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Unit 2 School life
Lesson 3 Grammar
一、教學內容分析
本單元的主題圍繞“學校生活”展開。本課時為語法課。該課時主要包含的語法點有：一般現在時的含義，結構和基本用法；第三人稱單數作主語時謂語動詞的變化規則；助動詞 do/does 在否定句和疑問句中的使用規則；常見的頻度副詞和表示頻率的短語的意義及其在句中的位置。通過本課時的學習，學生將理解一般現在時的基本概念及其句型結構并正確使用一般現在時；能夠理解常見的頻度副詞含義，掌握其在句中的位置。通過不同任務，如補全對話和根據信息猜人物游戲等活動，學生將在實際交際中運用所學的語法知識，從而提升語言運用能力，實現語法知識學習與語言實際運用的有效結合。
二、學情分析
學生在小學階段已初步接觸過一般現在時，并能夠簡單運用一般現在時討論日常活動。但學生尚未系統掌握一般現在時，對一般現在時的相關知識點掌握零散且不牢固，還處于感性認識階段。如學生對一般現在時表示經常性，習慣性動作的用法較為熟悉，但卻不了解一般現在時的其他用法；對動詞第三人稱單數變化規則掌握還不牢固，常出現動詞三單形式變化錯誤和主謂搭配錯誤。對助動詞 do/does 的使用規則不清晰，容易出現句型結構不完整或語序混亂的情況。 因此，教師應通過本課時教學，引導學生系統梳理一般現在時的基本用法，幫助學生掌握一般現在時的不同結構，尤其是 do / does 構成的否定句和疑問句。通過豐富的輸入以及不同練習，幫助學生掌握一般現在時，并能在實際語境中正確使用一般現在時，提升學生的語法知識運用能力與交際能力。
三、教學目標
通過本課時的學習，學生能夠： 1. 理解、歸納一般現在時的含義和基本結構。 2. 掌握常見的頻度副詞的含義及其在句中的位置。 3. 在真實情境中正確使用一般現在時，并在此過程中培養學生關注日常生活的意識，學會合理安排日常生活，養成良好生活習慣。
四、教學重難點
【重點】 1. 理解、歸納一般現在時的含義和基本結構。 2. 掌握常見的頻度副詞的含義及其在句中的位置。 【難點】 在真實情境中正確使用一般現在時。
五、教學活動設計
環節一：觀看視頻，討論視頻中的句子，以此導入話題。（2 mins） 教師播放視頻，引導學生說出視頻中出現的句子是什么時態，引出本課時主題——一般現在時。
教學活動 活動層次 效果評價
Students watch the video and answer the question. 學習理解之感知與注意 通過學生的回答，判斷學生是否能夠正確識別視頻中句子的時態為一般現在時，判斷學生對一般現在時是否有一定認知。
環節設計意圖：通過看視頻回答問題這一輕松的方式，引發學生的興趣，讓學生注意到本課時的主題，同時自然引出本課時的語法主題。
環節二：完成不同層次的任務，探究一般現在時的基本用法和句型結構；常見的頻度副詞的含義及其在句中的位置；動詞第三人稱單數形式變化規則。（25 mins） 教師引導學生探究一般現在時的基本用法和句型結構；常見的頻度副詞意義及其在句中的位置；動詞第三人稱單數形式變化規則。
教學活動 活動層次 效果評價
Students read the sentences and learn the usages of the simple present and the positions of frequency adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency in sentences. 學習理解之感知與注意，獲取與梳理 通過學生課堂表現，判斷學生對一般現在時基本用法的了解程度以及判斷學生對頻度副詞的了解程度。教師需根據學生表現適當作出補充。
Students read the sentences and learn the spelling rules for changing verbs into the third person singular form in the simple present. And then fill in the blanks. 學習理解之獲取與梳理 應用實踐之內化與運用 通過學生活動反饋，判斷學生對動詞第三人稱單數形式變化規則的了解程度。教師需適時做補充。
Students read the sentences and summarize the sentence patterns of the simple present. Students change the affirmative sentences into negative sentences and interrogative sentences. Students summarize how to change the affirmative sentences in the simple present into negative sentences and interrogative sentences. 學習理解之感知與注意，獲取與梳理、概括與整合 通過學生課堂表現，判斷學生能否理解并掌握一般現在時的句型結構，掌握將一般現在時肯定句變為否定句和疑問句的方法。教師需根據實際情況調整教學策略。
環節設計意圖: 通過這些課堂活動，幫助學生理解并掌握一般現在時相關的語法知識，幫助學生系統化掌握語言規律，為輸出環節打下良好基礎。
環節三：對一般現在時相關語法知識進行全面總結。（5 mins） 教師引導學生對一般現在時相關語法知識進行全面總結。
教學活動 活動層次 效果評價
Students sum up the grammar rules of the simple present. 學習理解之概括與整合 從學生的總結情況來判斷學生對一般現在時相關知識的掌握程度，并進行客觀的評價和引導，及時調整教學。
環節設計意圖: 通過總結活動，幫助學生從細節到整體掌握與一般現在時相關的語法知識。
環節四：完成不同層次的練習。（13 mins） 通過不同的練習和活動，讓學生運用與一般現在時相關的語法知識，進一步內化并鞏固本課所學。
教學活動 活動層次 效果評價
Students fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words given. Students rewrite the sentences. Students read the paragraph about Jack and complete the conversation. Students work in pairs and play a guessing game. 應用實踐之內化與運用 觀察學生完成練習的情況，了解學生對一般現在時的掌握程度，教師需根據實際情況調整教學。此外，觀察學生在猜人物游戲中的表現，了解學生的口語表達能力、信息提取與綜合判斷能力。
環節設計意圖: 通過多樣化的練習和活動幫助學生進一步深化對一般現在時語法知識的理解與運用。此外，在猜人物游戲中，學生在小組互動中自然運用一般現在時和頻度副詞，鍛煉了口語表達能力，進一步實現語法知識的遷移與內化。
作業與拓展 1. Review the grammar rules of the simple present. 2. Use adverbs of frequency to write 5 sentences about your own habits. 3. Interview a classmate and write a short paragraph to describe his/her daily life using the simple present and adverbs of frequency.
4 / 4(共22張PPT)
Unit 2 School life
Lesson 3 Grammar
英語滬教版七年級上冊
Learning objectives
通過本課時的學習，學生能夠：
1. 理解、歸納一般現在時的含義和基本結構。
2. 掌握常見的頻度副詞的含義及其在句中的位置。
3. 在真實情境中正確使用一般現在時，并在此過程中培養學生關注日常生活的意識，學會合理安排日常生活，養成良好生活習慣。
重點
重點
Watch and answer
What is the tense of these sentences in the video
The simple present.
Read and learn
1. Some animals eat at night, Suzy.
2. Yes, Mr. Skinny Legs makes a new web every day.
3. Pedro always takes his glasses off before he sleeps.
1
Read and learn
頻度副詞在句中放在be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞后；實義動詞前。
always(總是)
usually(通常)
often(經常)
sometimes(有時)
seldom(幾乎不)
never(從不)
一般現在時表示經常或習慣性發生的動作。
常與always/usually/often/
sometimes/seldom/never等頻度副詞連用。
Read and learn
頻度副詞和表示頻率的短語也可以放在句子末尾，有時也可以放在句首。
1. Sometimes I go by car.
2. Every Sunday, my mother goes to the supermarket.
3. I play football once a week.
4. He visits his grandma from time to time.
Read and learn
1. They are happy and excited.
2. Linda is helpful and patient.
3. She is an English teacher.
4. The store opens at 7:00 a.m.
5. He has black hair and big eyes.
2
一般現在時表示現在的特征、狀態、能力、性格等。
Read and learn
1. The moon goes around the earth.
2. Beijing lies in the north of China.
3. Light travels faster than sound.
4. There are four seasons in a year.
3
一般現在時表示客觀事實和
普遍真理。
Read and fill
動詞第三人稱單數變化規則 在動詞原形后直接加-s。 （s發音：在元音和濁輔音后發/z/，在清輔音后發/s/） live —________
get —________
like —________
以-x, -s, -ch, -sh或以輔音字母+o結尾的動詞后加-es。（es在-x, -s, -ch, -sh后發/ z/） teach —________
finish —________
pass —________
fix —________
go —________
do —________
以輔音字母+y 結尾的詞,先變y 為 i, 再加-es。 study —________
cry —________
特殊變化 have —________
lives
gets
teaches
finishes
passes
fixes
studies
cries
goes
does
has
likes
Read and summarize
一般現在時——句子結構
They are students.
They play basketball every week.
主語+be動詞+其他.
主語+實義動詞+其他.
Change the affirmative sentences
肯定句：I am at home.
否定句：I am not at home.
疑問句：Are you at home
回答：Yes, I am./No, I am not.
特殊疑問句：Where are you
肯定句：She is fine.
否定句：She is not fine.
疑問句：Is she fine
回答：Yes, she is./No, she isn’t.
特殊疑問句：How is she
I用am，you用are，is跟著他她它，單數is，復數are。
若句子主語為第一人稱，變疑問句時則要將其變為第二人稱，相應的be動詞也要變化。
Change the affirmative sentences into negative sentences and interrogative sentences.
Change the affirmative sentences
肯定句：I like running.
否定句：I don’t like running.
疑問句：Do you like running
回答：Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
特殊疑問句：What do you like
肯定句：She goes to school on foot.
否定句：She doesn’t go to school on foot.
疑問句：Does she go to school on foot
回答：Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t.
特殊疑問句：How does she go to school
變否定：助動詞do/does+not+實義動詞原形。
變疑問：將do/does提到句首+還原實義動詞。
In statements, we add -s or ________ to verbs after he/she/it. In questions, we use ______ before I/you/we/they and ______ before he/she/it.
-es
do
does
Change the affirmative sentences into negative sentences and interrogative sentences.
Summarize
Be動詞 實義動詞
肯定 主語+am/is/are+其他. 主語+實義動詞 +其他.
否定 主語+am/is/are +not+其他. 主語+don’t /doesn’t +V原形+其他.
一般疑問句 Am/Is/Are+主語+其他 Do/Does +主語+V原形+其他
特殊疑問句 疑問詞+ am/is/are+主語+其他 疑問詞+do/does +主語+V原形+其他
Summary
The simple present
Definition
1.肯定句: S. + am/is/are + 其他.
2.否定句: S. + am/is/are + not+其他.
3.一般疑問句: Am/Is/Are + S. + 其他
Sentence patterns
Verb-s
1.表示經常或習慣性發生的動作，常與頻度副詞連用。
2.表示現在的特征、狀態、能力、性格等。
3.表示客觀事實和普遍真理。
1.在動詞原形后直接加-s。
2.以-x, -s, -ch, -sh或以輔音字母+o結尾的動詞后加-es。
3.以輔音字母+y 結尾的詞,先變y 為 i, 再加-es。
4.特殊變化（have-has）。
1.肯定句: S. + 實義動詞 + 其他.
2. 否定句: S. +don’t /doesn’t +V原形+其他.
3. 一般疑問句: Do/Does + S.+V原形+其他
Adverbs of frequency
1.頻率副詞在句中放在be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞后；實義動詞前。
2.頻度副詞和表示頻率的短語也可以放在句子末尾，有時也可以放在句首。
Fill in the blanks
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words given.
1. (be) she interested in dancing
2. There (be) some water in the bottle. You can drink it.
3. The child often (watch) TV for half an hour after dinner.
4. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.
5. He (live) in the countryside for a month every year.
6. The store (open) at 9 a.m. and (close) at 9 p.m.
7. Alice likes doing housework. She (clean) her room every afternoon.
cleans
Is
is
watches
goes
lives
opens
closes
1. I play football in the afternoon.
否定句:
一般疑問句:
特殊疑問句:
2. She does some shopping on Saturday.
否定句:
一般疑問句:
特殊疑問句:
I don’t play football in the afternoon.
Do you play football in the afternoon
What do you do in the afternoon
She doesn’t do some shopping on Saturday.
Does she do some shopping on Saturday
When does she do some shopping
Rewrite the sentences
用于實義動詞前構成否定句和疑問句，本身沒有詞義，不能單獨作謂語。
實義動詞（做，干，辦事）
Rewrite the sentences
3. Cindy helps her mother do housework.（改為否定句）
_____________________________________________________
4. His parents work hard.（改為否定句）
_____________________________________________________
5. My elder sister doesn’t like Geography.（改為肯定句）
_____________________________________________________
6. I don’t know her very well.（改為肯定句）
_____________________________________________________
7. Simon usually does his homework after supper.（改為一般疑問句）
_____________________________________________________
Cindy doesn’t help her mother do housework.
His parents don’t work hard.
My elder sister likes Geography.
I know her very well.
Does Simon usually do his homework after supper
Rewrite the sentences
8. The students like talking about their hobbies.（改為一般疑問句）
_____________________________________________________
9. My father goes fishing every weekend.（對畫線部分提問）
_____________________________________________________
10. They often play football on the playground.（對畫線部分提問）
_____________________________________________________
11. Anna goes to school by bus.（對畫線部分提問）
_____________________________________________________
12. I usually go shopping on Saturday.（對畫線部分提問）
_____________________________________________________
Do the students like talking about their hobbies
What does your father do every weekend
Where do they often play football
How does Anna go to school
When do you usually go shopping
Read and complete
Read the paragraph about Jack and complete the conversation.
S1: What time does Jack usually get up
S2: He usually gets up at 7:45 a.m.
S1: How (1)_______Jack and his friends go to school
S2: (2)____________________________________________
S1: When (3)_______ school finish
S2: (4)_____________________________________________
S1: What (5)______Jack do every Monday
S2: (6)_____________________________________________.
S1: When (7)______Jack and his parents usually have dinner
S2: (8)_____________________________________________
S1: How often (9) ______ Jack and his parents eat out
S2: (10)_____________________________________________
They often walk to school. / They often go to school on foot.
It finishes at 3:30 p.m.
He takes part in after-school club activities every Monday.
They usually have dinner around 7:00 p.m.
They seldom eat out.
do
does
does
do
do
Read and complete
Read the paragraph about Jack and complete the conversation.
“多久一次”。詢問頻率
Play a game
Play a guessing game in pairs. One chooses a student from the table and says three or four sentences about him/ her. The other guesses who he/ she is.
Homework
1. Review the grammar rules of the simple present.
2. Use adverbs of frequency to write 5 sentences about your own habits.
3. Interview a classmate and write a short paragraph to describe his/her daily life using the simple present and adverbs of frequency.
Bye-bye!

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