資源簡介

英語　選擇性必修 第一冊 RJ
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一　閱讀單詞(10個)
寫出英語單詞
1．hybrid n. 雜交植(動)物；合成物；混合動力車
2．pollinate vt. 授粉；傳粉
3．domestic adj. 本國的；國內的；家用的；家庭的
4．strain n. (動、植物的)系；品種；拉傷；壓力
5．soil n. 泥土；土壤；國土；領土
6．celebrity n. 名望；名譽；名人；名流
7．envision vt. 展望；想象
8．sorghum n. 高粱；高粱米
9．broom n. 掃把；掃帚；金雀花
10．grain n. 谷物；谷粒；顆粒
二　核心單詞(13個)
A．寫出英語單詞
1．tackle vt. 解決(難題)；應付(局面)；處理
2．crisis n. (pl. crises) 危機；危急關頭
3．boost vt. 使增長；使興旺　n. 增長；提高；激勵
4．yield n. 產量；產出　vt. 出產(作物)；產生(收益、效益等)　vi. 屈服；讓步
5．attain vt. (通常經過努力)獲得；得到
6．intense adj. 熱切的；十分強烈的；激烈的
7．overcome vt. 克服；解決；戰勝
8．expand vt.& vi. 擴大；增加　vt. 擴展；發展(業務)
9．output n. 產量；輸出；輸出量　vt. 輸出
10．estimate vt. 估計；估價；估算　n. 估計；估算
11．comprise vt. 包括；包含；由……組成
12．leisure n. 閑暇；休閑；空閑
13．salty adj. 含鹽的；咸的
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(劍橋高階)It was difficult to estimate how many trees had been destroyed.
2．(朗文當代)The computer industry has expanded greatly over the last decade.
3．(牛津高階)The average output of the factory is 20 cars a day.
4．(牛津高階)Spend the afternoon at leisure in the town centre.
5．(柯林斯詞典)We need a big win to boost our confidence.
6．(朗文當代)The house comprises two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a living room.
三　拓展單詞(9個)
A．寫出英語單詞，并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．devote vt. 把……獻(給)；把……專用于；專心于→devoted adj. 摯愛的；忠誠的；全心全意的→devotion n. 奉獻；忠誠；關愛
2．shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺→short adj. 不足的；短缺的→shorten v. (使)變短，縮短
3．convince vt. 使相信；使確信；說服→convinced adj. 確信的→convincing adj. 有說服力的
4．characteristic n. 特征；特點；品質　adj. 典型的；獨特的→characteristically adv. 特性地；典型地→characterize vt. 描述；是……的特征；以……為典型→character n. 性格；特點；角色；文字；符號
5．conventional adj. 傳統的；習慣的→convention n. 習俗；常規；慣例
6．assumption n. 假定；設定；(責任的)承擔；(權力的)獲得→assume v. 假定；假設→assuming conj. 假定……為真；假如
7．consumption n. 消耗；消耗量；消費→consume vt. 消費；吃；喝；耗費(燃料、能量、時間等)
8．generate vt. 產生；引起→generation n. 一代；(統稱)一代人；一屆；產生
9．reality n. 現實；實際情況；事實→real adj. 真實的；真正的；真的→really adv. 真正地；真實地；非常
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(劍橋高階)It's useless trying to convince her that she doesn't need to lose any weight.
2．(朗文當代)You have to bake the cake for 30 minutes in a conventional oven.
3．(牛津高階)We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up.
4．(劍橋高階)We need to cut down on our fuel consumption by having fewer cars on the road.
5．(牛津高階)The proposal has generated a lot of interest.
6．(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
7．He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
四　熟詞生義(1個)
A．翻譯
1．(朗文當代)She suffered temporary loss of vision after being struck on the head.
她頭部被擊中后暫時失明。
2．(牛津高階)The couple moved outside her field of vision.
這對夫婦離開了她的視野。
3．(牛津高階)Maybe you had visions of being surrounded by happy, smiling children.
也許你想象過身邊圍繞著快樂微笑的孩子。
4．(牛津高階)We get good vision but poor sound on this set.
這臺電視機圖像清晰，但聲音不好。
B．寫出下面單詞的熟義/生義
vision (教材P51)
熟義　n. 視力；視野
生義　n. 想象；影像
五　重點短語(3個)
A．寫出英語短語
1．devote__...__to 把……用于；獻身；致力；專心
2．be__comprised__of 包括；包含；由……組成(或構成)
3．deep__down 在內心深處；本質上；實際上
B．用上面的短語填空，使句意完整
1．(劍橋高階)The class is__comprised mainly of Italian and French students.
2．(柯林斯詞典)He devoted his energies to the reformation of science.
3．(柯林斯詞典)She can seem stern, but deep__down she's a very kind person.
1 devote vt. 把……獻(給)；把……專用于；專心于(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)The original intention was to devote three months to the project.
最初的計劃是在這個項目上投入三個月的時間。
②(柯林斯詞典)She gladly gave up her part－time job to devote herself entirely to her art.
她欣然放棄了兼職工作，全身心地投入到藝術中去。
③(牛津高階)She is devoted to her children.
她深愛她的孩子。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Her devotion (devote) to the job left her with very little free time.
②I have personally been devoted to this cause for many years.
③The scientific team devote themselves to seeking (seek) for traces of wild foxes.
【輸出】翻譯
④他晚年主要從事慈善工作。
His__later__years__were__devoted__largely__to__charitable__work.
2 convince vt. 使相信；使確信；說服(教材P50)
歸納
①(牛津高階)You need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
你要使他們相信你殷切希望得到這份工作。
②(劍橋高階)I hope this will convince you to change your mind.
我希望這能說服你改變主意。
③(中國日報)A good leader should convince his/her followers that his/her policies serve their interests.
一個好的領導者應該讓他/她的追隨者相信他/她的政策符合他們的利益。
④(劍橋高階)I didn't find the ending of the film very convincing.
我覺得這部電影的結局不是很有說服力。
【運用】單句語法填空
①I'm still not totally convinced that he knows what he's doing.
②I've been trying to convince him to__see (see) a doctor.
③Thomas, in her opinion, could convince anyone of anything.
【輸出】翻譯
④He became convinced of the need for cheap editions of good quality writing.
他確信需要高質量作品的簡裝本。
3 characteristic n. 特征；特點；品質　adj. 典型的；獨特的(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(劍橋高階)The creamy richness is characteristic of the cheese from this region.
奶油濃郁是這一地區奶酪的特點。
②(牛津高階)Characteristically she took the joke very well.
從她的性格來說，她經得起那個玩笑。
③(劍橋高階)Bright colours and bold strokes characterize his early paintings.
明亮的色彩和大膽的筆觸是他早期繪畫的特點。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Chinese city culture is characteristically (characteristic) regional.
②How would you characterize (character) the Chinese way of doing business
③A characteristic of this animal is its ability to live for a long time without water.
【輸出】翻譯
④He spoke with characteristic enthusiasm.
他以特有的熱情說話。
4 assumption n. 假定；設定；(責任的)承擔；(權力的)獲得(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(朗文當代)People make a lot of assumptions about me.
人們對我有很多假設。
②(劍橋高階)We can't assume the suspects to be guilty simply because they've decided to remain silent.
我們不能僅僅因為嫌疑人決定保持沉默就認定他們有罪。
③(牛津高階)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍認為，壓力是工作過重所致。
④(牛津高階)We can all leave together assuming (that) the others aren't late.
我們大家可以一起走——假定其他人不耽擱的話。
【運用】單句語法填空
①I had assumed him to__be (be) an American.
②It is assumed that you are interested in achieving greater self－awareness.
③It was impossible to make assumptions (assume) about people's reactions.
【輸出】翻譯
④假定他還活著，現在有多大年紀了？
Assuming__(that)__he's__still__alive,__how__old__would__he__be__now __
5 expand vt.& vi. 擴大；增加　vt. 擴展；發展(業務)(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)Why not try to expand your story into a novel
你怎么不把你的故事擴展成小說呢？
②(中國日報)It is sometimes difficult for companies to expand their advantages to other areas and regions.
有時，公司很難將其優勢擴展到其他領域和地區。
③(柯林斯詞典)The president used today's speech to expand on remarks he made last month.
總統利用今天的演講更充分地闡述了他上個月所講的話。
【運用】單句語法填空
①The company has abandoned plans for further expansion (expand)．
②The several villages expanded into one large town, which attracted more businesses.
【輸出】翻譯
③請你把這一點詳細說明一下好嗎？
Could__you__expand__on/upon__that__point,__please
6 estimate vt. 估計；估價；估算　n. 估計；估算(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)We estimated his income at/to be about ￡8，000 a year.
我們估計他一年的收入大約是8，000英鎊。
②(牛津高階)It is estimated (that) the project will last four years.
據估計，這項工程將持續四年。
③(劍橋高階)We'll accept the lowest of three estimates for the building work.
我們將接受建筑工程三個估價中最低的一個。
【運用】單句語法填空
①We asked our builder to estimate for the repair of the ceiling.
②Organizers estimated the crowd at 50，000.
【輸出】翻譯
③預計大樓十個月可以完工。
It__is__estimated__that__the__building__will__be__completed__in__ten__months.
7 reality n. 現實；實際情況；事實(教材P51)
歸納
①(牛津高階)She tried to turn her dream of running her own business into reality.
她努力實現經營自己企業的夢想。
②(劍橋高階)He seemed very young, but he was in reality older than all of us.
他看起來很年輕，但實際上他比我們所有人都要大。
③(劍橋高階)I thought it was just a fire practice but apparently it was for real.
我以為這只是一次消防演習，但很明顯它是真的。
④(2023·全國乙卷)I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.
我發現在冬天的那幾個月里，房子周圍的植物真的能改善你的心情。
【運用】單句語法填空
①In my experience, very few people really (real) understand the problem.
②His theories are somewhat remote from reality (real).
【輸出】翻譯
③Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.
表面上看，她顯得信心十足，而實際上她緊張得要命。
be comprised of 包括；包含；由……組成(或構成)(教材P50～51)
歸納
①(中國日報)At the Breeze－Ruffled Lotus at Quyuan Garden, we met tour groups mainly comprised of the elderly.
在屈原園的曲院風荷，我們遇到了以老人為主的旅游團。
②(2024·北京高考)The 18th－century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things－in－themselves that are unknowable.
18世紀的哲學家康德認為，宇宙最終由不可知的事物本身組成。
③(牛津高階)The course is made up of 12 two－hour sessions.
這門課總共上12次，每次兩小時。
【運用】單句語法填空
①The fountain was comprised of three stone basins.
②The entire universe is made up of different kinds of matter.
③Output consists (consist) of both exports and sales on the domestic market.
【輸出】翻譯
④So, is happiness honestly just comprised of “things”？
所以，幸福真的是由“物質”組成的嗎？
⑤早餐有無黃油的面包和一杯茶。
Breakfast__consisted__of__dry__bread__and__a__cup__of__tea.
1 [教材原句P50]Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. 確實，他瘦削但結實的身軀看起來和他為之奉獻了一生的千千萬萬的中國農民一樣。
剖析 “介詞＋關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句，關系代詞whom在從句中作介詞to的賓語。
歸納
①(牛津高階)Her mother, in whom she confided, said she would support her unconditionally.
她向母親坦露心扉，母親說將無條件地支持她。
②(2024·T8聯考)Since the 1950s, some 9.2 billion tonnes of plastic have been produced globally, of which only about 10% has ever been recycled.
自20世紀50年代以來，全球共生產了約92億噸塑料，其中只有約10%被回收利用。
③(柯林斯詞典)Their business came from a few big publishers, all of whose books they bound.
他們的生意來自幾家大出版社，這些出版社所有的書都由其裝訂。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Mandela was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
②Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on a diet.
【輸出】翻譯
③我在做不同類型的運動，所有這些運動都對我的健康很有幫助。
I__am__doing__different__types__of__exercises,__all__of__which__are__quite__helpful__to__my__health.
2 [教材原句P51]Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. 考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當富有，人們可能認為他會退休享受閑適的生活。
剖析 given that為連詞，此處意為“考慮到……”，引導原因狀語從句。
歸納
①(中國日報)But given that the movement is so strong and it's so clear that it is so strong, I think something will happen.(原因狀語從句)
但考慮到這場運動如此強大，而且很明顯它很強大，我認為會發生一些事情。
②Given the chance, I'd do it again.(條件狀語)
如果還有機會，我會再干一次的。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Given (give) her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.
②Given that the boys are really smart, I don't believe they have fallen behind.
【輸出】翻譯
③考慮到這樣的情況，你已經做得很好了。
Given__the__circumstances,__you've__done__really__well.
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
所有人的先驅
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”， was one of China's most famous scientists.
袁隆平，被稱為“雜交水稻之父”，是中國最著名的科學家之一。
Yet, he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research.
然而，他認為自己是一個農民，因為在他的研究中，他持續在土地上作業。
Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.
確實，他瘦削但結實的身軀看起來和他為之奉獻一生的千千萬萬的中國農民一樣。
難句分析
①過去分詞短語known as ... 作定語，對句子的主語Yuan Longping進行補充說明。
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.
袁隆平1930年出生于北京。
His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.
他的父母希望他從事科學或醫學方面的事業。
However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
然而，最讓他擔心的是，農民經常收成不好，并且有時甚至會嚴重缺乏吃的食物。
To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
為了解決這一危機，他選擇研究農業，并在位于重慶的西南農學院接受了教育。
難句分析
②what concerned him most是主語從句； that farmers ... to eat是表語從句； had poor ... 與 had a ... 是并列關系。
After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher.
1953年畢業后，他從事研究工作。
Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.
袁隆平意識到更多的耕地不是解決辦法。
Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.
相反，農民需要提高他們所擁有的土地的產量。
How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
在當時，如何做到這一點是一個具有挑戰性的難題。
Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.
袁隆平確信，答案會在雜交水稻的培育中找到。
A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species.
雜交就是一個物種的兩個或兩個以上變種的結合。
難句分析
③they had是定語從句，修飾先行詞the__fields，從句省略了引導詞that/which，引導詞在從句中作賓語。
One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.
雜交作物的一個特點是它們通?？色@得比傳統作物更高的產量。
However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
然而，是否有可能培育出一種自花傳粉的雜交植物，如水稻，是一件有很大爭議的事情。
The common assumption then was that it could not be done.
當時普遍的假設是這無法做到。
Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.
通過不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技術困難，于1974年培育出了第一種可用于農業生產的雜交水稻。
This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
這種雜交水稻使農民大大增加了產量。
難句分析
④Through intense effort是方式狀語；that could be used for farming in 1974是定語從句，修飾先行詞hybrid rice。
Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
據估計，目前中國國內約60%的水稻消費是由袁隆平的雜交品種生產的作物構成的，而且他的水稻品種使中國農民每年生產出約兩億噸大米。
Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.
袁隆平的創新不僅幫助養活了中國，也養活了許多其他依賴大米的國家，如印度和越南。
Because of his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad.
由于他的寶貴貢獻，袁隆平在國內外獲得了無數獎項。
難句分析
⑤it是形式主語。that about ... rice per year是主語從句，作真正的主語；generated from Yuan's hybrid strains是過去分詞短語作crops 的后置定語；to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year是不定式短語作賓語補足語。
Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當富有，人們可能認為他會退休享受閑適的生活。
However, this is far from the case.
然而，事實遠非如此。
Deep down, Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.
實際上，袁隆平在內心深處仍然是一位農民。
As a man of the soil, he cared little for celebrity or money.
作為跟土地打交道的人，他不太在乎名聲或金錢。
Instead, he made large donations to support agricultural research.
相反，他捐出巨資以支持農業研究。
難句分析
⑥he would have retired to a life of leisure為賓語從句，省略連接詞that。
What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.
袁隆平給人印象最深的是他不斷實現夢想的能力。
Long ago, he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.
很久以前，他設想過水稻像高粱一樣高，每穗水稻像掃帚一樣大，每粒大米像花生一樣大。
He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad.
他成功地生產出一種能養活國內外更多人的水稻。
His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality, and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.
他后來對“海水稻”的設想也成為現實，并可能在中國開辟近100萬平方公里的鹽堿地用于水稻生產。
Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next.
甚至在他晚年，袁隆平內心依然年輕，充滿憧憬，并且大家一直在興奮地等待見證他下一步的夢想。
難句分析
⑦What impressed ... Yuan Longping是主語從句； to fulfil his dreams是不定式短語作ability的后置定語。
Ⅰ.根據語境及首字母提示完成句子
1．A mule is a h________ of a male donkey and a female horse.
答案：hybrid
2．Getting that job did a lot to b________ his confidence.
答案：boost
3．It was a period of i________ activity.
答案：intense
4．The two groups of children have quite different c________.
答案：characteristics
5．The trees on the mountains within my range of v________ had all been cut down.
答案：vision
6．I like to go to the cinema when I have l________ time.
答案：leisure
7．To succeed, you must learn to o________ obstacles.
答案：overcome
8．Many people know how to a________ success, but few know how to make the best use of it.
答案：attain
9．She drew a sharp distinction between d________ and international politics.
答案：domestic
10．Being an online c________ doesn't mean what she thinks is of correct value.
答案：celebrity
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．Many companies are suffering from a ________ (short) of skilled staff.
答案：shortage
2．It's not a hotel, in the ________ (convention) sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel.
答案：conventional
3．The average daily ________ (consume) of fruit and vegetables is around 200 grams.
答案：consumption
4．When you swim in the sea, you feel that the water is ________ (salt)．
答案：salty
5．He reluctantly yielded ________ their demands.
答案：to
6．Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion ________ the cause of education.
答案：to
7．She was no longer able to distinguish between imagination and ________ (real).
答案：reality
8．There are more stars in the sky than ________ (grain) of sand on the beach.
答案：grains
9．She has inspired a whole ________ (generate) of fashion school graduates.
答案：generation
10．The president used today's speech to expand ________ remarks he made last month.
答案：on/upon
Ⅲ.選詞填空
deep down; be comprised of; be devoted to; be convinced that; given that
1．I ____________ he is the most honest in the world.
答案：am convinced that
2．I have so many friends, but ____________， I have a fear of loneliness.
答案：deep down
3．The final term will ____________ the social project.
答案：be devoted to
4．____________ you are still young, I forgive you.
答案：Given that
5．Six of the top 10 passwords ____________ only numbers.
答案：are comprised of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我們必須百尺竿頭，更進一步，才能達到目的。
Still greater efforts are needed before we can________________.
答案：attain our goal
2．他太頑固了，你根本無法說服他改變主意。
He is so stubborn that you cannot ________________________ his ideas.
答案：convince him to change
3．根據這個假設，我們可以得出上面的結論。
____________________________， we can reach the conclusion as above.
答案：According to this assumption
4．水和食物是身體產生熱量所必需的。
Food and water are necessary for your body to ____________．
答案：generate heat
5．我們增開了兩個商店以擴展業務。
We've opened two more stores__________________________．
答案：to expand the business
課后課時作業(一)
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
The first great agricultural revolution happened 10，000 years ago, when humans settled on farms. The second was the “green revolution” from the 1930s to the 1960s, in which advances in fertilization, mechanization, and irrigation dramatically increased global food production. The third is likely to come from information, as digital technology and big data help farmers make better decisions and drive up crop production.
Michael Stern, president and chief executive officer of Climate Corp, said that the ability to gather detailed information about farmers' fields, coupled with advances in weather forecasting, computing power, and artificial intelligence, will change farming from a business that often reacts to the past—applying insecticide this year because of a disease outbreak last year—to one that uses real time data and weather forecasts to make more accurate decisions for the season to come.
Over the course of a growing season, farmers make 40 to 50 key decisions that affect crop performance. Recent trends that have swept other areas of society—such as cheap data storage, the ability to transfer data wirelessly, and dramatic increases in computing power—have the potential to transform the farm.
Stern offered the example of a farmer preparing for the regular fall fertilizing of his fields who delays the application after being informed of a coming storm. That decision reduces runoff, keeps fertilizer on the field, and helps control farmers' costs. As data gathers season after season, computer models will help farmers better manage fertilizer and other additions to optimize production and minimize runoff.
Remote sensing is another way that modern technology can help farmers know what's going on in their fields. Many farmers drive around to monitor growth and watch for pests and diseases. But these surveys are typically random and don't cover more than 2 percent of a field. Remote sensing can provide accurate data that covers an entire field and enables recommendations tailored to what's going on in the stricken area.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了第三次農業革命可能來自信息，數字技術和大數據在農業中的運用，將有助于農民做出更好的決策，從而提高作物產量。
1．What may the third agricultural revolution help farmers do in the future
A．Make reasonable decisions.
B．Grasp computing ability.
C．Deal with big data.
D．Develop business potentials.
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句“The third is likely ... up crop production.”可知，第三次農業革命可以幫助農民做出合理的決定。故選A。
2．Why did the author give an example in Paragraph 4 according to the text
A．To confirm the coming of a storm.
B．To explain the reason of fertilizer runoff.
C．To stress the effect of information application.
D．To show the use of computer models.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可推知，作者用一個具體事例來展示了計算機模型的具體應用。故選D。
3．What is the advantage of the remote sensing technology
A．It can show typical random.
B．It can drive up crop production.
C．It can remove pests and diseases.
D．It can offer exact statistics.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段最后一句“Remote sensing can provide ... in the stricken area. (遙感可以提供覆蓋整個地區的準確數據，并根據受災地區的情況提供建議。)”可知，遙感技術可以提供準確的統計數據。故選D。
4．What is the author's attitude to the coming agriculture revolution
A．Opposed. B．Neutral.
C．Positive. D．Unclear.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“The third is likely ... drive up crop production.”以及后文舉例證明這一點可推知，作者對即將到來的第三次農業革命持有積極的態度。故選C。
B
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種室內花園系統——巴比倫微農場(BMF)的優勢，它不僅能為家庭和大型機構提供新鮮蔬菜，還能利用云技術遠程監控和自動化操作，促進了可持續性和環保。
5．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A．It guarantees the variety of food.
B．It requires day to day care.
C．It cuts the farm to table distance.
D．It relies on farmer's markets.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“However, most produce at the store ... reaching the table.”和“Babylon Micro－Farm (BMF) shortens it even more”可知，大部分商店的農產品要經歷幾周的運輸并跨越很長距離才能到達人們的餐桌。BMF系統大大縮短了這一過程。由此可知，BMF縮短了從農場到餐桌的距離。故選C。
6．What information does the convenient app offer
A．Real time weather changes.
B．Current condition of the plants.
C．Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D．Availability of pre seeded pods.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“there is a ... in real time”可知，便捷的應用程序實時提供植物的生長數據。故選B。
7．What can be concluded about BMF employees
A．They have a great passion for sports.
B．They are devoted to community service.
C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D．They have a strong environmental awareness.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，BMF員工們在日常生活中踐行可持續發展，大約半數的員工走路或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過限制垃圾桶的數量及避免使用一次性塑料的方式鼓勵回收利用及減少廢物。他們都熱衷于減少環境中的廢物、碳和化學物質。由此可推知，BMF公司的員工有著強烈的環保意識。故選D。
8．What does the text mainly talk about
A．BMF's major strengths.
B．BMF's general management.
C．BMF's global influence.
D．BMF's technical standards.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹BMF系統縮短了食物到餐桌的運輸過程，第二至四段介紹了BMF的創新設計系統及其優勢，最后一段介紹了BMF員工在生活和工作中踐行可持續發展。由此可知，文章主要介紹了BMF的優勢。故選A。
Ⅱ　七選五
Small space gardening is both efficient and convenient. Being able to produce food without a large area is a truly useful skill. And among all the foods, few are better than potatoes.
__1__ Besides, just about everyone likes them. Seriously, have you ever met someone who doesn't enjoy potatoes one way or another
Now, learn how to grow potatoes in a box. __2__ Read on and think about all the great food you could make using this easy guide.
Before growing potatoes, let's first build a 4 by 4 wooden box. __3__ What's best about this box is that you can use it, again and again, for different growing seasons.
The first step is cutting the 2×2 inches board into pieces of 33 inches in length; four pieces will be enough. Then, take the 2×6 boards and cut them into 12 lengths of 21 inches and 12 lengths of 24 inches. Make some holes in these and attach the bottom row on the 2×2 boards. Place this part over the soil and plant potatoes about 4 inches deep. Wait about five months for the potatoes to grow up. __4__
You see, you don't need a huge vegetable garden to grow potatoes. __5__ Now, start your creative handy work, and you will have a green thumb.
A．Once they've grown, dig up, eat up, and enjoy!
B．Make sure you use woods which are food grade.
C．They are tasty, multifunctional (多功能的), and easy to grow.
D．The DIY square garden design is easy and inexpensive.
E．Make sure you don't cover more than a third of the plant.
F．With your hands reach in the box and grab your potatoes.
G．A small garden design used wisely will give you all you need.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在木質盒子里種植土豆的方法，從而說明小型菜園設計的簡易實惠。
1．答案：C
解析：上文“Being able to produce food ... few are better than potatoes.(能夠在小空間種植糧食作物是一個真的很有用的技能。這些糧食作物中，土豆是最好的。)”說明在小空間種植糧食作物，土豆是最好的選擇。C項(它們味道好，營養豐富，易于種植。)解釋了原因。故選C。
2．答案：D
解析：下文“Read on and think about all the great food you could make using this easy guide.(繼續讀下去，思考使用這一簡易指南可以做出的所
有美食。)”提到要使用某一指南，說明設空處提到了與指南相關的內容，D項(自制方形菜園設計既容易又不貴。)符合語境，選項中的“easy”與下文中的“easy”一致。故選D。
3．答案：B
解析：上文“Before growing potatoes, let's first build a 4 by 4 wooden box.(在種土豆之前，我們首先來做一個4×4的木盒。)”提到先做一個種土豆的木盒，B項(確保你用的是食品級木材。)則補充說明上文，其中B項中的“woods”與上文的“wooden”一致。故選B。
4．答案：A
解析：上文“Wait about five months for the potatoes to grow up.”提到等五個月左右，讓土豆長大。A項(一旦它們都成熟了，挖出來吃掉，然后享受吧！)承接上文，指出土豆長大后即可食用，其中A項中的“they”指代上文的“potatoes”。故選A。
5．答案：G
解析：上文“You see, you don't need a huge vegetable garden to grow potatoes.”提到種土豆不需要用很大的菜園，G項(明智利用小型菜園設計將提供給你所需要的一切。)肯定上文的觀點，并指出可以充分利用小型菜園設計。故選G。
　精深閱讀
　
World Food Day falls on October 16 in memory of the day when the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the UN was formed. The events of the day usually focus on reducing, or rather, removing hunger from the face of the earth. Farmers and government officials are often given tips on how to get rid of hunger with better effect.
World Food Day was created by FAO member countries in November 1979. It was during their 20th General Conference that the observance (紀念，慶祝) of World Food Day was decided. It was not observed until 1981 when the specific date was determined. Pal Romany, the then Hungary's Minister of Agriculture and Food, played an important role in the founding of World Food Day during the 20th General Conference. Many people at the conference welcomed the idea.
World Food Day is not only celebrated by FAO and the United Nations, but several other organizations concerned with food security, hunger reduction, consumption of balanced diet and health also take part in the celebration. On the day, which is usually observed in more than 150 countries in the world, a number of activities like marathons, concerts, agricultural inventions, and cultural exhibitions and shows are usually organized.
Each year has its own theme to celebrate World Food Day. The themes are always related to food production, availability, and consumption. The themes are always set so that the public can come up with suggestions and ideas that are effective in dealing with hunger, poverty, and famine. In fact, most themes are agriculture related. This is because agriculture is the chief source of food.
World Food Day hopes to bring awareness to help people from around the globe solve issues concerning hunger and famine. It is meant to help farmers attain modern skills that would help achieve food security. The day is also set aside to encourage the government to think of methods to keeping food security in a country.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了世界糧食日成立的時間，慶祝世界糧食日的活動形式及其影響或意義。
1．What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A．Food shortage is a worldwide issue.
B．Creativity is essential to agriculture.
C．The hunger problem has reduced.
D．World Food Day is well－received.
答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“On the day ... are usually organized.”可推知，世界糧食日廣受歡迎。故選D。
2．What have you got to know about World Food Day
A．Its celebrations have the same theme relevant to agriculture.
B．It has been celebrated across the globe ever since it was created.
C．It is meant to make people realize the importance of food security.
D．It is celebrated to remember one of the former crucial ministers.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段“World Food Day ... in a country.”可知，世界糧食日是為了讓人們認識到糧食安全的重要性。故選C。
3．What can be the most suitable title for the article
A．World Food Day ABC
B．Why to Advocate Agriculture
C．World Food Day History
D．How to Solve Hunger Issues
答案：A
解析：標題判斷題。文章主要講述了世界糧食日成立的時間和目的，慶祝世界糧食日的活動形式及其影響或意義。由此可知，A項(世界糧食日常識)最適合作為文章標題。故選A。
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．get rid of(第一段)
2．determine(第二段)
3．concern(第三段)
4．awareness(第五段)
awareness n. 察覺；體認；覺悟→aware adj. 知道的，意識到的
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
The themes are always set so that the public can come up with suggestions and ideas that are effective in dealing with hunger, poverty, and famine.
主題的設定總是為了讓公眾能夠提出有效應對饑餓、貧困和饑荒的建議和想法。
課后課時作業(二)
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
If someone had told me five years ago that I would be living happily on a small farm, I would have firmly refused to accept the possibility. Back then, I was a(n) __1__ city girl. Then my husband and I __2__ to move from our longtime home. We __3__ houses in several surrounding communities, but nothing __4__ our needs or our budget (預算)．
One day, while we were checking my mother's __5__ for her, I looked around, liked what I saw and asked my husband, “Why don't we build a house here？” To my __6__， he said, “Yes！” And so we __7__ a new and very __8__ chapter in our life story.
When we started our new life on the farm, it was in a mess. My husband and I set out to __9__ the land. We pulled down dead trees and planted vegetables and flowers.
We soon realized the land had __10__ us during our efforts to develop it. We've learned to recognize nature's cycles instead of following clocks, calendars, schedules and to do lists. We enjoy the __11__ of days into nights. Our timeless life allows us to __12__ sunrises and sunsets—each a unique, spectacular (壯觀的) sight that cameras can only __13__ catch.
We open our doors to family and friends. Those who __14__ and opposed our decision now feel the magic of the peace and are __15__ to leave.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從城市搬到農場，感受自然和人情的經歷。
1．A.registered B．addicted
C．excited D．confirmed
答案：D
解析：registered 已登記的；addicted 上癮的；excited 激動的，興奮的；confirmed 堅定的，根深蒂固的。根據上文“If someone had told ... accept the possibility. (如果五年前有人告訴我，我會在一個小農場里幸福地生活，我會堅決拒絕接受這種可能性。)”可知，五年前作者是一個堅定的城市女孩。故選D。
2．A.decided B．expected
C．promised D．managed
答案：A
解析：decide 決定；expect 期望；promise 承諾；manage 設法完成。根據下文“to move from our longtime home”及下文提到作者看房子可知，作者和丈夫決定搬家。故選A。
3．A.set up B．focused on
C．looked at D．heard of
答案：C
解析：set up 建立；focus on 集中注意力于；look at 看；hear of 聽說。上文“Then my husband and I __2__ to move from our longtime home.”提到作者和丈夫決定搬家，所以應是在周圍的社區看房。故選C。
4．A.changed B．expressed
C．promised D．suited
答案：D
解析：change 改變；express 表達；promise 承諾；suit 適合。根據“but”可知，作者沒有找到一個適合需求或預算的房子。故選D。
5．A.house B．farm
C．community D．garden
答案：B
解析：house 房子；farm 農場；community 社區；garden 花園。根據下一段中的“When we started our new life on the farm (當我們在農場上開始新生活時)”可知，作者在查看母親的農場時很喜歡這里的環境。故選B。
6．A.surprise B．relief
C．shame D．regret
答案：A
解析：surprise 驚訝；relief 寬慰；shame 羞恥；regret 遺憾。根據語境及丈夫的回答“Yes！”可知，作者和丈夫本打算在城市找房子，所以作者沒想到丈夫會答應在農場建房，作者對丈夫的回答感到驚訝。故選A。
7．A.continued B．finished
C．delayed D．began
答案：D
解析：continue 繼續；finish 完成；delay 耽擱；begin 開始。上文提到丈夫同意作者的提議，結合下文“When we started our new life on the farm, it was in a mess.”可知，作者和丈夫搬到了農場生活，他們的人生開始了一個不同的篇章。故選D。
8．A.regular B．practical
C．different D．difficult
答案：C
解析：regular 定期的；practical 實用的；different 不同的；difficult 困難的。根據下一段首句“When we started our new life on the farm”可知，作者和丈夫決定在農場建房，與之前住在城市相比，這是開始了一個不同的、全新的篇章。故選C。
9．A.protect B．visit
C．clear D．divide
答案：C
解析：protect 保護；visit 參觀，拜訪；clear 清理；divide (使)分開。根據下一句“We pulled down dead trees and planted vegetables and flowers. (我們把枯樹推倒，種上蔬菜和鮮花。)”可知，此處指開始清理土地。故選C。
10．A.forgave B．transformed
C．troubled D．pressed
答案：B
解析：forgive 原諒；transform 使改變，使改觀；trouble 麻煩，使煩惱；press 壓。根據下文“We've learned to recognize ... calendars, schedules and to do lists.(我們已經學會了認識大自然的周期，而不是遵循時鐘、日歷、時間表和待辦事項清單。)”可知，作者和丈夫在建房子的過程中發生了改變。故選B。
11．A.length B．flow
C．order D．rest
答案：B
解析：length 長度；flow 流逝，流動；order 順序；rest 休息。根據下文“days into nights”可知，此處是指從白天到夜晚時間的流逝。故選B。
12．A.appreciate B．escape
C．paint D．ignore
答案：A
解析：appreciate 欣賞，感激；escape 逃跑；paint 給……刷油漆，繪畫；ignore 忽視。根據下文“sunrises and sunsets—each a unique, spectacular (壯觀的) sight”可知，此處指欣賞日出和日落。故選A。
13．A.gradually B．easily
C．partly D．quickly
答案：C
解析：gradually 逐漸地；easily 容易地；partly 部分地；quickly 快速地。結合語境及設空前的only可知，相機只能捕捉到一部分。故選C。
14．A.affected B．questioned
C．reconsidered D．voiced
答案：B
解析：affect 影響；question 質疑；reconsider 重新考慮；voice 表示，表達。根據下文“opposed our decision”可知，此處指當初質疑和反對作者的決定的人。故選B。
15．A.afraid B．free
C．unlikely D．unwilling
答案：D
解析：afraid 害怕的；free 自由的；unlikely 不可能的；unwilling 不愿意的。根據上文“now feel the magic of the peace”可知，這些人在農場里感受到了寧靜的魔力，不愿離開。故選D。
Ⅱ　閱讀
For many years scientists have been wondering if the moon dirt could be used to grow food. Recently researchers planted a small flowering plant in moon soil taken back by Apollo. All of the seeds grew, but after the first week, the plants grew slowly, most ending up not fully developed. However, Simon Gilroy of the University of Wisconsin, who was not part of the study, said, “It is a big step forward.”
The longer the soil was exposed to radiation and solar wind on the moon, the worse the plants seemed to do. Exposed a couple billion years to the elements, the soil collected from the moon was the least helpful for growth. One solution might be to use newly－formed spots on the moon, like lava flows, for digging up soil. The soil environment also could be changed by adding special nutrient mixtures.
Only 382 kilograms of moon rocks and soil were brought back by the six Apollo crews that landed on the moon. Most of them are still locked away, forcing researchers to experiment with soil made of volcanic ash on Earth. NASA finally gave out 12 grams of soil to the University of Florida researchers for the planting experiment. NASA said the timing for such an experiment was finally right, for it planned to put astronauts back on the planet in a few years. Then future astronauts would use local dirt for indoor planting instead of setting up an all－water system.
Sharmila Bhattacharya, a NASA's program scientist for space biology, said, “The fact that anything grew means that we have a really good starting point, and now the question is how we improve.” The scientists hope to reuse their lunar soil later to plant more of the plant before possibly moving on to other plants.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關于月球上的泥土是否可以用來種植糧食的研究。
1．How did Simon Gilroy feel about the experiment
A．Doubtful. B．Funny.
C．Positive. D．Useless.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“However, Simon Gilroy of ... ‘It is a big step forward.’(然而，威斯康星大學的Simon Gilroy(西蒙·吉爾羅伊)并沒有參與這項研究，他說：‘這是向前邁出的一大步。’)”可推知，Simon Gilroy對這個實驗的態度是積極的。故選C。
2．Why is the moon soil from lava flows friendly for growth
A．It is rich in some nutrient materials.
B．It contains more water.
C．No plant－eating insects collect in it.
D．Solar wind has changed it greatly.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段最后兩句“One solution might be ... adding special nutrient mixtures.(一種解決方案可能是利用月球上新形成的點，比如熔巖流，來挖掘土壤。 通過添加特殊的養分混合物也可以改變土壤環境。)”可推知，熔巖流形成的月球土壤有利于生長的原因是它含有豐富的營養物質。故選 A。
3．For what did NASA choose the time for the experiment
A．To draw more attention to it.
B．To collect data for planting on the moon.
C．To make full use of the limited moon soil.
D．To solve the food shortage on the moon.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段倒數第二句“NASA said the timing ... on the planet in a few years.(美國國家航空航天局表示，進行這樣一項實驗的時機終于成熟了，因為它計劃在幾年內將宇航員送回月球。)”可推知，現在開展試驗是在收集數據，以便實現在月球上種植。故選B。
4．What will the space biologists probably do immediately after the experiment
A．To grow crops without water.
B．To plant in volcanic ash.
C．To grow other plants in moon dirt.
D．To try more of the flowering plant.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段最后一句“The scientists hope to ... moving on to other plants.”可知，實驗結束后太空生物科學家們將會種更多這種開花植物。故選D。
Ⅲ　語法填空
Picking tea leaves is __1__ important spring activity in South China. Ancient Chinese __2__ (agriculture) production has long been guided by solar terms, and so has tea production. Tea leaves are ready to pick before Qingming; tea __3__ (pick) at that time is called Mingqian tea. Because of the small output and good quality, Mingqian tea __4__ (consider) quite valuable.
China has been a big tea producing country since ancient times. According to official data, China's tea planting area __5__ (grow) in recent years, with an increase of more than 1.81 million hectares in 16 years since 2000 and __6__ (it) yearly tea production has ranked first in the world for several years in a row.
In spring, local hillsides are often filled with tea pickers as well as farmers __7__ (plant) on their land. __8__ tea farms in the countryside pick tea leaves forms the beautiful scenery which has also contributed to an increase in tourism in these places. Many families take their children to experience the fun of picking tea leaves during spring outings with __9__ (laugh) ringing in the mountains. Picking tea leaves reflects hard work of Chinese people, __10__ is one of the traditional virtues.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些中國的茶文化知識。
1．答案：an
解析：考查冠詞。important spring activity表示泛指，應用不定冠詞限定，且important的發音以元音音素開頭。故填an。
2．答案：agricultural
解析：考查詞性轉換。修飾名詞production應用形容詞。故填agricultural。
3．答案：picked
解析：考查非謂語動詞。pick和名詞tea之間是被動關系，應用過去分詞作后置定語。故填picked。
4．答案：is considered
解析：考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。設空處作謂語，consider和主語之間是被動關系，此處描述客觀事實，應用一般現在時的被動語態，且主語Mingqian tea為不可數名詞。故填is considered。
5．答案：has grown/has been growing
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語in recent years可知，謂語動詞應用現在完成時，表示過去開始的動作或狀態一直持續到現在；或用現在完成進行時，表示過去開始的動作一直持續到現在，并還將繼續下去。主語China's tea planting area表示單數概念。故填has grown/has been growing。
6．答案：its
解析：考查代詞。根據名詞短語yearly tea production可知，此處應用it的形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。
7．答案：planting
解析：考查非謂語動詞。plant和farmers之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞作后置定語。故填planting。
8．答案：That
解析：考查主語從句的連接詞。設空處引導主語從句，從句不缺成分，且句意完整，應用that引導。句首單詞首字母應大寫。故填That。
9．答案：laughter
解析：考查詞性轉換。根據with可知，此處應用laugh的名詞laughter作介詞的賓語，laughter為不可數名詞。故填laughter。
10．答案：which
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為hard work of Chinese people，指物，引導詞在從句中作主語，應用which引導。故填which。
　精深閱讀
Starch (淀粉) is the main component of flour, rice and corn among others, while carbon dioxide makes up the vast majority of greenhouse gases. One day, humans may be able to “eat” carbon dioxide, and global warming could be “eaten away” by carbon lovers. Although it sounds wild, the day is coming.
Chinese scientists have created starch using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity, according to a study published in Science in September.
“Plants create starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is a complex and inefficient process，” Ma Yanhe, the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told China Daily. He added that it would take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into starch.
“Our breakthrough shows that making starch is achievable in a lab. This method makes it possible to produce food in factories and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology，” Ma told China Daily.
The team has been working on the process for 6 years. “The first step of the method is to convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol (甲醇), which is a molecule (分子) that contains a single carbon atom，” Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, told China Daily. Scientists then piece these single－carbon molecules into bigger and more complex molecules. With the help of super computing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch－making process from about 60 steps into 11.
“The new process has made it possible to turn starch production from traditional agricultural farming to industrial production. And it may be possible to satisfy our needs without farming in the future. This will not only help save water, fertilizer and land but also help recycle carbon dioxide to deal with climate change，” a research fellow with the Chinese Academy of Sciences told the Global Times.
The study can also benefit space exploration in the future. The starch may provide a secure food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space by simply turning the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。根據發表在《科學》雜志上的一項研究，中國科學家已經利用二氧化碳、氫和電制造出了淀粉。
1．What does Ma Yanhe think of the new method of creating starch
A．It's extremely complex and inefficient.
B．It's more efficient than the natural method.
C．It's a way of dealing with global warming.
D．It's achievable through photosynthesis.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Plants create starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is a complex and inefficient process”可知，馬延和認為自然界產生淀粉的過程復雜而低效，由此可推知，他認為新方法比自然方法更有效。故選B。
2．The underlined word “convert” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”．
A．translate B．mix
C．divide D．transform
答案：D
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第五段中的“The first step ... carbon atom”可知，甲醇是只有一個碳原子的分子物質，且這種物質是由二氧化碳和氫氣轉化而成的。由此可推知，convert意為“轉化，轉變”。故選D。
3．What can be learned about the breakthrough
A．It can change the way of starch production.
B．It will be beneficial to people's health.
C．It can provide astronauts with delicious food.
D．It helps farmers rid traditional agricultural farming.
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“The new process ... industrial production.”可知，這項突破改變了淀粉生產的方式。故選A。
4．What can be the best title of this passage
A．Hungry for starch
B．Smart with starch
C．Secure about starch
D．Beneficial to many industries
答案：B
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第二段內容可知，文章主要講述了中國科學家成功把二氧化碳合成淀粉。因此B項(智造淀粉)最適合作為文章標題。故選B。
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．majority(第一段)
majority n. 多數，大多數→major adj. 主要的，大部分的
2．inefficient(第三段)
inefficient adj. 無效率的，無能的→efficient adj. 能干的；有效率的→efficiency n. 效率，效能
3．piece(第五段)
熟義 n. 片；塊；段；截 She tried to tear a small piece off the edge. 她試圖從邊上撕下一小塊。
n. 碎片；碎塊 The vase lay in pieces on the floor. 花瓶碎片散落在地上。
生義 vt. 整理證據(以發現真相) We managed to piece together the truth from several sketchy accounts. 我們從幾方面粗略的說法中設法弄清了真相。
vt. 拼接；拼湊 She tried to piece together the cheque which he had just torn up. 她試圖把他剛剛撕開的支票拼湊起來。
4.simplify(第五段)
simplify v. 簡化，精簡→simplification n. 單純化；簡單化→simple adj. 簡單的，簡明的→simply adv. 僅僅，只；不過
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
The new process has made it possible to turn starch production from traditional agricultural farming to industrial production.
這一新工藝使淀粉生產從傳統農業生產轉向工業生產成為可能。
1(共142張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
SectionⅠ　Reading and Thinking
課前預習　效果檢測
合作探究　精研重點
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
學習效果　當堂鞏固
3
課后課時作業（一）
４
課后課時作業（二）
５
課前預習　效果檢測
一　閱讀單詞(10個)
寫出英語單詞
1．________ n. 雜交植(動)物；合成物；混合動力車
2．________ vt. 授粉；傳粉
3．________ adj. 本國的；國內的；家用的；家庭的
4．________ n. (動、植物的)系；品種；拉傷；壓力
5．________ n. 泥土；土壤；國土；領土
6．________ n. 名望；名譽；名人；名流
7．________ vt. 展望；想象
8．________ n. 高粱；高粱米
9．________ n. 掃把；掃帚；金雀花
10．________ n. 谷物；谷粒；顆粒
hybrid
pollinate
domestic
strain
soil
celebrity
envision
sorghum
broom
grain
二　核心單詞(13個)
A．寫出英語單詞
1．________ vt. 解決(難題)；應付(局面)；處理
2．________ n. (pl. ________) 危機；危急關頭
3．________ vt. 使增長；使興旺　n. 增長；提高；激勵
4．________ n. 產量；產出　vt. 出產(作物)；產生(收益、效益等)　vi. 屈服；讓步
5．________ vt. (通常經過努力)獲得；得到
6．________ adj. 熱切的；十分強烈的；激烈的
tackle
crisis
crises
boost
yield
attain
intense
7．________ vt. 克服；解決；戰勝
8．________ vt.& vi. 擴大；增加　vt. 擴展；發展(業務)
9．________ n. 產量；輸出；輸出量　vt. 輸出
10．________ vt. 估計；估價；估算　n. 估計；估算
11．________ vt. 包括；包含；由……組成
12．________ n. 閑暇；休閑；空閑
13．________ adj. 含鹽的；咸的
overcome
expand
output
estimate
comprise
leisure
salty
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(劍橋高階)It was difficult to ________ how many trees had been destroyed.
2．(朗文當代)The computer industry has ________ greatly over the last decade.
3．(牛津高階)The average ________ of the factory is 20 cars a day.
4．(牛津高階)Spend the afternoon at ________ in the town centre.
5．(柯林斯詞典)We need a big win to ________ our confidence.
6．(朗文當代)The house ________ two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a living room.
estimate
expanded
output
leisure
boost
comprises
三　拓展單詞(9個)
A．寫出英語單詞，并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．________ vt. 把……獻(給)；把……專用于；專心于→________ adj. 摯愛的；忠誠的；全心全意的→________ n. 奉獻；忠誠；關愛
2．________ n. 不足；缺少；短缺→________ adj. 不足的；短缺的→________ v. (使)變短，縮短
3．________ vt. 使相信；使確信；說服→_________ adj. 確信的→_________ adj. 有說服力的
devote
devoted
devotion
shortage
short
shorten
convince
convinced
convincing
4．___________ n. 特征；特點；品質　adj. 典型的；獨特的→______________ adv. 特性地；典型地→_____________ vt. 描述；是……的特征；以……為典型→________ n. 性格；特點；角色；文字；符號
5．___________ adj. 傳統的；習慣的→__________ n. 習俗；常規；慣例
6．__________ n. 假定；設定；(責任的)承擔；(權力的)獲得→________ v. 假定；假設→_________ conj. 假定……為真；假如
7．___________ n. 消耗；消耗量；消費→________ vt. 消費；吃；喝；耗費(燃料、能量、時間等)
8．________ vt. 產生；引起→_________ n. 一代；(統稱)一代人；一屆；產生
9．________ n. 現實；實際情況；事實→________ adj. 真實的；真正的；真的→________ adv. 真正地；真實地；非常
characteristic
characteristically
characterize
character
conventional
convention
assumption
assume
assuming
consumption
consume
generate
generation
reality
real
really
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(劍橋高階)It's useless trying to ________ her that she doesn't need to lose any weight.
2．(朗文當代)You have to bake the cake for 30 minutes in a ___________ oven.
3．(牛津高階)We are working on the _________ that everyone invited will turn up.
4．(劍橋高階)We need to cut down on our fuel ____________ by having fewer cars on the road.
5．(牛津高階)The proposal has ________ a lot of interest.
6．(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)Now list all the ____________ you like about yourself.
7．He decided to ________ the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
convince
conventional
assumption
consumption
generated
characteristics
devote
四　熟詞生義(1個)
A．翻譯
1．(朗文當代)She suffered temporary loss of vision after being struck on the head.
____________________________________________________________________
2．(牛津高階)The couple moved outside her field of vision.
____________________________________________________________________
3．(牛津高階)Maybe you had visions of being surrounded by happy, smiling children.
____________________________________________________________________
4．(牛津高階)We get good vision but poor sound on this set.
____________________________________________________________________
她頭部被擊中后暫時失明。
這對夫婦離開了她的視野。
也許你想象過身邊圍繞著快樂微笑的孩子。
這臺電視機圖像清晰，但聲音不好。
B．寫出下面單詞的熟義/生義
vision (教材P51)
熟義　n. ________________
生義　n. ________________
視力；視野
想象；影像
五　重點短語(3個)
A．寫出英語短語
1．____________ 把……用于；獻身；致力；專心
2．_____________ 包括；包含；由……組成(或構成)
3．____________ 在內心深處；本質上；實際上
B．用上面的短語填空，使句意完整
1．(劍橋高階)The class __________ mainly ________ Italian and French students.
2．(柯林斯詞典)He ________ his energies ________ the reformation of science.
3．(柯林斯詞典)She can seem stern, but ____________ she's a very kind person.
devote ... to
be comprised of
deep down
is comprised
of
devoted
to
deep down
合作探究　精研重點
1 devote vt. 把……獻(給)；把……專用于；專心于(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)The original intention was to devote three months to the project.
最初的計劃是在這個項目上投入三個月的時間。
②(柯林斯詞典)She gladly gave up her part－time job to devote herself entirely to her art.
她欣然放棄了兼職工作，全身心地投入到藝術中去。
③(牛津高階)She is devoted to her children.
她深愛她的孩子。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Her ________ (devote) to the job left her with very little free time.
②I have personally been devoted ________ this cause for many years.
③The scientific team devote themselves to ________ (seek) for traces of wild foxes.
【輸出】翻譯
④他晚年主要從事慈善工作。
__________________________________________________________________
devotion
to
seeking
His later years were devoted largely to charitable work.
2 convince vt. 使相信；使確信；說服(教材P50)
歸納
①(牛津高階)You need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.
你要使他們相信你殷切希望得到這份工作。
②(劍橋高階)I hope this will convince you to change your mind.
我希望這能說服你改變主意。
③(中國日報)A good leader should convince his/her followers that his/her policies serve their interests.
一個好的領導者應該讓他/她的追隨者相信他/她的政策符合他們的利益。
④(劍橋高階)I didn't find the ending of the film very convincing.
我覺得這部電影的結局不是很有說服力。
【運用】單句語法填空
①I'm still not totally convinced ________ he knows what he's doing.
②I've been trying to convince him ________ (see) a doctor.
③Thomas, in her opinion, could convince anyone ________ anything.
【輸出】翻譯
④He became convinced of the need for cheap editions of good quality writing.
__________________________________________________________________
that
to see
of
他確信需要高質量作品的簡裝本。
3 characteristic n. 特征；特點；品質　adj. 典型的；獨特的(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(劍橋高階)The creamy richness is characteristic of the cheese from this region.
奶油濃郁是這一地區奶酪的特點。
②(牛津高階)Characteristically she took the joke very well.
從她的性格來說，她經得起那個玩笑。
③(劍橋高階)Bright colours and bold strokes characterize his early paintings.
明亮的色彩和大膽的筆觸是他早期繪畫的特點。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Chinese city culture is ______________ (characteristic) regional.
②How would you ___________ (character) the Chinese way of doing business
③A characteristic ________ this animal is its ability to live for a long time without water.
【輸出】翻譯
④He spoke with characteristic enthusiasm.
______________________________________________________________
characteristically
characterize
of
他以特有的熱情說話。
4 assumption n. 假定；設定；(責任的)承擔；(權力的)獲得(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(朗文當代)People make a lot of assumptions about me.
人們對我有很多假設。
②(劍橋高階)We can't assume the suspects to be guilty simply because they've decided to remain silent.
我們不能僅僅因為嫌疑人決定保持沉默就認定他們有罪。
③(牛津高階)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍認為，壓力是工作過重所致。
④(牛津高階)We can all leave together assuming (that) the others aren't late.
我們大家可以一起走——假定其他人不耽擱的話。
【運用】單句語法填空
①I had assumed him ________ (be) an American.
②It is assumed ________ you are interested in achieving greater self－awareness.
③It was impossible to make ____________ (assume) about people‘s reactions.
【輸出】翻譯
④假定他還活著，現在有多大年紀了？
___________________________________________________
to be
that
assumptions
Assuming (that) he's still alive, how old would he be now
5 expand vt.& vi. 擴大；增加　vt. 擴展；發展(業務)(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)Why not try to expand your story into a novel
你怎么不把你的故事擴展成小說呢？
②(中國日報)It is sometimes difficult for companies to expand their advantages to other areas and regions.
有時，公司很難將其優勢擴展到其他領域和地區。
③(柯林斯詞典)The president used today's speech to expand on remarks he made last month.
總統利用今天的演講更充分地闡述了他上個月所講的話。
【運用】單句語法填空
①The company has abandoned plans for further __________ (expand)．
②The several villages expanded ________ one large town, which attracted more businesses.
【輸出】翻譯
③請你把這一點詳細說明一下好嗎？
__________________________________________________________
expansion
into
Could you expand on/upon that point, please
6 estimate vt. 估計；估價；估算　n. 估計；估算(教材P50)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)We estimated his income at/to be about ￡8，000 a year.
我們估計他一年的收入大約是8，000英鎊。
②(牛津高階)It is estimated (that) the project will last four years.
據估計，這項工程將持續四年。
③(劍橋高階)We'll accept the lowest of three estimates for the building work.
我們將接受建筑工程三個估價中最低的一個。
【運用】單句語法填空
①We asked our builder to estimate ____ the repair of the ceiling.
②Organizers estimated the crowd ____50，000.
【輸出】翻譯
③預計大樓十個月可以完工。
___________________________________________________________
for
at
It is estimated that the building will be completed in ten months.
7 reality n. 現實；實際情況；事實(教材P51)
歸納
①(牛津高階)She tried to turn her dream of running her own business into reality.
她努力實現經營自己企業的夢想。
②(劍橋高階)He seemed very young, but he was in reality older than all of us.
他看起來很年輕，但實際上他比我們所有人都要大。
③(劍橋高階)I thought it was just a fire practice but apparently it was for real.
我以為這只是一次消防演習，但很明顯它是真的。
④(2023·全國乙卷)I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.
我發現在冬天的那幾個月里，房子周圍的植物真的能改善你的心情。
【運用】單句語法填空
①In my experience, very few people ________ (real) understand the problem.
②His theories are somewhat remote from _______(real).
【輸出】翻譯
③Outwardly she seemed confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.
____________________________________________________________
really
reality
表面上看，她顯得信心十足，而實際上她緊張得要命。
be comprised of 包括；包含；由……組成(或構成)(教材P50～51)
歸納
①(中國日報)At the Breeze－Ruffled Lotus at Quyuan Garden, we met tour groups mainly comprised of the elderly.
在屈原園的曲院風荷，我們遇到了以老人為主的旅游團。
②(2024·北京高考)The 18th－century philosopher Kant argued that the universe ultimately consists of things－in－themselves that are unknowable.
18世紀的哲學家康德認為，宇宙最終由不可知的事物本身組成。
③(牛津高階)The course is made up of 12 two－hour sessions.
這門課總共上12次，每次兩小時。
【運用】單句語法填空
①The fountain was comprised ____ three stone basins.
②The entire universe is made _____ of different kinds of matter.
③Output ___________(consist) of both exports and sales on the domestic market.
【輸出】翻譯
④So, is happiness honestly just comprised of “things”？
__________________________________________________
⑤早餐有無黃油的面包和一杯茶。
___________________________________________________
of
up
consists
所以，幸福真的是由“物質”組成的嗎？
Breakfast consisted of dry bread and a cup of tea.
1 [教材原句P50]Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.
確實，他瘦削但結實的身軀看起來和他為之奉獻了一生的千千萬萬的中國農民一樣。
剖析 “介詞＋關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句，關系代詞whom在從句中作介詞to的賓語。
歸納
①(牛津高階)Her mother, in whom she confided, said she would support her unconditionally.
她向母親坦露心扉，母親說將無條件地支持她。
②(2024·T8聯考)Since the 1950s, some 9.2 billion tonnes of plastic have been produced globally, of which only about 10% has ever been recycled.
自20世紀50年代以來，全球共生產了約92億噸塑料，其中只有約10%被回收利用。
③(柯林斯詞典)Their business came from a few big publishers, all of whose books they bound.
他們的生意來自幾家大出版社，這些出版社所有的書都由其裝訂。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Mandela was generous with his time, _____ which I was grateful.
②Many people, some of _________ are not overweight, are going on a diet.
【輸出】翻譯
③我在做不同類型的運動，所有這些運動都對我的健康很有幫助。
___________________________________________________________________
for
whom
I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health.
2 [教材原句P51]Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當富有，人們可能認為他會退休享受閑適的生活。
剖析 given that為連詞，此處意為“考慮到……”，引導原因狀語從句。
歸納
①(中國日報)But given that the movement is so strong and it's so clear that it is so strong, I think something will happen.(原因狀語從句)
但考慮到這場運動如此強大，而且很明顯它很強大，我認為會發生一些事情。
②Given the chance, I'd do it again.(條件狀語)
如果還有機會，我會再干一次的。
【運用】單句語法填空
①__________ (give) her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her.
②Given ________the boys are really smart, I don't believe they have fallen behind.
【輸出】翻譯
③考慮到這樣的情況，你已經做得很好了。
______________________________________________________________
Given
that
Given the circumstances, you've done really well.
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
所有人的先驅
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”， was one of China's most famous scientists.
袁隆平，被稱為“雜交水稻之父”，是中國最著名的科學家之一。
Yet, he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land in his research.
然而，他認為自己是一個農民，因為在他的研究中，他持續在土地上作業。
Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life.
確實，他瘦削但結實的身軀看起來和他為之奉獻一生的千千萬萬的中國農民一樣。
難句分析
①過去分詞短語known as ... 作______，對句子的_____Yuan Longping進行補充說明。
定語
主語
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.
袁隆平1930年出生于北京。
His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.
他的父母希望他從事科學或醫學方面的事業。
However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
然而，最讓他擔心的是，農民經常收成不好，并且有時甚至會嚴重缺乏吃的食物。
To tackle this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
為了解決這一危機，他選擇研究農業，并在位于重慶的西南農學院接受了教育。
難句分析
②what concerned him most是_____從句； that farmers ... to eat是______從句； had poor ... 與 had a ... 是______關系。
主語
表語
并列
After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher.
1953年畢業后，他從事研究工作。
Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.
袁隆平意識到更多的耕地不是解決辦法。
Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.
相反，農民需要提高他們所擁有的土地的產量。
How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
在當時，如何做到這一點是一個具有挑戰性的難題。
Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.
袁隆平確信，答案會在雜交水稻的培育中找到。
A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species.
雜交就是一個物種的兩個或兩個以上變種的結合。
難句分析
③they had是_______從句，修飾先行詞_________，從句省略了引導詞_________，引導詞在從句中作賓語。
定語
the fields
that/which
One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.
雜交作物的一個特點是它們通?？色@得比傳統作物更高的產量。
However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
然而，是否有可能培育出一種自花傳粉的雜交植物，如水稻，是一件有很大爭議的事情。
The common assumption then was that it could not be done.
當時普遍的假設是這無法做到。
Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.
通過不懈的努力，袁隆平克服了巨大的技術困難，于1974年培育出了第一種可用于農業生產的雜交水稻。
This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
這種雜交水稻使農民大大增加了產量。
難句分析
④Through intense effort是______狀語；that could be used for farming in 1974是_______從句，修飾先行詞hybrid rice。
方式
定語
Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.
據估計，目前中國國內約60%的水稻消費是由袁隆平的雜交品種生產的作物構成的，而且他的水稻品種使中國農民每年生產出約兩億噸大米。
Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.
袁隆平的創新不僅幫助養活了中國，也養活了許多其他依賴大米的國家，如印度和越南。
Because of his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad.
由于他的寶貴貢獻，袁隆平在國內外獲得了無數獎項。
難句分析
⑤it是_________。that about ... rice per year是_______從句，作____________；generated from Yuan's hybrid strains是過去分詞短語作crops 的___________；to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year是不定式短語作___________。
形式主語
主語
真正的主語
后置定語
賓語補足語
Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當富有，人們可能認為他會退休享受閑適的生活。
However, this is far from the case.
然而，事實遠非如此。
Deep down, Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.
實際上，袁隆平在內心深處仍然是一位農民。
As a man of the soil, he cared little for celebrity or money.
作為跟土地打交道的人，他不太在乎名聲或金錢。
Instead, he made large donations to support agricultural research.
相反，他捐出巨資以支持農業研究。
難句分析
⑥he would have retired to a life of leisure為______從句，省略連接詞______。
賓語
that
What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.
袁隆平給人印象最深的是他不斷實現夢想的能力。
Long ago, he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum, with each ear of rice as big as a broom, and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.
很久以前，他設想過水稻像高粱一樣高，每穗水稻像掃帚一樣大，每粒大米像花生一樣大。
He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad.
他成功地生產出一種能養活國內外更多人的水稻。
His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality, and potentially opened up nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.
他后來對“海水稻”的設想也成為現實，并可能在中國開辟近100萬平方公里的鹽堿地用于水稻生產。
Even in his later years, Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up next.
甚至在他晚年，袁隆平內心依然年輕，充滿憧憬，并且大家一直在興奮地等待見證他下一步的夢想。
難句分析
⑦What impressed ... Yuan Longping是_______從句； to fulfil his dreams是不定式短語作ability的___________。
主語
后置定語
學習效果　當堂鞏固
Ⅰ.根據語境及首字母提示完成句子
1．A mule is a h________ of a male donkey and a female horse.
2．Getting that job did a lot to b________ his confidence.
3．It was a period of i________ activity.
4．The two groups of children have quite different c____________.
5．The trees on the mountains within my range of v________ had all been cut down.
ybrid
oost
ntense
haracteristics
ision
6．I like to go to the cinema when I have l________ time.
7．To succeed, you must learn to o________ obstacles.
8．Many people know how to a________ success, but few know how to make the best use of it.
9．She drew a sharp distinction between d________ and international politics.
10．Being an online c__________ doesn't mean what she thinks is of correct value.
eisure
vercome
ttain
omestic
elebrity
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．Many companies are suffering from a ________ (short) of skilled staff.
2．It's not a hotel, in the ____________ (convention) sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel.
3．The average daily ___________ (consume) of fruit and vegetables is around 200 grams.
4．When you swim in the sea, you feel that the water is ________ (salt)．
5．He reluctantly yielded ________ their demands.
shortage
conventional
consumption
salty
to
6．Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion ________ the cause of education.
7．She was no longer able to distinguish between imagination and ________ (real).
8．There are more stars in the sky than ________ (grain) of sand on the beach.
9．She has inspired a whole __________ (generate) of fashion school graduates.
10．The president used today's speech to expand ________ remarks he made last month.
to
reality
grains
generation
on/upon
deep down; be comprised of; be devoted to; be convinced that; given that
Ⅲ.選詞填空
1．I ___________________ he is the most honest in the world.
2．I have so many friends, but ____________， I have a fear of loneliness.
3．The final term will ____________ the social project.
4．____________ you are still young, I forgive you.
5．Six of the top 10 passwords ________________ only numbers.
am convinced that
deep down
be devoted to
Given that
are comprised of
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我們必須百尺竿頭，更進一步，才能達到目的。
Still greater efforts are needed before we can________________.
2．他太頑固了，你根本無法說服他改變主意。
He is so stubborn that you cannot ________________________ his ideas.
3．根據這個假設，我們可以得出上面的結論。
____________________________， we can reach the conclusion as above.
4．水和食物是身體產生熱量所必需的。
Food and water are necessary for your body to ____________．
5．我們增開了兩個商店以擴展業務。
We've opened two more stores__________________________．
attain our goal
convince him to change
According to this assumption
generate heat
to expand the business
課后課時作業（一）
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★ ★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
The first great agricultural revolution happened 10，000 years ago, when humans settled on farms. The second was the “green revolution” from the 1930s to the 1960s, in which advances in fertilization, mechanization, and irrigation dramatically increased global food production. The third is likely to come from information, as digital technology and big data help farmers make better decisions and drive up crop production.
Michael Stern, president and chief executive officer of Climate Corp, said that the ability to gather detailed information about farmers' fields, coupled with advances in weather forecasting, computing power, and artificial intelligence, will change farming from a business that often reacts to the past—applying insecticide this year because of a disease outbreak last year—to one that uses real time data and weather forecasts to make more accurate decisions for the season to come.
Over the course of a growing season, farmers make 40 to 50 key decisions that affect crop performance. Recent trends that have swept other areas of society—such as cheap data storage, the ability to transfer data wirelessly, and dramatic increases in computing power—have the potential to transform the farm.
Stern offered the example of a farmer preparing for the regular fall fertilizing of his fields who delays the application after being informed of a coming storm. That decision reduces runoff, keeps fertilizer on the field, and helps control farmers' costs. As data gathers season after season, computer models will help farmers better manage fertilizer and other additions to optimize production and minimize runoff.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了第三次農業革命可能來自信息，數字技術和大數據在農業中的運用，將有助于農民做出更好的決策，從而提高作物產量。
Remote sensing is another way that modern technology can help farmers know what's going on in their fields. Many farmers drive around to monitor growth and watch for pests and diseases. But these surveys are typically random and don't cover more than 2 percent of a field. Remote sensing can provide accurate data that covers an entire field and enables recommendations tailored to what's going on in the stricken area.
1．What may the third agricultural revolution help farmers do in the future
A．Make reasonable decisions.
B．Grasp computing ability.
C．Deal with big data.
D．Develop business potentials.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句“The third is likely ... up crop production.”可知，第三次農業革命可以幫助農民做出合理的決定。故選A。
2．Why did the author give an example in Paragraph 4 according to the text
A．To confirm the coming of a storm.
B．To explain the reason of fertilizer runoff.
C．To stress the effect of information application.
D．To show the use of computer models.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可推知，作者用一個具體事例來展示了計算機模型的具體應用。故選D。
3．What is the advantage of the remote sensing technology
A．It can show typical random.
B．It can drive up crop production.
C．It can remove pests and diseases.
D．It can offer exact statistics.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段最后一句“Remote sensing can provide ... in the stricken area. (遙感可以提供覆蓋整個地區的準確數據，并根據受災地區的情況提供建議。)”可知，遙感技術可以提供準確的統計數據。故選D。
4．What is the author's attitude to the coming agriculture revolution
A．Opposed.
B．Neutral.
C．Positive.
D．Unclear.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“The third is likely ... drive up crop production.”以及后文舉例證明這一點可推知，作者對即將到來的第三次農業革命持有積極的態度。故選C。
B
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種室內花園系統——巴比倫微農場(BMF)的優勢，它不僅能為家庭和大型機構提供新鮮蔬菜，還能利用云技術遠程監控和自動化操作，促進了可持續性和環保。
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee.
5．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A．It guarantees the variety of food.
B．It requires day to day care.
C．It cuts the farm to table distance.
D．It relies on farmer's markets.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“However, most produce at the store ... reaching the table.”和“Babylon Micro－Farm (BMF) shortens it even more”可知，大部分商店的農產品要經歷幾周的運輸并跨越很長距離才能到達人們的餐桌。BMF系統大大縮短了這一過程。由此可知，BMF縮短了從農場到餐桌的距離。故選C。
6．What information does the convenient app offer
A．Real time weather changes.
B．Current condition of the plants.
C．Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D．Availability of pre seeded pods.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“there is a ... in real time”可知，便捷的應用程序實時提供植物的生長數據。故選B。
7．What can be concluded about BMF employees
A．They have a great passion for sports.
B．They are devoted to community service.
C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D．They have a strong environmental awareness.
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，BMF員工們在日常生活中踐行可持續發展，大約半數的員工走路或騎自行車上班。在辦公室里，他們通過限制垃圾桶的數量及避免使用一次性塑料的方式鼓勵回收利用及減少廢物。他們都熱衷于減少環境中的廢物、碳和化學物質。由此可推知，BMF公司的員工有著強烈的環保意識。故選D。
8．What does the text mainly talk about
A．BMF's major strengths.
B．BMF's general management.
C．BMF's global influence.
D．BMF's technical standards.
解析：主旨大意題。文章第一段介紹BMF系統縮短了食物到餐桌的運輸過程，第二至四段介紹了BMF的創新設計系統及其優勢，最后一段介紹了BMF員工在生活和工作中踐行可持續發展。由此可知，文章主要介紹了BMF的優勢。故選A。
Ⅱ　七選五
Small space gardening is both efficient and convenient. Being able to produce food without a large area is a truly useful skill. And among all the foods, few are better than potatoes.
__1__ Besides, just about everyone likes them. Seriously, have you ever met someone who doesn't enjoy potatoes one way or another
Now, learn how to grow potatoes in a box. __2__ Read on and think about all the great food you could make using this easy guide.
Before growing potatoes, let's first build a 4 by 4 wooden box. __3__ What's best about this box is that you can use it, again and again, for different growing seasons.
The first step is cutting the 2×2 inches board into pieces of 33 inches in length; four pieces will be enough. Then, take the 2×6 boards and cut them into 12 lengths of 21 inches and 12 lengths of 24 inches. Make some holes in these and attach the bottom row on the 2×2 boards. Place this part over the soil and plant potatoes about 4 inches deep. Wait about five months for the potatoes to grow up. __4__
You see, you don't need a huge vegetable garden to grow potatoes. __5__ Now, start your creative handy work, and you will have a green thumb.
A．Once they've grown, dig up, eat up, and enjoy!
B．Make sure you use woods which are food grade.
C．They are tasty, multifunctional (多功能的), and easy to grow.
D．The DIY square garden design is easy and inexpensive.
E．Make sure you don't cover more than a third of the plant.
F．With your hands reach in the box and grab your potatoes.
G．A small garden design used wisely will give you all you need.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在木質盒子里種植土豆的方法，從而說明小型菜園設計的簡易實惠。
1．答案：C
解析：上文“Being able to produce food ... few are better than potatoes.(能夠在小空間種植糧食作物是一個真的很有用的技能。這些糧食作物中，土豆是最好的。)”說明在小空間種植糧食作物，土豆是最好的選擇。C項(它們味道好，營養豐富，易于種植。)解釋了原因。故選C。
2．答案：D
解析：下文“Read on and think about all the great food you could make using this easy guide.(繼續讀下去，思考使用這一簡易指南可以做出的所有美食。)”提到要使用某一指南，說明設空處提到了與指南相關的內容，D項(自制方形菜園設計既容易又不貴。)符合語境，選項中的“easy”與下文中的“easy”一致。故選D。
解析：上文“Before growing potatoes, let's first build a 4 by 4 wooden box.(在種土豆之前，我們首先來做一個4×4的木盒。)”提到先做一個種土豆的木盒，B項(確保你用的是食品級木材。)則補充說明上文，其中B項中的“woods”與上文的“wooden”一致。故選B。
3．答案：B
解析：上文“Wait about five months for the potatoes to grow up.”提到等五個月左右，讓土豆長大。A項(一旦它們都成熟了，挖出來吃掉，然后享受吧！)承接上文，指出土豆長大后即可食用，其中A項中的“they”指代上文的“potatoes”。故選A。
4．答案：A
5．答案：G
解析：上文“You see, you don't need a huge vegetable garden to grow potatoes.”提到種土豆不需要用很大的菜園，G項(明智利用小型菜園設計將提供給你所需要的一切。)肯定上文的觀點，并指出可以充分利用小型菜園設計。故選G。
World Food Day falls on October 16 in memory of the day when the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the UN was formed. The events of the day usually focus on reducing, or rather, removing hunger from the face of the earth. Farmers and government officials are often given tips on how to get rid of hunger with better effect.
World Food Day was created by FAO member countries in November 1979. It was during their 20th General Conference that the observance (紀念，慶祝) of World Food Day was decided. It was not observed until 1981 when the specific date was determined. Pal Romany, the then Hungary's Minister of Agriculture and Food, played an important role in the founding of World Food Day during the 20th General Conference. Many people at the conference welcomed the idea.
精深閱讀
World Food Day is not only celebrated by FAO and the United Nations, but several other organizations concerned with food security, hunger reduction, consumption of balanced diet and health also take part in the celebration. On the day, which is usually observed in more than 150 countries in the world, a number of activities like marathons, concerts, agricultural inventions, and cultural exhibitions and shows are usually organized.
Each year has its own theme to celebrate World Food Day. The themes are always related to food production, availability, and consumption. The themes are always set so that the public can come up with suggestions and ideas that are effective in dealing with hunger, poverty, and famine. In fact, most themes are agriculture related. This is because agriculture is the chief source of food.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了世界糧食日成立的時間，慶祝世界糧食日的活動形式及其影響或意義。
World Food Day hopes to bring awareness to help people from around the globe solve issues concerning hunger and famine. It is meant to help farmers attain modern skills that would help achieve food security. The day is also set aside to encourage the government to think of methods to keeping food security in a country.
1．What can we infer from Paragraph 3
A．Food shortage is a worldwide issue.
B．Creativity is essential to agriculture.
C．The hunger problem has reduced.
D．World Food Day is well－received.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“On the day ... are usually organized.”可推知，世界糧食日廣受歡迎。故選D。
2．What have you got to know about World Food Day
A．Its celebrations have the same theme relevant to agriculture.
B．It has been celebrated across the globe ever since it was created.
C．It is meant to make people realize the importance of food security.
D．It is celebrated to remember one of the former crucial ministers.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段“World Food Day ... in a country.”可知，世界糧食日是為了讓人們認識到糧食安全的重要性。故選C。
3．What can be the most suitable title for the article
A．World Food Day ABC
B．Why to Advocate Agriculture
C．World Food Day History
D．How to Solve Hunger Issues
解析：標題判斷題。文章主要講述了世界糧食日成立的時間和目的，慶祝世界糧食日的活動形式及其影響或意義。由此可知，A項(世界糧食日常識)最適合作為文章標題。故選A。
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．get rid of(第一段)
擺脫；去掉，除去
(設法)處理；完成；接通電話
克服
離開，逃脫
習慣于
開始做；認真對待
2．determine(第二段)
決定，決心；確定
決定(做)某事
決定做某事
決定……
有決心的
決心做某事
決定，決心
堅決地，果斷地
3．concern(第三段)
使擔憂；與……有關；對……感興趣
擔心、憂慮(某事的發生)
對……感興趣；關心……
擔憂的；焦慮的；相關的
讓人不安的，令人擔憂的
關于；涉及
4．awareness(第五段)
awareness n. _____________________
→aware adj. ____________________
察覺；體認；覺悟
知道的，意識到的
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
other organizations
food production
modern skills
government
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
The themes are always set so that the public can come up with suggestions and ideas that are effective in dealing with hunger, poverty, and famine.
____________________________________________________________________
主題的設定總是為了讓公眾能夠提出有效應對饑餓、貧困和饑荒的建議和想法。
課后課時作業（二）
較易題(占比70%)　中檔題(占比30%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★ ★
Ⅰ　完形填空
If someone had told me five years ago that I would be living happily on a small farm, I would have firmly refused to accept the possibility. Back then, I was a(n) __1__ city girl. Then my husband and I __2__ to move from our longtime home. We __3__ houses in several surrounding communities, but nothing __4__ our needs or our budget (預算)．
One day, while we were checking my mother's __5__ for her, I looked around, liked what I saw and asked my husband, “Why don't we build a house here？” To my __6__， he said, “Yes！” And so we __7__ a new and very __8__ chapter in our life story.
When we started our new life on the farm, it was in a mess. My husband and I set out to __9__ the land. We pulled down dead trees and planted vegetables and flowers.
We soon realized the land had __10__ us during our efforts to develop it. We've learned to recognize nature's cycles instead of following clocks, calendars, schedules and to do lists. We enjoy the __11__ of days into nights. Our timeless life allows us to __12__ sunrises and sunsets—each a unique, spectacular (壯觀的) sight that cameras can only __13__ catch.
We open our doors to family and friends. Those who __14__ and opposed our decision now feel the magic of the peace and are __15__ to leave.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從城市搬到農場，感受自然和人情的經歷。
1．A.registered
B．addicted
C．excited
D．confirmed
解析：registered 已登記的；addicted 上癮的；excited 激動的，興奮的；confirmed 堅定的，根深蒂固的。根據上文“If someone had told ... accept the possibility. (如果五年前有人告訴我，我會在一個小農場里幸福地生活，我會堅決拒絕接受這種可能性。)”可知，五年前作者是一個堅定的城市女孩。故選D。
2．A.decided B．expected
C．promised D．managed
3．A.set up B．focused on
C．looked at D．heard of
解析：decide 決定；expect 期望；promise 承諾；manage 設法完成。根據下文“to move from our longtime home”及下文提到作者看房子可知，作者和丈夫決定搬家。故選A。
解析： set up 建立；focus on 集中注意力于；look at 看；hear of 聽說。上文“Then my husband and I __2__ to move from our longtime home.”提到作者和丈夫決定搬家，所以應是在周圍的社區看房。故選C。
4．A.changed B．expressed
C．promised D．suited
5．A.house B．farm
C．community D．garden
解析： change 改變；express 表達；promise 承諾；suit 適合。根據“but”可知，作者沒有找到一個適合需求或預算的房子。故選D。
解析： house 房子；farm 農場；community 社區；garden 花園。根據下一段中的“When we started our new life on the farm (當我們在農場上開始新生活時)”可知，作者在查看母親的農場時很喜歡這里的環境。故選B。
6．A.surprise B．relief
C．shame D．regret
7．A.continued B．finished
C．delayed D．began
解析： surprise 驚訝；relief 寬慰；shame 羞恥；regret 遺憾。根據語境及丈夫的回答“Yes！”可知，作者和丈夫本打算在城市找房子，所以作者沒想到丈夫會答應在農場建房，作者對丈夫的回答感到驚訝。故選A。
解析： continue 繼續；finish 完成；delay 耽擱；begin 開始。上文提到丈夫同意作者的提議，結合下文“When we started our new life on the farm, it was in a mess.”可知，作者和丈夫搬到了農場生活，他們的人生開始了一個不同的篇章。故選D。
8．A.regular B．practical
C．different D．difficult
解析： regular 定期的；practical 實用的；different 不同的；difficult 困難的。根據下一段首句“When we started our new life on the farm”可知，作者和丈夫決定在農場建房，與之前住在城市相比，這是開始了一個不同的、全新的篇章。故選C。
9．A.protect B．visit
C．clear D．divide
解析： protect 保護；visit 參觀，拜訪；clear 清理；divide (使)分開。根據下一句“We pulled down dead trees and planted vegetables and flowers. (我們把枯樹推倒，種上蔬菜和鮮花。)”可知，此處指開始清理土地。故選C。
10．A.forgave B．transformed
C．troubled D．pressed
解析： forgive 原諒；transform 使改變，使改觀；trouble 麻煩，使煩惱；press 壓。根據下文“We've learned to recognize ... calendars, schedules and to do lists.(我們已經學會了認識大自然的周期，而不是遵循時鐘、日歷、時間表和待辦事項清單。)”可知，作者和丈夫在建房子的過程中發生了改變。故選B。
11．A.length B．flow
C．order D．rest
12．A.appreciate B．escape
C．paint D．ignore
解析： length 長度；flow 流逝，流動；order 順序；rest 休息。根據下文“days into nights”可知，此處是指從白天到夜晚時間的流逝。故選B。
解析： appreciate 欣賞，感激；escape 逃跑；paint 給……刷油漆，繪畫；ignore 忽視。根據下文“sunrises and sunsets—each a unique, spectacular (壯觀的) sight”可知，此處指欣賞日出和日落。故選A。
13．A.gradually B．easily
C．partly D．quickly
14．A.affected B．questioned
C．reconsidered D．voiced
解析： gradually 逐漸地；easily 容易地；partly 部分地；quickly 快速地。結合語境及設空前的only可知，相機只能捕捉到一部分。故選C。
解析： affect 影響；question 質疑；reconsider 重新考慮；voice 表示，表達。根據下文“opposed our decision”可知，此處指當初質疑和反對作者的決定的人。故選B。
15．A.afraid B．free
C．unlikely D．unwilling
解析： afraid 害怕的；free 自由的；unlikely 不可能的；unwilling 不愿意的。根據上文“now feel the magic of the peace”可知，這些人在農場里感受到了寧靜的魔力，不愿離開。故選D。
Ⅱ　閱讀
For many years scientists have been wondering if the moon dirt could be used to grow food. Recently researchers planted a small flowering plant in moon soil taken back by Apollo. All of the seeds grew, but after the first week, the plants grew slowly, most ending up not fully developed. However, Simon Gilroy of the University of Wisconsin, who was not part of the study, said, “It is a big step forward.”
The longer the soil was exposed to radiation and solar wind on the moon, the worse the plants seemed to do. Exposed a couple billion years to the elements, the soil collected from the moon was the least helpful for growth. One solution might be to use newly－formed spots on the moon, like lava flows, for digging up soil. The soil environment also could be changed by adding special nutrient mixtures.
Only 382 kilograms of moon rocks and soil were brought back by the six Apollo crews that landed on the moon. Most of them are still locked away, forcing researchers to experiment with soil made of volcanic ash on Earth. NASA finally gave out 12 grams of soil to the University of Florida researchers for the planting experiment. NASA said the timing for such an experiment was finally right, for it planned to put astronauts back on the planet in a few years. Then future astronauts would use local dirt for indoor planting instead of setting up an all－water system.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關于月球上的泥土是否可以用來種植糧食的研究。
Sharmila Bhattacharya, a NASA's program scientist for space biology, said, “The fact that anything grew means that we have a really good starting point, and now the question is how we improve.” The scientists hope to reuse their lunar soil later to plant more of the plant before possibly moving on to other plants.
1．How did Simon Gilroy feel about the experiment
A．Doubtful. B．Funny.
C．Positive. D．Useless.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第一段最后一句“However, Simon Gilroy of ... ‘It is a big step forward.’(然而，威斯康星大學的Simon Gilroy(西蒙·吉爾羅伊)并沒有參與這項研究，他說：‘這是向前邁出的一大步。’)”可推知，Simon Gilroy對這個實驗的態度是積極的。故選C。
2．Why is the moon soil from lava flows friendly for growth
A．It is rich in some nutrient materials.
B．It contains more water.
C．No plant－eating insects collect in it.
D．Solar wind has changed it greatly.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段最后兩句“One solution might be ... adding special nutrient mixtures.(一種解決方案可能是利用月球上新形成的點，比如熔巖流，來挖掘土壤。 通過添加特殊的養分混合物也可以改變土壤環境。)”可推知，熔巖流形成的月球土壤有利于生長的原因是它含有豐富的營養物質。故選 A。
3．For what did NASA choose the time for the experiment
A．To draw more attention to it.
B．To collect data for planting on the moon.
C．To make full use of the limited moon soil.
D．To solve the food shortage on the moon.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段倒數第二句“NASA said the timing ... on the planet in a few years.(美國國家航空航天局表示，進行這樣一項實驗的時機終于成熟了，因為它計劃在幾年內將宇航員送回月球。)”可推知，現在開展試驗是在收集數據，以便實現在月球上種植。故選B。
4．What will the space biologists probably do immediately after the experiment
A．To grow crops without water.
B．To plant in volcanic ash.
C．To grow other plants in moon dirt.
D．To try more of the flowering plant.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段最后一句“The scientists hope to ... moving on to other plants.”可知，實驗結束后太空生物科學家們將會種更多這種開花植物。故選D。
Ⅲ　語法填空
Picking tea leaves is __1__ important spring activity in South China. Ancient Chinese __2__ (agriculture) production has long been guided by solar terms, and so has tea production. Tea leaves are ready to pick before Qingming; tea __3__ (pick) at that time is called Mingqian tea. Because of the small output and good quality, Mingqian tea __4__ (consider) quite valuable.
China has been a big tea producing country since ancient times. According to official data, China's tea planting area __5__ (grow) in recent years, with an increase of more than 1.81 million hectares in 16 years since 2000 and __6__ (it) yearly tea production has ranked first in the world for several years in a row.
In spring, local hillsides are often filled with tea pickers as well as farmers __7__ (plant) on their land. __8__ tea farms in the countryside pick tea leaves forms the beautiful scenery which has also contributed to an increase in tourism in these places. Many families take their children to experience the fun of picking tea leaves during spring outings with __9__ (laugh) ringing in the mountains. Picking tea leaves reflects hard work of Chinese people, __10__ is one of the traditional virtues.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________
6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些中國的茶文化知識。
1．答案：an
2．答案：agricultural
3．答案：picked
解析：考查冠詞。important spring activity表示泛指，應用不定冠詞限定，且important的發音以元音音素開頭。故填an。
解析：考查詞性轉換。修飾名詞production應用形容詞。故填agricultural。
解析：考查非謂語動詞。pick和名詞tea之間是被動關系，應用過去分詞作后置定語。故填picked。
4．答案：is considered
5．答案：has grown/has been growing
解析：考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。設空處作謂語，consider和主語之間是被動關系，此處描述客觀事實，應用一般現在時的被動語態，且主語Mingqian tea為不可數名詞。故填is considered。
解析：考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。根據時間狀語in recent years可知，謂語動詞應用現在完成時，表示過去開始的動作或狀態一直持續到現在；或用現在完成進行時，表示過去開始的動作一直持續到現在，并還將繼續下去。主語China's tea planting area表示單數概念。故填has grown/has been growing。
6．答案：its
7．答案：planting
8．答案：That
解析：考查代詞。根據名詞短語yearly tea production可知，此處應用it的形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。
解析：考查非謂語動詞。plant和farmers之間是主動關系，應用現在分詞作后置定語。故填planting。
解析：考查主語從句的連接詞。設空處引導主語從句，從句不缺成分，且句意完整，應用that引導。句首單詞首字母應大寫。故填That。
9．答案：laughter
10．答案：which
解析：考查詞性轉換。根據with可知，此處應用laugh的名詞laughter作介詞的賓語，laughter為不可數名詞。故填laughter。
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為hard work of Chinese people，指物，引導詞在從句中作主語，應用which引導。故填which。
精深閱讀
Starch (淀粉) is the main component of flour, rice and corn among others, while carbon dioxide makes up the vast majority of greenhouse gases. One day, humans may be able to “eat” carbon dioxide, and global warming could be “eaten away” by carbon lovers. Although it sounds wild, the day is coming.
Chinese scientists have created starch using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity, according to a study published in Science in September.
“Plants create starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is a complex and inefficient process，” Ma Yanhe, the director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told China Daily. He added that it would take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into starch.
“Our breakthrough shows that making starch is achievable in a lab. This method makes it possible to produce food in factories and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology，” Ma told China Daily.
The team has been working on the process for 6 years. “The first step of the method is to convert carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol (甲醇), which is a molecule (分子) that contains a single carbon atom，” Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, told China Daily. Scientists then piece these single－carbon molecules into bigger and more complex molecules. With the help of super computing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch－making process from about 60 steps into 11.
“The new process has made it possible to turn starch production from traditional agricultural farming to industrial production. And it may be possible to satisfy our needs without farming in the future. This will not only help save water, fertilizer and land but also help recycle carbon dioxide to deal with climate change，” a research fellow with the Chinese Academy of Sciences told the Global Times.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。根據發表在《科學》雜志上的一項研究，中國科學家已經利用二氧化碳、氫和電制造出了淀粉。
The study can also benefit space exploration in the future. The starch may provide a secure food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space by simply turning the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food.
1．What does Ma Yanhe think of the new method of creating starch
A．It's extremely complex and inefficient.
B．It's more efficient than the natural method.
C．It's a way of dealing with global warming.
D．It's achievable through photosynthesis.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Plants create starch through photosynthesis (光合作用), which is a complex and inefficient process”可知，馬延和認為自然界產生淀粉的過程復雜而低效，由此可推知，他認為新方法比自然方法更有效。故選B。
2．The underlined word “convert” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”．
A．translate B．mix
C．divide D．transform
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第五段中的“The first step ... carbon atom”可知，甲醇是只有一個碳原子的分子物質，且這種物質是由二氧化碳和氫氣轉化而成的。由此可推知，convert意為“轉化，轉變”。故選D。
3．What can be learned about the breakthrough
A．It can change the way of starch production.
B．It will be beneficial to people's health.
C．It can provide astronauts with delicious food.
D．It helps farmers rid traditional agricultural farming.
解析：細節理解題。根據倒數第二段中的“The new process ... industrial production.”可知，這項突破改變了淀粉生產的方式。故選A。
4．What can be the best title of this passage
A．Hungry for starch
B．Smart with starch
C．Secure about starch
D．Beneficial to many industries
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據第二段內容可知，文章主要講述了中國科學家成功把二氧化碳合成淀粉。因此B項(智造淀粉)最適合作為文章標題。故選B。
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．majority(第一段)
majority n. ________________→major adj. ________________
2．inefficient(第三段)
inefficient adj. _________________→efficient
adj. __________________→efficiency n. ________________
多數，大多數
主要的，大部分的
無效率的，無能的
能干的；有效率的
效率，效能
熟義 n. _______________ She tried to tear a small piece off the edge.
她試圖從邊上撕下一小_____。
n. ____________ The vase lay in pieces on the floor.
花瓶______散落在地上。
生義 vt. _______________ _____________ We managed to piece together the truth from several sketchy accounts.
我們從幾方面粗略的說法中設法______了真相。
vt. __________ She tried to piece together the cheque which he had just torn up.
她試圖把他剛剛撕開的支票______起來。
片；塊；段；截
3．piece(第五段)
塊
碎片；碎塊
碎片
整理證據(以發現真相)
弄清
拼接；拼湊
拼湊
4.simplify(第五段)
simplify v. ____________→simplification n. _________________→simple adj. ______________→simply adv. ________________
簡化，精簡
單純化；簡單化
簡單的，簡明的
僅僅，只；不過
Complex
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
inefficient
lab
produce food
11
climate change
secure food source
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
The new process has made it possible to turn starch production from traditional agricultural farming to industrial production.
__________________________________________________________________
這一新工藝使淀粉生產從傳統農業生產轉向工業生產成為可能。

展開更多......

收起↑