資源簡介

Unit 4
Being a good learner
4.1
How to learn physics
Towards the end of this unit study, you will be able to：
talk about learning challenges and find ways to solve them；
analyze your learning style and make an improvement plan；
use modal verbs to give advice on how to be a good learner.
Regarding knowledge ， those who are devoted to it learn better than those who are aware of it，and those who enjoy it the most are the best students.
——Con fucius
知之者不如好之者，好之者不如樂之者。
——孔子
1 Which of the following questions are physics problems? Think and tick.
□ How many oceans are there in the world?
□ Why do leaves fall？
□ Why can we stand on the ground?
□ What is 5 plus 7?
?
?
2 Listen to the conversation and fill in the blanks.
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Wang Mei：
I didn′t see you last week，Li Lin. What happened?
Li Lin：
I had the flu and went to see the doctor. I had to miss school.
Wang Mei：
Oh，poor Li Lin. How are you today?
患流感
[動詞]錯過
[形容詞] 可憐的
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Li Lin：
I′m okay now. I′m happy to be back at school and have my favourite subject today.
Wang Mei：
What′s your favourite subject.
Li Lin：
Physics. We are learning many interesting things. We are trying to understand many interesting questions such as：Why do apples fall? Why can we stand on the ground?
例如
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Wang Mei：
You are good at physics，Li Lin. For me，it′s a challenge. It′s really difficult to understand all the concepts. Can you share some study tips with me？
擅長
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Li Lin：
Sure. You can focus on the key words. For example，gravity is a force. It pulls everything towards the centre of the earth. You should remember the words “ force”，“ pull”，and “centre”. You can also compare related concepts to understand their similarities and differences.
擅長專注于/集中精力在······
關(guān)鍵詞
[名詞]力；權(quán)利；武力
[介詞]朝;向;趨向
[形容詞]相關(guān)的；有聯(lián)系的
[名詞]相似點;相似性
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}Wang Mei：
That sounds reasonable. Can you help me study physics？
Li Lin：
No problem. What about from 7∶00 to 8:30 every Friday evening？
Wang Mei：
Okay. Thank you，Li Lin. See you then.
Li Lin is good at physics，but physics is a __________ for Wang Mei. It is really difficult for her to ___________ all the concepts. Wang Mei asks Li in to share some study __________ with her. Li Lin tells Wang Mei to learn physics by focusing on the _________ words. They also agree to learn together every Friday evening.
challenge
understand
tips
key
3 Listen to the conversation again and tick the correct answers.
A Which is NOT the example Li Lin gives?
□ Why do apples fall?
□ Why can we stand on the ground?
□ Why does the earth go around？
?
B What′s the advice from Li Lin to learn physics?
□ Focus on the key words.
□ Do more experiments.
□ Compare related concepts.
C Choose the correct statement.
□ Li Lin is kind and ready to help others.
□ Wang Mei wants to give up physics.
□ Li Lin missed school because of her stomachache last week.
?
?
?
4 Work in pairs. Talk about what you can do to solve your learning challenges.
A：What is your favourite subject?
B：Maths.
A：Oh... Maths is a challenge for me. Can you share some learning methods with me?
B：Sure…
1. How many oceans are there in the world? 世界上有多少個海洋? (教材第 44 頁，1)
how many 多少
how many 是一個疑問詞組，用來詢問數(shù)量，其后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
How many pictures can you see on the wall？
你能看到墻上有多少幅畫？
[拓展]
詢問不可數(shù)名詞的量用 how much。
How much tea would you like?
你想要多少茶?
2. I had the flu and went to see the doctor. 我得了流感，去看了醫(yī)生。(教材第 44 頁，2)
have the/a flu 患流感
He had the flu，but he still did well in the exam.
他患了流感，但仍然考得很好，
[拓展]
類似的表示病情的短語：
have a fever 發(fā)燒
have a cough 咳嗽
have a headache 頭疼
have a toothache 牙疼
have a stomachache 胃疼
3. I had to miss school. 我不得不缺課。(教材第 44 頁，2)
miss [動詞] 錯過
miss 在此處是及物動詞，其后跟名詞、代詞或動詞 -ing 形式。
I don′t want to miss seeing that play on TV tonight.
我不想錯過今晚電視上的那出戲。
[拓展]
① miss 作動詞，還可意為“想念；思念；未擊中”。
I know how much you miss your mother.
我知道你多么想念你的母親。
The hunter fired at the deer but missed it.
獵人向鹿開了槍，但未打中。
② Miss 意為“小姐”，用于姓名或姓氏之前，是對未婚女士的稱呼。
Thank you，Miss Zhang. 謝謝您，張小姐。
4. Oh，poor Li Lin. 哦，可憐的李琳。(教材第 44 頁，2)
poor [形容詞] 可憐的。
poor 用于名詞前作定語。
It′s hungry the poor little thing.
它餓了，這可憐的小家伙。
[拓展]
① poor 還可意為“貧窮的”，可在句中作表語或定語，其反義詞為 rich“富有的”。
the poor 意為“窮人”，表示一類人。
He took the gold away to help the poor.
他拿走金子去幫助窮人。
② poor 還可意為“不擅長的；不熟練的”。
My English is poor. Can you help me？
我的英語很差。你能幫我嗎？
5. We are trying to understand many interesting questions such as：Why do apples fall? Why can we stand on the ground? 我們正在努力理解許多有趣的問題，例如：為什么蘋果會掉下來?為什么我們可以站在地面上? (教材第 44頁，2)
such as 例如
such as 表示列舉，通常列舉同類人或物中的幾個例子。
The shop near our school sells many school things，such as pens，rulers and erasers.
我們學(xué)校附近的商店賣許多學(xué)習(xí)用品。例如鋼筆、尺子和橡皮。
[辨析]
such as，for example 與 like
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}such as
以整體之中的部分同類人或事物為例，其后所舉的例子通常為名詞或動詞-ing 形式，其后一般不用逗號
for example
以整體之中的一個為例，所舉的例子可以是名詞(短語)，也可以是句子，在句子中多用作插入語，用逗號與其他成分隔開
like
用來表示舉例，有時可與 such as互換
6. You are good at physics， Li Lin. 李琳，你擅長物理。(教材第 44 頁，2)
be good at 擅長
be good at 與 do well in 同義，其后可接名詞、代詞或動詞 -ing 形式作賓語。
Some of us are good at running. 我們中的有些人擅長跑步。
[拓展]
① be good for 意為“對······有益/有好處”，其反義短語為 be bad for“對······有害”。
Exercising in the morning is good for our health.
晨練對我們的健康有好處。
② be good to 意為“對······友好”，其反義短語為 be bad to “對······不友好”。
Miss Li is good to us. 李老師對我們很友好。
③ be good with 意為“善于應(yīng)付······”。
He is very good with children. 他善于和孩子打交道。
[中考鏈接]
(四川遂寧中考)—The art festival is coming. It′s a good chance to show ourselves.
— You are very good at ________. And you will be the most popular star.
A. singing B. sing
C. to sing D. sang
A
7. You can focus on the key words. 你可以專注于關(guān)鍵詞。(教材第 44 頁，2)
focus on 專注于/集中精力在······
focus on 表示專注于某一件事情，后面常接名詞、代詞或動詞 -ing 形式。
[拓展]
focus one′s attention/mind on... 意為“集中注意力于······”。
Don′t focus your attention on computer games.
不要把你的注意力集中在電腦游戲上。
7. You can focus on the key words. 你可以專注于關(guān)鍵詞。(教材第 44 頁，2)
key /ki:/ ① [形容詞] 關(guān)鍵的；主要的
key words 關(guān)鍵詞
We can pay attention to the key words.
我們可以關(guān)注關(guān)鍵詞。
key ② [名詞] 鑰匙。 其復(fù)數(shù)形式為 keys。
the key to ······的鑰匙
I can′t find the key to the door. 我找不到這扇門的鑰匙。
③ [名詞] 關(guān)鍵
Diet and exercise are the key to good health.
飲食和運動是健康的關(guān)鍵。
④[名詞] 鍵
the return key 回車鍵
8. For example，gravity is a force. 例如，重力是一種力。(教材第 44 頁，2)
force /f?:s/ [名詞] 力；權(quán)利；武力
force 在此處作可數(shù)名詞，其形容詞形式為 forceful，意為“強有力的；有說服力的”。
the force of... ······的力量
by force 靠武力；強行
in force (法律、規(guī)則等) 已生效；在實施中
bring sth. into force (使法律、規(guī)則等) 開始實施；開始生效
Nobody can get trust by money or force.
沒人能通過金錢或武力獲得信任。
She made a forceful speech. 她作了一次強有力的發(fā)言。
[拓展]
force 還可作動詞，意為“強迫；迫使”。
常見搭配：force sb. to do sth. 意為“強迫某人做某事”，相當(dāng)于 force sb. into doing sth.。
A good way to break a bad habit is to force yourself to do something different/into doing something different.
改掉壞習(xí)慣的一個好方法是迫使你自己做不同的事情。
9. It pulls everything towards the centre of the earth. 它把一切都拉向地球的中心。(教材第44 頁，2)
towards /t??w?:dz/ [介詞] 朝；向；趨向
He ran towards the train station.
他朝火車站跑去。
[辨析]
towards 與 to
{5C22544A-7EE6-4342-B048-85BDC9FD1C3A}towards
表示“向著某個方向”，沒有“到達(dá)”之意
to
一般跟在 come、go、move 等動詞之后，表示“向，往”，有“到達(dá)”之意
10. You can also compare related concepts to understand their similarities and differences. 你還可以比較相關(guān)的概念來理解它們的相似點和不同點。(教材第 44 頁，2)
related /r??le?t?d/ [形容詞] 相關(guān)的；有聯(lián)系的
We discussed poverty and related problems.
我們探討了貧困及相關(guān)問題。
[拓展]
related 的相關(guān)詞匯：
relate [動詞] 使有聯(lián)系
relation [名詞] 聯(lián)系
10. You can also compare related concepts to understand their similarities and differences. 你還可以比較相關(guān)的概念來理解它們的相似點和不同點。(教材第 44 頁，2)
similarity /?s?m??l?r?ti/ [名詞] 相似點；相似性
其復(fù)數(shù)形式為 similarities。
The similarity between the two photos is surprising.
這兩張照片的相似性令人驚訝。
11. Wang Mei asks Li Lin to share some study tips with her. 王梅請李琳和她分享一些學(xué)習(xí)建議。(教材第 45 頁，2)
ask sb.to do sth. 請求/要求某人做某事
該結(jié)構(gòu)中，sb. 為賓語，動詞不定式 (短語) 為賓補。
該結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式為 ask sb. not to do sth.，意為“要求某人不要做某事”。
My mum asks me to help her do some housework.
我的媽媽要求我?guī)退黾覄?wù)。
My mother asked me not to go out alone at night.
我的媽媽要求我不要在夜晚獨自外出。
[拓展]
類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有 tell/encourage/want/advise sb.(not)to do sth.，意為“告訴/鼓勵想要/建議某人 (不) 做某事”。
[中考鏈接]
(四川德陽中考) Mother asks me __________ English every morning.
A. read B. to read
C. reading D. not read
B
I. 根據(jù)漢語提示填寫單詞
1. There was a boy lying on the __________ (地面).
2. It′s a____________ (挑戰(zhàn)) for me.
3. There is a big sports ___________ (中心) on the street.
4. You must ___________ (集中) on this problem.
5. Revise and remember the __________ (關(guān)鍵的) words.
ground
challenge
centre
focus
key
Ⅱ. 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. You can force yourself _________(get) up early.
2. In order to learn it well，I can ___________ (focus) on the key words.
3. Our teacher asks us ____________ (not play) on the street.
4. We must compare ____________ (relate) concepts first.
to get
focus
not to play
related

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