資源簡介

Period 2　 課文整體閱讀(Understanding ideas)
Ⅰ．文章大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist．
B．Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his theory of evolution．
C．Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time．
D．Darwin's unlucky journey confirmed his theory that humans had evolved over time．
Ⅱ．篇章結構
1．What do we know about Charles Darwin from the first paragraph
A．He was regarded too young at that time．
B．He didn't even finish his medical degree．
C．Darwin's father wrote to dissuade(勸阻) him．
D．He knew the captain of the Beagle very well．
2．Why did Darwin's book On the Origin of Species cause a storm
A．Because Darwin's father considered it a failure．
B．Because the book referred to something about humans．
C．Because people used to believe that all species had happened on Earth at the same time．
D．Because Darwin's theory was short of evidence．
3．Which words can be used to describe Charles Darwin
A．Observant and dedicated．
B．Diligent and humorous．
C．Devoted and warm-hearted．
D．Modest and responsible．
4．What did Charles Darwin base his theory on
A．Doing experiments．
B．Scientific research．
C．Traditional beliefs．
D．Famous sayings．
5．From which is the text probably taken
A．A news report．
B．A research paper．
C．A travel brochure．
D．A science magazine．
1．Why did Darwin's father think he was a disgrace to his family
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．What's your understanding of the sentence in the third paragraph“It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．”？
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．distant adj．遙遠的；遠處的；疏遠的；冷淡的；不友好的；恍惚的；遠親的
①(教材原句)The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”． ____________
②Jack sounded very cold and distant on the phone． ____________
③It was after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin． ____________
④There was a distant look in her eyes；her mind was obviously on something else． ____________
2．sample n．樣本，樣品；(化驗的)取樣 v．品嘗；嘗試；取樣；采樣
①(教材原句)After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected． ____________
②12% of the children sampled said they preferred cats to dogs． ____________
③I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time． ____________
④They took samples from his hair for DNA testing． ____________
3．Turner's opponent in the quarter-final is the number one seed． ____________
4．The company has evolved over the years into a multi-million dollar organization． ____________
5．Wind turbines generate electricity for the local communities． ____________
Ⅱ．詞塊積累
1． ________________　第一選擇
2．________________ 醫學院
3．________________ 更有甚者；而且
4．________________ 有史以來；自古以來
5．________________ 尋找
6．________________ 引起轟動
7．________________ 同時
8．________________ 被認為是
9．________________ 開始于……
Ⅲ．寫作佳句
1．貝格爾號的船長想要招募這樣一名船員，這名船員將能“借此機會訪問遙遠而鮮為人知的國度并從中受益”。
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“________________________ visiting distant countries yet little known”．
2．然而來應聘的人并不是船長心中的理想人選。
____________________________________ was not the captain's first choice．
3．我們提到的這個年輕人就是地質學家和博物學家查爾斯·達爾文，他對巖石和動植物有著濃厚的興趣。
________________________，Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，________________________ rocks，plants and animals．
4．很多人拒絕相信包括人在內的所有生命都是從更低級的生命形式進化而來的。他們對此感到震驚。
Many people ____________________ that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．____________________．
Ⅳ.長難語句
1．When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most．
[分析]　“When the Beagle...in 1835”為____________從句；主句是由but連接的兩個________句，其中第二個分句“it was the birds that interested him the most”為________句型。
[翻譯]　____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．
[分析]　句子的主干為“Darwin suspected”，其后的“that the finches...ancestor”為________從句，“which had arrived...before”為________________從句，修飾先行詞________________。
[翻譯]　_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ．課文語法填空
Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance 1．____________ (study) various living things in their natural environments．
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time，and 2．____________ (change) since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 3．____________ each other．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，it 4．____________ (be) the birds that interested Darwin the most．He suspected that the 5．____________ (finch) had evolved from a common ancestor，6．____________ had arrived on the islands a long time before．
It was a 7．____________ (complete) new idea—a theory of evolution．Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species．Many people refused to believe that living things，8．____________ (include) humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing 9．____________ more and more people started to believe his theory．
Today，the book is regarded as one of the most important works ever 10．____________ (write)．
　　　　　　　　　　　　　
①distant countries yet little known遙遠而鮮為人知的國度
②answer the call響應號召
③one's first choice某人的首選
④what's more更有甚者；而且
⑤one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time有史以來最重要的科學發現之一
⑥in question討論中的，有疑問
⑦Charles Darwin查爾斯·達爾文(1809年2月12日至1882年4月19日)，英國生物學家，進化論的奠基人，出版《物種起源》。
⑧(be) fascinated by對……入迷；被……迷住
⑨be crowded with堆滿；擠滿；充滿
⑩come to exist出現；產生
at the same time同時
be similar to和……相似
adapt to their changing environments適應它們不斷變化的環境
Galápagos Islands加拉帕戈斯群島
a variety of new species各種各樣的新物種
according to根據，按照
over time隨著時間推移
the answer to...……的答案
a theory of evolution進化論
be regarded as被認為是
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known①”．The person who answered the call② was not the captain's first choice③.It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree．What's more④，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．[1]Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time⑤.
[1]句中的that he would be...是that引導的賓語從句，作predicting的賓語。
The young man in question⑥，Charles Darwin⑦，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by⑧ rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments．After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with⑨ samples of the plants and animals he had collected．As he studied these，he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist⑩？
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time ，and had not changed since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other．Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments ？It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species ，but it was the birds that interested him the most[2].Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands．It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island．[3]
[2]此處“it was...that...”為強調句型，強調主語the birds。
[3]句中的what引導賓語從句，作介詞to的賓語。
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．[4]Over time ，it had slowly evolved into many new species．And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from earlier ancestors．
[4]that引導賓語從句；which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a common ancestor。
It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution .Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species[5].It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm．Many people refused to believe that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．They were shocked．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory．[6]
[5]On the Origin of Species是his book的同位語。
[6]so...that...“如此……以至于”，引導結果狀語從句。
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written [7].It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever．And it all began with the journey on the Beagle．
[7]ever written為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾works，相當于定語從句that were ever written。
發現之旅
貝格爾號的船長想要招募這樣一名船員，這名船員將能“借此機會訪問遙遠而鮮為人知的國度并從中受益”。然而來應聘的人并不是船長心中的理想人選。這個年輕人從醫學院肄業，并且在他剛收到的家書中，父親預言他將會成為“自己和全家人的恥辱”。盡管如此，他的這次乘船探險之旅將帶來有史以來最重要的一項科學發現。
我們提到的這個年輕人就是地質學家和博物學家查爾斯·達爾文，他對巖石和動植物有著濃厚的興趣。1831年，他搭乘貝格爾號從英格蘭啟程。這趟旅程給了他研究自然環境中各種生物的契機。在南美洲度過一段時間后，他的船艙里堆滿了收集到的動植物樣本。當他研究這些樣本時，他產生了疑問：這些不同的物種是如何產生的？
當時，人們認為所有的物種都是同時出現在地球上的，并從此再無變化。但達爾文開始有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物種的動物彼此間很相似。也許動物為了適應不斷變化的環境會逐漸進化？雖然這只是一個設想，但足夠鼓舞達爾文去尋求更多證據。
1835年，當貝格爾號抵達加拉帕戈斯群島的時候，達爾文發現了各種各樣的新物種，但是其中最令他感興趣的是鳥類。達爾文注意到，在群島中的每一個小島上，雀鳥之間有所不同。它們的喙似乎是根據所在島嶼上可覓得的食物進化而來的。
達爾文猜想，這里所有的雀鳥都由共同的祖先進化而來。很久以前，雀鳥的祖先來到這片群島，隨著時間推移，慢慢進化成許多新的種類。于是，關于動植物的新種類是如何產生的這個問題就有了答案：它們是從早期的祖先進化而來的。
這是一個全新的觀點——進化論。達爾文在他的《物種起源》一書中對此進行了解釋。這本書直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起了轟動。很多人拒絕相信包括人在內的所有生命都是從更低級的生命形式進化而來的。他們對此感到震驚。然而達爾文的科學研究很有說服力，越來越多的人開始相信他的理論。
如今，《物種起源》被認為是迄今為止最重要的著作之一。它徹底地改變了人類對于地球上生命的認識。而這一切都開始于貝格爾號的探索之旅。
Period 2
課文理解
Task 1　整體理解
Ⅰ．B
Ⅱ．1．medical　2．disgrace　3.1831　4．samples　5．evolved　6．evolution　7.1859　8．important
Task 2　細節理解
1－5　BCABD
Task 3　多維探究
略
課文精粹
Ⅰ．1．①遙遠的　②疏遠的；冷淡的　③遠親的　④恍惚的
2．①n．樣本　②v．取樣；采樣　③v．品嘗；嘗試　④n．(化驗的)取樣
3．n．種子選手　4．v．逐步發展　5．v．產生
Ⅱ．1．first choice　2．medical school　3．what's more　4．of all time　5．look for　6．cause a storm　7．at the same time　8．be regarded as　9．begin with
Ⅲ．1．profit by the opportunity of　2．The person who answered the call　3．The young man in question；fascinated by　4．refused to believe；They were shocked
Ⅳ．1．分析：時間狀語；并列；強調
翻譯：1835年，當貝格爾號抵達加拉帕戈斯群島的時候，達爾文發現了各種各樣的新物種，但是其中最令他感興趣的是鳥類。
2．分析：賓語；非限制性定語；a common ancestor
翻譯：達爾文猜想，這里所有的雀鳥都由共同的祖先進化而來。很久以前，雀鳥的祖先來到這片群島。
Ⅴ．1．to study　2．had not changed　3．to　4．was　5．finches　6．which　7．completely　8．including　9．that　10．written
8 / 8(共38張PPT)
復習任務群一
現代文閱讀Ⅰ
把握共性之“新”　打通應考之“脈”
Unit 5　
Revealing nature
主題語境　人與自然——自然科學研究成果
Period 2　課時練案 課文整體閱讀(Understanding ideas)
√
Ⅰ．文章大意
What's the main idea of the text
A．Darwin's interest in various living things made him a great naturalist．
B．Darwin's journey on the Beagle inspired his theory of evolution．
C．Darwin went on a journey to confirm his theory that humans had evolved over time．
D．Darwin's unlucky journey confirmed his theory that humans had evolved over time．
Ⅱ．篇章結構
medical
disgrace
1831
samples
evolved
evolution
1859
important
√
1．What do we know about Charles Darwin from the first paragraph
A．He was regarded too young at that time．
B．He didn't even finish his medical degree．
C．Darwin's father wrote to dissuade (勸阻) him．
D．He knew the captain of the Beagle very well．
√
2．Why did Darwin's book On the Origin of Species cause a storm
A．Because Darwin's father considered it a failure．
B．Because the book referred to something about humans．
C．Because people used to believe that all species had happened on Earth at the same time．
D．Because Darwin's theory was short of evidence．
3．Which words can be used to describe Charles Darwin
A．Observant and dedicated．
B．Diligent and humorous．
C．Devoted and warm-hearted．
D．Modest and responsible．
√
4．What did Charles Darwin base his theory on
A．Doing experiments．
B．Scientific research．
C．Traditional beliefs．
D．Famous sayings．
√
5．From which is the text probably taken
A．A news report．
B．A research paper．
C．A travel brochure．
D．A science magazine．
√
1．Why did Darwin's father think he was a disgrace to his family
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2．What's your understanding of the sentence in the third paragraph“It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．”？
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
[答案]　略
Ⅰ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．distant adj．遙遠的；遠處的；疏遠的；冷淡的；不友好的；恍惚的；遠親的
①(教材原句)The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known”． ______
②Jack sounded very cold and distant on the phone． ______________
遙遠的
疏遠的；冷淡的
③It was after a family conversation that I found out she was actually my distant cousin． ______
④There was a distant look in her eyes；her mind was obviously on something else． ______
遠親的
恍惚的
2．sample n．樣本，樣品；(化驗的)取樣 v．品嘗；嘗試；取樣；采樣
①(教材原句)After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected． _______
②12% of the children sampled said they preferred cats to dogs． _____________
n．樣本
v．取樣；采樣
③I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time． _____________
④They took samples from his hair for DNA testing． ________________
3．Turner's opponent in the quarter-final is the number one seed． ___________
4．The company has evolved over the years into a multi-million dollar organization． ___________
5．Wind turbines generate electricity for the local communities． _______
v．品嘗；嘗試
n．(化驗的)取樣
n．種子選手
v．逐步發展
v．產生
Ⅱ．詞塊積累
1．____________第一選擇
2．______________醫學院
3．____________更有甚者；而且
4．___________有史以來；自古以來
5．________尋找
first choice
medical school
what's more
of all time
look for
6．_____________引起轟動
7．________________同時
8．______________被認為是
9．__________開始于……
cause a storm
at the same time
be regarded as
begin with
Ⅲ．寫作佳句
1．貝格爾號的船長想要招募這樣一名船員，這名船員將能“借此機會訪問遙遠而鮮為人知的國度并從中受益”。
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“____________________________ visiting distant countries yet little known”．
2．然而來應聘的人并不是船長心中的理想人選。
______________________________ was not the captain's first choice．
profit by the opportunity of
The person who answered the call
3．我們提到的這個年輕人就是地質學家和博物學家查爾斯·達爾文，他對巖石和動植物有著濃厚的興趣。
_________________________，Charles Darwin，was a geologist and naturalist，_____________ rocks，plants and animals．
4．很多人拒絕相信包括人在內的所有生命都是從更低級的生命形式進化而來的。他們對此感到震驚。
Many people __________________ that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．_________________．
The young man in question
fascinated by
refused to believe
They were shocked
Ⅳ．長難語句
1．When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species，but it was the birds that interested him the most．
[分析]　“When the Beagle...in 1835”為________從句；主句是由but連接的兩個____句，其中第二個分句“it was the birds that interested him the most”為____句型。
[翻譯]　_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
時間狀語
并列
強調
1835年，當貝格爾號抵達加拉帕戈斯群島的時候，達爾文發現了各種各樣的新物種，但是其中最令他感興趣的是鳥類。
2．Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．
[分析]　句子的主干為“Darwin suspected”，其后的“that the finches...ancestor”為____從句，“which had arrived...before”為____________從句，修飾先行詞_________________。
[翻譯]　____________________________________________________________________________________
賓語
非限制性定語
a common ancestor
達爾文猜想，這里所有的雀鳥都由共同的祖先進化而來。很久以前，雀鳥的祖先來到這片群島。
Ⅴ．課文語法填空
Charles Darwin was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance 1．________ (study) various living things in their natural environments．
to study
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time，and 2．_______________ (change) since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 3．__ each other．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，it 4．___ (be) the birds that interested Darwin the most．He suspected that the 5．_______ (finch) had evolved from a common ancestor，6．_____ had arrived on the islands a long time before．
had not changed
to
was
finches
which
It was a 7．__________ (complete) new idea—a theory of evolution．Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species．Many people refused to believe that living things，8．_________ (include) humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing 9．____ more and more people started to believe his theory．
Today，the book is regarded as one of the most important works ever 10．_______ (write)．
completely
including
that
written
①distant countries yet little known 遙遠而鮮為人知的國度
②answer the call 響應號召
③one's first choice某人的首選
④what's more更有甚者；而且
⑤one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time有史以來最重要的科學發現之一
⑥in question討論中的，有疑問
⑦Charles Darwin
查爾斯·達爾文(1809年2月12日至1882年4月19日)，英國生物學家，進化論的奠基人，出版《物種起源》。
⑧(be) fascinated by對……入迷；被……迷住
⑨be crowded with堆滿；擠滿；充滿
⑩come to exist 出現；產生
at the same time同時
be similar to 和……相似
adapt to their changing environments適應它們不斷變化的環境
Galápagos Islands加拉帕戈斯群島
a variety of new species各種各樣的新物種
according to 根據，按照
over time隨著時間推移
the answer to...……的答案
a theory of evolution進化論
be regarded as 被認為是
A Journey of Discovery
The captain of the ship，the Beagle，wanted someone who would“profit by the opportunity of visiting distant countries yet little known①”．The person who answered the call② was not the captain's first choice③．It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree．What's more④，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be“a disgrace to yourself and all your family”．[1]Despite all this，his adventures on this ship would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time⑤．
[1]句中的that he would be...是that引導的賓語從句，作predicting的賓語。
The young man in question⑥，Charles Darwin⑦，was a geologist and naturalist，fascinated by⑧ rocks，plants and animals．He left England on the ship，the Beagle，in 1831．The journey gave him the chance to study various living things in their natural environments．After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with⑨ samples of the plants and animals he had collected．As he studied these，he asked himself the question：how did different species come to exist⑩？
At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time ，and had not changed since．But Darwin began to think differently．He noticed that some species of animals were very similar to each other．Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their changing environments ？It was just an idea，but enough to inspire Darwin to look for more evidence．
When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835，Darwin saw a variety of new species ，but it was the birds that interested him the most[2]．Darwin noticed that there was a difference between the finches on each of the islands．It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island．[3]
[2]此處“it was...that...”為強調句型，強調主語the birds。
[3]句中的what引導賓語從句，作介詞to的賓語。
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor，which had arrived on the islands a long time before．[4]Over time ，it had slowly evolved into many new species．And that was the answer to how new species of plants and animals came to exist：they evolved from earlier ancestors．
[4]that引導賓語從句；which引導非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a common ancestor。
It was a completely new idea—a theory of evolution ．Darwin explained this theory in his book，On the Origin of Species[5]．It was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm．Many people refused to believe that living things，including humans，had evolved from lower forms of life．They were shocked．But Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people started to believe his theory．[6]
[5]On the Origin of Species是his book的同位語。
[6]so...that...“如此……以至于”，引導結果狀語從句。
Today，On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever written [7]．It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever．And it all began with the journey on the Beagle．
[7]ever written為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾works，相當于定語從句that were ever written。
發現之旅
貝格爾號的船長想要招募這樣一名船員，這名船員將能“借此機會訪問遙遠而鮮為人知的國度并從中受益”。然而來應聘的人并不是船長心中的理想人選。這個年輕人從醫學院肄業，并且在他剛收到的家書中，父親預言他將會成為“自己和全家人的恥辱”。盡管如此，他的這次乘船探險之旅將帶來有史以來最重要的一項科學發現
我們提到的這個年輕人就是地質學家和博物學家查爾斯·達爾文，他對巖石和動植物有著濃厚的興趣。1831年，他搭乘貝格爾號從英格蘭啟程。這趟旅程給了他研究自然環境中各種生物的契機。在南美洲度過一段時間后，他的船艙里堆滿了收集到的動植物樣本。當他研究這些樣本時，他產生了疑問：這些不同的物種是如何產生的？
當時，人們認為所有的物種都是同時出現在地球上的，并從此再無變化。但達爾文開始有了不同的想法。他注意到，有些不同物種的動物彼此間很相似。也許動物為了適應不斷變化的環境會逐漸進化？雖然這只是一個設想，但足夠鼓舞達爾文去尋求更多證據。
1835年，當貝格爾號抵達加拉帕戈斯群島的時候，達爾文發現了各種各樣的新物種，但是其中最令他感興趣的是鳥類。達爾文注意到，在群島中的每一個小島上，雀鳥之間有所不同。它們的喙似乎是根據所在島嶼上可覓得的食物進化而來的。
達爾文猜想，這里所有的雀鳥都由共同的祖先進化而來。很久以前，雀鳥的祖先來到這片群島，隨著時間推移，慢慢進化成許多新的種類。于是，關于動植物的新種類是如何產生的這個問題就有了答案：它們是從早期的祖先進化而來的。
這是一個全新的觀點——進化論。達爾文在他的《物種起源》一書中對此進行了解釋。這本書直到1859年才出版，出版后立即引起了轟動。很多人拒絕相信包括人在內的所有生命都是從更低級的生命形式進化而來的。他們對此感到震驚。然而達爾文的科學研究很有說服力，越來越多的人開始相信他的理論。
如今，《物種起源》被認為是迄今為止最重要的著作之一。它徹底地改變了人類對于地球上生命的認識。而這一切都開始于貝格爾號的探索之旅。
謝 謝！

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