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英語 必修 第一冊 RJ
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．million num. 一百萬
2．a(chǎn)udience n. 觀眾；聽眾
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．compete vi. 競爭；對抗
2．pretend vi.& vt. 假裝；裝扮
3．cheat vi. 作弊；舞弊　vt. 欺騙；蒙騙　n. 欺騙手段；騙子
三、核心短語：寫出英語表達(dá)
1．make__sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
2．pretend__to__do__sth 假裝做某事
3．even__if/though 即使；雖然
觀察以下課文原句并回答下面的問題
1．This isn't your first time here, is it
2．You come here often, don't you
3．You've lost some weight, haven't you
4．OK, but it won't make me too tired, will it
5．I don't have to come here every day, do I
歸納：附加疑問句的構(gòu)成：陳述部分＋附加疑問部分
探究一　熱詞
1.compete vi. 競爭；對抗；參加比賽(教材P41)
competition n. 比賽 competitor n. 競爭者；對手 competitive adj. 競爭的；好勝的；有競爭力的 compete in 參加……比賽；在……方面競爭 compete for 為……而競爭 compete with/against... （for…） （為爭取……而）與……對抗/競爭
【語境感知】
①I am writing to invite you to compete in the paper－cutting competition held in our school.
我寫信邀請你參加我們學(xué)校舉行的剪紙比賽。(邀請信)
②About 1，500 athletes from over 180 countries will compete for the 90 gold medals.
來自180多個國家的大約1，500名運動員將爭奪90枚金牌。
③Only by competing with each other can we make great progress in our study.
只有相互競爭，我們才能在學(xué)習(xí)上取得巨大進(jìn)步。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①The bank isn't performing as well as some of its competitors (compete)．
②Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive (compete) world.
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】完成句子
③令我失望的是，我的老師沒有選擇讓我參加書法比賽。
To my disappointment, my teacher didn't choose me to take__part__in__the_
_handwriting__competition.
2.pretend vi.& vt. 假裝；裝扮(教材P41)
pretend to be＋adj./n. 假裝是…… pretend to do sth 假裝做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假裝正在做某事 pretend to have done sth假裝做了某事 pretend that 假裝……，謊稱……
【語境感知】
①Tom often pretends to know everything, but actually he is ignorant.
湯姆經(jīng)常裝出無所不知的樣子，實際上他一無所知。
②When her mother came in, she pretended to be reading.
當(dāng)她媽媽進(jìn)來時，她假裝正在看書。
③Mary pretended to have done her homework and went out to play.
瑪麗假裝做完作業(yè)出去玩了。
④Let's pretend that we are on a lonely island.
讓我們假裝我們在一座孤島上。
與pretend有類似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的動詞還有happen, appear, seem, claim等以及be said to結(jié)構(gòu)。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①I really dislike my job but I have to pretend to__enjoy (enjoy) it.
②He pretended to__have__known (know) the answer to the problem already.
③She opened a book, pretending (pretend) to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】將下列復(fù)合句改為簡單句
④She pretended that she was reading a book.
→She__pretended__to__be__reading__a__book.
⑤He pretended that he had known the news.
→He__pretended__to__have__known__the__news.
探究二　短語
3.make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚(教材P41)
sense其他相關(guān)搭配： make sense of 理解；明白 make no sense 沒意義 in a sense 在某一方面；就某種意義來說 in no sense 決不(用在句首時，句子用部分倒裝) common sense 常識 There is no/little sense (in) doing sth 做某事沒道理/沒意義 It makes (no) sense to do sth/that ... 做……/……是(沒)有道理的
【語境感知】
①This sentence just doesn't make sense, no matter how you read it.
無論你怎樣讀這個句子，它都講不通。
②Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
提前這么久做計劃沒有意義——到第二年許多事情都會發(fā)生變化。
③In no sense do you tell lies to your family.
你決不可以向家人撒謊。
④As far as I'm concerned, there is no sense getting upset about it now.
就我而言，現(xiàn)在為這事苦惱是沒有意義的。
⑤It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
在失控前致力于解決這個問題，這么做是明智的。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①In a sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.
②It makes sense to__buy (buy) the most up－to－date version.
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】完成句子
③那個陳述一點也不正確。
In no sense is__that__statement__correct．
④過別人想要的或者期望的生活是沒有意義的。
There__is__no__sense__(in)__living__the__life that someone else wants or expects.
探究三　長難句分析
4.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. (教材P41) 一個足球運動員不應(yīng)該假裝跌倒，即使這對他/她的球隊有幫助。
【分析】　even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 even if “盡管，即使”，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可用even though替換。 even if/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。當(dāng)主從句主語相同或從句主語為it，且從句中含有be動詞時，從句也可采用省略句結(jié)構(gòu)，即省略從句中的主語和be動詞。
【語境感知】
①Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英語為母語的人，盡管他們所講的英語不盡相同，但是也可以相互理解。
②You must keep to the rules even if you think they're unfair.
即使你認(rèn)為這些規(guī)則不公平，但也得遵守。
③Even if (he is) laughed at, he won't give up his dream.
即使被嘲笑，他也不會放棄夢想。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①Even if invited (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
②I will go to the beach even though it rains (rain) tomorrow.
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】翻譯句子
③盡管我祖父90多歲了，但他仍然時不時地打網(wǎng)球。
My__grandfather__still__plays__tennis__now__and__then,__even__if/though__he's__in__his__nineties.
探究四　附加疑問句
附加疑問句：又叫反意疑問句，它表示提問人沒有把握，需要對方證實。
語法點1　簡單句中的附加疑問句
(1)當(dāng)陳述部分是“there be (not)＋主語＋其他”結(jié)構(gòu)時，附加疑問部分要用“be (not)＋there”結(jié)構(gòu)。
There are some bananas in the basket, aren't there
籃子里有一些香蕉，是嗎？
(2)當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動詞must 時，附加疑問部分有三種情況。
must表示“必須”時，附加疑問部分要用mustn't; mustn't表示“禁止”時，附加疑問部分要用 must。
①We must be at home by six, mustn't we
我們必須在六點前到家，是嗎？
②You mustn't stop your car here, must you
你不能把車停在這里，明白嗎？
must表示“有必要”時，附加疑問部分要用needn't。
We must study English well, needn't we
我們有必要學(xué)好英語，對嗎？
當(dāng)must用來表示對現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行“推測”時，根據(jù)must 之后的動詞采用相應(yīng)的形式；在對過去的情況進(jìn)行“推測”(must＋have done)時，如強(qiáng)調(diào)對過去情況的推測(一般句中有過去的時間狀語)，附加疑問句部分一般用“didn't＋主語”；如強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成(一般句中沒有過去的時間狀語)，附加疑問部分用“haven't/hasn't＋主語”。
①He must be good at maths, isn't he
他數(shù)學(xué)一定很好，是嗎？
②It must have rained last night, didn't it
昨晚一定下雨了，是嗎？
③She must have seen the film before, hasn't she
她以前一定看過這部電影，是嗎？
(3)當(dāng)陳述部分是someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none 等表示人的不定代詞時，附加疑問部分的主語多用they，但也可用 he；當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everything，anything，something，nothing 等表示物的不定代詞時，附加疑問部分的主語用 it。
①Nobody came when I was out, did they
我外出時，沒人來過，是嗎？
②Everything has gone wrong today, hasn't it
今天所有事情都出問題了，是嗎？
(4)當(dāng)陳述部分有hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定詞或半否定詞時，附加疑問部分要用肯定形式。
He can hardly swim, can he
他幾乎不會游泳，是嗎？
如果陳述部分包含帶有否定前綴或后綴的詞匯時，附加疑問部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。 He was unsuccessful, wasn't he 他沒有成功，不是嗎？
(5)當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動詞ought to時，附加疑問部分要用ought/should(oughtn't/shouldn't)；當(dāng)陳述部分有used to時，附加疑問部分要用 usedn't或didn't；當(dāng)陳述部分有had better時，附加疑問部分要用 hadn't 或 shouldn't。
①Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they
這種事是不允許的，是嗎？
②You'd better get up early, hadn't you
你最好早點起床，好嗎？
(6)當(dāng)陳述部分是I am ... 時，附加疑問部分通常要用 aren't；當(dāng)陳述部分是I am not ... 時，附加疑問部分通常要用 am I。
①I'm late for the meeting, aren't I
我開會遲到了，是嗎？
②I'm not doing well, am I
我做得不好，是嗎？
單句語法填空
①Some plants never blossom, do they
②You found the key in the bedroom, didn't you
③You'd better change your wet skirt, hadn't/shouldn't you
語法點2　祈使句、感嘆句和并列句中的附加疑問句
(1)祈使句和感嘆句中的附加疑問句
Let開頭的祈使句，構(gòu)成附加疑問句時，除Let's用 shall we 構(gòu)成附加疑問句外，其他均用will you。
①Let's go swimming, shall we
我們?nèi)ビ斡景桑脝幔?br/>②Let the boy go first, will you
讓這個男孩先走，可以嗎？
祈使句的肯定形式，其附加疑問句表示“請求”時，通常用 will you；表示“邀請，勸說”時，通常用 won't you。
①Be sure to write to us, will you
一定要給我們寫信，好嗎？
②Come to have dinner with us this evening, won't you
今晚來和我們吃晚飯，好嗎？
祈使句的否定形式，其附加疑問句通常只用 will you 構(gòu)成。
Don't smoke in the meeting room, will you
不要在會議室抽煙，好嗎？
變異祈使句，即句首為稱呼語，后接第二人稱代詞引導(dǎo)的一個一般現(xiàn)在時的陳述句，這時，我們應(yīng)將其視為無主語的祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問部分要用 will you 構(gòu)成。
Mike, you take all these tables out of the next room, will you
邁克，你把這些桌子從隔壁房間全部搬出來，好嗎？
感嘆句的附加疑問句一律使用否定形式，并用 be 的一般現(xiàn)在時形式。
What a foolish child (he is), isn't he
他是一個多么無知的孩子呀，是嗎？
(2)并列句中的附加疑問句
當(dāng)陳述句是由并列連詞 and, but, or, for, so等連接的兩個并列分句組成時，附加疑問部分一般與最接近的分句保持一致，也就是說，對后一分句進(jìn)行反問。
He was a lazy child, and he didn't pass the exam, did he
他很懶，沒有通過考試，是嗎？
單句語法填空
①Let's go for a walk, shall we
②Be quiet for a moment, will you
③Don't tell anyone, will you
語法點3　復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的附加疑問句
(1)在賓語從句中，如果陳述部分是“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)＋賓語從句”，附加疑問部分應(yīng)與賓語從句的主謂保持一致，并要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移。
I believe that the film is interesting, isn't it
我認(rèn)為這部電影很有趣，不是嗎？
當(dāng)think等動詞的主語不是第一人稱，或主語是第一人稱，但動詞時態(tài)不是一般現(xiàn)在時，這時，附加疑問句的助動詞和人稱代詞要與主句保持一致。 Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn't she 瑪麗認(rèn)為你會來參加派對，是嗎？
(2)一般情況下，陳述部分是主從復(fù)合句時，附加疑問部分應(yīng)與主句中的主語和謂語動詞保持一致。
It is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn't it
這是他第二次來到日本，是嗎？
當(dāng)陳述部分含有主語從句時，附加疑問部分的主語用it。
That she didn't go home made his parents very angry, didn't it
她沒有回家，這使得他父母很生氣，是嗎？
單句語法填空
①Jenny doesn't think that Robert is honest, does she
②I don't think that you can do it, can you
③I consider that he has done his best, hasn't he
語法點4　附加疑問句的回答
對附加疑問句的回答，無論問題的提法如何，如果事實是肯定的，就用yes，事實是否定的，就用no。要特別注意陳述部分是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問部分用肯定式提問時，回答yes或no與漢語意義正好相反。此時yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是”。
①—He likes playing football, doesn't he
——他喜歡踢足球，不是嗎？
—Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
——是的，他喜歡。/不，他不喜歡。
②—His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she
——他妹妹未出席會議，是嗎？
—Yes, she did./No, she didn't.
——不，她去了。/是的，她沒去。
單句語法填空
①—You are a student, aren't you
—Yes, I am．
②—Your friend wants to go swimming, doesn't he
—Yes, he does．
③—He didn't go to school because of illness, did he
—No, he didn't．
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義
(E)1.glory A．n. 觀眾；聽眾
(C)2.strength B．n. 決心；決定
(D)3.million C．n. 力量；體力
(B)4.determination D．num. 一百萬
(A)5.audience　　　 E．n. 榮譽(yù)；光榮
b.匹配下列短語的詞義
(E)6.even if/though A．有道理；合乎情理
(C)7.pretend to do sth B．喪失信心；泄氣
(A)8.make sense C．假裝做某事
(D)9.compete for D．為……競爭
(B)10.lose heart　　　 E．即使；雖然
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．cheat vi. 作弊　vt. 欺騙　n. 騙子
2．host vt. 主辦；主持　n. 主人
3．compete vi. 競爭；對抗
4．a(chǎn)thlete n. 運動員；運動健兒
5．pretend vi.& vt. 假裝；裝扮
6．honour n. 榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸
7．stadium n. 體育場；運動場
8．failure n. 失敗；失敗的人(或事物)
9．track n. 跑道　v. 追蹤
10．injure vt. 使受傷；損害
Ⅲ.選詞填空
compete, pretend, million, cheat, audience, determination, strength, fair
1．Judging from the response of the audience,__the performance was a success.
2．Our teacher has been instructing that we are supposed to be a man with courage, insight and determination．
3．As we know, athletes made it an honour to compete for medals.
4．Was it really fair to him to ask him to do all the work
5．For millions of years, the ancestors of humans evolved painfully slowly.
6．She pretended to have known everything about it and said nothing.
7．His deskmate refused to help him cheat in the examination, which made him embarrassed.
8．She was so weak that she didn't even have the strength to stand up.
Ⅳ.單句語法填空(附加疑問句)
1．The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, wasn't it
2．Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, will you
3．You must have learned to dance for years, haven't you
4．Let's do exercises by ourselves, shall we
5．You must be hungry, aren't you
6．Your friend needs to come earlier, doesn't he/she
7．They must have stayed at the hotel last night, didn't they
8．What beautiful weather, isn't it
Ⅴ.完成表達(dá)
1．So far, they have tended to compete__for (為……競爭) influence.
2．If you want to find a solution to this problem, it makes__sense (有意義) to focus on the notes you took in class yesterday.
3．She buried her head under the covers, pretending__to__be__asleep (假裝睡著了)．
Ⅵ.完整表達(dá)
1．半小時應(yīng)該夠了，不是嗎？
Half__an__hour__ought__to__be__enough__time,__shouldn't/oughtn't__it
2．即使她很生氣，但是她的聲音仍然很平靜。
Her__voice__still__remained__calm,__even__if__she__was__getting__annoyed.__
3．我認(rèn)為做正確的事情比拿到獎牌更重要，不是嗎？
I__think__it's_more_important_to_do_the_right__things__than__to__get__a__medal,__isn't__it
課后課時作業(yè)
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·廣東汕頭高一上期末)Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) __1__ part in a lot of __2__ such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is __4__ to be an excellent athlete and __5__ all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the __6__ is his favorite. To build up __7__， he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed and __9__. Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a(n) __10__ diet.
Once he signed up for a marathon __11__ in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in __12__. However, though under stress, he didn't __13__ but ran as hard as he could to __14__ for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the __15__ of the citizens.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了熱愛運動的Richard (理查德)在一次馬拉松比賽中受傷，卻堅持完成比賽，不僅贏得了比賽也贏得了人們對他的尊重。
1．(　　)A.active B．confident
C．a(chǎn)nxious D．joyful
答案：A
解析：根據(jù)前文“He is interested in doing sports”可知，Richard對運動感興趣，由此可推知，他會積極參與到各種運動中。take an active part in ... 意為“積極參加……”。故選A。
2．(　　)A.shows B．topics
C．events D．lectures
答案：C
解析：根據(jù)后文“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知，他參加各種運動項目。故選C。
3．(　　)A.sweating B．cheating
C．pretending D．packing
答案：B
解析：根據(jù)后文“However, though under stress ... to __14__ for his team.”可知，盡管受傷，他仍堅持比賽，不作弊。故選B。
4．(　　)A.thought B．impressed
C．recommended D．a(chǎn)llowed
答案：C
解析：根據(jù)前文“He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches.”可知，他在比賽中表現(xiàn)很好，因此被推薦為優(yōu)秀運動員。故選C。
5．(　　)A.act B．master
C．edit D．volunteer
答案：B
解析：根據(jù)前文“He is interested in ... soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton.”可知，他擅長很多運動。故選B。
6．(　　)A.company B．classroom
C．office D．gym
答案：D
解析：根據(jù)前文“Doing gymnastics”可知，做體操訓(xùn)練應(yīng)該是在健身房。故選D。
7．(　　)A.determination B．stress
C．strength D．friendship
答案：C
解析：根據(jù)前文“build up”以及后文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，慢跑應(yīng)該是為了鍛煉身體，增強(qiáng)自己的體力。故選C。
8．(　　)A.playing B．walking
C．jogging D．hiking
答案：C
解析：根據(jù)前文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，他每天都會慢跑，慢跑讓他放松并且強(qiáng)壯。此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。
9．(　　)A.strong B．weak
C．unique D．a(chǎn)ttractive
答案：A
解析：根據(jù)前文“In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed”并結(jié)合常識可知，慢跑讓他放松，同時這種鍛煉應(yīng)該也會使人身體強(qiáng)壯。故選A。
10．(　　)A.traditional B．economical
C．a(chǎn)dvanced D．balanced
答案：D
解析：根據(jù)前文“in order to have a slim shape”以及后文“diet”可知，保持體形需要飲食均衡。故選D。
11．(　　)A.solved B．a(chǎn)ttended
C．moved D．hosted
答案：D
解析：根據(jù)前文“Once he signed up for a marathon”可知，他報名參加他們城市舉辦的馬拉松。故選D。
12．(　　)A.detail B．success
C．failure D．experience
答案：C
解析：根據(jù)前文“During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured.”可知，他在比賽中受傷了，大家認(rèn)為他會失敗。故選C。
13．(　　)A.give up B．clean up
C．make up D．sign up
答案：A
解析：根據(jù)后文“not only did he ... the honor for his team”可知，他成了這次比賽的冠軍并贏得了獎牌，由此可推知，他沒有因受傷而放棄比賽。故選A。
14．(　　)A.apply B．a(chǎn)rrange
C．explore D．compete
答案：D
解析：根據(jù)后文“not only did he... for his team”可知，雖然受傷了，但是他為了團(tuán)隊的榮譽(yù)繼續(xù)努力比賽。故選D。
15．(　　)A.goal B．a(chǎn)dmiration
C．comment D．wisdom
答案：B
解析：根據(jù)前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.”可知，他的精神力量使他獨一無二，贏得了人們的尊重和贊賞。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·山西晉中高一上期末)Is it bad to work out in cold weather 1(____). With winter now, here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather.
Burn extra calories
In cold climates, your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm. Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature. When you're outside in the cold, brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature. 2(____)．
Help increase willpower (意志力)
Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily, since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly. 3(____). It may mean you can build willpower more easily.
4(____)
Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months. Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental condition. They help give out more “feel good” chemicals, including serotonin and endorphins.
Help you sleep better
The combination of sunlight exposure (暴露) during the daytime, fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night. 5(____). It is also called your “internal clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning.
Exercising in cold weather isn't for everyone, though. If you have any health problems, it is advisable to talk with your health care provider first.
A．Support heart health
B．Improve your mental health
C．It can make you take regular exercise
D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight
E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep－wake cycle
F．As long as you take preventive measures, it is actually pretty beneficial
G．On the other hand, exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在寒冷天氣里鍛煉的好處。
1．答案：F
解析：前文“Is it bad to work out in cold weather？”提出在寒冷天氣里鍛煉是否不好；后文描述了冬天鍛煉的好處，由此可知，F(xiàn)項(只要你采取預(yù)防措施，它實際上是相當(dāng)有益的)承前啟后。故選F。
2．答案：D
解析：根據(jù)前文“When you're outside ... increase body temperature.”可知，在寒冷天氣里，脂肪燃燒卡路里來提高身體的溫度。D項(在這個過程中，它可能會幫助你減肥)承接前文。故選D。
3．答案：G
解析：后文“It may mean you can build willpower more easily.”提到這有助于培養(yǎng)意志力。G項(另一方面，在寒冷的天氣里，鍛煉持續(xù)的時間更長)引出后文。故選G。
4．答案：B
解析：設(shè)空處為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述冬季鍛煉可以改善心理健康，B項(改善你的心理健康)概括本段內(nèi)容。故選B。
5．答案：E
解析：前文“The combination of sunlight ... sleep well at night.”提到在寒冷的白天鍛煉能促進(jìn)睡眠，后文“It is also called ... enough in the morning.”提出“生物鐘”概念，E項(陽光對控制你的睡眠周期很重要)承前啟后。故選E。
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·黑龍江省龍東地區(qū)五校聯(lián)考高一上期末)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we would leave for America soon. The country could be __1__ (access) to us at the time. We were on the bus then. I was crying and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. My mother said to me, “You are being looked at by the passengers now.” In addition, she asked me, “You must have learned about America before, __2__ you？” I said yes. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children which I listened to every morning.
I do not remember myself __3__ (cry) for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives, though I was concerned with them. When we were leaving, I thought about all the places __4__ I was going to see—strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The __5__ (image) of America were forming in my mind.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of thinking about and dealing with matters positively and appropriately, but the idea did not come to me __6__ (original). For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. But I could read __7__ variety of books in the libraries. Later, Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me.
My responsibility in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. Knowing English enabled me __8__ (deal) with many things conveniently. I wrote letters and filled out forms. To my __9__ (relieve), I ended up being able to adapt to the social style and environment here in America.
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! We should also learn to be more creative. I also hope that I can make a bigger contribution __10__ my family and the society.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者去美國之后的情況。
1．答案：accessible
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。be動詞后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，意為“可到達(dá)的”。故填accessible。
2．答案：haven't
解析：考查附加疑問句。根據(jù)設(shè)空前的You must have learned about America before可知，此處應(yīng)用haven't you進(jìn)行反問。故填haven't。
3．答案：crying
解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處myself與cry之間為主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填crying。
4．答案：that
解析：考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為places，指物，在從句中作動詞see的賓語，且設(shè)空前有all修飾，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
5．答案：images
解析：考查名詞。image為可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示泛指，作主語。故填images。
6．答案：originally
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞短語come to，應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語。故填originally。
7．答案：a
解析：考查冠詞。句意：但我可以在圖書館里閱讀各種各樣的書。固定短語a variety of意為“各種各樣的”。故填a。
8．答案：to deal
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：懂英語使我能夠方便地處理許多事情。固定短語enable sb to do sth意為“使某人能夠做某事”。故填to deal。
9．答案：relief
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。固定短語to one's relief意為“讓某人感到欣慰的是”。故填relief。
10．答案：to
解析：考查介詞。固定短語make a contribution to意為“為……做貢獻(xiàn)”。故填to。
　讀后續(xù)寫
　　閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·武漢市部分重點中學(xué)高一上期末)Sports are more than competitions.
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely. Although I did well in all the academic subjects, I was afraid of physical education. Even kids in the neighborhood would laugh at me. “Look at that girl，” they said. “Her feet don't leave the ground when she runs！” Their words embarrassed me. At school, whenever the teacher organized some competitive games, no one in the class would choose me as their partner or team member. As a result, I often ended up looking at others enjoy their games.
Things would go on like that if not for a sports meet in my high school. By mistake, my name was put on the list of those who would compete in the women's 1，500 meters race. By the time people found the mistake, it was too late to change.
My deskmate, Mary, was a natural athlete. She said to me, “I couldn't run that race in your place, because I have signed up for three items already.” I nearly broke down. 1，500 meters! Running against the best runners in front of the whole school! It would be the worst nightmare I'd ever have!
“You still have time to catch up because there is still one month before the sports meet，” Mary patted me on the shoulder, “That is cool! You will run for our class! And we will do training together.” Yes, this is not just for myself, but for my class. But still, 1，500 meters to me was like Mount Everest to a beginning climber. I had no idea even how to start my preparation.
Mary invited me to join in their training. Every afternoon after class, several of us ran together. When the fear of being laughed at flooded over me, I saw others running right beside or stand by the tracks cheering for us. They gave me strength.
注意：
1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5R解讀故事
1．Read for characters (人物)
The author, Mary,__the author's classmates
2．Read for conflict/problems (沖突/問題)
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely and was afraid of physical education. By mistake, my name was put on the list of women's 1，500 meters race. My deskmate, Mary's encouragement gave me strength. I trained hard. Although I didn't have a good performance, I was full of confidence that I would improve in the future.
3．Read for plot (情節(jié))
4．Read for emotional changes (情感變化)
I was afraid of physical education. Mary's encouragement and others' cheering for me gave me strength.
5．Read for theme (主題)
Sports are bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow__together．
4步確定框架
Step 1：先寫最后一句(主題句)
Sports__are__not__about__winning__or__losing__competitions,__but__bringing__me__close__to__my__classmates__and__helping__us__grow__together.
Step 2：再寫銜接句(第一段的最后一句)
Gritting__my__teeth,__I__pushed__myself__on__step__by__step.
Step 3：根據(jù)所給段首語句寫角色的情感
第一段：
Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt lonely__or__afraid. With the shot of the starting gun, I dashed__out and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race.
第二段：
When I was wondering how to apologize__for my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down.
Step 4：補(bǔ)全續(xù)寫每段的中間內(nèi)容
第一段：
Soon I was out__of__breath and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might fall__down at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and cheered__for me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together.
第二段：
I was__surrounded,__with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was full__of__confidence that I would improve in the future.
寫前導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者很害羞，經(jīng)常感到孤獨且害怕體育。由于一次失誤，作者的名字被列入了女子1，500米跑步比賽的名單，在同桌Mary (瑪麗)的鼓勵和自己的努力訓(xùn)練下，作者跑步比賽的結(jié)果如何？作者從中感悟到了什么？
[精彩范文]
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt lonely or afraid. With the shot of the starting gun, I dashed out and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race. Soon I was out of breath and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might fall down at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and cheered for me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together. Gritting my teeth, I pushed myself on step by step.
As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. When I was wondering how to apologize for my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down. I was surrounded, with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was full of confidence that I would improve in the future. Sports are not about winning or losing competitions, but bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
情節(jié)邏輯(范文和自己想的有何不同)
語言表達(dá)(原文和范文中有哪些表達(dá)更地道更準(zhǔn)確) 1. 2. 3.
19(共89張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 3　SPORTS AND FITNESS
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
預(yù)學(xué)檢測 單詞打卡
自主學(xué)習(xí) 課時語法
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
合作探究 課時重點
3
對點練習(xí) 鞏固所學(xué)
4
課后課時作業(yè)
5
預(yù)學(xué)檢測 單詞打卡
一、閱讀單詞：寫出漢語含義
1．million num. ________
2．a(chǎn)udience n. ____________
二、核心單詞：寫出英文單詞
1．________ vi. 競爭；對抗
2．________ vi.& vt. 假裝；裝扮
3．______ vi. 作弊；舞弊　vt. 欺騙；蒙騙　n. 欺騙手段；騙子
一百萬
觀眾；聽眾
compete
pretend
cheat
三、核心短語：寫出英語表達(dá)
1．___________ 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
2．________________ 假裝做某事
3．_____________ 即使；雖然
make sense
pretend to do sth
even if/though
自主學(xué)習(xí) 課時語法
觀察以下課文原句并寫出黑體部分的功能和構(gòu)成
1．This isn't your first time here, is it
2．You come here of ten, don't you
3．You've lost some weight, haven't you
4．OK, but it won't make me too tired, will it
5．I don't have to come here every day, do I
歸納：附加疑問句的構(gòu)成：______________________
陳述部分+附加疑問部分
合作探究 課時重點
探究一　熱詞
（一）高頻詞
1.compete vi. 競爭；對抗；參加比賽(教材P41)
competition n. 比賽
competitor n. 競爭者；對手
competitive adj. 競爭的；好勝的；有競爭力的
compete in 參加……比賽；在……方面競爭
compete for 為……而競爭
compete with/against （... for） （為爭取……而）與……對抗/競爭
【語境感知】
①I am writing to invite you to compete in the paper－cutting competition held in our school.
我寫信邀請你參加我們學(xué)校舉行的剪紙比賽。(邀請信)
②About 1，500 athletes from over 180 countries will compete for the 90 gold medals.
來自180多個國家的大約1，500名運動員將爭奪90枚金牌。
③Only by competing with each other can we make great progress in our study.
只有相互競爭，我們才能在學(xué)習(xí)上取得巨大進(jìn)步。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①The bank isn't performing as well as some of its __________ (compete)．
②Nobody can entirely keep away from this __________ (compete) world.
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】完成句子
③令我失望的是，老師沒有選擇我參加書法比賽。
To my disappointment, my teacher didn't choose me to _______________________
____________.
competitors
competitive
take part in the handwriting
competition
2.pretend vi.& vt. 假裝；裝扮(教材P41)
pretend to be＋adj./n. 假裝是
pretend to do sth 假裝做某事
pretend to be doing 假裝正在做
pretend to have done 假裝做了……
pretend that 假裝……，謊稱……
【語境感知】
①Tom often pretends to know everything, but actually he is ignorant.
湯姆經(jīng)常裝出無所不知的樣子，實際上他一無所知。
②When her mother came in, she pretended to be reading.
當(dāng)她媽媽進(jìn)來時，她假裝正在看書。
③Mary pretended to have done her homework and went out to play.
瑪麗假裝做完作業(yè)出去玩了。
④Let's pretend that we are on a lonely island.
讓我們假裝我們在一座孤島上。
與pretend有類似用法(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的動詞還有happen,appear, seem, claim等以及be said to結(jié)構(gòu)。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①I really dislike my job but I have to pretend ________ (enjoy) it.
②He pretended _____________ (know) the answer to the problem already.
③She opened a book, __________ (pretend) to read, with tears dropping on the open page.
to enjoy
to have known
pretending
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】將下列復(fù)合句改為簡單句
④She pretended that she was reading a book.
→________________________________
⑤He pretended that he had known the news.
→__________________________________
She pretended to be reading a book.
He pretended to have known the news.
探究二　短語
3.make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚(教材P41)
sense其他相關(guān)搭配：
make sense of 理解；明白
make no sense 沒意義
in a sense 在某一方面；就某種意義來說
in no sense 決不(用在句首時，句子用部分倒裝)
common sense 常識
There is no/little sense in doing sth 做某事沒道理/沒意義
It makes (no) sense to do sth/that ... 做……/……是(沒)有道理的
【語境感知】
①This sentence just doesn't make sense, no matter how you read it.
無論你怎樣讀這個句子，它都講不通。
②Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.
提前這么久做計劃沒有意義——到第二年許多事情都會發(fā)生變化。
③In no sense do you tell lies to your family.
你決不可向家人撒謊。
④As far as I'm concerned, there is no sense getting upset about it now.
就我而言，現(xiàn)在為這事苦惱是沒有意義的。
⑤It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
在失控前致力解決這個問題，這么做是明智的。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①In ___ sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit.
②It makes sense _______ (buy) the most up－to－date version.
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】完成句子
③那個陳述一點也不正確。
In no sense _____________________.
④過別人想要的或者期望的生活是沒有意義的。
_____________________________ that someone else wants or expects.
a
to buy
is that statement correct
There is no sense in living the life
探究三　長難句分析
4.A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. (教材P41)
一個足球運動員不應(yīng)該假裝跌倒，即使這對他/她的球隊有幫助。
【分析】　even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
even if “盡管，即使”，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可用even though替換。
even if/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。當(dāng)主從句主語相同或從句主語為it，且從句中含有be動詞時，從句也可采用省略句結(jié)構(gòu)，即省略從句中的主語和be動詞。
【語境感知】
①Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英語為母語的人，盡管他們所講的英語不盡相同，但是也可以相互理解。
②You must keep to the rules even if you think they're unfair.
即使你認(rèn)為這些規(guī)則不公正，但也得遵守。
③Even if (he is) laughed at, he won't give up his dream.
即使被嘲笑，他也不會放棄夢想。
【學(xué)會運用】單句語法填空
①Even if ________ (invite) to, I won't go to such a bad lecture.
②I will go to the beach even if/though it ______ (rain) tomorrow.
【學(xué)會表達(dá)】翻譯句子
③盡管我祖父90多歲了，但他仍然時不時地打打網(wǎng)球。
____________________________________________________________________
invited
rains
My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, even though he’s in his nineties.
探究四　附加疑問句
附加疑問句：又叫反意疑問句，它表示提問人沒有把握，需要對方證實。
(1)當(dāng)陳述部分是“there be (not)＋主語＋其他”結(jié)構(gòu)時，附加疑問部分要用“be (not)＋there”結(jié)構(gòu)。
There are some bananas in the basket, aren't there
籃子里有一些香蕉，是嗎？
(2)當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動詞must 時，附加疑問部分有三種情況。
must表示“必須”時，附加疑問部分要用mustn't; mustn't表示“禁止”時，附加疑問部分要用 must。
①We must be at home by six, mustn't we
我們必須在六點前到家，是嗎？
語法點1　簡單句中的附加疑問句
②You mustn't stop your car here, must you
你不能把車停在這里，明白嗎？
must表示“有必要”時，附加疑問部分要用needn't。
We must study English well, needn't we
我們有必要學(xué)好英語，對嗎？
當(dāng)must用來表示對現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行“推測”時，根據(jù)must 之后的動詞采用相應(yīng)的形式；在對過去的情況進(jìn)行“推測”(must＋have done)時，如強(qiáng)調(diào)對過去情況的推測(一般句中有過去的時間狀語)，附加疑問句部分一般用“didn't＋主語”；如強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成(一般句中沒有過去的時間狀語)，附加疑問部分用“haven't/hasn't＋主語”。
①He must be good at maths, isn't he
他數(shù)學(xué)一定很好，是嗎？
②It must have rained last night, didn't it
昨晚一定下雨了，是嗎？
③She must have seen the film before, hasn't she
她以前一定看過這部電影，是嗎？
(3)當(dāng)陳述部分是someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none 等表示人的不定代詞時，附加疑問部分的主語多用they，但也可用 he；當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everything，anything，something，nothing 等表示物的不定代詞時，附加疑問部分的主語用 it。
①Nobody came when I was out, did they
我外出時，沒人來過，是嗎？
②Everything has gone wrong today, hasn't it
今天所有事情都出問題了，是嗎？
(4)當(dāng)陳述部分有hardly, scarcely, barely, rarely, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere等否定詞或半否定詞時，附加疑問部分要用肯定形式。
He can hardly swim, can he
他幾乎不會游泳，是嗎？
如果陳述部分包含帶有否定前綴或后綴的詞匯時，附加疑問部分仍用否定結(jié)構(gòu)。
He was unsuccessful, wasn't he
他沒有成功，不是嗎？
(5)當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動詞ought to時，附加疑問部分要用ought/should(oughtn’t/shouldn’t)；當(dāng)陳述部分有used to，附加疑問部分要用 usedn’t或didn’t；當(dāng)陳述部分有had better，附加疑問部分要用 hadn’t 或 shouldn’t。
①Such things ought not to be allowed, ought they
這種事是不允許的，是嗎？
②You'd better get up early, hadn't you
你最好早點起床，好嗎？
(6)當(dāng)陳述部分是I am ... 時，附加疑問部分通常要用 aren't；當(dāng)陳述部分是I am not ... 時，附加疑問部分通常要用 am I。
①I'm late for the meeting, aren't I
我開會遲到了，是嗎？
②I'm not doing well, am I
我做得不好，是嗎？
單句語法填空
①Some plants never blossom, ____ they
②You found the key in the bedroom, ______ you
③You'd better change your wet skirt, ______________ you？
do
didn't
hadn't/shouldn't
(1)祈使句和感嘆句中的附加疑問句
Let開頭的祈使句，構(gòu)成附加疑問句時，除Let's用 shall we 構(gòu)成附加疑問句外，其他均用will you。
①Let's go swimming, shall we
我們?nèi)ビ斡景桑脝幔?br/>②Let the boy go first, will you
讓這個男孩先走，可以嗎？
語法點2　祈使句、感嘆句和并列句中的附加疑問句
祈使句的肯定形式，其附加疑問句表示“請求”時，通常用 will you；表示“邀請，勸說”時，通常用 won't you。
①Be sure to write to us, will you
一定要給我們寫信，好嗎？
②Come to have dinner with us this evening, won't you
今晚來和我們吃晚飯，好嗎？
祈使句的否定形式，其附加疑問句通常只用 will you 構(gòu)成。
Don't smoke in the meeting room, will you
不要在會議室抽煙，好嗎？
變異祈使句，即句首為稱呼語，后接第二人稱代詞引導(dǎo)的一個一般現(xiàn)在時的陳述句，這時，我們應(yīng)將其視為無主語的祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問部分要用 will you 構(gòu)成。
Mike, you take all these tables out of the next room, will you
邁克，你把這些桌子從隔壁房間全部搬出來，好嗎？
感嘆句的附加疑問句一律使用否定式，并用 be 的一般現(xiàn)在時形式。
What a foolish child (he is), isn't he
他是一個多么無知的孩子呀，是嗎？
(2)并列句中的附加疑問句
當(dāng)陳述句是由并列連詞 and, but, or, for, so等連接的兩個并列分句組成時，附加疑問部分一般與最接近的分句保持一致，也就是說，對后一分句進(jìn)行反問。
He was a lazy child, and he didn't pass the exam, did he
他很懶，沒有通過考試，是嗎？
單句語法填空
①Let's go for a walk, _____ we
②Be quiet for a moment, _____ you
③Don't tell anyone, _____ you？
shall
will
will
(1)在賓語從句中，如果陳述部分是“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect等)＋賓語從句”，附加疑問部分應(yīng)與賓語從句的主謂保持一致，并要注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移。
I believe that the film is interesting, isn't it
我相信這部電影很有趣，不是嗎？
語法點3　復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的附加疑問句
當(dāng)think等動詞的主語不是第一人稱，或主語是第一人稱，但動詞時態(tài)不是一般現(xiàn)在時，這時，附加疑問句的助動詞和人稱代詞要與主句保持一致。
Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn't she
瑪麗認(rèn)為你會來參加派對，是嗎？
(2)一般情況下，陳述部分是主從復(fù)合句時，附加疑問部分應(yīng)與主句中的主語和謂語動詞保持一致。
It is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn't it
這是他第二次來到日本，是嗎？
當(dāng)陳述部分含有主語從句時，附加疑問部分的主語用it。
That she didn't go home made his parents very angry, didn't it
她沒有回家，這使得他父母很生氣，是嗎？
單句語法填空
①Jenny _______ think that Robert is honest, does she
②I don't think that you can do it, ____ you
③I consider that he has done his best, ______ he？
doesn't
can
hasn't
對附加疑問句的回答，無論問題的提法如何，如果事實是肯定的，就用yes，事實是否定的，就用no。要特別注意陳述部分是否定結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問部分用肯定式提問時，回答yes或no與漢語意義正好相反。此時yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是”。
①—He likes playing football, doesn't he
——他喜歡踢足球，不是嗎？
—Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
——是的，他喜歡。/不，他不喜歡。
語法點4　附加疑問句的回答
②—His sister didn't attend the meeting, did she
——他妹妹未出席會議，是嗎？
—Yes, she did./No, she didn't.
——不，她去了。/是的，她沒去。
單句語法填空
①—You are a student, aren't you
—Yes, I ____．
②—Your friend wants to go swimming, doesn't he
—Yes, he _____．
③—He didn't go to school because of illness, did he
—No, he ______．
am
does
didn't
對點練習(xí) 鞏固所學(xué)
Ⅰ.匹配詞義
a.匹配下列單詞的詞義
(____)1.glory A．n. 觀眾；聽眾
(____)2.strength B．n. 決心；決定
(____)3.million C．n. 力量；體力
(____)4.determination D．num. 一百萬
(____)5.audience　　　 E．n. 榮譽(yù)；光榮
E
C
D
B
A
b.匹配下列短語的詞義
(____)6.even if/though A．有道理；合乎情理
(____)7.pretend to do sth B．喪失信心；泄氣
(____)8.make sense C．假裝做某事
(____)9.compete for D．為……競爭
(____)10.lose heart　　　 E．即使；雖然
E
C
A
D
B
Ⅱ.默寫單詞
1．______ vi. 作弊　vt. 欺騙　n. 騙子
2．_____ vt. 主辦；主持　n. 主人
3．________ vi. 競爭；對抗
4．_______ n. 運動員；運動健兒
5．_______ vi.& vt. 假裝；裝扮
6．________ n. 榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸
7．________ n. 體育場；運動場
8．_______ n. 失敗；失敗的人(或事物)
9．______ n. 跑道　v. 追蹤
10．______ vt. 使受傷；損害
cheat
host
compete
athlete
pretend
honour
stadium
failure
track
injure
Ⅲ.選詞填空
1．Judging from the response of the ________， the performance was a success.
2．Our teacher has been instructing that we are supposed to be a man with courage, insight and ____________．
3．As we know, athletes made it an honour to ________ for medals.
4．Was it really _____ to him to ask him to do all the work
audience
compete, pretend, million, cheat, audience, determination, strength, fair
determination
compete
fair
5．For ________ of years, the ancestors of humans evolved painfully slowly.
6．She _________ to have known everything about it and said nothing.
7．His deskmate refused to help him ______ in the examination, which made him embarrassed.
8．She was so weak that she didn't even have the ________ to stand up.
millions
pretended
cheat
strength
Ⅳ.單句語法填空(附加疑問句)
1．The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, _______ it
2．Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, _____ you
3．You must have learned to dance for years, ________ you
4．Let's do exercises by ourselves, _____ we
5．You must be hungry, _____ you
6．Your friend needs to come earlier, ________ he/she
7．They must have stayed at the hotel last night, ______ they
8．What beautiful weather, ______ it
wasn't
will
haven't
shall
aren't
doesn't
didn't
isn't
Ⅴ.完成表達(dá)
1．So far, they have tended to ____________ (為……競爭) influence.
2．If you want to find a solution to this problem, it ____________ (有意義) to focus on the notes you took in class yesterday.
3．She buried her head under the covers, ___________________ (假裝睡著了)．
compete for
makes sense
pretending to be asleep
Ⅵ.完整表達(dá)
1．半小時應(yīng)該夠了，不是嗎？
___________________________________________________
2．即使她很生氣，但是她的聲音仍然很平靜。
_____________________________________________________
3．我認(rèn)為做正確的事情比拿到獎牌更重要，不是嗎？
________________________________________________________________
Half an hour ought to be enough time, shouldn’t/oughtn’t it
Her voice still remained calm, even if she was getting annoyed.
I think it’s more important to do the right things than to get a medal, isn’t it
課后課時作業(yè)
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
Ⅰ　完形填空
(2024·廣東汕頭高一上期末)Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) __1__ part in a lot of __2__ such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is __4__ to be an excellent athlete and __5__ all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the __6__ is his favorite. To build up __7__， he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed and __9__. Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a __10__ diet.
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Once he signed up for a marathon __11__ in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in __12__. However, though under stress, he didn't __13__ but ran as hard as he could to __14__ for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the __15__ of the citizens.
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了熱愛運動的Richard (理查德)在一次馬拉松比賽中受傷，卻堅持完成比賽，不僅贏得了比賽也贏得了人們對他的尊重。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．(　　)A.active B．confident
C．a(chǎn)nxious D．joyful
解析：根據(jù)前文“He is interested in doing sports”可知，Richard對運動感興趣，由此可推知，他會積極參與到各種運動中。take an active part in ... 意為“積極參加……”。故選A。
答案
解析
2．(　　)A.shows B．topics
C．events D．lectures
解析：根據(jù)后文“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知，他參加各種運動項目。故選C。
3．(　　)A.sweating B．cheating
C．pretending D．packing
解析：根據(jù)后文“However, though under stress ... to __14__ for his team.”可知，盡管受傷，他仍堅持比賽，不作弊。故選B。
答案
解析
4．(　　)A.thought B．impressed
C．recommended D．a(chǎn)llowed
解析：根據(jù)前文“He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches.”可知，他在比賽中表現(xiàn)很好，因此被推薦為優(yōu)秀運動員。故選C。
5．(　　)A.act B．master
C．edit D．volunteer
解析：根據(jù)前文“He is interested in ... soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton.”可知，他擅長很多運動。故選B。
答案
解析
6．(　　)A.company B．classroom
C．office D．gym
解析：根據(jù)前文“Doing gymnastics”可知，做體操訓(xùn)練應(yīng)該是在健身房。故選D。
7．(　　)A.determination B．stress
C．strength D．friendship
解析：根據(jù)前文“build up”以及后文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，慢跑應(yīng)該是為了鍛煉身體，增強(qiáng)自己的體力。故選C。
答案
解析
8．(　　)A.playing B．walking
C．jogging D．hiking
解析：根據(jù)前文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，他每天都會慢跑，慢跑讓他放松并且強(qiáng)壯。此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C。
9．(　　)A.strong B．weak
C．unique D．a(chǎn)ttractive
解析：根據(jù)前文“In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed”并結(jié)合常識可知，慢跑讓他放松，同時這種鍛煉應(yīng)該也會使人身體強(qiáng)壯。故選A。
答案
解析
10．(　　)A.traditional B．economical
C．a(chǎn)dvanced D．balanced
解析：根據(jù)前文“in order to have a slim shape”以及后文“diet”可知，保持體型需要飲食均衡。故選D。
11．(　　)A.solved B．a(chǎn)ttended
C．moved D．hosted
解析：根據(jù)前文“Once he signed up for a marathon”可知，他報名參加他們城市舉辦的馬拉松。故選D。
答案
解析
12．(　　)A.detail B．success
C．failure D．experience
解析：根據(jù)前文“During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured.”可知，他在比賽中受傷了，大家認(rèn)為他會失敗。故選C。
13．(　　)A.give up B．clean up
C．make up D．sign up
解析：根據(jù)后文“not only did he ... the honor for his team”可知，他成為了這次比賽的冠軍并贏得了獎牌，由此可推知，他沒有因受傷而放棄比賽。故選A。
答案
解析
14．(　　)A.apply B．a(chǎn)rrange
C．explore D．compete
解析：根據(jù)后文“not only did ... for his team”可知，雖然受傷了，但是他為了團(tuán)隊的榮譽(yù)繼續(xù)努力比賽。故選D。
15．(　　)A.goal B．a(chǎn)dmiration
C．comment D．wisdom
解析：根據(jù)前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.”可知，他的精神使他獨一無二，也贏得了人們的尊重和贊賞。故選B。
答案
解析
Ⅱ　七選五
(2024·山西晉中高一上期末)Is it bad to work out in cold weather 1(____). With winter now, here is what the doctors and personal trainers want you to know about exercising in cold weather.
Burn extra calories
In cold climates, your body needs to perform extra heat to keep your body warm. Brown fat is the type of body fat that helps control body temperature. When you're outside in the cold, brown fat burns calories in order to increase body temperature. 2(____)．
Help increase willpower (毅力)
Working out in the heat can cause you to become tired more easily, since it increases sweating and your heart rate more rapidly. 3(____). It may mean you can build willpower more easily.
4(____)
Exercising outside during the winter is thought to be one useful way to avoid a type of disorder or depression that tends to affect people during the dark winter months. Sunlight and exercise both have a positive impact on your mental condition. They help give out more “feel good” chemicals, including serotonin and endorphins.
Help you sleep better
The combination of sunlight exposure (暴露) during the daytime, fresh air and physical activity can help you relax and sleep well at night. 5(____). It is also called your “internal clock” which makes you feel sleepy enough at night and awake enough in the morning.
Exercising in cold weather isn't for everyone, though. If you have any health problems, it is advisable to talk with your health care provider first.
A．Support heart health
B．Improve your mental health
C．It can make you take regular exercise
D．In this process it can likely help you to lose weight
E．Sunlight is important for controlling your sleep－wake cycle
F．As long as you take preventive measures, it is actually pretty beneficial
G．On the other hand, exercising in the cold can allow you to work out longer
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在寒冷天氣里鍛煉的好處。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．答案：F
解析：前文“Is it bad to work out in cold weather？”提出在寒冷天氣里鍛煉是否不好；后文描述了冬天鍛煉的好處，由此可知，F(xiàn)項(只要你采取預(yù)防措施，它實際上是相當(dāng)有益的)承前啟后。故選F。
2．答案：D
解析：根據(jù)前文“When you're outside ... increase body temperature.”可知，在寒冷天氣里，脂肪燃燒來提高身體的溫度。D項(在這個過程中，它可能會幫助你減肥)承接前文。故選D。
答案
解析
3．答案：G
解析：后文“It may mean you can build willpower more easily.”提到這有助于建立意志力。G項(另一方面，在寒冷的天氣里，鍛煉持續(xù)的時間更長)引出后文。故選G。
4．答案：B
解析：設(shè)空處為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述冬季鍛煉可以改善心理健康，B項(改善你的心理健康)概括本段內(nèi)容。故選B。
答案
解析
5．答案：E
解析：前文“The combination of sunlight ... sleep well at night.”提到在寒冷的白天鍛煉能促進(jìn)睡眠，后文“It is also called ... enough in the morning.”提出“生物鐘”概念，E項(陽光對控制你的睡眠周期很重要)承前啟后。故選E。
答案
解析
Ⅲ　語法填空
(2024·黑龍江省龍東地區(qū)五校聯(lián)考高一上期末)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's house, and my mother said that we would leave for America soon. The country could be __1__ (access) to us at the time. We were on the bus then. I was crying and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. My mother said to me, “You are being looked at by the passengers now.” In addition, she asked me, “You must have learned about America before, __2__ you？” I said yes. I remember that I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children which I listened to every morning.
I do not remember myself __3__ (cry) for this reason again. In fact, I think I cried little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives, though I was concerned with them. When we were leaving, I thought about all the places __4__ I was going to see—strange and magical places I had known only from books and pictures. The __5__ (image) of America were forming in my mind.
The four years that followed taught me the importance of thinking about and dealing with matters positively and appropriately, but the idea did not come to me __6__ (original). For the first two years in New York I was really lost—having to study in three schools as a result of family moves. But I could read __7__ variety of books in the libraries. Later, Mother remarried, and things became even more complex for me.
My responsibility in the family increased a lot since I knew English better than everyone else at home. Knowing English enabled me __8__ (deal) with many things conveniently. I wrote letters and filled out forms. To my __9__ (relieve), I ended up being able to adapt to the social style and environment here in America.
From my experiences I have learned one important rule: Almost all common troubles go away at last! We should also learn to be more creative. I also hope that I can make a bigger contribution __10__ my family and the society.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　
6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者去美國之后的情況。
篇章導(dǎo)讀
1．答案：accessible
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。be動詞后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語，意為“可到達(dá)的”。故填accessible。
答案
解析
2．答案：haven't
解析：考查附加疑問句。根據(jù)設(shè)空前的You must have learned about America before可知，此處應(yīng)用haven't you進(jìn)行反問。故填haven't。
3．答案：crying
解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處myself與cry之間為主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填crying。
4．答案：that
解析：考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為places，指物，在從句中作動詞see的賓語，且設(shè)空前有all修飾，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
答案
解析
5．答案：images
解析：考查名詞。image為可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表示泛指，作主語。故填images。
6．答案：originally
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞短語come to，應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語。故填originally。
答案
解析
7．答案：a
解析：考查冠詞。句意：但我可以在圖書館里閱讀各種各樣的書。固定短語a variety of意為“各種各樣的”。故填a。
8．答案：to deal
解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：懂英語使我能夠方便地處理許多事情。固定短語enable sb to do sth意為“使某人能夠做某事”。故填to deal。
答案
解析
9．答案：relief
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。固定短語to one's relief意為“讓某人感到欣慰的是”。故填relief。
10．答案：to
解析：考查介詞。固定短語make a contribution to意為“為……做貢獻(xiàn)”。故填to。
閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·武漢市部分重點中學(xué)高一上期末)Sports are more than competitions.
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely. Although I did well in all the academic subjects, I was afraid of physical education. Even kids in the neighborhood would laugh at me. “Look at that girl，” they said. “Her feet don't leave the ground when she runs！” Their words embarrassed me. At school, whenever the teacher organized some competitive games, no one in the class would choose me as their partner or team member. As a result, I often ended up looking at others enjoy their games.
讀后續(xù)寫
Things would go on like that if not for a sports meet in my high school. By mistake, my name was put on the list of those who would compete in the women's 1，500 meters race. By the time people found the mistake, it was too late to change.
My deskmate, Mary, was a natural athlete. She said to me, “I couldn't run that race in your place, because I have signed up for three items already.” I nearly broke down. 1，500 meters! Running against the best runners in front of the whole school! It would be the worst nightmare I'd ever have!
“You still have time to catch up because there is still one month before the sports meet，” Mary patted me on the shoulder, “That is cool! You will run for our class! And we will do training together.” Yes, this is not just for myself, but for my class. But still, 1，500 meters to me was like Mount Everest to a beginning climber. I had no idea even how to start my preparation.
Mary invited me to join in their training. Every afternoon after class, several of us ran together. When the fear of being laughed at flooded over me, I saw others running right beside or stand by the tracks cheering for us. They gave me strength.
注意：
1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；
2．請按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
1．Read for characters (人物)
The author,______, the author's classmates
2．Read for conflict/problems (沖突/問題)
I used to be very shy and often felt lonely and was afraid of physical education. By mistake, my name was put on the list of women's 1，500 meters race. My deskmate, Mary's _____________ gave me strength. I trained hard. Although I didn't have a good performance, I was full of __________ that I would improve in the future.
5R解讀故事
Mary
encouragement
confidence
3．Read for plot (情節(jié))
physical education
By mistake
encouraged
4．Read for emotional changes (情感變化)
I was afraid of________________. By mistake, my name was put on the list of running race. Mary's encouragement and others' cheering for me gave me _______.
5．Read for theme (主題)
Sports are bringing me close to my classmates and helping us ______________．
physical education
strength
grow together
Step 1：先寫最后一句(主題句)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 2：再寫銜接句(第一段的最后一句)
____________________________________________
4步確定框架
Sports are not about winning or losing competitions, but bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
Gritting my teeth, I pushed myself on step by step.
Step 3：根據(jù)所給段首語句寫角色的情感
第一段：
Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt ______________. With the shot of the starting gun, I ___________ and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race.
第二段：
When I was wondering how to _____________ my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down.
lonely or afraid
dashed out
apologize for
Step 4：補(bǔ)全續(xù)寫每段的中間內(nèi)容
第一段：
Soon I was ____________ and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might ___________ at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and ___________ me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together.
out of breath
fall down
cheered for
第二段：
I ______________, with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of _______ that I felt at the very moment stayed _____ on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was ________________ that I would improve in the future.
was surrounded
warmth
fresh
full of confidence
寫前導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者很害羞，害怕體育。由于一次失誤，作者的名字被列入了女子1，500米跑步比賽的名單，在同桌Mary (瑪麗)的鼓勵和自己的努力訓(xùn)練下，作者跑步比賽的結(jié)果如何？作者從中感悟到了什么？
寫前導(dǎo)讀
答案
[精彩范文]
Before I could realize how fast one month went by, I was standing behind the start line of the sports meet. Seeing my classmates waving their hands as if about to run beside me, I no longer felt lonely or afraid. With the shot of the starting gun, I dashed out and ran as fast as I could, as if it were a 200 meter race. Soon I was out of breath and slowed down. Other runners passed me one by one, and gradually I had no idea how many of them were still behind me. My legs were getting heavier and heavier, and I might fall down at any moment. However, I suddenly heard Mary calling my name. My deskmate even ran along the track beside me and cheered for me at the same time, just like the month long training we did together. Gritting my teeth, I pushed myself on step by step.
答案
As expected, I was almost the last to cross the finish line. When I was wondering how to apologize for my poor performance, my classmates came around to hold my arms, helping me walk on my feet and not to sit down. I was surrounded, with all kinds of drinks handed to me. The kind of warmth that I felt at the very moment stayed fresh on my mind. Obviously, one month certainly couldn't make me a good runner, but I was full of confidence that I would improve in the future. Sports are not about winning or losing competitions, but bringing me close to my classmates and helping us grow together.
情節(jié)邏輯(范文和自己想的有何不同)
語言表達(dá)(原文和范文中有哪些表達(dá)更地道更準(zhǔn)確) 1.
2.
3.

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