資源簡介

(共38張PPT)
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!
九年級
人教版
全
語法講練及解析
（一）時態復習（Ⅰ）——現在進行時和現在完成時
一、現在進行時
We are studying in the classroom now. 現在我們正在教室里學習。（目前正在發生）
Are you preparing for the final exam these days 這段時間你在為期末考試做準備嗎？（現階段正在發生）
【拓展延伸】
（1）come、go、leave、start、arrive 等動詞可以用現在進行時表示將要發生的動作。
John is coming here next week and will stay here until May. 約翰下星期要來這里，將在此待到五月。
（2）現在進行時可表示反復發生的動作，常與 always、all the time 等連用，多伴有一定的感彩，如不滿、贊賞等。
Eg.He is always thinking of others. 他總是為別人著想。
（3）以下動詞通常不用于現在進行時：
①表示感覺或感情的動詞，如 smell、taste、seem、like、love、wish、hope 等；
②表示理解、記憶或決定等的動詞，如 remember、understand、believe、decide 等；
③表示所有或占有的動詞，如 have、belong、own 等。
【即學即用】
1.Look! The police _______ the food onto the bank of the river.
A.am carrying B. is carrying C. are carrying D. are carried
2.—Wow! Look out of the window! It______.
—Yes, what heavy snow! You know it______quite often here in winter.
A. is snowing; snows B. snows; is snowing
C. snows; snows D.is snowing; is snowing
3.Please don't make so much noise. The baby_______now.
A. Sleeps B. slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
B
A
D
二、現在完成時
I have already had supper. 我已經吃過晚飯了。（表示現在不餓了）
I have been in the army for 5 years. 我在部隊已經待 5 年了。
They have lived here since 20 years ago. 他們從 20 年前就住在這里了。
【拓展延伸】
在現在完成時的肯定句中，非延續性動詞（短語）（如 come、go、arrive、leave、join、become、die、buy等）不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。若與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，非延續性動詞（短語）要轉成相應的延續性動詞或短語。常見的有：
【即學即用】
1.He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he_____yet.
A. didn’t arrive B. doesn’t arrive C. isn’t arriving D. hasn’t arrived
2.—Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon. ____you______it
—Not yet. I'm doing it right now.
A. Do; finish B. Had; finished C. Will; finish D. Have; finished
3.My grandparents______in that city since 2008.
A. will live B. live C. have lived D. were living
D
D
C
4.—What do you usually do in your spare time
—I often go to our community library. It ____ for two years in order to encourage us to read more.
A.opens B.has opened C.has been opened D.has been open
D
（二）被動語態
一、語法概述
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。其基本結構是 。
二、被動語態的構成
【拓展延伸】含情態動詞的被動語態的結構是“情態動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞”。
Lights must be turned off when we leave the classroom. 我們離開教室的時候必須關燈。
三、主動語態和被動語態的轉換
將主動句變為被動句時，有如下步驟：
1.確定主動句的主語、謂語和賓語；
2.把主動句里的賓語變為被動句里的主語，若主動句里的賓語是人稱代詞，要將賓格變為主格；
3.把謂語變成被動結構“be+動詞的過去分詞”，但時態不改變;
4.把主動語態中的主語放在介詞by 后作賓語，若主語是人稱代詞，應把主格變為賓格。
【特別提醒】在含有使役動詞（如：make）或感官動詞（see、watch、notice、hear 等）的主動語態的句子中，這些詞后常跟省略 to 的動詞不定式，但是改為被動語態時則要把省去的 to 還原。
Eg.I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. → He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop.
我看到他穿過馬路進了商店。
四、適合用被動語態的情況
1.當動作的執行者不必或不易說出時，用被動語態。
Eg.The flowers are watered every morning. 這些花每天早上（被人）澆水。
2.需要突出或強調動作的承受者時，用被動語態。
動作的執行者由 by 引出且置于謂語動詞之后，也可省略“by+動作的執行者”。
Eg.The new teacher is liked by all the students. 這名新老師被所有學生喜愛。
3.表示“據說/據報道/人們相信等”，常用“It is+過去分詞（said/reported/believed 等）+that 從句”句型。
Eg.It is reported that a rainstorm is coming. 據報道，一場暴風雨就要來了。
五、不能用被動語態的情況
1.系動詞 get、turn、seem、look、sound 等后接形容詞作表語時，不能用被動語態。
2.There be 句型不使用被動語態。
3.主動句中賓語是反身代詞的沒有被動語態。
4.不及物動詞或詞組沒有被動結構，如 take place（發生）、happen（發生）、come about（發生）、break out
（爆發）、appear（出現）、disappear（消失）、last（持續）等。
5.write、wash、sell 和副詞 well、easily 等連用，且主語是物時，通常用主動形式表示被動含義。
Eg.This kind of bike sells well. 這種自行車賣得很好。
【即學即用】
1.—At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
—More chances to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering
2.—Your city looks beautiful!
—Yes.Lots of trees and grass last year.
A.are planted B.have planted C.were planting D.were planted
3.My mother told me that my homework must on time.
A.finish B. be finish C. be finished D. finished
B
D
C
（三）情態動詞
一、語法概述
情態動詞表示說話人對所述動作或狀態的態度或看法。情態動詞一般沒有人稱和數的變化，在句中不能單獨作謂語，必須和動詞原形連用。初中階段常用的情態動詞有 can/could、may/might、must/have to、 should/ought to、would、need 等。
（三）情態動詞
一、語法概述
情態動詞表示說話人對所述動作或狀態的態度或看法。情態動詞一般沒有人稱和數的變化，在句中不能單獨作謂語，必須和動詞原形連用。初中階段常用的情態動詞有 can/could、may/might、must/have to、 should/ought to、would、need 等。
二、情態動詞的基本用法
情態動詞 用法 例句
can/could 表示能力，意為＂能，會＂ I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英語讀這
句話。
表示許可時，意為＂可以，能夠＂， 相當于 may She said that I could use her computer. 她說我可以使
用她的電腦。
用于推測，表示可能性，意為＂可能＂，could 比 can 更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑問句 The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那個男人不可能是我們的老師，他去北京了。
There is someone outside — who can it be 有人在外
面，可能是誰呢？
【知識拓展】 can 的一般疑問句，肯定回答用 Yes, ...can；否定回答用 No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano 你會彈鋼琴嗎 —Yes, I can. 是的，我會。/No, I can’t 不，我不會。 2. can，could 和 be able to 的區別：can 只有現在式和過去式，而 be able to 可以用于各種 時態；can( could)表示能力時，可用 be able to 代替。 I can(am able to) afford the car. 我能買得起這輛小汽車。 She has been able to come to school. 她已經能去學校了 I could(=was able to) drive a car before I left school. 畢業前我就會開車。 may/might 表示允許或許可，意為＂可以＂ May I use your phone 我可以用用你的電話嗎？
表示征詢許可時，might 比 may 的語氣委婉 —Might I ask for a photograph of your little daughter 我能要一張你小女兒的照片嗎
—Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。
用于表推測時，是＂可能，或許＂之意，might 語氣更加不肯定，多用于 肯定句 He may be wrong, but I’m not sure. 也許他錯了，但我也不確定。
She might be very busy now. 她現在可能非常忙。
【知識拓展】 may 的一般疑問句，肯定回答用 Yes, ...may. /Yes, of course. /Yes, certainly.；否定回答用 No, ...can’t/mustn’t。 —Might/May I smoke in this room 我可以在這間屋子里抽煙嗎 —Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。/No, you can’t/mustn’t. 不，不可以。 用于表示推測時，may 和 might 一般不用于疑問句，而在疑問句中，常使用 can；在否定句中，may not/might not 意為＂可能不＂，而 can’t/couldn’t 意為＂不可能＂。 The young people might not like the idea. 年輕人可能不喜歡這個主意。 It can’t/couldn’t be our headmaster. He has gone to America. 那人不可能是我們校長。他已經去美國了。 must 表示必須，一定要，指說話人的主觀語氣 You must obey the school rules. 你必須遵守校
規。
mustn’t 表示禁止，意為＂千萬不要，禁止＂，是說話人強有力的勸告 You mustn’t play with the knife or you may hurt
yourself. 你禁止玩刀否則你可能會傷到自己。
表示推測時，用于肯定句，意為＂想必，一定＂，否定句中用 can’t/couldn’t 來代替 This must be your room. 這一定是你的房間。
He must be eighty now. 他現在想必有八十歲了。
【知識拓展】 must 的一般疑問句，肯定回答為 Yes, ...must.；否定回答為 No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now 我必須現在打掃教室嗎？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必須。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 2. must 和 have to 的區別： ①用 must 表示＂必須＂的意思時，通常著重于說話者的主觀看法，認為有必要去做某事；而 have to 著重于客觀需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。 We must study English hard. 我們必須努力學習英語。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看醫生。 ②用 must 表示＂必須＂，只有現在時態的形式，如果要表示過去時或將來時的＂必須＂，就要用 have to 的相應形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必須開車開快點來趕時間。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他們必須明天早晨起程。 would 作為 will 的過去式，可表示過去的意志、愿望或決心等，意為＂愿意＂ He promised he would never smoke again. 他承諾他再也不吸煙了。
表示過去反復發生的動作或某種傾向 Their English teacher would tell them stories in English after class. 他們的英語老師總是在課
后用英語給他們講故事。
用于第二人稱疑問句中，表示現在的請求、建議，比 will 的語氣委婉 Would you please pass the English-Chinese dictionary on to Mary 請把這本英漢詞典傳
給瑪麗好嗎
【知識拓展】 would like 意為＂愿意，想要＂； would like/love to do sth 意為＂愿意/想要做某事＂； would like sb to do sth 意為＂想要某人做某事＂。 Would you like a cup of tea 你想喝杯茶嗎？ Would you like to sing a song 你想唱首歌嗎？ I would like you to wake me up at 5:30 tomorrow morning. 我想讓你在明天早晨 5:30 叫 醒我。 should shall 的過去式，用于第一、三人稱，多用于間接引語中，以征求對方意見 I asked the manager if I should have a few days off. 我問經理我是否可以請幾天假。
表示義務，職責時，意為＂應當，應該＂，往往表示說話者的觀點
表示驚訝、遺憾等，意為＂竟然，居然＂
need 表示＂需要，必須＂，多用于疑問句和否定句 Need you go so soon 你需要這么早走嗎
You needn’t come so early. 你不必來這么早。
【知識拓展】 need 的一般疑問句，肯定回答為 Yes, ... must.；否定回答為 No, ... needn’t. —Need he finish the article next week 他需要下星期完成這篇文章嗎 —Yes, he must. 是的，他必須完成。/No , he needn’t. 不，他不需要。 have to 表示不得不，說明客觀條件只能如此；有時態形式的變化；否定式 don’t have to 意為＂不必＂(= needn’t) My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the midnight. 我弟弟病得厲害，我只得半夜里把醫生請來。
I haven’t got any money with me, so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend.
我身上沒帶錢，只好向朋友借點了。
語法小測
一、單項選擇
1.—Mary,where is Paul
—He ____a speech on Western art to the first-year students in the hall.
A.gives B.gave C.is giving D.has given
2.Paul is a foreign teacher in our school.So far, he____ for over four years.
A.was teaching B.has taught C.will teach D.taught
3.So far this year, the government_____ many new houses in Wenchuan.
A.build B.are built C.will build D.has built
C
B
D
4.—Can sixteen-year-olds drive their cars to school
—No.They shouldn’t_____ to drive because they are not serious enough.
A.allow B.allowed C.be allowed D.have allowed
5.My sister____ Qingdao two years ago, she for two years.
A. has left; has left B. left; has been away
C. left; has left D.has left; left
6.I_____ the History Museum twice. I've learned a lot there.
A. visit B. am visiting C. have visited D. will visit
C
B
C
7.—____ I return the book today, Mr. Lin
—No, you ___. You can keep it for two days.
A. May; mustn’t B. Must; mustn’t C. Must; needn’t D. Can; shouldn’t
8.The dictionary at the Lost and Found office ___be Tim’s, because his name is on its corner.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
9.This kind of pen ___and is also very cheap. I think you can buy some.
A.writes well B.writes good C.is written well D.is written good
C
C
A
10.—Do you know the famous artist in red
—Sure. He____ to the art festival in our city every year.
A.invites B.invited C.is invited D.was invited
11.—Look! The man at the gate___be our headmaster. He is always standing there every morning.
—No, it____be him. He is holding a meeting in the office now.
A. must; can’t B. must; mustn’t C. can’t; can’t D. can’t; mustn’t
12.Paper____ first____about 2000 years ago in China.
A. is; creating B. is; created C. has; created D. was; created
C
A
D
13.There's only one day to go. You ___finish your schoolwork by tomorrow.
A. can B. may C. will D. must
14.I won’t go to her party unless my best friend Jack_____.
A. will invite B. will be invited
C. is invited D. invites
15.---Is that man Mr. Smith
--- It_____be him. He has gone to New York on business.
A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t
D
C
A
二、動詞應用（根據短文內容,用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空,必要時可加助動詞或情態動詞。）
Scientists are trying 1.________ (make) deserts into good land again. They want 2.________(bring) water to the deserts, so people can grow crops and 3. _______(live) there. They 4. ___________(learn) a lot about the deserts. But more and more of the earth is 5. _________(become) deserts all the time.
Why is this true Scientists think that people are making deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth.
to make
to bring
live
are learning
becoming
Some places on the earth 6.___________(not have) much rain, but they don’t become deserts. This is because some green plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass 7._________(be) very important to dry places. Plants prevent the sun from 8._________(make) the earth drier. Plants prevent the wind from blowing the earth away. When a little bit of rain 9. ________(fall), the plants hold the water. Without plants, the lands 10._________(become) deserts easily.
don’t have
are
making
falls
become
Thanks!
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Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!語法講練
（一）時態復習（Ⅰ）——現在進行時和現在完成時
一、現在進行時
We are studying in the classroom now. 現在我們正在教室里學習。（目前正在發生）
Are you preparing for the final exam these days 這段時間你在為期末考試做準備嗎？（現階段正在發生）
【拓展延伸】
come、go、leave、start、arrive 等動詞可以用現在進行時表示將要發生的動作。
John is coming here next week and will stay here until May. 約翰下星期要來這里，將在此待到五月。
現在進行時可表示反復發生的動作，常與 always、all the time 等連用，多伴有一定的感彩，如不滿、贊賞等。
Eg.He is always thinking of others. 他總是為別人著想。
以下動詞通常不用于現在進行時：
①表示感覺或感情的動詞，如 smell、taste、seem、like、love、wish、hope 等；
②表示理解、記憶或決定等的動詞，如 remember、understand、believe、decide 等；
③表示所有或占有的動詞，如 have、belong、own 等。
【即學即用】
Look! The police the food onto the bank of the river.
A.am carrying B. is carrying C. are carrying D. are carried
—Wow! Look out of the window! It .
—Yes, what heavy snow! You know it quite often here in winter.
A. is snowing; snows B. snows; is snowing
C. snows; snows D.is snowing; is snowing
Please don't make so much noise. The baby now.
A. Sleeps B. slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping
二、現在完成時
I have already had supper. 我已經吃過晚飯了。（表示現在不餓了）
I have been in the army for 5 years. 我在部隊已經待 5 年了。
They have lived here since 20 years ago. 他們從 20 年前就住在這里了。
【拓展延伸】
在現在完成時的肯定句中，非延續性動詞（短語）（如 come、go、arrive、leave、join、become、die、buy等）不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。若與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，非延續性動詞（短語）要轉成相應的延續性動詞或短語。常見的有：
【即學即用】
He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he yet.
A. didn’t arrive B. doesn’t arrive C. isn’t arriving D. hasn’t arrived
—Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon. you it
—Not yet. I'm doing it right now.
A. Do; finish B. Had; finished C. Will; finish D. Have; finished
My grandparents in that city since 2008.
A. will live B. live C. have lived D. were living
—What do you usually do in your spare time
—I often go to our community library. It for two years in order to encourage us to read more.
A.opens B.has opened C.has been opened D.has been open
（二）被動語態
一、語法概述
被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。其基本結構是 。
二、被動語態的構成
【拓展延伸】含情態動詞的被動語態的結構是“情態動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞”。
Lights must be turned off when we leave the classroom. 我們離開教室的時候必須關燈。
三、主動語態和被動語態的轉換
將主動句變為被動句時，有如下步驟：
1.確定主動句的主語、謂語和賓語；
2.把主動句里的賓語變為被動句里的主語，若主動句里的賓語是人稱代詞，要將賓格變為主格；
3.把謂語變成被動結構“be+動詞的過去分詞”，但時態不改變;
4.把主動語態中的主語放在介詞 by 后作賓語，若主語是人稱代詞，應把主格變為賓格。
【特別提醒】在含有使役動詞（如：make）或感官動詞（see、watch、notice、hear 等）的主動語態的句子中，這些詞后常跟省略 to 的動詞不定式，但是改為被動語態時則要把省去的 to 還原。
Eg.I saw him cross the road and enter the shop. → He was seen to cross the road and enter the shop.
我看到他穿過馬路進了商店。
四、適合用被動語態的情況
當動作的執行者不必或不易說出時，用被動語態。
Eg.The flowers are watered every morning. 這些花每天早上（被人）澆水。
需要突出或強調動作的承受者時，用被動語態。
動作的執行者由 by 引出且置于謂語動詞之后，也可省略“by+動作的執行者”。
Eg.The new teacher is liked by all the students. 這名新老師被所有學生喜愛。
表示“據說/據報道/人們相信等”，常用“It is+過去分詞（said/reported/believed 等）+that 從句”句型。
Eg.It is reported that a rainstorm is coming. 據報道，一場暴風雨就要來了。
五、不能用被動語態的情況
系動詞 get、turn、seem、look、sound 等后接形容詞作表語時，不能用被動語態。
There be 句型不使用被動語態。
主動句中賓語是反身代詞的沒有被動語態。
不及物動詞或詞組沒有被動結構，如 take place（發生）、happen（發生）、come about（發生）、break out
（爆發）、appear（出現）、disappear（消失）、last（持續）等。
write、wash、sell 和副詞 well、easily 等連用，且主語是物時，通常用主動形式表示被動含義。
Eg.This kind of bike sells well. 這種自行車賣得很好。
【即學即用】
—At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
—More chances to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering
—Your city looks beautiful!
—Yes.Lots of trees and grass last year.
A.are planted B.have planted C.were planting D.were planted
My mother told me that my homework must on time.
finish B. be finish C. be finished D. finished
（三）情態動詞
一、語法概述
情態動詞表示說話人對所述動作或狀態的態度或看法。情態動詞一般沒有人稱和數的變化，在句中不能單獨作謂語，必須和動詞原形連用。初中階段常用的情態動詞有 can/could、may/might、must/have to、 should/ought to、would、need 等。
二、情態動詞的基本用法
情態動詞 用法 例句
can/could 表示能力，意為＂能，會＂ I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英語讀這 句話。
表示許可時，意為＂可以，能夠＂， 相當于 may She said that I could use her computer. 她說我可以使 用她的電腦。
用于推測，表示可能性，意為＂可能＂，could 比 can 更加不肯定，多用于否定或疑問句 The man can’t be our teacher — he has gone to Beijing. 那個男人不可能是我們的老師，他去北京了。 There is someone outside — who can it be 有人在外 面，可能是誰呢？
【知識拓展】 can 的一般疑問句，肯定回答用 Yes, ...can；否定回答用 No, ...can’t。 —Can you play the piano 你會彈鋼琴嗎 —Yes, I can. 是的，我會。/No, I can’t 不，我不會。 2. can，could 和 be able to 的區別：can 只有現在式和過去式，而 be able to 可以用于各種
時態；can( could)表示能力時，可用 be able to 代替。 I can(am able to) afford the car. 我能買得起這輛小汽車。 She has been able to come to school. 她已經能去學校了 I could(=was able to) drive a car before I left school. 畢業前我就會開車。
may/might 表示允許或許可，意為＂可以＂ May I use your phone 我可以用用你的電話嗎？
表示征詢許可時，might 比 may 的語氣委婉 —Might I ask for a photograph of your little daughter 我能要一張你小女兒的照片嗎 —Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。
用于表推測時，是＂可能，或許＂之意，might 語氣更加不肯定，多用于 肯定句 He may be wrong, but I’m not sure. 也許他錯了，但我也不確定。 She might be very busy now. 她現在可能非常忙。
【知識拓展】 may 的一般疑問句，肯定回答用 Yes, ...may. /Yes, of course. /Yes, certainly.；否定回答用 No, ...can’t/mustn’t。 —Might/May I smoke in this room 我可以在這間屋子里抽煙嗎 —Yes, you may. 是的，你可以。/No, you can’t/mustn’t. 不，不可以。 用于表示推測時，may 和 might 一般不用于疑問句，而在疑問句中，常使用 can；在否定句中，may not/might not 意為＂可能不＂，而 can’t/couldn’t 意為＂不可能＂。 The young people might not like the idea. 年輕人可能不喜歡這個主意。 It can’t/couldn’t be our headmaster. He has gone to America. 那人不可能是我們校長。他已經去美國了。
must 表示必須，一定要，指說話人的主觀語氣 You must obey the school rules. 你必須遵守校 規。
mustn’t 表示禁止，意為＂千萬不要，禁止＂，是說話人強有力的勸告 You mustn’t play with the knife or you may hurt yourself. 你禁止玩刀否則你可能會傷到自己。
表示推測時，用于肯定句，意為＂想必，一定＂，否定句中用 can’t/couldn’t 來代替 This must be your room. 這一定是你的房間。 He must be eighty now. 他現在想必有八十歲了。
【知識拓展】 must 的一般疑問句，肯定回答為 Yes, ...must.；否定回答為 No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have to. —Must I clean the classroom now 我必須現在打掃教室嗎？ —Yes, you must. 是的，你必須。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不，你不必。 2. must 和 have to 的區別： ①用 must 表示＂必須＂的意思時，通常著重于說話者的主觀看法，認為有必要去做某事；而 have to 著重于客觀需要，含有＂不得不＂的意思。 We must study English hard. 我們必須努力學習英語。 You are ill today. You have to see a doctor. 你今天病了，不得不去看醫生。 ②用 must 表示＂必須＂，只有現在時態的形式，如果要表示過去時或將來時的＂必須＂，就要用 have to 的相應形式。 You must drive fast to catch the time. 你必須開車開快點來趕時間。 They will have to leave tomorrow morning. 他們必須明天早晨起程。
would 作為 will 的過去式，可表示過去的意志、愿望或決心等，意為＂愿意＂ He promised he would never smoke again. 他承諾他再也不吸煙了。
表示過去反復發生的動作或某種傾向 Their English teacher would tell them stories in English after class. 他們的英語老師總是在課 后用英語給他們講故事。
用于第二人稱疑問句中，表示現在的請求、建議，比 will 的語氣委婉 Would you please pass the English-Chinese dictionary on to Mary 請把這本英漢詞典傳 給瑪麗好嗎
【知識拓展】 would like 意為＂愿意，想要＂； would like/love to do sth 意為＂愿意/想要做某事＂； would like sb to do sth 意為＂想要某人做某事＂。 Would you like a cup of tea 你想喝杯茶嗎？ Would you like to sing a song 你想唱首歌嗎？
I would like you to wake me up at 5:30 tomorrow morning. 我想讓你在明天早晨 5:30 叫 醒我。
should shall 的過去式，用于第一、三人稱，多用于間接引語中，以征求對方意見 I asked the manager if I should have a few days off. 我問經理我是否可以請幾天假。
表示義務，職責時，意為＂應當，應該＂，往往表示說話者的觀點
表示驚訝、遺憾等，意為＂竟然，居然＂
need 表示＂需要，必須＂，多用于疑問句和否定句 Need you go so soon 你需要這么早走嗎 You needn’t come so early. 你不必來這么早。
【知識拓展】 need 的一般疑問句，肯定回答為 Yes, ... must.；否定回答為 No, ... needn’t. —Need he finish the article next week 他需要下星期完成這篇文章嗎 —Yes, he must. 是的，他必須完成。/No , he needn’t. 不，他不需要。
have to 表示不得不，說明客觀條件只能如此；有時態形式的變化；否定式 don’t have to 意為＂不必＂(= needn’t) My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the midnight. 我弟弟病得厲害，我只得半夜里把醫生請來。 I haven’t got any money with me, so I’ll have to borrow some from my friend. 我身上沒帶錢，只好向朋友借點了。
語法小測
一、單項選擇
—Mary,where is Paul
—He a speech on Western art to the first-year students in the hall.
A.gives B.gave C.is giving D.has given
Paul is a foreign teacher in our school.So far, he for over four years.
A.was teaching B.has taught C.will teach D.taught
So far this year, the government many new houses in Wenchuan.
A.build B.are built C.will build D.has built
—Can sixteen-year-olds drive their cars to school
—No.They shouldn’t to drive because they are not serious enough.
A.allow B.allowed C.be allowed D.have allowed
My sister Qingdao two years ago, she for two years.
A. has left; has left B. left; has been away
C. left; has left D.has left; left
I the History Museum twice. I've learned a lot there.
A. visit B. am visiting C. have visited D. will visit
— I return the book today, Mr. Lin
—No, you . You can keep it for two days.
A. May; mustn’t B. Must; mustn’t C. Must; needn’t D. Can; shouldn’t
The dictionary at the Lost and Found office be Tim’s, because his name is on its corner.
A. can B. can’t C. must D. mustn’t
This kind of pen and is also very cheap. I think you can buy some.
A.writes well B.writes good C.is written well D.is written good
10.—Do you know the famous artist in red
—Sure. He to the art festival in our city every year.
A.invites B.invited C.is invited D.was invited
—Look! The man at the gate be our headmaster. He is always standing there every morning.
—No, it be him. He is holding a meeting in the office now.
A. must; can’t B. must; mustn’t C. can’t; can’t D. can’t; mustn’t
Paper first about 2000 years ago in China.
A. is; creating B. is; created C. has; created D. was; created
There's only one day to go. You finish your schoolwork by tomorrow.
A. can B. may C. will D. must
I won’t go to her party unless my best friend Jack .
A. will invite B. will be invited
C. is invited D. invites
15.---Is that man Mr. Smith
--- It be him. He has gone to New York on business.
A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t
二、動詞應用（根據短文內容,用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空,必要時可加助動詞或情態動詞。）
Scientists are trying 1. (make) deserts into good land again. They want 2. (bring) water to the deserts, so people can grow crops and 3. _______(live) there. They 4. _______(learn) a lot about the deserts. But more and more of the earth is 5. _________(become) deserts all the time.
Why is this true Scientists think that people are making deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth.
Some places on the earth 6. (not have) much rain, but they don’t become deserts. This is because some green plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass 7. (be) very important to dry places. Plants prevent the sun from 8. (make) the earth drier. Plants prevent the wind from blowing the earth away. When a little bit of rain 9. ________(fall), the plants hold the water. Without plants, the lands 10._________(become) deserts easily.
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