資源簡介

(共16張PPT)
Modals 情態動詞 (1)
What have you learnt about modals at junior high
(Rules and examples)
1．情態動詞有一定的詞義，不能單獨作謂語，需和實義動詞或系動詞一起作謂語。
She can speak English though she is six.
2．情態動詞一般無人稱和數的變化，個別情態動詞有現在時和過去時兩種時態變化。
They must be in the classroom.
3．構成否定句時，not放在其后面, have to例外 (don’t have to)。
The young man can’t carry the big stone.
4．情態動詞后接動詞原形。
You have to do as I told you.
I. Basic rules (Worksheet page 21)
A review:
情態動詞歌曲_嗶哩嗶哩_bilibili
II. Specific examples
A summary:
can的過去式：could
will的過去式：would
may的委婉形式：might
ought to≈should
don’t have to≈needn’t
be able to≈can
have to≈must
mustn’t≈can’t
II. Specific examples
Today:
be able to
needn’t
have to
dare not
had better
III. Function and meanings
Talk about the function of modals. Then match the meanings to the words in bold.
A. can & be able to
(1)can只有現在時和過去時(could), 而be able to則有更多的時態變化, 在非謂語動詞中只能用be able to。
Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
能夠以有意義的方式交流想法是一項寶貴的技能。
(2)can一般指自身具有的能力, 而be able to則表示經過一段時間的努力后所具有的能力, 相當于manage to do或succeed in doing。
(3) be able to可以用在一些情態動詞之后。
She ______ sing the song in English.
He will _____________ sing this song in English in a few minutes, too.
can
be able to
B. needn’t
(1) need作情態動詞時, 后跟動詞原形, 表示“需要，有必要”, 無人稱和數的變化, 多用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中。
There’s plenty of time. You needn’t drive so fast.
注意：由need/shall/must引起的一般疑問句，肯定回答常用must或have to；否定回答常用needn’t或don’t have to。
—Need/Must I finish the work today / Shall I tell John about it
—Yes, you ____________/ No, you ____________
(2) need作實義動詞時，后可接名詞、動名詞、不定式等，有人稱、時態和數的變化。
The bike needs repairing.＝The bike needs to be repaired.
must/have to.
needn’t/don’t have to.
C. have to & must
(1) have to“不得不”，有時態、人稱和數的變化，其否定形式為don’t/didn’t have to (haven’t to表示沒做過某事：He haven’t lie)。
Students have to wear a uniform.
(2) have to表示一種客觀的需要，而must表示一種主觀的需要。
I __________ finish my homework today. I’m going out tomorrow.
I __________ finish my homework today. We have to hand it in tomorrow.
must
have to
D. dare not
dare 表示“敢……”,多用于否定句、疑問句、表示懷疑的句子中。既可以作實義動詞(加不定式），也可以作情態動詞（加原型），即以下都可以:
dare (not) (to) do
do/does/did/will not dare (to) do
(BE: daren’t: daren’t do)
他不敢表達自己的想法。
He dared not to say what he thought.
He didn’t dare to say what he thought.
He daren’t say what he thought.
E. had better
had better后跟動詞原形，表示“最好……”, 否定式: had better not do。
You’d better get there before it gets dark.
你最好天黑前到那。
__________________________________
我們最好不要這么大聲說話。
We’d better not talk so loudly.
Exercise: meaning
Underline the modals in the introduction to an app and talk about their meanings.
download, upload
related:
relate A to B; be related to; relation
diet:
be on a diet 節食；
a healthy/balanced/varied diet 健康/平衡/多樣化飲食
addict:
a sugar addict 中毒者
be addicted to sugar/social media
addiction n. 中毒
He is now fighting his addiction to smartphone.
If you dare not try a “painful” diet to stay healthy, this new app is the perfect solution-and you needn’t pay for it! The app works by quickly showing photos of different food. All you have to do is select the photos of healthy food. Then you’ll be able to train your brain to select healthy food in real situations. So , if you’re a sugar addict and aren’t able to say no to chocolate or cola, you had better download it now!
Exercise: use
Complete the tips for good table manners with the correct form of the modals you learned today.
While going on your first trip to the UK is exciting, new and different customs (習俗；海關：復數) can also be confusing. Table manners (禮儀，用復數) are no exception. But don’t worry — here are some tips:
You 1. _____________ wait until everyone else has been served before you start eating.
have to
Exercise: use
Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you 2. ________ pick them up in case (以防萬一，加句子；in case of + 名詞/動名詞) you get it wrong. The trick (訣竅，技巧) is to start with the ones on the outside.
When you finish your meal, you 3. ____________ place (盤，碟) the knife and fork together on your plate with the handles (把手；V. 處理，口語化 handle this problem) at the four o’clock position.
dare not
had better
Exercise: use
Table manners, however, can differ in (在...方面不同) different situations. For example, you 4. __________ use a knife and fork when eating a hamburger or pizza. Just remember: when in Rome, do as the Romans do, and you will 5. ___________ enjoy the local cuisine!
needn’t
be able to
Assignment

展開更多......

收起↑