資源簡介

(共17張PPT)
Unit 2 Getting along
Grammar
Learning Objectives
In this lesson, you will:
1. learn more usage of the present perfect tense.
2. use for and since correctly in present perfect tense.
3. discuss the experience of sharing.
我們什么時候使用現(xiàn)在完成時？
表示以前某個時間發(fā)生的行為或曾經(jīng)做過的事情對目前有某種影響時用現(xiàn)在完成時。
現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么？
have / has +動詞的過去分詞
現(xiàn)在完成時強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么？
過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的行為或事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。
Think and Discuss
Read the following sentences. What are their meanings
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there.
(a) 巨人離開已經(jīng)有一段時間了。
(b) 從那以后，他再也沒有在那里見過一個孩子。
What tense are the above sentences in
現(xiàn)在完成時還可以表達(dá)某一行為或狀態(tài)從過去某一時間，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。
Examples
I have had the dog for three months.
這條狗我已經(jīng)養(yǎng)了三個月了。
We have played football for a year.
我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)踢了一年足球了。
I have been like this since Friday.
我從周五開始就一直這樣。
I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year.
自從去年有了電腦，我就沒怎么鍛煉了。
What do “for” and “since” mean in these two sentences
(a) The Giant has been away for a long time.
(b) Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there.
for意為“多久”
since意為“自從”
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
I haven’t heard that beautiful song for a while.
I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year.
有一段時間
自從去年
Grammar Rules
表示行為或狀態(tài)從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，通常要與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，這類狀語通常由for或since引導(dǎo)。
for + 一段時間，如：for a long time, for five years, etc.
sicne + 時間點(diǎn)，如：since August 2024, since yesterday, since two o’clock, etc.
對現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語進(jìn)行提問時，我們常用How long。
We have played football for a year .
How long have you played football
I have been like this since Friday.
How long have you been like this
I have had the dog for three months .
How long have you had the dog
Attention!
在表示某一行為或狀態(tài)持續(xù)多長時間時，需要根據(jù)終止時間的不同和語境，使用不同的時態(tài)。
I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer.
（敘述去年夏天的事情，用一般過去時。）
I have stayed in the hotel for a week.
（表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)住了一周，用現(xiàn)在完成時。）
I will stay in the hotel for a week next month.
（講述下個月的事，用一般將來時。）
Attention!
在現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中，表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)時，動詞通常與表示時間段的時間狀語連用；而表示動作已經(jīng)完成時，動詞不能與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。
Tom has been here for two hours.
Tom已經(jīng)來了兩個小時了。
Tom has just come.
Tom剛到。
除表示經(jīng)歷、持續(xù)至今的行為或狀態(tài)外，現(xiàn)在完成時還可以表示到目前為止量的積累。例如：
I have learnt 20 English songs.
我已經(jīng)學(xué)會了20首英文歌曲。
I have colletcted 300 stamps.
我已經(jīng)收集了300枚郵票。
Complete the sentences with for or since.
1. We have been friends ______ Grade 3.
2. They have been together ______ three years.
3. ______ last year, we’ve shared a lot of happy moments.
since
for
Since
Grammar Exercises
Complete the news article with for, since, and correct form of the words in brackets.
Free ice creams,
priceless gifts
23 March, 2020
Most people hope to receive birthday gifts. But Jimmy Teng, or “Uncle Jimmy”, does things differently.
The 74-year-old has sold ice creams______
the past 17 years in Singapore.
Every year, on 22 March—his birthday—he ______ (offer) free ice creams. He has done this _______ his 70th birthday.
for
offers
since
This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams. “People _________ (be) quite stressed recently and I want to help,” he said. “Sharing has made me feel happy _______ the past four years.”
He _______ (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them have become his friends ______ they first met. Some students helped him set up social media pages. He has made many friends online ______ then.
have been
for
enjoys
since
since
When did it happen
What happened
It was last Thursday during our club activity time.
Work in pairs. Discuss your experience of sharing. Use the words from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
I shared the book Charlie and the Chocolate Factory with my classmate Li Xin. Both of us are at the reading club at school.
How did you feel about it
What have you learnt from it
I felt really pleased. It’s fun to share such an interesting book with a classmate.
Sharing can bring people closer. Sharing a good book with a classmate can make reading more fun.
Useful expressions
I have shared... with... for / since...
Sharing really brings ...
Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me...
One day,...
How does sharing make you feel
It makes me feel... because...

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