(tài);若是被動關(guān)系則用被動語態(tài)(結(jié)構(gòu):be done)被動語態(tài)③主謂一致1.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·58)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ______(be)previously unprotected...2.(2020年全國卷)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers________(carry) special significance. They represent the earth...3. (2019·天津卷)Amy, as well as her brothers , ______(give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week. 4.Not only the children but also their father______(move) deeply by the moving story at that time.復數(shù)單數(shù)單數(shù)意義一致原則:單數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞/to do 不定式/動名詞doing/不定代詞/主語從句作主語一般表單數(shù)概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù);定語從句從句謂語動詞要和先行詞保持一致就遠一致原則:主語后跟有with、together with、as well as、like、but、except、along with、rather than、including、in addition to 等時, 謂語動詞的數(shù)要與前面的主語保持一致就近一致原則:由or、either...or...、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等連接的并列主語, 謂語動詞的數(shù)常與最近的主語保持一致。單數(shù)3.4 主謂一致三原則1. Amy, as well as her brothers, ___________( give) a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.2. Not only the students but also their teacher ________ (be) moved deeply by the moving story.3.Even though there_______ (be) more opportunities to go out and do fun things in the city, it may take focus away from your studies.4.(2020 新高考全國)Often, only a small part of a museum's collection_______(be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.鞏固練習was givenwasareis由分數(shù)、百分數(shù)或者some,the rest of, the majority of, a part of 等修飾時,要根據(jù)所修飾的名詞確定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。1.Tense2.Voice3.Agreement慧眼識別時間標志詞瞻前顧后找并列認真體會辯語境常用句式記心間判斷與主語之間關(guān)系(主/被動)1)意義一致原則2)就遠一致原則3)就近一致原則The predicate謂語動詞解題方法summary① (2023·全國乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _________ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.② (2022·全國乙卷)To celebrate the festival,a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society_________ (address) the opening ceremony.③(2023·全國甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still______________(employ) today to draw attention to important truths.鞏固練習means①分辨句子類型,尋找設(shè)空所在的簡單句,確定設(shè)空是否是謂語②是謂語的話,按照謂語動詞三步解題法:定時態(tài),語態(tài),主謂一致addressedbe employed④ (2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·58)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ______(be)previously unprotected...⑤ (2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·61)You can't help wondering how hard it ________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.⑥ (2020年全國Ⅰ卷·61)The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探測器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— ________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.⑦ (2019年全國Ⅱ卷·66) Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___________(make) over the years.鞏固練習werewastouchedhave made①分辨句子類型,尋找設(shè)空所在的簡單句,確定設(shè)空是否是謂語②是謂語的話,按照謂語動詞三步解題法:定時態(tài),語態(tài),主謂一致⑧(2020年全國Ⅲ卷·66) When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and _________ (point) down the river.⑨(18全國2)Since 2011, the country __________(grow) more corn than rice.⑩This was the first time that he ______________ (witness) such a frightening scene.pointedhas grownhad witnessed①分辨句子類型,尋找設(shè)空所在的簡單句,確定設(shè)空是否是謂語②是謂語的話,按照謂語動詞三步解題法:定時態(tài),語態(tài),主謂一致非謂語動詞非謂語的3種基本形式及其功能:1.to do表目的表將來,2.doing表進行表主動,3.done表被動表完成劃線部分是使用非謂語動詞的是(填序號)____________.1. Reading carefully,you’ll learn something new.2. Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.(5+3高考模擬)3.He saw the stone, saying to himself: “The night ………..”4.The workers want us to work together with them.5.Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.6.A good student not only performs well in study but also in other aspects.(100所名校)7.Tai chi is called "shadow boxing "in English.1,2,3,4,5首先找出句中所有的動詞:要想理解非謂語,首先得找準謂語。如果一個句子中只有一個動詞,這個動詞肯定作________。一個句子中有多個動詞,則看有無連詞(and, or, but…),如沒有,其中一個動詞作________,其他多為________。謂語謂語非謂語小結(jié):完成練習,觀察并總結(jié)1.He suddenly appeared in class one day,_______(wear) sun glasses.He walked in.... 句子的主語he和非謂語動詞是____(主動/被動)關(guān)系。2.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man ____ (sit) at the front.句中的賓語man與非謂語動詞sit之間是______(主動/被動)關(guān)系;該分詞所表示的動作是____(過去/正在)發(fā)生wearingsitting完成練習,觀察并總結(jié)3.________(see) from the top of the hill , our school is even more beautiful.句中的主語our school和非謂語動詞是_(主動/被動)關(guān)系。4.We visited a temple ________ (build)100 years ago.句中的賓語temple和非謂語動詞是_____(主動/被動)關(guān)系。5. I want ________ (buy) a new coat as a gift for my mother.句中非謂語動詞表示的是 (過去/將要)的動作。Seenbuiltto buy“非謂語”秒殺技肥判斷考點為非謂語動詞找到邏輯主語判斷主被動判斷為了,目的豬被喂________(stand) there quietly, he didn’t say any word.動詞say有主語形式完整stand謂語?非謂語?謂語非謂語例被:判斷主被動________(stand) there quietly, he didn’t say any word.例被他站?他被站?Standing豬主:找到邏輯主語heEric came back, ________(follow) by Helen動詞came有主語形式完整follow謂語?非謂語?謂語非謂語例被:判斷主被動Eric came back, ________(follow) by Helen.例被Eric跟?Eric被跟?followed豬主:找到邏輯主語Eric_________ (succeed) , one must first of all believe in himself.例喂喂:為了,表目的To succeed即時訓練1. _______(see) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful city.2. The girl who________(dance) in the classroom now looks very confident.3. ___________(catch) the bus, she got up early.4. He ________ (grab) the girl, ____________ (disappear) into the woods yesterday.5. Although it is winter now, the tree in the school yard ____(look) beautiful.6. She got off the bus, ______(hold) her book.7. I saw four girls ____________(wear) different clothes.SeeingdancingTo catchgrabbeddisappearinglooksholdingwearing感謝您的觀看“THANK YOU” 展開更多...... 收起↑ 資源預覽 縮略圖、資源來源于二一教育資源庫