資源簡(jiǎn)介 Period 4 單元語(yǔ)法講練(Using language)1．break down分解；(機(jī)器)損壞，出故障；(精神、身體等)垮掉；(談判、關(guān)系)破裂；消除，驅(qū)除(人與人之間的隔閡等)break in 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入；打斷(談話)，插嘴break into 闖入；突然……起來(lái)break out 爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生break through 突破；克服，戰(zhàn)勝break up 打碎，破碎；解散；結(jié)束；拆散[即學(xué)即練]——寫出下列句中break down的含義/完成句子①If the printer should break down under guarantee，we would repair it at our expense． ___________②If you keep on staying up so late，your health will break down sooner or later． ___________③Overtime the matter can break down into the soil without giving out any toxic chemicals． ___________④Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them． ___________⑤Many people didn't think the peace talks would break down． ___________⑥好消息一宣布，孩子們就歡呼起來(lái)。Instantly the good news was announced，the children_______________．2．take in吸收；理解；欺騙；收留take off 起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)take over 接收；接管；取代take up 占用；占據(jù)；開(kāi)始從事[即學(xué)即練]——用take的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空/完成句子①It was several minutes before I_____________what the old man was saying．②Even though my studies_____________most of my day，I always help my mother with the housework．③(讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華)My parents urged me to be patient and never to let negative thoughts___________．④隨著科技的發(fā)展，我們的祖國(guó)呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌。With the development of science and technology，our country________________．P701．_______________原產(chǎn)于某地2．_______________可愛(ài)的外表3．_______________對(duì)……的威脅4．_______________在一個(gè)封閉區(qū)域5．_______________一家動(dòng)物收容所P711．_______________當(dāng)今；當(dāng)代；現(xiàn)代2．_______________使……變成……P721．_______________初級(jí)消費(fèi)者2．_______________依靠；信任3．_______________提供能量4．_______________次級(jí)消費(fèi)者5．_______________捕食；獵獲6．_______________使分解(為)；使變化(成)7．_______________食物鏈8．_______________生物P731．_______________存在2．_______________一只蜜蜂3．_______________食品/糧食供給4．_______________絕種5．_______________彌補(bǔ)/補(bǔ)償……6．_______________以吃……為生；以……為主食it作形式賓語(yǔ)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)詞 ing形式(短語(yǔ))或從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)后置。此時(shí)的it無(wú)詞義。常以it作形式賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：feel，consider，find，believe，make，take，imagine，prove，think，suppose，regard，notice等。其用法如下：1．it作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))They found it pleasant to work with us．他們發(fā)現(xiàn)與我們一起工作很愉快。He makes it a rule never to borrow money from others．他的規(guī)矩是從不向別人借錢。I consider it advisable to tell her beforehand．我認(rèn)為還是事先告訴她好。[溫馨提示] 當(dāng)真正的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))可以有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，該邏輯主語(yǔ)常由for 引出。He likes to stay up late，so he often feels sleepy，which makes it difficult for him to concentrate on what he is doing．他喜歡熬夜，所以他經(jīng)常犯困，這使他難以專注于他正在做的事情。2．it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替動(dòng)詞 ing形式(短語(yǔ))用動(dòng)詞 ing形式(短語(yǔ))作真正的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常是no use，no good，a waste of time，worthwhile，hard work等。I think it no good spending too much time watching TV．我認(rèn)為花太多時(shí)間看電視是沒(méi)有好處的。I feel it hard work persuading him into doing it．我感覺(jué)說(shuō)服他做那件事很難。3．it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替從句(1)在一些習(xí)慣用法中，it在 hate，like，love，appreciate，enjoy，take，have，depend on，rely on，count on等動(dòng)詞后作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替其后的賓語(yǔ)從句。I hate it when he talks with his mouth full．我討厭他嘴里塞滿了東西跟人說(shuō)話。I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestion into consideration．如果你能考慮我的建議，我將感激不盡。(2)在一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中，用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。take it for granted that．．．認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的see to it that．．．確保……owe it to．．．that．．．多虧……/幸虧……He seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as a representative．他似乎理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為他應(yīng)當(dāng)作為代表發(fā)言。Would you see to it that she gets home early 你能保證她早早到家嗎？I owe it to my teacher that I made such rapid progress．多虧了我的老師，我才取得了這么快的進(jìn)步。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①He disliked it_________she behaved badly before his mother．②She can't stand_________when she is kept waiting．③As is known to all，we should take________into account that we lose something else while we gain something．④65%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候聽(tīng)英文歌更有效率。65% of the students_______________________________when learning English．⑤如果你考慮我的邀請(qǐng)，我將不勝感激。________________you would consider my invitation．⑥我認(rèn)為躺在床上看書是不好的，這對(duì)你的眼睛有很大的傷害。I_________________in bed，which does great harm to your eyes．短文語(yǔ)境填空I think 1．________important to protect the environment．But some people take it for granted 2．________the resources are endless，which has caused great harm to nature．Other people feel 3．________urgent 4．_________(preserve) the environment and save resources．Therefore，we should see to 5．________that effective measures should be taken to prevent pollution．At last，I think 6．________our duty to protect the earth．第二篇課文(Developing ideas)①pleasure n．[C]樂(lè)事，快事②on behalf of代表③association n．[C]協(xié)會(huì)，社團(tuán)，聯(lián)盟④make it獲得成功⑤stretch v．延伸，綿延⑥legendary adj．傳說(shuō)的，傳奇的⑦be named after．．．以……命名⑧capture the imagination啟發(fā)想象力capture v．引起(注意、想象、興趣)⑨meet two criteria符合兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)criterion n．[C](pl．criteria)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，準(zhǔn)則⑩rare locations罕見(jiàn)的地方rare adj．稀有的，罕見(jiàn)的rarely adv．罕有，很少，不常 biological processes生物學(xué)過(guò)程biological adj．生物的，與生物有關(guān)的biology n．[U]生物學(xué)；生理biologist n．[C]生物學(xué)家 apparently adv．據(jù)說(shuō)；看來(lái)，似乎apparent adj．顯而易見(jiàn)，明白易懂，顯然 rise v．[熟詞生義] 凸起，隆起，上升 the vast range巨大的變動(dòng)范圍vast adj．巨大的；廣大的range n．(變動(dòng)或浮動(dòng)的)范圍，界限，區(qū)間 altitude n．[C，usually sing．]海拔(高度) variation n．[C，U]差異；變化 climatic conditions氣候條件climatic changes氣候變化climatic adj．與某一地區(qū)氣候有關(guān)的conditions n．[pl．](影響某事發(fā)生的)物質(zhì)環(huán)境，狀態(tài)，條件 a variety of各種各樣的variety n．[sing．](同一事物的)不同種類，多種式樣 slide n．[C]幻燈片a slide show 幻燈片放映 represent v．等于，相當(dāng)于，意味著 additionally adv．另外，額外additional adj．附加的，額外的 brave v．[熟詞生義]勇敢面對(duì)，冒(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))，經(jīng)受(困難) double v．(使)加倍，是……的兩倍 home made adj．自制的，家里做的 elsewhere adv．在別處；去別處 the invasion of foreign species外來(lái)物種的入侵/涌入invasion n．[C，U]侵犯，入侵；涌入invade v．(尤指造成損害或混亂地)涌入，侵襲；武裝入侵，侵略，侵犯 coexist with．．．與……共存，(尤指)與……和平共處coexist v．共存，共處 secure adj．穩(wěn)固的，可靠的；安全的security n．[U]安全；平安 in return作為回報(bào) contribute v．增加，增進(jìn)，添加(到某物)WHY SHENNONGJIA Good morning，everyone． It is my great pleasure① to give a lecture here on behalf of② the Be at One with Nature Association③．[1]As we know，in 2016，Shennongjia made it④ onto the UNESCO World Heritage List． But there are so many important places not yet on this list． So you might ask: why Shennongjia [2]Is it its forests that stretch⑤ on and on like great green seas？Is it the legendary⑥ father of Chinese herbal medicine，Shennong，after whom the park is named⑦？Or is it the mysterious creature called “Yeren” (wild man) that has captured the imagination⑧ of the world [1]此處是as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，意為“眾所周知”。[2]本句用來(lái)回答why Shennongjia這個(gè)問(wèn)題。that在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞its forests。UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria⑨[3]required by the list． It contains a naturally balanced environment that allows the many and various species to live and prosper． [4]It is also one of the rare locations⑩ in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve．[3]此處是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾two criteria。[4]本句是主從復(fù)合句。where在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞one of the rare locations，該定語(yǔ)從句中又包含了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞processes。在that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，又包含了一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。For the first criterion，Shennongjia is apparently one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world． The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3，000 metres above sea level，giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”． The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions ． This allows a wide variety of species to thrive． Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years，and are regarded as living fossils． For the second criterion，we can see that Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity． Look at this slide ． According to official statistics，over 3，000 plant species have been recorded there． This represents more than ten per cent of China's total floral richness． Shennongjia supports more than 600 vertebrate species，including the Golden Snub nosed Monkey and the Clouded Leopard． Additionally ，around 4，300 insect species have been recorded．It is a challenge to look after so many species． In winter，scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub nosed Monkey． Thanks to their efforts，the monkey's population has doubled since the 1980s． Their number reached over 1，300 in 2015 and continues to grow．But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people，who take things from nature without causing damage． I visited a local village which is known for its home made honey． What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee． Every spring，the villagers place beehives around their houses to attract these wild bees from the forest． Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species ，the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries． By providing the bees with a secure home，the villagers collect their honey in return ． This is just one of the ways in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony with nature．All of this explains why Shennongjia earned—and deserves—its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List，as well as highlighting how understanding，awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world．Thank you for listening．Now，does anyone have any questions？為什么是神農(nóng)架？大家早上好。我很開(kāi)心能代表人與自然和諧相處協(xié)會(huì)在這里發(fā)表演講。眾所周知，神農(nóng)架在2016年正式入選聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。世界上重要的地方那么多，但許多都沒(méi)有被列入該名單。所以你可能會(huì)問(wèn)：為什么是神農(nóng)架？是因?yàn)樗鼡碛邢窬G色海洋般廣袤的森林嗎？還是因?yàn)樗且灾袊?guó)草藥之父神農(nóng)命名？抑或是因?yàn)樯衩氐摹耙叭恕蔽巳澜绲哪抗猓?br/>聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織令神農(nóng)架入選是因?yàn)樗先脒x名錄的兩項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：第一，它擁有一個(gè)自然平衡的環(huán)境，使許多不同的物種得以生存和繁衍。第二，它也是世界上人跡罕至之地之一，科學(xué)家們可以實(shí)時(shí)觀察到植物和動(dòng)物發(fā)展和進(jìn)化過(guò)程中的生態(tài)學(xué)和生物學(xué)過(guò)程。就第一項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而言，我們可以自豪地說(shuō)神農(nóng)架是世界上最“完整”的自然區(qū)域之一。該地區(qū)的海拔從大約400米上升到3 000多米，被稱為“華中屋脊”。海拔的巨大差異導(dǎo)致了迥然不同的氣候環(huán)境，使得大量不同的物種得以繁衍生息。一些動(dòng)植物生存了數(shù)百萬(wàn)年，被視為活化石。對(duì)于第二個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，我們可以看到神農(nóng)架有著極其豐富的生物多樣性。請(qǐng)看這張幻燈片。根據(jù)官方統(tǒng)計(jì)，在神農(nóng)架內(nèi)有記錄的植物物種超過(guò)3 000種，占到了中國(guó)全部開(kāi)花植物的10%以上。神農(nóng)架還有600多種脊椎動(dòng)物，包括川金絲猴和云豹。此外，有記錄的昆蟲(chóng)物種也達(dá)到了4 300種左右。照顧如此多的物種是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。冬季，科學(xué)家們不畏暴雪和嚴(yán)寒為川金絲猴提供食物。也正是因?yàn)樗麄兊母冻觯ń鸾z猴的數(shù)量相比于20世紀(jì)80年代增加了一倍，到2015年達(dá)到1 300多只，而且其數(shù)量還在持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。不過(guò)神農(nóng)架令人印象最深的地方還在于當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳罘绞剑麄儚拇笞匀恢兴魅。粫?huì)破壞生態(tài)平衡。我去了一個(gè)以自制蜂蜜而聞名的當(dāng)?shù)卮迩f參觀。這種蜂蜜的獨(dú)特之處在于它是由最古老的一種中華蜜蜂產(chǎn)的。每年春天，村民們就會(huì)在自家周圍放置一些蜂箱，吸引森林中的野生蜜蜂。雖然在中國(guó)的其他地區(qū)，由于外來(lái)物種入侵，這種蜜蜂瀕臨滅絕，但是神農(nóng)架的人們已經(jīng)和這種蜜蜂共存了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)。村民為它們提供安全住所，蜜蜂為人們提供蜂蜜。這只是神農(nóng)架的人們與自然和諧相處的方式之一。以上這些解釋了為什么神農(nóng)架能夠并理應(yīng)入選聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》，同時(shí)也強(qiáng)調(diào)了人們的理解、認(rèn)識(shí)和付出是如何促進(jìn)對(duì)這一自然界獨(dú)特且美好區(qū)域的保護(hù)的。感謝大家的聆聽(tīng)。現(xiàn)在大家有什么問(wèn)題嗎？Period 4核心詞匯1．①(機(jī)器)損壞，出故障 ②(身體)垮掉 ③分解 ④消除 ⑤破裂 ⑥broke into cheers2．①took in ②take up ③take over ④has taken on a new look詞塊積累P701．be native to 2．cute appearance 3．a(chǎn) threat to．．． 4．in an enclosed area 5．a(chǎn)n animal shelterP711．the present day 2．transform．．．into．．．P721．primary consumers 2．rely on/upon 3．provide energy 4．secondary consumers 5．prey on/upon 6．break down 7．the food chain 8．living thingsP731．in existence 2．a(chǎn) honey bee 3．food supply 4．become extinct 5．compensate for 6．live on單元語(yǔ)法[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]①when ②it ③it ④consider it more efficient to listen to English songs ⑤I'd appreciate it if ⑥think it no good reading鞏固落實(shí)1．it 2．that 3．it 4．to preserve 5．it 6．it1/1(共44張PPT)Period 4 Unit 5 A delicate world主題語(yǔ)境人與自然—— 自然環(huán)境保護(hù)課時(shí)學(xué)案 單元語(yǔ)法講練(Using language)1．break down分解；(機(jī)器)損壞，出故障；(精神、身體等)垮掉；(談判、關(guān)系)破裂；消除，驅(qū)除(人與人之間的隔閡等)break in 強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入；打斷(談話)，插嘴break into 闖入；突然……起來(lái)break out 爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生break through 突破；克服，戰(zhàn)勝break up 打碎，破碎；解散；結(jié)束；拆散[即學(xué)即練]——寫出下列句中break down的含義/完成句子①If the printer should break down under guarantee，we would repair it at our expense． ____________________②If you keep on staying up so late，your health will break down sooner or later． ____________③Overtime the matter can break down into the soil without giving out any toxic chemicals． ____(機(jī)器)損壞，出故障(身體)垮掉分解④Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them． ____⑤Many people didn't think the peace talks would break down． ____⑥好消息一宣布，孩子們就歡呼起來(lái)。Instantly the good news was announced，the children _______________．消除破裂broke into cheerstake off 起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)take over 接收；接管；取代take up 占用；占據(jù)；開(kāi)始從事2．take in吸收；理解；欺騙；收留[即學(xué)即練]——用take的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空/完成句子①It was several minutes before I ______ what the old man was saying．②Even though my studies ______ most of my day，I always help my mother with the housework．③(讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華)My parents urged me to be patient and never to let negative thoughts________．④隨著科技的發(fā)展，我們的祖國(guó)呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌。With the development of science and technology，our country ____________________．took intake uptake overhas taken on a new lookP701．__________原產(chǎn)于某地2．______________可愛(ài)的外表3．_______________對(duì)……的威脅4．________________在一個(gè)封閉區(qū)域5．________________一家動(dòng)物收容所be native tocute appearancea threat to...in an enclosed areaan animal shelterP711．_____________當(dāng)今；當(dāng)代；現(xiàn)代2．_______________使……變成……P721．__________________初級(jí)消費(fèi)者2．____________依靠；信任3．_____________提供能量4．___________________次級(jí)消費(fèi)者the present daytransform...into...primary consumersrely on/uponprovide energysecondary consumers5．____________捕食；獵獲6．__________使分解(為)；使變化(成)7．____________食物鏈8．____________生物prey on/uponbreak downthe food chainliving thingsP731．___________存在2．___________一只蜜蜂3．__________食品/糧食供給4．______________絕種5．______________彌補(bǔ)/補(bǔ)償……6．______以吃……為生；以……為主食in existencea honey beefood supplybecome extinctcompensate forlive onit作形式賓語(yǔ)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)詞-ing形式(短語(yǔ))或從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)后置。此時(shí)的it無(wú)詞義。常以it作形式賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：feel，consider，find，believe，make，take，imagine，prove，think，suppose，regard，notice等。其用法如下：1．it作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))They found it pleasant to work with us．他們發(fā)現(xiàn)與我們一起工作很愉快。He makes it a rule never to borrow money from others．他的規(guī)矩是從不向別人借錢。I consider it advisable to tell her beforehand．我認(rèn)為還是事先告訴她好。[溫馨提示] 當(dāng)真正的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))可以有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，該邏輯主語(yǔ)常由for 引出。He likes to stay up late，so he often feels sleepy，which makes it difficult for him to concentrate on what he is doing．他喜歡熬夜，所以他經(jīng)常犯困，這使他難以專注于他正在做的事情。2．it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替動(dòng)詞-ing形式(短語(yǔ))用動(dòng)詞-ing形式(短語(yǔ))作真正的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，其賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常是no use，no good，a waste of time，worthwhile，hard work等。I think it no good spending too much time watching TV．我認(rèn)為花太多時(shí)間看電視是沒(méi)有好處的。I feel it hard work persuading him into doing it．我感覺(jué)說(shuō)服他做那件事很難。3．it 作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替從句(1)在一些習(xí)慣用法中，it在 hate，like，love，appreciate，enjoy，take，have，depend on，rely on，count on等動(dòng)詞后作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替其后的賓語(yǔ)從句。I hate it when he talks with his mouth full．我討厭他嘴里塞滿了東西跟人說(shuō)話。I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestion into consideration．如果你能考慮我的建議，我將感激不盡。(2)在一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中，用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。take it for granted that...認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然的see to it that...確保……owe it to...that...多虧……/幸虧……He seemed to take it for granted that he should speak as a representative．他似乎理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為他應(yīng)當(dāng)作為代表發(fā)言。Would you see to it that she gets home early 你能保證她早早到家嗎？I owe it to my teacher that I made such rapid progress．多虧了我的老師，我才取得了這么快的進(jìn)步。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①He disliked it _____ she behaved badly before his mother．②She can't stand __ when she is kept waiting．③As is known to all，we should take __ into account that we lose something else while we gain something．whenitit④65%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候聽(tīng)英文歌更有效率。65% of the students _________________________________________when learning English．⑤如果你考慮我的邀請(qǐng)，我將不勝感激。___________________ you would consider my invitation．⑥我認(rèn)為躺在床上看書是不好的，這對(duì)你的眼睛有很大的傷害。I ____________________ in bed，which does great harm to your eyes．consider it more efficient to listen to English songsI'd appreciate it ifthink it no good reading短文語(yǔ)境填空I think 1．__ important to protect the environment．But some people take it for granted 2．____ the resources are endless，which has caused great harm to nature．Other people feel 3．__ urgent 4．______________(preserve) the environment and save resources．Therefore，we should see to 5．__ that effective measures should be taken to prevent pollution．At last，I think 6．__ our duty to protect the earth．itthatitto preserveitit①pleasure n．[C]樂(lè)事，快事②on behalf of代表③association n．[C]協(xié)會(huì)，社團(tuán)，聯(lián)盟④make it獲得成功⑤stretch v．延伸，綿延課下預(yù)習(xí) 第二篇課文(Developing ideas)⑥legendary adj．傳說(shuō)的，傳奇的⑦be named after...以……命名⑧capture the imagination啟發(fā)想象力capture v．引起(注意、想象、興趣)⑨meet two criteria符合兩個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)criterion n．[C](pl．criteria)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，準(zhǔn)則⑩rare locations罕見(jiàn)的地方rare adj．稀有的，罕見(jiàn)的rarely adv．罕有，很少，不常 biological processes生物學(xué)過(guò)程biological adj．生物的，與生物有關(guān)的biology n．[U]生物學(xué)；生理biologist n．[C]生物學(xué)家 apparently adv．據(jù)說(shuō)；看來(lái)，似乎apparent adj．顯而易見(jiàn)，明白易懂，顯然 rise v．[熟詞生義] 凸起，隆起，上升 the vast range巨大的變動(dòng)范圍vast adj．巨大的；廣大的range n．(變動(dòng)或浮動(dòng)的)范圍，界限，區(qū)間 altitude n．[C，usually sing．]海拔(高度) variation n．[C，U]差異；變化 climatic conditions氣候條件climatic changes氣候變化climatic adj．與某一地區(qū)氣候有關(guān)的conditions n．[pl．](影響某事發(fā)生的)物質(zhì)環(huán)境，狀態(tài)，條件 a variety of各種各樣的variety n．[sing．](同一事物的)不同種類，多種式樣 slide n．[C]幻燈片a slide show 幻燈片放映 represent v．等于，相當(dāng)于，意味著 additionally adv．另外，額外additional adj．附加的，額外的 brave v．[熟詞生義]勇敢面對(duì)，冒(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))，經(jīng)受(困難) double v．(使)加倍，是……的兩倍 home-made adj．自制的，家里做的 elsewhere adv．在別處；去別處 the invasion of foreign species外來(lái)物種的入侵/涌入invasion n．[C，U]侵犯，入侵；涌入invade v．(尤指造成損害或混亂地)涌入，侵襲；武裝入侵，侵略，侵犯 coexist with...與……共存，(尤指)與……和平共處coexist v．共存，共處 secure adj．穩(wěn)固的，可靠的；安全的security n．[U]安全；平安 in return作為回報(bào) contribute v．增加，增進(jìn)，添加(到某物)WHY SHENNONGJIA Good morning，everyone．It is my great pleasure① to give a lecture here on behalf of② the Be at One with Nature Association③．[1]As we know，in 2016，Shennongjia made it④ onto the UNESCO World Heritage List．But there are so many important places not yet on this list．So you might ask: why Shennongjia [2]Is it itsforests that stretch⑤ on and on like great green seas？Is it the legendary⑥ father of Chinese herbal medicine，Shennong，after whom the park is named⑦？Or is it the mysterious creature called “Yeren” (wild man) that has captured the imagination⑧ of the world [1]此處是as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，意為“眾所周知”。[2]本句用來(lái)回答why Shennongjia這個(gè)問(wèn)題。that在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞its forests。UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria⑨[3]required by the list．It contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species to live and prosper．[4]It is also one of the rare locations⑩ in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve．[3]此處是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾two criteria。[4]本句是主從復(fù)合句。where在此引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞one of the rare locations，該定語(yǔ)從句中又包含了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞processes。在that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，又包含了一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。For the first criterion，Shennongjia is apparently one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world．The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3，000 metres above sea level，giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”．The vast range in altitude results in a great variation in climatic conditions ．This allows a wide variety of species to thrive．Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years，and are regarded as living fossils．For the second criterion，we can see that Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity．Look at this slide ．According to official statistics，over 3，000 plant species have been recorded there．This represents more than ten per cent of China's total floral richness．Shennongjia supports more than 600 vertebrate species，including the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey and the Clouded Leopard．Additionally ，around 4，300 insect species have been recorded．It is a challenge to look after so many species．In winter，scientists brave heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey．Thanks to their efforts，the monkey's population has doubled since the 1980s．Their number reached over 1，300 in 2015 and continues to grow．But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people，who take things from nature without causing damage．I visited a local village which is known for its home-made honey．What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee．Every spring，the villagers place beehives around their houses to attract these wild bees from the forest．Although endangered elsewhere in China due to the invasion of foreign species ，the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with the local people for centuries．By providing the bees with a secure home，the villagers collect their honey in return ．This is just one of the ways in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony with nature．All of this explains why Shennongjia earned—and deserves—its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List，as well as highlighting how understanding，awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world．Thank you for listening．Now，does anyone have any questions？為什么是神農(nóng)架？大家早上好。我很開(kāi)心能代表人與自然和諧相處協(xié)會(huì)在這里發(fā)表演講。眾所周知，神農(nóng)架在2016年正式入選聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。世界上重要的地方那么多，但許多都沒(méi)有被列入該名單。所以你可能會(huì)問(wèn)：為什么是神農(nóng)架？是因?yàn)樗鼡碛邢窬G色海洋般廣袤的森林嗎？還是因?yàn)樗且灾袊?guó)草藥之父神農(nóng)命名？抑或是因?yàn)樯衩氐摹耙叭恕蔽巳澜绲哪抗猓?br/>聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織令神農(nóng)架入選是因?yàn)樗先脒x名錄的兩項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：第一，它擁有一個(gè)自然平衡的環(huán)境，使許多不同的物種得以生存和繁衍。第二，它也是世界上人跡罕至之地之一，科學(xué)家們可以實(shí)時(shí)觀察到植物和動(dòng)物發(fā)展和進(jìn)化過(guò)程中的生態(tài)學(xué)和生物學(xué)過(guò)程。就第一項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而言，我們可以自豪地說(shuō)神農(nóng)架是世界上最“完整”的自然區(qū)域之一。該地區(qū)的海拔從大約400米上升到3 000多米，被稱為“華中屋脊”。海拔的巨大差異導(dǎo)致了迥然不同的氣候環(huán)境，使得大量不同的物種得以繁衍生息。一些動(dòng)植物生存了數(shù)百萬(wàn)年，被視為活化石。對(duì)于第二個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，我們可以看到神農(nóng)架有著極其豐富的生物多樣性。請(qǐng)看這張幻燈片。根據(jù)官方統(tǒng)計(jì)，在神農(nóng)架內(nèi)有記錄的植物物種超過(guò)3 000種，占到了中國(guó)全部開(kāi)花植物的10%以上。神農(nóng)架還有600多種脊椎動(dòng)物，包括川金絲猴和云豹。此外，有記錄的昆蟲(chóng)物種也達(dá)到了4 300種左右。照顧如此多的物種是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。冬季，科學(xué)家們不畏暴雪和嚴(yán)寒為川金絲猴提供食物。也正是因?yàn)樗麄兊母冻觯ń鸾z猴的數(shù)量相比于20世紀(jì)80年代增加了一倍，到2015年達(dá)到1 300多只，而且其數(shù)量還在持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。不過(guò)神農(nóng)架令人印象最深的地方還在于當(dāng)?shù)厝说纳罘绞剑麄儚拇笞匀恢兴魅。粫?huì)破壞生態(tài)平衡。我去了一個(gè)以自制蜂蜜而聞名的當(dāng)?shù)卮迩f參觀。這種蜂蜜的獨(dú)特之處在于它是由最古老的一種中華蜜蜂產(chǎn)的。每年春天，村民們就會(huì)在自家周圍放置一些蜂箱，吸引森林中的野生蜜蜂。雖然在中國(guó)的其他地區(qū)，由于外來(lái)物種入侵，這種蜜蜂瀕臨滅絕，但是神農(nóng)架的人們已經(jīng)和這種蜜蜂共存了幾個(gè)世紀(jì)。村民為它們提供安全住所，蜜蜂為人們提供蜂蜜。這只是神農(nóng)架的人們與自然和諧相處的方式之一。以上這些解釋了為什么神農(nóng)架能夠并理應(yīng)入選聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》，同時(shí)也強(qiáng)調(diào)了人們的理解、認(rèn)識(shí)和付出是如何促進(jìn)對(duì)這一自然界獨(dú)特且美好區(qū)域的保護(hù)的。感謝大家的聆聽(tīng)。現(xiàn)在大家有什么問(wèn)題嗎？THANKS 展開(kāi)更多...... 收起↑ 資源列表 Unit 5 Period 4 .docx Unit 5 Period 4單元語(yǔ)法講練(Using language).pptx 縮略圖、資源來(lái)源于二一教育資源庫(kù)
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