資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Don’t ignore the difference teenagers can make.
　　John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida
　　When John Michael Thomas decided to honor his friend and classmate Elizabeth Buckley， who died from cancer， he remembered how much she loved peacocks （孔雀）.He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.He thought it could be a place for people to relax and be inspired.John Michael raised 52，000 to build the fountain.
　　Barrett Smith， 13， Utah
　　The wheels began to turn for Barrett Smith when he heard about Karma Bike Shop， a place where young people can earn free bikes by reading and performing community service.
　　Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.
　　He expected to get about 10 donated bikes.In the end， Barrett received 39.
　　Zachary Blohm， 15， Wisconsin
　　The 25-year-old playground at an elementary school near Milwaukee， Wisconsin was so small that only 70 of its 575 students could play on it at a time.
　　That’s when Zachary Blohm saved the day （扭轉局面）.He and some volunteers wanted to build a huge playground.To raise money， Zachary planned T-shirt and bake sales， sold tickets and more.He held monthly money-raising events for more than a year.Overall， he collected 130，000 — enough to finish his project.
　　Jack Zimmerman， 16， New Jersey
　　For some people， finding a meal is as simple as opening the refrigerator.For more than 366，000 hungry kids in New Jersey， it’s not that easy.
　　That fact didn’t sit well with Jack Zimmerman， who organized a drive to lessen childhood hunger in his state.His goal： Create 40，000 packaged meals that could be donated to those in need.
　　On game day， Jack and his volunteers started their work.After the final count， the team had packaged 47，124 meals — well above Jack’s goal.
1.The peacock fountain was built in a park 　　　.（　　）
A.to encourage people
B.to cure a cancer sufferer
C.to protect the animals
D.to cherish the memory of a teenager
2.What did Barrett do for Karma Bike Shop？（　　）
A.He repaired bikes there.
B.He donated bikes to it.
C.He helped it win customers.
D.He offered a reading service there.
3.What do the four people have in common？（　　）
A.They’re top students.
B.They like various public activities.
C.They are concerned about others.
D.They are money raisers for the poor.
B
　　（2024·江蘇揚州高二統考期中）The history of humankind is littered with crafty and seasoned liars.Lying， it turns out， is something that most of us are highly skilled in.We lie with ease， in ways big and small， to strangers， co-workers， friends， and loved ones.Being dishonest is woven into our very fabric， so that it would be truthful to say that to lie is human.
　　Like learning to walk and talk， lying is something of a developmental milestone.While parents often find their children’s lies troubling — for they signal the beginning of a loss of innocence — Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.
　　To study lying in children， Lee and his colleagues use a simple experiment.They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.The sound played has nothing to do with the toy.“So you play Beethoven， but the toy’s a car，” Lee explains.The experimenter leaves the room， using the excuse of taking a phone call — a lie for the sake of science — and asks the child not to peek at the toy.Returning， the experimenter asks the child for the answer， following up with the question：“Did you peek or not？”
　　Most children can’t resist peeking.The percentage of the children who peek and then provide false statements about it depends on their age.Among two-year-old， only 30 per cent are mendacious.Among three-year-old， 50 per cent lie.And by eight， about 80 per cent claim they didn’t peek.
　　What drives this increase in lying is the development of a child’s ability to put himself or herself in someone else’s shoes.Known as theory of mind， this is the facility we acquire for understanding the beliefs， intentions， and knowledge of others.What then might be the best way to block the rapid advance of untruths into our lives？ The answer isn’t clear.Technology has opened up a new frontier for dishonesty， adding a 21st-century twist to the age-old problem.
4.What can we learn about the human tendency to lie？（　　）
A.It is a rare occurrence.
B.It is part of human nature.
C.It emerges in adulthood.
D.It results from human greed.
5.Which statement will Kang Lee probably agree with？（　　）
A.Children who lie are more likely to fail.
B.Parents should prevent children from lying.
C.Lying in children suggests a normal growth.
D.Lying is a sign of a child’s loss of innocence.
6.What were the children asked to do in the experiment？（　　）
A.Determine the names of the hidden items.
B.Provide false statements about their actions.
C.Hide toys from the view of the experimenter.
D.Guess the link between toys and sound clues.
7.What does the underlined word “mendacious” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A.Cooperative. B.Trustworthy.
C.Irresponsible. D.Untruthful.
C
　　Not every man is cut out to be a father.If the thought of fatherhood fills you with fear， maybe it isn’t for you or maybe it’s a sign that you take the responsibility of fatherhood seriously.
　　As a parent， you are always going to have to trust your instincts （本能）.There’s no comprehensive rule book on parenting.You’ll screw up sometimes.Hopefully， your husband or wife will be there to nudge （鼓勵） you in the right direction.And， as in many other aspects of life， doing the right thing will rarely make you popular.Your kids will need limits and discipline， and some days they will get angry with you for it.But the kids know on some level that they need limits and that the responsible parent who is setting and enforcing them is doing so because he or she cares.It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.
　　Certainly， we can find meaning in a lot of places in life.But for most of us who have seen the emergence of a small baby， fatherhood gives life unparalleled meaning.Parenthood， for a lot of us， may well be an antidepressant — not because you always feel good， but because you no longer have any time to sit around feeling bad.Your kids will always need you in one way or another — first for bottle-feeding， then as fellow pretend superheroes and to apply Band-Aids to skinned knees， and then， when they are teenagers， as a free personal Uber service or， once in a great while， for unexpected deep talks about the meaning of life.
　　I know what I did with my kids day after day， night after night， year over year， mattered so much.I won’t pretend to have everything figured out about life， but I did figure out the immeasurable value in being one link in a great chain of family， stretching back to our ancestors and continuing into the future， into whatever the world throws at us next.
8.What does the underlined phrase “screw up” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Mess up. B.Feel down.
C.Stay strong. D.Get inspired.
9.Which statement will the author probably agree with？（　　）
A.Parenting books are essential for parents.
B.Strict parents are popular with their kids.
C.Disciplining kids is a way to show love.
D.Kids seldom understand parents’ intentions.
10.Why does the author mention the things a parent does for kids in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To share some parenting tips.
B.To stress the difficulty of parents.
C.To recall the growth of his kids.
D.To show the value of being a parent.
11.How does the author mainly feel about fatherhood？（　　）
A.Fearful. B.Stressed.
C.Proud. D.Amused.
D
　　People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs， such as eye contact， length of responses and the details in what people say， but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying.Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
　　To test this idea， researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock （模仿的） crime.Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.
　　Next， the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive （欺騙的） interviews from these recordings， ranking interviewees’ eye contact and detail level.The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted （轉移） their gaze a similar amount， but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones， suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
　　The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the interviews.Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify liars.The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in answers on a scale of 1 to 10， with 6 or above counting as truthful.Those using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59％ of the time， while those relying solely on detail achieved 66％.
　　“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth，” says Verschuere.“Nevertheless， in the real world， you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements through extra investigations or follow-up questions.”
12.Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that 　　　　.（　　）
A.behavioural information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B.it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements
C.truth-tellers and liars shared something in common when performing the task
D.people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
13.What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4？（　　）
A.Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.
B.Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth-tellers.
C.It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.
D.Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.
14.What did Verschuere think of the real-life application of his research？（　　）
A.It had no potential market.
B.It made no sense.
C.It could be perfectly applied.
D.It had some limitations.
15.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　）
A.To introduce readers to the classification of lies.
B.To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C.To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
D.To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Teenage years are one of the most exciting yet confusing stages in a person’s life.You are no longer a child， yet not quite an adult.16.（　　） One of them is your pastime.
　　Some pastimes have no moral implications.For example， shall we play basketball or soccer？17.（　　） Some examples include attending a party where there will be alcohol and drugs freely given out， lying to your parents or even skipping school to watch a movie with some friends.How do you respond？ Will you follow them？
　　Wanting to feel part of a group may force you to do things against your better judgement.However， it is okay to say no to anything that is illegal， or potentially causes harm or is hurtful to you or others.18.（　　） But you do not let that stop you from standing up to peer pressure and being true to yourself.If your friends are true friends， they will respect your decision and not force you to join them.
　　There are some steps you may take to keep away from negative peer pressure.Firstly， stay away from friends who force you to do things that you know are wrong.Instead， spend more time with friends who share the same value as you.19.（　　） And if a situation gets out of hand， do not hesitate to approach an adult you trust for help.
　　It may not always be easy to resist peer pressure， but do know that you will feel good about yourself later.And even without you realizing it， you may have been a catalyst in your group to bring about a positive change.20.（　　）
A.This is when you form a new habit of making friends.
B.Next， be true to yourself and stick to what you believe in.
C.You are at a time of exploration， trying to find out your preferences.
D.These peers no longer have the ability to develop their own personality.
E.You may be afraid to refuse for fear of losing friends or being laughed at.
F.However， there are other choices that need to be made based on your values in life.
G.Others in your group may just follow your lead and gain courage to do the right thing.
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你校交換生Chris對你上周參加的志愿者活動很感興趣，發來郵件向你詢問相關情況。請你給他回一封郵件，內容包括：
　　1.活動介紹；
　　2.你的收獲。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位青少年的善舉。
1.D　細節理解題。根據John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida部分中的He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.可知，孔雀噴泉建在一個公園里，是為了紀念Elizabeth Buckley。
2.B　細節理解題。根據Barrett Smith， 13， Utah部分中的Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.可知，Barrett為Karma自行車商店捐贈自行車。
3.C　推理判斷題。文中John Michael Thomas為紀念朋友建造孔雀噴泉，Barrett Smith為車店捐贈自行車，Zachary Blohm為建大操場籌集資金，Jack Zimmerman為減少饑餓兒童而組織活動。由此可推斷出，這四個人都很有愛心，他們的共同點是關心他人。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。說謊是人類的天性，文章通過對不同年齡的孩子進行實驗告訴我們，撒謊意味著正常的成長。
4.B　細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句可知，說謊是人的本性。
5.C　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.可知，Kang Lee認為撒謊意味著正常的成長。
6.A　細節理解題。根據第三段中的They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.可知，試驗中孩子們被要求斷定隱藏著的玩具的名稱。
7.D　詞義猜測題。根據第四段第二句可知，畫線詞所在句講述的是撒謊的孩子的比例，由此推斷畫線詞所在句意為“在兩歲的孩子中，只有30％的孩子說謊了”。因此畫線詞mendacious意為“說謊的”，與untruthful同義。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者探討了為人父母，特別是作為一個父親應盡的義務和應擔負的責任以及作為一個父親的重大意義和價值。
8.A　詞義猜測題。根據第二段第二句及第四句可知，養育子女沒有全面的指導手冊，希望你的丈夫或妻子能幫助你向著正確的方向前進。據此推斷，畫線短語所在句表示有時候你會出錯。由此可猜測，screw up意為“把……弄糟；出錯”，與mess up意思相近。
9.C　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.可知，作者認為管教孩子是愛的一種表現。
10.D　推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，父親的角色賦予了生命無與倫比的意義，對我們很多人來說，為人父母很可能是一種抗抑郁劑，你的孩子總是會以這樣或那樣的方式需要你。由此推斷，作者提到父母為孩子所做的事情是為了說明做父母的重要性。
11.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，作者認為自己作為父親為孩子們做的事情很重要，是家庭延續不可缺少的一部分，有著不可估量的價值。由此推斷，作者為自己的父親身份感到自豪。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。阿姆斯特丹大學的布魯諾·維蘇耶雷和他的同事們進行了一項研究，以證實只依靠陳述的細節來識別說謊者是相對容易的。
12.B　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，布魯諾·維蘇耶雷和他的同事們進行這項研究是想證實只依靠陳述的細節來識別說謊者是相對容易的。
13.A　細節理解題。根據第三、四段內容可知，研究結果顯示，說真話的人和說謊者回避目光的程度相似，但真實的陳述比欺騙性的陳述包含更多的細節。
14.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，維蘇耶雷指出在現實世界中，你可能需要通過額外的調查或后續問題來確認陳述的準確性，即他認為他的研究應用于現實生活中會有一些局限性。
15.C　寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了評估范圍廣泛的行為信息會讓判斷一個人是否在撒謊變得更加困難，阿姆斯特丹大學的布魯諾·維蘇耶雷和他的同事們進行了一項研究，以證實只依靠陳述的細節來識別說謊者是相對容易的。由此可推知，作者寫本文的主要目的是告知讀者關于識別說謊者的科學發現。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青少年時期的一些特點以及遠離消極同伴壓力的方法。
16.C　上文提到了青少年時期是最令人困惑的階段之一，且下文提到了消遣，因此本句旨在說明這一階段的特點，C項（你處在一個探索的時期，試圖找出自己的喜好）符合語境。
17.F　上文提到了不涉及道德判斷的消遣，下文的例子則是關于道德判斷的。由此可知，設空處應承上啟下，F項符合語境，與上文構成轉折關系，并引出下文的例子。
18.E　根據上文可知，想要融入群體可能會迫使你做一些違背自己正確判斷的事情，下文則提到這并不會阻止你做真實的自己。由此可推測，本句旨在說明你因為害怕失去朋友或被嘲笑而不敢拒絕。故E項符合語境。
19.B　上文提到的是遠離消極同伴壓力的第一點措施，本句應說明遠離消極同伴壓力的第二點措施，故B項（其次，忠于自己的想法并堅持自己所相信的）符合語境。
20.G　上文提到：你可能已經成為團隊中的催化劑，帶來了積極的改變。G項（團隊中的其他人可能會跟隨你的領導并有勇氣做正確的事情）符合語境，指出帶來的具體改變。
Ⅲ.
Dear Chris，
　　Glad to receive your email asking about the voluntary activity I took part in last week.I’ll tell you some details about it.
　　Our school organized a voluntary activity to help the elderly in the local nursing home， and I got actively involved， talking with the old people and trying my best to amuse them.Looking at their smiling faces， I believe I’ve made a difference to their lives.I also realized the importance of having family close by.I made up my mind that I would spend more time with my grandparents.
Yours，
Li Hua
6 / 6Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
寫一篇表達對“善意的謊言”理解的文章
　　本單元要求寫一篇表達對“善意的謊言”理解的文章，屬于表達觀點類議論文。表達觀點類議論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發表意見、提出主張的文體。在寫作時，主要通過擺事實、講道理使讀者接受作者的觀點。寫作步驟是：第一段開門見山，描述現象或表明立場，提出自己的觀點。中間段落說理論證自己的觀點。為了使論證的層次更清晰，可以使用to begin with、what’s more、besides、in addition等銜接性的詞語。最后一段再次表達自己的觀點。具體寫作結構為：
一、寫作常用詞匯
1.lie vi.& n.　　　　　　　撒謊，謊言
2.awful adj. 糟糕的
3.avoid vt. 避免
4.honest adj. 誠實的
5.truth n. 事實，真相
6.forgive vt. 原諒，寬恕
7.hurt vt. 傷害
8.a crisis of trust 信任危機
9.warmth and encouragement 溫暖和鼓勵
10.contribute to 有助于
11.the depressing situation 沮喪的現狀
12.feel cheated 感到被欺騙
二、寫作常用句式（注意加黑部分的表達）
1.What’s the difference between a white lie and a lie？
善意的謊言和謊言之間有什么不同？
2.White lies refer to the little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.
善意的謊言指的是我們為了保護他人不被真相所傷害而撒的小謊。
3.We tell a friend his new haircut is cool even if we think it’s awful.
我們告訴朋友他的新發型很酷，即使我們認為它很糟糕。
4.Telling a white lie can not only avoid hurting others’ feelings， but it has also magic power to give people much warmth and encouragement.
說善意的謊言不僅可以避免傷害別人的感情，而且它還有魔力，可以給人很多溫暖和鼓勵。
5.Telling white lies contributes to keeping others from being affected by our depressing situation.
說善意的謊言有助于讓別人不受我們沮喪處境的影響。
6.People being lied to may feel cheated and depressed.
被騙的人可能會感到被欺騙和沮喪。
7.If a white lie is discovered， it can lead to a crisis of trust and possibly damage the relationship.
如果善意的謊言被發現，可能會導致信任危機，并可能損害關系。
8.When we tell a white lie， we had better take into consideration what the occasion at that time is and what the result it brings about.
當我們說善意的謊言時，我們最好考慮到當時的情況和它會帶來的結果。
9.So I hold the idea that it is necessary to tell white lies in some special situations.
所以我認為在某些特殊情況下說一些善意的謊言是必要的。
10.White lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more harmonious place.
善意的謊言是無害和有用的，它們使這個世界成為一個更和諧的地方。
　　假定你是李華，今天你班同學就“是否應該對得了不治之癥的病人說善意的謊言”的話題展開討論，同學們意見不一致。請你根據以下要點寫一篇文章。
　　1.反對說善意的謊言的同學的觀點及理由；
　　2.支持說善意的謊言的同學的觀點及理由；
　　3.你的觀點。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一步：審題謀篇，合理布局
第二步：遣詞造句，規范得體
◎核心詞匯
1.告知某人某事　　　　　　　　　　
2.事實，真相 　　　　　　　　
3.作出決定 　　　　　　　
4.可以接受的 　　　　　　　　
5.失去希望 　　　　　　　　
6.使情況更糟糕 　　　　　　　　
7.取決于 　　　　　　　　
8.積極的態度 　　　　　　　　
◎遣詞造句
1.如果一個病人得了不治之癥，他/她是否應該被告知真相？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.有些學生反對。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.他們堅持認為，病人應該被告知他們病情的真相，以便他們能夠根據自己的健康狀況作出適當的決定。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.與上述觀點相反，一些學生認為善意的謊言是可以接受的。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.他們擔心一旦被告知病情，病人可能會失去希望，這將使情況變得更糟。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.在我看來，人們是否應該說善意的謊言取決于病人是什么樣的人。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.如果病人有強烈的生存意志和積極的態度，告訴他們真相將有助于治療。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第三步：詞句升級，彰顯文采
1.用定語從句合并句2和句3
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.用非限制性定語從句改寫句5
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：檢查謄寫，連句成篇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【即時演練】　
　　假定你是李華，你的英國筆友Anne雖不喜歡朋友送的節日禮物，但仍對朋友說非常喜歡，因此感到不安。她發來郵件詢問你對“善意的謊言”的看法和理解，請你給她回復一封郵件。內容包括：
　　1.舉例說明什么是“善意的謊言”；
　　2.解釋人們說“善意的謊言”的原因；
　　3.提出建議。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
Dear Anne，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
【典例體驗·提素能】
第二步
核心詞匯
1.inform sb of sth　2.truth　3.make a decision/decisions
4.acceptable　5.lose hope　6.make the situation worse
7.depend on　8.positive attitudes
遣詞造句
1.If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？
2.Some students are against it.
3.They insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
4.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.
5.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， and this will make the situation worse.
6.In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.
7.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.
第三步
1.Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
2.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
第四步
　　If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？ Today our class have a discussion about it.
　　Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
　　In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.But if the patient is the opposite， we had better not do so.
即時演練
Dear Anne，
　　I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now.What’s a white lie？ For instance， when someone cooks a meal for us that we dislike， we lie and say that the food is delicious.That is a white lie.
　　One main reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel better and another one is to give encouragement.If your friend asks you what you think of his singing， perhaps he wants some comments from you so that he can make himself improved gradually.But you may give him some encouragement and build up his confidence by telling a white lie.Besides， we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.Therefore， we may find white lies are well intended.So why not smile at a white lie？
Yours，
Li Hua
4 / 4(共74張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
寫一篇表達對“善意的謊言”理解的文章
1
寫作指導·增底蘊
目 錄
2
典例體驗 · 提素能
3
課時檢測·提能力
寫作指導·增底蘊
儲備寫作素材
1
　　本單元要求寫一篇表達對“善意的謊言”理解的文章，屬于表達
觀點類議論文。表達觀點類議論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發表
意見、提出主張的文體。在寫作時，主要通過擺事實、講道理使讀者
接受作者的觀點。寫作步驟是：第一段開門見山，描述現象或表明立
場，提出自己的觀點。中間段落說理論證自己的觀點。為了使論證的
層次更清晰，可以使用to begin with、what’s more、besides、in
addition等銜接性的詞語。最后一段再次表達自己的觀點。具體寫作結
構為：
一、寫作常用詞匯
1. lie vi.& n. 撒謊，謊言
2. awful adj. 糟糕的
3. avoid vt. 避免
4. honest adj. 誠實的
5. truth n. 事實，真相
6. forgive vt. 原諒，寬恕
7. hurt vt. 傷害
8. a crisis of trust 信任危機
9. warmth and encouragement 溫暖和鼓勵
10. contribute to 有助于
11. the depressing situation 沮喪的現狀
12. feel cheated 感到被欺騙
二、寫作常用句式（注意加藍部分的表達）
1. What’s the difference between a white lie and a lie？
善意的謊言和謊言之間有什么不同？
2. White lies refer to the little lies that we tell to protect others from the
truth.
善意的謊言指的是我們為了保護他人不被真相所傷害而撒的小謊。
3. We tell a friend his new haircut is cool even if we think it’s awful.
我們告訴朋友他的新發型很酷，即使我們認為它很糟糕。
4. Telling a white lie can not only avoid hurting others’ feelings， but
it has also magic power to give people much warmth and
encouragement.
說善意的謊言不僅可以避免傷害別人的感情，而且它還有魔力，可
以給人很多溫暖和鼓勵。
5. Telling white lies contributes to keeping others from being affected
by our depressing situation.
說善意的謊言有助于讓別人不受我們沮喪處境的影響。
6. People being lied to may feel cheated and depressed.
被騙的人可能會感到被欺騙和沮喪。
7. If a white lie is discovered， it can lead to a crisis of trust and possibly
damage the relationship.
如果善意的謊言被發現，可能會導致信任危機，并可能損害關系。
8. When we tell a white lie， we had better take into consideration what
the occasion at that time is and what the result it brings about.
當我們說善意的謊言時，我們最好考慮到當時的情況和它會帶來的
結果。
9. So I hold the idea that it is necessary to tell white lies in some special
situations.
所以我認為在某些特殊情況下說一些善意的謊言是必要的。
10. White lies are harmless and useful and they make this world a more
harmonious place.
善意的謊言是無害和有用的，它們使這個世界成為一個更和諧的
地方。
典例體驗 · 提素能
點撥寫作技法
2
　　2. 支持說善意的謊言的同學的觀點及理由；
　　3. 你的觀點。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
　　假定你是李華，今天你班同學就“是否應該對得了不治之癥
的病人說善意的謊言”的話題展開討論，同學們意見不一致。請
你根據以下要點寫一篇文章。
　　1. 反對說善意的謊言的同學的觀點及理由；
2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一步：審題謀篇，合理布局
第二步：遣詞造句，規范得體
◎核心詞匯
1. 告知某人某事
2. 事實，真相
3. 作出決定
4. 可以接受的
5. 失去希望
6. 使情況更糟糕
7. 取決于
8. 積極的態度
inform sb of sth　
truth　
make a decision/decisions　
acceptable　
lose hope　
make the situation worse　
depend on　
positive attitudes　
◎遣詞造句
1. 如果一個病人得了不治之癥，他/她是否應該被告知真相？


2. 有些學生反對。

If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be
informed of the truth？
Some students are against it.
3. 他們堅持認為，病人應該被告知他們病情的真相，以便他們能夠根
據自己的健康狀況作出適當的決定。



4. 與上述觀點相反，一些學生認為善意的謊言是可以接受的。


They insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their
illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their
health.
Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white
lie is acceptable.
5. 他們擔心一旦被告知病情，病人可能會失去希望，這將使情況變得
更糟。


6. 在我看來，人們是否應該說善意的謊言取決于病人是什么樣的人。


They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose
their hope， and this will make the situation worse.
In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on
what kind of person the patient is.
7. 如果病人有強烈的生存意志和積極的態度，告訴他們真相將有助于
治療。


If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling
them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.
第三步：詞句升級，彰顯文采
1. 用定語從句合并句2和句3



2. 用非限制性定語從句改寫句5


Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be
informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper
decisions according to their health.
They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose
their hope， which will make the situation worse.
第四步：檢查謄寫，連句成篇
　　

　　





　　 　If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be
informed of the truth？ Today our class have a discussion about it.　
　　 　Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be
informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper
decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above belief， some
students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that once
told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will
make the situation worse.　
　　



　　 　In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends
on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live
and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the
treatment.But if the patient is the opposite， we had better not do so.　
【即時演練】　
　　假定你是李華，你的英國筆友Anne雖不喜歡朋友送的節日禮物，
但仍對朋友說非常喜歡，因此感到不安。她發來郵件詢問你對“善意
的謊言”的看法和理解，請你給她回復一封郵件。內容包括：
　　1. 舉例說明什么是“善意的謊言”；
　　2. 解釋人們說“善意的謊言”的原因；
　　3. 提出建議。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
Dear Anne，
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
參考范文：
Dear Anne，
　　I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now.What’s a white
lie？ For instance， when someone cooks a meal for us that we dislike，
we lie and say that the food is delicious.That is a white lie.
　　One main reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel better
and another one is to give encouragement.If your friend asks you what you
think of his singing， perhaps he wants some comments from you so that
he can make himself improved gradually.But you may give him some
encouragement and build up his confidence by telling a white
lie.Besides， we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others
from bad news.Therefore， we may find white lies are well intended.So
why not smile at a white lie？
Yours，
Li Hua
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Don’t ignore the difference teenagers can make.
　　John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida
　　When John Michael Thomas decided to honor his friend and
classmate Elizabeth Buckley， who died from cancer， he remembered
how much she loved peacocks （孔雀）.He wanted to build a life-sized
peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of
his friend.He thought it could be a place for people to relax and be
inspired.John Michael raised 52，000 to build the fountain.
　　The wheels began to turn for Barrett Smith when he heard about
Karma Bike Shop， a place where young people can earn free bikes by
reading and performing community service.
　　Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and
repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.
　　He expected to get about 10 donated bikes.In the end， Barrett
received 39.
　　Barrett Smith， 13， Utah
　　Zachary Blohm， 15， Wisconsin
　　The 25-year-old playground at an elementary school near
Milwaukee， Wisconsin was so small that only 70 of its 575 students
could play on it at a time.
　　That’s when Zachary Blohm saved the day （扭轉局面）.He and
some volunteers wanted to build a huge playground.To raise money，
Zachary planned T-shirt and bake sales， sold tickets and more.He held
monthly money-raising events for more than a year.Overall， he
collected 130，000 — enough to finish his project.
　　For some people， finding a meal is as simple as opening the
refrigerator.For more than 366，000 hungry kids in New Jersey， it’s
not that easy.
　　That fact didn’t sit well with Jack Zimmerman， who organized a
drive to lessen childhood hunger in his state.His goal： Create 40，000
packaged meals that could be donated to those in need.
　　On game day， Jack and his volunteers started their work.After the
final count， the team had packaged 47，124 meals — well above
Jack’s goal.
　　Jack Zimmerman， 16， New Jersey
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位青少年的善
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位青少年的善舉。
1. The peacock fountain was built in a park 　　　.（　　）
A. to encourage people
B. to cure a cancer sufferer
C. to protect the animals
D. to cherish the memory of a teenager
解析：　細節理解題。根據John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida
部分中的He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in
Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.可知，
孔雀噴泉建在一個公園里，是為了紀念Elizabeth Buckley。
2. What did Barrett do for Karma Bike Shop？（　　）
A. He repaired bikes there.
B. He donated bikes to it.
C. He helped it win customers.
D. He offered a reading service there.
解析：　細節理解題。根據Barrett Smith， 13， Utah部分中的
Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and
repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.可知，Barrett為Karma
自行車商店捐贈自行車。
3. What do the four people have in common？（　　）
A. They’re top students.
B. They like various public activities.
C. They are concerned about others.
D. They are money raisers for the poor.
解析：　推理判斷題。文中John Michael Thomas為紀念朋友建造
孔雀噴泉，Barrett Smith為車店捐贈自行車，Zachary Blohm為建大
操場籌集資金，Jack Zimmerman為減少饑餓兒童而組織活動。由此
可推斷出，這四個人都很有愛心，他們的共同點是關心他人。
B
　　（2024·江蘇揚州高二統考期中）The history of humankind is
littered with crafty and seasoned liars.Lying， it turns out， is something
that most of us are highly skilled in.We lie with ease， in ways big and
small， to strangers， co-workers， friends， and loved ones.Being
dishonest is woven into our very fabric， so that it would be truthful to say
that to lie is human.
　　Like learning to walk and talk， lying is something of a
developmental milestone.While parents often find their children’s lies
troubling — for they signal the beginning of a loss of innocence — Kang
Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a
comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.
　　To study lying in children， Lee and his colleagues use a simple
experiment.They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their
view， based on an audio clue.The sound played has nothing to do with
the toy.“So you play Beethoven， but the toy’s a car，” Lee
explains.The experimenter leaves the room， using the excuse of taking a
phone call — a lie for the sake of science — and asks the child not to peek
at the toy.Returning， the experimenter asks the child for the answer，
following up with the question：“Did you peek or not？”
　　Most children can’t resist peeking.The percentage of the children
who peek and then provide false statements about it depends on their
age.Among two-year-old， only 30 per cent are mendacious.Among
three-year-old， 50 per cent lie.And by eight， about 80 per cent claim
they didn’t peek.
　　What drives this increase in lying is the development of a child’s
ability to put himself or herself in someone else’s shoes.Known as theory
of mind， this is the facility we acquire for understanding the beliefs，
intentions， and knowledge of others.What then might be the best way to
block the rapid advance of untruths into our lives？ The answer isn’t
clear.Technology has opened up a new frontier for dishonesty， adding a
21st-century twist to the age-old problem.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。說謊是人類的天性，文章通過對不
同年齡的孩子進行實驗告訴我們，撒謊意味著正常的成長。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。說謊是人類的天性，文章通過對不
同年齡的孩子進行實驗告訴我們，撒謊意味著正常的成長。
4. What can we learn about the human tendency to lie？（　　）
A. It is a rare occurrence.
B. It is part of human nature.
C. It emerges in adulthood.
D. It results from human greed.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句可知，說謊是人
的本性。
5. Which statement will Kang Lee probably agree with？（　　）
A. Children who lie are more likely to fail.
B. Parents should prevent children from lying.
C. Lying in children suggests a normal growth.
D. Lying is a sign of a child’s loss of innocence.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.可知，Kang Lee認為撒謊意味著正常的成長。
6. What were the children asked to do in the experiment？（　　）
A. Determine the names of the hidden items.
B. Provide false statements about their actions.
C. Hide toys from the view of the experimenter.
D. Guess the link between toys and sound clues.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段中的They ask kids to guess the
identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.可
知，試驗中孩子們被要求斷定隱藏著的玩具的名稱。
7. What does the underlined word “mendacious” in Paragraph 4
mean？（　　）
A. Cooperative. B. Trustworthy.
C. Irresponsible. D. Untruthful.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第四段第二句可知，畫線詞所在句講
述的是撒謊的孩子的比例，由此推斷畫線詞所在句意為“在兩歲的
孩子中，只有30％的孩子說謊了”。因此畫線詞mendacious意為
“說謊的”，與untruthful同義。
C
　　Not every man is cut out to be a father.If the thought of fatherhood
fills you with fear， maybe it isn’t for you or maybe it’s a sign that you
take the responsibility of fatherhood seriously.
　　As a parent， you are always going to have to trust your instincts
（本能）.There’s no comprehensive rule book on parenting.You’ll
screw up sometimes.Hopefully， your husband or wife will be there to
nudge （鼓勵） you in the right direction.And， as in many other aspects
of life， doing the right thing will rarely make you popular.Your kids will
need limits and discipline， and some days they will get angry with you
for it.But the kids know on some level that they need limits and that the
responsible parent who is setting and enforcing them is doing so because
he or she cares.It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything
they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.
　　Certainly， we can find meaning in a lot of places in life.But for
most of us who have seen the emergence of a small baby， fatherhood
gives life unparalleled meaning.Parenthood， for a lot of us， may well
be an antidepressant — not because you always feel good， but because
you no longer have any time to sit around feeling bad.Your kids will
always need you in one way or another — first for bottle-feeding， then as
fellow pretend superheroes and to apply Band-Aids to skinned knees， and
then， when they are teenagers， as a free personal Uber service or，
once in a great while， for unexpected deep talks about the meaning of life.
　　I know what I did with my kids day after day， night after night，
year over year， mattered so much.I won’t pretend to have everything
figured out about life， but I did figure out the immeasurable value in
being one link in a great chain of family， stretching back to our ancestors
and continuing into the future， into whatever the world throws at us next.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者探討了為人父母，特別是作為
一個父親應盡的義務和應擔負的責任以及作為一個父親的重大意義
和價值。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者探討了為人父母，特別是作為
一個父親應盡的義務和應擔負的責任以及作為一個父親的重大意義
和價值。
8. What does the underlined phrase “screw up” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Mess up. B. Feel down.
C. Stay strong. D. Get inspired.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第二段第二句及第四句可知，養
育子女沒有全面的指導手冊，希望你的丈夫或妻子能幫助你向
著正確的方向前進。據此推斷，畫線短語所在句表示有時候你
會出錯。由此可猜測，screw up意為“把……弄糟；出錯”，
與mess up意思相近。
9. Which statement will the author probably agree with？（　　）
A. Parenting books are essential for parents.
B. Strict parents are popular with their kids.
C. Disciplining kids is a way to show love.
D. Kids seldom understand parents’ intentions.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第二段中的It’s the children whose
parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts
about whether they are really loved.可知，作者認為管教孩子是愛的
一種表現。
10. Why does the author mention the things a parent does for kids in
Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. To share some parenting tips.
B. To stress the difficulty of parents.
C. To recall the growth of his kids.
D. To show the value of being a parent.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第三段內容可知，父親的角色賦予
了生命無與倫比的意義，對我們很多人來說，為人父母很可能是
一種抗抑郁劑，你的孩子總是會以這樣或那樣的方式需要你。由
此推斷，作者提到父母為孩子所做的事情是為了說明做父母的重
要性。
11. How does the author mainly feel about fatherhood？（　　）
A. Fearful. B. Stressed.
C. Proud. D. Amused.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，作者認為自己
作為父親為孩子們做的事情很重要，是家庭延續不可缺少的一部
分，有著不可估量的價值。由此推斷，作者為自己的父親身份感
到自豪。
D
　　People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs， such as eye
contact， length of responses and the details in what people say， but
studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information
can make it harder to decide if someone is lying.Bruno Verschuere at the
University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely
focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
　　To test this idea， researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or
steal from a mock （模仿的） crime.Students were instructed to lie if
they committed the fake theft.
　　Next， the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and
six deceptive （欺騙的） interviews from these recordings， ranking
interviewees’ eye contact and detail level.The results revealed that both
truth-tellers and liars averted （轉移） their gaze a similar amount， but
truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones，
suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
　　The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six
truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the
interviews.Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify
liars.The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in
answers on a scale of 1 to 10， with 6 or above counting as truthful.Those
using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59％ of the time，
while those relying solely on detail achieved 66％.
　　“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to
judge lies from the truth，” says Verschuere.“Nevertheless， in the real
world， you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements
through extra investigations or follow-up questions.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。阿姆斯特丹大學的布魯諾·維蘇耶
雷和他的同事們進行了一項研究，以證實只依靠陳述的細節來識別
說謊者是相對容易的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。阿姆斯特丹大學的布魯諾·維蘇耶
雷和他的同事們進行了一項研究，以證實只依靠陳述的細節來識別
說謊者是相對容易的。
12. Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to
confirm that 　　　　.（　　）
A. behavioural information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B. it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of
statements
C. truth-tellers and liars shared something in common when performing
the task
D. people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，布魯諾·維蘇耶
雷和他的同事們進行這項研究是想證實只依靠陳述的細節來識別
說謊者是相對容易的。
13. What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4？（　　）
A. Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive
ones.
B. Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth-tellers.
C. It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like
eye contact.
D. Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth
faultlessly.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三、四段內容可知，研究結果顯
示，說真話的人和說謊者回避目光的程度相似，但真實的陳述比
欺騙性的陳述包含更多的細節。
14. What did Verschuere think of the real-life application of his research？
（　　）
A. It had no potential market.
B. It made no sense.
C. It could be perfectly applied.
D. It had some limitations.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容可知，維蘇耶雷指
出在現實世界中，你可能需要通過額外的調查或后續問題來確
認陳述的準確性，即他認為他的研究應用于現實生活中會有一
些局限性。
15. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　）
A. To introduce readers to the classification of lies.
B. To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C. To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
D. To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
解析：　寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了評估范
圍廣泛的行為信息會讓判斷一個人是否在撒謊變得更加困難，阿
姆斯特丹大學的布魯諾·維蘇耶雷和他的同事們進行了一項研
究，以證實只依靠陳述的細節來識別說謊者是相對容易的。由此
可推知，作者寫本文的主要目的是告知讀者關于識別說謊者的科
學發現。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Teenage years are one of the most exciting yet confusing stages in a
person’s life.You are no longer a child， yet not quite an adult.16.
（　　） One of them is your pastime.
　　Some pastimes have no moral implications.For example， shall we
play basketball or soccer？17.（　　） Some examples include attending
a party where there will be alcohol and drugs freely given out， lying to
your parents or even skipping school to watch a movie with some
friends.How do you respond？ Will you follow them？
　　Wanting to feel part of a group may force you to do things against
your better judgement.However， it is okay to say no to anything that is
illegal， or potentially causes harm or is hurtful to you or others.18.
（　　） But you do not let that stop you from standing up to peer
pressure and being true to yourself.If your friends are true friends， they
will respect your decision and not force you to join them.
　　There are some steps you may take to keep away from negative peer
pressure.Firstly， stay away from friends who force you to do things that
you know are wrong.Instead， spend more time with friends who share
the same value as you.19.（　　） And if a situation gets out of hand，
do not hesitate to approach an adult you trust for help.
　　It may not always be easy to resist peer pressure， but do know that
you will feel good about yourself later.And even without you realizing
it， you may have been a catalyst in your group to bring about a positive
change.20.（　　）
A. This is when you form a new habit of making friends.
B. Next， be true to yourself and stick to what you believe in.
C. You are at a time of exploration， trying to find out your preferences.
D. These peers no longer have the ability to develop their own personality.
E. You may be afraid to refuse for fear of losing friends or being laughed at.
F. However， there are other choices that need to be made based on your
values in life.
G. Others in your group may just follow your lead and gain courage to do
the right thing.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青少年時期的一些
特點以及遠離消極同伴壓力的方法。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青少年時期的一些
特點以及遠離消極同伴壓力的方法。
16. C　上文提到了青少年時期是最令人困惑的階段之一，且下文提
到了消遣，因此本句旨在說明這一階段的特點，C項（你處在一個探
索的時期，試圖找出自己的喜好）符合語境。
17. F　上文提到了不涉及道德判斷的消遣，下文的例子則是關于道德
判斷的。由此可知，設空處應承上啟下，F項符合語境，與上文構成
轉折關系，并引出下文的例子。
18. E　根據上文可知，想要融入群體可能會迫使你做一些違背自己
正確判斷的事情，下文則提到這并不會阻止你做真實的自己。由此可
推測，本句旨在說明你因為害怕失去朋友或被嘲笑而不敢拒絕。故E
項符合語境。
19. B　上文提到的是遠離消極同伴壓力的第一點措施，本句應說明
遠離消極同伴壓力的第二點措施，故B項（其次，忠于自己的想法并
堅持自己所相信的）符合語境。
20. G　上文提到：你可能已經成為團隊中的催化劑，帶來了積極的
改變。G項（團隊中的其他人可能會跟隨你的領導并有勇氣做正確的
事情）符合語境，指出帶來的具體改變。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　假定你是李華，你校交換生Chris對你上周參加的志愿者活動
很感興趣，發來郵件向你詢問相關情況。請你給他回一封郵件，
內容包括：
　　1. 活動介紹；
　　2. 你的收獲。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
參考范文：
Dear Chris，
　　Glad to receive your email asking about the voluntary activity I took
part in last week.I’ll tell you some details about it.
　　Our school organized a voluntary activity to help the elderly in the
local nursing home， and I got actively involved， talking with the old
people and trying my best to amuse them.Looking at their smiling faces，
I believe I’ve made a difference to their lives.I also realized the
importance of having family close by.I made up my mind that I would
spend more time with my grandparents.
Yours，
Li Hua
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