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Unit 3 Make it happen! 單詞解析三
1.electricity (名詞)電
[用法講解] electricity為不可數名詞，譯為“電、電流”。
Eg: Electricity is essential for modern life.
電對現代生活至關重要。
They use electricity to power their homes.
他們用電給房子供電。
The house has no electricity.
這所房子沒有電。
[常見搭配] supply/ provide electricity供電
cut off the electricity 停電
Eg: The power station supplies electricity to the town.
電站向鎮上供電。
They had to cut off the electricity because of the storm.
由于暴風雨，他們不得不停電。
[派生詞] electric為形容詞，譯為“電的”;
electrical為形容詞，譯為“與電相關的”;
electronic為形容詞，譯為“電子技術的”。
Eg: An electric wheelchair has given her greater mobility.
電動輪椅使她更便于移動了。
The company is a world leader in electrical goods.
這家公司的電器產品在全世界首屈一指。
This journal is available in paper and electronic form.
這份刊物有印刷版和電子版本。
[即學即用]
It's important to save ___________(electric) and not waste it.
答案:electricity
2.lightning (名詞)閃電
[用法講解] lightning為不可數名詞;lightning還可為形容詞，譯為“極快的、短暫的”; lightning還可為動詞，譯為“快速發生”。
Eg: The tree was struck by lightning during the storm.
暴風雨中，這棵樹被閃電擊中了。
He made a lightning decision to accept the job offer.
他閃電般決定接受這份工作。
The news lightning across social media.
消息在社交媒體上迅速傳播。
[常見搭配] lightning rod 避雷針
Eg: The invention of lightning rod decreases lightning disaster.
避雷針的發明，有效的減少了雷擊災害。
[即學即用]
The __________(閃電)struck the tower during the storm.
答案:lightning
3.pioneer (名詞)先驅、先鋒、創始人
[用法講解] pioneer為可數名詞，其復數形式為 pioneers; pioneer還可為動詞，譯為“開創”; pioneer還可為形容詞，譯為“具有開創性的”(較少見)。
Eg: Steve Jobs was a pioneer in personal computing.
喬布斯是個人計算機領域的先驅。
Mobile phone companies are pioneering mobile payment services.
手機公司正在開創移動支付服務。
The company developed pioneering technologies.
該公司開發了具有開創性的技術。
[常見搭配] pioneer in (doing) sth.是某領域/做某事的先驅
pioneer the way for sth.為某事開辟道路
pioneer spirit 先驅精神、開拓精神
pioneering work 開創性工作
young pioneer 少先隊員
Eg: Marie Curie was a pioneer in researching radioactivity.
居里夫人是研究放射性的先驅。
The project: pioneered the way for sustainable architecture.
該項目為可持續建筑開辟了道路。
Silicon Valley entrepreneurs are admired for their pioneer spirit.
硅谷企業家因其開拓精神而備受贊譽。
Alan Turing's pioneering work laid the foundation for computer science.
艾倫.圖靈的開創性工作為計算機科學奠定了基礎。
Two members of the Young Pioneer came and gave me a hand.
這時來了兩個少先隊員幫助我。
[即學即用]
他被公認為是人工智能領域的先驅。
He is recognized as _______ ________ ______ the field of artificial intelligence.
答案:a pioneer in
4.exploration (名詞)探索、探險、勘探、勘察
[用法講解] exploration在表示“探索活動”時為可數名詞，其復數形式為explorations; exploration在表示“探索行為”時為不可數名詞。
Eg: We conducted several explorations into the cave.
我們對洞穴進行了多次探索。
Space exploration is often seen as an expensive adventure.
太空探索通常被視為一種昂貴的探索行為。
[常見搭配] conduct exploration 進行探索
encourage exploration鼓勵探索
Eg: Scientists are conducting exploration into renewable energy sources.
科學家們正在進行可再生能源的探索。
Teachers should encourage creative exploration in classrooms.
教師應該鼓勵課堂上的創造性探索。
[派生詞] explore為動詞，譯為“探索”;
explorer為名詞，譯為“探險者”。
Eg: I think China will continue to explore for resources.
我覺得，中國將繼續進行資源勘探。
Explorers traced the Nile River to its several headstreams in Central Africa.
探險者在中非找到了尼羅河的幾處源頭。
[即學即用]
( )he _______ of the ocean depths reveals unknown species.
A.study B. exploration C. research D.search
答案:B
5.test(動詞)驗證、檢驗
[用法講解] test為可數名詞，其復數形式為 tests;test還可為動詞，譯為“試驗、檢查、測試”等。
Eg: I have a math test tomorrow.
我明天有數學測試。
This is a test of our friendship.
這是對我們友誼的考驗。
The doctor tested his eyesight.
醫生測試了他的視力。
[常見搭配] final test 期末考試
pass/ fail the test通過/未通過考試
blood test 驗血
test on ... 在...上進行測試
test out 試驗成功
stand the test of time經受住時間的考驗/經久不衰
Eg: I have to take a final test next week.
我下周要參加期末考試。
I am very happy because I pass the English test.
我非常開心因為我通過了英語考試。
A blood test will tell us who I am
驗血能確定我是誰嗎
The new drug was tested on animals first.
這種新藥首先在動物身上進行了試驗。
The prototype tested out better than expected.
原型機測試結果超預期。
Shakespeare's works have stood the test of time.
莎翁的作品經久不衰。
[易混辨析] test、exam與quiz的區別
test通常指小型的、不定期的測驗，用于檢驗特定知識或技能;
exam一般指正式的、大型的考試;
quiz通常指一種簡短的、頻繁的評估。
Eg: The test results came back positive.
測試結果呈陽性。
Failing one exam is not the end of the world.
一次考試不及格并非世界末日。
The solution to last week's quiz is on page81.
上星期測驗的答案在第81頁。
[即學即用]
他們的友誼經受住了時間的考驗。
Their friendship has____________________.
答案:stood the test of time
6.despite (介詞) 盡管、雖然、任憑
[用法講解] despite為介詞后面可接名詞、動名詞;不能直接跟that從句，需要加the fact。
Eg: Despite the bad weather, we still went on a picnic.
盡管天氣不好，我們仍然去野餐了。
Despite feeling tired, she continued to study for the exam.
盡管感覺很累，她還是繼續為考試學習。
Despite the fact that it was late, he called her.
盡管已經很晚了，他還是給她打了電話。
[易混辨析]despite與although區別:
despite為介詞，后面通常接名詞、動名詞，用于引導出與主句意義相反或相對的情況;
although為連詞，后面接讓步狀語從句。
Eg: Despite all efforts, the plan failed.
盡管竭盡全力，計劃還是失敗了。
Although he's nearly 80, he is still very active.
盡管快80歲了，他還是十分活躍。
[即學即用]
D________ the bad weather,the concert went ahead as planned.
答案:Despite
7.curiosity (名詞)好奇心
[用法講解] curiosity在表示“好奇心”時為不可數名詞;curiosity在表示“珍品、罕見物件”時為可數名詞。
Eg: She showed great curiosity about the ancient ruins.
她對古跡表現出強烈的好奇心。
The museum displays many historical curiosities.
博物館展出了許多歷史珍品。
[常見搭配] satisfy one's curiosity 滿足某人的好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇
Eg: The results of the experiment finally satisfied our curiosity about the phenomenon.
實驗的結果終于滿足了我們對這一現象的好奇心。
I opened the box out of pure curiosity.
我處于純粹的好奇打開了盒子。
[即學即用]
處于好奇，他問了我很多問題。
________ _______ ________, he asked me many questions.
答案:Out of curiosity
8.future (形容詞)將來的、未來的
[用法講解] future還可為不可數名詞，譯為“未來”。
Eg: They discussed future plans for the company.
他們討論了公司的未來計劃。
I'm really excited about the future.
我對未來充滿期待。
[常見搭配] in future 在未來(從現在開始的時間段)
in the future 在未來(泛指未來的任何時間段，指近期或長期)
Eg: Please be more careful in future.
今后請更加小心。
We can't predict what will happen in the future.
我們無法預測未來會發生什么。
[即學即用]
The f_______is full of possibilities.
答案:future
9.failure (名詞)失敗
[用法講解] failure通常為不可數名詞;在指“具體失敗的人/事”或“某次的失敗”時為可數名詞。
Eg: Failure is often the first step to success.
失敗通常是成功的第一步。
The project was a complete failure.
這個項目是一次徹底的失敗。
[常見搭配] failure to do sth.未能做某事
failure in sth. 在某方面的失敗
avoid failure 避免失敗
due to failure 由于失敗
in failure 處于失敗狀態
put failure down to... 將失敗歸因于...
end in failure 以失敗告終
Eg: Failure to follow the rules may lead to penalties.
不遵守規則可能導致處罰。
His failure in the exam surprised us.
他的考試不及格使我們吃驚。
By planning ahead, you can avoid failure.
通過提前計劃，你可以避免失敗。
The project was delayed due to failure of the key component.
由于關鍵部件故障，項目被延誤。
The company found itself in failure after a series of bad investments.
這家公司在一系列糟糕的投資后陷入了失敗境地。
He put the failure of his business down to bad luck.
他將生意失敗歸因于運氣差。
The project ended in failure.
項目以失敗告終。
[派生詞] fail為動詞，譯為“失敗”。
Eg: I failed the test.
我考試不及格了。
He failed to arrive on time.
他未能準時到達。
[常見搭配] fail to do sth.未能完成某事
fail in sth. 在某方面失敗
without fail 必定、一定
fail in one's duty 未盡職責
fail in health 健康衰退
Eg: He failed to persuade her.
他未能說服她。
He failed in business.
他經商失敗了。
He will be there without fail.
他一定會去那里。
He failed in his duty to protect his team.
他未能進到保護隊友的職責。
His father failed in health after the accident.
[即學即用]
1.We can learn a lot from ________ (fail) if we approach it with the right mindset.
( )2. They failed________ the summit due to bad weather.
A.reach B. reaching C. to reach D. to reaching
答案: 1.failure 2.C
10.explorer (名詞)探險者、勘察者
[用法講解]explorer為可數名詞，其復數形式為explorers。
Eg: I admire explorers who risk their lives for discovery.
我敬佩那些為了發現冒著生命危險的探險者。
[即學即用]
He is a brave __________ (explore) who has traveled to many dangerous places.
答案:explorers
11.risk(名詞) 冒險舉動
[用法講解] risk為名詞，譯為“風險、危險性”; risk還可為動詞，譯為“冒險”。
Eg: He is willing to take a risk to start his own business.
他愿意冒險創辦自己的公司。
I wouldn't risk driving in such bad weather.
我不會冒著這么惡劣的天氣開車的。
[常見搭配] at risk 處于危險中
risk doing sth. 冒險做某事
risk one's life 冒著生命危險
Eg: Hundreds of thousands of people are at risk.
有幾十萬人正處于危險中。
She risked losing her job by speaking out against corruption.
她因公開反對腐敗而冒著失業的風險。
They risk their lives to save the drowning child.
他們冒著生命危險去救那個溺水的孩子。
[派生詞] risky為形容詞，譯為“有危險的、有風險的”。
Eg: Skydiving is a risky sport.
高空跳傘是一項高風險運動。
[即學即用]
1.We have been advised not to risk__________ (travel) in these conditions.
( )2. If you put all your eggs in one basket, you ______ losing everything all at one time.
A.risk B. enjoy C. avoid D. consider
答案:1.travelling 2.A
12.drive(動詞)促使(某人做某事)
[用法講解]drive作動詞，還可譯為“駕駛、推動”，其過去式為drove，過去分詞為driven; drive還可為名詞，譯為“駕駛、追求”。
Eg: Curiosity drove her to explore the unknown.
好奇心驅使她去探索未知。
I drive to work every day.
我每天開車上班。
The strong wind drove the waves higher.
大風把海浪推得更高。
Let's go for a drive in the countryside.
我們去鄉下開車兜風吧。
He has a strong drive to succeed.
他有強烈的成功欲望。
[常見搭配] drive sb. crazy/ mad 使某人發瘋或抓狂
drive sb.away 趕走某人
drive home sth. 強調某點
drive out sth. 消除或根除某物
take a drive 短途駕駛
Eg: The constant delays are driving me mad!
不斷的延誤快把我逼瘋了!
High prices drove away potential buyers.
高價嚇退了潛在買家。
She drove home the need for teamwork.
她反復強調團隊合作的必要性。
Efforts to drive out invasive species continue.
根除外來入侵物種的努力持續進行。
We took a drive to watch the sunset.
我們開車去看日落。
[派生詞] driver為名詞，譯為“司機”。
Eg: The bus driver asked them to move along.
公共汽車司機讓他們往里走走。
[即學即用]
1.有時金錢可以讓人瘋狂，甚至毀掉他們。
Sometimes money can________ and even kill them.
2.The ________(drive) sits at the front of the bus.
答案:1. drive people crazy 2. driver
13.towards (介詞)朝、向、接近(某種結果)
[用法講解] towards主要用于表示方向或目標。
Eg: She walked towards the door.
她朝門走去。
We are working towards a solution.
我們正在努力尋找解決方案。
The car moved towards us on the road.
汽車在路上向我們駛來。
[即學即用]
( )The dog is running _____ me.
A.in B. with C.at D.towards
答案:D
14.spend (動詞)度過、花(時間)
[用法講解] spend為動詞，其過去式為spent，過去分詞為spent。
[常見搭配] spend oneself耗盡精力
spend up 花光所有資源
spend beyond one's means 入不敷出
Eg: He spent himself completely in his work.
他工作得精疲力盡。
I've spent up all my savings.
我把所有的積蓄都花光了。
Many people spend beyond their means during the holiday season.
很多人在假期期間都會超支。
[知識拓展]四種花費
(1)花時間做某事
It + takes sb. + 時間+ to do sth.
=人 + spend +時間+ doing sth.做某事花費某人多長時間
Eg: It took me an hour to finish my homework last night.
= I spent an hour finishing my homework last night.
昨晚我花了一個小時完成作業。
(2)花錢買某物
人 spend 錢 on sth. = sth. cost 人 +錢 = pay 錢 for sth.付款買某物
Eg: I paid five hundred yuan for this bike.
= I spent five hundred yuan on this bike.
= This bike cost me five hundred yuan.
我花500元買這輛自行車。
[即學即用]
( )1.He _______ three hours finishing his homework last night.
A.spent B. cost C. took D.paid
2.It took me a lot of time ________ (learn) English well.
答案: 1.A 2. to learn
15.earthquake (名詞)地震
[用法講解] earthquake為可數名詞，其復數形式為 earthquakes;earthquake還可作形容詞，搭配名詞使用，如earthquake -proof譯為“抗震的”。
Eg: The earthquake caused significant damage to the city.
地震對這座城市造成了重大損害。
I experienced an earthquake once. It was terrifying.
我經歷過一次地震。太可怕了。
[常見搭配] earthquake zone地震帶
Eg: This area is in a known earthquake zone.
該地區位于已知的地震帶內。
[即學即用]
The _________(地震)caused widespread damage in the area.
答案:earthquake
16.keyhole (名詞)鎖眼、鑰匙孔
[用法講解] keyhole為可數名詞，其復數形式為 keyholes.
Eg: Children are often curious about what's behind a keyhole.
孩子常對鑰匙孔背后的景象感到好奇。
[常見搭配] insert into the keyhole 插入鑰匙孔
peer through the keyhole 窺視鑰匙孔
Eg: He carefully inserted the key into the keyhole.
他小心地將鑰匙插入鑰匙孔。
She peered through the keyhole to see who was at the door.
她透過鑰匙孔窺視門外是誰。
[即學即用]
The _________(鑰匙孔) on the old door is rusty and hard to open.
答案:keyhole
21世紀教育網(www.21cnjy.com)(共48張PPT)
Unit 3 Make it happen!
八年級
外研版2024
上
單詞解析三
1.electricity (名詞)電
[用法講解]electricity為不可數名詞，譯為“電、電流”。
Eg: Electricity is essential for modern life.
電對現代生活至關重要。
They use electricity to power their homes.
他們用電給房子供電。
The house has no electricity.
這所房子沒有電。
[常見搭配]supply/ provide electricity供電
cut off the electricity停電
Eg: The power station supplies electricity to the town.
電站向鎮上供電。
They had to cut off the electricity because of the storm.
由于暴風雨，他們不得不停電。
[派生詞] electric為形容詞，譯為“電的”;
electrical為形容詞，譯為“與電相關的”;
electronic為形容詞，譯為“電子技術的”。
Eg: An electric wheelchair has given her greater mobility.
電動輪椅使她更便于移動了。
The company is a world leader in electrical goods.
這家公司的電器產品在全世界首屈一指。
This journal is available in paper and electronic form.
這份刊物有印刷版和電子版本。
[即學即用]
It's important tosave___________(electric) and not waste it.
electricity
2.lightning (名詞)閃電
[用法講解] lightning為不可數名詞;lightning還可為形容詞，譯為“極快的、短暫的”; lightning還可為動詞，譯為“快速發生”。
Eg: The tree was struck by lightning during the storm.
暴風雨中，這棵樹被閃電擊中了。
He made a lightning decision to accept the job offer.
他閃電般決定接受這份工作。
The news lightning across social media.
消息在社交媒體上迅速傳播。
[常見搭配] lightning rod 避雷針
Eg: The invention of lightning rod decreases lightning disaster.
避雷針的發明，有效的減少了雷擊災害。
[即學即用]
The __________(閃電)struck the tower during the storm.
lightning
3.pioneer (名詞)先驅、先鋒、創始人
[用法講解] pioneer為可數名詞，其復數形式為 pioneers; pioneer還可為動詞，譯為“開創”; pioneer還可為形容詞，譯為“具有開創性的”(較少見)。
Eg: Steve Jobs was a pioneer in personal computing.
喬布斯是個人計算機領域的先驅。
Mobile phonecompanies are pioneering mobile payment services.
手機公司正在開創移動支付服務。
Thecompanydeveloped pioneering technologies.
該公司開發了具有開創性的技術。
[常見搭配] pioneer in (doing) sth.是某領域/做某事的先驅
pioneer the way for sth.為某事開辟道路
pioneer spirit先驅精神、開拓精神
pioneering work開創性工作
young pioneer少先隊員
Eg: Marie Curie was apioneer in researching radioactivity.
居里夫人是研究放射性的先驅。
Theproject: pioneeredthe way for sustainable architecture.
該項目為可持續建筑開辟了道路。
Silicon Valley entrepreneurs are admired for their pioneer spirit.
硅谷企業家因其開拓精神而備受贊譽。
Alan Turing's pioneering work laid the foundation for computer science.
艾倫.圖靈的開創性工作為計算機科學奠定了基礎。
Two members of the Young Pioneer came and gave me a hand.
這時來了兩個少先隊員幫助我。
[即學即用]
他被公認為是人工智能領域的先驅。
He is recognized as _______ ________ ______ the field of artificial intelligence.
a pioneer in
4.exploration (名詞)探索、探險、勘探、勘察
[用法講解]exploration在表示“探索活動”時為可數名詞，其復數形式為explorations; exploration在表示“探索行為”時為不可數名詞。
Eg: We conducted several explorations into the cave.
我們對洞穴進行了多次探索。
Space exploration is often seen as an expensive adventure.
太空探索通常被視為一種昂貴的探索行為。
[常見搭配] conduct exploration進行探索
encourage exploration鼓勵探索
Eg:Scientists are conducting exploration into renewable energy sources.
科學家們正在進行可再生能源的探索。
Teachers should encourage creative exploration in classrooms.
教師應該鼓勵課堂上的創造性探索。
[派生詞] explore為動詞，譯為“探索”;
explorer為名詞，譯為“探險者”。
Eg: I think China will continue to explore for resources.
我覺得，中國將繼續進行資源勘探。
Explorers traced the Nile River to its several headstreams in Central Africa.
探險者在中非找到了尼羅河的幾處源頭。
[即學即用]
( )he _______ of the ocean depths reveals unknown species.
A.study B. exploration C. researchD.search
B
5.test(動詞)驗證、檢驗
[用法講解]test為可數名詞，其復數形式為tests;test還可為動詞，譯為“試驗、檢查、測試”等。
Eg: I have a math test tomorrow.
我明天有數學測試。
This is a test of our friendship.
這是對我們友誼的考驗。
The doctor tested his eyesight.
醫生測試了他的視力。
[常見搭配]final test期末考試
pass/ fail the test通過/未通過考試
blood test驗血
test on ...在...上進行測試
test out試驗成功
stand the test of time經受住時間的考驗/經久不衰
Eg: I have to take a final test next week.
我下周要參加期末考試。
I am very happy because I pass the English test.
我非常開心因為我通過了英語考試。
A blood test will tell us who I am
驗血能確定我是誰嗎
The new drug was tested on animals first.
這種新藥首先在動物身上進行了試驗。
The prototype tested out better than expected.
原型機測試結果超預期。
Shakespeare's works have stood the test of time.
莎翁的作品經久不衰。
[易混辨析] test、exam與quiz的區別
test通常指小型的、不定期的測驗，用于檢驗特定知識或技能;
exam一般指正式的、大型的考試;
quiz通常指一種簡短的、頻繁的評估。
Eg: The test results came back positive.
測試結果呈陽性。
Failing one exam is not the end of the world.
一次考試不及格并非世界末日。
The solution to last week's quiz is on page81.
上星期測驗的答案在第81頁。
[即學即用]
他們的友誼經受住了時間的考驗。
Their friendship has____________________.
stood the test of time
6.despite (介詞) 盡管、雖然、任憑
[用法講解] despite為介詞后面可接名詞、動名詞;不能直接跟that從句，需要加the fact。
Eg: Despite the bad weather, we still went on a picnic.
盡管天氣不好，我們仍然去野餐了。
Despite feeling tired, she continued to study for the exam.
盡管感覺很累，她還是繼續為考試學習。
Despite the fact that it was late, he called her.
盡管已經很晚了，他還是給她打了電話。
[易混辨析]despite與although區別:
despite為介詞，后面通常接名詞、動名詞，用于引導出與主句意義相反或相對的情況;
although為連詞，后面接讓步狀語從句。
Eg: Despite all efforts, the plan failed.
盡管竭盡全力，計劃還是失敗了。
Although he's nearly 80, he is still very active.
盡管快80歲了，他還是十分活躍。
[即學即用]
D________ the bad weather,the concert went ahead as planned.
espite
7.curiosity (名詞)好奇心
[用法講解] curiosity在表示“好奇心”時為不可數名詞;curiosity在表示“珍品、罕見物件”時為可數名詞。
Eg: She showed great curiosity about the ancient ruins.
她對古跡表現出強烈的好奇心。
Themuseum displays many historical curiosities.
博物館展出了許多歷史珍品。
[常見搭配]satisfy one's curiosity滿足某人的好奇心
out of curiosity出于好奇
Eg: The results of the experiment finally satisfied our curiosity about the phenomenon.
實驗的結果終于滿足了我們對這一現象的好奇心。
I opened the box out of pure curiosity.
我處于純粹的好奇打開了盒子。
[即學即用]
處于好奇，他問了我很多問題。
________ _______ ________, he asked me many questions.
Out of curiosity
8.future (形容詞)將來的、未來的
[用法講解] future還可為不可數名詞，譯為“未來”。
Eg: They discussed future plans for the company.
他們討論了公司的未來計劃。
I'm really excited about the future.
我對未來充滿期待。
[常見搭配]in future在未來(從現在開始的時間段)
in the future在未來(泛指未來的任何時間段，指近期或長期)
Eg: Please be more careful in future.
今后請更加小心。
We can't predict what will happen in the future.
我們無法預測未來會發生什么。
[即學即用]
The f_______is full of possibilities.
uture
9.failure (名詞)失敗
[用法講解] failure通常為不可數名詞;在指“具體失敗的人/事”或“某次的失敗”時為可數名詞。
Eg: Failure is often the first step to success.
失敗通常是成功的第一步。
The project was a complete failure.
這個項目是一次徹底的失敗。
[常見搭配] failure to do sth.未能做某事
failure in sth.在某方面的失敗
avoid failure避免失敗
due to failure由于失敗
in failure處于失敗狀態
put failure down to... 將失敗歸因于...
end in failure以失敗告終
Eg: Failure to follow the rules may lead to penalties.
不遵守規則可能導致處罰。
His failure in the exam surprised us.
他的考試不及格使我們吃驚。
By planning ahead, you can avoid failure.
通過提前計劃，你可以避免失敗。
The project was delayed due to failure of the key component.
由于關鍵部件故障，項目被延誤。
The company found itself in failure after a series of bad investments.
這家公司在一系列糟糕的投資后陷入了失敗境地。
He put the failure of his business down to bad luck.
他將生意失敗歸因于運氣差。
The project ended in failure.
項目以失敗告終。
[派生詞] fail為動詞，譯為“失敗”。
Eg: I failed the test.
我考試不及格了。
He failed to arrive on time.
他未能準時到達。
[常見搭配] fail to do sth.未能完成某事
fail in sth.在某方面失敗
without fail必定、一定
fail in one's duty未盡職責
fail in health健康衰退
Eg: He failed to persuade her.
他未能說服她。
He failed in business.
他經商失敗了。
He will be there without fail.
他一定會去那里。
He failed in his duty to protect his team.
他未能進到保護隊友的職責。
His father failed in health after the accident.
[即學即用]
1.We can learn a lot from ________ (fail) if we approach it with the right mindset.
( )2. They failed________ the summit due to bad weather.
A.reach B. reaching C. to reach D. to reaching
failure
C
10.explorer (名詞)探險者、勘察者
[用法講解]explorer為可數名詞，其復數形式為explorers。
Eg: I admire explorers who risk their lives for discovery.
我敬佩那些為了發現冒著生命危險的探險者。
[即學即用]
He is a brave __________ (explore) who has traveled to many dangerous places.
explorers
11.risk(名詞) 冒險舉動
[用法講解] risk為名詞，譯為“風險、危險性”; risk還可為動詞，譯為“冒險”。
Eg: He is willing to take a risk to start his own business.
他愿意冒險創辦自己的公司。
I wouldn't risk driving in such bad weather.
我不會冒著這么惡劣的天氣開車的。
[常見搭配]at risk處于危險中
risk doing sth.冒險做某事
risk one's life冒著生命危險
Eg: Hundreds of thousands of people are at risk.
有幾十萬人正處于危險中。
She risked losing her job by speaking out against corruption.
她因公開反對腐敗而冒著失業的風險。
They risk their lives to save the drowning child.
他們冒著生命危險去救那個溺水的孩子。
[派生詞] risky為形容詞，譯為“有危險的、有風險的”。
Eg: Skydiving is a risky sport.
高空跳傘是一項高風險運動。
[即學即用]
1.We have been advised not to risk__________ (travel) in these conditions.
( )2. If you put all your eggs in one basket, you ______ losing everything all at one time.
A.risk B. enjoy C. avoid D. consider

travelling
A
12.drive(動詞)促使(某人做某事)
[用法講解]drive作動詞，還可譯為“駕駛、推動”，其過去式為drove，過去分詞為driven; drive還可為名詞，譯為“駕駛、追求”。
Eg: Curiosity drove her to explore the unknown.
好奇心驅使她去探索未知。
I drive to work every day.
我每天開車上班。
The strong wind drove the waves higher.
大風把海浪推得更高。
Let's go for a drive in the countryside.
我們去鄉下開車兜風吧。
He has a strong drive to succeed.
他有強烈的成功欲望。
[常見搭配]drive sb. crazy/ mad使某人發瘋或抓狂
drive sb.away趕走某人
drive home sth.強調某點
drive out sth.消除或根除某物
take a drive短途駕駛
Eg: The constant delays are driving me mad!
不斷的延誤快把我逼瘋了!
High prices drove away potential buyers.
高價嚇退了潛在買家。
She drove home the need for teamwork.
她反復強調團隊合作的必要性。
Efforts to drive out invasive species continue.
根除外來入侵物種的努力持續進行。
We took a drive to watch the sunset.
我們開車去看日落。
[派生詞] driver為名詞，譯為“司機”。
Eg: The bus driver asked them to move along.
公共汽車司機讓他們往里走走。
[即學即用]
1.有時金錢可以讓人瘋狂，甚至毀掉他們。
Sometimes money can____________________ and even kill them.
2.The ________(drive) sits at the front of the bus.

drive people crazy
driver
13.towards (介詞)朝、向、接近(某種結果)
[用法講解]towards主要用于表示方向或目標。
Eg: She walked towards the door.
她朝門走去。
We are working towards a solution.
我們正在努力尋找解決方案。
The car moved towards us on the road.
汽車在路上向我們駛來。
[即學即用]
( )The dog is running _____ me.
A.in B. with C.at D.towards
D
14.spend (動詞)度過、花(時間)
[用法講解]spend為動詞，其過去式為spent，過去分詞為spent。
[常見搭配] spend oneself耗盡精力
spend up花光所有資源
spend beyond one's means入不敷出
Eg: He spent himself completely in his work.
他工作得精疲力盡。
I've spent up all my savings.
我把所有的積蓄都花光了。
Many people spend beyond their means during the holiday season.
很多人在假期期間都會超支。
[知識拓展]四種花費
(1)花時間做某事
It + takes sb. + 時間+ to do sth.
=人 + spend +時間+ doing sth.做某事花費某人多長時間
Eg: It took me an hour to finish my homework last night.
= I spent an hour finishing my homework last night.
昨晚我花了一個小時完成作業。
(2)花錢買某物
人 spend 錢 on sth. = sth. cost 人 +錢 = pay 錢 for sth.付款買某物
Eg: I paid five hundred yuan for this bike.
= I spent five hundred yuan on this bike.
= This bike cost me five hundred yuan.
我花500元買這輛自行車。
[即學即用]
( )1.He _______ three hours finishing his homework last night.
A.spent B. cost C. tookD.paid
2.It took me a lot of time ________ (learn) English well.
A
to learn
15.earthquake (名詞)地震
[用法講解] earthquake為可數名詞，其復數形式為 earthquakes;earthquake還可作形容詞，搭配名詞使用，如earthquake -proof譯為“抗震的”。
Eg: The earthquake caused significant damage to the city.
地震對這座城市造成了重大損害。
I experienced an earthquake once. It was terrifying.
我經歷過一次地震。太可怕了。
[常見搭配] earthquake zone地震帶
Eg: This area is in a known earthquake zone.
該地區位于已知的地震帶內。
[即學即用]
The _________(地震)caused widespread damage in the area.
earthquake
16.keyhole (名詞)鎖眼、鑰匙孔
[用法講解] keyhole為可數名詞，其復數形式為 keyholes.
Eg: Children are often curious about what's behind a keyhole.
孩子常對鑰匙孔背后的景象感到好奇。
[常見搭配]insert into the keyhole插入鑰匙孔
peer through the keyhole窺視鑰匙孔
Eg: He carefully inserted the key into the keyhole.
他小心地將鑰匙插入鑰匙孔。
She peered through the keyhole to see who was at the door.
她透過鑰匙孔窺視門外是誰。
[即學即用]
The _________(鑰匙孔) on the old door is rusty and hard to open.
keyhole
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