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Period 5　 課文整體教學(Developing ideas)
Ⅰ．文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．It compares two different kinds of humour．
B．It tells us how to be a humorous person．
C．It introduces the story of two writers as well as their works．
D．It introduces two masters in literature who have a great sense of humour．
Ⅱ．篇章結構
1．What did Twain's response to the barber's question imply
A．He gave the lecture himself．
B．He couldn't get a ticket to every lecture．
C．He had to stand because of his bad luck．
D．He didn't like the fellow that lectured．
2．What did Wang conclude in his essay“On Humour”？
A．The world is full of boring things．
B．The world is full of sad things．
C．The world is full of amusing things．
D．The world is full of scary things．
3．How does the author introduce Mark Twain and Wang's humour
A．By making comparison．
B．By giving examples．
C．By asking questions．
D．By giving figures．
4．What did both Twain and Wang understand about humour
A．It's just about laughter．
B．It's a way of life and a tool to illuminate the world．
C．It's not important in life．
D．It's only for making people happy．
1．Do you think Wang Zengqi's jokes funny Give your reasons．
_____________________________________________________________________
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2．How can you develop a sense of humour
_____________________________________________________________________
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Ⅰ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．brand n．品牌，牌子；類型 v．加商標(或形象、身份等)于；(尤指不公正地)丑化(某人)；給(牲畜)打烙印
①(教材原句)...Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour．____________
②You pay less for the supermarket's own brand．____________
③On big farms cattle are usually branded．____________
2．conclude v．作出……結論，推斷出，斷定；結束，終止；締結(協定)
①(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”____________
②A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh．____________
③From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no atmosphere．____________
④They concluded a treaty with Turkey．____________
3．Study harder from now on，or you will fall behind the others．____________
4．He remarked that the book was interesting and worth reading．____________
Ⅱ．詞塊積累
1．________________ 　日常互動
2．________________ 表示不悅
3．________________ 像……一樣短
4．________________ 一帆風順
5．________________ 保持對生活的熱情
Ⅲ．寫作佳句
1．Writing is easy．____________________ cross out the wrong words．
寫作很容易，你只需要把錯誤的單詞劃掉就行。
2．The barber，____________________，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture．
理發師沒有認出他，問他有沒有這場演講的門票。
3．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and ________________________________________________．
馬克·吐溫和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不僅僅是歡笑，還是一種生活方式，是可以用來照亮世界的工具。
4．The world gave me its love first，so I ____________________________________．
世界先給了我愛，我不能不愛它。
Ⅳ.長難語句
1．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues．
[分析]　本句為主從復合句。本句中“While these same...then”為while引導的____________從句，在此從句中“as they were then”為as引導的____________從句；“that humour could not...issues”為that引導的____________從句。
[翻譯]　_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2．When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．
[分析]　本句為主從復合句。本句的主干是______________。“When Twain replied that he didn't”為when引導的__________從句，其中“that he didn't”作replied的________；“that if he wanted to go to...in the theatre”為that引導的________從句，其中“if he wanted...the event”為________從句；“as there were...theatre”為____________從句。
[翻譯]　_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
[分析]　本句為主從復合句，句中“to introduce several humorous examples of famous people”是____________，“concluding that...”是動詞-ing形式短語作____________。
[翻譯]　_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Ⅴ．課文語法填空
Humour 1．____________ (be) an essential part of human 2．____________ (behave) for thousands of years．It could not only entertain but also throw new light 3．____________ sensitive or emotive issues．Closer to modern times，someone who 4．____________ (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious 5．____________ (message) is Mark Twain．But on 6．____________ other side of the world，Wang Zengqi became famous for his own unique brand of humour．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool 7．____________ can be used to illuminate the world．Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be 8．____________ (complicate) and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our 9．____________ (enthusiastic) for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest 10．____________ (bless)”．
1．(教材原句)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people．
*remark n．言論；意見，評論 vt．& vi．談論；評論；說起(remarkable adj．引人注目的，顯著的，非凡的 remarkably adv．非凡地，顯著地)
(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 就……發表意見，
對……評頭論足
make no remark 不發表評論
(2)remark that... 評論……
remark on/upon/about 對……發表評論/意見
單句語法填空/單句寫作
①It's rude to make remarks ____________ the appearance of others．
②Some animals have a ____________ (remark) ability to adapt to the changing environment．
③(讀后續寫之動作和情緒描寫)老師評論了我的文章并補充說寫得很好，這讓我很自豪。
The teacher ________________________________，adding that it was well written，which made me very proud．
④(應用文寫作之活動介紹)短片結束后，每個班應該進行一次討論，所有的學生都被期待發表評論，表達他們對這部短片的看法。
After the short film，each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
2．(教材原句)Despite life's ups and downs，his works consistently convey optimism．
*consistently adv．一貫地；一致地(consistent adj．始終如一的；一致的 consistency n．一致性，連貫性)
單句語法填空/單句寫作
①Her work is sometimes good，but the problem is she's not ____________ (consist)．
②Happiness does not consist ____________ how many possessions you own．
③(應用文寫作之人物描寫)她始終如一地、滿懷激情地追尋夢想，激勵著周圍的每一個人。
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with passion，inspiring everyone around her．
3．(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
*conclude v．作出……結論，推斷出；(使)結束，終止 (conclusion n．結論)
(1)conclude sth．with sth．/by doing sth． 以……結束……
conclude sth．from sth．/from sth．that... 從……中推斷出……
to conclude 最后
(2)come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出結論
in conclusion 最后，總而言之
單句語法填空/單句寫作/一句多譯
①He concluded ____________ their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan．
②____________ conclusion，only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow．
③(應用文寫作之活動介紹)他以一句著名的諺語結束了他的演講：“有志者，事竟成。”
He ________________________________，“Where there is a will，there is a way．”
④(讀后續寫之主旨升華)我從我自己的經歷中得出了一個結論：患難見真情。
a．I ____________________________________________________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclusion)
b．I ____________________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclude)
4．(教材原句)When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face，he falls behind with his work．
*fall behind不能按時完成(工作)
fall far behind　　　 遠遠落后
fall behind with 拖欠；在……方面落后
fall apart 破碎；破裂；崩潰
fall down 跌倒；倒塌
fall off 減少；跌落；下降
fall over 摔倒，倒下
fall asleep 睡著
單句語法填空/單句寫作
①She lost her balance and fell __________ the bicycle when cycling round the corner．
②My neighbor complained to the center that he couldn't fall ____________ because of the noise nearby．
③(讀后續寫之心理描寫)她害怕在比賽中落后。
She ________________________ in the race．
④(讀后續寫之動作描寫)他倒在地上，咬著牙，雙手顫抖。
He ________________________，with his teeth set and hands trembling．
詞匯 1．optimism n．樂觀；樂觀主義 2．interaction n．交流 3．amusing adj．逗人發笑的，好笑的，有趣的 4．gentle adj．和藹友善的，溫和的，溫柔的 5．enthusiasm n．熱情，熱忱
微練 1．她溫柔地對受驚的孩子說話，以讓他平靜下來。 She __________________ to the frightened child to calm him down． 2．團隊內部的積極互動可以極大地提高效率。 ____________________ within the team can improve efficiency greatly． 3．樂觀是打開通往無限可能之門的鑰匙。 ____________________ that unlocks the door to endless possibilities． 4．志愿者們對幫助偏遠地區的窮人們表現出很大的熱情。 Volunteers ________________________________ helping the poor in remote areas． 5．馬戲團的表演太有趣了，所以觀眾們一直在笑。 The circus performance was ____________________ the audience laughed all the time．
1．(教材原句)Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour．
*不定式作表語
“be＋to do結構”用法歸納如下：
(1)表示按約定、計劃、職責、義務、要求等即將發生的動作。
(2)表示必須或應該，在意思上相當于must、should、ought to或have to。
(3)表示不可避免將要發生的事或命中注定的事。
(4)如果主語是以aim、duty、hope、idea、happiness、job、plan、problem、purpose、thing、wish等為中心的名詞或what引導的名詞性從句，不定式作表語是對主語起補充說明的作用。
單句寫作
①(應用文寫作之建議信)重要的是學會控制你的情緒。
The important thing is ____________________________________．
②(應用文寫作之計劃安排)我計劃做的第一件事是在快餐店做兼職。
The first thing I plan to do is ________________________ in a fast-food restaurant．
③(應用文寫作之演講稿)我的夢想是成為一名教師，這是我心中的一顆指路星。
My dream，which is as a guiding star in my heart，is ____________________________
_____________________________________.
2．(教材原句)In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character．
*the way＋定語從句
(1)way作“方式，方法”講，后接定語從句時有兩種情況：
①way表示“方式，方法”時，其后常接in which或that引導的定語從句，也可以將關系詞in which或that省略掉，此時關系詞在從句中作狀語。
②way后接定語從句時，如果關系詞在從句中作主語或賓語，則用關系代詞that/which，作賓語時還可以省略。
(2)way表示“方式，方法”時，其后還可接不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
單句寫作
①(應用文寫作之建議信)我想說的第一件事是，你開始談話的方式非常重要。
The first thing I would say is that ____________________________________ is very important．
②(應用文寫作之建議信)你應該記住，用英語寫日記是提高英語水平的好方法。
You should keep it in mind that keeping a diary in English is _______________________________
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①an essential part of human behaviour人類行為的重要組成部分
②be filled with...充滿……
③throw light on使(問題等)較容易理解
④be remembered for...因為……而被銘記
⑤his ability to combine humour with more serious messages他把幽默和更嚴肅的信息相結合的能力
⑥style of writing寫作風格
⑦cross out劃掉，刪掉(錯字)
⑧be equally well known for his witty remarks同樣因其風趣的言辭而聞名
⑨for instance比如，例如
⑩a lecture tour巡回演講
get a haircut and a shave理發和刮胡子
a ticket to the lecture演講的門票
just one's luck(對自己的遭遇并不驚訝)常不走運，就這運氣；真倒霉
one's own unique brand of humour 某人獨特的幽默風格
introduce several humorous examples of famous people介紹幾個名人的幽默事例
be full of...充滿……
the thought of...一想到……
by oneself獨自一人
give the best example to...是……的最佳范例
give a gentle response給出一個溫和的回應
give a speech發表演講
be scheduled to do sth．被安排做某事
start with...以……開始
a way of life一種生活方式
pour...into...注入；傾注，
The Importance of Humour
Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour①for thousands of years．There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece，and medieval writings are filled with②jokes．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on③sensitive or emotive issues．[1]
[1]連詞while引導讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然，盡管”；在該狀語從句中又包含一個as引導的比較狀語從句；that humour...issues為that引導的賓語從句，其中not only...but also...連接并列謂語。
Closer to modern times，someone who is remembered for④ his ability to combine humour with more serious messages⑤ is American writer Mark Twain．Twain's particular style of writing⑥ is funny and often mischievous．For example，in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，he famously says，“Writing is easy．All you have to do is cross out⑦ the wrong words．[2]”But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑧ in his everyday interactions with people．For instance⑨，while on a lecture tour⑩ of the United States[3]，Twain went into a barber's shop to get a haircut and a shave .The barber，not recognising him[4]，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture .When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．Twain's response was，“That's just my luck .I always have to stand when that fellow lectures！”
[2]該句中不定代詞All作主語；you have to do是省略了關系代詞that的定語從句，修飾先行詞All。由于修飾主語的定語從句中含有實義動詞do，所以作表語的動詞不定式to cross out可省略不定式符號to。
[3]此處是“連詞＋介詞短語”結構，可看作是時間狀語從句while he was on a lecture tour of the United States的省略形式。while在此意為“在……期間”。
[4]動詞-ing形式短語“not recognising him”作后置定語，修飾The barber。
Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour [5]．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people ，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things．The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud[6]，even when you're just sitting by yourself .”
[5]動詞不定式短語“to become...humour”作表語，構成“be to do”結構，表示注定要發生的事情。
[6]句中make you laugh out loud為“make＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構。
Wang believed that humour not only shows one's personality，but also reflects a person's attitude towards life．[7]He himself gives the best example to the word“humour”．One day，one of his readers flattered him by saying，“Gaoyou is famous for，first，the poet Qin Shaoyou，and second，Wang Zengqi．”Wang didn't show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response ，“No．Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me．I can only stay in the third place．”On another occasion，Wang was invited to give a speech in the US and was scheduled to speak last．He walked to the podium and began，“Unfortunately，none of today's speakers have last names starting with X，Y，or Z，so I am the last one to speak．Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired．But don't worry．My speech will be as short as a rabbit's tail．”
[7]本句是一個主從復合句。本句中的賓語從句中，humour是主語，shows和reflects是并列的謂語動詞，one's personality是shows的賓語，a person's attitude towards life是reflects的賓語。
Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world．Wang once said，“Life may be like a dream，short and uncertain．[8] But I pour my true feelings into it．The world gave me its love first，so I cannot help but love it back[9].”Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be complicated and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air[10]．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”．
[8]short and uncertain 是形容詞短語，作伴隨狀語，描述“生活”的特征，即“短暫且不確定”。
[9]“cannot help but do sth．”是一個常用的結構，意思是“不得不做某事，禁不住做某事”。
[10]almost as great as...是一個比較結構，意思是“幾乎和……一樣強烈”。our need for water and air 是比較對象，表示“我們對水和空氣的需求”。
幽默的重要性
數千年來，幽默一直是人類行為的重要組成部分。古希臘的文字中記載有喜劇，笑話也常常出現在中世紀的作品當中。雖然對現在的我們來說，這些笑話可能沒有它們在中世紀的時候那么有趣，但它們的作者明白，幽默不只是一種娛樂的方式，它還可以使人們對敏感問題或有爭議的問題產生新的認識。
到了近現代，美國作家馬克·吐溫因擅長用幽默的方式表達嚴肅的內容而著稱。他獨特的寫作風格幽默風趣，而且常常帶有調侃意味。例如，在他的經典小說《湯姆·索耶歷險記》中有一句名言：“寫作很容易，你只需要把錯誤的單詞劃掉就行。”他日常與人交流中的詼諧言論同樣出名。比如，有一次在美國做巡回演講的時候，馬克·吐溫走進一家理發店去理發和刮臉。理發師沒有認出他，問他有沒有這場演講的門票，馬克·吐溫說沒有。理發師告訴他，如果他想去聽演講就只能站著了，因為劇院里沒有多余的座位。馬克·吐溫回答說：“真倒霉。只要那個家伙演講，我總是要站著！”
和馬克·吐溫類似，不過是在世界的另一端，中國作家汪曾祺很快因其獨特的幽默風格而聲名遠揚。在他的《談幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到 600 個字介紹了幾個名人的幽默事例，并總結道：“世間充滿了有趣的事物。一想到它們，即使你獨自一人坐著，也總會讓你放聲大笑。”
汪曾祺認為，幽默不僅展現一個人的個性，還反映一個人對待生活的態度。他本人就是“幽默”一詞的最佳范例。有一天，他的一位讀者奉承他說：“高郵以詩人秦少游第一，汪曾祺第二而聞名。”汪曾祺沒有表現出任何不悅，只是溫和地回應道：“不對。高郵咸鴨蛋比我有名得多。我只能排第三。”還有一次，汪曾祺受邀在美國演講，被安排最后一個發言。他走到講臺上開口說道：“很不幸，今天演講者的姓沒有以X、Y、Z 開頭的，所以我最后一個發言。最后發言很難，因為大家都已經很累了。不過別擔心。我的演講會像兔子尾巴一樣短。”
馬克·吐溫和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不僅僅是歡笑，還是一種生活方式，是可以用來照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾說：“人生如夢，短促而虛幻。但我投入真情實意。世界先給了我愛，我不能不愛它。”生活從來都不是一帆風順的，有時可能復雜而殘酷。但幽默可以幫助我們保持對生活的熱情。事實上，有人可能會說，我們對幽默的需求幾乎和對水和空氣的需求一樣強烈。用馬克·吐溫的話來說，就是“幽默是人類最大的福氣”。
Period 5
課文理解
Task 1　整體理解
Ⅰ．D
Ⅱ．1．entertain　2．sensitive or emotive　3．combine　4．serious　5．funny　6．mischievous　7．witty　8．brand of humour　9．personality　10．attitude towards life
Task 2　細節理解
1－4　ACBB
Task 3　多維探究
略
課文精粹
Ⅰ．1．①n．類型　②n．品牌　③v．給(牲畜)打烙印
2．①作出……結論　②結束，終止　③推斷出　④締結(協定)　3．落后于　4．v．評論
Ⅱ．1．everyday interactions with　2．show displeasure　3．as short as　4．smooth sailing　5．maintain one's enthusiasm for life
Ⅲ．1．All you have to do is　2．not recognising him　3．a tool that can be used to illuminate the world　4．cannot help but love it back
Ⅳ．1．分析：讓步狀語；比較狀語；賓語
翻譯：雖然對現在的我們來說，這些笑話可能沒有它們在中世紀的時候那么有趣，但它們的作者明白，幽默不只是一種娛樂的方式，它還可以使人們對敏感問題或有爭議的問題產生新的認識。
2．分析：the barber told him；時間狀語；賓語；賓語；條件狀語；原因狀語
翻譯：當吐溫回答說他沒有(票)的時候，理發師告訴他，如果他想去聽演講就只能站著了，因為劇院里沒有多余的座位。
3．分析：目的狀語；伴隨狀語
翻譯：在他的《談幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600個字介紹了幾個名人的幽默事例，并總結道：“世間充滿了有趣的事物……”
Ⅴ．1．has been　2．behaviour　3．on　4．is remembered　5．messages　6．the　7．that　8．complicated　9．enthusiasm　10．blessing
核心詞匯
1．①on/upon　②remarkable　③made a remark on my essay　④make remarks and express their views about the short film
2．①consistent　②in　③She consistently pursues her dreams
3．①from　②In　③concluded his speech with a famous saying
④a．came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from　b．concluded from
4．①off　②asleep　③was afraid of falling behind　④fell over on the ground
要點拾遺
1．spoke gently　2．Positive interaction　3．Optimism is the key　4．show/showed great enthusiasm for　5．so amusing that
句法句式
1．①to learn to control your temper　②to do a part-time job　③to become a teacher
2．①the way that you begin the conversation　②a good way to improve/of improving your English
13 / 13(共63張PPT)
復習任務群一
現代文閱讀Ⅰ
把握共性之“新”　打通應考之“脈”
Unit 1
Laugh out loud!
主題語境　人與自我——積極的生活態度
Period 5　課時練案 課文整體教學(Developing ideas)
√
Ⅰ．文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．It compares two different kinds of humour．
B．It tells us how to be a humorous person．
C．It introduces the story of two writers as well as their works．
D．It introduces two masters in literature who have a great sense of humour．
Ⅱ．篇章結構
entertain
sensitive
combine
serious
funny
mischievous
witty
brand of humour
personality
attitude towards life
or emotive
√
1．What did Twain's response to the barber's question imply
A．He gave the lecture himself．
B．He couldn't get a ticket to every lecture．
C．He had to stand because of his bad luck．
D．He didn't like the fellow that lectured．
√
2．What did Wang conclude in his essay“On Humour”？
A．The world is full of boring things．
B．The world is full of sad things．
C．The world is full of amusing things．
D．The world is full of scary things．
√
3．How does the author introduce Mark Twain and Wang's humour
A．By making comparison．
B．By giving examples．
C．By asking questions．
D．By giving figures．
4．What did both Twain and Wang understand about humour
A．It's just about laughter．
B．It's a way of life and a tool to illuminate the world．
C．It's not important in life．
D．It's only for making people happy．
√
1．Do you think Wang Zengqi's jokes funny Give your reasons．
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
2．How can you develop a sense of humour
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[答案]　略
Ⅰ．一詞多義/熟詞生義
1．brand n．品牌，牌子；類型 v．加商標(或形象、身份等)于；(尤指不公正地)丑化(某人)；給(牲畜)打烙印
①(教材原句)...Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour． _______
②You pay less for the supermarket's own brand． _______
③On big farms cattle are usually branded． __________________
n．類型
n．品牌
v．給(牲畜)打烙印
2．conclude v．作出……結論，推斷出，斷定；結束，終止；締結(協定)
①(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...” ____________
②A punch line concludes a joke and is intended to make people laugh． __________
③From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no atmosphere． ______
④They concluded a treaty with Turkey． ____________
作出……結論
結束，終止
推斷出
締結(協定)
3．Study harder from now on，or you will fall behind the others． ______
4．He remarked that the book was interesting and worth reading． _______
落后于
v．評論
Ⅱ．詞塊積累
1．__________________________ 日常互動
2．________________ 表示不悅
3．___________ 像……一樣短
4．______________ 一帆風順
5．___________________________________ 保持對生活的熱情
everyday interactions with
show displeasure
as short as
smooth sailing
maintain one's enthusiasm for life
Ⅲ．寫作佳句
1．Writing is easy．_____________________ cross out the wrong words．
寫作很容易，你只需要把錯誤的單詞劃掉就行。
2．The barber，___________________，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture．
理發師沒有認出他，問他有沒有這場演講的門票。
All you have to do is
not recognising him
3．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and _______________________________
__________．
馬克·吐溫和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不僅僅是歡笑，還是一種生活方式，是可以用來照亮世界的工具。
4．The world gave me its love first，so I ____________________
______．
世界先給了我愛，我不能不愛它。
a tool that can be used to illuminate
cannot help but love it
back
the world
Ⅳ．長難語句
1．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues．
[分析]　本句為主從復合句。本句中“While these same...then”為while引導的________從句，在此從句中“as they were then”為as引導的________從句；“that humour could not...issues”為that引導的____從句。
讓步狀語
比較狀語
賓語
[翻譯]　______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
雖然對現在的我們來說，這些笑話可能沒有它們在中世紀的時候那么有趣，但它們的作者明白，幽默不只是一種娛樂的方式，它還可以使人們對敏感問題或有爭議的問題產生新的認識。
2．When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．
[分析]　本句為主從復合句。本句的主干是___________________。“When Twain replied that he didn't”為when引導的________從句，其中“that he didn't”作replied的____；“that if he wanted to go to...in the theatre”為that引導的____從句，其中“if he wanted...the event”為________從句；“as there were...theatre”為________從句。
the barber told him
時間狀語
賓語
賓語
條件狀語
原因狀語
[翻譯]　______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
當吐溫回答說他沒有(票)的時候，理發師告訴他，如果他想去聽演講就只能站著了，因為劇院里沒有多余的座位。
3．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
[分析]　本句為主從復合句，句中“to introduce several humorous examples of famous people”是________，“concluding that...”是動詞-ing形式短語作________。
目的狀語
伴隨狀語
[翻譯]　____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
在他的《談幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600個字介紹了幾個名人的幽默事例，并總結道：“世間充滿了有趣的事物……”
Ⅴ．課文語法填空
Humour 1．_______ (be) an essential part of human 2．_________ (behave) for thousands of years．It could not only entertain but also throw new light 3．__ sensitive or emotive issues．Closer to modern times，someone who 4．_____________ (remember) for his ability to combine humour with more serious 5．________ (message) is Mark Twain．But on 6．___ other side of the world，Wang Zengqi became famous for his own unique brand of humour．Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life
has been
behaviour
on
is remembered
messages
the
and a tool 7．____ can be used to illuminate the world．Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be 8．___________ (complicate) and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our 9．__________ (enthusiastic) for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest 10．________ (bless)”．
that
complicated
enthusiasm
blessing
1．(教材原句)But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people．
*remark n．言論；意見，評論 vt．& vi．談論；評論；說起(remarkable adj．引人注目的，顯著的，非凡的 remarkably adv．非凡地，顯著地)
(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 就……發表意見，對……評頭論足
make no remark 不發表評論
(2)remark that... 評論……
remark on/upon/about 對……發表評論/意見
即學即練　 單句語法填空/單句寫作
①It's rude to make remarks ________ the appearance of others．
②Some animals have a __________ (remark) ability to adapt to the changing environment．
③(讀后續寫之動作和情緒描寫)老師評論了我的文章并補充說寫得很好，這讓我很自豪。
The teacher _________________________，adding that it was well written，which made me very proud．
on/upon
remarkable
made a remark on my essay
④(應用文寫作之活動介紹)短片結束后，每個班應該進行一次討論，所有的學生都被期待發表評論，表達他們對這部短片的看法。
After the short film，each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are expected to ____________________________________
_____________________．
make remarks and express their views
about the short film
2．(教材原句)Despite life's ups and downs，his works consistently convey optimism．
*consistently adv．一貫地；一致地(consistent adj．始終如一的；一致的 consistency n．一致性，連貫性)
即學即練　 單句語法填空/單句寫作
①Her work is sometimes good，but the problem is she's not __________ (consist)．
②Happiness does not consist __ how many possessions you own．
③(應用文寫作之人物描寫)她始終如一地、滿懷激情地追尋夢想，激勵著周圍的每一個人。
______________________________ with passion，inspiring everyone around her．
consistent
in
She consistently pursues her dreams
3．(教材原句)In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things...”
*conclude v．作出……結論，推斷出；(使)結束，終止 (conclusion n．結論)
(1)conclude sth．with sth．/by doing sth． 以……結束……
conclude sth．from sth．/from sth．that... 從……中推斷出……
to conclude 最后
(2)come to/reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出結論
in conclusion 最后，總而言之
即學即練　 單句語法填空/單句寫作/一句多譯
①He concluded ____ their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan．
②__ conclusion，only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow．
③(應用文寫作之活動介紹)他以一句著名的諺語結束了他的演講：“有志者，事竟成。”
He ______________________________________，“Where there is a will，there is a way．”
from
In
concluded his speech with a famous saying
④(讀后續寫之主旨升華)我從我自己的經歷中得出了一個結論：患難見真情。
a．I ____________________________________________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclusion)
b．I ______________ my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed．(conclude)
came to/reached/arrived at/drew a conclusion from
concluded from
4．(教材原句)When a bee starts circling around Charlie's face，he falls behind with his work．
*fall behind不能按時完成(工作)
fall far behind　　 　 遠遠落后
fall behind with 拖欠；在……方面落后
fall apart 破碎；破裂；崩潰
fall down 跌倒；倒塌
fall off 減少；跌落；下降
fall over 摔倒，倒下
fall asleep 睡著
即學即練　 單句語法填空/單句寫作
①She lost her balance and fell ___ the bicycle when cycling round the corner．
②My neighbor complained to the center that he couldn't fall ______ because of the noise nearby．
③(讀后續寫之心理描寫)她害怕在比賽中落后。
She ____________________________ in the race．
④(讀后續寫之動作描寫)他倒在地上，咬著牙，雙手顫抖。
He _______________________，with his teeth set and hands trembling．
off
asleep
was afraid of falling behind
fell over on the ground
詞匯 1．optimism n．樂觀；樂觀主義
2．interaction n．交流
3．amusing adj．逗人發笑的，好笑的，有趣的
4．gentle adj．和藹友善的，溫和的，溫柔的
5．enthusiasm n．熱情，熱忱
微練 1．她溫柔地對受驚的孩子說話，以讓他平靜下來。
She ____________ to the frightened child to calm him down．
2．團隊內部的積極互動可以極大地提高效率。
____________________ within the team can improve efficiency greatly．
3．樂觀是打開通往無限可能之門的鑰匙。
___________________ that unlocks the door to endless possibilities．
spoke gently
Positive interaction
Optimism is the key
微練 4．志愿者們對幫助偏遠地區的窮人們表現出很大的熱情。
Volunteers ________________________________ helping the poor in remote areas．
5．馬戲團的表演太有趣了，所以觀眾們一直在笑。
The circus performance was _______________ the audience laughed all the time．
show/showed great enthusiasm for
so amusing that
1．(教材原句)Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour．
*不定式作表語
“be＋to do結構”用法歸納如下：
(1)表示按約定、計劃、職責、義務、要求等即將發生的動作。
(2)表示必須或應該，在意思上相當于must、should、ought to或have to。
(3)表示不可避免將要發生的事或命中注定的事。
(4)如果主語是以aim、duty、hope、idea、happiness、job、plan、problem、purpose、thing、wish等為中心的名詞或what引導的名詞性從句，不定式作表語是對主語起補充說明的作用。
即學即練　 單句寫作
①(應用文寫作之建議信)重要的是學會控制你的情緒。
The important thing is _______________________________．
②(應用文寫作之計劃安排)我計劃做的第一件事是在快餐店做兼職。
The first thing I plan to do is ______________________ in a fast-food restaurant．
to learn to control your temper
to do a part-time job
③(應用文寫作之演講稿)我的夢想是成為一名教師，這是我心中的一顆指路星。
My dream，which is as a guiding star in my heart，is ___________________．
to become a teacher
2．(教材原句)In my opinion，the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp，who is his most famous character．
*the way＋定語從句
(1)way作“方式，方法”講，后接定語從句時有兩種情況：
①way表示“方式，方法”時，其后常接in which或that引導的定語從句，也可以將關系詞in which或that省略掉，此時關系詞在從句中作狀語。
②way后接定語從句時，如果關系詞在從句中作主語或賓語，則用關系代詞that/which，作賓語時還可以省略。
(2)way表示“方式，方法”時，其后還可接不定式或of doing sth．的形式。
即學即練　 單句寫作
①(應用文寫作之建議信)我想說的第一件事是，你開始談話的方式非常重要。
The first thing I would say is that ________________________________
is very important．
②(應用文寫作之建議信)你應該記住，用英語寫日記是提高英語水平的好方法。
You should keep it in mind that keeping a diary in English is ________________________________________________．
the way that you begin the conversation
a good way to improve/of improving your English
①an essential part of human behaviour人類行為的重要組成部分
②be filled with...充滿……
③throw light on使(問題等)較容易理解
④be remembered for...因為……而被銘記
⑤his ability to combine humour with more serious messages
他把幽默和更嚴肅的信息相結合的能力
⑥style of writing寫作風格
⑦cross out 劃掉，刪掉(錯字)
⑧be equally well known for his witty remarks
同樣因其風趣的言辭而聞名
⑨for instance 比如，例如
⑩a lecture tour 巡回演講
get a haircut and a shave 理發和刮胡子
a ticket to the lecture 演講的門票
just one's luck (對自己的遭遇并不驚訝)常不走運，就這運氣；真倒霉
one's own unique brand of humour 某人獨特的幽默風格
introduce several humorous examples of famous people 介紹幾個名人的幽默事例
be full of... 充滿……
the thought of...一想到……
by oneself 獨自一人
give the best example to...是……的最佳范例
give a gentle response給出一個溫和的回應
give a speech 發表演講
be scheduled to do sth．被安排做某事
start with...以……開始
a way of life 一種生活方式
pour...into...注入；傾注
The Importance of Humour
Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour①for thousands of years．There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece，and medieval writings are filled with②jokes．While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on③sensitive or emotive issues．[1]
[1]連詞while引導讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然，盡管”；在該狀語從句中又包含一個as引導的比較狀語從句；that humour...issues為that引導的賓語從句，其中not only...but also...連接并列謂語。
Closer to modern times，someone who is remembered for④ his ability to combine humour with more serious messages⑤ is American writer Mark Twain．Twain's particular style of writing⑥ is funny and often mischievous．For example，in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer，he famously says，“Writing is easy．All you have to do is cross out⑦ the wrong words．[2]”But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑧ in his everyday interactions with people．For instance⑨，while on a lecture tour⑩ of the United States[3]，Twain
went into a barber's shop to get a haircut and a shave ．The barber，not recognising him[4]，asked if he had a ticket to the lecture ．When Twain replied that he didn't，the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand，as there were no seats left in the theatre．Twain's response was，“That's just my luck ．I always have to stand when that fellow lectures！”
[2]該句中不定代詞All作主語；you have to do是省略了關系代詞that的定語從句，修飾先行詞All。由于修飾主語的定語從句中含有實義動詞do，所以作表語的動詞不定式to cross out可省略不定式符號to。
[3]此處是“連詞＋介詞短語”結構，可看作是時間狀語從句while he was on a lecture tour of the United States的省略形式。while在此意為“在……期間”。
[4]動詞-ing形式短語“not recognising him”作后置定語，修飾The barber。
Like Twain，but on the other side of the world，the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour [5]．In his essay“On Humour”，Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people ，concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things．The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud[6]，even when you're just sitting by yourself ．”
[5]動詞不定式短語“to become...humour”作表語，構成“be to do”結構，表示注定要發生的事情。
[6]句中make you laugh out loud為“make＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構。
Wang believed that humour not only shows one's personality，but also reflects a person's attitude towards life．[7]He himself gives the best example to the word“humour”．One day，one of his readers flattered him by saying，“Gaoyou is famous for，first，the poet Qin Shaoyou，and second，Wang Zengqi．”Wang didn't show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response ，“No．Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me．I can only stay in the third
place．”On another occasion，Wang was invited to give a speech in the US and was scheduled to speak last．He walked to the podium and began，“Unfortunately，none of today's speakers have last names starting with X，Y，or Z，so I am the last one to speak．Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired．But don't worry．My speech will be as short as a rabbit's tail．”
[7]本句是一個主從復合句。本句中的賓語從句中，humour是主語，shows和reflects是并列的謂語動詞，one's personality是shows的賓語，a person's attitude towards life是reflects的賓語。
Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn't just about laughter，but is a way of life and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world．Wang once said，“Life may be like a dream，short and uncertain．[8] But I pour my true feelings into it．The world gave me its love first，so I cannot help but love it back[9]．”Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be complicated and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for life．In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air[10]．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind's greatest blessing”．
[8]short and uncertain 是形容詞短語，作伴隨狀語，描述“生活”的特征，即“短暫且不確定”。
[9]“cannot help but do sth．”是一個常用的結構，意思是“不得不做某事，禁不住做某事”。
[10]almost as great as...是一個比較結構，意思是“幾乎和……一樣強烈”。our need for water and air 是比較對象，表示“我們對水和空氣的需求”。
幽默的重要性
數千年來，幽默一直是人類行為的重要組成部分。古希臘的文字中記載有喜劇，笑話也常常出現在中世紀的作品當中。雖然對現在的我們來說，這些笑話可能沒有它們在中世紀的時候那么有趣，但它們的作者明白，幽默不只是一種娛樂的方式，它還可以使人們對敏感問題或有爭議的問題產生新的認識。
到了近現代，美國作家馬克·吐溫因擅長用幽默的方式表達嚴肅的內容而著稱。他獨特的寫作風格幽默風趣，而且常常帶有調侃意味。例如，在他的經典小說《湯姆·索耶歷險記》中有一句名言：“寫作很容易，你只需要把錯誤的單詞劃掉就行。”他日常與人交流中的詼諧言論同樣出名。比如，有一次在美國做巡回演講的時候，馬克·吐溫走進一家理發店去理發和刮臉。理發師沒有認出他，問他有沒有這場演講的門票，馬克·吐溫說沒有。理發師告訴他，如果他想去聽演講就只能站著了，因為劇院里沒有多余的座位。馬克·吐溫回答說：“真倒霉。只要那個家伙演講，我總是要站著！”
和馬克·吐溫類似，不過是在世界的另一端，中國作家汪曾祺很快因其獨特的幽默風格而聲名遠揚。在他的《談幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到 600 個字介紹了幾個名人的幽默事例，并總結道：“世間充滿了有趣的事物。一想到它們，即使你獨自一人坐著，也總會讓你放聲大笑。”
汪曾祺認為，幽默不僅展現一個人的個性，還反映一個人對待生活的態度。他本人就是“幽默”一詞的最佳范例。有一天，他的一位讀者奉承他說：“高郵以詩人秦少游第一，汪曾祺第二而聞名。”汪曾祺沒有表現出任何不悅，只是溫和地回應道：“不對。高郵咸鴨蛋比我有名得多。我只能排第三。”還有一次，汪曾祺受邀在美國演講，被安排最后一個發言。他走到講臺上開口說道：“很不幸，今天演講者的姓沒有以X、Y、Z 開頭的，所以我最后一個發言。最后發言很難，因為大家都已經很累了。不過別擔心。我的演講會像兔子尾巴一樣短。”
馬克·吐溫和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不僅僅是歡笑，還是一種生活方式，是可以用來照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾說：“人生如夢，短促而虛幻。但我投入真情實意。世界先給了我愛，我不能不愛它。”生活從來都不是一帆風順的，有時可能復雜而殘酷。但幽默可以幫助我們保持對生活的熱情。事實上，有人可能會說，我們對幽默的需求幾乎和對水和空氣的需求一樣強烈。用馬克·吐溫的話來說，就是“幽默是人類最大的福氣”。
謝 謝！

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