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Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
第3課時
Section A (Grammar Focus 3a-3c)
教學重難點
01
02
能夠通過表格活動，引導學生掌握最高級的內容；
能夠根據學習目標和個人情況，選擇適合的學習策略。
如何引導學生觀察，培養其獨立思考和發散性性思維；
如何引導學生使用最高級，加強語法記憶鞏固。
Watch the video
Can you express these world's records in one sentence
●Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth, standing at an elevation of 8848.86 meters.
●The Nile River is the longest river in the world, meandering across the deserts of North Africa for 6650 kilometers.
●The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering an area of nearly 9 million square kilometers.
●Blue whales are the largest animals on Earth, reaching lengths of over 30 meters and weighing up to 180 tons, gracefully moving through the deep sea.
●The Mariana Trench is the deepest place in the world's oceans, plunging to a depth of 10994 meters and challenging humanity's exploration of extreme environments.
●The Great Wall is the longest man-made structure in the world, spanning
21196 kilometers and bearing thousands of years of history and culture.
Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
最高級 the superlative
Question: Which parts of speech (詞性) have superlative forms
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
形容詞
形容詞
副詞
形容詞
形容詞
形容詞
Question:
Which parts of speech (詞性) have superlative forms
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
雙音節heavy最高級
雙音節useful的最高級
單音節large最高級
單音節big最高級
單音節fast最高級
三音節interest的最高級
不規則變化呢？
Question:
What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
形容詞、副詞的最高級用于三個或三個以上的人或事物之間的比較，常用of/in短語來說明比較的范圍。
形容詞最高級前要加定冠詞the，
副詞最高級前的the可省略。
定義
特點
形容詞、副詞的最高級
It is the most popular cinema in the city.
He is the tallest of the three.
He runs (the) fastest.
形/副詞最高級的構成（規則變化）
構成方法 原級 最高級
單音節詞和部分雙音節詞 high tall highest
tallest
fine nice finest
nicest
big thin biggest
thinnest
easy funny early easiest
funniest
earliest
1. 一般在詞匯尾加-est
2. 以字母e結尾的詞，在詞尾加-st
3. 重讀閉音節詞詞尾只有一個輔音字母時，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-est
4. 以“輔音字母+y”結尾的雙音節詞，先把“y”變為“i”，再加-est
構成方法 原級 最高級
多音節詞和部分雙音節詞 在詞前加most comfortable carefully most comfortable
most carefully
Tips: 由“動詞+-ed”或“動詞+-ing”構成的形容詞變最高級時，通常在該形容詞前加 most。
interesting→most interesting relaxed→most relaxed
exciting→most exciting boring→most boring
形/副詞最高級的構成（規則變化）
原級 最高級
good/well best
bad/badly/ill worst
many/much most
little least
far farthest/furthest
old oldest/eldest
形/副詞最高級的構成（不規則變化）
最高級有范圍
The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world.
The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo.
It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world.
Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb
3a
最高級的常用句型（一）
◆ “主語+ be+ the+形容詞最高級+in/of 短語”意為
“……是……中最……的”。
◆ “主語+實義動詞（+the）+副詞最高級+in/of 短語”意為
“……是……中最……的”。
◆ “主語+be+ one of the+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數+in/of 短語”意為“……是……中最……的……之一”。
My mother is the busiest one in my family.
The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.
Tom works (the) hardest in Class 3.
Tianjin is one of the biggest cities in China.
最高級的常用句型（二）
◆ “疑問詞+ be+ the+形容詞最高級，甲、乙or丙？”用于三個或三個以上的人或事物之間的比較。
◆ “疑問詞+助動詞+主語+動詞原形（+the)+副詞最高級，甲、乙or丙？”
◆ “主語+be + the+序數詞+形容詞最高級+可數名詞單數+in/of短語”意為“……在…… 中是第幾……的……”。
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill
Which city do you like best, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
1. Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are _________ (cute) animals in the world.
2. Which do you think is __________________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower
3. Look at that butterfly! It has __________________(colourful) wings.
4. Which animal jumps ___________ (high), the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog
5. The elephant birds were ___________ (large) and _________ (heavy) birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg.
the cutest
the most beautiful
the most colourful
(the) highest
the largest
heaviest
Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets.
3b
Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box.
3c
ancient beautiful common good popular
The ginkgo tree is one of ____________________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ___________________. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is _________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of ____________________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of _________________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart.
the most ancient
the most beautiful
the best
the most common
the most popular
Language points
1. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant.
世界上最大的陸地動物是非洲象。
land
n. 陸地；土地
v. 降落；著陸
take off 起飛
on land 在陸地上
by land 經陸路
A piece of land in the middle of the sea is island.海中央的一塊陸地是島嶼。
Did you go there by land or by sea 您是通過陸路還是海路去的？
The plane landed before the storm came.飛機在暴風雨來臨之前降落了。
A butterfly landed on her shoulder.一只蝴蝶落在了她的肩膀上。
African
n. 非洲人 （可數名詞）
復數：Africans
adj. 非洲的;非洲人的
① There are five Africans in our school. 我們學校有五個非洲人。
②African drumming plays a key role in traditional ceremonies.
非洲鼓樂在傳統儀式中發揮著關鍵作用。
Asia 亞洲 Asian 亞洲的；亞洲人
Africa 非洲 African 非洲的；非洲人
Europe 歐洲 European 歐洲的；歐洲人
Language points
2. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg.
有些可以站立到 3 米高，重達 860 公斤。
weigh
v. 有……重；稱重量
weight
n. 重量；分量
常見搭配
weigh about+數詞 重約……
weigh over+數詞 超過……重
weigh up to+數詞 重達……
固定詞組
put on weight 增加體重
lose weight 減重
Language points
up to
1.表示“直到、達到（某一時間、數量、程度等）”
用于時間：She stayed up to midnight working on the project.
她熬夜到午夜做項目。
用于數量/程度：The box can hold up to 20 books. 這個箱子最多能裝20本書。
2.表示“從事、忙于（尤指不好或有趣的事）”
What have you been up to lately 你最近在忙什么？
3.表示“由……決定、取決于”
It's up to you to decide when to start. 什么時候開始由你決定。
4.表示“勝任、適合”
He's not up to the job due to his health. 他身體不好，勝任不了這份工作。
5.表示“直到……為止”
Up to now, everything has been smooth. 到目前為止，一切都很順利。
固定搭配：
up to date：最新的
Keep the report up to date with the latest data. 用最新數據讓報告保持更新。
up to one's eyes in：忙于
She's up to her eyes in work this week. 她這周忙得不可開交。
“數詞 + 單位 + 形容詞（tall/wide/deep等）”
用法：用于描述物體的具體尺寸（高度、寬度、深度等），數詞表示具體數值，單位（如meter、foot、centimeter等）為度量單位，形容詞說明測量的維度。
常見形容詞： tall（高度）、high（高度，尤指離地面較高）、wide（寬度）、long（長度）、deep（深度）、thick（厚度）等。
e.g. The building is ten stories high. 這棟樓有十層高。
e.g. The river is about five meters deep. 這條河大約五米深。
1.Hainan is a very large Island. It is the second _________
island in China. (large)
2.Our teacher is as ______ as before. (busy).
3.He is __________________ among us. (careful)
4.Li Lei jumped far ______ than Jim. (far)
5.The busier he is, the ________ he feels. (happy)
busy
the most careful
farther
happier
largest
一. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空。
Exercises
The Yangtze River is______________________river in the world. (第三長河）
2. The Atlantic is ________________________ ocean in the world. ( 第二大洋）
3. Lin Sen is __________________________ in the class because he never gets to school on time. （最懶的學生之一）
4. Edison was__________________________________in the world. (最偉大的發明家之一）
one of the laziest students
one of the greatest inventors
the third longest
the second biggest
二、 完成句子。
Exercises
三、短文填空：閱讀下面短文，從方框中選擇適當的詞并用其正確形式填空(有一項多余)
Amur tigers are interesting animals. They are the 1. ________ cats in the world. A full-grown Amur tiger can be over 600 pounds. They live 2. ________ .
biggest
alone many old usual dangerous big twenty during good situation hundred
alone
Tigers also have very good eyesight and hearing. Their eyesight is 3. ________ better than humans’.
Amur tigers live in the forests in the Russian Far East and Northeastern China. They have a thick yellow coat. It keeps them warm 4. ________ the long, cold winters in the forest.
much
alone many old usual dangerous big twenty during good situation hundred
during
Amur tigers 5. ________ hunt at night. Sometimes these tigers travel 6. ________ of kilometers to look for things to eat. They hunt small animals living in the forest. They also hunt smaller kinds of bears. A hungry Amur tiger can eat more than 50 pounds in one night.
usually
alone many old usual dangerous big twenty during good situation hundred
hundreds
Today, Amur tigers are in 7. ________ . The number of Amur tigers dropped fast at the beginning of the 8. ________ century. Countries like Russia and China then began to protect these big cats. After that, the number of Amur tigers grew. Scientists believe there are about 540 Amur tigers living in the wild today.
danger
alone many old usual dangerous big twenty during good situation hundred
twentieth
These big cats are still in a difficult 9. __________ . We should try to save these tigers. If we try our 10. _______ , the tigers may live in peace in the future.
situation
alone many old usual dangerous big twenty during good situation hundred
best
Homework
Summarize the rules and usage of the superlatives.
It will be checked in the next class.

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