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Period 4　 單元語法講練(Using language)
1．indicate v．表明，顯示
(1)indicate sth．to sb．　　　 向某人表明某事
indicate that... 表明……，顯示……
as is indicated in... 正如……中顯示
(2)indication n． 表明，顯示，跡象
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①These figures indicate __ me that the originally super company is in serious trouble．
②There is a great deal of evidence to indicate ____ music activities lift our spirits．
③正如圖表所示，人們的教育程度越高，收入便越高。
____________________________，the higher one's education is，the higher his income will be．
2．request n．& v．請求，要求
(1)make a request for 要求得到……
at the request of 應……的請求
(2)request sb．to do sth． 請求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth． 請求……做某事
It is requested that...(should) do sth． 要求……做某事
[名師點津]　在request后的名詞性從句中要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①Don't respond to any e-mails __________ (request) personal information，no matter how official they look．
②He participated in the relay race __ the request of his teachers and classmates．
③包括學生和老師在內的所有人都被要求準時聽講座。
a．All people including students and teachers ____________________ on time．
b．It is requested that all people including students and teachers __________________ on time．
3．fancy adj．花哨的，別致的 v．喜歡，想要，想象 n．喜愛；幻想
(1)fancy doing sth． 想要做某事
fancy sb．as/to be 把某人想象成……
fancy sb．to do sth． 認為某人做某事
(2)have a fancy for 熱衷于
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I fancy ______ (take) part in the sports meeting，but I have to prepare for the coming examination．
②He has a fancy ___ some wine with his dinner．
③我無法想象他會是一位英語教師。
I can't __________________ an English teacher．
4．attract v．吸引，引起……的興趣
(1)attract sb．to...　　　 把某人吸引到……
attract sb．'s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2)attraction n． 吸引(力); 具有吸引力的事物/人
a tourist attraction 一個旅游景點
(3)attractive adj． 有吸引力的；引起興趣的
be attractive to 對……有吸引力
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①What attracts me __ the job most is the chance to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners．
②The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist __________ (attract) that a lot of people pour in every day．
③從兒時起我就發現，沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力。
Since my childhood I have found that _______________________________．
5．competition n．比賽，競賽
(1)in competition with　　 與……競爭
(2)compete v． 參加比賽，競爭
compete in 參加……比賽
compete with/against 與……競爭
compete for 為……而競爭
(3)competitor n． 競爭者；對手
competitive adj． 競爭的
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①The day of the ___________ (compete) was near，so Jenny and Carl were getting more and more nervous．
②It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a ___________(compete)and stressful society．
③幾家公司為這份合同互相競爭。
a．Several companies are _______________________ the contract．(competition)
b．Several companies are _______________________ the contract．(compete)
6．occasion n．場合，時刻
(1)on occasion 有時；偶爾
on one occasion 有一次
on no occasion 絕不(位于句首用部分倒裝)
on the occasion of 在……的時候；在……之際
(2)occasional adj． 有時的；偶爾的
occasionally adv． 有時；偶爾
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①__ one occasion，she called me in the middle of the night．
②There will be __________(occasion)showers during the day．
③We don't meet often; we only see each other ____________ (occasion)．
④在學校建校50周年之際將有一個慶祝活動。
There will be a celebration __________________ the school's 50th anniversary．
P22
1．at a fancy dress party 在一個化裝舞會上
2．put up all the balloons 把所有的氣球都掛起來
3．be dressed as 穿得像……
4．wave at us 向我們招手
5．have big sales 大甩賣
P23
1．Lantern Festival celebrations 元宵節慶祝活動
2．to celebrate the festival 為了慶祝這個節日
3．rice balls 湯圓
4．the lantern fair 燈會
5．the traffic police 交警
6．a red envelope 紅包
7．decorate our windows with 用……裝飾我們的窗子
8．hold a lantern riddles competition 舉行猜燈謎比賽
P24
1．be answered in writing 以書面形式回復
2．arrive on time 準時到達
3．accept the invitation 接受邀請
4．depend on regional customs 根據地區習慣
5．go shopping together 一起去購物
P25
1．all the side dishes 所有的配菜
2．pay special attention to 特別注意
情態動詞(2)
一、may/might
1．表示請求、許可。在疑問句中用might比may的語氣更委婉。
—May/Might I play basketball this afternoon
——今天下午我可以打籃球嗎？
—No，you may not．
——不，不行。
2．表示推測，意為“可能、或許”。might比may的語氣弱。
We may go to the cinema tonight，but we are not sure yet．
我們今晚或許去看電影，但還未確定。
3．表示祝愿，常用結構為“May＋主語＋動詞原形！”
May you be happy every day and succeed in your work!
祝你每天都過得開心且工作順利！
4．may/might as well表示“不妨”。
There is nothing to do，so I may as well go to bed．
沒什么事可做， 我還是上床睡覺好了。
[即時訓練1]　完成句子
①生活是不可預料的，甚至最貧窮的可能會變成最富有的。
Life is unpredictable; even the poorest ____________________________．
②當我有不同的觀點時，我或許會選擇放棄它而尊重大多數人的觀點。
When I have a different opinion，I ________________________ and respect the opinion of the majority．
③祝你在新的一年里好運連連！
________________ in the following year!
二、shall/should/ought to
1．shall用于第一、三人稱的疑問句中，征求對方的意見。
Shall I buy some picture books for the children
我要給孩子們買些圖畫書嗎？
2．shall用于第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅；此外，當頒布法律、規定時也用shall。
You shall finish your homework first before you go out and play．
你得先做完作業再出去玩。
3．should/ought to都表示勸告和建議，意為“應該”。此時ought to比should的語氣要強。
You should/ought to put more effort into your work．
你應該更加努力工作。
4．should/ought to都表示預測可能性，意為“按道理應該會”。
He left Paris in the morning．So he should arrive here by supper time．
他早上離開了巴黎， 因此他晚飯前應該能到這兒。
5．should表示驚訝、意外等情緒，意為“竟然”。
It is strange that such things should happen in our school．
真奇怪，這樣的事情竟然在我們學校發生了。
[即時訓練2]　完成句子
①我能和你說句話嗎？不會花費太長時間的。
_____________________________ It won't take long．
②我們應該記住，保護海洋就是保護我們自己。
We ____________________________ that protecting the ocean is protecting ourselves．
③為了提高空氣質量，應該減少使用私家車。
To improve the air quality，the use of private cars __________________________．
④我們學校的一項規定是，每位同學在校期間要穿校服。
One of our rules is that every student _________________________ while at school．
三、will/would/used to
1．will/would表示意愿，可用于各種人稱。
We will never give up working，whatever happens．
無論發生什么事，我們都不會放棄工作。
2．will/would表示請求、建議，此時would比will的語氣更委婉。
Would you come into the bar and have a drink with me
你愿意進酒吧和我喝一杯嗎？
3．will/would表示習慣，意為“總是，習慣于”。與used to相比，would表示過去重復、習慣性的動作；而used to則強調過去與現在的對比。
Last year our English teacher would tell us stories in English after class．
去年我們的英語老師常常課后用英語給我們講故事。
He used to spend all his money on food and drink; now he lives a simple life．
他過去把錢都花在吃喝上， 現在可節省了。
[即時訓練3]　選詞填空(will，would，used to)
①If you ____ help us，we shall be very grateful．
②_____ you recommend me a good website for learning English
③I _______ go to work on foot，but now I drive there．
④When he lived in the countryside，he _____ go fishing every day．
四、情態動詞＋have done
1．表示對過去的推測
(1)must have done表示對過去發生的事情十分肯定的推測，意為“一定做過某事。”
It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet．
昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面還是濕的。
(2)can/could have done用于否定句和疑問句，表示對過去發生的事情的懷疑和不確定，意為“不可能已經……”或“可能已經……了嗎？”
He can't have gone to Shanghai，for I saw him a minute ago．
他不可能去了上海， 因為我剛才還看見他了。
(3)may/might have done用于肯定句和否定句，表示對過去發生某事的可能性的推測，意為“或許做過某事”或“或許沒做過某事”。
He might have said so at the meeting，but I'm not sure．
他或許在會上說過這樣的話，但我也說不準。
2．表示后悔、責備或遺憾等情緒
(1)can/could have done用在肯定句中，表示對過去沒有實現的可能性的遺憾，意為“本來能做……實際上卻未做”。
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently．
他并不后悔說了所做的事情，但是感覺本來是能夠用不同的方式表達出來的。
(2)should/ought to have done表示本該做某事而實際上未做；否定式表示本不必做但卻做了。
I was really anxious about you．You shouldn't have left home without a word．
我真為你擔心，你本不該不打聲招呼就離開家。
(3)needn't have done表示做了本來不必做的事。
We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner．
我們本來不必買這么多食物的，因為蘇西不與我們一起吃飯。
[即時訓練4]　完成句子
①你很熟悉這個城市，你一定在這里待了很長時間。
You are very familiar with the city; you _____________________________________．
②他本能夠通過這次考試的，可是他太粗心了。
He __________________________，but he was too careless．
③他們不應該走那么早，瞧，經理正在發火。
They ____________________________．Look，the manager is losing his temper．
④你本不必打車來這里的，因為這里離我家很近。
You __________________ a taxi here，for it was near my home．
用適當的情態動詞或用括號內單詞的適當形式完成短文
I'm sorry to learn that you've failed in the examination．You said you could 1．___________ (pass) it but you were too nervous．But things 2．_________ not be like that．I think the real reason for your failure 3．____ be that you should 4．_________ (make) enough preparations but you didn't get ready．
When an opportunity comes，we 5．______ grasp it tightly．Because once the good opportunity disappears，it will never come back．As a saying goes，practice makes perfect．If you 6．____ concentrate more efforts on your study，you are sure to make it next time．
第二篇課文(Developing ideas)
①insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力
②choose to do sth．選擇做某事
③be keen on 喜愛，對……著迷，熱衷于
④editor n．(報紙、雜志的)主編，編輯
⑤eat out 在外就餐
⑥no less than 不少于，多達
⑦embrace v．欣然接受，樂意采納(新思想、意見等)
⑧admit v．(不情愿地)承認
⑨effort n．力氣，精力
⑩clean up 打掃/清理干凈
mess n．臟亂，凌亂；麻煩，混亂
have nothing to do with 與……無關
※have something to do with 與……有關
loss n．失去，喪失
occasion n．場合，時刻
eve n．前夕，前一天
※on the eve of 在……的前夕
software n．(計算機)軟件
look forward to 期待，盼望
adult n．成人，成年人
get under one's feet 在某人旁邊礙手礙腳，妨礙
token n．象征，標志
process n．(為達到某目標的)過程，進程
※in the process of 在……的過程中
retired adj．退休的
Time for a Change
Social Insights①
A family dinner is an important tradition to celebrate Spring Festival．Nowadays，some people choose to have② the dinner in a restaurant，but not everyone is keen on③ this idea[1]．What do our readers think
Dear Editor④，
We have eaten out⑤ for the Spring Festival family dinner for the last three years，and we have enjoyed it no less than⑥ eating at home．I don't understand why some people refuse to embrace⑦ the change[2]．
Can't they admit⑧ that the preparations for the dinner are hard work I really don't think it's worth the effort⑨ of spending so much time preparing for a single meal，and then another hour cleaning up⑩ the mess after it's over．[3] We work all year，so why can't one day be about spending time with family and relaxing
[3]it's worth the effort...over是省略that的賓語從句，其中包含spend time doing sth．結構。
Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do with loss of traditions．We still have the dinner with the same people，just in a different place．The occasion is more enjoyable without all that tiring cooking，and the dishes taste better!
In my opinion，what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really doesn't matter．[4] Eating out may change the form of this tradition，but the love between the family members sitting around the table together remains the same．
Wang Peng，software engineer
Dear Editor，
For this year's Spring Festival family dinner，my son has booked a table at the best restaurant in town，but I'm a bit unhappy about it．For me，it just won't feel like Spring Festival having the dinner out．[5]
[5]it作形式主語，having the dinner out是真正的主語，Spring Festival作介詞like的賓語。
When I was a little boy，the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most．[6] It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat，but for the opportunity to have our whole family gathered together．[7] I would run around the house，listening to the adults chatting about their year[8]． I'd get under my mother's feet in the kitchen，watching her make dumplings．She'd put tokens in some dumplings: candies for a sweet life and peanuts for a long and healthy one．In the evening，all of us would sit around the table，enjoying the food and being together again．We toasted each other，we laughed，and the simple，homemade dishes tasted more delicious than anything cooked by a top chef．
[6]When引導時間狀語從句；what引導表語從句。
[7]句中not only...but...連接了兩個表語。第一個表語中that引導定語從句，第二個表語中to have our whole family gathered together為不定式短語作后置定語；have our whole family gathered together是“have sth．done”結構。
[8]listening...為動詞-ing形式作伴隨狀語；chatting在“感官動詞＋賓語＋賓補”結構中作賓補。
I hope my children and their children will still value our memories of preparing the dinner together．To me，the process is even more important than the dinner itself．
Liu Yonghui，retired teacher
傳統該不該變？
社會洞悉
年夜飯是春節的一項重要傳統。如今，有些人選擇在飯店吃年夜飯，不過，不是每個人都支持這一想法。讀者朋友們，你們怎么看呢？
尊敬的編輯，
最近三年，我家都是在外面吃年夜飯的，和在家吃比起來，在外面吃一樣開心。我不理解為什么有些人拒絕接受改變。
難道他們不覺得準備年夜飯很辛苦嗎？花這么長時間準備一頓飯，飯后再花一個小時收拾，我真心覺得不值。辛苦一年了，為什么不能用這一天的時間陪陪家人，放松放松呢？
在外面吃年夜飯是個挺好的選擇，而且這也談不上丟棄傳統。我們還是和同樣的人一起吃飯，只是換了地方而已。不用辛苦地做飯，用餐會更加愉快，而且(飯店的)飯菜味道也更好！
在我看來，除夕夜我們吃什么、在哪里吃，真的不重要。在外面的飯店吃年夜飯可能改變了這個傳統的表現形式，但是圍坐在餐桌前的家人之間的親情并沒有改變。
王鵬，軟件工程師
尊敬的編輯，
今年我兒子在城里最好的飯店訂了桌年夜飯，可我不怎么高興。對我來說，在外面吃年夜飯就不像過年。
小時候，我最期待的就是除夕的年夜飯，不僅可以吃到平時難以吃到的美食，而且全家人能有機會團聚在一起。那時我會在家里跑來跑去，聽大人們閑聊他們這一年的情況。我還會纏著在廚房做飯的媽媽，看她包餃子。她會在有些餃子里放一點兒“彩頭”：糖果寓意生活甜美，花生代表健康長壽。到了晚上，我們都圍坐在餐桌前，享受美食和團圓的樂趣。大家互相敬酒，談笑風生，簡簡單單的家常菜吃起來比頂級大廚做的菜都要美味。
我希望我的子孫后代依舊珍視全家人一起做年夜飯的回憶。對我來說，準備的過程甚至比年夜飯本身更重要。
劉永輝，退休教師
Period 4
核心詞匯
1．①to　②that　③As is indicated in the graph
2．①requesting　②at　③are requested to attend the lecture；(should) attend the lecture
3．①taking　②for　③fancy him as/to be
4．①to　②attraction　③nothing is more attractive to me than reading
5．①competition　②competitive　③in competition with each other for；competing with/against each other for
6．①On　②occasional　③occasionally　④on the occasion of
詞塊積累
P22
1．at a fancy dress party　2．put up all the balloons　3．be dressed as　4．wave at us　5．have big sales
P23
1．Lantern Festival celebrations　2．to celebrate the festival　3．rice balls　4．the lantern fair　5．the traffic police　6．a red envelope　7．decorate our windows with　8．hold a lantern riddles competition
P24
1．be answered in writing　2．arrive on time　3．accept the invitation　4．depend on regional customs　5．go shopping together
P25
1．all the side dishes　2．pay special attention to
單元語法
[即時訓練1]
①may/might become the richest　②may choose to give it up　③May you be lucky
[即時訓練2]
①Shall I have a word with you　②should/ought to keep in mind　③should/ought to be reduced　④shall wear school uniform
[即時訓練3]
①will　②Would　③used to　④would
[即時訓練4]
①must have stayed here for a long time　②could have passed the exam　③shouldn't have left so early　④needn't have taken
鞏固落實
1．have passed　2．may/might　3．must　4．have made　5．should　6．will
1 / 1(共54張PPT)
Period 4　
Unit 2　Let's celebrate!
主題語境
人與社會——文化習俗與傳統節日
課時學案　單元語法講練(Using language)
(1)indicate sth．to sb．　　　 向某人表明某事
indicate that... 表明……，顯示……
as is indicated in... 正如……中顯示
(2)indication n． 表明，顯示，跡象
1．indicate v．表明，顯示
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①These figures indicate __ me that the originally super company is in serious trouble．
②There is a great deal of evidence to indicate ____ music activities lift our spirits．
③正如圖表所示，人們的教育程度越高，收入便越高。
________________________，the higher one's education is，the higher his income will be．
to
that
As is indicated in the graph
(1)make a request for 要求得到……
at the request of 應……的請求
(2)request sb．to do sth． 請求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth． 請求……做某事
It is requested that...(should) do sth．
要求……做某事
2．request n．& v．請求，要求
[名師點津]　在request后的名詞性從句中要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①Don't respond to any e-mails __________ (request) personal information，no matter how official they look．
②He participated in the relay race __ the request of his teachers and classmates．
requesting
at
③包括學生和老師在內的所有人都被要求準時聽講座。
a．All people including students and teachers ___________________________ on time．
b．It is requested that all people including students and teachers ______________________ on time．
are requested to attend the
lecture
(should)
attend the lecture
(1)fancy doing sth． 想要做某事
fancy sb．as/to be 把某人想象成……
fancy sb．to do sth． 認為某人做某事
(2)have a fancy for 熱衷于
3．fancy adj．花哨的，別致的 v．喜歡，想要，想象 n．喜愛；幻想
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I fancy ______ (take) part in the sports meeting，but I have to prepare for the coming examination．
②He has a fancy ___ some wine with his dinner．
③我無法想象他會是一位英語教師。
I can't ________________ an English teacher．
taking
for
fancy him as/to be
(1)attract sb．to...　　　 把某人吸引到……
attract sb．'s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2)attraction n． 吸引(力); 具有吸引力的事物/人
a tourist attraction 一個旅游景點
(3)attractive adj． 有吸引力的；引起興趣的
be attractive to 對……有吸引力
4．attract v．吸引，引起……的興趣
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①What attracts me __ the job most is the chance to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners．
②The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist __________ (attract) that a lot of people pour in every day．
③從兒時起我就發現，沒有什么比讀書對我更有吸引力。
Since my childhood I have found that _____________________________________________．
to
attraction
nothing is more attractive to me
than reading
(1)in competition with　　 與……競爭
(2)compete v． 參加比賽，競爭
compete in 參加……比賽
compete with/against 與……競爭
compete for 為……而競爭
(3)competitor n． 競爭者；對手
competitive adj． 競爭的
5．competition n．比賽，競賽
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/一句多譯
①The day of the ___________ (compete) was near，so Jenny and Carl were getting more and more nervous．
②It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a ___________(compete)and stressful society．
competition
competitive
③幾家公司為這份合同互相競爭。
a．Several companies are ___________________________ the contract.
(competition)
b．Several companies are __________________________________ the contract．(compete)
in competition with each other for
competing with/against each other for
(1)on occasion 有時；偶爾
on one occasion 有一次
on no occasion 絕不(位于句首用部分倒裝)
on the occasion of 在……的時候；在……之際
(2)occasional adj． 有時的；偶爾的
occasionally adv． 有時；偶爾
6．occasion n．場合，時刻
[即學即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①____ one occasion，she called me in the middle of the night．
②There will be __________(occasion)showers during the day．
③We don't meet often; we only see each other ____________ (occasion)．
④在學校建校50周年之際將有一個慶祝活動。
There will be a celebration __________________ the school's 50th anniversary．
On
occasional
occasionally
on the occasion of
P22
1．at a fancy dress party 在一個化裝舞會上
2．put up all the balloons 把所有的氣球都掛起來
3．be dressed as 穿得像……
4．wave at us 向我們招手
5．have big sales 大甩賣
P23
1．Lantern Festival celebrations 元宵節慶祝活動
2．to celebrate the festival 為了慶祝這個節日
3．rice balls 湯圓
4．the lantern fair 燈會
5．the traffic police 交警
6．a red envelope 紅包
7．decorate our windows with 用……裝飾我們的窗子
8．hold a lantern riddles competition 舉行猜燈謎比賽
P24
1．be answered in writing 以書面形式回復
2．arrive on time 準時到達
3．accept the invitation 接受邀請
4．depend on regional customs 根據地區習慣
5．go shopping together 一起去購物
P25
1．all the side dishes 所有的配菜
2．pay special attention to 特別注意
情態動詞(2)
一、may/might
1．表示請求、許可。在疑問句中用might比may的語氣更委婉。
—May/Might I play basketball this afternoon
——今天下午我可以打籃球嗎？
—No，you may not．
——不，不行。
2．表示推測，意為“可能、或許”。might比may的語氣弱。
We may go to the cinema tonight，but we are not sure yet．
我們今晚或許去看電影，但還未確定。
3．表示祝愿，常用結構為“May＋主語＋動詞原形！”
May you be happy every day and succeed in your work!
祝你每天都過得開心且工作順利！
4．may/might as well表示“不妨”。
There is nothing to do，so I may as well go to bed．
沒什么事可做， 我還是上床睡覺好了。
[即時訓練1]　完成句子
①生活是不可預料的，甚至最貧窮的可能會變成最富有的。
Life is unpredictable; even the poorest _________________________．
②當我有不同的觀點時，我或許會選擇放棄它而尊重大多數人的觀點。
When I have a different opinion，I ____________________ and respect the opinion of the majority．
③祝你在新的一年里好運連連！
________________ in the following year!
may/might become the richest
may choose to give it up
May you be lucky
二、shall/should/ought to
1．shall用于第一、三人稱的疑問句中，征求對方的意見。
Shall I buy some picture books for the children
我要給孩子們買些圖畫書嗎？
2．shall用于第二、三人稱的陳述句，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅；此外，當頒布法律、規定時也用shall。
You shall finish your homework first before you go out and play．
你得先做完作業再出去玩。
3．should/ought to都表示勸告和建議，意為“應該”。此時ought to比should的語氣要強。
You should/ought to put more effort into your work．
你應該更加努力工作。
4．should/ought to都表示預測可能性，意為“按道理應該會”。
He left Paris in the morning．So he should arrive here by supper time．
他早上離開了巴黎， 因此他晚飯前應該能到這兒。
5．should表示驚訝、意外等情緒，意為“竟然”。
It is strange that such things should happen in our school．
真奇怪，這樣的事情竟然在我們學校發生了。
[即時訓練2]　完成句子
①我能和你說句話嗎？不會花費太長時間的。
_________________________ It won't take long．
②我們應該記住，保護海洋就是保護我們自己。
We _________________________ that protecting the ocean is protecting ourselves．
Shall I have a word with you
should/ought to keep in mind
③為了提高空氣質量，應該減少使用私家車。
To improve the air quality，the use of private cars __________________________．
④我們學校的一項規定是，每位同學在校期間要穿校服。
One of our rules is that every student ______________________ while at school．
should/ought to be
reduced
shall wear school uniform
三、will/would/used to
1．will/would表示意愿，可用于各種人稱。
We will never give up working，whatever happens．
無論發生什么事，我們都不會放棄工作。
2．will/would表示請求、建議，此時would比will的語氣更委婉。
Would you come into the bar and have a drink with me
你愿意進酒吧和我喝一杯嗎？
3．will/would表示習慣，意為“總是，習慣于”。與used to相比，would表示過去重復、習慣性的動作；而used to則強調過去與現在的對比。
Last year our English teacher would tell us stories in English after class．
去年我們的英語老師常常課后用英語給我們講故事。
He used to spend all his money on food and drink; now he lives a simple life．
他過去把錢都花在吃喝上， 現在可節省了。
[即時訓練3]　選詞填空(will，would，used to)
①If you ____ help us，we shall be very grateful．
②_______ you recommend me a good website for learning English
③I _______ go to work on foot，but now I drive there．
④When he lived in the countryside，he _____ go fishing every day．
will
Would
used to
would
四、情態動詞＋have done
1．表示對過去的推測
(1)must have done表示對過去發生的事情十分肯定的推測，意為“一定做過某事。”
It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet．
昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面還是濕的。
(2)can/could have done用于否定句和疑問句，表示對過去發生的事情的懷疑和不確定，意為“不可能已經……”或“可能已經……了嗎？”
He can't have gone to Shanghai，for I saw him a minute ago．
他不可能去了上海， 因為我剛才還看見他了。
(3)may/might have done用于肯定句和否定句，表示對過去發生某事的可能性的推測，意為“或許做過某事”或“或許沒做過某事”。
He might have said so at the meeting，but I'm not sure．
他或許在會上說過這樣的話，但我也說不準。
2．表示后悔、責備或遺憾等情緒
(1)can/could have done用在肯定句中，表示對過去沒有實現的可能性的遺憾，意為“本來能做……實際上卻未做”。
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently．
他并不后悔說了所做的事情，但是感覺本來是能夠用不同的方式表達出來的。
(2)should/ought to have done表示本該做某事而實際上未做；否定式表示本不必做但卻做了。
I was really anxious about you．You shouldn't have left home without a word．
我真為你擔心，你本不該不打聲招呼就離開家。
(3)needn't have done表示做了本來不必做的事。
We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner．
我們本來不必買這么多食物的，因為蘇西不與我們一起吃飯。
[即時訓練4]　完成句子
①你很熟悉這個城市，你一定在這里待了很長時間。
You are very familiar with the city; you ________________________________．
②他本能夠通過這次考試的，可是他太粗心了。
He _______________________，but he was too careless．
must have stayed here for a long
time
could have passed the exam
③他們不應該走那么早，瞧，經理正在發火。
They _______________________．Look，the manager is losing his temper．
④你本不必打車來這里的，因為這里離我家很近。
You __________________ a taxi here，for it was near my home．
shouldn't have left so early
needn't have taken
用適當的情態動詞或用括號內單詞的適當形式完成短文
I'm sorry to learn that you've failed in the examination．You said you could 1．___________ (pass) it but you were too nervous．But things 2．_________ not be like that．I think the real reason for your failure 3．____ be that you should 4．_________ (make) enough preparations but you didn't get ready．
have passed
may/might
must
have made
When an opportunity comes，we 5．______ grasp it tightly．Because once the good opportunity disappears，it will never come back．As a saying goes，practice makes perfect．If you 6．____ concentrate more efforts on your study，you are sure to make it next time．
should
will
①insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力
②choose to do sth．選擇做某事
③be keen on 喜愛，對……著迷，熱衷于
④editor n．(報紙、雜志的)主編，編輯
⑤eat out 在外就餐
課下預習　第二篇課文(Developing ideas)
⑥no less than 不少于，多達
⑦embrace v．欣然接受，樂意采納(新思想、意見等)
⑧admit v．(不情愿地)承認
⑨effort n．力氣，精力
⑩clean up 打掃/清理干凈
mess n．臟亂，凌亂；麻煩，混亂
have nothing to do with 與……無關
※have something to do with 與……有關
loss n．失去，喪失
occasion n．場合，時刻
eve n．前夕，前一天
※on the eve of 在……的前夕
software n．(計算機)軟件
look forward to 期待，盼望
adult n．成人，成年人
get under one's feet 在某人旁邊礙手礙腳，妨礙
token n．象征，標志
process n．(為達到某目標的)過程，進程
※in the process of 在……的過程中
retired adj．退休的
Social Insights①
A family dinner is an important tradition to celebrate Spring Festival．Nowadays，some people choose to have② the dinner in a restaurant，but not everyone is keen on③ this idea[1]．What do our readers think
Dear Editor④，
We have eaten out⑤ for the Spring Festival family dinner for the last three years，and we have enjoyed it no less than⑥ eating at home．I don't understand why some people refuse to embrace⑦ the change[2]．
Can't they admit⑧ that the preparations for the dinner are hard work I really don't think it's worth the effort⑨ of spending so much time preparing for a single meal，and then another hour cleaning up⑩ the mess after it's over．[3] We work all year，so why can't one day be about spending time with family and relaxing
[3]it's worth the effort...over是省略that的賓語從句，其中包含spend time doing sth．結構。
Eating out is a good choice and it has nothing to do with loss of traditions．We still have the dinner with the same people，just in a different place．The occasion is more enjoyable without all that tiring cooking，and the dishes taste better!
In my opinion，what or where we eat on Spring Festival Eve really doesn't matter．[4] Eating out may change the form of this tradition，but the love between the family members sitting around the table together remains the same．
Wang Peng，software engineer
Dear Editor，
For this year's Spring Festival family dinner，my son has booked a table at the best restaurant in town，but I'm a bit unhappy about it．For me，it just won't feel like Spring Festival having the dinner out．[5]
[5]it作形式主語，having the dinner out是真正的主語，Spring Festival作介詞like的賓語。
When I was a little boy，the dinner on the eve of Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most．[6] It was not only for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat，but for the opportunity to have our whole family gathered together．[7] I would run around the house，listening to the adults chatting about their year[8]． I'd get under my mother's feet in the kitchen，watching her make dumplings．She'd put tokens in some dumplings: candies for a sweet life and peanuts for a long and healthy one．In the evening，all of us would sit around the table，enjoying the food and being together again．We toasted each other，we laughed，and the simple，homemade dishes tasted more delicious than anything cooked by a top chef．
[6]When引導時間狀語從句；what引導表語從句。
[7]句中not only...but...連接了兩個表語。第一個表語中that引導定語從句，第二個表語中to have our whole family gathered together為不定式短語作后置定語；have our whole family gathered together是“have sth．done”結構。
[8]listening...為動詞-ing形式作伴隨狀語；chatting在“感官動詞＋賓語＋賓補”結構中作賓補。
I hope my children and their children will still value our memories of preparing the dinner together．To me，the process is even more important than the dinner itself．
Liu Yonghui，retired teacher
傳統該不該變？
社會洞悉
年夜飯是春節的一項重要傳統。如今，有些人選擇在飯店吃年夜飯，不過，不是每個人都支持這一想法。讀者朋友們，你們怎么看呢？
尊敬的編輯，
最近三年，我家都是在外面吃年夜飯的，和在家吃比起來，在外面吃一樣開心。我不理解為什么有些人拒絕接受改變。
難道他們不覺得準備年夜飯很辛苦嗎？花這么長時間準備一頓飯，飯后再花一個小時收拾，我真心覺得不值。辛苦一年了，為什么不能用這一天的時間陪陪家人，放松放松呢？
在外面吃年夜飯是個挺好的選擇，而且這也談不上丟棄傳統。我們還是和同樣的人一起吃飯，只是換了地方而已。不用辛苦地做飯，用餐會更加愉快，而且(飯店的)飯菜味道也更好！
在我看來，除夕夜我們吃什么、在哪里吃，真的不重要。在外面的飯店吃年夜飯可能改變了這個傳統的表現形式，但是圍坐在餐桌前的家人之間的親情并沒有改變。
王鵬，軟件工程師
尊敬的編輯，
今年我兒子在城里最好的飯店訂了桌年夜飯，可我不怎么高興。對我來說，在外面吃年夜飯就不像過年。
小時候，我最期待的就是除夕的年夜飯，不僅可以吃到平時難以吃到的美食，而且全家人能有機會團聚在一起。那時我會在家里跑來跑去，聽大人們閑聊他們這一年的情況。我還會纏著在廚房做飯的媽媽，看她包餃子。她會在有些餃子里放一點兒“彩頭”：糖果寓意生活甜美，花生代表健康長壽。到了晚上，我們都圍坐在餐桌前，享受美食和團圓的樂趣。大家互相敬酒，談笑風生，簡簡單單的家常菜吃起來比頂級大廚做的菜都要美味。
我希望我的子孫后代依舊珍視全家人一起做年夜飯的回憶。對我來說，準備的過程甚至比年夜飯本身更重要。
劉永輝，退休教師
THANKS

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