資源簡介

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
維度一：品句填詞
根據所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。
1.It’s normal that not all s　　　　　　 are convinced of the assumption.
2.Putting yourself in their shoes is of great importance when you have c　　　　　　 with friends.
3.With strong support from the government， a new town was built upon the earthquake r　　　　　　.
4.Actually， many c　　　　　　 cases can be settled peacefully out of court.
5.I hope you’ll take the challenge and find i　　　　　　 joy in the process.
6.Pollution has had a disastrous effect on the 　　　　　?。ㄉ鷳B） of that region.
7.Henry Moore is considered to be the father of modern British 　　　　　?。ǖ袼埽?
8.They have been studying the 　　　　　　　（內部的）structure of the old buildings.
9.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China and one of the mother rivers of Chinese 　　　　　?。ㄎ拿鳎?
10.It is said that she is not very optimistic about the 　　　　　　（結果） of the talks.
維度二：詞形轉換
用括號內單詞的正確形式填空。
1.Sorry to disturb you， but I have something 　　　　　?。╱rgency） to tell you.
2.He lives a very simple life although he has become 　　　　　?。╥ncredible） rich.
3.The group has expressed concern about reports of political 　　　　　?。╲iolent） in that region.
4.Lin Qiaozhi was a 　　　　　?。╯pecial） in women’s diseases and she safely delivered more than 5，000 babies in her life.
5.With new applicants， we offer a one-time brief free-of-charge phone 　　　　　　（consult） with our experts.
6.Believe it or not， ancient Chinese people had their own methods of heat 　　　　　　（preserve）in winter.
7.What did you do in the annually 　　　　　?。╝ssess） of the company？
8.Private cars， as the product of modern 　　　　（civilize）， have been playing a vital part in the daily life.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
根據漢語及括號內提示完成下列句子。
1.因為長途跋涉，我的皮質鞋底已經磨平了。（wear down）
My leather soles 　　　　　　　　　because of the long distance journey.
2.北極熊越靠近我們，我們就感到越害怕。（the＋比較級 ...， the＋比較級 ...）
　　　　　　　　the polar bear was， 　　　　　　　　　　　we got.
3.你應該努力學習。如果這樣，你就能通過考試。（if引導的狀語從句的省略）
You should study hard.　　　　　　， you can pass the exam.
4.他向兒子作出承諾，他會給他買一輛自行車。（同位語從句）
He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he would buy a bike for him.
5.你們憑借努力通過了這么難的考試，那是自然的。（it作形式主語）
　　　　　　　　　　 you have passed the difficult exam with your efforts.
6.旅游不僅可以讓人們感到放松和愉快，而且可以增長人們的知識。（not only ...but also ...）
Not only 　　　　　　　　　　people feel relaxed and pleased， 　　　　　　　　　　increase their knowledge.
維度四：課文語法填空
閱讀課文內容， 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
　　UNESCO is fighting 1.　　　　　　 （preserve） heritage sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind because they are 2.　　　　　　 （fascinate） but many are in great danger.
　　There are many factors 3.　　　　　　 put them in danger.The first thing is natural forces.They can 4.　　　　　　　　 （destroy） by sudden and powerful natural forces like earthquakes.Human activities are another big danger.With the 5.　　　　　　 （grow） of human population and widespread development that follows， many heritage sites are even at risk of 6.　　　　　　 （lose） forever.
　　Such dangers can have severe 7.　　　　　　 （consequent） for both the sites and people.For example， the loss of the coral and the reef in the Great Barrier Reef will cause diverse ocean species to lose their homes， and leave the coastline 8.　　　　　　 （unprotect）.Moreover， if the reef disappears， many people’s lives 9.　　　　 possibly even their homes will suffer greatly.
　　Heritage sites are the great wonders of our world.We preserve them， 10.　　　　 just for ourselves， but for future generations.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　The International Council on Monuments and Sites （ICOMOS） has partnered with Google and 3D surveying firm CyArk to establish a web database that tracks how five UNESCO World Heritage Sites are affected by climate change.The portal （門戶網站） is called Heritage on the Edge.It showcases the craggy cliffs （陡峭的懸崖） surrounding Edinburgh Castle， Easter Island’s famed sculptures and other cultural heritage hotspots.Climate change’s effects on the five locations range from erosion caused by crashing waves and strong winds to rising seas that threaten the cliffs， ocean acidification and rainstorms.
　　At Easter Island， known to its indigenous community as Rapa Nui， climate change’s effects are written into the landscape.Coastal erosion has already made some of the island’s historic Moai statues collapse.In 2017， CyArk traveled to Rapa Nui in order to record several at-risk structures using a variety of 3D recording technologies including LiDAR， photogrammetry and drone imagery to produce an accurate surface model.The resulting data was provided to the authorities in order to inform their work to manage the heritage of the island.
　　Each heritage site featured on the portal is accompanied by 3D models， as well as interviews with local ICOMOS representatives and residents of areas surrounding the cultural centers.Curious users can look through photographs， listen to audio clips （音頻片段）， read histories and explore models of the sites.Some pages， like the one for Scotland’s capital city of Edinburgh， even include interactive designs.Heritage on the Edge has also published two AR“pocket galleries” illustrating the Nine Dome Mosque and Kilwa Kisiwani’s Gereza Kilwa Fort.Each gallery offers a short guide to spotting signs of deterioration （惡化） linked to climate change.
　　“Climate change is a thing that scares many people， but there is hope，” says ICOMOS’ Milagros Flores to Heritage on the Edge.“It is about creating awareness， being watchful， and understanding that this is the moment for each one to do their part， so that everyone puts their grain of sand into this great effort.”
1.What information does Heritage on the Edge provide？（　　）
A.Detailed accounts of how three parties formed a partnership.
B.Behind-the-scene stories of how the portal was created.
C.A global survey’s results about major threats to heritage.
D.Climate change’s impact on some World Heritage Sites.
2.Why did CyArk visit Easter Island？（　?。?br/>A.To collect data about threatened statues.
B.To test out their 3D recording technologies.
C.To seek expert advice from local authorities.
D.To figure out why some statues on the island collapse.
3.What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain？（　?。?br/>A.Heritage on the Edge’s features.
B.Users’ responses to Heritage on the Edge.
C.Some heritage sites’ historical significance.
D.Technologies’ role in tackling the climate crisis.
4.What message does Milagros Flores most want to give us？（　?。?br/>A.Climate optimism might backfire.
B.Advanced technology is key to climate action.
C.Collective action on climate change should be taken.
D.People’s environmental efforts should be appreciated.
B
　　Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui Ruins in Southwest China show that the region’s ancient Shu civilization shared similarities with ancient Maya civilization.
　　The Sanxingdui Ruins belongs to the ancient Shu Kingdom that existed at least 4，800 years ago and lasted more than 2，000 years， while the Maya civilization built its city-states around 200 CE.
　　The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the ancient Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree， which symbolizes the union of heaven， earth and the underworld in the Maya civilization.“They are very important similarities，” says Santos， a Mexican archaeologist stressing that “the representations of trees in both cultures provide the symbolism that is very similar ”.
　　The findings at the Sanxingdui Ruins， considered one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of the 20th century， also show a new aspect of Bronze Age culture， indicating the ancient civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been developed much later.
　　While the time span between the ancient Shu Kingdom and the Maya is great， the findings highlight the closeness between the two civilizations.They developed in areas with comparable climates and reflected their world view through related symbols.“In the end， man is still man， independent of time and space.What we have is that， at this latitude （緯度）， both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the same sky and had the same stars on the horizon，” the expert says.
　　One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese archaeologists， which allowed the unearthing of artefacts as fragile as silk remains， which other types of less careful digging methods would not have been able to register.
　　Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could benefit projects in Maya， where the rainy climate and humidity are problematic for the conservation of ruins.
　　“Every time our cultural knowledge increases， regardless of whether we speak the same language or not， what it shows us is that we continue to be sister cultures and， therefore， the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental，” says Santos.
5.What is a similarity between the ancient Shu civilization and Maya civilization？（　　）
A.Their starting time.
B.Their historical origins.
C.Their cultural symbols.
D.Their ceremony traditions.
6.What have the findings at the Sanxingdui Ruins proved？（　?。?br/>A.Silk was a common clothing material then.
B.Some technologies were developed much earlier.
C.The Bronze Age started earlier than previously assumed.
D.The ancient Shu Kingdom and the Maya had close contact.
7.What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins？（　?。?br/>A.Damp weather.
B.Positioning of ruins.
C.High latitude.
D.Language barriers.
8.What is the purpose of quoting Santos’ words in the last paragraph？（　?。?br/>A.To show our cultural knowledge is increasing.
B.To explain the benefits of speaking different languages.
C.To prove the increasing sisterhood in culture between China and Mexico.
D.To highlight the importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Across Singapore， open-air food complexes are everywhere.They are packed with small stalls （攤位）， manned by hawkers （小販）.For visitors， hawker centers might just seem like large food courts：9.（　　）， then pay a few dollars for a plateful of food to enjoy at a shared table.
　　10.（　?。?These food centers are beloved places representing the country’s melting-pot （熔爐） culture， where people of Chinese， Indian， and Malay descent （血統） gather together to find something delicious.
　　Hawkers are so central to Singapore life that the country led a successful campaign to have the practice included in the 2020 UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.11.（　?。?The cost of labor has gone up， with the younger， better-educated generation put off by the long hours and physical work the field requires.As aging hawkers retire， few in their families want to follow in their footsteps.With no one willing to take over the family business，some stalls — and their recipes — risk extinction.
　　In 2020， the Singapore government launched the Hawkers’ Development Programme， paying experienced hawkers an allowance to teach newcomers their craft.12.（　?。?In the coming years， Singaporeans might start to notice more fresh faces behind the stalls， telling a different kind of story with their food.
　　“Just as the hawker centers we know today didn’t exist 50 years ago， there will continue to be evolutions，” says Lily Kong， author of Singapore Hawker Centres：People， Places， Food.“13.（　?。?But we would do well to grasp its essence and preserve the informal dining， community bonding， multicultural mixing， and access to all.”
A.Go cook a quick， hearty meal
B.Follow your nose or the longest line
C.We need to make them our local cultural heroes
D.There is no reason to lock in hawker culture as we know it today
E.Still， for both experienced and newer hawkers， challenges remain
F.For Singaporeans， hawker culture is about more than just a good meal
G.First-time hawkers also receive deeply discounted rent in their first year or so
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.specialists　2.conflicts　3.ruins　4.civil　5.incredible　6.ecology　7.sculpture　8.internal　9.civilization
10.outcome
維度二
1.urgent　2.incredibly　3.violence　4.specialist
5.consultation　6.preservation　7.assessment　8.civilization
維度三
1.have worn down
2.The nearer； the more frightened
3.If so
4.made a promise to his son that
5.It is natural that
6.can travel make； but it can also
維度四
1.to preserve　2.fascinating　3.that/which　4.be destroyed
5.growth　6.being lost　7.consequences　8.unprotected
9.and　10.not
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個記錄氣候變化對世界遺產的影響的數據庫。
1.D　細節理解題。根據第一段中的The International Council on Monuments and Sites ...Heritage on the Edge.可知，三方合作建立了一個網絡數據庫，它會追蹤五個世界遺產地是如何被氣候變化所影響的。
2.A　細節理解題。根據第二段中的CyArk traveled to Rapa Nui in order to record several at-risk structures可知，為了記錄這些石像的情況，CyArk前往了Rapa Nui（即Easter Island）。換句話說，CyArk之所以來到Easter Island，是為了收集這些石像的數據。
3.A　段落大意題。通讀第三段內容可知，該段主要介紹了Heritage on the Edge這一門戶網站的幾項功能。
4.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Milagros Flores的話可知，她最想傳遞的信息是：我們應該集體應對氣候變化。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了三星堆遺址和瑪雅文明的相似之處，并說明了文化知識交流極其重要。
5.C　細節理解題。根據第三段內容可知，在古蜀國遺址出土的青銅制樹木殘片類似于瑪雅文明中的圣樹，古蜀國與瑪雅文明這兩種文化中樹木的象征意義非常相似。由此可知，古蜀國與瑪雅文明的相似之處在于它們有相似的文化象征。
6.B　細節理解題。根據第四段中的indicating the ancient civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been developed much later可知，三星堆遺址的發現表明古代文明早已有了被認為是在很久以后才發展起來的技術。由此可知，三星堆遺址的發現證明了古代的一些技術要比我們認為的發展得更早。
7.A　細節理解題。根據第五段中的They developed in areas with comparable climates和倒數第二段可知，三星堆遺址和瑪雅文明所處地區氣候相似，多雨潮濕的氣候對瑪雅文明的保護造成了困難，由于氣候相似，多雨潮濕的氣候也對三星堆遺址的保護造成了困難。由此可知，保護這兩處遺址的共同挑戰是潮濕的天氣。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的the exchange of such knowledge is fundamental可知，桑托斯認為知識的交流是至關重要的。由此可知，最后一段引用桑托斯的話旨在強調文化知識交流的重要性。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。保護新加坡小販文化，讓世界遺產活起來，傳下去。
9.B　上文介紹了露天美食中心在新加坡隨處可見，那里到處都是由小販經營的小攤位。對游客來說，小販中心就像大型美食廣場一樣。設空處后的內容指出：然后買一盤食物，在共享餐桌上食用。由此可推知，設空處應描述游客在購買食物前的動作，故B項符合語境。
10.F　下文介紹了這些美食中心代表著新加坡的熔爐文化，華人、印度人和馬來人都聚在一起尋找美味佳肴。F項承上啟下，符合語境。F項中的culture與設空處后一句中的culture構成原詞復現。
11.E　上文提及新加坡小販文化在2020年被聯合國教科文組織列入《人類非物質文化遺產代表作名錄》。下文介紹了小販行業的工作時長和體力勞動讓年輕一代望而止步；隨著年邁的小販退休，很少有家庭成員愿意繼續擺攤，某些攤位和食譜則可能會消失。E項對下文內容作出概括說明，符合語境。E項中的challenges與下文中的risk extinction相呼應。
12.G　上文介紹了新加坡政府啟動了小販發展計劃。下文提到在未來的幾年里，新加坡人可能會在攤位后面看到更多新鮮面孔。G項符合語境。G項中的First-time hawkers與設空處前一句中的newcomers以及設空處后一句中的fresh faces相呼應。
13.D　上文講述了Lily Kong的觀點：“今天大家所熟悉的小販中心在50年前并不存在，同樣地，它在未來也會不斷演變發展?！毕挛慕又痔岬剑骸暗覀冏詈米プ∑浔举|，保護這種就餐模式及其帶來的社區聯系、多元文化融合，保證人人都能接觸到?！盌項緊承上文，符合語境，且與下文構成轉折關系。
5 / 5Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Heritage① in danger
　　Welcome， everybody. It’s wonderful to be here. Before we begin， I want to ask you： have you ever been awed② by natural wonders？ Have you ever been fascinated by③ human civilization④？ [1]If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve⑤ sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.[2] I have the belief that some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites⑥ or maybe even visited one！ There are currently around 1，100 sites in more than 160 countries worldwide. Unfortunately， they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent⑦ need of protection. Let’s look at some specific issues.
　　[1]If so是if條件狀語從句的省略；why引導賓語從句，作動詞understand的賓語。
　　[2]句中that引導同位語從句，解釋說明belief的內容，that在此是連詞，僅僅起到連接作用，不作句子成分。
　　Heritage sites are at risk from natural forces. The long-term natural forces， such as wind， water and temperature， can gradually wear down⑧ heritage sites. For instance， the Great Pyramid⑨ of Giza is now several metres shorter than it was originally⑩. Natural disasters， the sudden and powerful natural forces， can lead to the destruction of heritage sites： in 2003， a terrible earthquake shook south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam， an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.
　　Another big danger is human activities. Wars can cause a great deal of damage to both cultural and natural heritage sites . Sometimes， amazing ancient clay sculptures and buildings are accidentally destroyed by missile attacks during periods of violence . [3]In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out ， fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose .
　　Meanwhile， World Heritage status may give rise to a series of problems. One of the problems is the flood of tourists.[4] Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year， so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear .The temples of Angkor in Cambodia are typical examples of unique architecture.[5] Every day， thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal structure.
　　[3]where引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞areas， where在從句中作地點狀語。
　　[4]本句整體上是并列句。后一個分句中，it作形式主語，that引導的主語從句作真正的主語。
　　[5]動詞-ing短語climbing up the narrow stone steps作后置定語，修飾tourists。
　　Due to human population growth， the demand for production and consumption of goods increases. Widespread development puts our cultural and natural heritage sites in danger. Many heritage sites are even at risk of being lost forever. Take the Historic Centre of Vienna in Austria as an example . The city has been recognized as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century， home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven. It is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger due to high-rise construction projects in central Vienna.
　　[6]Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites themselves， but also for people. For instance， the Great Barrier Reef off the north-east coast of Australia is a natural heritage site in danger.[7]Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming， a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected， which harms its fragile natural ecology .[8] As well as being home to a wide diversity of ocean species， the reef can boost tourism and fishing in the local area， providing many job opportunities. It also helps protect the coastline against waves and floods. If the reef disappears， many people’s lives and possibly even their homes will suffer greatly.
　　[6]句中not only ...， but also ...連接兩個并列成分作狀語。
　　[7]過去分詞短語caused by global warming作后置定語，修飾名詞temperatures；which引導非限制性定語從句，which指代前面整個主句。
　　[8]介詞短語As well as being home to a wide diversity of ocean species作狀語；動詞-ing短語providing many job opportunities作結果狀語。
　　Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind.[9]The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites， the more likely we are to treat them with respect. These sites are the great wonders of our world and tell the story of human civilization. We all share a joint
【讀文清障】
①heritage n.遺產
heritage in danger 瀕危遺產
②awe vt.使驚嘆，使敬畏 n.敬畏，驚嘆
③be fascinated by 著迷于……，被……深深吸引
④civilization n.文明；社會文明；文明社會，文明世界
⑤preserve vt.維護，保護，保存；維持
⑥UNESCO heritage sites聯合國教科文組織遺址
⑦urgent adj.緊急的，緊迫的；催促的，急切的
in urgent need of 急需
⑧wear down （使）磨損，（使）逐漸磨平
⑨pyramid n.金字塔
⑩originally adv.原來；起初
ruin vt.破壞，毀壞；使破產，毀滅n.毀壞，毀滅；破產；殘垣斷壁
incredible adj.極好的，極大的；不能相信的，難以置信的
a great deal of 許多，大量的
cultural and natural heritage sites
文化和自然遺址
clay n.黏土，陶土
sculpture n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻術
clay sculptures 泥塑
missile n.導彈
violence n.暴力，暴行；狂熱，激情
violent adj.暴力的；強烈的
conflict n.（軍事）沖突，戰斗；爭論；矛盾，不一致 vi.沖突，抵觸
civil adj.國民的；國家的；民事的
civil war 內戰
break out 爆發
on purpose 故意地
status n.身份，地位；狀況，情形
give rise to 造成，引起，導致
wear and tear （正常使用造成的）磨損，損耗
irreparable adj.無法彌補的，不能修復的，不可恢復的
internal adj.內部的；國內的
external adj.外部的；外在的
take ... as an example
以……為例
outcome n.結果，效果
disastrous outcomes 災難性后果
reef n.礁，礁脈
coral n.珊瑚 adj.珊瑚色的
ecology n.生態，生態學
agenda n.計劃，方案；議程表，議事日程
for the benefit of 為了……的利益
responsibility to protect and preserve them， not just for ourselves， but for future generations. If your heart breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost forever， please take action. [10]If you’re interested， please look at our website and participate in any way you can！ Thank you.
　　[9]本句為“the＋比較級 ...，the＋比較級 ...”結構，意為“越……，就越……”。
　　[10]句中you can為定語從句，修飾先行詞way。
share a joint responsibility to do sth
共同承擔做某事的責任
at the thought of 一想到……
【參考譯文】
瀕危遺產
　　歡迎大家。很高興來到這里。在開始演講之前，我想問問大家：你曾為自然奇觀驚嘆嗎？你曾為人類文明著迷嗎？如果是這樣，你們也許已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址。我相信你們當中有些人聽說過聯合國教科文組織遺產地，甚至可能已經去過一處了！現今全世界共有大約1100處遺產地，分布在160多個國家。很遺憾，它們正面臨各種危險，其中多處急需保護。我們來看一些具體問題。
　　遺產地會受到自然力的威脅。諸如風、水和氣溫等長期存在的自然力會逐漸侵蝕遺產地。例如，吉薩的大金字塔現在比原來矮了幾米。自然災害這種突發而強大的自然力會破壞遺產地：2003年，一場可怕的地震襲擊了伊朗東南部，摧毀了巴姆古城的大部分地區。該古城是一處令人嘆為觀止的聯合國教科文組織文化遺產地。
　　另一個重大威脅是人類活動。戰爭可以嚴重破壞文化與自然遺產地。有時，驚人的古代泥塑與建筑會在突發暴力期間被導彈意外摧毀。在一些經常爆發內戰的沖突地區，戰士甚至會故意炸毀遺產地。
　　與此同時，世界遺產這一地位也會帶來一系列問題。其中之一是大量的游客。每年有大量游客到聯合國教科文組織世界遺產地旅游，所以這些遺產地遭受損壞是很自然的。柬埔寨吳哥的寺廟是獨特建筑的典型例子。每天，數千名游客攀爬狹窄的石階，磨損著這些古建筑，長期的影響對內部結構可能造成不可修復的破壞。
　　由于人口增長，商品生產與消費需求也隨之增長。大范圍的發展讓文化與自然遺產地處于危險中。很多遺產地甚至面臨永久消失的危險。以奧地利的維也納歷史中心為例。自16世紀以來，維也納就是公認的歐洲音樂之都，莫扎特、貝多芬這一類的音樂家居住于此。如今因為市中心的高層建筑項目，維也納歷史中心被列入了《世界瀕危遺產名錄》。
　　這些威脅不僅會給遺產地本身造成災難性后果，也會對人們產生影響。例如，澳大利亞東北海岸的大堡礁是一處瀕危自然遺產地。由于全球變暖引起海水溫度升高，大量珊瑚死亡，部分珊瑚礁受到嚴重影響，這危害了其脆弱的自然生態。珊瑚礁不但是各種各樣海洋物種的家園，還可以推動當地旅游業與漁業的發展，提供許多就業機會。它還有助于保護海岸線免受海浪與洪水侵襲。如果珊瑚礁消失，許多人的生活，甚至可能還有他們的家園都會深受其害。
　　為了全人類的利益，遺產保護是當務之急。我們越明白遺產地突出的普遍價值，就越可能會尊重它們。這些遺產地是我們世界的偉大奇觀，訴說著人類文明的故事。我們有共同的責任來保護、保存它們，這不僅利在我輩，也利在后代。如果你們像我一樣，一想到我們無可取代的遺產會永遠消失就覺得心碎，那么就請采取行動吧。如果你們感興趣，請關注我們的網站，以任何力所能及的方式參與進來！謝謝大家。
第一步：析架構，理文本脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
　　
第二步：精讀文，達明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What can we infer from the passage？（　?。?br/>A.Global warming is threatening heritage sites.
B.Heritage protection is only for cultural heritage sites.
C.The temples of Angkor were ruined by missile attacks.
D.Human population growth is the main danger to heritage sites.
2.What does “so” refer to in the fifth sentence in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.Natural wonders.
B.Human civilization.
C.Feeling amazed by human and natural power.
D.Asking some questions about natural and human wonders.
3.Why is “the Great Pyramid of Giza” mentioned in Paragraph 2？ （　?。?br/>A.To show its popularity.
B.To express the need to protect it.
C.To help people recognise its height.
D.To prove natural forces’ damage to heritage sites.
4.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “wear and tear” in Paragraph 4？ （　?。?br/>A.Something torn up.
B.Wearing old clothes.
C.A surprising experience.
D.The damage of normal use.
5.What’s the general idea of the passage？ （　　）
A.Heritage sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
B.We should try to preserve heritage sites at risk.
C.Wars can cause a lot of damage to heritage sites.
D.We should pay more attention to global warming.
第三步：通詞句，學語言表達
1.詞匯學習——循規律，記單詞
（1）以后綴-ation結尾的名詞
①civilize→civilization n.文明；社會文明；文明社會，文明世界
②associate→association n.交往
③accommodate→accommodation n.住處；膳宿
④appreciate→appreciation n.感激
⑤admire→admiration n.欽佩；羨慕
⑥transport→transportation n.運輸
⑦relax→relaxation n.消遣，放松
（2）以-ist為后綴的高頻名詞
①special→specialist n.專家；?？漆t生
②journal→journalist n.新聞工作者；記者
③social→socialist n.社會主義者
④economy→economist n.經濟學家
⑤psychology→psychologist n.心理學家
2.美句欣賞——賞佳句，品用法
設問：明知故問，自問自答或只問不答，這種修辭手法叫設問。本文使用設問導入話題，吸引聽眾注意力，啟發聽眾思考，引入文章話題。
請從課文中找出有此類用法的句子，朗讀并翻譯。
原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
翻譯：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：析難句，清閱讀障礙
1.Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year， so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
句式分析
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming， a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected， which harms its fragile natural ecology.
句式分析
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：拓視野，育思維品質
1.Is it a good idea to restore historic sites？ Why？ （Critical Thinking批判性思維）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.As a senior student， what can you do in terms of protecting the heritage sites？ （Creative Thinking創造性思維）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
preserve vt.維護，保護，保存；維持
【教材原句】　If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.如果是這樣，你們也許已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址。
【用法】
（1）preserve ...from ...　保護……免于…… preserve sth＋形容詞 把某物保存得…… be well/strictly preserved 被很好/嚴格地保存 （2）nature preserve 自然保護區 （3）preservation n. 保護，保存，貯藏；維護
【佳句】　Our suggestions are that these traditional customs （should） be well preserved and handed down one generation after another.
我們的建議是，這些傳統的習俗應該很好地被保留下來并且一代一代地傳承下去。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I think it worthwhile to visit that ancient town， where all the traditional buildings 　　　　　　　?。╬reserve） perfectly.
②Well before the arrival of freezers， there was a demand for ice for food 　　　　　?。╬reserve） and catering.
【寫美】　完成句子
③The organization was set up to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
這個組織是為了保護這種瀕臨滅絕的物種而建立的。
urgent adj.緊急的，緊迫的；催促的，急切的
【教材原句】　Unfortunately， they face a variety of dangers and many of them are in urgent need of protection.很遺憾，它們正面臨各種危險，其中多處急需保護。
【用法】
（1）in urgent need of 　　急需…… it is urgent that ... 急需…… （2）urge vt. 敦促，力勸；竭力主張 n. 強烈的欲望，沖動 urge sb to do sth 敦促/力勸某人做某事 sb urged that ... （should） do sth某人極力主張/強烈要求……（應該）做某事 an/the urge to do sth 做某事的沖動 have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事 （3）urgently adv. 緊急地，急迫地 （4）urgency n. 緊急；迫切
【佳句】　The earthquake victims are in urgent need of medical supplies.
地震災民迫切需要醫療物資。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The boys urged him 　　　　　　　?。╰ake） part in the competition.
②I have been feeling the urge 　　　　　?。╩ake） changes in my life.
③It is strongly urged by students that the library 　　　　　　　　（keep） open during the weekend.
④“We must find him，” she said 　　　　?。╱rgent）.
【寫美】　完成句子
⑤The report urged that 　　　　　　　　.
這份報告極力主張教所有兒童學游泳。
【點津】　urge后跟that引導的賓語從句或在it is urged that ...句型中時，that從句中的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，即（should＋）動詞原形。
wear down （使）磨損，（使）逐漸磨平
【教材原句】　The long-term natural forces， such as wind， water and temperature， can gradually wear down heritage sites.諸如風、水和氣溫等長期存在的自然力會逐漸侵蝕遺產地。
【用法】
wear sth down　　　　磨平某物 wear sb down 消磨某人的斗志 wear down one’s resistance　　削弱某人的抵抗 wear off （感覺等）逐漸消失，消逝 wear on （時間）流逝 wear sb out 使某人筋疲力盡；使疲乏 wear out 穿破，磨損；（使）疲乏，（使）厭倦 wear thin 磨薄
【佳句】　My shoes have worn down because I have to walk a long distance to school each day.
我的鞋已經磨壞了，因為我每天必須走很遠的路去上學。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The effects of the drug naturally wear 　　　　　　within a few hours.
②As the time wore 　　　　　　， she became more and more nervous.
③She was really worn 　　　　　　after two sleepless nights.
【寫美】　完成句子
④The young people run around kicking a ball， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
年輕人跑來跑去踢著球，把自己累得筋疲力盡。
ruin vt.破壞，毀壞；使破產，毀滅 n.毀壞，毀滅；破產；殘垣斷壁
【教材原句】　Natural disasters， the sudden and powerful natural forces， can lead to the destruction of heritage sites： in 2003， a terrible earthquake shook south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of Bam， an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.
自然災害這種突發而強大的自然力會破壞遺產地：2003年，一場可怕的地震襲擊了伊朗東南部，摧毀了巴姆古城的大部分地區。該古城是一處令人嘆為觀止的聯合國教科文組織文化遺產地。
【用法】
（1）ruin oneself　 　　毀掉自己；自取滅亡 ruin one’s health/fame/future 毀壞某人的健康/名譽/前途 （2）in ruins 毀壞；嚴重受損；破敗不堪 bring ...to ruin 使……毀滅；使……沒落 go to ruin/fall into ruin 毀滅；毀壞；敗落 the ruins of ... ……的遺跡
【佳句】　Last weekend， my classmates and I visited the ruins of an ancient castle.
上周末，我和我的同學們參觀了一個古城堡的遺跡。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①A lot of old buildings in the town 　　　　　　　?。╮uin） during the earthquake in 2008.
②After the earthquake， the beautiful city was in 　　　　　　（ruin） and thousands of people lost their homes.
【寫美】　句式升級
③It rained for two weeks， which completely ruined our holiday.
→It rained for two weeks， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（動詞-ing短語作狀語）
conflict n.（軍事）沖突，戰斗；爭論；矛盾，不一致 vi.沖突，抵觸
【教材原句】　In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out， fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.在一些經常爆發內戰的沖突地區，戰士甚至會故意炸毀遺產地。
【用法】
（1）come into conflict with sb　與某人爭執/沖突 in conflict 處于矛盾中 in conflict with sb （over sth） （在某事上）與某人相沖突 （2）conflict with 與……抵觸/沖突
【佳句】　There is a conflict between what they are doing and what you want.
他們所做的與你想要的之間存在沖突。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I found myself 　　　　　　conflict with others from time to time.
②She often comes 　　　　　　conflict with her mother-in-law， which makes her husband very angry.
【寫美】　完成句子
③These results 　　　　　　　　　　.
這些結果與早期的發現相矛盾。
assess vt.評估，評定；估算
【教材原句】　For years， a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.多年來，一個專家小組討論和評估了修復佛塔的不同方法。
【用法】
（1）assess sb/sth as ... 評定某人/某事為…… be assessed as ... 被評定為…… assess sth at ... 估價某物為…… （2）assessment n.　　評價；評估；核定的付款額 make an assessment/assessments of ... 對……進行判斷/評估
【佳句】　Examinations are not the only means of assessing a student’s ability.
考試不是評價學生能力的唯一手段。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They assessed the value of the house 　　　　over $25，000.
②I have a pupil who scored very low in 　　　　　?。╝ssess） but is keen as mustard.
【寫美】　完成句子
③Quality of the products could 　　　　　　good， qualified and bad.
產品的質量可以被評定為好、合格和差。
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：if引導的條件狀語從句的省略
【教材原句】　If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.
如果是這樣，你們也許已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址。
【用法】
（1）if so是if引導的條件狀語從句的省略形式，可以用來代替整個從句，省略前面出現的主語和謂語，表示肯定意義；如果表示否定意義，則用if not。 （2）if構成的常見省略形式： if so　　　　　如果是這樣的話 if not 如果不這樣的話；如果沒有 if ever 如果曾經有過/發生過的話 if any　　　　　如果有的話 if possible 如果有可能；如果可能的話 if necessary 如果有必要的話
【品悟】　If so， what did you do to grow them？
如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植它們？
【寫美】　句型轉換/完成句子
①If it is necessary， our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
→　　　　　　　　， our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
②Wash it in water and pick out the small particles， if there are any.
→Wash it in water and pick out the small particles， 　　　　　　　　.
③If it is convenient for you， let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
如果你方便的話，我們上午8：30在校門口外見面。如果不方便，讓我知道什么時間最適合你。
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.protection　2.dangers　3.Human activities　4.tourists　5.outcomes
第二步
1－5　ACDDB
第三步
2.Before we begin， I want to ask you： have you ever been awed by natural wonders？Have you ever been fascinated by human civilization？ If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.
在開始演講之前，我想問問大家：你曾為自然奇觀驚嘆嗎？你曾為人類文明著迷嗎？如果是這樣，你們也許已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址。
第四步
1.每年有大量游客到聯合國教科文組織世界遺產地旅游，所以這些遺產地遭受損壞是很自然的。
2.由于全球變暖引起海水溫度升高，大量珊瑚死亡，部分珊瑚礁受到嚴重影響，這危害了其脆弱的自然生態。
第五步
1.In my opinion， it is a really good idea to restore historic sites that have been damaged or destroyed.Historic sites reflect the glorious history and rich culture of a particular period.Restoring historic sites may also strengthen the link between the past and the present.
2.Join the UNESCO volunteering programs； Raise public awareness of heritage protection by sharing news and links through social media； Make some posters about heritage and post them on the Internet； Be a sustainable tourist by respecting local culture and customs and not damaging sites or littering when visiting ...
【核心知識·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①are preserved?、趐reservation
③preserve this endangered species from extinction
2.①to take?、趖o make　③（should） be kept　④urgently
⑤all children （should） be taught to swim
3.①off?、趏n?、踥ut　④wearing themselves out
4.①were ruined?、趓uins　③completely ruining our holiday
5.①in?、趇nto?、踓onflict with earlier findings
6.①at?、赼ssessments　③be assessed as
Part Ⅱ
　①If necessary?、趇f any
③If not， let me know what time suits you best
11 / 11(共113張PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
4
課時檢測·提能力
3
核心知識·巧突破
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
Heritage① in danger
　　Welcome， everybody. It’s wonderful to be here. Before we
begin， I want to ask you： have you ever been awed② by natural
wonders？ Have you ever been fascinated by③ human civilization④？
[1]If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is fighting to
preserve⑤ sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.[2] I have
the belief that some of you have heard about UNESCO heritage sites⑥ or
maybe even visited one！ There are currently around 1，100 sites in more
than 160 countries worldwide. Unfortunately， they face a variety of
dangers and many of them are in urgent⑦ need of protection. Let’s look
at some specific issues.
　　[1]If so是if條件狀語從句的省略；why引導賓語從句，作動詞
understand的賓語。
　　[2]句中that引導同位語從句，解釋說明belief的內容，that在此是
連詞，僅僅起到連接作用，不作句子成分。
【讀文清障】
①heritage n.遺產
heritage in danger 瀕危遺產
②awe vt.使驚嘆，使敬畏 n.敬畏，驚嘆
③be fascinated by 著迷于……，被……深深吸引
④civilization n.文明；社會文明；文明社會，文明世界
⑤preserve vt.維護，保護，保存；維持
⑥UNESCO heritage sites聯合國教科文組織遺址
⑦urgent adj.緊急的，緊迫的；催促的，急切的
in urgent need of 急需
　　Heritage sites are at risk from natural forces. The long-term natural
forces， such as wind， water and temperature， can gradually wear
down⑧ heritage sites. For instance， the Great Pyramid⑨ of Giza is now
several metres shorter than it was originally⑩. Natural disasters， the
sudden and powerful natural forces， can lead to the destruction of
heritage sites： in 2003， a terrible earthquake shook south-eastern Iran
and ruined large parts of the city of Bam， an incredible UNESCO
cultural heritage site.
　　Another big danger is human activities. Wars can cause a great deal of
damage to both cultural and natural heritage sites . Sometimes，
amazing ancient clay sculptures and buildings are accidentally
destroyed by missile attacks during periods of violence . [3]In some
conflict areas where civil wars often break out ， fighters have even
destroyed heritage sites on purpose .
　　Meanwhile， World Heritage status may give rise to a series of
problems. One of the problems is the flood of tourists.[4] Millions of
tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every year， so it is only
natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear . The temples of
Angkor in Cambodia are typical examples of unique
architecture.[5] Every day， thousands of tourists climbing up the narrow
stone steps are wearing down these ancient buildings and the long-term
consequences could lead to irreparable destruction of the internal
structure.
　　[3]where引導限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞areas， where在從句
中作地點狀語。
　　[4]本句整體上是并列句。后一個分句中，it作形式主語，that引
導的主語從句作真正的主語。
　　[5]動詞-ing短語climbing up the narrow stone steps作后置定語，
修飾tourists。
⑧wear down （使）磨損，（使）逐漸磨平
⑨pyramid n.金字塔
⑩originally adv.原來；起初
ruin vt.破壞，毀壞；使破產，毀滅n.毀壞，毀滅；破產；殘垣斷壁
incredible adj.極好的，極大的；不能相信的，難以置信的
a great deal of 許多，大量的
cultural and natural heritage sites
文化和自然遺址
clay n.黏土，陶土
sculpture n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻術
clay sculptures 泥塑
missile n.導彈
violence n.暴力，暴行；狂熱，激情
violent adj.暴力的；強烈的
conflict n.（軍事）沖突，戰斗；爭論；矛盾，不一致 vi.沖突，
抵觸
civil adj.國民的；國家的；民事的
civil war 內戰
break out 爆發
on purpose 故意地
status n.身份，地位；狀況，情形
give rise to 造成，引起，導致
wear and tear （正常使用造成的）磨損，損耗
irreparable adj.無法彌補的，不能修復的，不可恢復的
internal adj.內部的；國內的
external adj.外部的；外在的
　　Due to human population growth， the demand for production and
consumption of goods increases. Widespread development puts our
cultural and natural heritage sites in danger. Many heritage sites are even
at risk of being lost forever. Take the Historic Centre of Vienna in Austria
as an example . The city has been recognized as the musical capital of
Europe since the 16th century， home to the likes of Mozart and
Beethoven. It is now on the List of World Heritage in Danger due to high-
rise construction projects in central Vienna.
　　[6]Such dangers can have disastrous outcomes not only for the sites
themselves， but also for people. For instance， the Great Barrier Reef
off the north-east coast of Australia is a natural heritage site in
danger.[7]Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global
warming， a large amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are
seriously affected， which harms its fragile natural ecology .[8] As well
as being home to a wide diversity of ocean species， the reef can boost
tourism and fishing in the local area， providing many job opportunities.
It also helps protect the coastline against waves and floods.
If the reef disappears， many people’s lives and possibly even their
homes will suffer greatly.
　　[6]句中not only ...， but also ...連接兩個并列成分作狀
語。
　　[7]過去分詞短語caused by global warming作后置定語，修
飾名詞temperatures；which引導非限制性定語從句，which指代
前面整個主句。
　　[8]介詞短語As well as being home to a wide diversity of
ocean species作狀語；動詞-ing短語providing many job
opportunities作結果狀語。
take ... as an example
以……為例
outcome n.結果，效果
disastrous outcomes 災難性后果
reef n.礁，礁脈
coral n.珊瑚 adj.珊瑚色的
ecology n.生態，生態學
　　Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all
mankind.[9]The more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of
our heritage sites， the more likely we are to treat them with respect.
These sites are the great wonders of our world and tell the story of human
civilization. We all share a joint responsibility to protect and preserve
them， not just for ourselves， but for future generations. If your heart
breaks like mine at the thought of our irreplaceable heritage being lost
forever， please take action. [10]If you’re interested， please look at
our website and participate in any way you can！ Thank you.
　　[9]本句為“the＋比較級 ...，the＋比較級 ...”結構，意為
“越……，就越……”。
　　[10]句中you can為定語從句，修飾先行詞way。
agenda n.計劃，方案；議程表，議事日程
for the benefit of 為了……的利益
share a joint responsibility to do sth
共同承擔做某事的責任
at the thought of 一想到……
【參考譯文】
瀕危遺產
　　歡迎大家。很高興來到這里。在開始演講之前，我想問問大家：
你曾為自然奇觀驚嘆嗎？你曾為人類文明著迷嗎？如果是這樣，你們
也許已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保護對人類具有文化
和自然重要性的遺址。我相信你們當中有些人聽說過聯合國教科文組
織遺產地，甚至可能已經去過一處了！現今全世界共有大約1100處遺
產地，分布在160多個國家。很遺憾，它們正面臨各種危險，其中多
處急需保護。我們來看一些具體問題。
　　遺產地會受到自然力的威脅。諸如風、水和氣溫等長期存在的自
然力會逐漸侵蝕遺產地。例如，吉薩的大金字塔現在比原來矮了幾
米。自然災害這種突發而強大的自然力會破壞遺產地：2003年，一場
可怕的地震襲擊了伊朗東南部，摧毀了巴姆古城的大部分地區。該古
城是一處令人嘆為觀止的聯合國教科文組織文化遺產地。
　　另一個重大威脅是人類活動。戰爭可以嚴重破壞文化與自然遺產
地。有時，驚人的古代泥塑與建筑會在突發暴力期間被導彈意外摧
毀。在一些經常爆發內戰的沖突地區，戰士甚至會故意炸毀遺產地。
　　與此同時，世界遺產這一地位也會帶來一系列問題。其中之一是
大量的游客。每年有大量游客到聯合國教科文組織世界遺產地旅游，
所以這些遺產地遭受損壞是很自然的。柬埔寨吳哥的寺廟是獨特建筑
的典型例子。每天，數千名游客攀爬狹窄的石階，磨損著這些古建
筑，長期的影響對內部結構可能造成不可修復的破壞。
　　由于人口增長，商品生產與消費需求也隨之增長。大范圍的發展
讓文化與自然遺產地處于危險中。很多遺產地甚至面臨永久消失的危
險。以奧地利的維也納歷史中心為例。自16世紀以來，維也納就是公
認的歐洲音樂之都，莫扎特、貝多芬這一類的音樂家居住于此。如今
因為市中心的高層建筑項目，維也納歷史中心被列入了《世界瀕危遺
產名錄》。
　　這些威脅不僅會給遺產地本身造成災難性后果，也會對人們產生
影響。例如，澳大利亞東北海岸的大堡礁是一處瀕危自然遺產地。由
于全球變暖引起海水溫度升高，大量珊瑚死亡，部分珊瑚礁受到嚴重
影響，這危害了其脆弱的自然生態。珊瑚礁不但是各種各樣海洋物種
的家園，還可以推動當地旅游業與漁業的發展，提供許多就業機會。
它還有助于保護海岸線免受海浪與洪水侵襲。如果珊瑚礁消失，許多
人的生活，甚至可能還有他們的家園都會深受其害。
　　為了全人類的利益，遺產保護是當務之急。我們越明白遺產地突
出的普遍價值，就越可能會尊重它們。這些遺產地是我們世界的偉大
奇觀，訴說著人類文明的故事。我們有共同的責任來保護、保存它
們，這不僅利在我輩，也利在后代。如果你們像我一樣，一想到我們
無可取代的遺產會永遠消失就覺得心碎，那么就請采取行動吧。如果
你們感興趣，請關注我們的網站，以任何力所能及的方式參與進來！
謝謝大家。
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
2
第一步：析架構，理文本脈絡
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精讀文，達明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What can we infer from the passage？（　　）
A. Global warming is threatening heritage sites.
B. Heritage protection is only for cultural heritage sites.
C. The temples of Angkor were ruined by missile attacks.
D. Human population growth is the main danger to heritage sites.
2. What does “so” refer to in the fifth sentence in Paragraph 1？
（　?。?br/>A. Natural wonders.
B. Human civilization.
C. Feeling amazed by human and natural power.
D. Asking some questions about natural and human wonders.
3. Why is “the Great Pyramid of Giza” mentioned in Paragraph 2？
（　　）
A. To show its popularity.
B. To express the need to protect it.
C. To help people recognise its height.
D. To prove natural forces’ damage to heritage sites.
4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “wear and
tear” in Paragraph 4？ （　?。?br/>A. Something torn up.
B. Wearing old clothes.
C. A surprising experience.
D. The damage of normal use.
5. What’s the general idea of the passage？ （　　）
A. Heritage sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
B. We should try to preserve heritage sites at risk.
C. Wars can cause a lot of damage to heritage sites.
D. We should pay more attention to global warming.
第三步：通詞句，學語言表達
1. 詞匯學習——循規律，記單詞
（1）以后綴-ation結尾的名詞
①civilize→civilization n.文明；社會文明；文明社會，文明
世界
②associate→association n.交往
③accommodate→accommodation n.住處；膳宿
④appreciate→appreciation n.感激
⑤admire→admiration n.欽佩；羨慕
⑥transport→transportation n.運輸
⑦relax→relaxation n.消遣，放松
（2）以-ist為后綴的高頻名詞
①special→specialist n.專家；專科醫生
②journal→journalist n.新聞工作者；記者
③social→socialist n.社會主義者
④economy→economist n.經濟學家
⑤psychology→psychologist n.心理學家
2. 美句欣賞——賞佳句，品用法
設問：明知故問，自問自答或只問不答，這種修辭手法叫設問。本
文使用設問導入話題，吸引聽眾注意力，啟發聽眾思考，引入文章
話題。
請從課文中找出有此類用法的句子，朗讀并翻譯。
原句：




翻譯：



Before we begin， I want to ask you： have you ever been
awed by natural wonders？Have you ever been fascinated by human
civilization？ If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is
fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to
mankind.　
在開始演講之前，我想問問大家：你曾為自然奇觀驚嘆
嗎？你曾為人類文明著迷嗎？如果是這樣，你們也許已經明白為什
么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的
遺址?！?br/>第四步：析難句，清閱讀障礙
1. Millions of tourists travel to UNESCO World Heritage Sites every
year， so it is only natural that the sites suffer a bit of wear and tear.
句式分析
自主翻譯

每年有大量游客到聯合國教科文組織世界遺產地旅游，所
以這些遺產地遭受損壞是很自然的?！?br/>2. Due to high seawater temperatures caused by global warming， a large
amount of coral is killed and parts of the reef are seriously affected，
which harms its fragile natural ecology.
句式分析
自主翻譯

由于全球變暖引起海水溫度升高，大量珊瑚死亡，部分珊
瑚礁受到嚴重影響，這危害了其脆弱的自然生態?！?br/>第五步：拓視野，育思維品質
1. Is it a good idea to restore historic sites？ Why？ （Critical Thinking批
判性思維）




　In my opinion， it is a really good idea to restore historic sites that
have been damaged or destroyed.Historic sites reflect the glorious
history and rich culture of a particular period.Restoring historic sites
may also strengthen the link between the past and the present.　
2. As a senior student， what can you do in terms of protecting the
heritage sites？ （Creative Thinking創造性思維）





　Join the UNESCO volunteering programs； Raise public awareness
of heritage protection by sharing news and links through social media；
Make some posters about heritage and post them on the Internet； Be a
sustainable tourist by respecting local culture and customs and not
damaging sites or littering when visiting ...　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
Part Ⅰ　核心詞匯集釋
preserve vt.維護，保護，保存；維持
【教材原句】　If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is
fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.
如果是這樣，你們也許已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保
護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址。
【用法】
（1）preserve ...from ...　　保護……免于……
preserve sth＋形容詞 把某物保存得……
be well/strictly preserved 被很好/嚴格地保存
（2）nature preserve 自然保護區
（3）preservation n.　保護，保存，貯藏；維護
【佳句】　Our suggestions are that these traditional customs （should）
be well preserved and handed down one generation after another.
我們的建議是，這些傳統的習俗應該很好地被保留下來并且一代一代
地傳承下去。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I think it worthwhile to visit that ancient town， where all the traditional
buildings （preserve） perfectly.
②Well before the arrival of freezers， there was a demand for ice for
food （preserve） and catering.
【寫美】　完成句子
③The organization was set up to
.
這個組織是為了保護這種瀕臨滅絕的物種而建立的。
are preserved　
preservation　
preserve this endangered species from
extinction　
urgent adj.緊急的，緊迫的；催促的，急切的
【教材原句】　Unfortunately， they face a variety of dangers and many
of them are in urgent need of protection.
很遺憾，它們正面臨各種危險，其中多處急需保護。
【用法】
（1）in urgent need of 　　急需……
it is urgent that ... 急需……
（2）urge vt. 敦促，力勸；竭力主張
n. 強烈的欲望，沖動
urge sb to do sth 敦促/力勸某人做某事
sb urged that ... （should） do sth
　某人極力主張/強烈要求……（應該）做某事
an/the urge to do sth 做某事的沖動
have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事
（3）urgently adv. 緊急地，急迫地
（4）urgency n. 緊急；迫切
【佳句】　The earthquake victims are in urgent need of medical
supplies.
地震災民迫切需要醫療物資。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The boys urged him （take） part in the competition.
②I have been feeling the urge （make） changes in my life.
③It is strongly urged by students that the library
（keep） open during the weekend.
④“We must find him，” she said （urgent）.
to take　
to make　
（should） be kept　
urgently　
【寫美】　完成句子
⑤The report urged that .
這份報告極力主張教所有兒童學游泳。
【點津】　urge后跟that引導的賓語從句或在it is urged that ...句型中
時，that從句中的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，即（should＋）動詞原形。
all children （should） be taught to swim　
wear down （使）磨損，（使）逐漸磨平
【教材原句】　The long-term natural forces， such as wind， water and
temperature， can gradually wear down heritage sites.諸如風、水和氣
溫等長期存在的自然力會逐漸侵蝕遺產地。
【用法】
wear sth down　磨平某物
wear sb down 消磨某人的斗志
wear down one’s resistance　　削弱某人的抵抗
wear off （感覺等）逐漸消失，消逝
wear on （時間）流逝
wear sb out 使某人筋疲力盡；使疲乏
wear out 穿破，磨損；（使）疲乏，（使）厭倦
wear thin 磨薄
【佳句】　My shoes have worn down because I have to walk a long
distance to school each day.我的鞋已經磨壞了，因為我每天必須走很
遠的路去上學。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The effects of the drug naturally wear within a few hours.
②As the time wore ， she became more and more nervous.
③She was really worn after two sleepless nights.
【寫美】　完成句子
④The young people run around kicking a ball，
.
年輕人跑來跑去踢著球，把自己累得筋疲力盡。
off　
on　
out　
wearing themselves
out　
ruin vt.破壞，毀壞；使破產，毀滅 n.毀壞，毀滅；破產；殘垣斷
壁
【教材原句】　Natural disasters， the sudden and powerful natural
forces， can lead to the destruction of heritage sites： in 2003， a terrible
earthquake shook south-eastern Iran and ruined large parts of the city of
Bam， an incredible UNESCO cultural heritage site.自然災害這種突發
而強大的自然力會破壞遺產地：2003年，一場可怕的地震襲擊了伊朗
東南部，摧毀了巴姆古城的大部分地區。該古城是一處令人嘆為觀止
的聯合國教科文組織文化遺產地。
【用法】
（1）ruin oneself　 　毀掉自己；自取滅亡
ruin one’s health/fame/future 毀壞某人的健康/名譽/前途
（2）in ruins 毀壞；嚴重受損；破敗不堪
bring ...to ruin　　使……毀滅；使……沒落
go to ruin/fall into ruin 毀滅；毀壞；敗落
the ruins of ... ……的遺跡
【佳句】　Last weekend， my classmates and I visited the ruins of an
ancient castle.
上周末，我和我的同學們參觀了一個古城堡的遺跡。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①A lot of old buildings in the town （ruin） during the
earthquake in 2008.
②After the earthquake， the beautiful city was in （ruin） and
thousands of people lost their homes.
【寫美】　句式升級
③It rained for two weeks， which completely ruined our holiday.
→It rained for two weeks， .（動詞-
ing短語作狀語）
were ruined　
ruins　
completely ruining our holiday　
conflict n.（軍事）沖突，戰斗；爭論；矛盾，不一致 vi.沖突，抵
觸
【教材原句】　In some conflict areas where civil wars often break out，
fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose.在一些經常爆發內
戰的沖突地區，戰士甚至會故意炸毀遺產地。
【用法】
（1）come into conflict with sb　與某人爭執/沖突
in conflict 處于矛盾中
in conflict with sb （over sth） （在某事上）與某人相沖突
（2）conflict with 與……抵觸/沖突
【佳句】　There is a conflict between what they are doing and what you
want.
他們所做的與你想要的之間存在沖突。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I found myself conflict with others from time to time.
②She often comes conflict with her mother-in-law， which
makes her husband very angry.
【寫美】　完成句子
③These results .
這些結果與早期的發現相矛盾。
in　
into　
conflict with earlier findings　
assess vt.評估，評定；估算
【教材原句】　For years， a panel of specialists discussed and assessed
different means of repairing the pagoda.
多年來，一個專家小組討論和評估了修復佛塔的不同方法。
【用法】
（1）assess sb/sth as ... 評定某人/某事為……
be assessed as ... 被評定為……
assess sth at ... 估價某物為……
（2）assessment n. 評價；評估；核定的付款額
make an assessment/assessments of ... 對……進行判斷/評估
【佳句】　Examinations are not the only means of assessing a student’s
ability.
考試不是評價學生能力的唯一手段。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They assessed the value of the house over $25，000.
②I have a pupil who scored very low in （assess） but is
keen as mustard.
【寫美】　完成句子
③Quality of the products could good， qualified and
bad.
產品的質量可以被評定為好、合格和差。
at　
assessments　
be assessed as　
Part Ⅱ　重點句型解構
句型公式：if引導的條件狀語從句的省略
【教材原句】　If so， you might already understand why UNESCO is
fighting to preserve sites of cultural and natural importance to mankind.
如果是這樣，你們也許已經明白為什么聯合國教科文組織正在竭力保
護對人類具有文化和自然重要性的遺址。
【用法】
（1）if so是if引導的條件狀語從句的省略形式，可以用來代替整個從
句，省略前面出現的主語和謂語，表示肯定意義；如果表示否定意
義，則用if not。
（2）if構成的常見省略形式：
if so　　　　　如果是這樣的話
if not 如果不這樣的話；如果沒有
if ever 如果曾經有過/發生過的話
if any 如果有的話
if possible 如果有可能；如果可能的話
if necessary 如果有必要的話
【品悟】　If so， what did you do to grow them？
如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植它們？
【寫美】　句型轉換/完成句子
①If it is necessary， our school will provide the students with the
language training courses.
→ ， our school will provide the students with the
language training courses.
②Wash it in water and pick out the small particles， if there are any.
→Wash it in water and pick out the small particles， .
If necessary　
if any　
③If it is convenient for you， let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school
gate. .
如果你方便的話，我們上午8：30在校門口外見面。如果不方便，讓
我知道什么時間最適合你。
If not， let me know what time suits you best　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
根據所給單詞的首字母或漢語提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。
1. It’s normal that not all s are convinced of the assumption.
2. Putting yourself in their shoes is of great importance when you have
c with friends.
3. With strong support from the government， a new town was built upon
the earthquake r .
pecialists　
onflicts　
uins　
4. Actually， many c cases can be settled peacefully out of court.
5. I hope you’ll take the challenge and find i joy in the
process.
6. Pollution has had a disastrous effect on the （生態） of
that region.
7. Henry Moore is considered to be the father of modern
British （雕塑）.
8. They have been studying the （內部的）structure of the
old buildings.
ivil　
ncredible　
ecology　
sculpture　
internal　
9. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China and one of the
mother rivers of Chinese （文明）.
10. It is said that she is not very optimistic about the （結
果） of the talks.
civilization　
outcome　
維度二：詞形轉換
用括號內單詞的正確形式填空。
1. Sorry to disturb you， but I have something （urgency） to
tell you.
2. He lives a very simple life although he has become
（incredible） rich.
3. The group has expressed concern about reports of political
（violent） in that region.
4. Lin Qiaozhi was a （special） in women’s diseases
and she safely delivered more than 5，000 babies in her life.
urgent　
incredibly　
violence　
specialist　
5. With new applicants， we offer a one-time brief free-of-charge
phone （consult） with our experts.
6. Believe it or not， ancient Chinese people had their own methods of
heat （preserve）in winter.
7. What did you do in the annually （assess） of the
company？
8. Private cars， as the product of modern （civilize），
have been playing a vital part in the daily life.
consultation　
preservation　
assessment　
civilization　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
根據漢語及括號內提示完成下列句子。
1. 因為長途跋涉，我的皮質鞋底已經磨平了。（wear down）
My leather soles because of the long distance
journey.
2. 北極熊越靠近我們，我們就感到越害怕。（the＋比較級 ...， the
＋比較級 ...）
the polar bear was， we got.
have worn down　
The nearer
the more frightened
3. 你應該努力學習。如果這樣，你就能通過考試。（if引導的狀語從
句的省略）
You should study hard. ， you can pass the exam.
4. 他向兒子作出承諾，他會給他買一輛自行車。（同位語從句）
He he would buy a bike for him.
5. 你們憑借努力通過了這么難的考試，那是自然的。（it作形式
主語）
you have passed the difficult exam with your
efforts.
If so　
made a promise to his son that　
It is natural that　
6. 旅游不僅可以讓人們感到放松和愉快，而且可以增長人們的知識。
（not only ...but also ...）
Not only people feel relaxed and pleased，
increase their knowledge.
can travel make　
but
it can also　
維度四：課文語法填空
閱讀課文內容， 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確
形式。
　　UNESCO is fighting 1. （preserve） heritage sites of
cultural and natural importance to mankind because they are
2. （fascinate） but many are in great danger.
to preserve　
fascinating　
　　There are many factors 3. put them in danger.The
first thing is natural forces.They can 4. （destroy） by
sudden and powerful natural forces like earthquakes.Human activities are
another big danger.With the 5. （grow） of human
population and widespread development that follows， many heritage sites
are even at risk of 6. （lose） forever.
that/which　
be destroyed　
growth　
being lost　
　　Such dangers can have severe 7. （consequent）
for both the sites and people.For example， the loss of the coral and the
reef in the Great Barrier Reef will cause diverse ocean species to lose their
homes， and leave the coastline 8.
（unprotect）.Moreover， if the reef disappears， many people’s lives
9. possibly even their homes will suffer greatly.
　　Heritage sites are the great wonders of our world.We preserve them，
10. just for ourselves， but for future generations.
consequences　
unprotected　
and　
not　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　The International Council on Monuments and Sites （ICOMOS） has
partnered with Google and 3D surveying firm CyArk to establish a web
database that tracks how five UNESCO World Heritage Sites are affected
by climate change.The portal （門戶網站） is called Heritage on the
Edge.It showcases the craggy cliffs （陡峭的懸崖） surrounding
Edinburgh Castle， Easter Island’s famed sculptures and other cultural
heritage hotspots.Climate change’s effects on the five locations range
from erosion caused by crashing waves and strong winds to rising seas that
threaten the cliffs， ocean acidification and rainstorms.
　　At Easter Island， known to its indigenous community as Rapa Nui，
climate change’s effects are written into the landscape.Coastal erosion
has already made some of the island’s historic Moai statues collapse.In
2017， CyArk traveled to Rapa Nui in order to record several at-risk
structures using a variety of 3D recording technologies including LiDAR，
photogrammetry and drone imagery to produce an accurate surface
model.The resulting data was provided to the authorities in order to inform
their work to manage the heritage of the island.
　　Each heritage site featured on the portal is accompanied by 3D
models， as well as interviews with local ICOMOS representatives and
residents of areas surrounding the cultural centers.Curious users can look
through photographs， listen to audio clips （音頻片段）， read histories
and explore models of the sites.Some pages， like the one for Scotland’s
capital city of Edinburgh， even include interactive designs.Heritage on
the Edge has also published two AR“pocket galleries” illustrating the
Nine Dome Mosque and Kilwa Kisiwani’s Gereza Kilwa Fort.Each
gallery offers a short guide to spotting signs of deterioration （惡化）
linked to climate change.
　　“Climate change is a thing that scares many people， but there is
hope，” says ICOMOS’ Milagros Flores to Heritage on the Edge.“It
is about creating awareness， being watchful， and understanding that this
is the moment for each one to do their part， so that everyone puts their
grain of sand into this great effort.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個記錄氣候變化
對世界遺產的影響的數據庫。
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個記錄氣候變化
對世界遺產的影響的數據庫。
1. What information does Heritage on the Edge provide？（　?。?br/>A. Detailed accounts of how three parties formed a partnership.
B. Behind-the-scene stories of how the portal was created.
C. A global survey’s results about major threats to heritage.
D. Climate change’s impact on some World Heritage Sites.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段中的The International Council
on Monuments and Sites ...Heritage on the Edge.可知，三方合作建
立了一個網絡數據庫，它會追蹤五個世界遺產地是如何被氣候變化
所影響的。
2. Why did CyArk visit Easter Island？（　?。?br/>A. To collect data about threatened statues.
B. To test out their 3D recording technologies.
C. To seek expert advice from local authorities.
D. To figure out why some statues on the island collapse.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段中的CyArk traveled to Rapa Nui
in order to record several at-risk structures可知，為了記錄這些石像的
情況，CyArk前往了Rapa Nui（即Easter Island）。換句話說，
CyArk之所以來到Easter Island，是為了收集這些石像的數據。
3. What does Paragraph 3 mainly explain？（　　）
A. Heritage on the Edge’s features.
B. Users’ responses to Heritage on the Edge.
C. Some heritage sites’ historical significance.
D. Technologies’ role in tackling the climate crisis.
解析：　段落大意題。通讀第三段內容可知，該段主要介紹了
Heritage on the Edge這一門戶網站的幾項功能。
4. What message does Milagros Flores most want to give us？（　?。?br/>A. Climate optimism might backfire.
B. Advanced technology is key to climate action.
C. Collective action on climate change should be taken.
D. People’s environmental efforts should be appreciated.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Milagros Flores的話可知，
她最想傳遞的信息是：我們應該集體應對氣候變化。
B
　　Discoveries at the famous Sanxingdui Ruins in Southwest China show
that the region’s ancient Shu civilization shared similarities with ancient
Maya civilization.
　　The Sanxingdui Ruins belongs to the ancient Shu Kingdom that
existed at least 4，800 years ago and lasted more than 2，000 years，
while the Maya civilization built its city-states around 200 CE.
　　The bronze-made remains of trees unearthed at the ruins of the ancient
Shu Kingdom resemble the sacred ceiba tree， which symbolizes the union
of heaven， earth and the underworld in the Maya civilization.“They are
very important similarities，” says Santos， a Mexican archaeologist
stressing that “the representations of trees in both cultures provide the
symbolism that is very similar ”.
　　The findings at the Sanxingdui Ruins， considered one of the greatest
archaeological discoveries of the 20th century， also show a new aspect of
Bronze Age culture， indicating the ancient civilization already had
technologies that were thought to have been developed much later.
　　While the time span between the ancient Shu Kingdom and the Maya
is great， the findings highlight the closeness between the two
civilizations.They developed in areas with comparable climates and
reflected their world view through related symbols.“In the end， man is
still man， independent of time and space.What we have is that， at this
latitude （緯度）， both the Shu people and the Mayans looked at the
same sky and had the same stars on the horizon，” the expert says.
　　One notable feature of the recent discoveries at Sanxingdui was the
cross-subject work and technology applied by teams of Chinese
archaeologists， which allowed the unearthing of artefacts as fragile as silk
remains， which other types of less careful digging methods would not
have been able to register.
　　Cooperation between Chinese and Mexican archaeologists could
benefit projects in Maya， where the rainy climate and humidity are
problematic for the conservation of ruins.
　　“Every time our cultural knowledge increases， regardless of
whether we speak the same language or not， what it shows us is that we
continue to be sister cultures and， therefore， the exchange of such
knowledge is fundamental，” says Santos.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了三星堆遺址和瑪雅文明
的相似之處，并說明了文化知識交流極其重要。
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了三星堆遺址和瑪雅文明
的相似之處，并說明了文化知識交流極其重要。
5. What is a similarity between the ancient Shu civilization and Maya
civilization？（　?。?br/>A. Their starting time.
B. Their historical origins.
C. Their cultural symbols.
D. Their ceremony traditions.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段內容可知，在古蜀國遺址出土
的青銅制樹木殘片類似于瑪雅文明中的圣樹，古蜀國與瑪雅文明這
兩種文化中樹木的象征意義非常相似。由此可知，古蜀國與瑪雅文
明的相似之處在于它們有相似的文化象征。
6. What have the findings at the Sanxingdui Ruins proved？（　　）
A. Silk was a common clothing material then.
B. Some technologies were developed much earlier.
C. The Bronze Age started earlier than previously assumed.
D. The ancient Shu Kingdom and the Maya had close contact.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第四段中的indicating the ancient
civilization already had technologies that were thought to have been
developed much later可知，三星堆遺址的發現表明古代文明早已有
了被認為是在很久以后才發展起來的技術。由此可知，三星堆遺址
的發現證明了古代的一些技術要比我們認為的發展得更早。
7. What is a common challenge for the conservation of both ruins？
（　?。?br/>A. Damp weather. B. Positioning of ruins.
C. High latitude. D. Language barriers.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第五段中的They developed in areas
with comparable climates和倒數第二段可知，三星堆遺址和瑪雅文
明所處地區氣候相似，多雨潮濕的氣候對瑪雅文明的保護造成了困
難，由于氣候相似，多雨潮濕的氣候也對三星堆遺址的保護造成了
困難。由此可知，保護這兩處遺址的共同挑戰是潮濕的天氣。
8. What is the purpose of quoting Santos’ words in the last paragraph？
（　?。?br/>A. To show our cultural knowledge is increasing.
B. To explain the benefits of speaking different languages.
C. To prove the increasing sisterhood in culture between China and
Mexico.
D. To highlight the importance of the exchange of cultural knowledge.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的the exchange of such
knowledge is fundamental可知，桑托斯認為知識的交流是至關重要
的。由此可知，最后一段引用桑托斯的話旨在強調文化知識交流的
重要性。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Across Singapore， open-air food complexes are everywhere.They
are packed with small stalls （攤位）， manned by hawkers （小
販）.For visitors， hawker centers might just seem like large food
courts：9.（　　）， then pay a few dollars for a plateful of food to
enjoy at a shared table.
　　10. （　　）.These food centers are beloved places representing the
country’s melting-pot （熔爐） culture， where people of Chinese，
Indian， and Malay descent （血統） gather together to find something
delicious.
　　Hawkers are so central to Singapore life that the country led a
successful campaign to have the practice included in the 2020 UNESCO
Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.11.
（　　）.The cost of labor has gone up， with the younger， better-
educated generation put off by the long hours and physical work the field
requires.As aging hawkers retire， few in their families want to follow in
their footsteps.With no one willing to take over the family business，some
stalls — and their recipes — risk extinction.
　　In 2020， the Singapore government launched the Hawkers’
Development Programme， paying experienced hawkers an allowance to
teach newcomers their craft.12.（　?。?In the coming years，
Singaporeans might start to notice more fresh faces behind the stalls，
telling a different kind of story with their food.
　　“Just as the hawker centers we know today didn’t exist 50 years
ago， there will continue to be evolutions，” says Lily Kong， author of
Singapore Hawker Centres：People， Places， Food.“13.
（　?。?But we would do well to grasp its essence and preserve the
informal dining， community bonding， multicultural mixing， and
access to all.”
A. Go cook a quick， hearty meal
B. Follow your nose or the longest line
C. We need to make them our local cultural heroes
D. There is no reason to lock in hawker culture as we know it today
E. Still， for both experienced and newer hawkers， challenges remain
F. For Singaporeans， hawker culture is about more than just a good meal
G. First-time hawkers also receive deeply discounted rent in their first year
or so
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。保護新加坡小販文化，讓世界遺產
活起來，傳下去。
本文是一篇說明文。保護新加坡小販文化，讓世界遺產
活起來，傳下去。
9. B　上文介紹了露天美食中心在新加坡隨處可見，那里到處都是由
小販經營的小攤位。對游客來說，小販中心就像大型美食廣場一樣。
設空處后的內容指出：然后買一盤食物，在共享餐桌上食用。由此可
推知，設空處應描述游客在購買食物前的動作，故B項符合語境。
10. F　下文介紹了這些美食中心代表著新加坡的熔爐文化，華人、印
度人和馬來人都聚在一起尋找美味佳肴。F項承上啟下，符合語境。F
項中的culture與設空處后一句中的culture構成原詞復現。
11. E　上文提及新加坡小販文化在2020年被聯合國教科文組織列入
《人類非物質文化遺產代表作名錄》。下文介紹了小販行業的工作時
長和體力勞動讓年輕一代望而止步；隨著年邁的小販退休，很少有家
庭成員愿意繼續擺攤，某些攤位和食譜則可能會消失。E項對下文內
容作出概括說明，符合語境。E項中的challenges與下文中的risk
extinction相呼應。
12. G　上文介紹了新加坡政府啟動了小販發展計劃。下文提到在未
來的幾年里，新加坡人可能會在攤位后面看到更多新鮮面孔。G項符
合語境。G項中的First-time hawkers與設空處前一句中的newcomers以
及設空處后一句中的fresh faces相呼應。
13. D　上文講述了Lily Kong的觀點：“今天大家所熟悉的小販中心
在50年前并不存在，同樣地，它在未來也會不斷演變發展?！毕挛慕?br/>著又提到：“但我們最好抓住其本質，保護這種就餐模式及其帶來的
社區聯系、多元文化融合，保證人人都能接觸到?！盌項緊承上文，
符合語境，且與下文構成轉折關系。
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