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Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
維度一：基礎題型練
單句語法填空。
1.She must have done something wrong， because she’s looking so 　　　　　　（guilt）.
2.My parents took lots of 　　　　　　（photographer） of us when we were small.
3.　　　　　　 honest a person is he that you can turn to him for help when you are in trouble.
4.I was a little nervous at first， but everyone was so nice and friendly 　　　　　　I soon stopped worrying.
5.When we stood 　　　　　　we used to play， we couldn’t help thinking of our happy old days.
6.We should protect our environment from being polluted 　　　　　　that our next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life.
7.We’re going to hold a charity show tomorrow.You can join us 　　　　　　you have no idea what to do for the weekend.
8.One can always manage to do more things 　　　　　　/no matter 　　　　　　full his schedule is in life.
9.How did you feel 　　　　　　you saw the terrible accident happening in front of you？
10.The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times 　　　　　　it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.
維度二：語法與寫作
根據漢語提示完成下列句子。
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I will be free for almost three months.
隨著暑假的臨近，我將有幾乎三個月的空閑時間。
2.I won’t go to attend his wedding 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
除非他邀請我，否則我是不會去參加他的婚禮的。
3.It is 　　　　　　　　　　　　we all want to go to the park.
天氣如此晴朗，以至于我們都想去公園。
4.We’ll start our meeting on time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
無論他來還是不來，我們都將準時開會。
5.The girl stood at the door 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
女孩站在門口，似乎在等人。
維度三：語法與語篇
閱讀下面短文，用適當的連詞填空。
　　My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1.　　　　　　 I was doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework 2.　　　　　　 the door bell rang.However， my sister unlocked the door 3.　　　　　 I could open it.We were surprised the moment we saw her 4.　　　　　 her clothes and face were terribly dirty.5.　　　　　　 we didn’t know what had happened to her， we stood there and waited for my sister’s story.We wouldn’t leave 6.　　　　　　 my sister told us all about it.7.　　　　　　 my sister got changed， she told us that she fell into a ditch（溝） 8.　　　　　　 she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside.She couldn’t get out of the ditch.9.　　　　　　 she cried for help loudly， no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it， but 10.　　　　　　 hard she tried， she failed to escape from it.11.　　　　　　 time went by， she got worried.
　　After several vain attempts she had to stand 12.　　　　　　 she was and waited 13.　　　　　 a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did 14.　　　　　　 the boy told， and she came out.
　　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　It was a Sunday night.I circled the neighbourhood a few times， looking for a place to leave my car.Finally， I found one a block south of my house.It was behind a late-model Jeep.I tried to back into the space， but I failed to see the angles clearly.I heard it before I felt it， the sound of plastic on plastic， like a sheet of sandpaper along the surface of a painted piece of wood.I got out of my car to check the damage.My car was unharmed.However， there were two distinct lines on the Jeep.
　　Then I noticed a woman， walking her dog， who was now photographing me with her phone.“I hope you’re not planning to drive away，” she said quietly.Until then， I was annoyed with myself for having been so careless， but now， I was mad with her for taking my picture.“How dare she？”I thought.She had no respect for my privacy.
　　And how dare she assume I would do the wrong thing？ But soon I calmed down because I knew she wasn’t entirely incorrect.I’d made no decision to drive away without leaving a note， but I’d be lying if I said the idea hadn’t flashed across my mind.It was dark， and aside from her no one was watching.It happens all the time — the hit-and-run in the parking lot.
　　We all have those desires to behave selfishly， to go against the social contract； it is not the thought but what we do with it that counts.It is the commitment to take responsibility， to care for one another， and to think about the greater good that makes this world a better place to stay.The choice to own up was left to me.I left a note with my name and phone number under the wiper blade （雨刮器） of the Jeep.
1.What happened to the author on that Sunday night？（　　）
A.He knocked down someone.
B.He got hurt in a car accident.
C.He hit a parked car accidentally.
D.He failed to find a parking space.
2.Why did the author feel angry with the woman？（　　）
A.She blocked his view on purpose.
B.She spoke to him in a very rude way.
C.She photographed him without permission.
D.She refused to take responsibility for her faults.
3.What does the underlined part “own up” in the last paragraph mean？（　　）
A.Admit. B.Occupy.
C.Disappear. D.Refuse.
4.What does the author intend to tell us through his story？（　　）
A.Everyone makes mistakes.
B.Always do the right thing.
C.Avoid conflicts with others.
D.Apologizing sincerely matters.
B
　　89-year-old Derlin Newey， who lives in the Roy area of Utah， has supplemented （補充） his Social Security income for a little over a year by delivering food for Papa John’s Pizza.When Newey delivered a large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a conversation， Gladys was completely pleased.
　　“He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine，” Gladys told her husband， Carlos Valdez about Newey.Carlos was so taken with Newey’s friendliness and high passion — and the fact that he was delivering pizza at his age — that he decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page.Thousands of people donated and it all added up to more than $12，000.
　　Then came the surprise delivery.When Newey opened the door to his mobile home， Carlos was standing there holding an empty pizza box， which he had stuffed with an envelope full of all the cash.Newey was flabbergasted， and his eyes filled with tears.Since the initial fundraiser that brought in $12，000， people have donated $8，000 more for Newey.
　　Newey， a retired salesman， typically works about 30 hours a week， Mondays through Saturdays delivering pizza.As a native of Utah’s Ogden area， he spent 26 years living in Gridley， California， and working for National Merchandising， and he also earned a bachelor’s degree from Brigham Young University.Young Newey was a competitive skier， and he later taught skiing； about four years ago， he gave up skiing because it became too difficult physically.
　　Even if Newey didn’t need the extra income， he said， he would still do his delivery job because he loves it.“Oh， fantastic，” he said about his job.“I love the people I’m working with， and I love having pleasant conversations and making friends with people.The beautiful children — you should see the smiles on their faces when they say，‘Oh， we’re going to have pizza tonight！’ That’s worth more than the money I make.”
5.What did Gladys think of Newey？（　　）
A.Reserved and sensitive.
B.Enthusiastic and sociable.
C.Disciplined and thoughtful.
D.Ambitious and hard-working.
6.How did Carlos help Newey？（　　）
A.By delivering pizza for him.
B.By raising money online for him.
C.By ordering more pizza from him.
D.By making good comments about him.
7.What does the underlined word “flabbergasted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Extremely shocked. B.Severely depressed.
C.Pretty frightened. D.Rather annoyed.
8.What can we learn about Newey from the last two paragraphs？（　　）
A.He turned down Carlos’ help.
B.He dreamed of being a ski coach.
C.He received a poor education.
D.He found the delivery job worthwhile.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　When choosing to add a pet to the family， you may spend more time focusing on the joy and happiness you expect your new pet will bring.9.（　　） Though there is no true definition of a responsible pet parent， these are a few widely accepted tips to help you create a happy， healthy life for your furry friends.
　　Food and shelter
　　10.（　　） Your pets will need continuous access to clean water， healthy and nutritious food， and shelter from the elements （惡劣的天氣）.Cats and dogs will live healthier， happier， more rewarding lives when they are treated as full members of the family， living side-by-side with you in your homes.
　　Healthcare
　　Regular preventive care is key to helping your pet live a long and healthy life.It’s best to establish a relationship with a veterinarian （獸醫） to help keep you on track with regular check-ups and vaccinations （接種疫苗）.11.（　　） When the time has come， your veterinarian can help you keep your pet comfortable， pain-free， and loved， and guide you in making decisions on end-of-life care.
　　Training and socialization
　　Behavioral issues are the number one reason why animals are abandoned to shelters， so training and socializing your pets helps make sharing your homes with them much easier.For example， a dog who has been trained in basic obedience （服從） knows what behaviors are acceptable and what is expected of him.12.（　　）
　　Love
　　This may be the most important responsibility of all.13.（　　） They are companions who depend on you for their care.They are in tune with you and live for your happiness.Responsible pet parents work hard to do the same for them.
A.Your pets are not possessions you own.
B.Your pets need to stay in shape just like you do.
C.Animal overpopulation is a real issue all over the world.
D.An established relationship with a veterinarian can also be helpful as your pet ages.
E.Providing your pet with the basic necessities of life should go without saying.
F.While that’s true， they also come with a set of duties that everyone should consider.
G.This can help him be more cooperative， comfortable， and confident in the home environment.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Recently， I had one unpleasant but lucky day.My morning started out with a grouchy （愛發脾氣的） kid who couldn’t be 　14　， whatever I tried to do for him.When I got in my car to take him to 　15　， I realized my gas tank was close to 　16　.To make matters worse， the traffic was unbearable.I felt 　17　.
　　After I filled up my tank and dropped the little one off to daycare， I headed to my favourite restaurant， 　18　 my favourite meal， went to the cashier， and then something 　19　 happened — my debit card （借記卡） was declined.I told the cashier that she must have run my card wrong and to 　20　 it again， only for the screen to read DECLINED again.My heart 　21　.
　　I immediately 　22　 my phone and called the bank number.Out of nowhere， this amazing woman came up behind me， hugged me， and 　23　 my lunch.I explained to her that I did have money when she 　24　 me and said，“You can pay me back by paying it forward.Have a good day.”
　　I was 　25　！ I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real life， and someone just 　26　！ My heart was full， and I couldn’t believe how someone who didn’t even know me could do such a thing for a 　27　！
　　Right then and there， I told myself that I was going to pay it forward.I was going to create in my child a spirit of 　28　， gratitude， and show him what paying it forward was all about.
14.（　）A.moved B.discouraged
C.satisfied D.annoyed
15.（　）A.school B.daycare
C.hospital D.town
16.（　）A.new B.full
C.huge D.empty
17.（　）A.terrible B.scared
C.curious D.ashamed
18.（　）A.shared B.prepared
C.ordered D.showed
19.（　）A.unrecognizable B.uncertain
C.unknown D.unexpected
20.（　）A.demand B.adopt
C.try D.purchase
21.（　）A.opened B.sank
C.slowed D.hurt
22.（　）A.locked B.grabbed
C.answered D.connected
23.（　）A.picked up B.took away
C.put back D.paid for
24.（　）A.followed B.stopped
C.reached D.checked
25.（　）A.confused B.amazed
C.concerned D.determined
26.（　）A.saved my day B.changed my mind
C.met my request D.caught my eye
27.（　）A.stranger B.friend
C.neighbour D.customer
28.（　）A.bravery B.patience
C.honesty D.kindness
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Over thousands of years， the Chinese have created brilliant culture and meanwhile formed our own moral code.This is what we call the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation， which are still of great 29.　　　　　　 （significant） today and whose value to the development of human civilization has been 30.　　　　　　 （general） recognized.
　　One of these traditional virtues is honesty， and “Zengzi kills the pig” is a well-known story about this valuable quality.Zengzi， a student of Confucius， was a person 31.　　　　　　 was upright and always kept his promise.One day， when Zengzi’s wife was about 32.　　　　　　 （go） to the market， her little son started making a scene 33.　　　　　 he insisted on going with her.To calm him down， she persuaded him into 34.　　　　　　 （stay） at home with a prize： killing their pig for him to eat when she returned.When she got back from the market， she saw Zengzi was 35.　　　　　　 his way to kill the pig and tried to stop him.Zengzi said，“If you deceive （欺騙） him this time， he will not believe in you any more.” In the end， the pig 36.　　　　　　 （kill）.With his own conduct， Zengzi taught his son to be 37.　　　　　　 （faith） to his word.
Despite the passage of time， honesty is still honored as a mainstream value and has appeared in countless 38.　　　　　　 （tale） throughout China’s history.
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.guilty　2.photographs　3.So　4.that　5.where　6.so　7.since/now that　8.however； how　9.when　10.before
維度二
1.As the summer vacation is approaching　2.unless he invites me　3.such fine weather that　4.whether he comes or not　5.as if she was waiting for someone
維度三
1.while/when　2.than　3.before　4.because　5.Since/As
6.unless　7.After　8.when/while　9.Although/Though/While
10.however　11.As　12.where　13.until　14.as
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述了自己不小心剮蹭一輛車后，主動留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向讀者傳達人人都應該為自己做錯的事情承擔責任的道理。
1.C　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，那天晚上，作者倒車時不小心蹭了一輛泊在車位上的吉普車。
2.C　細節理解題。根據第二段中的a woman ... photographing me with her phone ...She had no respect for my privacy可知，那位女士未經作者允許就拍了作者的照片，作者認為這侵犯了他的隱私。
3.A　詞義猜測題。根據上文可知，作者剮蹭了別人的車，此處應該是指作者決定“承認”自己的過失，下文作者留下自己姓名和電話的行為是作者承擔責任的具體表現。
4.B　主旨大意題。作者在最后一段指出，人人都應該按照社會契約行事，愿意承擔責任、關愛他人、為大局著想，世界才會更美好。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。熱心的Carlos通過TikTok為89歲的披薩外賣員Newey籌到2萬多美元的善款作為生活補給。
5.B　觀點態度題。根據第一段中的When Newey delivered a large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a conversation和第二段中Gladys所說的He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine可知，Newey在Gladys的眼里是一個熱情、善于交際的人。
6.B　細節理解題。根據第二段中的he decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page可知，Carlos通過在網上籌集資金來幫助Newey。
7.A　詞義猜測題。根據第三段開頭的the surprise delivery和Carlos帶來的善款以及畫線詞后面的his eyes filled with tears可推知，Newey 大吃一驚，滿眼淚水。故畫線詞flabbergasted意為“非常震驚”。
8.D　細節理解題。根據最后一段中Newey所說的話可知，Newey喜歡送披薩這份工作，喜歡和顧客聊天、交朋友，喜歡看到孩子們拿到披薩時臉上洋溢的笑容。這些在他看來更有價值和意義。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了寵物主人應該承擔的幾項責任。
9.F　設空處前一句指出：在決定要養寵物時，你可能更關注你認為新寵物會帶來的快樂和幸福。F項（雖然這是真的，但它們也會帶來一系列每個人都應該考慮的職責）符合語境，與上文構成轉折關系。F項中第一個that指代上文描述的情況。
10.E　根據本段小標題“食物和住所”可知，E項（為寵物提供基本生活必需品是理所當然的）符合語境。E項中的basic necessities of life與小標題相呼應。
11.D　上文說明了寵物主人最好與獸醫建立關系。下文指出：到了那個時候，你的獸醫能為你提供幫助，讓你的寵物覺得舒適、遠離痛苦、感到被愛，指導你作出有關臨終關懷的決定。故D項（隨著寵物年齡的增長，與獸醫建立關系也會有所幫助）符合語境。
12.G　設空處前一句指出：舉例來說，接受過基本服從訓練的狗了解什么行為是主人可以接受的，也清楚主人對它的期望。G項（這可以幫助它在家庭環境中更加樂于合作、感到舒適、充滿自信）緊承上文，符合語境。G項中的This指代設空處前描述的情況。
13.A　上文說明了愛可能是最重要的一項責任。下文指出了它們是需要你照顧的伙伴；它們能夠理解你；它們以你的幸福為生活目標。負責任的寵物主人會努力為它們做同樣的事情。A項（你的寵物不是你的財產）符合語境。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。陌生人的慷慨幫助讓作者懂得把愛傳遞下去。
14.C　根據該空前的a grouchy （愛發脾氣的） kid可知，“我”的孩子易怒，不管“我”做什么，都無法滿足他。
15.B　根據第二段中的dropped the little one off to daycare可知，“我”上車準備帶孩子去托兒所。
16.D　根據第二段中的I filled up my tank可知，“我”的油箱幾乎空了。
17.A　根據上文的描述可知，“我”一大早就遇到很多不順心的事情，因此“我”感到很糟糕。
18.C　根據該空后的my favourite meal， went to the cashier可知，“我”點了最喜歡吃的飯菜，然后去了收銀臺。
19.D　根據下文my debit card （借記卡） was declined可知，這是意想不到的事情。
20.C　根據該空前的she must have run my card wrong可知，“我”告訴收銀員，她一定是操作不當，讓她再試一次。
21.B　根據該空前的the screen to read DECLINED again可知，當屏幕又一次顯示“我”的卡不能支付時，我感到很沮喪。
22.B　根據該空后的called the bank number可知，“我”立刻抓起手機，撥打了銀行的電話。
23.D　根據下文You can pay me back by paying it forward.可知，這位女士替“我”付了款。
24.B　根據該空后的and said可知，這位女士打斷“我”，并且對“我”說：“你可以通過把愛傳遞下去來回報我。祝你今天過得愉快。”
25.B　根據該空后的I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real life可知，“我”很驚訝。
26.A　根據上文的描述可知，這位女士幫了“我”的大忙。
27.A　根據該空前的who didn’t even know me可知，“我”對那位女士來說是一個陌生人。
28.D　根據上文的描述以及該空后的gratitude可知，“我”要把孩子培養成一個善良且懂得感恩的人。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一則中國傳統故事：曾子殺豬。
29.significance　考查詞形轉換。設空處為“of＋抽象名詞”結構，該結構在句中充當形容詞的作用，故填significance。
30.generally　考查詞形轉換。設空處在句中作狀語，修飾recognized，應用副詞，故填generally。
31.who/that　考查定語從句。設空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a person，且在從句中作主語，故填who/that。
32.to go　考查非謂語動詞。be about to do sth表示“即將/正要做某事”，故填to go。
33.and　考查連詞。根據語境可知，設空處前后兩句為并列句，故填and。
34.staying　考查非謂語動詞。設空處作介詞into的賓語，應用動詞-ing形式，故填staying。
35.on　考查介詞。on one’s way to do sth為固定搭配，意為“在去做某事的路上”。
36.was killed　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。the pig與kill之間為被動關系，應用被動語態，且根據語境可知，設空處應用一般過去時，故填was killed。
37.faithful　考查詞形轉換。設空處在句中作表語，表示“忠實的，守信的”，故填形容詞faithful。
38.tales　考查名詞復數。tale為可數名詞，意為“故事”，在此表泛指，且前面有countless修飾，故填tales。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
狀語從句復習
閱讀下列句子并體會加黑部分連詞的用法。
1.He knew that if he came back， he could help advance science in China.
2.When he had to go away on business， he always chose the midnight flight so that he did not miss any work in the daytime.
3.Huang excelled where he was working and made substantial contributions to his country.
4.Since he spent so much time on work， he was unable to see his family very often.
5.In fact， he worked so hard that he did not pay enough attention to his own health.
6.Although he spent many years in the UK，Huang’s heart never left his homeland.
【我的發現】
（1）句1是 　　　　狀語從句；
（2）句2是 　　　　狀語從句；
（3）句3是 　　　　狀語從句；
（4）句4是 　　　　狀語從句；
（5）句5是 　　　　狀語從句；
（6）句6是 　　　　狀語從句。
　　狀語從句在主從復合句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前時，常用逗號與主句隔開；放在主句之后時，一般不用逗號。狀語從句按其意義和作用一般可分為時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結果狀語從句、方式狀語從句、比較狀語從句和地點狀語從句九種。
一、時間狀語從句
1.when、while與as引導的時間狀語從句
連詞 從句謂語動詞 用法
when 延續性動詞或非延續性動詞 從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發生，也可以先后發生
while 延續性動詞 從句的動作與主句的動作同時發生
as 延續性動詞 強調主從句動作相伴發生，意為“一邊……一邊……；隨著”
When I was at school， I loved history.
我上學時就喜歡歷史。
While I played the piano， my elder sister did her homework.
我彈鋼琴時，姐姐做她的家庭作業。
As it gets warmer and warmer， the trees begin to come to life.
隨著天氣越來越暖和，樹木開始有了生機。
2.before與since引導的時間狀語從句
連詞 詞義 常用句式
before 在……之前；還未……就……；……才……；趁……；還沒來得及…… it will be＋一段時間＋before ...“過……（時間）才……”
it won’t be long before ... “不久就……”
it was＋一段時間＋before ...“過了……（時間）才……”
since 自從……以來 it is/has been＋一段時間＋since ...（從句用一般過去時）“自從……以來已經有……（時間）了”
It will be half a year before I come back.
要過半年我才能回來。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
用不了多久我們就會再見面。
It was three days before he came back.
三天后他才回來。
It is/has been ten years since the criminal was arrested.
那名罪犯被捕已經十年了。
3.表示“一……就……”含義的詞（短語）引導的時間狀語從句
（1）引導時間狀語從句，且表示“一……就……”含義的詞或短語有as soon as、the moment、the minute、the instant、immediately、directly、instantly、hardly/scarcely ...when、no sooner ...than ...等。
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.
吃完早飯，我將立即到那里去。
We will leave the minute you are ready.
你一準備好，我們就出發。
（2）在hardly/scarcely ...when、no sooner ...than ...中，主句應用過去完成時，從句應用一般過去時；當no sooner ...和hardly/scarcely ...置于句首時，主句要部分倒裝。
Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一聽到這個消息就哭了。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我們剛到火車站火車就開走了。
4.until與till引導的時間狀語從句
（1）until與till引導時間狀語從句的區別
連詞 位置 用法
until 可以放在句首 not ...until可用于強調句
till 不可放在句首 一般不用于強調句
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我們沿著河邊散步，一直走到天黑。
It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
直到教授來了，我們才開始實驗。
（2）not until置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
直到看到禮物她才感到高興。
（3）until/till用于肯定句時，表示“直到……為止”，主句的謂語動詞是延續性動詞；用于否定句時，表示“直到……才”，主句的謂語動詞是非延續性動詞。
They waited until/till I returned.
他們一直等著，直到我回來。
He didn’t know anything about it until/till I told him.
直到我告訴他，他才知道這件事。
5.引導時間狀語從句的其他常見連詞（短語）
（1）其他常見的引導時間狀語從句的連詞（短語）還有after、whenever、every time、each time、next time、the first/last time、any time、by the time、the day/year等。
Every time I express an opinion， she always argues back.
每當我發表意見時，她總是反駁。
（2）by the time引導的時間狀語從句如果用一般現在時，主句則用將來完成時；如果用一般過去時，主句則用過去完成時。
By the time you come back， we will have finished the job.
到你回來的時候，我們將已經完成了這項工作。
By the time we got there， the rain had stopped.
我們到那里時，雨已經停了。
【即時演練1】　單句語法填空
①Over time， 　　　　　　the population grew， people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
②If you miss this chance， it may be years 　　　　　　you get another one.
③As far as I know， it is not 　　　　　　he returns home every evening that his mother will go to bed.
④Hardly/No sooner had we got to the destination 　　　　　　we set out to do some volunteer work there.
二、地點狀語從句和條件狀語從句
1.地點狀語從句
地點狀語從句常由where、 wherever等引導，從句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。where與wherever 意義基本相同，但后者語氣較強，多用于書面語。
Where there is a will， there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Put the money wherever we can see it.
把錢放在任何我們能看見的地方。
2.條件狀語從句
引導條件狀語從句的常見從屬連詞（短語）有if、only if、unless、as/so long as、in case、once、on condition that、provided/providing （that）、supposing/suppose （that）、assuming that等。
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力學習，否則你會考試不及格。
Supposing that they refuse us， who else can we turn to for help？
假如他們拒絕了我們，我們還能求助于誰呢？
3.在條件狀語從句中，用一般現在時代替一般將來時，一般過去時代替過去將來時。
In case there is a fire， what will we do first？
萬一發生火災，我們首先做什么？
三、原因狀語從句和目的狀語從句
1.because/as/since/now （that）引導的原因狀語從句
連詞（短語） 位置 內涵 語氣 能否回答why 能否被強調
because 主句前或后 直接原因 強 能 能
as 主句前或后 雙方都知道的原因 弱 不能 不能
since/now （that） 通常位于主句前
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.
那位老人讓露西坐到另一把椅子上，因為他想挨著他的妻子坐。
I can’t go with you， as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去，因為我有很多工作要做。
Now that/Since everyone is here， we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在這兒，我們可以開始討論了。
2.in order that 引導的目的狀語從句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引導的從句通常置于主句之后。目的狀語從句中常含有can、could、may、might等情態動詞。
My old father began to study computer at the age of sixty so that he might keep up with times.
我的老父親六十歲時開始學習電腦，以便跟上時代的步伐。
3.for fear that/in case引導目的狀語從句時，從句一般要用虛擬語氣，即謂語用“（should＋）動詞原形”。
He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he （should） forget it.
他把名字寫下來以免忘記。
【即時演練2】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， please e-mail me.
如果你對中國民間藝術感興趣，請發郵件給我。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　， he carried a notebook around with him.
不管走到哪里，他都隨身攜帶一個筆記本。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， you must learn to stand on your own two feet.
你既然已經長大成人，就必須學會獨立生活。
④She’s very strict — we don’t dare to say a word 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她很嚴厲——如果她不要求，我們連一句話也不敢說。
四、結果狀語從句
1.引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞有so that、so ...that ...、 such ...that ...。在非正式語體中，由so ...that ...、such ...that ...引導的句子中的that可以省略，其結構為：
so＋＋that從句
such＋＋that從句
Everybody lent a hand so that the work was finished ahead of time.
由于大家幫忙，所以工作提前完成了。
Our English teacher explains English grammar so clearly that all the students can understand it.
我們的英語老師把英語語法解釋得如此清晰，以至于所有的學生都能理解。
There are so many things in the shop that it is difficult to know what to buy.
商店里的東西太多，不知道買什么好。
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
邁克是一個如此誠實的工人，以至于我們都信任他。
2.為了強調形容詞和副詞，當so或such之后，that之前的內容置于句首時，主句要用倒裝語序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult questions.
他是一個如此聰明的學生，以至于能夠解出所有難題。
五、讓步狀語從句
1.although、though、as與while引導的讓步狀語從句
（1）although引導讓步狀語從句時，只能用正常語序；though引導讓步狀語從句時，可用正常語序，也可用倒裝語序； as也可以引導讓步狀語從句，常用于倒裝句型，即要把從句中作表語的名詞或形容詞、作狀語的副詞或作謂語的實義動詞置于句首，若表語是單數可數名詞，前置時要省略冠詞。
Although/Though he may be troubled， he always presents a calm smiling face.
盡管他可能會遇到麻煩，但他總是露出平靜的微笑。
Much as/though I have traveled， I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
雖然我已經去過很多地方，但我從未見過像約翰這么能干的人。
Child as/though he was， he helped me a lot.
盡管他是個孩子，他卻幫助我很多。
Try as/though he might， he could not open the door.
不管他怎樣努力，他還是不能打開那個門。
（2）although與though都可以與yet、still連用，但不能和but連用。
（3）while引導讓步狀語從句時，一般置于句首。
While I admit that there are problems， I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.
盡管我承認有問題存在，但我不同意這些問題不能解決。
2.even if與even though引導的讓步狀語從句
even if與even though表示“即使，縱然”，引導讓步狀語從句時，可用虛擬語氣，也可用陳述語氣。
I’ll do it， even if/though it takes me all the afternoon.
我要做這件事，即使它花去我整個下午的時間。
3.“no matter＋疑問詞”與“疑問詞＋-ever”引導的讓步狀語從句
（1）“no matter＋疑問詞”相當于“疑問詞＋-ever”，二者都可以引導讓步狀語從句。
Don’t trust him， no matter what/whatever he says.
無論他說什么都不要相信他。
（2）whoever、whatever、whomever、whichever還可以引導名詞性從句，但“no matter＋疑問詞”不可以。
4.whether ...or （not） ...引導的讓步狀語從句
We’ll go on with the work， whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.
不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項工作做下去。
六、其他狀語從句
狀語從句類型 從屬連詞
方式狀語從句 as、 as if、as though
比較狀語從句 as ...as、not as/so ...as、比較級＋than
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那個老太太對待那個男孩就好像他是她的親生兒子一樣。
He is taller than any other student in our school.
他比我們學校的任何一個學生都高。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①Poor 　　　　　　they are， they still do their best to help those homeless children.
②　　　　　　/No matter 　　　　　　angry you feel， you shouldn’t shout at your children.
③He earned so little money 　　　　　　he couldn’t support his family.
④He acted as 　　　　　　he hadn’t heard any of it.
⑤Even 　　　　　　I were in your place， I wouldn’t take the job.
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
resign vt.& vi.辭職，辭去；聽任，順從
【教材原句】　Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to China to work at Jilin University in Changchun.最終，他辭去了在英國的職位，回到中國，在長春的吉林大學工作。
【用法】
（1）resign from　　　　　從……辭職 resign as 辭去（某職務） resign one’s post/position 辭職 resign oneself to 聽任，順從，只好接受，使自己安于…… （2）resignation n. 辭職；辭呈；辭職信 a letter of resignation 一封辭職信
【佳句】　He resigned from the company in order to take a more challenging job.他從這家公司辭職以便能夠從事更有挑戰性的工作。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①At sixteen， I resigned myself 　　　　　　the fact that I’d never be a dancer.
②Ten years ago， he resigned 　　　　　　a company in Beijing and went to Shenzhen to set up his own company.
③Yesterday Mr Smith went into the manager’s office with a letter of 　　　　　　（resign）.
【寫美】　完成句子
④I 　　　　　　　　　　　　this morning.
我今天上午提交了辭職信。
ashamed adj.慚愧，羞愧，尷尬
【教材原句】　I was so ashamed of myself.我為自己感到羞愧。
【用法】
（1）be/feel ashamed of sb/sth　　　　為某人/某事感到羞愧 be ashamed to do sth 恥于做某事；因慚愧而不情愿做某事 （2）shame n.　　羞愧；羞愧感；讓人遺憾的事 vt. 使羞愧；使丟臉 to one’s shame　　　　令某人慚愧的是 it’s a shame that/to do ... 真可惜…… （3）shameful adj. 可恥的；丟臉的 shameless adj. 無恥的；沒廉恥的
【佳句】　She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.
她對自己在聚會上的行為深感羞愧。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We are often ashamed 　　　　　　our shortcomings， our mistakes and our failures.
②It is 　　　　　　（shame） to break school rules from time to time.
③　　　　　　 her shame， she gained back all the weight she’d lost.
④That is the only French phrase I mastered， and it’s 　　　　　　shame that I don’t have much use for it.
【寫美】　翻譯句子
⑤我真不好意思說我向她撒了謊。（ashamed）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
forgive vt.& vi.（forgave， forgiven） 原諒，寬恕；免除（債務）
【教材原句】　I hope my fans can forgive me.我希望我的粉絲們能原諒我。
【用法】
（1）forgive sb sth　　　　原諒某人某事 forgive one’s doing sth 原諒某人做了某事 forgive sb for （doing） sth原諒某人（做了）某事 forgive and forget 摒棄前嫌，不念舊惡 （2）forgiveness n. 原諒，寬恕 ask/beg/pray for （sb’s） forgiveness 請求/祈求（某人的）寬恕
【佳句】　I’ll never forgive her for what she did.我絕不會原諒她做的事。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Forgive me 　　　　　　interrupting， but I really don’t agree with that.
②Guilty and ashamed， he came into his teacher’s office to beg for his 　　　　　　（forgive）.
【寫美】　完成句子
③Although Chinese families 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I suggest you should arrive on time.雖然中國家庭會原諒你遲到，但我建議你要準時到達。
disappointed adj.失望的，沮喪的
【教材原句】　Frankly speaking， I was disappointed but I smiled as broadly as I could.
說實話，我是失望的，但我還是盡量讓自己笑容滿面。
【用法】
（1）be disappointed at/by sth　對某事感到失望 be disappointed in/with sb 對某人感到失望 be disappointed to find/see/hear ...失望地發現/看到/聽說…… （2）disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人沮喪的 （3）disappoint vt. 使人失望 （4）disappointment n. 失望；讓人失望的人或事 in disappointment 失望地 to one’s disappointment 使某人失望的是
【佳句】　They were bitterly disappointed at the result of the game.
他們對比賽結果極為失望。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①His refusal to come to our English evening party was very 　　　　　　（disappoint）.
②We were all disappointed 　　　　　　　　（learn） that the picnic had been cancelled.
③To his great 　　　　　　（disappoint）， his car broke down on the way to the beach.
④There was a 　　　　　　（disappoint） look on David’s face when he knew he didn’t pass the driving test.
【寫美】　完成句子
⑤She tried her hardest not to show 　　　　　　　　　.她竭力不流露出自己有多失望。
pretend vi.& vt.假裝；裝扮，扮作；自詡，自認為
【教材原句】　Then I walked away， pretending not to have heard anything.
然后我走開了，假裝什么也沒聽到。
【用法】
pretend to be＋名詞/形容詞　假裝是…… pretend to do sth 假裝要做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假裝正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假裝已做過某事 pretend （to sb） that 假裝……
【佳句】　She opened a book， pretending to read， with tears dropping on the open page.
她打開一本書，假裝在看書，眼淚掉在打開的那一頁上。 （讀后續寫之心理描寫）
【點津】　pretend后接動詞不定式時，一定要注意動詞不定式時態的變化。根據句意可用一般式、進行式或完成式。類似用法的動詞還有happen、appear、seem、claim等。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①She pretended 　　　　　　　　（be） dead when she met a bear and succeeded in escaping from being attacked.
②In order not to be punished， he pretended 　　　　　　　　（know） the answer to the maths problem already.
③She pretended 　　　　　　　　（listen） to the manager， but actually she was thinking about something else.
【寫美】　句式升級
④She pretended she didn’t know me when we met in the street， which really upset me.
→She 　　　　　　　　　　　　when we met in the street， which really upset me.
Part Ⅱ　中頻詞匯特訓
guilty adj.感到內疚的，感到慚愧的；有罪的，有過失的
【教材原句】　Lily was not happy about the photos， though.“I was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans，” she said.
不過，莉莉對這些照片并不滿意。“我感到內疚，因為我欺騙了我的粉絲，”她說。
【用法】
（1）feel guilty about/at　　　對……感到內疚 （2）be guilty of （doing） sth 犯有……錯誤的；犯有……罪行的
【佳句】　I still feel guilty about things I said to my mother when I was a teenager.我至今還在為我十幾歲時對媽媽講的話感到內疚。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I feel really guilty 　　　　　　forgetting her birthday again.
②The evidence shows that the man is guilty 　　　　　　robbing the bank.
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
（1）條件　（2）時間　（3）地點　（4）原因　（5）結果
（6）讓步
即時演練1
①as/when 　②before　③until　④when/than
即時演練2
①If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art
②Wherever he went　③Now that/Since you’ve grown up
④unless she asks us to
即時演練3
①as/though　②However； how　③that　④if
⑤if/though
【核心知識·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to　②from　③resignation　④handed in my resignation
2.①of　②shameful　③To　④a　⑤I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.
3.①for　②forgiveness
③will forgive you for your being late
4.①disappointing　②to learn　③disappointment
④disappointed　⑤how disappointed she was
5.①to be　②to have known　③to be listening
④pretended not to know me
Part Ⅱ
　①about/at　②of
10 / 10(共112張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
核心知識·巧突破
3
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法 · 要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
狀語從句復習
閱讀下列句子并體會加藍部分連詞的用法。
1. He knew that if he came back， he could help advance science in
China.
2. When he had to go away on business， he always chose the midnight
flight so that he did not miss any work in the daytime.
3. Huang excelled where he was working and made substantial
contributions to his country.
4. Since he spent so much time on work， he was unable to see his family
very often.
5. In fact， he worked so hard that he did not pay enough attention to his
own health.
6. Although he spent many years in the UK，Huang’s heart never left
his homeland.
【我的發現】
（1）句1是 狀語從句；
（2）句2是 狀語從句；
（3）句3是 狀語從句；
（4）句4是 狀語從句；
（5）句5是 狀語從句；
（6）句6是 狀語從句。
條件　
時間　
地點　
原因　
結果　
讓步　
　　狀語從句在主從復合句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動詞、形容
詞或副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前時，常用逗號與主句隔開；
放在主句之后時，一般不用逗號。狀語從句按其意義和作用一般
可分為時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、讓步狀語
從句、目的狀語從句、結果狀語從句、方式狀語從句、比較狀語
從句和地點狀語從句九種。
一、時間狀語從句
1. when、while與as引導的時間狀語從句
連詞 從句謂語動詞 用法
when 延續性動詞或非
延續性動詞 從句的動作和主句的動作可以同時發
生，也可以先后發生
while 延續性動詞 從句的動作與主句的動作同時發生
as 延續性動詞 強調主從句動作相伴發生，意為“一
邊……一邊……；隨著”
我上學時就喜歡歷史。
While I played the piano， my elder sister did her homework.
我彈鋼琴時，姐姐做她的家庭作業。
As it gets warmer and warmer， the trees begin to come to life.
隨著天氣越來越暖和，樹木開始有了生機。
When I was at school， I loved history.
2. before與since引導的時間狀語從句
連詞 詞義 常用句式
be
fo
re 在……之前；還未…………； ……才……；
趁……；還沒來得及…… it will be＋一段時間＋before ...“過……（時間）才……”
it won’t be long before ... “不久就……”
it was＋一段時間＋before ...“過了……（時間）才……”
si
nc
e 自從……以
來 it is/has been＋一段時間＋since ...（從句用一般過去時）“自從……以來已經有……（時間）了”
It will be half a year before I come back.
要過半年我才能回來。
It won’t be long before we meet again.
用不了多久我們就會再見面。
It was three days before he came back.
三天后他才回來。
It is/has been ten years since the criminal was arrested.那名罪犯被捕已
經十年了。
3. 表示“一……就……”含義的詞（短語）引導的時間狀語從句
（1）引導時間狀語從句，且表示“一……就……”含義的詞或短
語有as soon as、the moment、the minute、the instant、
immediately、directly、instantly、hardly/scarcely ...when、
no sooner ...than ...等。
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.
吃完早飯，我將立即到那里去。
We will leave the minute you are ready.
你一準備好，我們就出發。
（2）在hardly/scarcely ...when、no sooner ...than ...中，主句應
用過去完成時，從句應用一般過去時；當no sooner ...和
hardly/scarcely ...置于句首時，主句要部分倒裝。
Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.
他一聽到這個消息就哭了。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我們
剛到火車站火車就開走了。
4. until與till引導的時間狀語從句
（1）until與till引導時間狀語從句的區別
連詞 位置 用法
until 可以放在句首 not ...until可用于強調句
till 不可放在句首 一般不用于強調句
We walked along the river until/till it was dark.
我們沿著河邊散步，一直走到天黑。
It was not until the professor came that we began the experiment.
直到教授來了，我們才開始實驗。
（2）not until置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。
Not until she saw the present did she feel happy.
直到看到禮物她才感到高興。
（3）until/till用于肯定句時，表示“直到……為止”，主句的謂語
動詞是延續性動詞；用于否定句時，表示“直到……才”，
主句的謂語動詞是非延續性動詞。
They waited until/till I returned.
他們一直等著，直到我回來。
He didn’t know anything about it until/till I told him.直到我
告訴他，他才知道這件事。
5. 引導時間狀語從句的其他常見連詞（短語）
（1）其他常見的引導時間狀語從句的連詞（短語）還有after、
whenever、every time、each time、next time、the first/last
time、any time、by the time、the day/year等。
Every time I express an opinion， she always argues back.每當
我發表意見時，她總是反駁。
（2）by the time引導的時間狀語從句如果用一般現在時，主句則用
將來完成時；如果用一般過去時，主句則用過去完成時。
By the time you come back， we will have finished the job.
到你回來的時候，我們將已經完成了這項工作。
By the time we got there， the rain had stopped.
我們到那里時，雨已經停了。
【即時演練1】　單句語法填空
①Over time， the population grew， people began cutting
food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.
②If you miss this chance， it may be years you get another
one.
③As far as I know， it is not he returns home every evening that
his mother will go to bed.
④Hardly/No sooner had we got to the destination we set
out to do some volunteer work there.
as/when
before　
until　
when/than　
二、地點狀語從句和條件狀語從句
1. 地點狀語從句
地點狀語從句常由where、 wherever等引導，從句可以放在主句
前，也可以放在主句后。where與wherever 意義基本相同，但后者
語氣較強，多用于書面語。
Where there is a will， there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Put the money wherever we can see it.
把錢放在任何我們能看見的地方。
2. 條件狀語從句
引導條件狀語從句的常見從屬連詞（短語）有if、only if、unless、
as/so long as、in case、once、on condition that、provided/providing
（that）、supposing/suppose （that）、assuming that等。
You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard.
除非你努力學習，否則你會考試不及格。
Supposing that they refuse us， who else can we turn to for help？
假如他們拒絕了我們，我們還能求助于誰呢？
3. 在條件狀語從句中，用一般現在時代替一般將來時，一般過去時代
替過去將來時。
In case there is a fire， what will we do first？
萬一發生火災，我們首先做什么？
三、原因狀語從句和目的狀語從句
1. because/as/since/now （that）引導的原因狀語從句
連詞 （短語） 位置 內涵 語氣 能否回
答why 能否被
強調
because 主句前或后 直接原因 強 能 能
as 主句前或后 雙方都知道
的原因 弱 不能 不能
since/now
（that） 通常位于主
句前
The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to
sit next to his wife.
那位老人讓露西坐到另一把椅子上，因為他想挨著他的妻子坐。
I can’t go with you， as I have a lot of work to do.
我不能和你一起去，因為我有很多工作要做。
Now that/Since everyone is here， we can begin our discussion.
既然大家都在這兒，我們可以開始討論了。
2. in order that 引導的目的狀語從句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that
引導的從句通常置于主句之后。目的狀語從句中常含有can、
could、may、might等情態動詞。
My old father began to study computer at the age of sixty so that he
might keep up with times.
我的老父親六十歲時開始學習電腦，以便跟上時代的步伐。
3. for fear that/in case引導目的狀語從句時，從句一般要用虛擬語氣，
即謂語用“（should＋）動詞原形”。
He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he （should） forget it.
他把名字寫下來以免忘記。
【即時演練2】　完成句子
① ， please e-mail me.
如果你對中國民間藝術感興趣，請發郵件給我。
② ， he carried a notebook around with him.
不管走到哪里，他都隨身攜帶一個筆記本。
③ ， you must learn to stand on
your own two feet.
你既然已經長大成人，就必須學會獨立生活。
If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art　
Wherever he went　
Now that/Since you’ve grown up　
④She’s very strict — we don’t dare to say a word
.
她很嚴厲——如果她不要求，我們連一句話也不敢說。
unless she asks us
to　
四、結果狀語從句
1. 引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞有so that、so ...that ...、
such ...that ...。在非正式語體中，由so ...that ...、
such ...that ...引導的句子中的that可以省略，其結構為：
so＋＋that從句
such＋＋that從句
Everybody lent a hand so that the work was finished ahead of time.
由于大家幫忙，所以工作提前完成了。
Our English teacher explains English grammar so clearly that all the
students can understand it.
我們的英語老師把英語語法解釋得如此清晰，以至于所有的學生都
能理解。
There are so many things in the shop that it is difficult to know what to
buy.
商店里的東西太多，不知道買什么好。
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.
＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.
邁克是一個如此誠實的工人，以至于我們都信任他。
2. 為了強調形容詞和副詞，當so或such之后，that之前的內容置于句
首時，主句要用倒裝語序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the
difficult questions.
他是一個如此聰明的學生，以至于能夠解出所有難題。
五、讓步狀語從句
1. although、though、as與while引導的讓步狀語從句
（1）although引導讓步狀語從句時，只能用正常語序；though引導
讓步狀語從句時，可用正常語序，也可用倒裝語序； as也可
以引導讓步狀語從句，常用于倒裝句型，即要把從句中作表
語的名詞或形容詞、作狀語的副詞或作謂語的實義動詞置于
句首，若表語是單數可數名詞，前置時要省略冠詞。
Although/Though he may be troubled， he always presents a
calm smiling face.
盡管他可能會遇到麻煩，但他總是露出平靜的微笑。
Much as/though I have traveled， I have never seen anyone
who’s as capable as John.
雖然我已經去過很多地方，但我從未見過像約翰這么能干
的人。
Child as/though he was， he helped me a lot.
盡管他是個孩子，他卻幫助我很多。
Try as/though he might， he could not open the door.
不管他怎樣努力，他還是不能打開那個門。
（2）although與though都可以與yet、still連用，但不能和but連用。
（3）while引導讓步狀語從句時，一般置于句首。
While I admit that there are problems， I don’t agree that they
cannot be solved.
盡管我承認有問題存在，但我不同意這些問題不能解決。
2. even if與even though引導的讓步狀語從句
even if與even though表示“即使，縱然”，引導讓步狀語從句時，
可用虛擬語氣，也可用陳述語氣。
I’ll do it， even if/though it takes me all the afternoon.
我要做這件事，即使它花去我整個下午的時間。
3. “no matter＋疑問詞”與“疑問詞＋-ever”引導的讓步狀語從句
（1）“no matter＋疑問詞”相當于“疑問詞＋-ever”，二者都可
以引導讓步狀語從句。
Don’t trust him， no matter what/whatever he says.
無論他說什么都不要相信他。
（2）whoever、whatever、whomever、whichever還可以引導名詞性
從句，但“no matter＋疑問詞”不可以。
4. whether ...or （not） ...引導的讓步狀語從句
We’ll go on with the work， whether we can find the necessary tools
or we cannot.
不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項工作做下去。
六、其他狀語從句
狀語從句類型 從屬連詞
方式狀語從句 as、 as if、as though
比較狀語從句 as ...as、not as/so ...as、比較級＋than
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那個老太太對待那個男孩就好像他是她的親生兒子一樣。
He is taller than any other student in our school.
他比我們學校的任何一個學生都高。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①Poor they are， they still do their best to help those
homeless children.
② /No matter angry you feel， you shouldn’t shout
at your children.
③He earned so little money he couldn’t support his family.
④He acted as he hadn’t heard any of it.
⑤Even I were in your place， I wouldn’t take the job.
as/though　
However　
how　
that　
if　
if/though　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
2
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
resign vt.& vi.辭職，辭去；聽任，順從
【教材原句】　Eventually he resigned his post in the UK and returned to
China to work at Jilin University in Changchun.最終，他辭去了在英國
的職位，回到中國，在長春的吉林大學工作。
【用法】
（1）resign from　從……辭職
resign as　　辭去（某職務）
resign one’s post/position 辭職
resign oneself to　　聽任，順從，只好接受，使自己安于……
（2）resignation n.　　辭職；辭呈；辭職信
a letter of resignation　　一封辭職信
【佳句】　He resigned from the company in order to take a more
challenging job.
他從這家公司辭職以便能夠從事更有挑戰性的工作。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①At sixteen， I resigned myself the fact that I’d never be a
dancer.
②Ten years ago， he resigned a company in Beijing and went
to Shenzhen to set up his own company.
③Yesterday Mr Smith went into the manager’s office with a letter
of （resign）.
to　
from　
resignation　
【寫美】　完成句子
④I this morning.
我今天上午提交了辭職信。
handed in my resignation　
ashamed adj.慚愧，羞愧，尷尬
【教材原句】　I was so ashamed of myself.我為自己感到羞愧。
【用法】
（1）be/feel ashamed of sb/sth　為某人/某事感到羞愧
be ashamed to do sth　　恥于做某事；因慚愧而不情愿做某事
（2）shame n.　　羞愧；羞愧感；讓人遺憾的事
vt.　　使羞愧；使丟臉
to one’s shame　　　　　　令某人慚愧的是
it’s a shame that/to do ...　　真可惜……
（3）shameful adj.　　　　可恥的；丟臉的
shameless adj.　　無恥的；沒廉恥的
【佳句】　She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.她對
自己在聚會上的行為深感羞愧。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①We are often ashamed our shortcomings， our mistakes and our
failures.
②It is （shame） to break school rules from time to time.
③ her shame， she gained back all the weight she’d lost.
④That is the only French phrase I mastered， and it’s shame that
I don’t have much use for it.
of　
shameful　
To　
a　
【寫美】　翻譯句子
⑤我真不好意思說我向她撒了謊。（ashamed）

I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.
forgive vt.& vi.（forgave， forgiven） 原諒，寬恕；免除（債務）
【教材原句】　I hope my fans can forgive me.我希望我的粉絲們能原
諒我。
【用法】
（1）forgive sb sth　　原諒某人某事
forgive one’s doing sth　　原諒某人做了某事
forgive sb for （doing） sth　　原諒某人（做了）某事
forgive and forget　　摒棄前嫌，不念舊惡
（2）forgiveness n.　　原諒，寬恕
ask/beg/pray for （sb’s） forgiveness 請求/祈求（某人的）寬恕
【佳句】　I’ll never forgive her for what she did.
我絕不會原諒她做的事。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Forgive me interrupting， but I really don’t agree with that.
②Guilty and ashamed， he came into his teacher’s office to beg for
his （forgive）.
for　
forgiveness　
【寫美】　完成句子
③Although Chinese families ， I
suggest you should arrive on time.
雖然中國家庭會原諒你遲到，但我建議你要準時到達。
will forgive you for your being late　
disappointed adj.失望的，沮喪的
【教材原句】　Frankly speaking， I was disappointed but I smiled as
broadly as I could.
說實話，我是失望的，但我還是盡量讓自己笑容滿面。
【用法】
（1）be disappointed at/by sth　對某事感到失望
be disappointed in/with sb　　對某人感到失望
be disappointed to find/see/hear ...失望地發現/看到/聽說……
（2）disappointing adj. 令人失望的，令人沮喪的
（3）disappoint vt.　　使人失望
（4）disappointment n. 失望；讓人失望的人或事
in disappointment　　失望地
to one’s disappointment　　使某人失望的是
【佳句】　They were bitterly disappointed at the result of the game.
他們對比賽結果極為失望。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①His refusal to come to our English evening party was
very （disappoint）.
②We were all disappointed （learn） that the picnic had
been cancelled.
③To his great （disappoint）， his car broke down
on the way to the beach.
④There was a （disappoint） look on David’s face
when he knew he didn’t pass the driving test.
disappointing　
to learn　
disappointment　
disappointed　
【寫美】　完成句子
⑤She tried her hardest not to show .
她竭力不流露出自己有多失望。
how disappointed she was　
pretend vi.& vt.假裝；裝扮，扮作；自詡，自認為
【教材原句】　Then I walked away， pretending not to have heard
anything.
然后我走開了，假裝什么也沒聽到。
【用法】
pretend to be＋名詞/形容詞　假裝是……
pretend to do sth　　假裝要做某事
pretend to be doing sth　　假裝正在做某事
pretend to have done sth　　假裝已做過某事
pretend （to sb） that　　假裝……
【佳句】　She opened a book， pretending to read， with tears
dropping on the open page.
她打開一本書，假裝在看書，眼淚掉在打開的那一頁上。 （讀后
續寫之心理描寫）
【點津】　pretend后接動詞不定式時，一定要注意動詞不定式時態的
變化。根據句意可用一般式、進行式或完成式。類似用法的動詞還有
happen、appear、seem、claim等。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①She pretended （be） dead when she met a bear and
succeeded in escaping from being attacked.
②In order not to be punished， he pretended
（know） the answer to the maths problem already.
③She pretended （listen） to the manager， but
actually she was thinking about something else.
to be　
to have known　
to be listening　
【寫美】　句式升級
④She pretended she didn’t know me when we met in the street， which
really upset me.
→She when we met in the street， which
really upset me.
pretended not to know me　
Part Ⅱ　中頻詞匯特訓
guilty adj.感到內疚的，感到慚愧的；有罪的，有過失的
【教材原句】　Lily was not happy about the photos， though.“I
was feeling guilty because I was cheating my fans，” she said.不
過，莉莉對這些照片并不滿意。“我感到內疚，因為我欺騙了我
的粉絲，”她說。
【用法】
（1）feel guilty about/at　　　對……感到內疚
（2）be guilty of （doing） sth 犯有……錯誤的；犯有……罪行的
【佳句】　I still feel guilty about things I said to my mother when I was
a teenager.
我至今還在為我十幾歲時對媽媽講的話感到內疚。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I feel really guilty forgetting her birthday again.
②The evidence shows that the man is guilty robbing the bank.
about/at　
of　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
維度一：基礎題型練
單句語法填空。
1. She must have done something wrong， because she’s looking
so （guilt）.
2. My parents took lots of （photographer） of us when
we were small.
guilty　
photographs　
3. honest a person is he that you can turn to him for help when you
are in trouble.
4. I was a little nervous at first， but everyone was so nice and
friendly I soon stopped worrying.
5. When we stood we used to play， we couldn’t help
thinking of our happy old days.
6. We should protect our environment from being polluted that our
next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life.
So　
that　
where　
so　
7. We’re going to hold a charity show tomorrow.You can join
us you have no idea what to do for the weekend.
8. One can always manage to do more things /no
matter full his schedule is in life.
9. How did you feel you saw the terrible accident happening in
front of you？
10. The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times it
finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.
since/now that　
however　
how　
when　
before　
1. ， I will be free for almost
three months.
隨著暑假的臨近，我將有幾乎三個月的空閑時間。
2. I won’t go to attend his wedding .
除非他邀請我，否則我是不會去參加他的婚禮的。
3. It is we all want to go to the park.
天氣如此晴朗，以至于我們都想去公園。
As the summer vacation is approaching　
unless he invites me　
such fine weather that　
維度二：語法與寫作
根據漢語提示完成下列句子。
5. The girl stood at the door .
女孩站在門口，似乎在等人。
as if she was waiting for someone　
4. We’ll start our meeting on time .
無論他來還是不來，我們都將準時開會。
whether he comes or not　
維度三：語法與語篇
閱讀下面短文，用適當的連詞填空。
　　My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1. I was
doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework
2. the door bell rang.However， my sister unlocked the door
3. I could open it.We were surprised the moment we saw
her 4. her clothes and face were terribly
dirty.5. we didn’t know what had happened to her，
we stood there and waited for my sister’s story.We wouldn’t leave
while/when　
than　
before　
because　
Since/As　
6. my sister told us all about it.7. my sister got changed， she told us that she fell into a ditch（溝） 8. she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside.She
couldn’t get out of the ditch.9. she cried
for help loudly， no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it， but
10. hard she tried， she failed to escape from it.11.
time went by， she got worried.
unless　
After　
when/while　
Although/Though/While　
however　
As　
　　After several vain attempts she had to stand 12. she
was and waited 13. a boy student passed by and gave her a
hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the
rope.She did 14. the boy told， and she came out.
where　
until　
as　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　It was a Sunday night.I circled the neighbourhood a few times，
looking for a place to leave my car.Finally， I found one a block south of
my house.It was behind a late-model Jeep.I tried to back into the space，
but I failed to see the angles clearly.I heard it before I felt it， the sound
of plastic on plastic， like a sheet of sandpaper along the surface of a
painted piece of wood.I got out of my car to check the damage.My car
was unharmed.However， there were two distinct lines on the Jeep.
　　Then I noticed a woman， walking her dog， who was now
photographing me with her phone.“I hope you’re not planning to drive
away，” she said quietly.Until then， I was annoyed with myself for
having been so careless， but now， I was mad with her for taking my
picture.“How dare she？”I thought.She had no respect for my privacy.
　　And how dare she assume I would do the wrong thing？ But soon I
calmed down because I knew she wasn’t entirely incorrect.I’d made no
decision to drive away without leaving a note， but I’d be lying if I said
the idea hadn’t flashed across my mind.It was dark， and aside from her
no one was watching.It happens all the time — the hit-and-run in the
parking lot.
　　We all have those desires to behave selfishly， to go against the social
contract； it is not the thought but what we do with it that counts.It is the
commitment to take responsibility， to care for one another， and to think
about the greater good that makes this world a better place to stay.The
choice to own up was left to me.I left a note with my name and phone
number under the wiper blade （雨刮器） of the Jeep.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述了自己不小心剮蹭一
輛車后，主動留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向讀者
傳達人人都應該為自己做錯的事情承擔責任的道理。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述了自己不小心剮蹭一
輛車后，主動留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向讀者
傳達人人都應該為自己做錯的事情承擔責任的道理。
1. What happened to the author on that Sunday night？（　　）
A. He knocked down someone.
B. He got hurt in a car accident.
C. He hit a parked car accidentally.
D. He failed to find a parking space.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段內容可知，那天晚上，作者倒
車時不小心蹭了一輛泊在車位上的吉普車。
2. Why did the author feel angry with the woman？（　　）
A. She blocked his view on purpose.
B. She spoke to him in a very rude way.
C. She photographed him without permission.
D. She refused to take responsibility for her faults.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段中的a woman ...
photographing me with her phone ...She had no respect for my privacy
可知，那位女士未經作者允許就拍了作者的照片，作者認為這侵犯
了他的隱私。
3. What does the underlined part “own up” in the last paragraph
mean？（　　）
A. Admit. B. Occupy.
C. Disappear. D. Refuse.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據上文可知，作者剮蹭了別人的車，此
處應該是指作者決定“承認”自己的過失，下文作者留下自己姓名
和電話的行為是作者承擔責任的具體表現。
4. What does the author intend to tell us through his story？（　　）
A. Everyone makes mistakes.
B. Always do the right thing.
C. Avoid conflicts with others.
D. Apologizing sincerely matters.
解析：　主旨大意題。作者在最后一段指出，人人都應該按照社
會契約行事，愿意承擔責任、關愛他人、為大局著想，世界才會更
美好。
B
　　89-year-old Derlin Newey， who lives in the Roy area of Utah， has
supplemented （補充） his Social Security income for a little over a year
by delivering food for Papa John’s Pizza.When Newey delivered a large
apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a
conversation， Gladys was completely pleased.
　　“He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet
and genuine，” Gladys told her husband， Carlos Valdez about
Newey.Carlos was so taken with Newey’s friendliness and high
passion — and the fact that he was delivering pizza at his age — that he
decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok
page.Thousands of people donated and it all added up to more than $12，
000.　
　　Then came the surprise delivery.When Newey opened the door to his
mobile home， Carlos was standing there holding an empty pizza box，
which he had stuffed with an envelope full of all the cash.Newey was
flabbergasted， and his eyes filled with tears.Since the initial fundraiser
that brought in $12，000， people have donated $8，000 more for
Newey.
　　Newey， a retired salesman， typically works about 30 hours a
week， Mondays through Saturdays delivering pizza.As a native of
Utah’s Ogden area， he spent 26 years living in Gridley， California，
and working for National Merchandising， and he also earned a
bachelor’s degree from Brigham Young University.Young Newey was a
competitive skier， and he later taught skiing； about four years ago， he
gave up skiing because it became too difficult physically.
　　Even if Newey didn’t need the extra income， he said， he would
still do his delivery job because he loves it.“Oh， fantastic，” he said
about his job.“I love the people I’m working with， and I love having
pleasant conversations and making friends with people.The beautiful
children — you should see the smiles on their faces when they say，
‘Oh， we’re going to have pizza tonight！’ That’s worth more than
the money I make.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。熱心的Carlos通過TikTok為89歲的
披薩外賣員Newey籌到2萬多美元的善款作為生活補給。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。熱心的Carlos通過TikTok為89歲的
披薩外賣員Newey籌到2萬多美元的善款作為生活補給。
5. What did Gladys think of Newey？（　　）
A. Reserved and sensitive.
B. Enthusiastic and sociable.
C. Disciplined and thoughtful.
D. Ambitious and hard-working.
解析：　觀點態度題。根據第一段中的When Newey delivered a
large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and
struck up a conversation和第二段中Gladys所說的He was just so
friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine可知，
Newey在Gladys的眼里是一個熱情、善于交際的人。
6. How did Carlos help Newey？（　　）
A. By delivering pizza for him.
B. By raising money online for him.
C. By ordering more pizza from him.
D. By making good comments about him.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段中的he decided to crowdfund on
Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page可知，Carlos通
過在網上籌集資金來幫助Newey。
7. What does the underlined word “flabbergasted” in Paragraph 3
probably mean？（　　）
A. Extremely shocked. B. Severely depressed.
C. Pretty frightened. D. Rather annoyed.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第三段開頭的the surprise delivery和
Carlos帶來的善款以及畫線詞后面的his eyes filled with tears可推
知，Newey 大吃一驚，滿眼淚水。故畫線詞flabbergasted意為“非
常震驚”。
8. What can we learn about Newey from the last two paragraphs？（　　）
A. He turned down Carlos’ help.
B. He dreamed of being a ski coach.
C. He received a poor education.
D. He found the delivery job worthwhile.
解析：　細節理解題。根據最后一段中Newey所說的話可知，
Newey喜歡送披薩這份工作，喜歡和顧客聊天、交朋友，喜歡
看到孩子們拿到披薩時臉上洋溢的笑容。這些在他看來更有價
值和意義。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　When choosing to add a pet to the family， you may spend more time
focusing on the joy and happiness you expect your new pet will bring.9.
（　　） Though there is no true definition of a responsible pet parent，
these are a few widely accepted tips to help you create a happy， healthy
life for your furry friends.
　　Food and shelter
　　10. （　　） Your pets will need continuous access to clean water，
healthy and nutritious food， and shelter from the elements （惡劣的天
氣）.Cats and dogs will live healthier， happier， more rewarding lives
when they are treated as full members of the family， living side-by-side
with you in your homes.
　　Healthcare
　　Regular preventive care is key to helping your pet live a long and
healthy life.It’s best to establish a relationship with a veterinarian （獸
醫） to help keep you on track with regular check-ups and vaccinations
（接種疫苗）.11.（　　） When the time has come， your veterinarian
can help you keep your pet comfortable， pain-free， and loved， and
guide you in making decisions on end-of-life care.
　　Training and socialization
　　Behavioral issues are the number one reason why animals are
abandoned to shelters， so training and socializing your pets helps make
sharing your homes with them much easier.For example， a dog who has
been trained in basic obedience （服從） knows what behaviors are
acceptable and what is expected of him.12.（　　）
　　Love
　　This may be the most important responsibility of all.13.（　　）
They are companions who depend on you for their care.They are in tune
with you and live for your happiness.Responsible pet parents work hard to
do the same for them.
A. Your pets are not possessions you own.
B. Your pets need to stay in shape just like you do.
C. Animal overpopulation is a real issue all over the world.
D. An established relationship with a veterinarian can also be helpful as
your pet ages.
E. Providing your pet with the basic necessities of life should go without
saying.
F. While that’s true， they also come with a set of duties that everyone
should consider.
G. This can help him be more cooperative， comfortable， and confident
in the home environment.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了寵物主人應該承擔的幾
項責任。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了寵物主人應該承擔的幾
項責任。
9. F　設空處前一句指出：在決定要養寵物時，你可能更關注你認為
新寵物會帶來的快樂和幸福。F項（雖然這是真的，但它們也會帶來
一系列每個人都應該考慮的職責）符合語境，與上文構成轉折關系。
F項中第一個that指代上文描述的情況。
10. E　根據本段小標題“食物和住所”可知，E項（為寵物提供基本
生活必需品是理所當然的）符合語境。E項中的basic necessities of life
與小標題相呼應。
11. D　上文說明了寵物主人最好與獸醫建立關系。下文指出：到了
那個時候，你的獸醫能為你提供幫助，讓你的寵物覺得舒適、遠離痛
苦、感到被愛，指導你作出有關臨終關懷的決定。故D項（隨著寵物
年齡的增長，與獸醫建立關系也會有所幫助）符合語境。
12. G　設空處前一句指出：舉例來說，接受過基本服從訓練的狗了
解什么行為是主人可以接受的，也清楚主人對它的期望。G項（這可
以幫助它在家庭環境中更加樂于合作、感到舒適、充滿自信）緊承上
文，符合語境。G項中的This指代設空處前描述的情況。
13. A　上文說明了愛可能是最重要的一項責任。下文指出了它們是
需要你照顧的伙伴；它們能夠理解你；它們以你的幸福為生活目標。
負責任的寵物主人會努力為它們做同樣的事情。A項（你的寵物不是
你的財產）符合語境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Recently， I had one unpleasant but lucky day.My morning started
out with a grouchy （愛發脾氣的） kid who couldn’t be 　14　，
whatever I tried to do for him.When I got in my car to take him
to 　15　， I realized my gas tank was close to 　16　.To make matters
worse， the traffic was unbearable.I felt 　17　.
　　After I filled up my tank and dropped the little one off to daycare， I
headed to my favourite restaurant， 　18　 my favourite meal， went to
the cashier， and then something 　19　 happened — my debit card （借
記卡） was declined.I told the cashier that she must have run my card
wrong and to 　20　 it again， only for the screen to read DECLINED
again.My heart 　21　.
　　I immediately 　22　 my phone and called the bank number.Out of
nowhere， this amazing woman came up behind me， hugged me，
and 　23　 my lunch.I explained to her that I did have money when
she 　24　 me and said，“You can pay me back by paying it
forward.Have a good day.”
　　I was 　25　！ I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real
life， and someone just 　26　！ My heart was full， and I couldn’t
believe how someone who didn’t even know me could do such a thing for
a 　27　！
　　Right then and there， I told myself that I was going to pay it
forward.I was going to create in my child a spirit of 　28　， gratitude，
and show him what paying it forward was all about.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。陌生人的慷慨幫助讓作者懂得把愛
傳遞下去。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。陌生人的慷慨幫助讓作者懂得把愛
傳遞下去。
14. A. moved B. discouraged
C. satisfied D. annoyed
解析：　根據該空前的a grouchy （愛發脾氣的） kid可知，
“我”的孩子易怒，不管“我”做什么，都無法滿足他。
15. A. school B. daycare
C. hospital D. town
解析：　根據第二段中的dropped the little one off to daycare可
知，“我”上車準備帶孩子去托兒所。
16. A. new B. full C. huge D. empty
解析：　根據第二段中的I filled up my tank可知，“我”的油箱
幾乎空了。
17. A. terrible B. scared
C. curious D. ashamed
解析：　根據上文的描述可知，“我”一大早就遇到很多不順
心的事情，因此“我”感到很糟糕。
18. A. shared B. prepared
C. ordered D. showed
解析：　根據該空后的my favourite meal， went to the cashier可
知，“我”點了最喜歡吃的飯菜，然后去了收銀臺。
19. A. unrecognizable B. uncertain
C. unknown D. unexpected
解析：　根據下文my debit card （借記卡） was declined可知，
這是意想不到的事情。
20. A. demand B. adopt
C. try D. purchase
解析：　根據該空前的she must have run my card wrong可知，
“我”告訴收銀員，她一定是操作不當，讓她再試一次。
21. A. opened B. sank
C. slowed D. hurt
解析：　根據該空前的the screen to read DECLINED again可知，
當屏幕又一次顯示“我”的卡不能支付時，我感到很沮喪。
22. A. locked B. grabbed
C. answered D. connected
解析：　根據該空后的called the bank number可知，“我”立刻
抓起手機，撥打了銀行的電話。
23. A. picked up B. took away
C. put back D. paid for
解析：　根據下文You can pay me back by paying it forward.可
知，這位女士替“我”付了款。
24. A. followed B. stopped
C. reached D. checked
解析：　根據該空后的and said可知，這位女士打斷“我”，并
且對“我”說：“你可以通過把愛傳遞下去來回報我。祝你今天
過得愉快。”
25. A. confused B. amazed
C. concerned D. determined
解析：　根據該空后的I’ve never seen anyone do anything like
this in real life可知，“我”很驚訝。
26. A. saved my day B. changed my mind
C. met my request D. caught my eye
解析：　根據上文的描述可知，這位女士幫了“我”的大忙。
27. A. stranger B. friend
C. neighbour D. customer
解析：　根據該空前的who didn’t even know me可知，“我”
對那位女士來說是一個陌生人。
28. A. bravery B. patience
C. honesty D. kindness
解析：　根據上文的描述以及該空后的gratitude可知，“我”要
把孩子培養成一個善良且懂得感恩的人。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Over thousands of years， the Chinese have created brilliant culture
and meanwhile formed our own moral code.This is what we call the
traditional virtues of the Chinese nation， which are still of great
29. 　　　　　　 （significant） today and whose value to the
development of human civilization has been 30. 　 （general） recognized.
　　One of these traditional virtues is honesty， and “Zengzi kills the
pig” is a well-known story about this valuable quality.Zengzi， a student
of Confucius， was a person 31. 　　　　　　 was upright and always
kept his promise.One day， when Zengzi’s wife was about
32. 　　　　　　 （go） to the market， her little son started making a
scene 33. 　　　　　 he insisted on going with her.To calm him down，
she persuaded him into 34. 　　　　　　 （stay） at home with a prize：
killing their pig for him to eat when she returned.When she got back from
the market， she saw Zengzi was
35. 　　　　　　 his way to kill the pig and tried to stop him.Zengzi said，“If you deceive （欺騙） him this time， he will not believe in you any more.” In the end， the pig 36. 　　　　　　 （kill）.With his own conduct， Zengzi taught his son to be 37. 　　　　　　 （faith） to his word.
　　Despite the passage of time， honesty is still honored as a mainstream
value and has appeared in countless 38. 　　　　　　 （tale）
throughout China’s history.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一則中國傳統故事：曾
子殺豬。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一則中國傳統故事：曾
子殺豬。
29. significance　考查詞形轉換。設空處為“of＋抽象名詞”結構，
該結構在句中充當形容詞的作用，故填significance。
30. generally　考查詞形轉換。設空處在句中作狀語，修飾
recognized，應用副詞，故填generally。
31. who/that　考查定語從句。設空處引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行
詞a person，且在從句中作主語，故填who/that。
32. to go　考查非謂語動詞。be about to do sth表示“即將/正要做某
事”，故填to go。
33. and　考查連詞。根據語境可知，設空處前后兩句為并列句，故填
and。
34. staying　考查非謂語動詞。設空處作介詞into的賓語，應用動詞-
ing形式，故填staying。
35. on　考查介詞。on one’s way to do sth為固定搭配，意為“在去
做某事的路上”。
36. was killed　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。the pig與kill之間
為被動關系，應用被動語態，且根據語境可知，設空處應用一般過去
時，故填was killed。
37. faithful　考查詞形轉換。設空處在句中作表語，表示“忠實的，
守信的”，故填形容詞faithful。
38. tales　考查名詞復數。tale為可數名詞，意為“故事”，在此表泛
指，且前面有countless修飾，故填tales。
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