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英語　選擇性必修 第一冊 RJ
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
一　閱讀單詞(4個)
寫出英語單詞
1．bow vi. 鞠躬；點頭　vt. 低(頭)　n. 弓；蝴蝶結
2．waist n. 腰；腰部
3．barrier n. 隔閡；障礙
4．fake adj. 假裝的；假的；冒充的
二　核心單詞(8個)
A．寫出英語單詞
1．vary vi. (根據情況)變化；改變
2．appropriate adj. 合適的；恰當的
3．approve vi. 贊成；同意　vt. 批準；通過
4．gesture n. 手勢；姿勢；姿態
5．witness vt. 當場看到；目擊；見證　n. 目擊者；證人
6．identical adj. 相同的
7．differ vi. 相異；不同于
8．favour vt. 較喜歡；選擇；有利于　n. 幫助；恩惠；贊同
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高階)I don't approve of violence in any shape or form.
2．(牛津高階)Ideas on childcare may differ considerably between the parents.
3．(牛津高階)Her dress is almost identical to mine.
4．(柯林斯詞典)Prices vary according to the quantity ordered.
三　拓展單詞(6個)
A．寫出英語單詞，并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．interact v. 交流；相互影響→interaction n. 交流；相互影響
2．demonstrate vt. 表現；表達；說明；證明→demonstration n. 證明；說明；證實
3．employ vt. 使用；應用；雇用→employment n. 職業；工作；使用→employer n. 雇主→employee n. 雇員；受雇者
4．interpret vt. 把……理解(解釋)為　vi.& vt. 口譯→interpreter n. 口譯譯員
5．anger n. 憤怒；怒氣　vt. 使生氣；激怒→angry adj. 發怒的；生氣的→angrily adv. 憤怒地；生氣地
6．reliable adj. 可靠的；可信賴的→rely v. 依靠；依賴
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(中國日報)As we approach another Children's Day, let's review some memorable moments from Xi's interactions with children.
2．(牛津高階)He was filled with anger at the way he had been treated.
3．(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject.
4．(牛津高階)The police had to employ force to enter the building.
5．(牛津高階)How reliable are the local weather forecasts
6．(柯林斯詞典)The whole speech might well be__interpreted as a coded message to the Americans.
四　熟詞生義(1個)
A．翻譯
1．(柯林斯詞典)The mirror clouded beside her cheek.
緊貼她臉頰的鏡子起了霧。
2．(劍橋高階)He's always getting into trouble for cheeking his teachers.
他總是因為對老師無禮而惹上麻煩。
B．寫出下面單詞的熟義/生義
cheek (教材P38)
熟義　n. 面頰；臉頰
生義　vt. 對……無禮
五　重點短語(4個)
A．寫出英語短語
1．by__contrast 相比之下
2．by__comparison (與……)相比較
3．make__inferences 推理；推斷
4．break__down 消除；分解；打破
B．用上面的短語填空，使句意完整
1．(柯林斯詞典)His early experience enabled him to break__down barriers between Scottish Catholics and Protestants.
2．(劍橋高階)Their economy has expanded enormously, while ours, by__contrast,__has declined.
3．(牛津高階)The second half of the game was dull by__comparison with the first.
4．(中國日報)Sometimes, we might not be able to get to the bottom of the question even after very long periods of research, and we can only make__inferences based on available information.
1 vary vi. (根據情況)變化；改變(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.
班級的數目從25到30不等。
②(中國日報)The level and standard can vary from village to village, with the focus of ensuring basic needs and solving key problems, the official said.
這位官員說，每個村莊的水平和標準都不同，重點是確保基本需求和解決關鍵問題。
③(劍橋高階)The samples varied in quality but were generally acceptable.
這些樣品質量不一致，但大體可以接受。
④(牛津高階)The menu varies with the season.
菜單隨季節而變動。
⑤(劍橋高階)Various people whom we weren't expecting turned up at the meeting.
各種各樣我們意想不到的人出現在了會議上。
⑥(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (剎車), bikes with hand brake and gears (排擋), bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.
我們提供各種各樣的最新的自行車，包括基本的帶有腳剎的自行車，帶有手剎和排擋的自行車，帶有兒童座椅的自行車和兒童自行車。
【運用】單句語法填空
①When preparing meals, you need to think about variety (vary) and taste as well as nutritional value.
②Tastes and preferences vary from individual to individual.
③There are various (vary) treatments available for this condition.
【輸出】翻譯
④The flowers that vary in colour and size appeal to a large number of bees.
這些顏色和大小各異的花吸引了大量的蜜蜂。
⑤這些電線的長度在30厘米到45厘米之間。
The__lengths__of__these__wires__vary__between__30__cm__and__45__cm.
2 appropriate adj. 合適的；恰當的(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(朗文當代)It would not be appropriate for me to discuss that now.
我現在不適合討論那件事。
②(朗文當代)It seemed somehow appropriate that we should begin our journey here.
從這里開始我們的旅程似乎很合適。
③(劍橋高階)She didn't think we were appropriately dressed for a wedding.
她覺得我們的穿著不適合參加婚禮。
【運用】單句語法填空
①We can respond appropriately (appropriate) by giving them what they want.
②It is appropriate that we(should)__have (have) a special day for you.
【輸出】翻譯
③I don't think it's appropriate to make adjustments to the plan now.
我認為現在調整計劃是不合適的。
3 approve vi. 贊成；同意　vt. 批準；通過(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(劍橋高階)I thoroughly approve of what the government is doing.
我完全贊成政府的做法。
②(牛津高階)He doesn't approve of my leaving school this year.
他不贊成我今年離校。
③(柯林斯詞典)The city fathers have just given final approval to a new stadium.
市政府官員們剛才已對新體育場的承建工作做了最終批準。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Sam always tried hard to win his father's approval (approve)．
②She didn't approve of their choice of reading matter.
【輸出】翻譯
③總統已經批準了這個計劃。
The__president__has__already__given__his__approval__to__the__plan.
4 employ vt. 使用；應用；雇用(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.
三年來他一直受雇當消防員。
②(2023·全國甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
卡森證明了一種簡單的已經流傳了多年的文學形式至今仍可以用來引起人們對重要真理的關注。
③(牛津高階)She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
她正忙著把要做的所有工作列一個清單。
④(柯林斯詞典)He regularly drove from his home to his place of employment.
他經常開車從家到工作地點。
【運用】單句語法填空
①She has been employed in preparing for the press conference all morning.
②We employed an architect to__design (design) our summer house.
③The company started out with 20 employees (employ).
【輸出】翻譯
④It's reported that the employer employed thousands of employees and increased the employment rate of the city.
據報道，該雇主雇用了數千名雇員，提高了該市的就業率。
⑤工廠決定聘請這位退休教授為顧問。
The__factory__determined__to__employ__the__retired__professor__as__an__adviser.
5 differ vi. 相異；不同于(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(劍橋高階)The twins look alike, but they differ in temperament.
這對雙胞胎長得很像，但他們的性情不同。
②(劍橋高階)The story he told police differed from the one he told his mother.
他告訴警察的故事和他告訴他母親的不一樣。
③(牛津高階)I have to differ with you on that.
在那一點上我不能同意你的看法。
④(牛津高階)Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not.
你能否得到這工作應該與你的年齡無關。
【運用】單句語法填空
①American English is significantly different (differ) from British English.
②Since his retirement, Crowe has differed with the President on several issues.
③She believed that such an experience would make a big difference to/in her boy's life.
【輸出】翻譯
④Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.
世界上的萬物是千差萬別的。
⑤他堅持認為這兩個詞的意思不同。
He__insisted__the__two__words__differed__in__meaning.
6 favo(u)r vt. 較喜歡；選擇；有利于　n. 幫助；恩惠；贊同(教材P38)
歸納
①(劍橋高階)In the survey, a majority of people favoured higher taxes and better public services over tax cuts.
在調查中，大多數人支持更高的稅收和更好的公共服務，而不是減稅。
②(柯林斯詞典)I've come to ask you to do me a favour.
我是來請你幫我一個忙的。
③(中國日報)So they're pretty clear; unless the science can absolutely reassure everybody that it's totally safe to come down to five days, they're not in favour of that.
所以他們很清楚，除非科學能絕對保證每個人把時間縮短到5天是完全安全的，否則他們是不會贊成的。
④(2023·全國甲卷)Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.
把你最喜歡的節目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕。
⑤(牛津高階)The terms of the agreement are favourable to both sides.
協議條款對雙方都有利。
【運用】單句語法填空
①I feel a bit uneasy about asking her to do me such a big favour.
②My mother was against my idea while my father was in favour of it.
③It was, and still is, my favo(u)rite (favour) movie.
【輸出】翻譯
④She was willing to bend the rules in Mary's favour.
她愿意放寬規定以有利于瑪麗。
⑤對某個孩子有偏愛是不對的。
It__isn't__right__to__favo(u)r__one__child__over__the__other.
1 by contrast 相比之下(教材P38)
歸納
①(中國日報)By contrast, the highest－income families faced a significantly reduced inflation rate of 6.6 percent.
相比之下，收入最高的家庭面臨的通貨膨脹率明顯降低了6.6%。
②(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information
　we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off line” activity.
在我們日益網絡化的生活中，我們消費的信息被監控和跟蹤，與之相比，印刷書籍仍然提供了一個完全私人的、“離線”活動的機會。
③(牛津高階)She contrasted the situation then with the present crisis.
她將過去的情況與現在的危機進行了對比。
④(劍橋高階)The sharpness of the lemons contrasts with the sweetness of the honey.
檸檬的澀味與蜂蜜的甜味形成鮮明對比。
【運用】單句語法填空
①In contrast to the previous year the situation is much better now.
②In another passage, Melville again contrasts the land with the sea.
【輸出】翻譯
③The snow was icy and white, contrasting with the brilliant blue sky.
雪是冰冷的、白色的，與明亮的藍天形成對比。
④相比之下，她姐姐比她勤奮得多。
By/In__contrast,__her__sister__is__more__diligent__than__her.
2 break down 消除；分解；打破(教材P39)
歸納
①(柯林斯詞典)She made numerous efforts to break down colour lines in public places.
她為打破公共場所的種族界限做出過許多努力。
②(牛津高階)The girl broke into a trot and disappeared around the corner.
那姑娘突然小步跑了起來，拐過街角不見了。
③(牛津高階)She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.
她掰了一塊巧克力給我。
④(朗文當代)He's a very talented young actor who's just ready to break through.
他是個很有才華的年輕演員，正準備有所突破。
⑤(柯林斯詞典)I broke away from him and rushed out into the hall.
我掙脫了他，沖進了大廳。
【運用】用break的相關短語填空
①They had escaped to Europe shortly before the war broke__out in 1939.
②They hope to break__through soon in their fight against the disease.
③There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break__into the house.
【輸出】翻譯
④This would help break down the barriers between the young and the old.
這將有助于消除年輕人與老年人之間的隔閡。
⑤他去年與公司脫離了關系。
He__broke__away__from__the__company__last__year.
[教材原句P38]In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. 相反，在另一些國家，眼神交流并不總是被認可。
剖析 該句是表示部分否定的句型。not always意為“并不總是……”。
歸納
①(牛津高階)We're not always this busy!
我們并不總是這么忙！
②(2023·浙江高考1月)Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
如果你想過一種更可持續的生活方式，很可能并不是你周圍的每個人都能準備好加入。
③(朗文當代)I knocked on the door but nobody answered.
我敲了敲門，但沒人應門。
④(柯林斯詞典)Food shortages are no longer a problem.
糧食短缺不再是個問題。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Money is not everything, but without money one can go hardly anywhere.
②Not all doctors are skilled in helping their patients make choices.
③None of them could afford ￡50 for a ticket.
【輸出】翻譯
④Not everyone approves of celebrating the festival.
不是每個人都贊成慶祝這個節日。
⑤生活并不總是一帆風順，但在路上我們總能得到別人的幫助。
Life__is__not__always__smooth,__but__on__the__way__we__can__always__get__help__from__others.
LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK
傾聽身體如何說話
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
在與他人交流時，我們用語言和肢體語言來表達我們的想法和觀點。
We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.
通過觀察肢體語言，我們能夠更多地了解人們的想法。
Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
語言是重要的，但是人們站著、雙臂抱胸和揮手的方式也能向我們傳達他們的感受。
難句分析
①本句是but連接的并列句。people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands是定語從句，修飾先行詞the way，定語從句前省略了關系詞that/in__which。
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
就像口語一樣，肢體語言也因文化而異。
The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
最重要的是要以一種適合你所在文化的方式使用肢體語言。
For example, making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest.
例如，眼神交流——直視某人的眼睛——在一些國家是一種表示感興趣的方式。
In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
相反，在另一些國家，眼神交流并不總是被認可。
For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact.
例如，在許多中東國家，不允許男女在社交場合進行眼神交流。
In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
在日本，當和年長的人說話時，低頭則是對長輩表示尊重。
難句分析
②it是形式主語；動詞不定式短語to look down是真正的主語；when talking to an older person是時間狀語從句的省略，補充完整為：when you are talking to an older person。
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures.
“OK”這個手勢在不同的文化中有不同的含義。
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本，看到別人做這個手勢的人可能會以為這表示“錢”。
In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero.
在法國，面對同樣的手勢，人們可能會將其解讀為“零”。
However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
然而，在巴西和德國，你應該避免做這個手勢，因為這被認為是不禮貌的。
難句分析
③avoid后跟動名詞作賓語，as引導原因狀語從句。
Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world.
甚至我們說“是”和“不是”的姿勢也因地而異。
In many countries, shaking one's head means “no”， and nodding means “yes”．
在許多國家，搖頭表示“不”，點頭表示“是”。
By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.
相比之下，在保加利亞和南阿爾巴尼亞，手勢的含義正好相反。
There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.
我們如何相互接觸，與談話的人站得有多近，以及我們見面或分手時如何表現，這些方面也存在差異。
In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.
在法國和俄羅斯等國家，人們在和朋友見面時可能會親吻對方的臉頰。
Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
在其他地方，人們見面時喜歡握手、鞠躬或點頭。
難句分析
④本句是There be句型，為倒裝結構；其中how we ..., how close we ...和how we ...是三個how引導的賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語；we are talking to是省略了關系詞that的定語從句，修飾先行詞someone；when引導時間狀語從句。
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere.
有些手勢似乎在任何地方都有相同的含義。
Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”．
雙手合攏放在頭的一側，同時閉上眼睛表示“睡覺”。
A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.
飯后表示“我吃飽了”的一個好方法是把手掌放在肚子上劃幾圈。
難句分析
⑤placing ... 和resting ... 是兩個并列的動名詞短語作主語，表示一個完整的動作，所以謂語動詞用單數形式means；while closing your eyes是時間狀語從句的省略，補充完整為：while you are closing your eyes。
Some body language has many different uses.
有的肢體語言有許多不同的用途。
Perhaps the best example is smiling.
微笑也許就是最好的例子。
A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
微笑可以幫助我們熬過困難，在一個滿是陌生人的世界里找到朋友。
A smile can break down barriers.
微笑可以打破障礙。
We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation.
我們可以用微笑去道歉，去問候別人，去請求幫助，或者開始一段對話。
Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
專家建議對著鏡子微笑，這樣可以讓自己更快樂、更堅強。
And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我們感到沮喪或孤獨，沒有什么是比看到好朋友的笑臉更治愈的事情了。
難句分析
⑥if引導條件狀語從句，主句中nothing better than是“否定詞＋比較級＋than”結構，表示最高級含義，表示“沒有比……更……的了”。
Ⅰ.根據語境及首字母提示完成句子
1．She fastened the belt loosely around her w________．
答案：waist
2．It was terrified, but we knew it was f________．
答案：fake
3．And his c________ were like roses in the snow.
答案：cheeks
4．Lack of confidence is a psychological b________ to success.
答案：barrier
5．They didn't receive any special f________ from the state.
答案：favo(u)rs
6．Police asked passers－by if they had w________ the accident.
答案：witnessed
7．As we all know, an arrow won't do without a b________．
答案：bow
8．Let me d________ to you some of the difficulties we are facing.
答案：demonstrate
9．He made a friendly g________ at the driver of the other car.
答案：gesture
10．I didn't know whether to i________her silence as acceptance or refusal.
答案：interpret
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．When I saw the boys throwing stones at the dog, I was filled with ________ (angry)．
答案：anger
2．The more ________ (interact) the robot has with humans, the more it learns.
答案：interaction
3．There is nothing better ________ going to college for the first time and having all of this freedom for yourself.
答案：than
4．The exact information comes from a(n) ________ (rely) source.
答案：reliable
5．Most of the newcomers are employed ________ developing the technology into a product.
答案：in
6．His actions contrast sharply ________ his promises.
答案：with
7．Many people choose to shop on the Internet, as it offers a ________ (vary) of goods.
答案：variety
8．There was great applause when the actors took ________ bow.
答案：a
9．It takes a long time to break ________ prejudices, but we have to keep trying.
答案：down
10．Not both ________ the instruments are precise ones.
答案：of
Ⅲ.選詞填空
make inferences; by contrast; appropriate; by comparison; identical
1．Ask your doctor whether these treatments are ____________ for you.
答案：appropriate
2．You look ____________ to your mother when she was your age.
答案：identical
3．We can only tell good from bad ____________.
答案：by comparison
4．It's impossible to ____________ from such a small sample.
答案：make inferences
5．I am not good at expressing myself. ____________， I am better at thinking indeed.
答案：By contrast
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我媽媽不同意我放棄目前的工作。
My mother didn't ________________ my giving up the current job.
答案：approve of
2．在這個問題上，每個人的觀點大不一樣。
Opinions on this matter ______________________________．
答案：vary greatly from person to person
3．船長很同情他，把他雇用為船上的廚師。
The captain felt sorry for him and ____________________ the ship's cook.
答案：employed him as/to be
4．在那個問題上，他和他父親的看法有分歧。
He ____________ his father about the question.
答案：differed with
5．我舉雙手贊成校園內禁止吸煙。
I raise both hands ________________ banning smoking inside the schoolyard.
答案：in favour of
課后課時作業(一)
較易題(占比0%)　中檔題(占比100%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B
難度 ★★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
For as long as human have lived on the earth, they have made use of all kinds of different ways of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of spoken language. When there is a spoken language problem, communication can be carried out through sign language, in which gestures stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and people unable to hear or speak have often had to turn to this form of expression. When gestures describe words or ideas, they can be used internationally. When used for spelling words however, where each gesture stands for a single letter, people must share the same written language.
Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either meaningfully or not. A wink (眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking. A nod means agreement, while shaking the head means disagreement.
Other forms of language can be found in Braille (a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide and warn people. While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了自從在地球上生活以來，人類就開始用各種各樣的方式進行交流。
1．Which of the following ways can NOT be used as a form of communication
A．Gestures.
B．Road maps.
C．Smoke signals.
D．Thoughts and feelings.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“When there ... and ideas.(當口語出現問題時，交流可以通過手語進行，在手語中，手勢代表字母、單詞和想法。)”以及最后一段中的“Other forms ... warn people.(其他形式的語言可以在盲文(盲人用指尖閱讀凸起點的閱讀系統)、信號旗、莫爾斯電碼和煙霧信號中找到。道路地圖和圖片標志也指導和警告人們。)”可知，手勢、路線圖和煙霧信號都是交流方式。故選D。
2．To show you are joking you may ________．
A．give a “V” gesture with your fingers
B．give a wink
C．shake your head
D．give a nod
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“A wink (眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.(眨眼可以表示這個人只是在開玩笑。)”可知，如果想表示自己在開玩笑，就眨眨眼。故選B。
3．The reading system “Braille” may be most used by ________．
A．tourists
B．soldiers
C．people unable to see
D．people unable to hear
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Braille (a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind)(盲文(盲人用指尖閱讀凸起點的閱讀系統))”可知，盲文經常被盲人所使用。故選C。
4．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________．
A．language is being less used today
B．not everyone can read picture signs
C．the forms of communication are developing
D．techniques will take the place of language
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“While language ... and feelings.(雖然語言是最常見的交流形式，但其他系統和技巧也能表達人類的思想和情感。)”可推知，人類交流的形式在不斷地發展著。故選C。
B
Sign language is the main way deaf people communicate. Since they can't hear, talking to people can be tough. Fortunately, sign language interpreters step in to bridge this gap.
Hao Shuxin, 24, sees sign language as her first language, as her parents are deaf. “I pick up sign language before I could even talk，” she recalled. From a young age, Hao has been helping her parents and other deaf individuals communicate. In 2018, she became a sign language interpreter at a law company in Chongqing, assisting deaf clients in legal matters.
Since sign language has a smaller vocabulary, Hao often encounters complex legal terms that have no direct match. In such cases, she patiently breaks down the meaning for deaf people. There are also grammatical differences between Chinese and sign language. “For example, the phrase ‘put out a fire’ is signed as ‘a fire put out’ in sign language, as deaf people describe what they see first，” Hao explained.
Besides hand gestures, facial expressions and mouth movements are essential components of sign language. They work together to accurately communicate messages and prevent misunderstandings. To ensure clarity in legal interpretations, Hao sometimes repeats a sentence two or three times for deaf individual. “I feel stressed at work because I worry about being misunderstood，” she admitted.
Part of Hao's anxiety comes from the fact that sign language has regional “dialects”. The same word can be expressed with different hand gestures depending on where a deaf person is from. “For example, people in Inner Mongolia and Chongqing use different gestures for the word ‘true’，” Hao explained. She believes that patience and compassion (同情) are essential to her work. “My parents are deaf, so I understand the challenges faced by the deaf community. I want to do everything I can to help them，” Hao said.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了郝舒欣的手語翻譯經歷，她從小掌握手語，現幫助聾啞人溝通并解決法律問題，體現了手語翻譯的意義和挑戰。
5．What can be learned about Hao Shuxin
A．She wants to learn more sign language dialects.
B．She hopes to be a successful lawyer in Chongqing.
C．She learned sign language when she was very small.
D．She communicates with others mainly by sign language.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“I pick up sign language before I could even talk”可知，郝舒欣在很小的時候就學會了手語。故選C。
6．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A．The vocabulary of sign language is very large.
B．Sign language and Chinese have many similarities.
C．It is not easy to express legal terms in sign language.
D．It is hard for deaf people to understand the sign language.
答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Since sign language ... have no direct match.(由于手語的詞匯量較小，郝舒欣經常遇到沒有直接匹配的復雜法律術語。)”可推知，用手語表達法律術語并不容易。故選C。
7．What does the underlined word “clarity” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Clearness. B．Awareness.
C．Kindness. D．Gentleness.
答案：A
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第四段中的“Hao sometimes repeats ... she admitted”可知，郝舒欣有時會為聾啞人重復一句話兩到三次，她擔心被誤解，這樣做是想確保法律解釋的清晰性。由此可知，畫線詞clarity意為“清晰性”。故選A。
8．What is the best title of the text
A．Sign language is the first language of the deaf
B．A sign language interpreter guards the silent world
C．Sign language plays an important role in the legal field
D．A sign language interpreter significantly changes other people's life
答案：B
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章從郝舒欣的視角描述了手語翻譯的工作內容、挑戰和意義，突出了她幫助聾啞人融入社會的努力，展現了她對無聲世界的守護。B項(手語翻譯守護無聲的世界)最適合作為文章標題。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
Using body language will make people more likely to be influenced by you. But they will only be persuaded (說服) if they also trust you. So it's equally important to use your body language in a way that makes people feel connected. __1__
Start with a smile
It sounds so simple, but a smile is powerful for you to connect with other people. Big smiles make people think you are warm and confident. People are always more willing to listen to your point of view if they like you. __2__
Nod your head
If you want people to say “yes” to you, get them nodding in agreement even before you ask a question. If you nod at people, they will feel the urge (強烈的欲望) to do it back. Start by nodding when they talk, as if you're agreeing with their statements (說法). __3__ When they are already nodding, they are much more likely to start agreeing with you.
Stand up
If you are standing up while other people you are talking to are sitting, you will gain the upper hand at once. __4__ It is important not to stand over them, or to lean in so much that they feel uncomfortable.
Lean in
__5__ If other people lean or step back, you have certainly shown that you are in control. If you want to be someone who has influence and persuasion, you need people to like you, not to be scared of you.
A．Make sure you don't stay too close to them.
B．Remember you must take control of others.
C．The gesture of leaning in is necessary in talks.
D．Here's how to use your body language effectively.
E．A smile is the first step in building a good relationship.
F．Standing above them makes them feel that you are more powerful.
G．Then, when you're making your own statements, watch their reactions.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了有效使用肢體語言的方法。
1．答案：D
解析：上文提到以合適的方式使用肢體語言是重要的，且下文從四個方面介紹了使用肢體語言時的注意事項。D項(以下是如何有效地使用肢體語言的方法。)承上啟下。故選D。
2．答案：E
解析：上文“It sounds so simple, but a smile is powerful for you to connect with other people.”提到微笑有助于與其他人交流，E項(微笑是建立良好關系的第一步。)總結上文。故選E。
3．答案：G
解析：上文提到當別人說話時，點頭意味著你同意他們的說法，G項(然后，當你發表自己的言論時，觀察他們的反應。)承接上文。故選G。
4．答案：F
解析：上文“If you are standing up ... gain the upper hand at once.”提到交談時站著的好處，F項(站著比他們高會讓他們覺得你更強大。)繼續說明站著的益處。故選F。
5．答案：A
解析：下文“If other people lean or step back, you have certainly shown that you are in control.”提到他們傾斜或者后退表明你在控制局面，A項(確保不要離他們太近。)引出下文。故選A。
　精深閱讀
Why should we learn body language
In English classes, we spend a large amount of time studying grammar and learning new words. We work hard to improve our reading and listening skills. Few of us, however, pay enough attention to body language. So body language is not important, is it
The answer is “No！” Sometimes, we can communicate with others even without a single word. For example, shrugging our shoulders (聳肩), and without a word, we've just said, “I don't know.”
Body language can help us stress what we are saying. It can help us express our true, inner feelings. Moreover, body language can help us find out if someone is lying. Often, people who are lying do not make eye contact. They may raise their shoulders because they are uncomfortable with the conversation.
In job interviews, the interviewers can sometimes judge the interviewee before he or she speaks. Body language is important in our personal life, too. It can show if you really care about your friends. Leaning (前傾) forward in the conversation, for example, means you are interested in what is being said. Listening without making eye contact means you are not paying attention but are waiting for your turn to speak.
Scientists have been studying body language for a long time. They say more than 70 percent of our messages are given through body language. Sometimes, body language is more accurate (精準的) than the words we use.
So it is very important for us to learn body language. By understanding body language, we are less likely to be misunderstood. We will find it easier to get a job. We will also have lasting friendships.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了學習和理解肢體語言的重要性。
1．According to the first paragraph, in English classes, which of the following things is not mentioned
A．Studying grammar.
B．Learning new words.
C．Improving reading skills.
D．Practising using body language.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“In English classes ... to body language.”可知，在英語課上，我們學習語法、新單詞以及努力提高閱讀技能，并未提及練習使用肢體語言。故選D。
2．According to the passage, what may people who are lying do
A．Lean forward.
B．Make eye contact.
C．Raise their shoulders.
D．Shrug their shoulders.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Often, people who ... with the conversation.”可知，撒謊的人可能會抬起肩膀，因為他們對談話感到不舒服。故選C。
3．By writing this passage, what does the writer mainly want to do
A．To teach readers to understand body language.
B．To tell readers the importance of learning body language.
C．To show readers how to find out if someone is lying.
D．To help readers improve their English reading and listening skills.
答案：B
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據最后一段(因此，學習肢體語言對我們來說非常重要。通過理解肢體語言，我們不太可能被誤解。我們會發現找工作更容易。我們也將擁有持久的友誼。)可推知，作者主要是想告訴讀者學習肢體語言的重要性。故選B。
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．a large amount of(第一段)
2．find out(第三段)
3．interview(第四段)
interview n. 面試，面談；訪談　v. 對(某人)進行面試(或面談)；接受面試→interviewer n. 面試官，采訪者，接見者→interviewee n. 參加面試者；接受采訪者
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
Leaning (前傾) forward in the conversation, for example, means you are interested in what is being said.
例如，在交談中身體前傾意味著你對正在說的內容感興趣。
課后課時作業(二)
較易題(占比0%)　中檔題(占比100%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ　完形填空
You never know how far a kind act can go. You don't know who it can __1__， either. When Gloria Porter and Jeff Reick began __2__， they had no idea how much it would __3__ others to shower (大量給予) people with kindness.
89－year－old Gloria Porter was lying in hospital. She couldn't leave her ward. So to __4__ boredom, she would often stare outside her window to watch construction workers building the new front entrance to the hospital. She wasn't expecting one of the __5__ to wave to her. She couldn't help but wave back at the kind __6__. This was only the start of a special __7__ between the two.
When Porter saw construction workers working high above the ground one cold, windy day, she grew __8__. She wrote “Stay safe” on a piece of paper, which she then __9__ on the window for the workers to see. “When I saw ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper, I __10__ and said to my coworkers, ‘Did you see that？’” Reick said.
The hospital staff took photos of that and __11__ them on social media. The simple acts of kindness __12__ and many people were employed in similar acts, including one woman who delivered __13__ pizza to the construction workers.
“I just try to lead by example and never expect so much __14__，” Reick said, “if everybody __15__ does things like that, the world will be a better place.”
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位老人和建筑工人之間通過手勢和簡單的文字互相關懷的溫暖故事。最終兩人互相關愛的故事也感染了很多人。
1．A.disturb B．employ
C．affect D．describe
答案：C
解析：disturb 打擾；employ 雇用；affect 影響；describe 描述。根據下文“many people were employed in similar acts”可知，很多人也做相似的善舉，所以此處指善意的行為影響其他人。故選C。
2．A.communicating B．singing
C．arguing D．explaining
答案：A
解析：communicate 交流；sing 唱歌；argue 爭吵；explain 解釋。根據下文“wave to her (向她揮手)”以及“She wrote ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper”可知，兩個人通過肢體語言和文字進行交流。故選A。
3．A.require B．warn
C．force D．encourage
答案：D
解析：require 需要；warn 警告；force 強迫；encourage 鼓勵。根據下文可知，他們兩個人的行為影響了其他人，鼓勵了他們給予其他人善意。故選D。
4．A.make for B．put off
C．figure out D．escape from
答案：D
解析：make for 走向；put off 推遲；figure out 弄清楚；escape from 從……逃跑。根據上文“She couldn't leave her ward.”可知，她不能離開她的病房，她盯著窗外，看建筑工人修建醫院的前門是為了打發無聊的時間，即逃避無聊。故選D。
5．A.workers B．nurses
C．doctors D．patients
答案：A
解析：根據上文“construction workers”可知，此處指其中一個建筑工人向她招手。故選A。
6．A.job B．inspiration
C．gesture D．favor
答案：C
解析：根據上文“wave to her”可知，這是一種手勢。故選C。
7．A.business B．connection
C．difference D．trouble
答案：B
解析：上文提到他們互相揮手致意，根據下文“She wrote ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper”可知，他們又通過文字進行聯系，此處指一種特殊的聯系方式。故選B。
8．A.puzzled B．worried
C．thrilled D．annoyed
答案：B
解析：puzzled 困惑的；worried 擔心的；thrilled 極為激動的；annoyed 惱怒的，生氣的。根據下文“She wrote ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper”可知，她擔心建筑工人的安全。故選B。
9．A.knocked B．installed
C．placed D．drew
答案：C
解析：knock 敲；install 安裝；place 放置；draw 畫。根據語境和常識可知，她把字條放在窗戶上。故選C。
10．A.came down B．broke down
C．showed up D．turned around
答案：D
解析：come down 下降；落下；break down 分解；發生故障；show up 出現；turn around 轉身。根據下文“said to my coworkers”可知，他們都在高空作業，Reick是轉身對工友說。故選D。
11．A.shared B．found
C．mentioned D．deleted
答案：A
解析：share 分享；find 發現，找到；mention 提到；delete 刪除。根據下文“on social media”可知，照片被分享到社交媒體上。故選A。
12．A.happened B．succeeded
C．spread D．formed
答案：C
解析：happen 發生；succeed 成功；spread 傳播；form 形成。根據下文“many people were employed in similar acts”可知，這個舉動在社交媒體上傳播開來，許多人效仿。故選C。
13．A.expensive B．free
C．ordinary D．cheap
答案：B
解析：根據上文“many people were employed in similar acts”可知，許多人也開始做善意的舉動，此處是指送免費的比薩餅。故選B。
14．A.participation B．satisfaction
C．solution D．introduction
答案：A
解析：participation 參加，參與；satisfaction 滿意；solution 解決方法；introduction 介紹。根據上文可知，很多人也做相似的善舉，Reick沒想到有這么多人參與。故選A。
15．A.merely B．apparently
C．especially D．willingly
答案：D
解析：merely 僅僅；apparently 顯然；especially 尤其；willingly 愿意地；樂意地。根據下文“the world will be a better place”可知，如果人們都心甘情愿地參與到給予他人善意的行動中來，世界就會變得更加美好。故選D。
Ⅱ　閱讀
I met a beautiful soul yesterday. I went to work with my computer to a local cafe so that I could have dinner there. It was raining a bit this time and also I was among people. Sometimes when you work from home all day this is in itself a treat. And the magic of connection sometimes happens—a smile, someone offering you the newspaper, a short
conversation with the staff, a peace dove flying past and lots of possibilities for love and kindness.
Well, magic did happen. I heard a man who was speaking with difficulty and very loud. I noticed he could not speak so clearly and he had some kind of impairment (缺陷). As often happened, people looked at him—or avoided doing so—and then—as if embarrassed or afraid—looked down. In these cases I try to do the opposite. I imagined a person in these circumstances would want to feel included.
So I decided to deliberately look at him and smile. It was an instant! He looked at me, smiled and immediately said hello. With a combination of spoken and body language he asked if he could approach me. I agreed. He introduced me to his friend who taught sign language online and explained that they were both deaf, after which he even told me about his wife and how he loved teaching. I apologized for not knowing sign language and hoped I'd learnt. We still managed to have a beautiful conversation which made us all very happy. I'm sure we'll meet again to experience the magic of being and being with others.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是在咖啡館里，作者的體貼和善解人意產生了神奇的效果，讓作者與一位有聽力障礙的人有了一次美好的交流。
1．Why did the author go to the cafe yesterday
A．To find someone beautiful.
B．To work and eat something.
C．To ask for a latest newspaper.
D．To have a short talk with others.
答案：B
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“I went to work with my computer to a local cafe so that I could have dinner there.(我帶著電腦去當地的一家咖啡館工作，這樣我就可以在那里吃晚飯了。)”可知，作者去咖啡館是為了工作和吃飯。故選B。
2．How did the author react to the man with speaking difficulty
A．He pretended not to see him.
B．He had a joke with him.
C．He looked and smiled at him.
D．He laughed at him like others.
答案：C
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“So I decided to deliberately look at him and smile.(所以我決定故意看著他并微笑。)”可知，作者對這位有語言障礙的男士作出的反應是看著他并給他一個微笑。故選C。
3．What's the most important to a disabled person
A．Being treated in a normal way.
B．Accepting help from people around.
C．Avoiding the embarrassments in life.
D．Having a friend in the same situation.
答案：A
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“In these cases I try to do the opposite ... want to feel included.(在這些情況下，我試圖做相反的事情。我想在這種情況下，一個人會想要被包容。)”可推知，作者認為對于有某種缺陷的人來說，讓他們像正常人一樣融入生活才是最重要的。故選A。
4．What could be the best title for the text
A．A Special Cafe
B．A Broken Heart
C．Power of Sign Language
D．Magic at the Cafe
答案：D
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據第一段中的“And the magic of connection ... for love and kindness.”以及最后一段中的“I'm sure we'll ... magic of being and being with others.”可知，本文講述的是作者的一個微笑善舉如同魔力一般，讓作者與一位有聽力障礙的人有了一次美好的交流，因此，D項(咖啡館里的魔力)最適合作為文章標題。故選D。
Ⅲ　語法填空
According to a study published in the UK recently, those __1__ like jogging and do this kind of exercise __2__ (regular) for at least one hour a week have very high chances to live a longer life. The study's Danish researchers __3__ (convince) that choosing this kind of physical activity can bring us a priceless reward, which is 5 to 6 more years of life! Moreover, __4__ (achieve) better results, the researchers suggest __5__ (limit) yourself to gentle jogging rather than fast－pace and tiring distance running. The scientists found that jogging __6__ (benefit) are maximized when done at an average or even slow－pace exercising, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to achieve success, regardless of your age or health condition.
The scientists analyzed __7__ data on about 20，000 people __8__ (age) between 20 and 93, collected for over 35 years by the Copenhagen City Heart Study. According to Dr Peter Schnohr, the leader researcher, it was found that jogging is related __9__ as much as a 44 percent __10__ (low) risk of death. The life expectancy increase in men is as much as 6.2 years, and for women it is as much as 5.6 years.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關于慢跑的研究結果，強調定期慢跑對延長生命的積極影響。
1．答案：who
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞those為指人的不定代詞，應用who引導。故填who。
2．答案：regularly
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞修飾動詞do。故填regularly。
3．答案：are convinced
解析：考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。此處陳述一般情況，應用一般現在時；convince與主語researchers之間是被動關系，且主語是復數。故填are convinced。
4．答案：to achieve
解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填to achieve。
5．答案：limiting
解析：考查非謂語動詞。suggest doing sth “建議做某事”，此處應用動名詞作賓語。故填limiting。
6．答案：benefits
解析：考查名詞。此處應用名詞作主語，根據謂語動詞are maximized可知，此處應用名詞復數。故填benefits。
7．答案：the
解析：考查冠詞。根據下文“on about 20，000 people __8__ (age) between 20 and 93”可知，此處應用定冠詞the表示特指。故填the。
8．答案：aged
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用形容詞，修飾名詞people，作后置定語，aged意為“……歲的”。故填aged。
9．答案：to
解析：考查介詞。be related to “與……有關”，為固定搭配。故填to。
10．答案：lower
解析：考查形容詞的比較級。句中隱含比較含義，即與沒有慢跑的情況相比較，慢跑可以降低44%的死亡風險，應用形容詞的比較級。故填lower。
　精深閱讀　
Your__action__can__speak__louder__than__your__words. It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures. However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.
In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”， while in some parts of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”．
Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad manners to do so. Also putting your clasped hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship.
In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger in a circle, and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.”
It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something.
Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that can not be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些手勢在不同國家所代表的不同含義。
1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean
A．What you do is better than what you say.
B．You try your best to be polite.
C．You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.
D．What you say is better than what you do.
答案：C
解析：句意理解題。根據第一段中的“It is important ... by using gestures.(當你在另一個國家時，掌握另一種語言以及如何不用語言交流是很重要的。在說話之前，人們用手勢進行交流。)”可推知，畫線句意為：手勢比語言更能讓人理解你。故選C。
2．You'd better not put the thumb up in ________．
A．Greece B．the USA
C．England D．China
答案：A
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Today in the USA ... do so.(現在在美國，當某人豎起大拇指時，意思是‘一切都很好。’然而，在希臘，這樣做是不禮貌的。)”可知，你最好不要在希臘豎大拇指。故選A。
3．Which of the following is mentioned
A．Putting your clasped hands up above the head means friendship in Greece.
B．You can express “You are worth nothing” by putting your thumb up in France.
C．Making eye communication is not important in a talk.
D．Weather, sports, food and work are the topics that can be talked.
答案：D
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段最后一句“You can ... news of the day.”可知，你可以談論天氣、工作、運動、食物、住所和當天的新聞。故選D。
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．meaning(第一段)
meaning n. 意思；含義→mean v. 意思是→meaningful adj. 有意義的
2．hold up(第四段)
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.
然而，在世界的不同地方，許多手勢有不同的含義，或者根本沒有含義。
35(共134張PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
UNIT 4　BODY LANGUAGE
Section Ⅰ 　Reading and Thinking
課前預習　效果檢測
合作探究　精研重點
目錄
CONTENTS
1
2
學習效果　當堂鞏固
3
課后課時作業（一）
４
課后課時作業（二）
５
課前預習　效果檢測
一　閱讀單詞(4個)
寫出英語單詞
1．________ vi. 鞠躬；點頭　vt. 低(頭)　n. 弓；蝴蝶結
2．________ n. 腰；腰部
3．________ n. 隔閡；障礙
4．________ adj. 假裝的；假的；冒充的
bow
waist
barrier
fake
二　核心單詞(8個)
A．寫出英語單詞
1．________ vi. (根據情況)變化；改變
2．____________ adj. 合適的；恰當的
3．________ vi. 贊成；同意　vt. 批準；通過
4．________ n. 手勢；姿勢；姿態
5．________ vt. 當場看到；目擊；見證　n. 目擊者；證人
6．__________ adj. 相同的
7．________ vi. 相異；不同于
8．________ vt. 較喜歡；選擇；有利于　n. 幫助；恩惠；贊同
vary
appropriate
approve
gesture
witness
identical
differ
favour
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(牛津高階)I don't __________ of violence in any shape or form.
2．(牛津高階)Ideas on childcare may ________ considerably between the parents.
3．(牛津高階)Her dress is almost __________ to mine.
4．(柯林斯詞典)Prices ________ according to the quantity ordered.
approve
differ
identical
vary
三　拓展單詞(6個)
A．寫出英語單詞，并嘗試寫出其詞性轉換(可查字典)
1．________ v. 交流；相互影響→____________ n. 交流；相互影響
2．________ vt. 表現；表達；說明；證明→___________ n. 證明；說明；證實
3．________ vt. 使用；應用；雇用→_____________ n. 職業；工作；使用→__________ n. 雇主→__________ n. 雇員；受雇者
4．________ vt. 把……理解(解釋)為　vi.& vt. 口譯→__________ n. 口譯譯員
5．________ n. 憤怒；怒氣　vt. 使生氣；激怒→________ adj. 發怒的；生氣的→________ adv. 憤怒地；生氣地
6．________ adj. 可靠的；可信賴的→________ v. 依靠；依賴
interact
interaction
demonstrate
demonstration
employ
employment
employer
employee
interpret
interpreter
anger
angry
angrily
reliable
rely
B．用上面的單詞填空，使句意完整
1．(中國日報)As we approach another Children's Day, let's review some memorable moments from Xi's ___________ with children.
2．(牛津高階)He was filled with ________ at the way he had been treated.
3．(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to ____________ the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject.
4．(牛津高階)The police had to ________ force to enter the building.
5．(牛津高階)How ________ are the local weather forecasts
6．(柯林斯詞典)The whole speech might well _____________ as a coded message to the Americans.
interactions
anger
demonstrate
employ
reliable
be interpreted
四　熟詞生義(1個)
A．翻譯
1．(柯林斯詞典)The mirror clouded beside her cheek.
____________________________________________________________________
2．(劍橋高階)He's always getting into trouble for cheeking his teachers.
____________________________________________________________________
B．寫出下面單詞的熟義/生義
cheek (教材P38)
熟義　n. ________________
生義　vt. ________________
緊貼她臉頰的鏡子起了霧。
他總是因為對老師無禮而惹上麻煩。
面頰；臉頰
對……無禮
五　重點短語(4個)
A．寫出英語短語
1．____________ 相比之下
2．____________ (與……)相比較
3．_________________ 推理；推斷
4．____________ 消除；分解；打破
by contrast
by comparison
make inferences
break down
B．用上面的短語填空，使句意完整
1．(柯林斯詞典)His early experience enabled him to ____________ barriers between Scottish Catholics and Protestants.
2．(劍橋高階)Their economy has expanded enormously, while ours, __________， has declined.
3．(牛津高階)The second half of the game was dull ____________ with the first.
4．(中國日報)Sometimes, we might not be able to get to the bottom of the question even after very long periods of research, and we can only _________________ based on available information.
break down
by contrast
by comparison
make inferences
合作探究　精研重點
1 vary vi. (根據情況)變化；改變(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.
班級的數目從25到30不等。
②(中國日報)The level and standard can vary from village to village, with the focus of ensuring basic needs and solving key problems, the official said.
這位官員說，每個村莊的水平和標準都不同，重點是確保基本需求和解決關鍵問題。
③(劍橋高階)The samples varied in quality but were generally acceptable.
這些樣品質量不一致，但大體可以接受。
④(牛津高階)The menu varies with the season.
菜單隨季節而變動。
⑤(劍橋高階)Various people whom we weren't expecting turned up at the meeting.
各種各樣我們意想不到的人出現在了會議上。
⑥(2023·新課標Ⅰ卷)We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (剎車), bikes with hand brake and gears (排擋), bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.
我們提供各種各樣的最新的自行車，包括基本的帶有腳剎的自行車，帶有手剎和排擋的自行車，帶有兒童座椅的自行車和兒童自行車。
【運用】單句語法填空
①When preparing meals, you need to think about ________ (vary) and taste as well as nutritional value.
②Tastes and preferences vary ________ individual to individual.
③There are ________ (vary) treatments available for this condition.
【輸出】翻譯
④The flowers that vary in colour and size appeal to a large number of bees.
__________________________________________________________________
⑤這些電線的長度在30厘米到45厘米之間。
__________________________________________________________________
variety
from
various
這些顏色和大小各異的花吸引了大量的蜜蜂。
The lengths of these wires vary between 30 cm and 45 cm.
2 appropriate adj. 合適的；恰當的(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(朗文當代)It would not be appropriate for me to discuss that now.
我現在不適合討論那件事。
②(朗文當代)It seemed somehow appropriate that we should begin our journey here.
從這里開始我們的旅程似乎很合適。
③(劍橋高階)She didn't think we were appropriately dressed for a wedding.
她覺得我們的穿著不適合參加婚禮。
【運用】單句語法填空
①We can respond _____________ (appropriate) by giving them what they want.
②It is appropriate that we____________ (have) a special day for you.
【輸出】翻譯
③I don't think it's appropriate to make adjustments to the plan now.
__________________________________________________________________
appropriately
(should) have
我認為現在調整計劃是不合適的。
3 approve vi. 贊成；同意　vt. 批準；通過(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(劍橋高階)I thoroughly approve of what the government is doing.
我完全贊成政府的做法。
②(牛津高階)He doesn't approve of my leaving school this year.
他不贊成我今年離校。
③(柯林斯詞典)The city fathers have just given final approval to a new stadium.
市政府官員們剛才已對新體育場的承建工作做了最終批準。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Sam always tried hard to win his father's __________ (approve)．
②She didn't approve ________ their choice of reading matter.
【輸出】翻譯
③總統已經批準了這個計劃。
__________________________________________________________________
approval
of
The president has already given his approval to the plan.
4 employ vt. 使用；應用；雇用(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(牛津高階)For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.
三年來他一直受雇當消防員。
②(2023·全國甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
卡森證明了一種簡單的已經流傳了多年的文學形式至今仍可以用來引起人們對重要真理的關注。
③(牛津高階)She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
她正忙著把要做的所有工作列一個清單。
④(柯林斯詞典)He regularly drove from his home to his place of employment.
他經常開車從家到工作地點。
【運用】單句語法填空
①She has been employed _______ preparing for the press conference all morning.
②We employed an architect ________ (design) our summer house.
③The company started out with 20 ___________ (employ).
【輸出】翻譯
④It's reported that the employer employed thousands of employees and increased the employment rate of the city.
__________________________________________________________________
⑤工廠決定聘請這位退休教授為顧問。
__________________________________________________________________
in
to design
employees
據報道，該雇主雇用了數千名雇員，提高了該市的就業率。
The factory determined to employ the retired professor as an adviser.
5 differ vi. 相異；不同于(教材P38)
歸納
助記
①(劍橋高階)The twins look alike, but they differ in temperament.
這對雙胞胎長得很像，但他們的性情不同。
②(劍橋高階)The story he told police differed from the one he told his mother.
他告訴警察的故事和他告訴他母親的不一樣。
③(牛津高階)I have to differ with you on that.
在那一點上我不能同意你的看法。
④(牛津高階)Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not.
你能否得到這工作應該與你的年齡無關。
【運用】單句語法填空
①American English is significantly ________ (differ) from British English.
②Since his retirement, Crowe has differed ______ the President on several issues.
③She believed that such an experience would make a big difference ________ her boy's life.
【輸出】翻譯
④Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.
__________________________________________________________________
⑤他堅持認為這兩個詞的意思不同。
__________________________________________________________________
different
with
to/in
世界上的萬物是千差萬別的。
He insisted the two words differed in meaning.
6 favo(u)r vt. 較喜歡；選擇；有利于　n. 幫助；恩惠；贊同(教材P38)
歸納
①(劍橋高階)In the survey, a majority of people favoured higher taxes and better public services over tax cuts.
在調查中，大多數人支持更高的稅收和更好的公共服務，而不是減稅。
②(柯林斯詞典)I've come to ask you to do me a favour.
我是來請你幫我一個忙的。
③(中國日報)So they're pretty clear; unless the science can absolutely reassure everybody that it's totally safe to come down to five days, they're not in favour of that.
所以他們很清楚，除非科學能絕對保證每個人把時間縮短到5天是完全安全的，否則他們是不會贊成的。
④(2023·全國甲卷)Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.
把你最喜歡的節目推遲到周末再看，或者多等10分鐘再去吃蛋糕。
⑤(牛津高階)The terms of the agreement are favourable to both sides.
協議條款對雙方都有利。
【運用】單句語法填空
①I feel a bit uneasy about asking her to do me such ________ big favour.
②My mother was against my idea while my father was ________ favour of it.
③It was, and still is, my _____________ (favour) movie.
【輸出】翻譯
④She was willing to bend the rules in Mary's favour.
__________________________________________________________________
⑤對某個孩子有偏愛是不對的。
__________________________________________________________________
a
in
favo(u)rite
她愿意放寬規定以有利于瑪麗。
It isn't right to favo(u)r one child over the other.
1 by contrast 相比之下(教材P38)
歸納
①(中國日報)By contrast, the highest－income families faced a significantly reduced inflation rate of 6.6 percent.
相比之下，收入最高的家庭面臨的通貨膨脹率明顯降低了6.6%。
②(2023·新課標Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information
　we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off line” activity.
在我們日益網絡化的生活中，我們消費的信息被監控和跟蹤，與之相比，印刷書籍仍然提供了一個完全私人的、“離線”活動的機會。
③(牛津高階)She contrasted the situation then with the present crisis.
她將過去的情況與現在的危機進行了對比。
④(劍橋高階)The sharpness of the lemons contrasts with the sweetness of the honey.
檸檬的澀味與蜂蜜的甜味形成鮮明對比。
【運用】單句語法填空
①________ contrast to the previous year the situation is much better now.
②In another passage, Melville again contrasts the land ________ the sea.
【輸出】翻譯
③The snow was icy and white, contrasting with the brilliant blue sky.
____________________________________________________________________
④相比之下，她姐姐比她勤奮得多。
____________________________________________________________________
In
with
雪是冰冷的、白色的，與明亮的藍天形成對比。
By/In contrast, her sister is more diligent than her.
2 break down 消除；分解；打破(教材P39)
歸納
①(柯林斯詞典)She made numerous efforts to break down colour lines in public places.
她為打破公共場所的種族界限做出過許多努力。
②(牛津高階)The girl broke into a trot and disappeared around the corner.
那姑娘突然小步跑了起來，拐過街角不見了。
③(牛津高階)She broke off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.
她掰了一塊巧克力給我。
④(朗文當代)He's a very talented young actor who's just ready to break through.
他是個很有才華的年輕演員，正準備有所突破。
⑤(柯林斯詞典)I broke away from him and rushed out into the hall.
我掙脫了他，沖進了大廳。
【運用】用break的相關短語填空
①They had escaped to Europe shortly before the war ____________ in 1939.
②They hope to ____________ soon in their fight against the disease.
③There was no one nearby who might see him trying to ____________ the house.
【輸出】翻譯
④This would help break down the barriers between the young and the old.
____________________________________________________________________
⑤他去年與公司脫離了關系。
____________________________________________________________________
broke out
break through
break into
這將有助于消除年輕人與老年人之間的隔閡。
He broke away from the company last year.
[教材原句P38]In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
相反，在另一些國家，眼神交流并不總是被認可。
剖析 該句是表示部分否定的句型。not always意為“并不總是……”。
歸納
①(牛津高階)We're not always this busy!
我們并不總是這么忙！
②(2023·浙江高考1月)Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.
如果你想過一種更可持續的生活方式，很可能并不是你周圍的每個人都能準備好加入。
③(朗文當代)I knocked on the door but nobody answered.
我敲了敲門，但沒人應門。
④(柯林斯詞典)Food shortages are no longer a problem.
糧食短缺不再是個問題。
【運用】單句語法填空
①Money is ________ everything, but without money one can go hardly anywhere.
②________ all doctors are skilled in helping their patients make choices.
③None ________ them could afford ￡50 for a ticket.
【輸出】翻譯
④Not everyone approves of celebrating the festival.
____________________________________________________________________
⑤生活并不總是一帆風順，但在路上我們總能得到別人的幫助。
____________________________________________________________________
not
Not
of
不是每個人都贊成慶祝這個節日。
Life is not always smooth, but on the way we can always get help from others.
LISTENING TO HOW BODIES TALK
傾聽身體如何說話
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
在與他人交流時，我們用語言和肢體語言來表達我們的想法和觀點。
We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language.
通過觀察肢體語言，我們能夠更多地了解人們的想法。
Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
語言是重要的，但是人們站著、雙臂抱胸和揮手的方式也能向我們傳達他們的感受。
難句分析
①本句是but連接的_________。people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands是定語從句，修飾先行詞the way，定語從句前省略了關系詞______________。
并列句
that/in which
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.
就像口語一樣，肢體語言也因文化而異。
The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.
最重要的是要以一種適合你所在文化的方式使用肢體語言。
For example, making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest.
例如，眼神交流——直視某人的眼睛——在一些國家是一種表示感興趣的方式。
In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
相反，在另一些國家，眼神交流并不總是被認可。
For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact.
例如，在許多中東國家，不允許男女在社交場合進行眼神交流。
In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
在日本，當和年長的人說話時，低頭則是對長輩表示尊重。
難句分析
②it是__________；動詞不定式短語to look down是____________；when talking to an older person是___________從句的省略，補充完整為：when you are talking to an older person。
形式主語
真正的主語
時間狀語
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures.
“OK”這個手勢在不同的文化中有不同的含義。
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本，看到別人做這個手勢的人可能會以為這表示“錢”。
In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero.
在法國，面對同樣的手勢，人們可能會將其解讀為“零”。
However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
然而，在巴西和德國，你應該避免做這個手勢，因為這被認為是不禮貌的。
難句分析
③avoid后跟動名詞作________，as引導___________從句。
賓語
原因狀語
Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world.
甚至我們說“是”和“不是”的姿勢也因地而異。
In many countries, shaking one's head means “no”， and nodding means “yes”．
在許多國家，搖頭表示“不”，點頭表示“是”。
By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.
相比之下，在保加利亞和南阿爾巴尼亞，手勢的含義正好相反。
There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.
我們如何相互接觸，與談話的人站得有多近，以及我們見面或分手時如何表現，這些方面也存在差異。
In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet.
在法國和俄羅斯等國家，人們在和朋友見面時可能會親吻對方的臉頰。
Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
在其他地方，人們見面時喜歡握手、鞠躬或點頭。
難句分析
④本句是There be句型，為______結構；其中how we ..., how close we ...和how we ...是三個how引導的賓語從句，作介詞in的賓語；we are talking to是省略了關系詞that的________從句，修飾先行詞someone；when引導___________從句。
倒裝
定語
時間狀語
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere.
有些手勢似乎在任何地方都有相同的含義。
Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”．
雙手合攏放在頭的一側，同時閉上眼睛表示“睡覺”。
A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.
飯后表示“我吃飽了”的一個好方法是把手掌放在肚子上劃幾圈。
難句分析
⑤placing ... 和resting ... 是兩個并列的動名詞短語作______，表示一個完整的動作，所以謂語動詞用單數形式means；while closing your eyes是__________從句的省略，補充完整為：while you are closing your eyes。
主語
時間狀語
Some body language has many different uses.
有的肢體語言有許多不同的用途。
Perhaps the best example is smiling.
微笑也許就是最好的例子。
A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
微笑可以幫助我們熬過困難，在一個滿是陌生人的世界里找到朋友。
A smile can break down barriers.
微笑可以打破障礙。
We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation.
我們可以用微笑去道歉，去問候別人，去請求幫助，或者開始一段對話。
Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
專家建議對著鏡子微笑，這樣可以讓自己更快樂、更堅強。
And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我們感到沮喪或孤獨，沒有什么是比看到好朋友的笑臉更治愈的事情了。
難句分析
⑥if引導___________從句，主句中nothing better than是“否定詞＋比較級＋than”結構，表示_________含義，表示“沒有比……更……的了”。
條件狀語
最高級
學習效果　當堂鞏固
Ⅰ.根據語境及首字母提示完成句子
1．She fastened the belt loosely around her w________．
2．It was terrified, but we knew it was f________．
3．And his c________ were like roses in the snow.
4．Lack of confidence is a psychological b________ to success.
5．They didn't receive any special f________ from the state.
aist
ake
heeks
arrier
avo(u)rs
6．Police asked passers－by if they had w________ the accident.
7．As we all know, an arrow won't do without a b________．
8．Let me d____________ to you some of the difficulties we are facing.
9．He made a friendly g________ at the driver of the other car.
10．I didn't know whether to i________her silence as acceptance or refusal.
itnessed
ow
emonstrate
esture
nterpret
Ⅱ.單句語法填空
1．When I saw the boys throwing stones at the dog, I was filled with ________ (angry)．
2．The more __________ (interact) the robot has with humans, the more it learns.
3．There is nothing better ________ going to college for the first time and having all of this freedom for yourself.
4．The exact information comes from a(n) ________ (rely) source.
5．Most of the newcomers are employed ________ developing the technology into a product.
anger
interaction
than
reliable
in
6．His actions contrast sharply ________ his promises.
7．Many people choose to shop on the Internet, as it offers a ________ (vary) of goods.
8．There was great applause when the actors took ________ bow.
9．It takes a long time to break ________ prejudices, but we have to keep trying.
10．Not both ________ the instruments are precise ones.
with
variety
a
down
of
make inferences; by contrast; appropriate; by comparison; identical
Ⅲ.選詞填空
1．Ask your doctor whether these treatments are ____________ for you.
2．You look ____________ to your mother when she was your age.
3．We can only tell good from bad ________________.
4．It's impossible to _______________ from such a small sample.
5．I am not good at expressing myself. ____________， I am better at thinking indeed.
appropriate
identical
by comparison
make inferences
By contrast
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．我媽媽不同意我放棄目前的工作。
My mother didn’t ________________ my giving up the current job.
2．在這個問題上，每個人的觀點大不一樣。
Opinions on this matter ______________________________．
approve of
vary greatly from person to person
3．船長很同情他，把他雇用為船上的廚師。
The captain felt sorry for him and ____________________ the ship's cook.
4．在那個問題上，他和他父親的看法有分歧。
He ____________ his father about the question.
5．我舉雙手贊成校園內禁止吸煙。
I raise both hands ________________ banning smoking inside the schoolyard.
employed him as/to be
differed with
in favour of
課后課時作業（一）
較易題(占比0%)　中檔題(占比100%)　拔高題(占比0%)
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ
A B 難度 ★★ ★★ ★★
Ⅰ　閱讀
A
For as long as human have lived on the earth, they have made use of all kinds of different ways of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of spoken language. When there is a spoken language problem, communication can be carried out through sign language, in which gestures stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and people unable to hear or speak have often had to turn to this form of expression. When gestures describe words or ideas, they can be used internationally. When used for spelling words however, where each gesture stands for a single letter, people must share the same written language.
Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either meaningfully or not. A wink (眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking. A nod means agreement, while shaking the head means disagreement.
Other forms of language can be found in Braille (a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide and warn people. While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了自從在地球上生活以來，人類就開始用各種各樣的方式進行交流。
1．Which of the following ways can NOT be used as a form of communication
A．Gestures.
B．Road maps.
C．Smoke signals.
D．Thoughts and feelings.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“When there ... and ideas.(當口語出現問題時，交流可以通過手語進行，在手語中，手勢代表字母、單詞和想法。)”以及最后一段中的“Other forms ... warn people.(其他形式的語言可以在盲文(盲人用指尖閱讀凸起點的閱讀系統)、信號旗、莫爾斯電碼和煙霧信號中找到。道路地圖和圖片標志也指導和警告人們。)”可知，手勢、路線圖和煙霧信號都是交流方式。故選D。
2．To show you are joking you may ________．
A．give a “V” gesture with your fingers
B．give a wink
C．shake your head
D．give a nod
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“A wink (眨眼) can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.(眨眼可以表示這個人只是在開玩笑。)”可知，如果想表示自己在開玩笑，就眨眨眼。故選B。
3．The reading system “Braille” may be most used by ________．
A．tourists
B．soldiers
C．people unable to see
D．people unable to hear
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段中的“Braille (a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind)(盲文(盲人用指尖閱讀凸起點的閱讀系統))”可知，盲文經常被盲人所使用。故選C。
4．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________．
A．language is being less used today
B．not everyone can read picture signs
C．the forms of communication are developing
D．techniques will take the place of language
解析：推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“While language ... and feelings.(雖然語言是最常見的交流形式，但其他系統和技巧也能表達人類的思想和情感。)”可推知，人類交流的形式在不斷地發展著。故選C。
B
Sign language is the main way deaf people communicate. Since they can't hear, talking to people can be tough. Fortunately, sign language interpreters step in to bridge this gap.
Hao Shuxin, 24, sees sign language as her first language, as her parents are deaf. “I pick up sign language before I could even talk，” she recalled. From a young age, Hao has been helping her parents and other deaf individuals communicate. In 2018, she became a sign language interpreter at a law company in Chongqing, assisting deaf clients in legal matters.
Since sign language has a smaller vocabulary, Hao often encounters complex legal terms that have no direct match. In such cases, she patiently breaks down the meaning for deaf people. There are also grammatical differences between Chinese and sign language. “For example, the phrase ‘put out a fire’ is signed as ‘a fire put out’ in sign language, as deaf people describe what they see first，” Hao explained.
Besides hand gestures, facial expressions and mouth movements are essential components of sign language. They work together to accurately communicate messages and prevent misunderstandings. To ensure clarity in legal interpretations, Hao sometimes repeats a sentence two or three times for deaf individual. “I feel stressed at work because I worry about being misunderstood，” she admitted.
Part of Hao's anxiety comes from the fact that sign language has regional “dialects”. The same word can be expressed with different hand gestures depending on where a deaf person is from. “For example, people in Inner Mongolia and Chongqing use different gestures for the word ‘true’，” Hao explained. She believes that patience and compassion (同情) are essential to her work. “My parents are deaf, so I understand the challenges faced by the deaf community. I want to do everything I can to help them，” Hao said.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了郝舒欣的手語翻譯經歷，她從小掌握手語，現幫助聾啞人溝通并解決法律問題，體現了手語翻譯的意義和挑戰。
5．What can be learned about Hao Shuxin
A．She wants to learn more sign language dialects.
B．She hopes to be a successful lawyer in Chongqing.
C．She learned sign language when she was very small.
D．She communicates with others mainly by sign language.
解析：細節理解題。根據第二段中的“I pick up sign language before I could even talk”可知，郝舒欣在很小的時候就學會了手語。故選C。
6．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A．The vocabulary of sign language is very large.
B．Sign language and Chinese have many similarities.
C．It is not easy to express legal terms in sign language.
D．It is hard for deaf people to understand the sign language.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“Since sign language ... have no direct match.(由于手語的詞匯量較小，郝舒欣經常遇到沒有直接匹配的復雜法律術語。)”可推知，用手語表達法律術語并不容易。故選C。
7．What does the underlined word “clarity” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Clearness.
B．Awareness.
C．Kindness.
D．Gentleness.
解析：詞義猜測題。根據第四段中的“Hao sometimes repeats ... she admitted”可知，郝舒欣有時會為聾啞人重復一句話兩到三次，她擔心被誤解，這樣做是想確保法律解釋的清晰性。由此可知，畫線詞clarity意為“清晰性”。故選A。
8．What is the best title of the text
A．Sign language is the first language of the deaf
B．A sign language interpreter guards the silent world
C．Sign language plays an important role in the legal field
D．A sign language interpreter significantly changes other people's life
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章從郝舒欣的視角描述了手語翻譯的工作內容、挑戰和意義，突出了她幫助聾啞人融入社會的努力，展現了她對無聲世界的守護。B項(手語翻譯守護無聲的世界)最適合作為文章標題。故選B。
Ⅱ　七選五
Using body language will make people more likely to be influenced by you. But they will only be persuaded (說服) if they also trust you. So it's equally important to use your body language in a way that makes people feel connected. __1__
Start with a smile
It sounds so simple, but a smile is powerful for you to connect with other people. Big smiles make people think you are warm and confident. People are always more willing to listen to your point of view if they like you. __2__
Nod your head
If you want people to say “yes” to you, get them nodding in agreement even before you ask a question. If you nod at people, they will feel the urge (強烈的欲望) to do it back. Start by nodding when they talk, as if you're agreeing with their statements (說法). __3__ When they are already nodding, they are much more likely to start agreeing with you.
Stand up
If you are standing up while other people you are talking to are sitting, you will gain the upper hand at once. __4__ It is important not to stand over them, or to lean in so much that they feel uncomfortable.
Lean in
__5__ If other people lean or step back, you have certainly shown that you are in control. If you want to be someone who has influence and persuasion, you need people to like you, not to be scared of you.
A．Make sure you don't stay too close to them.
B．Remember you must take control of others.
C．The gesture of leaning in is necessary in talks.
D．Here's how to use your body language effectively.
E．A smile is the first step in building a good relationship.
F．Standing above them makes them feel that you are more powerful.
G．Then, when you're making your own statements, watch their reactions.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了有效使用肢體語言的方法。
1．答案：D
2．答案：E
解析：上文提到以合適的方式使用肢體語言是重要的，且下文從四個方面介紹了使用肢體語言時的注意事項。D項(以下是如何有效地使用肢體語言的方法。)承上啟下。故選D。
解析：上文“It sounds so simple, but a smile is powerful for you to connect with other people.”提到微笑有助于與其他人交流，E項(微笑是建立良好關系的第一步。)總結上文。故選E。
3．答案：G
4．答案：F
解析：上文提到當別人說話時，點頭意味著你同意他們的說法，G項(然后，當你發表自己的言論時，觀察他們的反應。)承接上文。故選G。
解析：上文“If you are standing up ... gain the upper hand at once.”提到交談時站著的好處，F項(站著比他們高會讓他們覺得你更強大。)繼續說明站著的益處。故選F。
解析：下文“If other people lean or step back, you have certainly shown that you are in control.”提到他們傾斜或者后退表明你在控制局面，A項(確保不要離他們太近。)引出下文。故選A。
5．答案：A
Why should we learn body language
In English classes, we spend a large amount of time studying grammar and learning new words. We work hard to improve our reading and listening skills. Few of us, however, pay enough attention to body language. So body language is not important, is it
The answer is “No！” Sometimes, we can communicate with others even without a single word. For example, shrugging our shoulders (聳肩), and without a word, we've just said, “I don't know.”
精深閱讀
Body language can help us stress what we are saying. It can help us express our true, inner feelings. Moreover, body language can help us find out if someone is lying. Often, people who are lying do not make eye contact. They may raise their shoulders because they are uncomfortable with the conversation.
In job interviews, the interviewers can sometimes judge the interviewee before he or she speaks. Body language is important in our personal life, too. It can show if you really care about your friends. Leaning (前傾) forward in the conversation, for example, means you are interested in what is being said. Listening without making eye contact means you are not paying attention but are waiting for your turn to speak.
Scientists have been studying body language for a long time. They say more than 70 percent of our messages are given through body language. Sometimes, body language is more accurate (精準的) than the words we use.
So it is very important for us to learn body language. By understanding body language, we are less likely to be misunderstood. We will find it easier to get a job. We will also have lasting friendships.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了學習和理解肢體語言的重要性。
1．According to the first paragraph, in English classes, which of the following things is not mentioned
A．Studying grammar.
B．Learning new words.
C．Improving reading skills.
D．Practising using body language.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“In English classes ... to body language.”可知，在英語課上，我們學習語法、新單詞以及努力提高閱讀技能，并未提及練習使用肢體語言。故選D。
2．According to the passage, what may people who are lying do
A．Lean forward.
B．Make eye contact.
C．Raise their shoulders.
D．Shrug their shoulders.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Often, people who ... with the conversation.”可知，撒謊的人可能會抬起肩膀，因為他們對談話感到不舒服。故選C。
3．By writing this passage, what does the writer mainly want to do
A．To teach readers to understand body language.
B．To tell readers the importance of learning body language.
C．To show readers how to find out if someone is lying.
D．To help readers improve their English reading and listening skills.
解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其根據最后一段(因此，學習肢體語言對我們來說非常重要。通過理解肢體語言，我們不太可能被誤解。我們會發現找工作更容易。我們也將擁有持久的友誼。)可推知，作者主要是想告訴讀者學習肢體語言的重要性。故選B。
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．a large amount of(第一段)
名詞的數
quantity的形式
a large number of
a great deal of
2．find out(第三段)
查明，發現；了解
解決；計算出；鍛煉
想出；計算出；理解
試驗，試用
遺漏；省略
挑選出，辨別出
辨認出；理解
3．interview(第四段)
interview n. ___________________　v. ___________________________________ →interviewer n. _______________________→interviewee n. _____________________
面試，面談；訪談
對(某人)進行面試(或面談)；接受面試
面試官，采訪者，接見者
參加面試者；接受采訪者
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
shrugging shoulders
stress
judge
more than 70 percent of
lasting friendships
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
Leaning (前傾) forward in the conversation, for example, means you are interested in what is being said.
____________________________________________________________________
例如，在交談中身體前傾意味著你對正在說的內容感興趣。
課后課時作業（二）
較易題(占比0%)　中檔題(占比100%)　拔高題(占比0%)
Ⅰ　完形填空
You never know how far a kind act can go. You don't know who it can __1__， either. When Gloria Porter and Jeff Reick began __2__， they had no idea how much it would __3__ others to shower (大量給予) people with kindness.
題號 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ
難度 ★★ ★★ ★★
89－year－old Gloria Porter was lying in hospital. She couldn't leave her ward. So to __4__ boredom, she would often stare outside her window to watch construction workers building the new front entrance to the hospital. She wasn't expecting one of the __5__ to wave to her. She couldn't help but wave back at the kind __6__. This was only the start of a special __7__ between the two.
When Porter saw construction workers working high above the ground one cold, windy day, she grew __8__. She wrote “Stay safe” on a piece of paper, which she then __9__ on the window for the workers to see. “When I saw ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper, I __10__ and said to my coworkers, ‘Did you see that？’” Reick said.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位老人和建筑工人之間通過手勢和簡單的文字互相關懷的溫暖故事。最終兩人互相關愛的故事也感染了很多人。
The hospital staff took photos of that and __11__ them on social media. The simple acts of kindness __12__ and many people were employed in similar acts, including one woman who delivered __13__ pizza to the construction workers.
“I just try to lead by example and never expect so much __14__，” Reick said, “if everybody __15__ does things like that, the world will be a better place.”
1．A.disturb B．employ
C．affect D．describe
2．A.communicating B．singing
C．arguing D．explaining
解析：disturb 打擾；employ 雇用；affect 影響；describe 描述。根據下文“many people were employed in similar acts”可知，很多人也做相似的善舉，所以此處指善意的行為影響其他人。故選C。
解析： communicate 交流；sing 唱歌；argue 爭吵；explain 解釋。根據下文“wave to her (向她揮手)”以及“She wrote ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper”可知，兩個人通過肢體語言和文字進行交流。故選A。
3．A.require B．warn
C．force D．encourage
4．A.make for B．put off
C．figure out D．escape from
解析： require 需要；warn 警告；force 強迫；encourage 鼓勵。根據下文可知，他們兩個人的行為影響了其他人，鼓勵了他們給予其他人善意。故選D。
解析： make for 走向；put off 推遲；figure out 弄清楚；escape from 從……逃跑。根據上文“She couldn't leave her ward.”可知，她不能離開她的病房，她盯著窗外，看建筑工人修建醫院的前門是為了打發無聊的時間，即逃避無聊。故選D。
5．A.workers B．nurses
C．doctors D．patients
6．A.job B．inspiration
C．gesture D．favor
解析：根據上文“construction workers”可知，此處指其中一個建筑工人向她招手。故選A。
解析：根據上文“wave to her”可知，這是一種手勢。故選C。
7．A.business B．connection
C．difference D．trouble
8．A.puzzled B．worried
C．thrilled D．annoyed
解析：上文提到他們互相揮手致意，根據下文“She wrote ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper”可知，他們又通過文字進行聯系，此處指一種特殊的聯系方式。故選B。
解析： puzzled 困惑的；worried 擔心的；thrilled 極為激動的；annoyed 惱怒的，生氣的。根據下文“She wrote ‘Stay safe’ on a piece of paper”可知，她擔心建筑工人的安全。故選B。
9．A.knocked B．installed
C．placed D．drew
10．A.came down B．broke down
C．showed up D．turned around
解析： knock 敲；install 安裝；place 放置；draw 畫。根據語境和常識可知，她把字條放在窗戶上。故選C。
解析： come down 下降；落下；break down 分解；發生故障；show up 出現；turn around 轉身。根據下文“said to my coworkers”可知，他們都在高空作業，Reick是轉身對工友說。故選D。
11．A.shared B．found
C．mentioned D．deleted
12．A.happened B．succeeded
C．spread D．formed
解析： share 分享；find 發現，找到；mention 提到；delete 刪除。根據下文“on social media”可知，照片被分享到社交媒體上。故選A。
解析： happen 發生；succeed 成功；spread 傳播；form 形成。根據下文“many people were employed in similar acts”可知，這個舉動在社交媒體上傳播開來，許多人效仿。故選C。
13．A.expensive B．free
C．ordinary D．cheap
14．A.participation B．satisfaction
C．solution D．introduction
解析：根據上文“many people were employed in similar acts”可知，許多人也開始做善意的舉動，此處是指送免費的比薩餅。故選B。
解析：participation 參加，參與；satisfaction 滿意；solution 解決方法；introduction 介紹。根據上文可知，很多人也做相似的善舉，Reick沒想到有這么多人參與。故選A。
15．A.merely
B．apparently
C．especially
D．willingly
解析：merely 僅僅；apparently 顯然；especially 尤其；willingly 愿意地；樂意地。根據下文“the world will be a better place”可知，如果人們都心甘情愿地參與到給予他人善意的行動中來，世界就會變得更加美好。故選D。
Ⅱ　閱讀
I met a beautiful soul yesterday. I went to work with my computer to a local cafe so that I could have dinner there. It was raining a bit this time and also I was among people. Sometimes when you work from home all day this is in itself a treat. And the magic of connection sometimes happens—a smile, someone offering you the newspaper, a short conversation with the staff, a peace dove flying past and lots of possibilities for love and kindness.
Well, magic did happen. I heard a man who was speaking with difficulty and very loud. I noticed he could not speak so clearly and he had some kind of impairment (缺陷). As often happened, people looked at him—or avoided doing so—and then—as if embarrassed or afraid—looked down. In these cases I try to do the opposite. I imagined a person in these circumstances would want to feel included.
So I decided to deliberately look at him and smile. It was an instant! He looked at me, smiled and immediately said hello. With a combination of spoken and body language he asked if he could approach me. I agreed. He introduced me to his friend who taught sign language online and explained that they were both deaf, after which he even told me about his wife and how he loved teaching. I apologized for not knowing sign language and hoped I'd learnt. We still managed to have a beautiful conversation which made us all very happy. I'm sure we'll meet again to experience the magic of being and being with others.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述的是在咖啡館里，作者的體貼和善解人意產生了神奇的效果，讓作者與一位有聽力障礙的人有了一次美好的交流。
1．Why did the author go to the cafe yesterday
A．To find someone beautiful.
B．To work and eat something.
C．To ask for a latest newspaper.
D．To have a short talk with others.
解析：細節理解題。根據第一段中的“I went to work with my computer to a local cafe so that I could have dinner there.(我帶著電腦去當地的一家咖啡館工作，這樣我就可以在那里吃晚飯了。)”可知，作者去咖啡館是為了工作和吃飯。故選B。
2．How did the author react to the man with speaking difficulty
A．He pretended not to see him.
B．He had a joke with him.
C．He looked and smiled at him.
D．He laughed at him like others.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“So I decided to deliberately look at him and smile.(所以我決定故意看著他并微笑。)”可知，作者對這位有語言障礙的男士作出的反應是看著他并給他一個微笑。故選C。
3．What's the most important to a disabled person
A．Being treated in a normal way.
B．Accepting help from people around.
C．Avoiding the embarrassments in life.
D．Having a friend in the same situation.
解析：推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“In these cases I try to do the opposite ... want to feel included.(在這些情況下，我試圖做相反的事情。我想在這種情況下，一個人會想要被包容。)”可推知，作者認為對于有某種缺陷的人來說，讓他們像正常人一樣融入生活才是最重要的。故選A。
4．What could be the best title for the text
A．A Special Cafe
B．A Broken Heart
C．Power of Sign Language
D．Magic at the Cafe
解析：標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據第一段中的“And the magic of connection ... for love and kindness.”以及最后一段中的“I'm sure we'll ... magic of being and being with others.”可知，本文講述的是作者的一個微笑善舉如同魔力一般，讓作者與一位有聽力障礙的人有了一次美好的交流，因此，D項(咖啡館里的魔力)最適合作為文章標題。故選D。
Ⅲ　語法填空
According to a study published in the UK recently, those __1__ like jogging and do this kind of exercise __2__ (regular) for at least one hour a week have very high chances to live a longer life. The study's Danish researchers __3__ (convince) that choosing this kind of physical activity can bring us a priceless reward, which is 5 to 6 more years of life! Moreover, __4__ (achieve) better results, the researchers suggest __5__ (limit) yourself to gentle jogging rather than fast－pace and tiring distance running. The scientists found that jogging __6__ (benefit) are maximized when done at an average or even slow－pace exercising, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to achieve success, regardless of your age or health condition.
The scientists analyzed __7__ data on about 20，000 people __8__ (age) between 20 and 93, collected for over 35 years by the Copenhagen City Heart Study. According to Dr Peter Schnohr, the leader researcher, it was found that jogging is related __9__ as much as a 44 percent __10__ (low) risk of death. The life expectancy increase in men is as much as 6.2 years, and for women it is as much as 5.6 years.
1．________　2．________　3．________　4．________　5．________　
6．________　7．________　8．________　9．________　10．________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項關于慢跑的研究結果，強調定期慢跑對延長生命的積極影響。
1．答案：who
2．答案：regularly
解析：考查定語從句的引導詞。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞those為指人的不定代詞，應用who引導。故填who。
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用副詞修飾動詞do。故填regularly。
3．答案：are convinced
4．答案：to achieve
解析：考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。此處陳述一般情況，應用一般現在時；convince與主語researchers之間是被動關系，且主語是復數。故填are convinced。
解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處應用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填to achieve。
5．答案：limiting
6．答案：benefits
解析：考查非謂語動詞。suggest doing sth “建議做某事”，此處應用動名詞作賓語。故填limiting。
解析：考查名詞。此處應用名詞作主語，根據謂語動詞are maximized可知，此處應用名詞復數。故填benefits。
7．答案：the
8．答案：aged
解析：考查冠詞。根據下文“on about 20，000 people __8__ (age) between 20 and 93”可知，此處應用定冠詞the表示特指。故填the。
解析：考查詞性轉換。此處應用形容詞，修飾名詞people，作后置定語，aged意為“……歲的”。故填aged。
9．答案：to
10．答案：lower
解析：考查介詞。be related to “與……有關”，為固定搭配。故填to。
解析：考查形容詞的比較級。句中隱含比較含義，即與沒有慢跑的情況相比較，慢跑可以降低44%的死亡風險，應用形容詞的比較級。故填lower。
精深閱讀
Your__action__can__speak__louder__than__your__words. It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures. However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.
In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”， while in some parts of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”．
Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad manners to do so. Also putting your clasped hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship.
In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger in a circle, and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.”
It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something.
篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些手勢在不同國家所代表的不同含義。
Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that can not be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day.
1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean
A．What you do is better than what you say.
B．You try your best to be polite.
C．You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.
D．What you say is better than what you do.
解析：句意理解題。根據第一段中的“It is important ... by using gestures.(當你在另一個國家時，掌握另一種語言以及如何不用語言交流是很重要的。在說話之前，人們用手勢進行交流。)”可推知，畫線句意為：手勢比語言更能讓人理解你。故選C。
2．You'd better not put the thumb up in ________．
A．Greece
B．the USA
C．England
D．China
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段中的“Today in the USA ... do so.(現在在美國，當某人豎起大拇指時，意思是‘一切都很好。’然而，在希臘，這樣做是不禮貌的。)”可知，你最好不要在希臘豎大拇指。故選A。
3．Which of the following is mentioned
A．Putting your clasped hands up above the head means friendship in Greece.
B．You can express “You are worth nothing” by putting your thumb up in France.
C．Making eye communication is not important in a talk.
D．Weather, sports, food and work are the topics that can be talked.
解析：細節理解題。根據最后一段最后一句“You can ... news of the day.”可知，你可以談論天氣、工作、運動、食物、住所和當天的新聞。故選D。
意思；含義
(一)學習重點詞匯
1．meaning(第一段)
meaning n. ____________→mean v. ________→meaningful adj. __________
意思是
有意義的
舉起；阻擋；耽擱
2．hold up(第四段)
拖延；耽擱
忍耐；抑制
躊躇；阻擋；控制住
等一等；不要掛電話
伸出；堅持
屏息
yes
(二)不看原文，請嘗試將圖中內容補充完整
no
I heard you
thumb
Everything is all right
bad
head
player
friendship
circle
Everything is OK
You are worth nothing
hide
(三)翻譯并背誦佳句
However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.
__________________________________________________________________
然而，在世界的不同地方，許多手勢有不同的含義，或者根本沒有含義。

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