資源簡介

名詞性從句
考點與難點歸納
Form a good habit of consulting a dictionary frequently.
名詞的成分
1. 主語
The movie proves marvellous.
2. 賓語
I appreciate the actress.
3. 表語
She is a teacher.
4. 同位語
4.同位語
We found out the fact.
We found out the murder.
We found out the fact, the murder.
（同樣 位置 語言 ）
同位語是兩句話省略的結果；起解釋說明的作用；本身是名詞；跟在名詞后面
Jerry, our beloved dog, has lived with us for 8 years.
Jack, the mayor, will attend the meeting next Friday.
My sister Mary will visit me next Saturday.
Goerge Bush, the president of America, was the governor of the state of Texas.
I want to read the new novels, especially the one you mentioned.
All the people，young or old，are equal.
Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine
I'm leaving my life in your hands
People say I'm crazy and that I am blind
Risking it all in a glance
① _____ you got me blind is still a mystery
I can't get you out of my head
Don't care ② ____ is written in you history
As long as you're here with me
I don’t care ③ ____ you are， ④ _____ you’re from， ⑤ ____ you did
As long as you love me
Who you are
Where you're from
Don't care what you did
As long as you love me
Every little thing that you have said and done
Feels like it‘s deep within me
Doesn’t really matter if you‘re on the run
It seems like（as if）we're meant to be
How
what
who
where
what
o
o
o
o
s
o
英語從句（clause）
subject clause / object clause
主語從句 / 賓語從句
predicative clause / appositive clause
表語從句 / 同位語從句
attributive clause
定語從句
adverbial clause
狀語從句
相當于名詞，屬于名詞性從句
主語從句
The reason is clear now.
主語
Why he murdered his wife is clear now.
主語從句
用從句代替名詞充當主語
有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。常用句型如下：
(1)It＋be ＋名詞＋主語從句 (a pity, an honor, a surprise, a truth/fact, a good thing等)
(2)It＋be ＋形容詞＋主語從句 （important, necessary時，從句用should do）
(3)It＋be＋動詞的過去分詞＋主語從句 (suggested,advised等時，從句用should do)
(4)It＋不及物動詞＋主語從句 (appear, seem, happen)
1. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
2. It happened that I was out when you called.
It is necessary that you listen to opinions from others, for the reason that they can provide you with a wide range of choices.
假如你是李華，近日你收到你朋友Bob的來信。信中Bob描述了他在學校遇到的學習上的困難，壓力大，勞累，學習效率低等，特向你求助。請你給Bob一些有用的建議。
我建議你多傾聽他人的建議，因為他們能夠提供給你各種各樣的選擇。
注意：
It＋doesn’t matters/make a difference + 主語從句
如果他無法準時完成工作，關系大嗎？
Does it matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
你有多少朋友不重要。重要的是你有幾個真心朋友。
It doesn’t make any difference how many friends you have. But it makes a huge difference that you have serveral true friends.
wh-/how- 引導的主語從句后置操練
1. 他說什么不重要
It doesn’t matter what he says.
2. 誰處理這件事，還不清楚。
It is not clear who will attend to this matter.
3. 她突然想到要戒掉游戲是多么困難的一件事。
It hit her how difficult it would be to quit computer games.
4. 這個會議將什么時候舉行還沒有確定。
It hasn’t been made clear when the conference is to take place.
5. 不管你去哪里，都跟我沒有關系。
It doesn't matter too much to me where you go .
6. 你是否成功，我不感興趣。
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
賓語從句
He has found out the fact.
賓語
He has found out what they had done yesterday.
賓語從句
用從句代替名詞充當賓語
一般結構： v + it + 賓補 + 賓語從句，如think，make，consider, feel等，
1. verb+ it +when/if從句 （appereciate; enjoy; like; dislike; prefer; hate等）
2. 特殊表達 take it認為; have it; put it說等；(Rumor has it that... 據傳聞)
3. 動詞+it + 介賓短語 +that從句 (take it for granted that想當然...)
4. 介賓 +it +從句 (count on相信指望; depend on相信指望; insist on堅持; see to確保; )
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他不會屈服的，這一點他已明確表示了。
運動會被取消了，我覺得很可惜。
I find it a pity that the sports meeting has been cancelled.
她來幫忙了，我們十分高興。
We really appreciate it when she offered to help.
多虧有你，我才活著。
I owe it to you that I am alive.
據傳聞，Mary要結婚了。
Rumor has it that Mary is getting married.
你可以相信Tom會幫助你學英語。
You can depend on it that Tom will help you with your English.
你不要想當然認為他會幫助你。
Don’t take it for granted that he will help you.
Jessica覺得她不可能一個人徒步回到登山口。
Jessica thought it impossible that she would be able to hike back to the trailhead alone.
表語從句
It is the room.
表語
It is where I was born.
表語從句
用從句代替名詞充當表語, 表語從句位于連系動詞后，有時用as if，because等引導
看上去天要下雨了。
It looks as if it is going to rain.
當主語是reason時，表語從句要用that引導而不是because。
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.
他遲到的原因是，今天早晨他晚了一分鐘而錯過了火車。
同位語從句
We found out the fact, the murder.
同位語
We found out the fact that he was killed.
同位語從句
用從句代替名詞充當同位語
同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內容。同位語從句通常由that引導，也可由其他連接代詞或連接副詞引導，可用于同位語從句的名詞有：advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，problem，promise，question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。
我們贏得這場比賽的消息讓我們每個人都很激動。
The news that we won the game excited all of us.
我不知道他什么時候回家。
I have no idea when he will come back home.
消息傳來，我們城市馬上要被封了。
Word came that our city would be locked down soon.
同位語從句和定語從句的區別：
(1)意義不同：同位語從句是跟在一個抽象名詞之后，對該名詞的具體內容作進一步解釋說明；而定語從句在復合句中作定語，對前面名詞進行修飾、限制。
(2)連接詞用法不同：that作為關系代詞，可以引導定語從句，充當句子成分，在從句中作賓語時可以省略； that引導同位語從句時，只起連詞的作用，沒有實際意義，不充當句子成分，一般不能省略。 試比較：
The news that we won the game excited all of us.
Have you got the idea that this book gives you in ancient Greece？
難點1： that 的用法
（1）在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中一般不能省略。
（2）在賓語從句中有時可以省略，但要注意以下兩種情況：
①當that從句作介詞賓語時，that不可省略。例如：
②當主句謂語動詞后接兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句時，可以省略第一個that，其他的不能省略。例如：
They share little in common except that they are from the same country.
I believe (that) you’ve done your best and that things will improve.
難點2 if vs whether
(1)在主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中一般用whether。
(2)在賓語從句中，whether與if通常可以互換，但以下情況只用whether:
①當從句作介詞賓語時。例如：
這取決于你是否適合這項工作。
That depends on whether you are suitable for the job.
②與or not, 不定式to do連用時。
1. She wondered _____________ the bus was still running.
2.__________ she will marry Simon remains a puzzle.
3. We’re worried about ________ she is safe.
4. The question is _________ he should do it.
if / whether
Whether
whether
whether
5. She didn’t know ______ to laugh or to cry.
6._______ you are not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.
whether
If
難點3： that vs what
The hope __1__ he may recover is not gone yet.
___2_he said proved to be true.
Institutions and projects are trying to save __3__ is left.
Her interest was roused by ___4__ he said.
__5_ you said is different from the thing __6__he told us. 　　
—I think ____7___ he said is true.　　
—But don’t forget the fact ___8____he is a cheat. 　　
___9____ surprised us most is ___10___he spoke English so well. 　　
___11___ she lacks experience is obvious.
We live in ____12___ is called China.
One difficulty is __13__ almost all of ___14__ is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.
Our city is no longer __15__ it was 20 years ago.
Nobody believed in his reason for being absent from class ___16__ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
It is __17__ you do rather than __18__ you say that maters.
The other day my brother drove his car at __19___ was a dangerous speed.
A warm thought flashed across my mind __20__ I might use the pocket money to buy my mother a scarf.
The thought ___21_ flashed across my mind excited me.
___22__ impressed me most was the beauty of the city.
難點3： that vs what
The hope __1__ he may recover is not gone yet.
___2_he said proved to be true.
Institutions and projects are trying to save __3__ is left.
The part ___ she played in the project is important.
__5_ you said is different from the thing __6__he told us. 　　
—I think ____7___ he said is true.　　
—But don’t forget the fact ___8____he is a cheat. 　　
___9____ surprised us most is ___10___he spoke English so well. 　　
___11___ she lacks experience is obvious.
We live in ____12___ is called China.
that
What
What
that
What
What
what
that
What
that
That
what
One difficulty is __13__ almost all of ___14__ is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.
Our city is no longer __15__ it was 20 years ago.
Nobody believed his reason for being absent from class ___16__ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
It is __17__ you do rather than __18__ you say that maters.
The other day my brother drove his car at __19___ was a dangerous speed.
A warm thought flashed across my mind __20__ I might use the pocket money to buy my mother a scarf.
The thought ___21_ flashed across my mind excited me.
___22__ impressed me most was the beauty of the city.
that
what
what
that
what
what
that
what
that
What

When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know???????.
he is entering which lane????????????
which lane he is entering
C. is he entering which lane???????????
D. which lane is he entering
回顧考點之一語序
★在名詞性從句中,一律要用陳述句語序
1. It is ordered that he ___ the examination?
A. takes B. has to take
C. must take D. take
2. We suggested that the meeting _________
A. should put off B. be put off
C. was put off D. putting off
回顧考點之二
____________ you go and __________you do, I’ll be right here waiting for you.
(狀語從句)
Wherever
whatever
No matter where
no matter what
離開房間的任何人應該把燈關掉。
___________________________________ought to turn off the light.
(主語從句)
Whoever leaves the room last
考點三
whatever和no matter what等

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