資源簡介

Period 4　 單元語法講練(Using language)
1．related adj．有關(guān)系的，相關(guān)的
(1)be related to　　　　 與……有關(guān)
(2)relate v． 與……有聯(lián)系；有關(guān)聯(lián)
relate...to/with..． 把……與……聯(lián)系起來
relate to 與……有關(guān)聯(lián)
(3)relation n． 關(guān)系；聯(lián)系
in/with relation to 關(guān)于；與……相比
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①M(fèi)any people in the area died from accidents _______(relate) to drinking alcohol．
②People usually relate happiness _______ money，which is quite wrong．
③健康問題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣及缺少鍛煉有關(guān)。
Health problems ______________ bad eating habits and a lack of exercise．
2．diet n．日常飲食 v．節(jié)食；進(jìn)行規(guī)定飲食
go on a diet　　　　　　 節(jié)食(表示動作)
be on a diet 在節(jié)食(表示狀態(tài))
a balanced diet 均衡的飲食
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①It is obvious that she __________(diet) now，but in my opinion，it's not necessary．
②The girl is __ a diet，hoping to become slimmer someday．
③均衡的飲食和有規(guī)律的鍛煉能幫助我們保持身心健康。
____________________________________ can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally．
3．a(chǎn)ddict n．對……著迷的人 v．使著迷；使沉迷于……
(1)addict oneself to 沉迷于……
(2)addicted adj． 入了迷的，上了癮的
be/become/get addicted to...
沉迷于……
(3)addictive adj． 使人上癮的
addiction n． 入迷，嗜好，癮
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Teenagers ________(addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression．
②Some students are now fighting their _________(addict) to computer games．
③由于缺乏自律，他們很容易沉迷于網(wǎng)上聊天或玩游戲。
Because of their lack of self-discipline，they're easily _________________________．
4．tip n．指點(diǎn)，建議；尖，尖端；小費(fèi) v．給小費(fèi)；(使)傾斜
[一詞多義]　寫出下列句中tip的含義
①Sorry，your name is just on the tip of my tongue． ___________
②She gave me a useful tip on growing tomatoes． _____________
③We don't need to leave a tip for the waiter，because there is a service charge included in the bill． _______
④She tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service． _________
⑤The table tipped，and all our drinks fell on the floor． ___________
5．in case 以防萬一；如果，假如
in case of 如果；假使
in this/that case 如果這樣/那樣的話
in any case 無論如何；不管怎樣
in no case 決不(位于句首句子用倒裝)
as is often the case 這是常有的事
[名師點(diǎn)津]　in case既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，還可以單獨(dú)使用。
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I guess we have already talked about this question，but I'll ask you again just __ case．
②In fact，many people are at a loss as to what to do in case __ fire．
③__ is often the case，a small child will feel unhappy and cry a lot the first time he or she goes to kindergarten．
④無論困難多大，他決不會向它屈服。
__________________________ to the difficulty，no matter how great it is．(部分倒裝)
6．trick n．訣竅，技巧，技法；詭計，花招 v．欺騙，誘騙
(1)play a trick/tricks on sb． 捉弄某人；對某人惡作劇
(2)trick sb．into doing sth． 欺騙某人做某事
trick sb．out of sth． 從某人處騙走某物
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①People in western countries like to play a trick __ others on April Fool's Day．
②He was tricked into _______(join) the club by a promise which was not kept．
③昨天那位老人被騙走了所有的積蓄。
The old man __________________ his life savings yesterday．
7．differ v．不同，不一樣，有區(qū)別
(1)differ from　　　 不同于，區(qū)別于
differ in 在……方面不同
differ with sb．on/over/about sth． 與某人在某問題上的意見不同
(2)difference n． 不同；區(qū)別
tell the difference between...and..． 區(qū)分……與……的差別
make a difference 有影響；重要，要緊
(3)different adj． 不同的；相異的
differently adv． 不同地
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Though we completely differ ____ each other __ character，we are still great friends．
②This picture is different ____ that one．Compare them and tell the difference _______ them．
③有時候，一個小小的善舉可能足以產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。
Sometimes，a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to _________________．
8．recommend v．推薦；建議
(1)recommend sth．to sb．＝ recommend sb．sth．
向某人推薦某物
recommend sb．a(chǎn)s... 推薦某人當(dāng)……
(2)recommend doing sth． 建議做某事
recommend sb．to do sth． 建議某人做某事
recommend that...(should) do sth． 建議某人做某事(從句謂語動詞用虛擬語氣)
(3)recommendation n． 推薦；建議
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The doctor strongly recommended ________(limit) the amount of fat in my diet．
②My English teacher recommended me _____(go) in for the examination for stage four．
③With the school adviser's ______________(recommend)，he chose the courses that suit his interests．
④我想向你推薦一個供母語非漢語的人學(xué)習(xí)漢語的網(wǎng)站，尤其適合初學(xué)者。
I'd like to __________________________，one for non-Chinese speakers who are learning Chinese，especially for beginners．
P6
1．have the ability to do sth．有能力做某事
2．stay healthy 保持健康
3．the perfect solution 完美的解決方案
4．say no to chocolate 對巧克力說不
P7
1．good table manners 良好的餐桌禮儀
2．go on your first trip to the UK 第一次去英國旅行
3．no exception 無一例外
4．place the knife and fork together 把刀叉放在一起
5．a(chǎn) knife and fork 一副刀叉
6．cook through 煮熟
P8
1．favourite food 最喜歡的食物
2．soft drink 軟飲料(不含酒精的飲料)
3．a(chǎn) salad without dressing 一份不加調(diào)料的沙拉
4．a(chǎn) glass of water 一杯水
P9
1．fat-free yoghurt 脫脂酸奶
2．if necessary 如果有必要
3．persuade sb．to do sth．說服某人做某事
4．give advice 給出建議
情態(tài)動詞(1)
一、情態(tài)動詞的特征
1．情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和動詞原形，即與不帶to的不定式連用，才能構(gòu)成謂語。
2．情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化(have to例外，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用has to)。
二、情態(tài)動詞的基本用法
1．be able to/can/could
(1)表示能力。be able to和can都表示能力，意義基本一致。但be able to可用于多種時態(tài)，而can只有現(xiàn)在式和過去式(could)。
She can/is able to play a few simple tunes on the piano．
她能用鋼琴彈一些簡單的曲子。
He tells us that he'll be able to be home for the holiday．
他告訴我們他將能回家休假。
[名師點(diǎn)津]　was/were able to表示經(jīng)過一番努力，最后做成了某事；而could表示過去一般的能力。
It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they had done for me．
我過了好久才能完全理解他們?yōu)槲易龅氖虑椤?br/>By the time she was eight，she could read Greek and Latin．
她8歲時就會讀希臘文和拉丁文了。
(2)表示推測。can表示推測，常用于疑問句和否定句。有時也可用于肯定句表示理論上的可能性，could表示較小的可能性。
What can they be doing there
他們可能正在那里干什么？
He can't be in the classroom，for the light has been turned off．
他不可能在教室，因?yàn)闊粢殃P(guān)了。
Everything can happen; everything is possible and probable．
任何事情都有可能發(fā)生， 沒有什么是不可能的。
(3)表示請求和允許。在問句中，could比can語氣更委婉。
—Could I use your bike
——我可以用你的自行車嗎？
—Of course you can．
——當(dāng)然可以。
[即時訓(xùn)練1]　選詞填空(can，could，be able to)
①She _____ play several instruments at the age of eight．
②_____ I have a word with you，if you're not too busy
③He won't __________ come again tomorrow because he is very busy．
④Parents are doing all they ___ to help their children achieve their ambitions．
2．have to/must
(1)have to意為“不得不”，一般指客觀，有時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化；而must意為“必須；應(yīng)該”，一般指主觀，沒有時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。
She has to do it herself．She has got no one to help her．
她不得不自己做，沒有人幫她。
We must do everything step by step．
我們必須循序漸進(jìn)地做一切。
(2)have to的否定式意為“不必”，而mustn't表禁止。
You don't have to buy a gift，but you can if you want to．
你沒必要買一個禮物，但是如果你想的話可以買一個。
You mustn't park here! It's an emergency exit．
你不可以在這里停車！這是緊急出口。
(3)must表示推測，意為“一定會”，只能用于肯定句。
He must be ill．He looks so pale．
他一定是病了，他的臉色如此蒼白。
(4)if you must (do sth．)表示雖不贊同但可允許，意為“如果你一定要(那么做)”。
If you must smoke，please go out．
如果你硬要吸煙，那就出去吧。
[即時訓(xùn)練2]　完成句子
①最后一趟班車已開走了，他只好步行回家。
The last bus had gone，so he ______________________．
②如果你非要走的話，至少也要等到暴風(fēng)雨結(jié)束。
______________，at least wait until the storm is over．
③我們不必慌，因?yàn)闀r間很充裕。
We ___________________．For there is plenty of time．
④法律規(guī)定禁止人們酒后駕車。
The law states that people _____________ after drinking alcohol．
3．had better
had better do sth．意為“最好做某事”，否定形式為had better not do sth．。
We had better start off now or we'll miss the flight．
我們最好現(xiàn)在出發(fā)，否則會趕不上這趟航班。
[即時訓(xùn)練3]　完成句子
①我們最好在做出最后決定之前仔細(xì)考慮一下。
We ________________________ before making the final decision．
②雨下得很大，你最好不要現(xiàn)在回家。
It's raining cats and dogs，so you __________________________．
4．need/dare
need和dare用作情態(tài)動詞時，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中，dare有時態(tài)變化。另外，need和dare也可用作實(shí)義動詞。
You needn't worry about him．
你不必為他擔(dān)心。
She dare not go out alone at night．
她晚上不敢一個人出去。
[即時訓(xùn)練4]　完成句子
①我喜歡周末，因?yàn)椴槐卦缙稹?br/>I love the weekend，because I __________________________________．
②他很害羞以至不敢在公眾場合大聲說話。
He is so shy that he _______________________________________________．
用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞完成短文
Mary 1．_____ not read for very long because of sore eyes．Her best friend suggested her having an eye examination．“You 2．__________ go to the Health Service and have your eyes examined，” her friend said．
When Mary arrived at the Health Service，she found many people queuing up there．So she 3．______ wait for her turn．When it was her turn，the doctor examined her eyes carefully and said，“I 4．____ say you don't pay attention to protecting your eyes．But you 5．_____________________ worry about it．Use some medicine and don't make your eyes too tired，and soon you will 6．__________ recover．”
This experience taught Mary the importance of protecting eyes．“There is nothing serious with my eyes，but from now on I 7．____ try to protect my eyes，” she said．
第二篇課文(Developing ideas)
①put...to the test 使……受考驗(yàn)/檢驗(yàn)
②lifestyle n．生活方式
③belong to 屬于(無進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài))
※belong v．屬于
④recognise v．認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)出
⑤swing v．(使)(前后)擺動，(使)搖擺
※there's not enough room to swing a cat (地方或空間)小的無法轉(zhuǎn)身
⑥end up (尤指經(jīng)歷一系列意外后)最終處于，到頭來
※end up doing 結(jié)果……，到頭來……
⑦h(yuǎn)oney n．蜂蜜
⑧right now 現(xiàn)在，立刻，馬上
⑨avoid v．避免，避開
※avoid doing sth．避免做某事
⑩dairy-free adj．不是動物乳制成的
seasonal adj．季節(jié)性的，時令的
catch up (on) 打聽(不在時所發(fā)生的事情)，別后敘談
bring up 撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育
construction n．建造，建筑
more or less 或多或少
satisfying adj．令人高興的，令人滿意的
homemade adj．自制的，家里做的
chef n．廚師
pretty adv．很，非常，相當(dāng)
a big shop 大型采購
convenient adj．方便的，便利的
be busy doing sth．忙于做某事
kind of 有點(diǎn)，稍微
Cold Truths
Is there any truth behind the saying “You are what you eat”[1] We put this to the test① by asking five people to open their fridge doors and talk about their lifestyles②．Can you guess which fridge belongs to③ which person Maybe you can recognise④ your own fridge here!
Ellie 24 Junior doctor
There's not enough room to swing⑤ a cat in my small apartment，so I don't cook very often．My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too tired to eat much anyway[2]．I often end up⑥ saving part of my meal for the next day．Some evenings，I'll just have something quick，like toast，or even just a yoghurt with honey⑦．As a doctor，I know I had better change the way I eat[3]，but I just don't have the time or the energy right now⑧．
[2]too...to...表示“太……而不能……”。
[3]the way后的I eat為省略關(guān)系詞(that/in which)的定語從句。
Jenny 31 Teacher
My husband and I avoid⑨ all products that come from animals[4]．This means we don't eat meat，and any milk or cheese had better be dairy-free⑩．We like cooking at home and make our meals from fresh，seasonal fruit and vegetables．Cooking together[5] gives us a chance to relax[6] and catch up on each other's days．If we have children，I want to bring them up just like us，but my husband says that everyone should be able to make their own lifestyle choices．
[4]that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞products，由于products前有all，故引導(dǎo)詞用that而不用which。
[5]此處為動詞-ing形式短語作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
[6]to relax為不定式作后置定語，修飾a chance。
Ted 35 Construction worker
Each day at the construction site is more or less the same—tiring! When I get back home，there's nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner[7]．I guess I've always been a big meat eater and in this house，no family meal is complete without some form of meat[8]．I still don't think that anything can beat my mum's homemade sausages[9]，though．
[7]此處“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級含義。
[8]no...without 為雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)。
[9]此句為否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即對賓語從句的否定通常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句動詞think上。
Mike 49 Chef
With five children，we're one big family! My wife and I both work full-time，so life can get pretty busy! Like a lot of chefs I know[10]，I don't really do much cooking at home．Sometimes I bring home food from the restaurant where I work[11]．Once a week，we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen food．I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables，but ready meals are so convenient ．
[10]此處為省略關(guān)系詞that/who(m)的定語從句，修飾先行詞chefs。
[11]此處關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the restaurant。
Max 19 College student
There are five of us living in our shared student house[12]．My mum says I need to have three healthy meals a day，but I'm too busy studying and meeting friends! We don't really buy fresh food，and I suppose the fridge could be kind of cleaner...I daren't let my mum see this photo!
[12]動詞-ing形式短語作后置定語，修飾five of us，其中shared是過去分詞，修飾student house。
冰箱真相
俗話說“人如其食”，這是真的嗎？為了檢驗(yàn)這句話，我們邀請五個人打開自己的冰箱，并聊聊他們的生活方式。你能猜出哪個冰箱屬于哪個人嗎？也許你能在這里看到自家冰箱的影子哦！
埃莉　24歲　 實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生
我的小公寓連轉(zhuǎn)身的空間都沒有，所以我不常做飯。我的冰箱通常都是半空的，反正我也經(jīng)常累得吃不下多少。我常常會把一部分飯菜留到第二天吃。有的晚上，我會只吃些快捷食品，比如吐司，或者只是酸奶配蜂蜜。作為醫(yī)生，我知道我最好改變這種飲食方式，但我現(xiàn)在完全沒有時間和精力。
珍妮　31歲　 教師
我和我丈夫什么動物制品都不吃。這意味著我們不吃肉，奶或奶酪也最好不是動物乳制成的。我們喜歡在家做飯，用新鮮的時令水果和蔬菜來烹飪。一起做飯給了我們放松的機(jī)會，也讓我們有機(jī)會聊聊彼此日常的情況。如果有了孩子，我想按照我們的生活方式養(yǎng)育他們，但我丈夫說，每個人都應(yīng)該有權(quán)選擇自己的生活方式。
特德　35歲　 建筑工人
建筑工地上每天都差不多——累！回家后，什么都比不上一頓肉食大餐更讓人心滿意足了。我想我一直都挺愛吃肉的，在我家沒有一頓飯是完全沒有肉的。不過，我還是覺得什么也比不上我媽媽做的香腸。
邁克　49歲　 廚師
我們有五個孩子，是一個大家庭！我和我的妻子都有全職工作，所以日子過得相當(dāng)忙碌！就像我認(rèn)識的許多廚師一樣，我在家里并不怎么做飯。有時候我會從上班的餐館帶一些吃的回來。我們每周大采購一次，會買許多速凍食品。我知道我們應(yīng)該多吃些新鮮水果和蔬菜，但是即食食品真的很方便。
馬克斯　19歲　 大學(xué)生
我們五個人共住一間學(xué)生公寓。媽媽常說，每日三餐要吃得健康，但我的學(xué)習(xí)和社交生活太忙了！我們不怎么買新鮮食物，而且我覺得冰箱應(yīng)該再干凈點(diǎn)兒……我可不敢讓我媽媽看到這張照片！
Period 4
核心詞匯
1．①related　②with/to　③are related to
2．①is dieting　②on　③A balanced diet and regular exercise
3．①addicted　②addiction　③addicted to chatting online or playing games
4．①n．尖，尖端　②n．指點(diǎn)，建議　③n．小費(fèi)　④v．給小費(fèi)　⑤v．(使)傾斜
5．①in　②of　③As　④In no case will he give in
6．①on　②joining　③was tricked out of
7．①from；in　②from；between　③make a huge difference
8．①limiting　②to go　③recommendation　④recommend a website to you
詞塊積累
P6
1．have the ability to do sth．　2．stay healthy 　3．the perfect solution　4．say no to chocolate
P7
1．good table manners　2．go on your first trip to the UK　3．no exception　4．place the knife and fork together　5．a(chǎn) knife and fork　6．cook through
P8
1．favourite food　2．soft drink　3．a(chǎn) salad without dressing　4．a(chǎn) glass of water
P9
1．fat free yoghurt　2．if necessary　3．persuade sb．to do sth．　4．give advice
單元語法
[即時訓(xùn)練1]
①could　②Could　③be able to　④can
[即時訓(xùn)練2]
①had to go home on foot　②If you must go　③don't have to hurry　④mustn't drive
[即時訓(xùn)練3]
①had better think it over　②had better not go home now
[即時訓(xùn)練4]
①needn't/don't need to get up early　②dare not/doesn't dare to speak loudly in public
鞏固落實(shí)
1．could　2．had better　3．had to　4．dare　5．needn't/don't have to　6．be able to　7．must
1 / 1(共57張PPT)
Period 4　
Unit 1　Food for thought
主題語境
人與社會——不同民族文化習(xí)俗
課時學(xué)案　單元語法講練(Using language)
(1)be related to　　　　 與……有關(guān)
(2)relate v． 與……有聯(lián)系；有關(guān)聯(lián)
relate...to/with… 把……與……聯(lián)系起來
relate to 與……有關(guān)聯(lián)
(3)relation n． 關(guān)系；聯(lián)系
in/with relation to 關(guān)于；與……相比
1．related adj．有關(guān)系的，相關(guān)的
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①M(fèi)any people in the area died from accidents _______(relate) to drinking alcohol．
②People usually relate happiness _______ money，which is quite wrong．
③健康問題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣及缺少鍛煉有關(guān)。
Health problems ______________ bad eating habits and a lack of exercise．
related
with/to
are related to
go on a diet　　　　　　 節(jié)食(表示動作)
be on a diet 在節(jié)食(表示狀態(tài))
a balanced diet 均衡的飲食
2．diet n．日常飲食 v．節(jié)食；進(jìn)行規(guī)定飲食
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①It is obvious that she __________(diet) now，but in my opinion，it's not necessary．
②The girl is __ a diet，hoping to become slimmer someday．
③均衡的飲食和有規(guī)律的鍛煉能幫助我們保持身心健康。
_______________________________ can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally．
is dieting
on
A balanced diet and regular exercise
(1)addict oneself to 沉迷于……
(2)addicted adj． 入了迷的，上了癮的
be/become/get addicted to... 沉迷于……
(3)addictive adj． 使人上癮的
addiction n． 入迷，嗜好，癮
3．a(chǎn)ddict n．對……著迷的人 v．使著迷；使沉迷于……
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Teenagers ________(addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression．
②Some students are now fighting their _________(addict) to computer games．
③由于缺乏自律，他們很容易沉迷于網(wǎng)上聊天或玩游戲。
Because of their lack of self-discipline，they're easily ____________________________________________．
addicted
addiction
addicted to
chatting online or playing games
[一詞多義]　寫出下列句中tip的含義
①Sorry，your name is just on the tip of my tongue． ___________
②She gave me a useful tip on growing tomatoes． _____________
③We don't need to leave a tip for the waiter，because there is a service charge included in the bill． _______
④She tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service． _________
⑤The table tipped，and all our drinks fell on the floor． ___________
4．tip n．指點(diǎn)，建議；尖，尖端；小費(fèi) v．給小費(fèi)；(使)傾斜
n．尖，尖端
n．指點(diǎn)，建議
n．小費(fèi)
v．給小費(fèi)
v．(使)傾斜
in case of 如果；假使
in this/that case 如果這樣/那樣的話
in any case 無論如何；不管怎樣
in no case 決不(位于句首句子用倒裝)
as is often the case 這是常有的事
5．in case 以防萬一；如果，假如
[名師點(diǎn)津]　in case既可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，還可以單獨(dú)使用。
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①I guess we have already talked about this question，but I'll ask you again just __ case．
②In fact，many people are at a loss as to what to do in case __ fire．
③____ is often the case，a small child will feel unhappy and cry a lot the first time he or she goes to kindergarten．
④無論困難多大，他決不會向它屈服。
_____________________ to the difficulty，no matter how great it is．(部分倒裝)
in
of
As
In no case will he give in
(1)play a trick/tricks on sb． 捉弄某人；對某人惡作劇
(2)trick sb．into doing sth． 欺騙某人做某事
trick sb．out of sth． 從某人處騙走某物
6．trick n．訣竅，技巧，技法；詭計，花招 v．欺騙，誘騙
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①People in western countries like to play a trick ____ others on April Fool's Day．
②He was tricked into _______(join) the club by a promise which was not kept．
③昨天那位老人被騙走了所有的積蓄。
The old man _______________ his life savings yesterday．
on
joining
was tricked out of
(1)differ from　　　 不同于，區(qū)別于
differ in 在……方面不同
differ with sb．on/over/about sth 與某人在某問題上的意見不同
(2)difference n． 不同；區(qū)別
tell the difference between...and ... 區(qū)分……與……的差別
make a difference 有影響；重要，要緊
(3)different adj． 不同的；相異的
differently adv． 不同地
7．differ v．不同，不一樣，有區(qū)別
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①Though we completely differ ____ each other __ character，we are still great friends．
②This picture is different ____ that one．Compare them and tell the difference _______ them．
③有時候，一個小小的善舉可能足以產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。
Sometimes，a small act of kindness may be powerful enough to ____________________．
from
in
from
between
make a huge difference
(1)recommend sth．to sb．＝ recommend sb．sth．
向某人推薦某物
recommend sb．a(chǎn)s... 推薦某人當(dāng)……
(2)recommend doing sth． 建議做某事
recommend sb．to do sth． 建議某人做某事
recommend that...(should) do sth． 建議某人做某事
(從句謂語動詞用虛擬語氣)
(3)recommendation n． 推薦；建議
8．recommend v．推薦；建議
[即學(xué)即練]　單句語法填空/完成句子
①The doctor strongly recommended ________(limit) the amount of fat in my diet．
②My English teacher recommended me _________(go) in for the examination for stage four．
③With the school adviser's ______________(recommend)，he chose the courses that suit his interests．
limiting
to go
recommendation
④我想向你推薦一個供母語非漢語的人學(xué)習(xí)漢語的網(wǎng)站，尤其適合初學(xué)者。
I'd like to ________________________，one for non-Chinese speakers who are learning Chinese，especially for beginners．
recommend a website to you
P6
1．have the ability to do sth．有能力做某事
2．stay healthy 保持健康
3．the perfect solution 完美的解決方案
4．say no to chocolate 對巧克力說不
P7
1．good table manners 良好的餐桌禮儀
2．go on your first trip to the UK 第一次去英國旅行
3．no exception 無一例外
4．place the knife and fork together 把刀叉放在一起
5．a(chǎn) knife and fork 一副刀叉
6．cook through 煮熟
P8
1．favourite food 最喜歡的食物
2．soft drink 軟飲料(不含酒精的飲料)
3．a(chǎn) salad without dressing 一份不加調(diào)料的沙拉
4．a(chǎn) glass of water 一杯水
P9
1．fat-free yoghurt 脫脂酸奶
2．if necessary 如果有必要
3．persuade sb．to do sth．說服某人做某事
4．give advice 給出建議
情態(tài)動詞(1)
一、情態(tài)動詞的特征
1．情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和動詞原形，即與不帶to的不定式連用，才能構(gòu)成謂語。
2．情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化(have to例外，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用has to)。
二、情態(tài)動詞的基本用法
1．be able to/can/could
(1)表示能力。be able to和can都表示能力，意義基本一致。但be able to可用于多種時態(tài)，而can只有現(xiàn)在式和過去式(could)。
She can/is able to play a few simple tunes on the piano．
她能用鋼琴彈一些簡單的曲子。
He tells us that he'll be able to be home for the holiday．
他告訴我們他將能回家休假。
[名師點(diǎn)津]　was/were able to表示經(jīng)過一番努力，最后做成了某事；而could表示過去一般的能力。
It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they had done for me．
我過了好久才能完全理解他們?yōu)槲易龅氖虑椤?br/>By the time she was eight，she could read Greek and Latin．
她8歲時就會讀希臘文和拉丁文了。
(2)表示推測。can表示推測，常用于疑問句和否定句。有時也可用于肯定句表示理論上的可能性，could表示較小的可能性。
What can they be doing there
他們可能正在那里干什么？
He can't be in the classroom，for the light has been turned off．
他不可能在教室，因?yàn)闊粢殃P(guān)了。
Everything can happen; everything is possible and probable．
任何事情都有可能發(fā)生， 沒有什么是不可能的。
(3)表示請求和允許。在問句中，could比can語氣更委婉。
—Could I use your bike
——我可以用你的自行車嗎？
—Of course you can．
——當(dāng)然可以。
[即時訓(xùn)練1]　選詞填空(can，could，be able to)
①She _____ play several instruments at the age of eight．
②_____ I have a word with you，if you're not too busy
③He won't __________ come again tomorrow because he is very busy．
④Parents are doing all they _____ to help their children achieve their ambitions．
could
Could
be able to
can
2．have to/must
(1)have to意為“不得不”，一般指客觀，有時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化；而must意為“必須；應(yīng)該”，一般指主觀，沒有時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。
She has to do it herself．She has got no one to help her．
她不得不自己做，沒有人幫她。
We must do everything step by step．
我們必須循序漸進(jìn)地做一切。
(2)have to的否定式意為“不必”，而mustn't表禁止。
You don't have to buy a gift，but you can if you want to．
你沒必要買一個禮物，但是如果你想的話可以買一個。
You mustn't park here! It's an emergency exit．
你不可以在這里停車！這是緊急出口。
(3)must表示推測，意為“一定會”，只能用于肯定句。
He must be ill．He looks so pale．
他一定是病了，他的臉色如此蒼白。
(4)if you must (do sth．)表示雖不贊同但可允許，意為“如果你一定要(那么做)”。
If you must smoke，please go out．
如果你硬要吸煙，那就出去吧。
[即時訓(xùn)練2]　完成句子
①最后一趟班車已開走了，他只好步行回家。
The last bus had gone，so he ______________________．
②如果你非要走的話，至少也要等到暴風(fēng)雨結(jié)束。
_____________，at least wait until the storm is over．
③我們不必慌，因?yàn)闀r間很充裕。
We ___________________．For there is plenty of time．
④法律規(guī)定禁止人們酒后駕車。
The law states that people _____________ after drinking alcohol．
had to go home on foot
If you must go
don't have to hurry
mustn't drive
3．had better
had better do sth．意為“最好做某事”，否定形式為had better not do sth．。
We had better start off now or we'll miss the flight．
我們最好現(xiàn)在出發(fā)，否則會趕不上這趟航班。
[即時訓(xùn)練3]　完成句子
①我們最好在做出最后決定之前仔細(xì)考慮一下。
We ___________________ before making the final decision．
②雨下得很大，你最好不要現(xiàn)在回家。
It's raining cats and dogs，so you __________________________．
had better think it over
had better not go home now
4．need/dare
need和dare用作情態(tài)動詞時，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件從句中，dare有時態(tài)變化。另外，need和dare也可用作實(shí)義動詞。
You needn't worry about him．
你不必為他擔(dān)心。
She dare not go out alone at night．
她晚上不敢一個人出去。
[即時訓(xùn)練4]　完成句子
①我喜歡周末，因?yàn)椴槐卦缙稹?br/>I love the weekend，because I _______________________________．
②他很害羞以至不敢在公眾場合大聲說話。
He is so shy that he ________________________________________．
needn't/don't need to get up early
dare not/doesn't dare to speak loudly in public
用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞完成短文
Mary 1．_____ not read for very long because of sore eyes．Her best friend suggested her having an eye examination．“You 2．__________ go to the Health Service and have your eyes examined，” her friend said．
could
had better
When Mary arrived at the Health Service，she found many people queuing up there．So she 3．______ wait for her turn．When it was her turn，the doctor examined her eyes carefully and said，“I 4．____ say you don't pay attention to protecting your eyes．But you 5．_____________________ worry about it．Use some medicine and don't make your eyes too tired，and soon you will 6．__________ recover．”
This experience taught Mary the importance of protecting eyes．“There is nothing serious with my eyes，but from now on I 7．____ try to protect my eyes，” she said．
had to
dare
needn't/don't have to
be able to
must
①put...to the test 使……受考驗(yàn)/檢驗(yàn)
②lifestyle n．生活方式
③belong to 屬于(無進(jìn)行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài))
※belong v．屬于
④recognise v．認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)出
⑤swing v．(使)(前后)擺動，(使)搖擺
※there's not enough room to swing a cat (地方或空間)小的無法轉(zhuǎn)身
課下預(yù)習(xí)　第二篇課文(Developing ideas)
⑥end up (尤指經(jīng)歷一系列意外后)最終處于，到頭來
※end up doing 結(jié)果……，到頭來……
⑦h(yuǎn)oney n．蜂蜜
⑧right now 現(xiàn)在，立刻，馬上
⑨avoid v．避免，避開
※avoid doing sth．避免做某事
⑩dairy-free adj．不是動物乳制成的
seasonal adj．季節(jié)性的，時令的
catch up (on) 打聽(不在時所發(fā)生的事情)，別后敘談
bring up 撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育
construction n．建造，建筑
more or less 或多或少
satisfying adj．令人高興的，令人滿意的
homemade adj．自制的，家里做的
chef n．廚師
pretty adv．很，非常，相當(dāng)
a big shop 大型采購
convenient adj．方便的，便利的
be busy doing sth．忙于做某事
kind of 有點(diǎn)，稍微
Cold Truths
Is there any truth behind the saying “You are what you eat”[1] We put this to the test① by asking five people to open their fridge doors and talk about their lifestyles②．Can you guess which fridge belongs to③ which person Maybe you can recognise④ your own fridge here!
Ellie 24 Junior doctor
There's not enough room to swing⑤ a cat in my small apartment，so I don't cook very often．My fridge is usually half empty and I'm often too tired to eat much anyway[2]．I often end up⑥ saving part of my meal for the next day．Some evenings，I'll just have something quick，like toast，or even just a yoghurt with honey⑦．As a doctor，I know I had better change the way I eat[3]，but I just don't have the time or the energy right now⑧．
[2]too...to...表示“太……而不能……”。
[3]the way后的I eat為省略關(guān)系詞(that/in which)的定語從句。
Jenny 31 Teacher
My husband and I avoid⑨ all products that come from animals[4]．This means we don't eat meat，and any milk or cheese had better be dairy-free⑩．We like cooking at home and make our meals from fresh，seasonal fruit and vegetables．Cooking together[5] gives us a chance to relax[6] and catch up on each other's days．If we have children，I want to bring them up just like us，but my husband says that everyone should be able to make their own lifestyle choices．
[4]that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞products，由于products前有all，故引導(dǎo)詞用that而不用which。
[5]此處為動詞-ing形式短語作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
[6]to relax為不定式作后置定語，修飾a chance。
Ted 35 Construction worker
Each day at the construction site is more or less the same—tiring! When I get back home，there's nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner[7]．I guess I've always been a big meat eater and in this house，no family meal is complete without some form of meat[8]．I still don't think that anything can beat my mum's homemade sausages[9]，though．
[7]此處“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級含義。
[8]no...without 為雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)。
[9]此句為否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即對賓語從句的否定通常轉(zhuǎn)移到主句動詞think上。
Mike 49 Chef
With five children，we're one big family! My wife and I both work full-time，so life can get pretty busy! Like a lot of chefs I know[10]，I don't really do much cooking at home．Sometimes I bring home food from the restaurant where I work[11]．Once a week，we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen food．I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables，but ready meals are so convenient ．
[10]此處為省略關(guān)系詞that/who(m)的定語從句，修飾先行詞chefs。
[11]此處關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the restaurant。
Max 19 College student
There are five of us living in our shared student house[12]．My mum says I need to have three healthy meals a day，but I'm too busy studying and meeting friends! We don't really buy fresh food，and I suppose the fridge could be kind of cleaner...I daren't let my mum see this photo!
[12]動詞-ing形式短語作后置定語，修飾five of us，其中shared是過去分詞，修飾student house。
冰箱真相
俗話說“人如其食”，這是真的嗎？為了檢驗(yàn)這句話，我們邀請五個人打開自己的冰箱，并聊聊他們的生活方式。你能猜出哪個冰箱屬于哪個人嗎？也許你能在這里看到自家冰箱的影子哦！
埃莉　24歲　 實(shí)習(xí)醫(yī)生
我的小公寓連轉(zhuǎn)身的空間都沒有，所以我不常做飯。我的冰箱通常都是半空的，反正我也經(jīng)常累得吃不下多少。我常常會把一部分飯菜留到第二天吃。有的晚上，我會只吃些快捷食品，比如吐司，或者只是酸奶配蜂蜜。作為醫(yī)生，我知道我最好改變這種飲食方式，但我現(xiàn)在完全沒有時間和精力。
珍妮　31歲　 教師
我和我丈夫什么動物制品都不吃。這意味著我們不吃肉，奶或奶酪也最好不是動物乳制成的。我們喜歡在家做飯，用新鮮的時令水果和蔬菜來烹飪。一起做飯給了我們放松的機(jī)會，也讓我們有機(jī)會聊聊彼此日常的情況。如果有了孩子，我想按照我們的生活方式養(yǎng)育他們，但我丈夫說，每個人都應(yīng)該有權(quán)選擇自己的生活方式。
特德　35歲　 建筑工人
建筑工地上每天都差不多——累！回家后，什么都比不上一頓肉食大餐更讓人心滿意足了。我想我一直都挺愛吃肉的，在我家沒有一頓飯是完全沒有肉的。不過，我還是覺得什么也比不上我媽媽做的香腸。
邁克　49歲　 廚師
我們有五個孩子，是一個大家庭！我和我的妻子都有全職工作，所以日子過得相當(dāng)忙碌！就像我認(rèn)識的許多廚師一樣，我在家里并不怎么做飯。有時候我會從上班的餐館帶一些吃的回來。我們每周大采購一次，會買許多速凍食品。我知道我們應(yīng)該多吃些新鮮水果和蔬菜，但是即食食品真的很方便。
馬克斯　19歲　 大學(xué)生
我們五個人共住一間學(xué)生公寓。媽媽常說，每日三餐要吃得健康，但我的學(xué)習(xí)和社交生活太忙了！我們不怎么買新鮮食物，而且我覺得冰箱應(yīng)該再干凈點(diǎn)兒……我可不敢讓我媽媽看到這張照片！
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