資源簡介

(共23張PPT)
Unit 1 Art
To know the usage of infinitive as predicative
1 Perhaps the best ______ to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
2 During the Middle Ages, the _________ of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
3 In this work, Monet's _____ was to convey the light and movement in the scene…
4 ________________________ was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art ”
way
purpose
aim
What they attempted to do
What do these sentences have in common
動詞不定式（to do) 在句子中作表語。
一、主語是以_______, ____ ,________ duty,suggestion,duty,hope,idea,intention,plan等為中心的名詞詞組時，或者以what引導的名詞性分句表示，一般用動詞不定式作表語說明主語的___ _。aim1. Perhapsthe best wayto understand Western artisto look atthedevelopment of Western painting over the centuries.2. During the Middle Ages,the purposeof Western artwastoteachpeople about Christianity.3. In this work,Monet's aimwasto conveythe light andmovement in the scene…Functions of infinitivewaypurpose內容注意：
不定式在作表語時，當前面的主語中有do的某種形式時，作表語的不定式可以省略to。
eg What you should do next is (to) help him with his English。
The only thing he can do now is (to) give up the plan.
動詞不定式(短語)作表語相當于名詞作表語。它和主語處在同等地位，所指的或是和主語一樣的東西,或是主語產生的結果。常常可以將主、表交換位置,句子的意義不變。
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity.
During the Middle Ages, to teach people about Christianity was the purpose of Western art.
1、動詞不定式作表語，表示主語的內容。
主語常常是表示意向、打算、計劃的詞，如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, dream,等。
一般來說，動詞不定式作表語往往表示具體的某個動作，多表示將來。
eg His task is to correct these papers.
（具體的將來的行為）
不定式作表語
動詞不定式(短語)作表語的用法
1.主語是以aim, suggestion, duty, hope, idea, intention, plan, purpose, the way to do sth.等為中心的名詞詞組時,或者以what引導的名詞性分句表示,一般用動詞不定式作表語說明主語的內容。
My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.我的想法是從北面爬這座山。
Our plan is to make better use of these materials.我們的計劃是更好地利用這些材料。
What I would suggest is to ask your father for his opinion.我的建議是征求你父親的意見。
The best way to encourage your kids to enjoy meals is to involve them in the planing and preparing.鼓勵孩子享受美食的最好方法是讓他們參與計劃和準備(美食)。
動詞-ing形式和不定式同樣都可以充當表語，兩者的區別在于不定式表達是具體或是將來發生的動作，而動詞-ing形式則表示抽象的一般行為。
e.g. His job is delivering the letters to their destinations.
My job is to look after the sister when Mom is cooking.
二、動詞不定式在表語中表示___。目的The next step isto make surethat you know exactly what is required.Functions of Infinitive1. I don’tknowwhat is to happento us if we go on like this 2.We believe man isto livea better life in the future.三、動詞不定式在表語中表示_ ____和_ __。將來預計=what will happen=will live四、用于被動語態，相當于should，ought to，具有情態意義
You have done so much. You are to be rewarded.
These books of great value are not to be sold.
五、表示“安排、責任義務、命令規定、勸告、禁止”等
As she is a middle school student, she is to be in class at 7 in the
morning.
I am to set out for China next week.
You are to do your homework before you watch TV.
You are to have a face-to-face talk with them.
Children are not to smoke.
（義務）
（安排）
(命令)
（勸告）
（禁止）
六、表示虛擬語氣
If it were to rain,we would have to cancel the match tomorrow.
七、主動形式表示被動意義
It is Mary who broke the glass and she is to blame.
= If it should rain, we would have to cancel the match tomorrow.
假如下雨,我們只好取消明天的比賽。
=she should be blamed
被動式
八、句子的主語是what引導主語從句時；當主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞all或形容詞最高級形式the least、the most時。
1. What I want is to take a holiday right away.
2. All we need is to live each day with hope.
3. The least I can expect is to have this day all to myself.
What I want to do is take a holiday right away.
All we need to do is live each day with hope.
In the evening the only thing he did was read the newspaper.
當what主句中含有實義動詞do的某種形式時；all等其后的定語從句中含有實義動詞do的某種形式時。動詞不定式作表語to的省略
1、all作主句主語，其后的定語從句中含有實義動詞do的某種形式時。例：All we need to doisliveeach day with hope.我們需要做的就是帶著希望過好每一天。step3、動詞不定式作表語to的省略2、what引導的從句作主語，從句中含有實義動詞do的某種形式時。例：What I want to doistakea holiday right away.我想馬上就去度假。
3.（主句）主語被only，first，one，least或形容詞最高級修飾，且其后作定語的從句或短語中含有實義動詞do的某種形式時。
例：In the evening the only thing he did was read the newspaper.
晚上他唯一做的就是看報紙。
后接不定式作表語的常見動詞
連系動詞： be seem appear remain get prove grow 等，用來表達將來的動作或者卓明主語的內容。
A use of the computer network is to send e-mails.
計算機網絡的一個用途是發送電子郵件。
Mary doesn’t seem to like the idea.
瑪麗似乎不喜歡這個主意。
Match the sentence halves and underline the key words of the subject in each sentence.
1. The young singer’s
intention of performing
the song was
2. The best way to do
business is
3. What the survivors
attempted to do was
A. to build trust between you and your client.
B to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.
C. to build a memorial to the heroes who saved their lives.
D. to share his love for rock music with his fans.
adj.永久的;長久的
adj.紀念的
n.紀念碑;紀念品
4 The main purpose of art education in schools is
5 The aim of the two leaders at the conference was
6 For a humble person, one of the hardest things might be
7 When you are faced with a serious decision, my suggestion is
8 The mother believes her duty is
9 All he wanted after a tiring day was
B to achieve permanent peace between their two countries.
E. to be left alone.
F. to criticize other people.
G. to inspire students to be creative.
H. to listen to your own inner voice.
I. to raise her son to become a man with a noble mind and a generous heart.
adj.謙遜的;虛心的
v.批評;評價
1. Her work is ______( look ) after the children.
2. My aim is ______( go ) to TsingHuaUniversity.
3. She seemed ______( think ) about the problem.
4. They appeared _______( agree ) with what we said.
to look
to go
to think
to agree
不定式作表語練習1：
5. Suppose you are 　　　　 　（be） a journalist for China Daily，do you know what kinds of jobs they have
6. You are 　　　 　 　（reward） if you have made a breakthrough.
7.Through my years of school life，I’ve learned that if we are______　　　 　（make） a difference in life，it’s of great importance that we should begin with small things.
8.The students trust her very much；as a result， her advice is 　　　 　 　_______________（influence） their decisions.
to be
to be rewarded
to make 　
to influence
1.別擔心,你需要做的就是好好睡一覺.
Don’t worry.What you need to do_ _ __ _ .
2.今年,他的計劃是要對教學方法進行一些變革.
This year,his plan _ _ __ _ .
3.我建議馬上開始工作.
What I suggest _ _at once.
4.她的愛好之一是集郵.
One of her hobbies _ _ __ _ .
5.我認為是你弟弟對這次事故負有責任.
I think it is your brother who _ _ __ _ .
Activity 1 語法突破
is (to) have a good sleep
is to make some changes in the teaching method.
is to start work
is collecting stamps
is to blame for the accident
不定式作表語練習3
運用不定式自由造句子。
1. My biggest ambition is _____________________________.
2. I think all I have to do is _________________.
3. My latest plan is to ____________________________.
4.I think one of my biggest challenge might be________________________________.
5. I guess the best way to learn English is ___________.
to be admitted into the Qinghua University.
to memorize all the new words in this unit.
finish my homework carefully.
(to) study harder.
to read more
Summary
一、動詞不定式（短語）作表語的用法
1.主語是以aim，suggestion，duty，hope，idea，intention，plan，purpose，the way to do sth等為中心的名詞詞組時，或者以what引導的名詞性分句表示，一般用動詞不定式作表語說明主語的內容。
2.表示目的。
3.表示事態發展的結果、預期的結果、不幸的命運或預言。
4.用于被動語態，相當于can/could，should，ought to，must，具有情態意義。
5.表示"同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、愿望、意愿、禁止"等。
6.動詞不定式（短語）作表語時，可用主動形式表示被動意義。
二、動詞不定式（短語）作表語省略to的情況
三、動詞不定式（短語）作表語和v-ing（短語）作表語的區別

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