資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
維度一：基礎題型練
根據語境用適當的關系詞填空。
1.Her father works in a factory， 　　　　　　he makes cars.
2.The old lady has two daughters， one of 　　　　is working abroad.
3.This is one of the reasons 　　　　　　you have to give it up.
4.Whenever I met her， 　　　　　　was fairly often， she greeted me with a sweet smile.
5.　　　　　　 is reported in the newspaper， a serious accident has happened recently in the suburbs.
6.The owner paid the worker for cleaning the whole building， most of 　　　　　　hadn’t been cleaned for at least one month.
7.The old woman， 　　　　　　lives on her own， has a cat for company.
8.To be honest， my cousin is not such a fool 　　　　　　he looks.
9.Yang Liwei， 　　　　　　parents are teachers， is the first in China to travel into space.
10.These apple trees， 　　　　　　I planted on my own， have grown very well.
維度二：語法與寫作
句型轉換。
1.He visited the Great Wall again.He went there two years ago.
→He visited the Great Wall again， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.He failed in the examination.It made him a bit discouraged.
→He failed in the examination， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.He must be from Africa.It can be seen from his skin.
→He must be from Africa， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.He has organised a team of workers.All of them are hard-working.
→He has organised a team of workers， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.The people living in the village have moved to other areas.
→The people 　　　　　　　　　　　　have moved to other areas.
維度三：語法與語篇
閱讀下面短文，用適當的關系詞填空。
　　The very film 1.　　　　　　 is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story， 2.　　　　　　 is popular with the public， 3.　　　　　　 hero and heroine are Jack and Rose.Rose was a young beautiful woman， 4.　　　　　　 went to America with her mother.Jack， 5.　　　　　　 won a ship ticket by playing cards， was a poor painter.They met and fell in love with each other on Titanic， 6.　　　　　　 they had a happy time.Sadly， the nice journey was destroyed by a huge iceberg， and Jack lost his life for saving Rose.Before Jack left Rose forever， he encouraged Rose to live well for him.7.　　　　　 is known to all， love is the strongest strength.And that’s the reason 8.　　　　　　 Rose could live on and tell us the moving story.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Robert Adolf， a 24-year-old vlogger from Germany， filmed the celebration activities of the Miao ethnic group at the Guzang Festival on 25 November.This marked the completion of Adolf and his friends’ task of filming all seven of Guizhou’s native ethnic groups for a documentary project.
　　The Guzang Festival is the traditional celebration of the Miao ethnic group， and married women from Yegai Village， Leishan County’s Langde Town， will travel together back to their parents’ homes in the village during the festival.
　　Crowds of Miao women dressed in traditional clothing have become a popular scene at the Guzang Festival， which attracts tourists from all over the globe.
　　That’s one of the reasons why Adolf attended the festival.He became interested in China’s history and culture due to the Disney movie Mulan when he was a child.He said that he came to China in 2017 to work for a German company in South Central China’s Hunan Province， and then moved to Lianyungang in East China’s Jiangsu Province to work in foreign trade.
　　Adolf speaks fluent Chinese and is commonly known as the “Germany’s Stuffed Steamed Bun” on Chinese social media platforms.During a trip to China’s rural areas， Adolf was impressed by China’s ethnic cultures and decided to shoot documentaries about China’s 56 ethnic groups.
　　In July 2021， Adolf and his three Chinese friends initiated their documentary project by hopping in a car and taking road trips to record the real lives of different Chinese ethnic groups.
　　Adolf and his friends departed from Lianyungang on 5 September and filmed the customs and cultures of Tujia， Miao， Dong， Bouyei， Yao and Sui ethnic groups in Hubei Province， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Guizhou Province.
　　When asked about Guizhou specifically， Adolf said， “I want to share Guizhou and China’s ethnic culture with the world to allow more people to learn about Guizhou and learn about China.”
1.Why did Adolf come to China？（　　）
A.He had a project in China.
B.He had many friends in China.
C.He was hired by a Chinese company.
D.He was fascinated by Chinese culture.
2.What made Adolf decide to shoot documentaries about China’s 56 ethnic groups？（　　）
A.An adventurous exploration.
B.An impressive travel experience.
C.A desire to realize his dream.
D.A deep understanding of Chinese culture.
3.What does the underlined word “initiated” in Paragraph 6 mean？（　　）
A.Started. B.Introduced.
C.Updated. D.Continued.
4.What’s the writing purpose of the text？（　?。?br/>A.To compare Chinese culture and Western culture.
B.To share Adolf’s working experience in China.
C.To introduce a documentary project by Adolf.
D.To attract more foreign visitors to come to China.
B
　　In 1924， the world-famous sculptor Gutzon Borglum and his thirteen-year-old son took a trip together out west.They left their home in Connecticut and， days later， got off a train in Rapid City， South Dakota.Only about six thousand people lived in Rapid City.South Dakota had been a state for only thirty-five years.The Borglums actually were just in the center of the United States.
　　Gutzon had come to South Dakota to see if he could find a mountain to carve into the biggest sculpture in the country.He was a patriotic man， and his idea was to give America a sculpture to glorify its greatness.Perhaps it could be huge carvings of great Americans with heads as high as the tallest buildings.What an amazing idea！ But many people thought it was crazy.And no one， not even Borglum himself， realised how hard it would be to do.
　　Gutzon and his son， Lincoln， travelled into the wild country of the Black Hills.The Black Hills is an area 120 miles long and sixty miles wide.It rises up four thousand feet and more.The Borglum party climbed to the top of the tallest mountain， Harney Peak.Far away， Gutzon could see a granite （花崗石） mountain.It stood higher than the surrounding peaks.That would be the place for his giant sculpture！
　　The name of the mountain was Mount Rushmore.Today， huge six-storey-high carved heads of presidents George Washington， Thomas Jefferson， Theodore Roosevelt， and Abraham Lincoln gaze out from high on the granite face of Mount Rushmore.Borglum overcame an incredible number of obstacles to create this great national monument.He said it was like waging a one-man war.
　　Mount Rushmore has become a symbol of patriotism and pride for many Americans.But people from all over the world travel to marvel at it.Even so， there are people who think it should not ever have been made.
5.What do we learn about South Dakota in 1924？（　?。?br/>A.It was a little wild.
B.It had a long history.
C.It had a large population.
D.It was in the south of America.
6.Why did Gutzon Borglum leave his home？（　?。?br/>A.To explore nature.
B.To seek his fortune.
C.To complete a project.
D.To take an adventure trip.
7.What is special about Mount Rushmore？（　?。?br/>A.Its economic status.
B.Its political significance.
C.Its cultural advantage.
D.Its geographical position.
8.Which of the following words can best describe Gutzon Borglum？（　　）
A.Curious and smart. B.Kind and generous.
C.Hard-working and practical. D.Ambitious and determined.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　 Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Middle East and one of the fastest-growing tourism destinations in the world.9.（　　）.AlUla and Diriyah are just a few examples of these heritage sites at the heart of Saudi Arabia’s destination development.Natural possessions are also a fundamental part of Saudi Arabia’s heritage and sustainability with preservation high on the agenda.NEOM will generate zero carbon emissions and Diriyah will welcome 27 million visitors while preserving the UNESCO site at Turaif and restoring Wadi Hanifah.10.（　?。?
　　Adventuring in deserts
　　Part of what’s special about the Arabian Peninsula — and specifically Saudi Arabia — is its desert.11.（　?。?From adrenaline-packed excursions like dune bashing and sandboarding to more serene， history-inspired activities such as camel riding and Arabian camping， the desert in Saudi Arabia serves as a canvas for more than just adventure travellers.
　　12.（　　）
　　Visit the country’s many mosques and traditional markets to experience a rhythm of life that has little changed over the centuries.And， for a taste of modern Saudi Arabia， don’t miss the urban districts and entertainment centres where people meet to shop， dine or just spend time with friends.Explore the different regions to experience the multicultural variety of foods， lifestyles and customs.
　　Exploring Riyadh
　　Riyadh is the birthplace of today’s Saudi Arabia where tradition meets 21st century vision.13.（　　）.The capital city’s fascinating centuries-old history can still be found within its atmospheric bazaars （市場）， impressive museums and ancient architecture.Riyadh Season， one of the world’s largest lifestyle festivals， is a celebration of Riyadh through every touch point — music， art， theatre and food， spanning several zones across the city and perfect for every visitor.
A.Visiting traditions
B.Experiencing multiculture
C.In fact， Saudi Arabia is home to one of the largest sand desert on Earth
D.Here are some inspiring recommendations for exploring this diverse country
E.Saudi Arabia has introduced electronic visa measures to 49 countries to promote its tourism
F.Saudi Arabia has six UNESCO World Heritage Sites and more than 10，000 archaeological sites
G.It is a thriving metropolis with world-class dining， art and shopping， and a growing cultural scene
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　While using a vacuum cleaner （真空吸塵器） at home in 1978， James Dyson 　14　 that the cleaner lost suction （抽吸力） when the bag was only partly filled.After giving it much 　15　， Dyson created a model using his old vacuum as a starting point.
　　The product development process was 　16　.He created over 5，000 models in three years， trying to 　17　 the product.During this time， he 　18　 the money he had borrowed and his home mortgage （抵押貸款） grew increasingly bigger.He needed to finally make some money from his 　19　.
　　Dyson approached a large number of 　20　 customers — all with the same 　21　 result.One common 　22　 for these turndowns was that these companies made a lot of money selling bags and the Dyson Vacuum didn’t 　23　 bags.But Dyson continued his 　24　 to find a company that would license his product.Finally， a Japanese company accepted it.In 2002 Dyson introduced his top-selling vacuum products to the United States and met with immediate 　25　.
　　When you’re 　26　 a difficult goal， think about James Dyson.Reaching any goal involves 　27　 barriers.Every goal， no matter how 　28　， will be achievable if you just keep working at it.
14.（　）A.proved B.forgot
C.noticed D.checked
15.（?。〢.support B.thought
C.attention D.chance
16.（?。〢.natural B.complete
C.special D.tough
17.（?。〢.advertise B.clear
C.perfect D.design
18.（?。〢.faced up to B.ran out of
C.set aside D.drew out
19.（　）A.donation B.company
C.invention D.account
20.（?。〢.current B.potential
C.important D.international
21.（?。〢.direct B.impressive
C.desired D.negative
22.（　）A.cause B.choice
C.source D.channel
23.（?。〢.use B.sell
C.buy D.make
24.（?。〢.claims B.needs
C.tasks D.efforts
25.（　）A.refusal B.contribution
C.success D.consequence
26.（　）A.establishing B.tackling
C.requiring D.achieving
27.（　）A.identifying B.avoiding
C.raising D.overcoming
28.（?。〢.discouraging B.surprising
C.frightening D.disappointing
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Lying in southeastern Xizang autonomous region and in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River， the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon is the world’s 29.　　　　　　 （big） and deepest canyon and the largest water vapour （水汽） channel on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.It 30.　　　　　　 （combine） soaring peaks with deep canyons — a rare natural wonder in the world’s history of river 31.　　　　　　 （develop）.
　　As the Yarlung Zangbo River took a horseshoe-shaped turn around Mount Namjagbarwa and then ran towards the Indian Ocean， the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon 32.　　　　　　 （create）.It is surrounded with snow-capped peaks， glaciers and forests， as well as 33.　　　　　　 （awe） waterfalls， hot springs， clear streams and 34.　　　　　　 （rush） rivers.
The Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon at the eastern end of the Himalayan range is home 35.　　　　　　 Mount Namjagbarwa， the highest mountain close to Nyingchi city， with 36.　　　　　　 altitude of 7，782 metres.The holy mountain of the Bon is considered as “the father of glaciers”.Yet the snow peak does not show up very often.The fact 37.　　　　　 it is often hiding in mist adds to the mysterious quality of the holy mountain.The canyon has various geological 38.　　　　　　 （phenomenon） and is considered a rare “geological museum”.
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.where　2.whom　3.why　4.as　5.As　6.which　7.who
8.as　9.whose　10.which
維度二
1.where he went two years ago　2.which made him a bit discouraged　3.which/as can be seen from his skin
4.all of whom are hard-working　5.who live in the village
維度三
1.that　2.as　3.whose　4.who　5.who　6.where　7.As
8.why
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了阿道夫拍攝完成貴州七個本土少數民族紀錄片的起因和過程以及拍攝中國56個民族的計劃。
1.D　細節理解題。根據第三段內容和第四段前兩句可知，阿道夫在孩提時代就對中國的歷史和文化產生了興趣，參加苗族的鼓藏節是他來中國的一個原因。
2.B　細節理解題。根據第五段最后一句可知，在一次中國農村之行中，阿道夫對中國的民族文化印象深刻，于是決定拍攝關于中國56個民族的紀錄片。
3.A　詞義猜測題。根據倒數第二段內容可知，他們拍紀錄片的出發地是連云港，之后拍攝了沿途的少數民族的風俗和文化，所以畫線詞所在句指他和三位中國朋友通過搭乘汽車的方式開始拍攝沿途的少數民族的真實生活。因此，畫線詞意為“開始”，與A項同義。
4.C　寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了阿道夫的一部關于中國少數民族紀錄片的拍攝情況。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。拉什莫爾山又叫美國總統山、總統雕像山，它坐落于美國南達科他州基斯通附近的美利堅合眾國總統紀念公園。
5.A　細節理解題。根據第一段可知，南達科他州位于美國中部，當時才建州35年，人煙稀少。
6.C　推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，Gutzon Borglum離開家鄉來到南達科他州是為了完成自己心目中的一件雕塑作品。
7.B　細節理解題。根據最后兩段可知，Gutzon Borglum在拉什莫爾山上雕刻了四位美國總統的頭像，這使它成為美國愛國主義的象征。
8.D　推理判斷題。綜合全文可知，Gutzon Borglum在山上雕刻美國總統頭像的想法非常大膽，實現的過程也非常艱難，但最終成功了。由此可見，Gutzon Borglum是一個有抱負且意志堅定的人。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章向我們介紹了探索沙特阿拉伯的幾點建議。
9.F　根據空后一句可知，作者列舉埃爾奧拉和德拉伊耶是對F項（沙特阿拉伯擁有六處聯合國教科文組織世界遺產和一萬多處考古遺址）內容的舉例說明。
10.D　下文中的小標題Adventuring in deserts和Exploring Riyadh是給希望探索這個國家的人們的具體建議，D項（這里有一些關于探索這個多元化國家的鼓舞人心的建議）起到引出下文的作用。
11.C　根據空前一句可知，接下來要介紹的是沙特阿拉伯沙漠的特別之處，C項（事實上，地球上最大的沙漠之一位于沙特阿拉伯）是對上一句的解釋說明。
12.B　根據下文可知，本段介紹了沙特阿拉伯的傳統文化，同時也介紹了它的現代風情，B項（感受多元文化）是對本段內容的概括說明。
13.G　根據下文可知，Riyadh Season是一個集餐飲、藝術等內容的大型節日，是對G項（這是一個繁榮的大都市，擁有世界級的餐飲、藝術和購物以及不斷發展的文化場景）內容的舉例說明。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。詹姆斯·戴森花費三年的時間發明了不需要集塵袋的真空吸塵器，并堅持不懈地推銷它，最終該吸塵器成為暢銷款。
14.C　根據下文對James Dyson自己發明真空吸塵器的介紹可知，他是在打掃房間的時候，注意到真空吸塵器不等它的袋子滿了就失去了抽吸力。因此，思考之后，他利用現有的舊吸塵器制作了一款新吸塵器。
15.B　參見上題解析。
16.D　根據下文He created over 5，000 models in three years 可知，Dyson制作吸塵器的過程是很艱難的，在三年內，他一共做了五千多個模型，就是為了讓它更加趨于完美。
17.C　參見上題解析。
18.B　根據下文his home mortgage （抵押貸款） grew increasingly bigger可知，在研究制作吸塵器期間，Dyson花光了借來的錢，而且房子的抵押貸款也越積越高。因此，他急需通過售賣他發明的吸塵器來賺錢。
19.C　參見上題解析。
20.B　根據下文Finally， a Japanese company accepted it.可知，為了賺錢，Dyson拿著自己發明的吸塵器尋找潛在的客戶。
21.D　根據下文turndowns 可知，Dyson被很多公司拒絕了。
22.A　根據第一段中的the cleaner lost suction （抽吸力） when the bag was only partly filled和下文these companies made a lot of money selling bags可知，那些公司拒絕Dyson的共同原因是：Dyson發明的吸塵器不需要袋子，而他們靠賣袋子能賺很多錢。
23.A　參見上題解析。
24.D　根據上文Dyson approached a large number of 　20　 customers和下文Finally， a Japanese company accepted it.可知，雖然被眾多公司拒絕，但Dyson沒有放棄，繼續努力尋找愿意售賣自己的吸塵器的公司。
25.C　根據上文Finally， a Japanese company accepted it ...his top-selling vacuum products可知，最終，一個日本公司愿意售賣Dyson的吸塵器，之后，這種暢銷的吸塵器進入美國市場時，馬上取得了成功。
26.B　最后一段通過總結Dyson之前跨越障礙取得成功的事例告訴讀者：面對難以實現的目標時，就想想Dyson吧。通往任何目的地的路都會遇到障礙，然而，不管是多么讓人沮喪的目標，只要堅持，一定會取得成功。
27.D　參見上題解析。
28.A　參見第26題解析。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了雅魯藏布大峽谷，包括其地理位置、形成原因及景色等內容。
29.biggest　考查形容詞的最高級。根據空前的the world’s和空后的and deepest可知，此處表示“世界上最大、最深的峽谷”，設空處應用big的最高級形式。故填biggest。
bines　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。設空處作句子的謂語，描述客觀事實，時態應用一般現在時，且主語是It，應用第三人稱單數形式，故填combines。
31.development　考查詞形轉換。設空處被river修飾，作介詞of的賓語。根據語境可知，此處表示“河流發展史”，應用develop的名詞形式development。
32.was created　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可知，設空處作主句的謂語，根據As引導的時間狀語從句中的took可知，時態應用一般過去時，create和主語the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，且主語是單數概念，故填was created。
33.awesome　考查詞形轉換。設空處修飾waterfalls，作定語，應用形容詞awesome，意為“令人贊嘆的”。
34.rushing　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，設空處修飾rivers，作定語，應用非謂語動詞，rush與rivers之間是邏輯上的主動關系，應用動詞-ing形式。
35.to　考查介詞。be home to ...意為“是……的所在地”，為固定搭配。故填to。
36.an　考查冠詞。an altitude of ...意為“海拔為……”。故填an。
37.that　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結構可知，設空處引導同位語從句，解釋fact的具體內容，從句不缺少成分，語義完整，應用連接詞that。
38.phenomena　考查名詞復數。根據various可知，設空處應用phenomenon的復數形式phenomena，表示“各種地質現象”。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
非限制性定語從句
閱讀下列句子并思考加黑部分的用法。
1.These industries， in turn， give jobs to the local population， whose welfare depends on tourism.
2.The prices of tourist essentials such as transport， accommodation and food usually increase too， which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.
3.More nature-centred tourist attractions， where man and nature live in harmony， can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.
4.As resources are used more rapidly than they can be sustained， wildlife habitats are likely to suffer， which could endanger the local plants and animals.
5.Local festivals and customs， which may have deep meaning in a particular culture， can simply become entertainment for tourists.
【我的發現】
（1）以上句子均為　　　　　　　　從句，其標志為從句與主句之間有　　　　隔開。
（2）非限制性定語從句可以置于主句之中（如句3、5），前后都用　　　　隔開，也可以置于主句之后（如句1、2、4）。
一、非限制性定語從句的概述
　定語從句可以分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。非限制性定語從句和主句的關系并不十分密切，它的作用是用來提供附加的而非必要的信息，往往是對先行項或整個主句的解釋、補充或說明，它與主句之間通常用逗號隔開。若去掉此定語從句，句子的大意仍然明確，不會引起誤解和太大的歧義。
All the books here， which contain beautiful pictures， were written by him.
這里所有的書都是他寫的，書里面含有漂亮的圖畫。
二、非限制性定語從句的關系詞
非限制性定語從句由關系代詞which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as或關系副詞when、 where等引導，但不能用that引導。
關系詞 先行項 在定語從句中作的成分
關系 代詞 who 人 主語、賓語或表語
whom 人 賓語
which 物、整個主句 主語、賓語或表語
whose（＝of whom/of which） 人、物 定語
as 人、物、整個主句 主語、賓語
關系 副詞 when 時間名詞 時間狀語
where 通常是地點名詞 地點狀語
Charles Smith， who was my former teacher， retired last year.（主語）
查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾是我的老師。
I have invited more than one hundred friends to the party， all of whom are from abroad.（賓語）
我邀請了100多位朋友參加宴會，他們都來自國外。
Daisy， whose paper won a prize last month， is my best friend.（定語）
黛西是我最好的朋友，她的論文在上個月獲獎了。
Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada， where he had stayed two years.（地點狀語）
昨天，吉米動身去了加拿大，他曾在那里待了兩年。
We will put off the meeting until next week， when we won’t be so busy.（時間狀語）
我們將把會議推遲到下周，那時我們就不會那么忙了。
The earth goes around the sun， as we all know.（賓語）
眾所周知，地球繞著太陽轉。
【點津】　在非限制性定語從句中不能用that來代指人或物。
【即時演練1】　用適當的關系詞填空
?、佟　　　　　?we all know， China is a developing country.
②Peter， 　　　　　　you met in London， is now back in Paris.
③Tom will put off the picnic until tomorrow， 　　　　　　he will be free.
④He has been busy with his work the whole holiday， 　　　　　　has made his girlfriend unhappy.
⑤My friend， 　　　　　　has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life， will retire next month.
⑥They are all making a journey to Xizang， 　　　　　　I have been three times.
⑦My parents live in the tall building， 　　　　　　window faces to the blue sea.
⑧There are a total of 1，000 workers in this company， two thirds of 　　　　　　are women.
三、as和which引導的非限制性定語從句的區別
項目 as which
位置 先行項可以是整個主句或主句的一部分；as引導的從句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后 先行項可以是某個單詞或短語，也可以是整個主句或主句的一部分；which引導的從句可以置于主句之中或之后
意義 正如 這，那
功能 連接上下文的作用，表達說話人的觀點、看法，并指出主句內容的根據或出處等 引導的從句在意義上相當于一個并列句
The singer，as was expected， achieved a great success.
正如所期盼的那樣，這位歌手取得了巨大成功。 （as引導非限制性定語從句，代指整句意思）
The weather turned out to be very good， which was more than we could expect.
＝The weather turned out to be very good， and it was more than we could expect.
出乎我們意料的是，天氣變得非常好。（which引導非限制性定語從句，代指逗號前的The weather turned out to be very good）
【點津】?。?）as引導非限制性定語從句時，其后常接expect、 know、 report、 say、 see等動詞的主動或被動語態句以及用于一些固定結構中。如：as was expected （不出所料）、 as is mentioned above （正如上面所提到的）、 as is often the case （情況常常如此）等。
（2）as也可用在限制性定語從句中，此時它多和such、 so或the same連用，構成such/so ...as和the same ...as結構。
Such books as I have read are English novels.
我所讀過的書都是英語小說。（as作賓語）
【即時演練2】　選詞填空（as， which）
①　　　　　　 can be seen from his face， he is quite pleased.
②He said that he had never seen her before， 　　　　　　was not true.
③She has the same fair hair and blue eyes 　　　　　　her mother has.
④Tom is recovering from his operation， 　　　　　　makes me very happy.
⑤My new car， 　　　　　　I bought a year ago， isn’t running well.
四、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別
區別 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句
限制程度 不可或缺，去掉后主句意思不明確 補充說明主句，去掉后不影響主句意義的完整
句子結 構形式 前面沒有逗號 有逗號與先行詞隔開
翻譯方式 通常譯成先行詞的定語 通常譯成與主句并列的分句
That they will get married，which has not been announced， has spread around.
他們要結婚的消息還沒有被宣布，卻已經被傳得沸沸揚揚。
The children，who wanted to have a journey to the valley， were disappointed when the journey was cancelled.
那些想去山谷旅行的孩子都因旅行的取消而感到失望。
Yesterday， they went out to have a picnic in the suburb， where/in which they had a good time.昨天，他們到郊區去野餐了，在那里他們玩得很開心。
【即時演練3】　完成句子
?、賂he boy， 　　　　　　　　　　　　， studies very hard.
那個小男孩學習很努力，他的父親是一位工程師。
②These apple trees， 　　　　　　　　　， have not borne any fruit.
我三年前栽的這些蘋果樹還沒有結過果實。
③I have a friend 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我有一個留短發和一雙大眼睛的朋友。
④Many children go to a day care centre， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
很多孩子上日間托兒所，在那兒他們可以學習游戲。
五、使用非限制性定語從句的情況
1.關系代詞指代整個主句的內容時，用非限制性定語從句。這時which如果作主語，從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。
She said she had finished her work， which I doubted very much.
她說她已經完成了工作，我對此深感懷疑。（先行詞為主句的內容，且在從句中作賓語）
He is shallow， which is known to us all in our company.
他很膚淺，我們公司的人都知道。（先行詞為主句的內容，且在從句中作主語）
2.先行項指的是世界上獨一無二的事物、專有名詞或表示類屬事物時，用非限制性定語從句。
The moon， which is 384，400 kilometers away from the earth， creates many beautiful stories.
月球，這個離地球384400千米遠的星球，給人們帶來了很多美好的故事。
3.先行項指的是某人僅有的一個親屬時，用非限制性定語從句。
Tom’s father， who is over sixty， still works hard day and night.
湯姆的父親六十多歲了，他仍然從早到晚地努力工作。
4.出現some/many/few/a few/little/much/most/both/neither/two/...of which/whom結構時，常用非限制性定語從句，表示整體中的部分或所有。
He has two sons， both of whom are doctors.
他有兩個兒子，都是醫生。
5.非限制性定語從句不能用why引導，要用for which代替why。
I have told him the reason， for which I missed the early bus.
我沒能趕上早班車，我已經告訴了他原因。
【即時演練4】　完成句子
?、買t rained hard yesterday， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
昨天雨下得很大，這阻止了我去公園。
②Football， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　， is played all over the world.
足球是一項非常有趣的運動，全世界都在踢足球。
③They will fly to Washington， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他們將飛往華盛頓，他們計劃在那里待上兩到三天。
④There are over 100 people in the hall， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
大廳里有100多人，其中多數是學生。
⑤The reason， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， wasn’t given.
他為何不能降低消費，他沒有給出理由。
accommodation n.住處
【教材原句】　The prices of tourist essentials such as transport， accommodation and food usually increase too， which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.
交通、住宿和食物等游客的必需品的價格通常也會上漲，這給周邊社區帶來了更多的財富。
【用法】
（1）provide accommodations for 　　　　　　　　　　　為……提供食宿 （2）accommodate vt. 容納（乘客）；向……提供膳宿；使適應，順應 accommodate sb with sth 給某人提供某物 accommodate ...to ...＝adapt ...to ... 使……適應/迎合……（其中to為介詞） accommodate oneself to　 使自己適應…… accommodate sb for the night 留某人過夜
【佳句】　They offered me free accommodation for a year.
他們免費為我提供了一年的住宿。
【點津】　accommodation 作“膳食供應；食宿”講時常用復數形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It was very kind of you to accommodate me 　　　　　　the ticket for my journey.
②Her eyes took a while to accommodate 　　　　the darkness.
③The kind couple accommodated them 　　　　　　the night in their house.
④After settling in the urban area， he accommodated himself 　　　　　　the new circumstances quickly.
⑤When it comes to dormitories， what deserves your special attention is how much the 　　　　　　（accommodate） fee is.
【寫美】　完成句子
⑥The government 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　up to three thousand people.
政府將給多達3000人提供臨時食宿。
surrounding adj.周圍的，附近的
【用法】
（1）surroundings n.　環境（指周圍的環境） （2）surround v. 圍繞；包圍 surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/物包圍某人/物 be surrounded by/with ... 被……圍繞
【佳句】　We are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking， caving， climbing and cycling.
我們周圍是一個天然的操場，非常適合散步、洞穴探察、爬山和騎自行車。
【練透】　用surround的適當形式填空
Mr Green likes to live in the ①　　　　　　 which are quiet and beautiful.So last month he bought a big new house in the countryside， which ②　　　　　　　 by many big trees and flowers.The ③　　　　　　 scenery is also very nice.He is very satisfied with the new house.
【寫美】　完成句子
④Steve arrived and sat in the front row， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
史蒂夫到了，坐在前排，周圍都是他的家人。
harmony n.融洽，和睦；和諧
【教材原句】　More nature-centred tourist attractions， where man and nature live in harmony， can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.
更多以自然風光為主、人與自然和睦相處的旅游景點，會因為大量游客涌入而受到巨大影響甚至遭到破壞。
【用法】
（1）be/live in harmony with 與……協調/一致 out of harmony with 與……不協調/一致 social harmony 社會和諧 （2）harmonious adj. 和諧的，融洽的，協調的；悅耳的
【佳句】　You can depend on it that China is always a country to live in harmony with her neighbours.你可以相信中國是一個總是和“她的”鄰國和諧相處的國家。
It is our duty to make our world more harmonious place to live in， so we should live in harmony with each other.
把我們的世界變成更和諧的居住地是我們的責任，所以我們應該和睦相處。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Human life is regarded as part of nature and， as such， the only way for us to survive is to live 　　　　　　harmony with nature.
②We are trying to form a 　　　　　　（harmony） society to meet people’s need.
③When children grow up， their ideas may sometimes be out of harmony 　　　　　　their parents’ thoughts.
【寫美】　完成句子
④In addition， every student can 　　　　　　　　　　　　， which makes it easy for you to get along with them.
此外，每個學生都能與外國朋友和諧相處，這使你很容易與他們相處。
manner n.方式，方法；舉止；（manners）禮貌
【教材原句】　It is important to travel in an environmentally friendly manner.
以環保的方式旅行是很重要的。
【用法】
（1）in a（n）...manner 　　以……的方式 a manner of doing sth 做某事的方式/方法 （2）good/bad manners 有/沒有禮貌 it is good/bad manners to do sth 做某事有/沒有禮貌 table manners 餐桌禮儀 mind one’s manners 注意某人的禮貌
【佳句】　I had hoped you would behave in a more responsible manner.
我本來希望你會表現得更加負責。
【點津】　當manner意為“方式，方法；舉止”時常用單數形式；意為“禮貌，禮儀”時常用其復數形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The physics teacher I respect most is always teaching us how to solve difficult problems 　　　　　　a logical and scientific manner.
②Good 　　　　　?。╩anner） should be observed whether one eats in a restaurant or at home.
【寫美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　 while others are speaking.
當別人說話的時候插嘴是不禮貌的。
④It is likely that you feel embarrassed if you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
如果你不懂中國人的餐桌禮儀，你可能會感到尷尬。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
（1）非限制性定語　逗號?。?）逗號
即時演練1
①As?、趙hom?、踳hen?、躻hich　⑤who　⑥where?、遷hose?、鄔hom
即時演練2
①As?、趙hich　③as?、躻hich?、輜hich
即時演練3
①whose father is an engineer　②which I planted three years ago　③who has short hair and big eyes?、躻here they can learn games
即時演練4
①which prevented me from going to the park　②which is a very interesting game?、踳here they plan to stay for two or three days?、躮ost of whom are students　⑤for which he couldn’t reduce his consumption
【核心知識·巧突破】
1.①with?、趖o?、踗or　④to?、輆ccommodation
⑥will provide temporary accommodations for
2.①surroundings?、趇s surrounded ?、踫urrounding
④surrounded by his family
3.①in　②harmonious?、踳ith
④be in harmony with foreign friends
4.①in?、趍anners?、跧t’s bad manners to break in
④don’t know Chinese table manners
7 / 7(共101張PPT)
UNIT 1　Wish you were here
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
3
課時檢測·提能力
2
核心知識·巧突破
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
非限制性定語從句
閱讀下列句子并思考加藍部分的用法。
1. These industries， in turn， give jobs to the local population， whose
welfare depends on tourism.
2. The prices of tourist essentials such as transport， accommodation and
food usually increase too， which brings even more wealth to the
surrounding community.
3. More nature-centred tourist attractions， where man and nature live in
harmony， can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of
tourists.
4. As resources are used more rapidly than they can be sustained，
wildlife habitats are likely to suffer， which could endanger the local
plants and animals.
5. Local festivals and customs， which may have deep meaning in a
particular culture， can simply become entertainment for tourists.
【我的發現】
（1）以上句子均為 從句，其標志為從句與主句
之間有 隔開。
（2）非限制性定語從句可以置于主句之中（如句3、5），前后都
用 隔開，也可以置于主句之后（如句1、2、4）。
非限制性定語　
逗號　
逗號　
一、非限制性定語從句的概述
　定語從句可以分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。非限制性
定語從句和主句的關系并不十分密切，它的作用是用來提供附加的而
非必要的信息，往往是對先行項或整個主句的解釋、補充或說明，它
與主句之間通常用逗號隔開。若去掉此定語從句，句子的大意仍然明
確，不會引起誤解和太大的歧義。
All the books here， which contain beautiful pictures， were written by
him.
這里所有的書都是他寫的，書里面含有漂亮的圖畫。
二、非限制性定語從句的關系詞
非限制性定語從句由關系代詞which、 who、 whom、 whose、 as或關
系副詞when、 where等引導，但不能用that引導。
關系詞 先行項 在定語從句中作的成分
關系 代詞 who 人 主語、賓語或表語
whom 人 賓語
which 物、整個主句 主語、賓語或表語
whose（＝of whom/ of which） 人、物 定語
as 人、物、整個主句 主語、賓語
關系 副詞 when 時間名詞 時間狀語
where 通常是地點名詞 地點狀語
Charles Smith， who was my former teacher， retired last year.（主語）
查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾是我的老師。
I have invited more than one hundred friends to the party， all of whom
are from abroad.（賓語）
我邀請了100多位朋友參加宴會，他們都來自國外。
Daisy， whose paper won a prize last month， is my best friend.
（定語）
黛西是我最好的朋友，她的論文在上個月獲獎了。
Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada， where he had stayed two years.（地點
狀語）
昨天，吉米動身去了加拿大，他曾在那里待了兩年。
We will put off the meeting until next week， when we won’t be so
busy.（時間狀語）
我們將把會議推遲到下周，那時我們就不會那么忙了。
The earth goes around the sun， as we all know.（賓語）
眾所周知，地球繞著太陽轉。
【點津】　在非限制性定語從句中不能用that來代指人或物。
【即時演練1】　用適當的關系詞填空
?、? we all know， China is a developing country.
②Peter， you met in London， is now back in Paris.
③Tom will put off the picnic until tomorrow， he will be free.
④He has been busy with his work the whole holiday， has
made his girlfriend unhappy.
⑤My friend， has served on the International Olympic
Committee all his life， will retire next month.
⑥They are all making a journey to Xizang， I have been three
times.
As　
whom　
when　
which　
who　
where　
⑦My parents live in the tall building， window faces to the
blue sea.
⑧There are a total of 1，000 workers in this company， two thirds
of are women.
whose　
whom　
三、as和which引導的非限制性定語從句的區別
項目 as which
位置 先行項可以是整個主句或主
句的一部分；as引導的從句可
以置于主句之前、之中或之
后 先行項可以是某個單詞或短
語，也可以是整個主句或主
句的一部分；which引導的從
句可以置于主句之中或之后
意義 正如 這，那
功能 連接上下文的作用，表達說
話人的觀點、看法，并指出
主句內容的根據或出處等 引導的從句在意義上相當于
一個并列句
The singer，as was expected， achieved a great success.
正如所期盼的那樣，這位歌手取得了巨大成功。 （as引導非限制性定
語從句，代指整句意思）
The weather turned out to be very good， which was more than we could
expect.
＝The weather turned out to be very good， and it was more than we
could expect.
出乎我們意料的是，天氣變得非常好。（which引導非限制性定語從
句，代指逗號前的The weather turned out to be very good）
【點津】?。?）as引導非限制性定語從句時，其后常接expect、
know、 report、 say、 see等動詞的主動或被動語態句以及用于一些固
定結構中。如：as was expected （不出所料）、 as is mentioned above
（正如上面所提到的）、 as is often the case （情況常常如此）等。
（2）as也可用在限制性定語從句中，此時它多和such、 so或the same
連用，構成such/so ...as和the same ...as結構。
Such books as I have read are English novels.
我所讀過的書都是英語小說。（as作賓語）
【即時演練2】　選詞填空（as， which）
① can be seen from his face， he is quite pleased.
②He said that he had never seen her before， was not true.
③She has the same fair hair and blue eyes her mother has.
④Tom is recovering from his operation， makes me very
happy.
⑤My new car， I bought a year ago， isn’t running well.
As　
which　
as　
which　
which　
四、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區別
區別 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句
限制程度 不可或缺，去掉后主句
意思不明確 補充說明主句，去掉后不影
響主句意義的完整
句子結 構形式 前面沒有逗號 有逗號與先行詞隔開
翻譯方式 通常譯成先行詞的定語 通常譯成與主句并列的分句
他們要結婚的消息還沒有被宣布，卻已經被傳得沸沸揚揚。
The children，who wanted to have a journey to the valley， were
disappointed when the journey was cancelled.
那些想去山谷旅行的孩子都因旅行的取消而感到失望。
Yesterday， they went out to have a picnic in the suburb， where/in
which they had a good time.
昨天，他們到郊區去野餐了，在那里他們玩得很開心。
That they will get married，which has not been announced， has spread
around.
【即時演練3】　完成句子
?、賂he boy， ， studies very hard.
那個小男孩學習很努力，他的父親是一位工程師。
②These apple trees， ， have not
borne any fruit.
我三年前栽的這些蘋果樹還沒有結過果實。
③I have a friend .
我有一個留短發和一雙大眼睛的朋友。
whose father is an engineer　
which I planted three years ago　
who has short hair and big eyes　
④Many children go to a day care centre，
.
很多孩子上日間托兒所，在那兒他們可以學習游戲。
where they can learn
games　
五、使用非限制性定語從句的情況
1. 關系代詞指代整個主句的內容時，用非限制性定語從句。這時
which如果作主語，從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。
She said she had finished her work， which I doubted very much.
她說她已經完成了工作，我對此深感懷疑。（先行詞為主句的內
容，且在從句中作賓語）
He is shallow， which is known to us all in our company.
他很膚淺，我們公司的人都知道。（先行詞為主句的內容，且在從
句中作主語）
2. 先行項指的是世界上獨一無二的事物、專有名詞或表示類屬事物
時，用非限制性定語從句。
The moon， which is 384，400 kilometers away from the earth，
creates many beautiful stories.
月球，這個離地球384400千米遠的星球，給人們帶來了很多美好的
故事。
3. 先行項指的是某人僅有的一個親屬時，用非限制性定語從句。
Tom’s father， who is over sixty， still works hard day and night.
湯姆的父親六十多歲了，他仍然從早到晚地努力工作。
4. 出現some/many/few/a few/little/much/most/both/neither/two/...of
which/whom結構時，常用非限制性定語從句，表示整體中的部分
或所有。
He has two sons， both of whom are doctors.
他有兩個兒子，都是醫生。
5. 非限制性定語從句不能用why引導，要用for which代替why。
I have told him the reason， for which I missed the early bus.
我沒能趕上早班車，我已經告訴了他原因。
【即時演練4】　完成句子
?、買t rained hard yesterday，
.
昨天雨下得很大，這阻止了我去公園。
②Football， ， is played all over the
world.
足球是一項非常有趣的運動，全世界都在踢足球。
③They will fly to Washington，
.
他們將飛往華盛頓，他們計劃在那里待上兩到三天。
which prevented me from going to the
park　
which is a very interesting game　
where they plan to stay for two or three
days　
④There are over 100 people in the hall， .
大廳里有100多人，其中多數是學生。
⑤The reason， ，
wasn’t given.
他為何不能降低消費，他沒有給出理由。
most of whom are students　
for which he couldn’t reduce his consumption　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
2
accommodation n.住處
【教材原句】　The prices of tourist essentials such as transport，
accommodation and food usually increase too， which brings even more
wealth to the surrounding community.
交通、住宿和食物等游客的必需品的價格通常也會上漲，這給周邊社
區帶來了更多的財富。
【用法】
（1）provide accommodations for 　　　為……提供食宿
（2）accommodate vt. 容納（乘客）；向……提供膳宿；使適應，
順應
accommodate sb with sth 給某人提供某物
accommodate ...to ...＝adapt ...to ...
使……適應/迎合……（其中to為介詞）
accommodate oneself to　　 使自己適應……
accommodate sb for the night 留某人過夜
【佳句】　They offered me free accommodation for a year.
他們免費為我提供了一年的住宿。
【點津】　accommodation 作“膳食供應；食宿”講時常用復數
形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①It was very kind of you to accommodate me the ticket for my
journey.
②Her eyes took a while to accommodate the darkness.
③The kind couple accommodated them the night in their house.
④After settling in the urban area， he accommodated himself the
new circumstances quickly.
⑤When it comes to dormitories， what deserves your special attention is
how much the （accommodate） fee is.
with　
to　
for　
to　
accommodation　
【寫美】　完成句子
⑥The government up to
three thousand people.
政府將給多達3000人提供臨時食宿。
will provide temporary accommodations for　
surrounding adj.周圍的，附近的
【用法】
（1）surroundings n.　　環境（指周圍的環境）
（2）surround v. 圍繞；包圍
surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/物包圍某人/物
be surrounded by/with ... 被……圍繞
【佳句】　We are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for
walking， caving， climbing and cycling.
我們周圍是一個天然的操場，非常適合散步、洞穴探察、爬山和騎自
行車。
【練透】　用surround的適當形式填空
Mr Green likes to live in the ① which are quiet and
beautiful.So last month he bought a big new house in the countryside，
which ② by many big trees and flowers.The
③ scenery is also very nice.He is very satisfied with the
new house.
【寫美】　完成句子
④Steve arrived and sat in the front row， .
史蒂夫到了，坐在前排，周圍都是他的家人。
surroundings　
is surrounded　
surrounding　
surrounded by his family　
harmony n.融洽，和睦；和諧
【教材原句】　More nature-centred tourist attractions， where man and
nature live in harmony， can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the
flood of tourists.
更多以自然風光為主、人與自然和睦相處的旅游景點，會因為大量游
客涌入而受到巨大影響甚至遭到破壞。
【用法】
（1）be/live in harmony with 與……協調/一致
out of harmony with 與……不協調/一致
social harmony 社會和諧
（2）harmonious adj. 和諧的，融洽的，協調的；悅耳的
【佳句】　You can depend on it that China is always a country to live in
harmony with her neighbours.
你可以相信中國是一個總是和“她的”鄰國和諧相處的國家。
It is our duty to make our world more harmonious place to live in， so we
should live in harmony with each other.
把我們的世界變成更和諧的居住地是我們的責任，所以我們應該和睦
相處。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Human life is regarded as part of nature and， as such， the only way
for us to survive is to live harmony with nature.
②We are trying to form a （harmony） society to meet
people’s need.
③When children grow up， their ideas may sometimes be out of
harmony their parents’ thoughts.
in　
harmonious　
with　
【寫美】　完成句子
④In addition， every student can
， which makes it easy for you to get along with them.
此外，每個學生都能與外國朋友和諧相處，這使你很容易與他們
相處。
be in harmony with foreign
friends　
manner n.方式，方法；舉止；（manners）禮貌
【教材原句】　It is important to travel in an environmentally friendly
manner.
以環保的方式旅行是很重要的。
【用法】
（1）in a（n）...manner 　　以……的方式
a manner of doing sth 做某事的方式/方法
（2）good/bad manners 有/沒有禮貌
it is good/bad manners to do sth 做某事有/沒有禮貌
table manners 餐桌禮儀
mind one’s manners 注意某人的禮貌
【佳句】　I had hoped you would behave in a more responsible manner.
我本來希望你會表現得更加負責。
【點津】　當manner意為“方式，方法；舉止”時常用單數形式；意
為“禮貌，禮儀”時常用其復數形式。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The physics teacher I respect most is always teaching us how to solve
difficult problems a logical and scientific manner.
②Good （manner） should be observed whether one eats in
a restaurant or at home.
in　
manners　
【寫美】　完成句子
③ while others are speaking.
當別人說話的時候插嘴是不禮貌的。
④It is likely that you feel embarrassed if you
.
如果你不懂中國人的餐桌禮儀，你可能會感到尷尬。
It’s bad manners to break in　
don’t know Chinese table
manners　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
維度一：基礎題型練
根據語境用適當的關系詞填空。
1. Her father works in a factory， he makes cars.
2. The old lady has two daughters， one of is working abroad.
3. This is one of the reasons you have to give it up.
4. Whenever I met her， was fairly often， she greeted me with a
sweet smile.
where　
whom　
why　
as　
5. is reported in the newspaper， a serious accident has happened
recently in the suburbs.
6. The owner paid the worker for cleaning the whole building， most
of hadn’t been cleaned for at least one month.
7. The old woman， lives on her own， has a cat for company.
8. To be honest， my cousin is not such a fool he looks.
9. Yang Liwei， parents are teachers， is the first in China to
travel into space.
10. These apple trees， I planted on my own， have grown
very well.
As　
which　
who　
as　
whose　
which　
維度二：語法與寫作
句型轉換。
1. He visited the Great Wall again.He went there two years ago.
→He visited the Great Wall again， .
2. He failed in the examination.It made him a bit discouraged.
→He failed in the examination，
.
3. He must be from Africa.It can be seen from his skin.
→He must be from Africa， .
where he went two years ago　
which made him a bit
discouraged　
which/as can be seen from his skin　
4. He has organised a team of workers.All of them are hard-working.
→He has organised a team of workers，
.
5. The people living in the village have moved to other areas.
→The people have moved to other areas.
all of whom are hard-
working　
who live in the village
維度三：語法與語篇
閱讀下面短文，用適當的關系詞填空。
　　The very film 1. is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad
love story， 2. is popular with the public， 3. hero and
heroine are Jack and Rose.Rose was a young beautiful woman，
4. went to America with her mother.Jack， 5.
that　
as　
whose　
who　
who　
won a ship ticket by playing cards， was a poor painter.They met
and fell in love with each other on Titanic， 6. they had a
happy time.Sadly， the nice journey was destroyed by a huge iceberg，
and Jack lost his life for saving Rose.Before Jack left Rose forever， he
encouraged Rose to live well for him.7. is known to all， love is
the strongest strength.And that’s the reason 8. Rose could live
on and tell us the moving story.
where　
As　
why　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　Robert Adolf， a 24-year-old vlogger from Germany， filmed the
celebration activities of the Miao ethnic group at the Guzang Festival on 25
November.This marked the completion of Adolf and his friends’ task of
filming all seven of Guizhou’s native ethnic groups for a documentary
project.
　　The Guzang Festival is the traditional celebration of the Miao ethnic
group， and married women from Yegai Village， Leishan County’s
Langde Town， will travel together back to their parents’ homes in the
village during the festival.
　　Crowds of Miao women dressed in traditional clothing have become a
popular scene at the Guzang Festival， which attracts tourists from all over
the globe.
　　That’s one of the reasons why Adolf attended the festival.He
became interested in China’s history and culture due to the Disney movie
Mulan when he was a child.He said that he came to China in 2017 to work
for a German company in South Central China’s Hunan Province， and
then moved to Lianyungang in East China’s Jiangsu Province to work in
foreign trade.
　　Adolf speaks fluent Chinese and is commonly known as the
“Germany’s Stuffed Steamed Bun” on Chinese social media
platforms.During a trip to China’s rural areas， Adolf was impressed by
China’s ethnic cultures and decided to shoot documentaries about
China’s 56 ethnic groups.
　　In July 2021， Adolf and his three Chinese friends initiated their
documentary project by hopping in a car and taking road trips to record the
real lives of different Chinese ethnic groups.
　　Adolf and his friends departed from Lianyungang on 5 September and
filmed the customs and cultures of Tujia， Miao， Dong， Bouyei， Yao
and Sui ethnic groups in Hubei Province， Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region and Guizhou Province.
　　When asked about Guizhou specifically， Adolf said， “I want to
share Guizhou and China’s ethnic culture with the world to allow more
people to learn about Guizhou and learn about China.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了阿道夫拍攝完成貴州七
個本土少數民族紀錄片的起因和過程以及拍攝中國56個民族的計
劃。
本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了阿道夫拍攝完成貴州七
個本土少數民族紀錄片的起因和過程以及拍攝中國56個民族的計
劃。
1. Why did Adolf come to China？（　　）
A. He had a project in China.
B. He had many friends in China.
C. He was hired by a Chinese company.
D. He was fascinated by Chinese culture.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三段內容和第四段前兩句可知，阿
道夫在孩提時代就對中國的歷史和文化產生了興趣，參加苗族的鼓
藏節是他來中國的一個原因。
2. What made Adolf decide to shoot documentaries about China’s 56
ethnic groups？（　?。?br/>A. An adventurous exploration.
B. An impressive travel experience.
C. A desire to realize his dream.
D. A deep understanding of Chinese culture.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第五段最后一句可知，在一次中國農
村之行中，阿道夫對中國的民族文化印象深刻，于是決定拍攝關于
中國56個民族的紀錄片。
3. What does the underlined word “initiated” in Paragraph 6 mean？
（　?。?br/>A. Started. B. Introduced.
C. Updated. D. Continued.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據倒數第二段內容可知，他們拍紀錄片
的出發地是連云港，之后拍攝了沿途的少數民族的風俗和文化，所
以畫線詞所在句指他和三位中國朋友通過搭乘汽車的方式開始拍攝
沿途的少數民族的真實生活。因此，畫線詞意為“開始”，與A項
同義。
4. What’s the writing purpose of the text？（　?。?br/>A. To compare Chinese culture and Western culture.
B. To share Adolf’s working experience in China.
C. To introduce a documentary project by Adolf.
D. To attract more foreign visitors to come to China.
解析：　寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了阿道夫的
一部關于中國少數民族紀錄片的拍攝情況。
B
　　In 1924， the world-famous sculptor Gutzon Borglum and his
thirteen-year-old son took a trip together out west.They left their home in
Connecticut and， days later， got off a train in Rapid City， South
Dakota.Only about six thousand people lived in Rapid City.South Dakota
had been a state for only thirty-five years.The Borglums actually were just
in the center of the United States.
　　Gutzon had come to South Dakota to see if he could find a mountain
to carve into the biggest sculpture in the country.He was a patriotic man，
and his idea was to give America a sculpture to glorify its
greatness.Perhaps it could be huge carvings of great Americans with heads
as high as the tallest buildings.What an amazing idea！ But many people
thought it was crazy.And no one， not even Borglum himself， realised
how hard it would be to do.
　　Gutzon and his son， Lincoln， travelled into the wild country of the
Black Hills.The Black Hills is an area 120 miles long and sixty miles
wide.It rises up four thousand feet and more.The Borglum party climbed
to the top of the tallest mountain， Harney Peak.Far away， Gutzon could
see a granite （花崗石） mountain.It stood higher than the surrounding
peaks.That would be the place for his giant sculpture！
　　The name of the mountain was Mount Rushmore.Today， huge six-
storey-high carved heads of presidents George Washington， Thomas
Jefferson， Theodore Roosevelt， and Abraham Lincoln gaze out from
high on the granite face of Mount Rushmore.Borglum overcame an
incredible number of obstacles to create this great national monument.He
said it was like waging a one-man war.
　　Mount Rushmore has become a symbol of patriotism and pride for
many Americans.But people from all over the world travel to marvel at
it.Even so， there are people who think it should not ever have been
made.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。拉什莫爾山又叫美國總統山、總統
雕像山，它坐落于美國南達科他州基斯通附近的美利堅合眾國總統
紀念公園。
本文是一篇說明文。拉什莫爾山又叫美國總統山、總統
雕像山，它坐落于美國南達科他州基斯通附近的美利堅合眾國總統
紀念公園。
5. What do we learn about South Dakota in 1924？（　?。?br/>A. It was a little wild.
B. It had a long history.
C. It had a large population.
D. It was in the south of America.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段可知，南達科他州位于美國中
部，當時才建州35年，人煙稀少。
6. Why did Gutzon Borglum leave his home？（　　）
A. To explore nature.
B. To seek his fortune.
C. To complete a project.
D. To take an adventure trip.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，Gutzon Borglum離開家
鄉來到南達科他州是為了完成自己心目中的一件雕塑作品。
7. What is special about Mount Rushmore？（　　）
A. Its economic status.
B. Its political significance.
C. Its cultural advantage.
D. Its geographical position.
解析：　細節理解題。根據最后兩段可知，Gutzon Borglum在拉
什莫爾山上雕刻了四位美國總統的頭像，這使它成為美國愛國主義
的象征。
8. Which of the following words can best describe Gutzon Borglum？
（　　）
A. Curious and smart.
B. Kind and generous.
C. Hard-working and practical.
D. Ambitious and determined.
解析：　推理判斷題。綜合全文可知，Gutzon Borglum在山
上雕刻美國總統頭像的想法非常大膽，實現的過程也非常艱
難，但最終成功了。由此可見，Gutzon Borglum是一個有抱負
且意志堅定的人。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　 Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Middle East and one of the
fastest-growing tourism destinations in the world.9.（　　）.AlUla and
Diriyah are just a few examples of these heritage sites at the heart of Saudi
Arabia’s destination development.Natural possessions are also a
fundamental part of Saudi Arabia’s heritage and sustainability with
preservation high on the agenda.NEOM will generate zero carbon
emissions and Diriyah will welcome 27 million visitors while preserving
the UNESCO site at Turaif and restoring Wadi Hanifah.10.（　?。?
　　Adventuring in deserts
　　Part of what’s special about the Arabian Peninsula — and
specifically Saudi Arabia — is its desert.11.（　?。?From adrenaline-
packed excursions like dune bashing and sandboarding to more serene，
history-inspired activities such as camel riding and Arabian camping， the
desert in Saudi Arabia serves as a canvas for more than just adventure
travellers.
　　12. （　?。?br/>　　Visit the country’s many mosques and traditional markets to
experience a rhythm of life that has little changed over the
centuries.And， for a taste of modern Saudi Arabia， don’t miss the
urban districts and entertainment centres where people meet to shop， dine
or just spend time with friends.Explore the different regions to experience
the multicultural variety of foods， lifestyles and customs.
　　Exploring Riyadh
　　Riyadh is the birthplace of today’s Saudi Arabia where tradition
meets 21st century vision.13.（　?。?The capital city’s fascinating
centuries-old history can still be found within its atmospheric bazaars （市
場）， impressive museums and ancient architecture.Riyadh Season，
one of the world’s largest lifestyle festivals， is a celebration of Riyadh
through every touch point — music， art， theatre and food， spanning
several zones across the city and perfect for every visitor.
A. Visiting traditions
B. Experiencing multiculture
C. In fact， Saudi Arabia is home to one of the largest sand desert on
Earth
D. Here are some inspiring recommendations for exploring this diverse
country
E. Saudi Arabia has introduced electronic visa measures to 49 countries to
promote its tourism
F. Saudi Arabia has six UNESCO World Heritage Sites and more than
10，000 archaeological sites
G. It is a thriving metropolis with world-class dining， art and shopping，
and a growing cultural scene
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章向我們介紹了探索沙特阿拉伯
的幾點建議。
9. F　根據空后一句可知，作者列舉埃爾奧拉和德拉伊耶是對F項（沙
特阿拉伯擁有六處聯合國教科文組織世界遺產和一萬多處考古遺址）
內容的舉例說明。
本文是一篇說明文。文章向我們介紹了探索沙特阿拉伯
的幾點建議。
10. D　下文中的小標題Adventuring in deserts和Exploring Riyadh是
給希望探索這個國家的人們的具體建議，D項（這里有一些關于探索
這個多元化國家的鼓舞人心的建議）起到引出下文的作用。
11. C　根據空前一句可知，接下來要介紹的是沙特阿拉伯沙漠的特別
之處，C項（事實上，地球上最大的沙漠之一位于沙特阿拉伯）是對
上一句的解釋說明。
12. B　根據下文可知，本段介紹了沙特阿拉伯的傳統文化，同時
也介紹了它的現代風情，B項（感受多元文化）是對本段內容的概
括說明。
13. G　根據下文可知，Riyadh Season是一個集餐飲、藝術等內容的
大型節日，是對G項（這是一個繁榮的大都市，擁有世界級的餐飲、
藝術和購物以及不斷發展的文化場景）內容的舉例說明。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　While using a vacuum cleaner （真空吸塵器） at home in 1978，
James Dyson 　14　 that the cleaner lost suction （抽吸力） when the
bag was only partly filled.After giving it much 　15　， Dyson created a
model using his old vacuum as a starting point.
　　The product development process was 　16　.He created over 5，
000 models in three years， trying to 　17　 the product.During this
time， he 　18　 the money he had borrowed and his home mortgage
（抵押貸款） grew increasingly bigger.He needed to finally make some
money from his 　19　.
　　Dyson approached a large number of 　20　 customers — all with the
same 　21　 result.One common 　22　 for these turndowns was that
these companies made a lot of money selling bags and the Dyson Vacuum
didn’t 　23　 bags.But Dyson continued his 　24　 to find a company
that would license his product.Finally， a Japanese company accepted
it.In 2002 Dyson introduced his top-selling vacuum products to the United
States and met with immediate 　25　.
　　When you’re 　26　 a difficult goal， think about James
Dyson.Reaching any goal involves 　27　 barriers.Every goal， no
matter how 　28　， will be achievable if you just keep working at it.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。詹姆斯·戴森花費三年的時間發明了
不需要集塵袋的真空吸塵器，并堅持不懈地推銷它，最終該吸塵器
成為暢銷款。
本文是一篇記敘文。詹姆斯·戴森花費三年的時間發明了
不需要集塵袋的真空吸塵器，并堅持不懈地推銷它，最終該吸塵器
成為暢銷款。
14. A. proved B. forgot
C. noticed D. checked
解析：　根據下文對James Dyson自己發明真空吸塵器的介紹可
知，他是在打掃房間的時候，注意到真空吸塵器不等它的袋子滿
了就失去了抽吸力。因此，思考之后，他利用現有的舊吸塵器制
作了一款新吸塵器。
15. A. support B. thought
C. attention D. chance
解析：　參見上題解析。
16. A. natural B. complete
C. special D. tough
解析：　根據下文He created over 5，000 models in three years 可
知，Dyson制作吸塵器的過程是很艱難的，在三年內，他一共做了
五千多個模型，就是為了讓它更加趨于完美。
17. A. advertise B. clear
C. perfect D. design
解析：　參見上題解析。
18. A. faced up to B. ran out of
C. set aside D. drew out
解析：　根據下文his home mortgage （抵押貸款） grew
increasingly bigger可知，在研究制作吸塵器期間，Dyson花光了借
來的錢，而且房子的抵押貸款也越積越高。因此，他急需通過售
賣他發明的吸塵器來賺錢。
19. A. donation B. company
C. invention D. account
解析：　參見上題解析。
20. A. current B. potential
C. important D. international
解析：　根據下文Finally， a Japanese company accepted it.可
知，為了賺錢，Dyson拿著自己發明的吸塵器尋找潛在的客戶。
21. A. direct B. impressive
C. desired D. negative
解析：　根據下文turndowns 可知，Dyson被很多公司拒絕了。
22. A. cause B. choice
C. source D. channel
解析：　根據第一段中的the cleaner lost suction （抽吸力） when
the bag was only partly filled和下文these companies made a lot of
money selling bags可知，那些公司拒絕Dyson的共同原因是：
Dyson發明的吸塵器不需要袋子，而他們靠賣袋子能賺很多錢。
23. A. use B. sell C. buy D. make
解析：　參見上題解析。
24. A. claims B. needs
C. tasks D. efforts
解析：　根據上文Dyson approached a large number of 　20　
customers和下文Finally， a Japanese company accepted it.可知，雖
然被眾多公司拒絕，但Dyson沒有放棄，繼續努力尋找愿意售賣自
己的吸塵器的公司。
25. A. refusal B. contribution
C. success D. consequence
解析：　根據上文Finally， a Japanese company accepted it ...his
top-selling vacuum products可知，最終，一個日本公司愿意售賣
Dyson的吸塵器，之后，這種暢銷的吸塵器進入美國市場時，馬上
取得了成功。
26. A. establishing B. tackling
C. requiring D. achieving
解析：　最后一段通過總結Dyson之前跨越障礙取得成功的事例
告訴讀者：面對難以實現的目標時，就想想Dyson吧。通往任何目
的地的路都會遇到障礙，然而，不管是多么讓人沮喪的目標，只
要堅持，一定會取得成功。
27. A. identifying B. avoiding
C. raising D. overcoming
解析：　參見上題解析。
28. A. discouraging B. surprising
C. frightening D. disappointing
解析：　參見第26題解析。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Lying in southeastern Xizang autonomous region and in the lower
reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River， the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon
is the world’s 29. 　　　　　　 （big） and deepest canyon and the
largest water vapour （水汽） channel on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.It
30. 　　　　　　 （combine） soaring peaks with deep canyons — a rare
natural wonder in the world’s history of river 31. 　　　　　　
（develop）.
　　As the Yarlung Zangbo River took a horseshoe-shaped turn around
Mount Namjagbarwa and then ran towards the Indian Ocean， the Yarlung
Zangbo Grand Canyon 32. 　　　　　　 （create）.It is surrounded with
snow-capped peaks， glaciers and forests， as well as 33. 　　　　　　
（awe） waterfalls， hot springs， clear streams and 34. 　　　　　　
（rush） rivers.
　　The Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon at the eastern end of the
Himalayan range is home 35. 　　　　　　 Mount Namjagbarwa， the
highest mountain close to Nyingchi city， with 36. 　　　　　　 altitude
of 7，782 metres.The holy mountain of the Bon is considered as “the
father of glaciers”.Yet the snow peak does not show up very often.The
fact 37. 　　　　　　 it is often hiding in mist adds to the mysterious
quality of the holy mountain.The canyon has various geological
38. 　　　　　　 （phenomenon） and is considered a rare “geological
museum”.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了雅魯藏布大峽谷，包括
其地理位置、形成原因及景色等內容。
29. biggest　考查形容詞的最高級。根據空前的the world’s和空后的
and deepest可知，此處表示“世界上最大、最深的峽谷”，設空處應
用big的最高級形式。故填biggest。
bines　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。設空處作句子的謂語，
描述客觀事實，時態應用一般現在時，且主語是It，應用第三人稱單
數形式，故填combines。
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了雅魯藏布大峽谷，包括
其地理位置、形成原因及景色等內容。
31. development　考查詞形轉換。設空處被river修飾，作介詞of的賓
語。根據語境可知，此處表示“河流發展史”，應用develop的名詞形
式development。
32. was created　考查動詞的時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子可
知，設空處作主句的謂語，根據As引導的時間狀語從句中的took可
知，時態應用一般過去時，create和主語the Yarlung Zangbo Grand
Canyon之間是被動關系，應用被動語態，且主語是單數概念，故填
was created。
33. awesome　考查詞形轉換。設空處修飾waterfalls，作定語，應用
形容詞awesome，意為“令人贊嘆的”。
34. rushing　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，設空處修飾
rivers，作定語，應用非謂語動詞，rush與rivers之間是邏輯上的主動關
系，應用動詞-ing形式。
35. to　考查介詞。be home to ...意為“是……的所在地”，為固定
搭配。故填to。
36. an　考查冠詞。an altitude of ...意為“海拔為……”。故填an。
37. that　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結構可知，設空處引導同位語從
句，解釋fact的具體內容，從句不缺少成分，語義完整，應用連接詞
that。
38. phenomena　考查名詞復數。根據various可知，設空處應用
phenomenon的復數形式phenomena，表示“各種地質現象”。
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