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Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
維度一：基礎題型練
　　用適當的連詞或關系詞填空。
1.She had to have the operation， 　　　　　　she had the chance of dying early.
2.With minor changes and wiser choices， I hold the firm belief 　　　　　　we can make a bigger impact on the environment.
3.What I learn from my mistakes is 　　　　　　I should be confident when learning English.
4.I know that Chinatown is a place 　　　　　　Chinese people live and work abroad.
5.I attended an English summer camp last year， 　　　　　　I am confident with my communication skills in English.
6.Students 　　　　　　always do housework are more willing to take their own responsibilities either at home or at school.
維度二：句型轉換
1.Our outdoor activity will last three hours.We’ll come back at about 11 o’clock.（改為并列句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.We’ll organise all kinds of activities in our English club.We can not only practice but also learn more English in the activities.（改為含定語從句的復合句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.He missed the first bus.He was late for school.（改為含狀語從句的復合句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.When did you enter the room？ The police wants to know it.（改為含名詞性從句的復合句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.Several weeks had passed.I knew the painting was lost.（改為含狀語從句的復合句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
維度三：語法與寫作
1.這對老夫婦結婚40年了，他們之間從來沒有爭吵過。（倒裝句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.我希望住在空氣新鮮、人們友好的地方。（where）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.是否要舉行會議仍然是一個問題。（主語從句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.非常感謝您，不僅給了我生命，而且教我如何做一個好人。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.在過去，我們必須安靜地坐在課桌前，并注意聽老師講話。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.前幾天我參加了一場英語演講比賽，獲得了一等獎。（in which）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·長沙高二下質檢）What’s really behind the global rise in working longer and longer hours？ We are all workers， whether we work in an office as managers， in a hot and noisy factory as workers or as housewives at home.
The important message is：Work is for man and not man for work！ Through work， man develops himself， his personality and his sense of self-worth.It is also through work that man produces goods and services contributing and participating in the development and society.
According to latest International Labor Organization statistics， more than 400 million employed people worldwide work 49 or more hours per week.
In a recent interview with The New York Times， even Elon Musk， CEO of Tesla， felt moved to describe his 47th birthday spent locked in his factory， pulling an all-nighter.“No friends， nothing，” he said.It might have been just another day in another 120-hour work week.“This has really come at the expense of seeing my kids.And seeing friends，” he added.
Hustling over long hours and weekends has become a staple of start-up culture in Silicon Valley — hence， it has also filtered out to many parts of the world.
The problem is that this “long hours” culture likely defeats the purpose of getting more things done， or at least puts a very high price on doing them.There is plenty of evidence that working overtime reduces your productivity， and makes you feel and actually be less healthy.It also makes you more likely to develop a whole range of diseases.
Keep in mind that working for days at a time is not smart， even if you are Elon Musk.The news of his unhealthy work routine has not been well received by investors， and Tesla’s stock fell 8.8% shortly after the NYT interview， amid suspicions of Musk’s poor mental health.
1.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.The value of working. B.The purpose of working.
C.The necessity of working long. D.The importance of working hard.
2.What’s the author’s purpose of giving the example of Elon Musk？（　　）
A.To prove CEOs work harder. B.To show CEOs are very busy.
C.To show working long is common. D.To prove working long is rewarding.
3.What does the author think of working long hours？（　　）
A.It’s valuable. B.It’s harmful.
C.It’s necessary. D.It’s understandable.
4.How did the investors probably feel when they watched Elon Musk’s interview？（　　）
A.Very satisfied. B.Very confused.
C.A little surprised. D.A little disappointed.
B
（2024·煙臺高二下月考）Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success， but research has found that moderation （適度） also gets results on the job.
In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University， researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new made-up language. Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all. High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts， sciences， and politics. High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance， especially in simple jobs where it doesn’t pay to be a perfectionist.
How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter， while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer，” says Art Markman， a professor of psychology at the University of Texas， Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift mood and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort.
Markman also promotes off-task time. “Part of being a good thinker is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work，” he says. “Also， there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity. So， when people do things to increase their life satisfaction， they also make themselves more effective at work.”
5.What does Ellen Langer’s study show？（　　）
A.It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist. B.Translation makes people knowledgeable.
C.Simpler jobs require greater caution. D.Moderate effort produces the best result.
6.The underlined word “go-getter” in Paragraph 3 refers to someone who 　　　　.（　　）
A.is good at handling pressure B.works hard to become successful
C.has a natural talent for his job D.gets on well with his co-workers
7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.A good thinker is able to inspire other people.
B.Experience unrelated to your job is useless.
C.A cheerful mood helps us to be creative.
D.Focusing on what you do raises productivity.
8.What does the text seem to advocate？（　　）
A.Middle-of-the-road work habits. B.Balance between work and family.
C.Long-standing cultural traditions. D.Harmony in the work environment.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
（2024·鄭州高二下期末）If you’re currently studying in senior high school， chances are that you’ve started thinking about what your career options might be for the future. 9.（　　）
　　If you use a step-by-step plan， you can avoid choosing a college major that turns out to be nothing like you expected and head on a career path with more confidence and eventual success.
　　Start With an Aptitude （能力） Test
　　10.（　　） Other people find reading， writing and learning languages easy. Taking an aptitude test， also known as a career test or career quiz， will help you determine where your study skills will help you best.
　　You shouldn’t pigeon-hole yourself into a profession just because a career test says it’s right for you. 11.（　　） However， aptitude tests often help you identify professions you might not have considered.
　　Take a Personality Test
　　Personality tests can help you figure out if you’re a natural leader or more of a follower. 12.（　　） How do you handle conflict？ What about dealing with bullies or gossips？ A personality test will help you decide if you might be comfortable working for a large corporation in a team environment， or as an entrepreneur （創業者） launching your own business.
　　List Jobs That Interest You
　　Write a list of jobs that interest you. 13.（　　） Be realistic， based on where you live and what your finances are. For example， if you want to start a restaurant， you’ll need hundreds of thousands of dollars. Working in a restaurant as a prep cook or taking cooking classes will help you see what the restaurant business is like and whether or not it might be right for you.
A.It’s never too early for you to do so.
B.Are you good at singing or drawing？
C.Many people end up doing what they don’t like.
D.For some people， subjects like maths and science come easily.
E.Do you like to work in groups， or are you better on your own？
F.You shouldn’t avoid a career because a test says it’s not a good fit.
G.They can be jobs you know nothing about but are fun or challenging.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I had watched our new refrigerator being delivered， and then I did what any child would do with a huge box — turning it into something wonderful.In my case， it was a 　14　where I was going to help people.
Over the next few days， I readily 　15　 everyone I saw.Our dogs and cats， along with Grandma， made up the majority of my 　16　.
My box room 　17　 pretty quickly after that， but the dream stayed.　18　， it went into sleep for a while.After graduating from high school， I couldn’t 　19　to go to university.So I decided to work and take 　20　classes instead.
Though years passed， my 　21　 didn’t.As I worked job after job， I always managed to set aside 　22　 time and money to take college classes at night.Over time， I received my first college 　23　.As my regular jobs 　24　， so did the amount of effort and funds I could spend on my university classes.Before I knew it， another college degree had been 　25　.And so it went， after working for years and 　26　 every part of education， I acquired my eighth and final degree.I 　27　 became a doctor as I had wished.
　　　28　 is a joyful lifelong process， and I managed to reach my goal over the years by taking one class at a time.
14.（　）A.clinic　　　　　　 B.restaurant
C.shelter D.classroom
15.（　）A.served B.taught
C.cured D.frightened
16.（　）A.customers B.patients
C.students D.victims
17.（　）A.burnt down B.fell apart
C.floated away D.came out
18.（　）A.Besides B.Therefore
C.Otherwise D.However
19.（　）A.determine B.expect
C.select D.afford
20.（　）A.normal B.special
C.part-time D.regular
21.（　）A.career B.dream
C.problem D.hobby
22.（　）A.enough B.little
C.difficult D.convenient
23.（　）A.degree B.diploma
C.certificate D.admission
24.（　）A.changed B.expanded
C.permitted D.improved
25.（　）A.challenged B.completed
C.attempted D.inspected
26.（　）A.considering B.reserving
C.enjoying D.adopting
27.（　）A.previously B.occasionally
C.eventually D.deliberately
28.（　）A.Education B.Experience
C.Graduation D.Growth
Ⅳ.語法填空
The founder of one of the first big companies to switch to a four-day working week has called on others 29.　　　　　　 （follow）， claiming it has resulted in a 20% rise 30.　　　　 productivity， appeared to have helped increase profits and improved staff wellbeing.
Analysis of one of the biggest trials yet of the four-day working week has revealed no fall in output， reduced stress and increased staff engagement， increasing hopes 31.　　　　　　 a better work-life balance for millions could be in sight.
Perpetual Guardian， a New Zealand financial services company， 32.　　　　　　 （switch） its 240 staff from a five-day to a four-day week last November and maintained 33.　　　　　　 （they） pay.Productivity increased in the four days they worked， so there was no drop in the total amount of work 34.　　　　　　 （do）， a study of the trial released on Tuesday has revealed.
“We need to get more companies to give 35.　　　　　　 a go.They will be surprised at the 36.　　　　　　 （improve） in their company， their staff and in their wider community，” said Andrew Barnes， Perpetual Guardian’s founder.
The eight-week experiment was 37.　　　　　　 （close） watched by employers and policymakers around the world.Perpetual Guardian 38.　　　　　　 （receive） more than 350 requests for information about the trial from 28 countries so far.Most have come from organisations in the UK， followed by Australia， the US and Germany.
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.or　2.that　3.that　4.where　5.so/and　6.who
維度二
1.Our outdoor activity will last three hours and we’ll come back at about 11 o’clock.
2.We’ll organise all kinds of activities in our English club in which we can not only practice but also learn more English.
3.Because he missed the first bus， he was late for school.
4.The police wants to know when you entered the room.
5.Several weeks had passed before I knew the painting was lost.
維度三
1.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have they quarreled with each other.
2.I hope to live where the air is fresh and people are friendly.
3.Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.
4.Thank you so much for not only giving me life， but also teaching me how to be a good person.
5.In the past， we had to sit at our desks in silence and pay attention to what the teachers were saying.
6.The other day I attended an English speech contest in which I won the first prize.
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今人們工作時間越來越長，作者認為長時間工作有很大的危害。
1.A　段落大意題。根據第二段可知，本段主要闡述了工作的價值。
2.C　推理判斷題。第三段指出全球有4億多人每周工作49小時以上，接下來第四段又以Elon Musk為例，說明那些高層管理人員工作時間也很長。因此作者以Elon Musk為例是為了表明工作時間長是普遍現象。
3.B　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，作者認為長時間工作不利于完成更多的任務，這樣做會付出很高的代價，也就是說作者認為長時間工作是有害的。
4.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，《紐約時報》采訪Elon Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%，因此投資者是有點失望的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。許多人認為，最大限度地工作是成功的秘訣，但研究發現，適度工作也能取得不錯的成果。
5.D　推理判斷題。根據第一、二段可知，Ellen Langer的研究表明適度的努力會產生最好的結果。
6.B　詞義猜測題。根據語境以及while前后表對比關系可知，那些在會議室吃飯時閑聊的同事會得到別人不屑的目光，即被認為不努力工作；相反，那些在辦公桌前吃午飯的年輕銀行家可能被視為是一個努力上進的人。由此可知，go-getter應該指那些努力工作以求成功的人。
7.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，積極的情緒能夠提高生產力和創造力，也就是說，愉快的心情有助于創造性思維。
8.A　主旨大意題。綜合全文可知，文章主要告訴我們適度的工作也會帶來很好的成果，所以文章提倡適度工作，即中庸的工作習慣。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。就職業規劃而言，越早越好。我們應該如何確定未來的職業道路呢？
9.A　上句指出高中生應該開始考慮未來的職業規劃，A項對此進一步強調，A項中的do so指代上句中的started thinking about what your career options。
10.D　下句中的Other people與D項中的some people正好呼應，故D項符合語境。
11.F　上句以You shouldn’t開頭，F項也以You shouldn’t開頭，兩句形成并列，都是對讀者提出的職業選擇建議。
12.E　本段主要講述性格測試，E項符合語境，和后面幾句都是針對性格提出的問題。
13.G　上句建議我們列出一些我們感興趣的工作，G項中的They正好指代上句中的jobs。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者從小就有當醫生的夢想并為之而努力，最終他的夢想成真。
14.A　根據倒數第二段中became a doctor as I had wished可知，作者如愿以償地成為一名醫生。由此可知，作者應該是用紙箱做了一個診所，并在接下來的幾天里，欣然治愈了見到的每個人。
15.C　參見上題解析。
16.B　作者扮演醫生的角色，狗和貓，以及奶奶組成了他的大部分患者。
17.B　根據下文but the dream stayed可知，作者用紙箱做的診所不復存在了。
18.D　根據上文the dream stayed及下文可知，作者的夢想在多年之后才得以實現，所以上下文是轉折關系。
19.D　根據下文So I decided to work可知，高中畢業后，作者上不起大學。
20.C　根據上文的So I decided to work及下文中的take college classes at night可知，作者決定一邊工作，一邊去上一些課程。
21.B　根據上文中的but the dream stayed可知，本空應填夢想。
22.A　根據下文內容可知，作者修完了全部的課程并最終成為一名醫生，因此他付出了足夠的時間和錢去上夜校。
23.A　根據下文中的Before I knew it， another college degree可知，隨著時間的推移，作者獲得了自己的第一個大學學位。
24.D　根據下文so did the amount of effort and funds I could spend on my university classes可知，作者的工作有了改善。
25.B　根據上文another college degree可知，作者完成了另一個大學學位。
26.C　根據下文中的a joyful lifelong process可知，作者是在享受教育。
27.C　根據上下文可知，作者最終成為一名醫生，實現了他的夢想。
28.A　根據上文可知，作者通過上夜校來接受教育并獲得學位，最終實現了自己當醫生的夢想。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。新西蘭一家公司采取（一周）四天工作制，其結果出乎人們的意料。
29.to follow　這里需要賓語補足語，因此填入動詞不定式形式to follow。
30.in　本句表示生產力（率）取得了20%的增長。介詞in表示“在某個方面”。
31.that　名詞hopes后面表示“希望”的具體內容，是一個同位語從句，因此填入連詞that。
32.switched　根據下文可知，這里在講述過去發生的事，因此用一般過去時。
33.their　本空后面是名詞pay，因此填入一個形容詞性物主代詞。
34.done　這里表示“被做的”工作，因此用過去分詞done作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞work。
35.it　give it a go是一個固定表達，表示“嘗試一下”。
36.improvement　空前的定冠詞the暗示這里應用一個名詞。
37.closely　本空后面是動詞watched，因此填入副詞closely。
38.has received　本句后面的時間狀語so far暗示這里應用現在完成時。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
復習長難句
①This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.
②The top three scores are used to make a code that indicates the participant’s overall work personality.
③The best time to start thinking about possible careers is while you are still at school， before you make any choices about your further education.
④The career you have defines your life， and so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people.
【我的發現】
1.句①②③為　　　　　　；在句①中，because引導的是　　　　從句，who引導的是　　　　從句，都是名詞性從句；在句②中，that引導的是　　　　從句，修飾先行詞code；在句③中，while引導的是　　　　從句，before引導的是　　　　從句。
2.句④為并列復合句，and連接的是　　　　句，you have是　　　　從句，修飾先行詞The career，引導詞為關系代詞　　　　　，在從句中作賓語，被省略。
一、長難句的基本構成
　英語的長句子之所以長，是因為含有較多較長的修飾成分，或是包含多個并列句或從句。長句子的理解與一般句子相似，主要包括句法結構、語義邏輯和語篇功能三個方面。理解長句的基礎是厘清句子的結構層次，這需要學習者熟悉了解英語的基本句型，在此基礎上抓住長句子的主干，即句子的主語和謂語，然后再逐層梳理分析長句中其他成分的層次關系。
①If you want to hold a koala， you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
【分析】　該句的主干是一個主謂狀結構（you have to go to zoos），if引導的是條件狀語從句，where 后面直到句尾是個很長的定語從句，修飾zoos。這個定語從句之所以長，是因為其中含有兩個由that引導的賓語從句。
【句意】　如果想抱抱考拉，你得去那些有執照的動物園。那里的動物專家會確保挑選出來的考拉狀態良好、適合與人接觸，游客愛撫考拉的時長和頻率也有限制。
②But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well， because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability， and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
【分析】　本句第一層從because分開，前面的主句為“主系表”結構，because后面直到句尾是一個“主謂賓”結構的原因狀語從句，用來說明“這項工作很有意義”的理由。第二層，原因狀語從句內部包含兩個由that引導的賓語從句，作show的賓語。第三層，兩個that引導的賓語從句是并列關系，也都是“主系表”結構。
【句意】　但以任何標準來看，這項工作對我們都是值得的；因為它表明，我們是關注世界穩定的全球公民，我們對他人負有責任，我們為建立人類命運共同體做好了準備。
二、如何處理長難句
1.據謂語，找主語
一般情況下，一個謂語形式的動詞對應其動作的發出者（主語），我們可以根據謂語動詞的意義來確定其主語。而且，如果一個句子中出現兩個或兩個以上的謂語形式的動詞，則該句可以是并列句或復合句（并列謂語動詞的情況除外）。
（2023·新課標Ⅱ卷）Naming each nature experience creates a usable language， which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.
【分析】　本句的主語為：Naming each nature experience，謂語為creates；本句包含雙重定語從句，which引導的非限制性定語從句修飾前半句話，在這一定語從句中又嵌入了一個that引導的定語從句來修飾activities。
【句意】　為每一種自然體驗命名可以創造一種可用的語言，來幫助人們認識并參與對他們來說最滿意和最有意義的活動。
2.提主干，去枝葉
一般情況下，一個句子中的主句所表達的信息為主要信息，從句、狀語和定語等所表達的信息為次要信息。若句子的主干提煉不出來，就不能完全把握句子的核心意義，從而導致思維混亂，主次不分。
（2023·全國乙卷）If you want to tell the history of the whole world， a history that does not privilege one part of humanity， you cannot do it through texts alone， because only some of the world has ever had texts， while most of the world， for most of the time， has not.
【分析】　本句的主干為：you cannot do it through texts alone；本句包含的從句非常多且復雜，If引導條件狀語從句，a history that ...為同位語從句，修飾前面條件狀語從句中的history，because引導原因狀語從句，while為表轉折關系的連詞，其前后成對比關系。
【句意】　如果你想講述整個世界的歷史，一部不僅僅講述特權階層者的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來完成，因為世界上只有一部分人有過文本，而世界上的大部分人，在大部分時間里，并沒有文本。
3.尋關聯，辨邏輯
一些長句其實是由若干分句組成的并列句或復合句，而這些并列句或復合句之間需要一些關聯詞來連接。如果我們找準這些關聯詞，就能夠弄清楚句與句之間的邏輯關系，分別弄清主句的意義和從句的意義，對長句的理解就容易多了。要掌握此方法，必須對英語中常見的關聯詞諳熟于心。
Whether you get along well with your professors or not has a huge effect on your self-growth as it is a measure of how well you can respect authority and obey requirements.
【分析】　本句為復合句，句中Whether引導主語從句，as 引導原因狀語從句，how引導的從句作介詞of 的賓語。
【句意】　你與教授相處是否融洽對你的自身發展有很大影響，因為這是衡量你是否尊重權威和服從要求的標準。
4.看搭配，防分隔
有時一個長句或難句是由一個或多個搭配構成，而且這些搭配中常常出現分隔現象。學生若受分隔現象的干擾而看不清句子的本來面目，對句意的理解就會發生偏差。
①Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products， to some degree， their main selling points and emphasize it in their advertising.
【分析】　本句是一個“主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語”句型，“make＋賓語＋賓語補足語”意為“使……成為……”，只不過賓語和賓語補足語被to some degree隔開而已。
【句意】　一些公司把衛生的、安全的產品的生產，從某種程度上說，當作他們的賣點，并在廣告中強調這一點。
②The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.
【分析】　本句的主干為The fact does not mean that ...emotions，其中，that they do not experience emotions 是賓語從句，作mean 的賓語。that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another為fact 的同位語從句，其中as do members of another 是狀語從句，助動詞do 位于主語members of another 前形成倒裝，主語后省略了express their emotions。
【句意】　一種文化背景下的人不像另一種文化背景下的人一樣直率地表達他們的情感，這一事實并不意味著他們沒有這些情感。
【即時演練】　分析下列長難句并翻譯
　①It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals， corporations， and other social organizations.
【分析】　本句為復合句。其中，one指代前面的　　　　　　　　，后面為定語從句，修飾先行詞　　　　；且從句使用了cannot和without，表示雙重否定。
【句意】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
【分析】　本句為復合句。主句lay the tube in place為　　　　句；so that引導　　　　狀語從句，從句是由and連接的并列句。
【句意】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
③If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping， I would have laughed heartily.
【分析】　本句為主從復合句。if引導的是　　　　　　 從句，因表示與過去事實相反的假設，所以本句中條件句使用過去完成時。此外，從句中還包含一個由that引導的　　　　 從句。
【句意】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
④Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.
【分析】　本句為　　　　句，little為否定詞，當否定詞置于句首時，句子要用部分倒裝。
【句意】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
⑤What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.
【分析】　此句中，What 引導的是　　　　 從句，作主語。此外，I had experienced in the past為　　　　 從句，修飾先行詞anything。
【句意】　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
accuse vt.控告；控訴；譴責
【教材原句】　There was a huge debate about whether the reporter should be accused of spying on the star couple. 關于該記者是否應該被指控監視這對明星夫婦，存在著巨大的爭論。
【用法】
（1）accuse sb of （doing） sth 控告/指責某人（做了）某事
be accused of 被控告……
（2）the accused 被告
【佳句】　The entrepreneur was accused of lacking a sense of responsibility and she had no choice but to resign from her position.
這位企業家被指控缺乏責任感，她別無選擇只能辭去她的職位。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①That his friends 　　　　　　（accuse） him of not being honest made Jack very angry.
【寫美】　一句多譯
②這位青少年被控告偷了這位女士的金戒指。
→The teenager 　　　　　　　　　　　　　the woman’s gold ring.（accuse）
→The teenager 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the woman’s gold ring.（charge）
greedy adj.貪婪的；貪心的
【教材原句】　Different people might have different opinions about this，but wouldn’t it be kind of greedy to focus on money and fame rather than on something more meaningful？
不同的人對此可能有不同的看法，但關注金錢和名望而不是更有意義的事情，難道不是有點貪婪嗎？
【用法】
be greedy for sth　　　對某事（物）貪婪/渴望
be greedy to do sth 渴望做某事
【佳句】　The businessman’s greed led him to make a series of risky and greedy investments， ultimately resulting in financial ruin.
這位商人的貪婪使他進行了一系列冒險和貪婪的投資，最終導致了財務上的破產。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①（2023·新課標Ⅰ卷）No matter where I buy them， one steamer is rarely enough， yet two seems 　　　　　　（greed）.
【寫美】　完成句子
②It dawned on me that we should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. （讀后續寫之思想感悟）
我恍然大悟，我們應該記住不要貪心。
come to a/the conclusion得出結論
【教材原句】　So I come to the conclusion that if you want a great career， you need to commit yourself to something the meaningful.
所以我得出結論：如果你想要一個偉大的職業，你需要致力于一些有意義的事情。
【用法】
（1）draw/reach/arrive at a/the conclusion
　　　　　　　　 得出結論
in conclusion 最后；總之
（2）conclude v. 斷定；推斷出；得出結論；（使）結束，終止
【佳句】　From what has been discussed above， we can come to/arrive at/reach/draw the conclusion that you must have self-confidence if you want to achieve your goal.
通過上面的討論，我們可以得出結論：如果你想實現目標，你一定要自信。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①（2022·全國乙卷） 　　　　　　　　conclusion， the results are quite interesting， indicating that language learning can be integrated with personal hobbies and entertainment.
【寫美】　完成句子
②After hours of debate and analysis， we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　would be the most effective.經過幾個小時的辯論和分析，我們得出結論：新的營銷策略將是最有效的。
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
1.主從復合句　表語　賓語　定語　表語　狀語
2.并列　定語　that/which
即時演練
①accomplishment　one　這是一個驚人的成就，一個沒有來自個人、公司和其他社會組織的慷慨的支持，我們就不可能取得的成就。
②祈使　目的　接著把管子放在恰當的位置，使得管子的一端一直放在杯子里并且管子的其余部分向上延伸到洞的外部。
③條件狀語　賓語　如果三年前有人告訴我，我會用大部分的周末時間來野營，我會開懷大笑。
④倒裝　我不知道我竟然會愛上美式手語。
⑤主語　定語　我所看到的和我之前經歷的完全不同。
【知識要點·須拾遺】
1.①accused　②was accused of stealing； was charged with stealing
2.①greedy　②remember not to be greedy
3.①In　②came to/arrived at/reached/drew the conclusion that the new marketing strategy
4 / 5(共86張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
知識要點·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
復習長難句
①This is because your career is a very important part of who you are.
②The top three scores are used to make a code that indicates the
participant’s overall work personality.
③The best time to start thinking about possible careers is while you are
still at school， before you make any choices about your further
education.
④The career you have defines your life， and so taking time to think
about it is an essential exercise for young people.
【我的發現】
1. 句①②③為 ；在句①中，because引導的是
從句，who引導的是 從句，都是名詞性從句；在句②
中，that引導的是 從句，修飾先行詞code；在句③中，
while引導的是 從句，before引導的是 從句。
2. 句④為并列復合句，and連接的是 句，you have是
從句，修飾先行詞The career，引導詞為關系代
詞 ，在從句中作賓語，被省略。
主從復合句　
表
語　
賓語　
定語　
表語　
狀語　
并列　
定
語　
that/which　
一、長難句的基本構成
　英語的長句子之所以長，是因為含有較多較長的修飾成分，或是包
含多個并列句或從句。長句子的理解與一般句子相似，主要包括句法
結構、語義邏輯和語篇功能三個方面。理解長句的基礎是厘清句子的
結構層次，這需要學習者熟悉了解英語的基本句型，在此基礎上抓住
長句子的主干，即句子的主語和謂語，然后再逐層梳理分析長句中其
他成分的層次關系。
①If you want to hold a koala， you have to go to certain licensed zoos
where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session
are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a
limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
【分析】　該句的主干是一個主謂狀結構（you have to go to zoos），
if引導的是條件狀語從句，where 后面直到句尾是個很長的定語從
句，修飾zoos。這個定語從句之所以長，是因為其中含有兩個由that
引導的賓語從句。
【句意】　如果想抱抱考拉，你得去那些有執照的動物園。那里的動
物專家會確保挑選出來的考拉狀態良好、適合與人接觸，游客愛撫考
拉的時長和頻率也有限制。
②But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well， because it shows
that we are global citizens interested in world stability， and that we feel
responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared
future for mankind.
【分析】　本句第一層從because分開，前面的主句為“主系表”結
構，because后面直到句尾是一個“主謂賓”結構的原因狀語從句，用
來說明“這項工作很有意義”的理由。第二層，原因狀語從句內部包
含兩個由that引導的賓語從句，作show的賓語。第三層，兩個that引導
的賓語從句是并列關系，也都是“主系表”結構。
【句意】　但以任何標準來看，這項工作對我們都是值得的；因為它
表明，我們是關注世界穩定的全球公民，我們對他人負有責任，我們
為建立人類命運共同體做好了準備。
二、如何處理長難句
1. 據謂語，找主語
一般情況下，一個謂語形式的動詞對應其動作的發出者（主語），
我們可以根據謂語動詞的意義來確定其主語。而且，如果一個句子
中出現兩個或兩個以上的謂語形式的動詞，則該句可以是并列句或
復合句（并列謂語動詞的情況除外）。
（2023·新課標Ⅱ卷）Naming each nature experience creates a usable
language， which helps people recognize and take part in the activities
that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.
【分析】　本句的主語為：Naming each nature experience，謂語為
creates；本句包含雙重定語從句，which引導的非限制性定語從句修飾
前半句話，在這一定語從句中又嵌入了一個that引導的定語從句來修
飾activities。
【句意】　為每一種自然體驗命名可以創造一種可用的語言，來幫助
人們認識并參與對他們來說最滿意和最有意義的活動。
2. 提主干，去枝葉
一般情況下，一個句子中的主句所表達的信息為主要信息，從
句、狀語和定語等所表達的信息為次要信息。若句子的主干提
煉不出來，就不能完全把握句子的核心意義，從而導致思維混
亂，主次不分。
（2023·全國乙卷）If you want to tell the history of the whole world，
a history that does not privilege one part of humanity， you cannot do it
through texts alone， because only some of the world has ever had
texts， while most of the world， for most of the time， has not.
【分析】　本句的主干為：you cannot do it through texts alone；本句
包含的從句非常多且復雜，If引導條件狀語從句，a history that ...為
同位語從句，修飾前面條件狀語從句中的history，because引導原因狀
語從句，while為表轉折關系的連詞，其前后成對比關系。
【句意】　如果你想講述整個世界的歷史，一部不僅僅講述特權階層
者的歷史，你不能僅僅通過文本來完成，因為世界上只有一部分人有
過文本，而世界上的大部分人，在大部分時間里，并沒有文本。
3. 尋關聯，辨邏輯
一些長句其實是由若干分句組成的并列句或復合句，而這些并列句
或復合句之間需要一些關聯詞來連接。如果我們找準這些關聯詞，
就能夠弄清楚句與句之間的邏輯關系，分別弄清主句的意義和從句
的意義，對長句的理解就容易多了。要掌握此方法，必須對英語中
常見的關聯詞諳熟于心。
Whether you get along well with your professors or not has a huge
effect on your self-growth as it is a measure of how well you can
respect authority and obey requirements.
【分析】　本句為復合句，句中Whether引導主語從句，as 引導原因
狀語從句，how引導的從句作介詞of 的賓語。
【句意】　你與教授相處是否融洽對你的自身發展有很大影響，因為
這是衡量你是否尊重權威和服從要求的標準。
4. 看搭配，防分隔
有時一個長句或難句是由一個或多個搭配構成，而且這些搭配中常
常出現分隔現象。學生若受分隔現象的干擾而看不清句子的本來面
目，對句意的理解就會發生偏差。
①Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe
products， to some degree， their main selling points and emphasize it
in their advertising.
【分析】　本句是一個“主語＋謂語＋賓語＋賓語補足語”句型，
“make＋賓語＋賓語補足語”意為“使……成為……”，只不過賓語
和賓語補足語被to some degree隔開而已。
【句意】　一些公司把衛生的、安全的產品的生產，從某種程度上
說，當作他們的賣點，并在廣告中強調這一點。
②The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as
openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not
experience emotions.
【分析】　本句的主干為The fact does not mean that ...emotions，其
中，that they do not experience emotions 是賓語從句，作mean 的賓
語。that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly
as do members of another為fact 的同位語從句，其中as do members of
another 是狀語從句，助動詞do 位于主語members of another 前形成倒
裝，主語后省略了express their emotions。
【句意】　一種文化背景下的人不像另一種文化背景下的人一樣直率
地表達他們的情感，這一事實并不意味著他們沒有這些情感。
【即時演練】　分析下列長難句并翻譯
　①It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without
generous support from individuals， corporations， and other social
organizations.
【分析】　本句為復合句。其中，one指代前面
的 ，后面為定語從句，修飾先行詞 ；且從
句使用了cannot和without，表示雙重否定。
【句意】　

accomplishment　
one　
這是一個驚人的成就，一個沒有來自個人、公司和其他
社會組織的慷慨的支持，我們就不可能取得的成就。　
②Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and
the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
【分析】　本句為復合句。主句lay the tube in place為 句；so
that引導 狀語從句，從句是由and連接的并列句。
【句意】　

祈使　
目的　
接著把管子放在恰當的位置，使得管子的一端一直放在
杯子里并且管子的其余部分向上延伸到洞的外部。　
③If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of
my weekends camping， I would have laughed heartily.
【分析】　本句為主從復合句。if引導的是 從句，因表
示與過去事實相反的假設，所以本句中條件句使用過去完成時。此
外，從句中還包含一個由that引導的 從句。
【句意】　

條件狀語　
賓語　
如果三年前有人告訴我，我會用大部分的周末時間來野
營，我會開懷大笑。　
④Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.
【分析】　本句為 句，little為否定詞，當否定詞置于句首
時，句子要用部分倒裝。
【句意】　
倒裝　
我不知道我竟然會愛上美式手語。　
⑤What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the
past.
【分析】　此句中，What 引導的是 從句，作主語。此外，I
had experienced in the past為 從句，修飾先行詞anything。
【句意】　
主語　
定語　
我所看到的和我之前經歷的完全不同。　
知識要點·須拾遺
關注高頻詞匯
2
accuse vt.控告；控訴；譴責
【教材原句】　There was a huge debate about whether the reporter
should be accused of spying on the star couple. 關于該記者是否應該被
指控監視這對明星夫婦，存在著巨大的爭論。
【用法】
（1）accuse sb of （doing） sth　控告/指責某人（做了）某事
be accused of 　　被控告……
（2）the accused 　　被告
【佳句】　The entrepreneur was accused of lacking a sense of
responsibility and she had no choice but to resign from her position.
這位企業家被指控缺乏責任感，她別無選擇只能辭去她的職位。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①That his friends （accuse） him of not being honest made
Jack very angry.
accused　
【寫美】　一句多譯
②這位青少年被控告偷了這位女士的金戒指。
→The teenager the woman’s gold ring.
（accuse）
→The teenager the woman’s gold ring.
（charge）
was accused of stealing　
was charged with stealing　
greedy adj.貪婪的；貪心的
【教材原句】　Different people might have different opinions about
this，but wouldn’t it be kind of greedy to focus on money and fame
rather than on something more meaningful？
不同的人對此可能有不同的看法，但關注金錢和名望而不是更有意義
的事情，難道不是有點貪婪嗎？
【用法】
be greedy for sth　　　對某事（物）貪婪/渴望
be greedy to do sth　　渴望做某事
【佳句】　The businessman’s greed led him to make a series of risky
and greedy investments， ultimately resulting in financial ruin.
這位商人的貪婪使他進行了一系列冒險和貪婪的投資，最終導致了財
務上的破產。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①（2023·新課標Ⅰ卷）No matter where I buy them， one steamer is
rarely enough， yet two seems （greed）.
【寫美】　完成句子
②It dawned on me that we should .　
（讀后續寫之思想感悟）
我恍然大悟，我們應該記住不要貪心。
greedy　
remember not to be greedy　
come to a/the conclusion得出結論
【教材原句】　So I come to the conclusion that if you want a great
career， you need to commit yourself to something the meaningful. 所以
我得出結論：如果你想要一個偉大的職業，你需要致力于一些有意義
的事情。
【用法】
（1）draw/reach/arrive at a/the conclusion　　　得出結論
in conclusion 　　最后；總之
（2）conclude v.　　斷定；推斷出；得出結論；（使）結束，終止
【佳句】　From what has been discussed above， we can come
to/arrive at/reach/draw the conclusion that you must have self-
confidence if you want to achieve your goal.
通過上面的討論，我們可以得出結論：如果你想實現目標，你一定要
自信。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①（2022·全國乙卷） conclusion， the results are quite
interesting， indicating that language learning can be integrated with
personal hobbies and entertainment.
In　
【寫美】　完成句子
②After hours of debate and analysis， we
would be
the most effective.
經過幾個小時的辯論和分析，我們得出結論：新的營銷策略將是最有
效的。
came to/arrived
at/reached/drew the conclusion that the new marketing strategy　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
維度一：基礎題型練
　　用適當的連詞或關系詞填空。
1. She had to have the operation， she had the chance of dying
early.
2. With minor changes and wiser choices， I hold the firm belief
we can make a bigger impact on the environment.
or　
that　
3. What I learn from my mistakes is I should be confident when
learning English.
4. I know that Chinatown is a place Chinese people live and
work abroad.
5. I attended an English summer camp last year， I am
confident with my communication skills in English.
6. Students always do housework are more willing to take their
own responsibilities either at home or at school.
that　
where　
so/and　
who　
維度二：句型轉換
1. Our outdoor activity will last three hours.We’ll come back at about 11
o’clock.（改為并列句）
→

2. We’ll organise all kinds of activities in our English club.We can not
only practice but also learn more English in the activities.（改為含定
語從句的復合句）
→

Our outdoor activity will last three hours and we’ll come back at
about 11 o’clock.　
We’ll organise all kinds of activities in our English club in which
we can not only practice but also learn more English.　
3. He missed the first bus.He was late for school.（改為含狀語從句的
復合句）
→
4. When did you enter the room？ The police wants to know it.（改為含
名詞性從句的復合句）
→
5. Several weeks had passed.I knew the painting was lost.（改為含狀語
從句的復合句）
→
Because he missed the first bus， he was late for school.　
The police wants to know when you entered the room.　
Several weeks had passed before I knew the painting was lost.　
維度三：語法與寫作
1. 這對老夫婦結婚40年了，他們之間從來沒有爭吵過。（倒裝句）


2. 我希望住在空氣新鮮、人們友好的地方。（where）

The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once have
they quarreled with each other.
I hope to live where the air is fresh and people are friendly.
3. 是否要舉行會議仍然是一個問題。（主語從句）

4. 非常感謝您，不僅給了我生命，而且教我如何做一個好人。


Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.
Thank you so much for not only giving me life， but also teaching me
how to be a good person.
5. 在過去，我們必須安靜地坐在課桌前，并注意聽老師講話。


6. 前幾天我參加了一場英語演講比賽，獲得了一等獎。（in which）


In the past， we had to sit at our desks in silence and pay attention to
what the teachers were saying.
The other day I attended an English speech contest in which I won the
first prize.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·長沙高二下質檢）What’s really behind the global rise in
working longer and longer hours？ We are all workers， whether we work
in an office as managers， in a hot and noisy factory as workers or as
housewives at home.
　　The important message is：Work is for man and not man for work！
Through work， man develops himself， his personality and his sense of
self-worth.It is also through work that man produces goods and services
contributing and participating in the development and society.
　　According to latest International Labor Organization statistics， more
than 400 million employed people worldwide work 49 or more hours per
week.
　　In a recent interview with The New York Times， even Elon Musk，
CEO of Tesla， felt moved to describe his 47th birthday spent locked in
his factory， pulling an all-nighter.“No friends， nothing，” he said.It
might have been just another day in another 120-hour work week.“This
has really come at the expense of seeing my kids.And seeing friends，”
he added.
　　Hustling over long hours and weekends has become a staple of start-
up culture in Silicon Valley — hence， it has also filtered out to many
parts of the world.
　　The problem is that this “long hours” culture likely defeats the
purpose of getting more things done， or at least puts a very high price on
doing them.There is plenty of evidence that working overtime reduces
your productivity， and makes you feel and actually be less healthy.It also
makes you more likely to develop a whole range of diseases.
　　Keep in mind that working for days at a time is not smart， even if
you are Elon Musk.The news of his unhealthy work routine has not been
well received by investors， and Tesla’s stock fell 8.8% shortly after the
NYT interview， amid suspicions of Musk’s poor mental health.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今人們工作時間越來越長，作者
認為長時間工作有很大的危害。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今人們工作時間越來越長，作者
認為長時間工作有很大的危害。
1. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. The value of working.
B. The purpose of working.
C. The necessity of working long.
D. The importance of working hard.
解析：　段落大意題。根據第二段可知，本段主要闡述了工作的
價值。
2. What’s the author’s purpose of giving the example of Elon Musk？
（　　）
A. To prove CEOs work harder.
B. To show CEOs are very busy.
C. To show working long is common.
D. To prove working long is rewarding.
解析： 　推理判斷題。第三段指出全球有4億多人每周工作49小
時以上，接下來第四段又以Elon Musk為例，說明那些高層管理人
員工作時間也很長。因此作者以Elon Musk為例是為了表明工作時
間長是普遍現象。
3. What does the author think of working long hours？（　　）
A. It’s valuable. B. It’s harmful.
C. It’s necessary. D. It’s understandable.
解析： 　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，作者認為長時間工
作不利于完成更多的任務，這樣做會付出很高的代價，也就是說作
者認為長時間工作是有害的。
4. How did the investors probably feel when they watched Elon Musk’s
interview？（　　）
A. Very satisfied. B. Very confused.
C. A little surprised. D. A little disappointed.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，《紐約時報》采訪
Elon Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%，因此投資
者是有點失望的。
B
　　（2024·煙臺高二下月考）Many people believe that working to the
maximum is the secret to success， but research has found that moderation
（適度） also gets results on the job.
　　In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University， researchers
asked people to translate sentences into a new made-up language. Subjects
who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than
those who practiced extensively or not at all. High levels of knowledge
can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems
across fields the arts， sciences， and politics. High conscientiousness is
related to lower job performance， especially in simple jobs where it
doesn’t pay to be a perfectionist.
　　How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under
careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats
lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter， while his colleagues
who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the
corner office. “People from cultures that value relationships more than
ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a
computer，” says Art Markman， a professor of psychology at the
University of Texas， Austin. Social interaction has been shown to lift
mood and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could
help improve any post-lunch effort.
　　Markman also promotes off-task time. “Part of being a good thinker
is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are
working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work，”
he says. “Also， there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood
leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity. So， when people do
things to increase their life satisfaction， they also make themselves more
effective at work.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。許多人認為，最大限度地工作是成
功的秘訣，但研究發現，適度工作也能取得不錯的成果。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。許多人認為，最大限度地工作是成
功的秘訣，但研究發現，適度工作也能取得不錯的成果。
5. What does Ellen Langer’s study show？（　　）
A. It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist.
B. Translation makes people knowledgeable.
C. Simpler jobs require greater caution.
D. Moderate effort produces the best result.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第一、二段可知，Ellen Langer的研究
表明適度的努力會產生最好的結果。
6. The underlined word “go-getter” in Paragraph 3 refers to someone
who 　　　　.（　　）
A. is good at handling pressure
B. works hard to become successful
C. has a natural talent for his job
D. gets on well with his co-workers
解析： 　詞義猜測題。根據語境以及while前后表對比關系可知，
那些在會議室吃飯時閑聊的同事會得到別人不屑的目光，即被認為
不努力工作；相反，那些在辦公桌前吃午飯的年輕銀行家可能被視
為是一個努力上進的人。由此可知，go-getter應該指那些努力工作
以求成功的人。
7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. A good thinker is able to inspire other people.
B. Experience unrelated to your job is useless.
C. A cheerful mood helps us to be creative.
D. Focusing on what you do raises productivity.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，積極的情緒能夠提高
生產力和創造力，也就是說，愉快的心情有助于創造性思維。
8. What does the text seem to advocate？（　　）
A. Middle-of-the-road work habits.
B. Balance between work and family.
C. Long-standing cultural traditions.
D. Harmony in the work environment.
解析：　主旨大意題。綜合全文可知，文章主要告訴我們適度的
工作也會帶來很好的成果，所以文章提倡適度工作，即中庸的工作
習慣。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·鄭州高二下期末）If you’re currently studying in senior
high school， chances are that you’ve started thinking about what your
career options might be for the future. 9.（　　）
　　If you use a step-by-step plan， you can avoid choosing a college
major that turns out to be nothing like you expected and head on a career
path with more confidence and eventual success.
　　Start With an Aptitude （能力） Test
　　10. （　　） Other people find reading， writing and learning
languages easy. Taking an aptitude test， also known as a career test or
career quiz， will help you determine where your study skills will help
you best.
　　You shouldn’t pigeon-hole yourself into a profession just because a
career test says it’s right for you. 11.（　　） However， aptitude tests
often help you identify professions you might not have considered.
　　Take a Personality Test
　　Personality tests can help you figure out if you’re a natural leader or
more of a follower. 12.（　　） How do you handle conflict？ What
about dealing with bullies or gossips？ A personality test will help you
decide if you might be comfortable working for a large corporation in a
team environment， or as an entrepreneur （創業者） launching your
own business.
　　List Jobs That Interest You
　　Write a list of jobs that interest you. 13.（　　） Be realistic，
based on where you live and what your finances are. For example， if you
want to start a restaurant， you’ll need hundreds of thousands of dollars.
Working in a restaurant as a prep cook or taking cooking classes will help
you see what the restaurant business is like and whether or not it might be
right for you.
A. It’s never too early for you to do so.
B. Are you good at singing or drawing？
C. Many people end up doing what they don’t like.
D. For some people， subjects like maths and science come easily.
E. Do you like to work in groups， or are you better on your own？
F. You shouldn’t avoid a career because a test says it’s not a good fit.
G. They can be jobs you know nothing about but are fun or challenging.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。就職業規劃而言，越早越好。我們
應該如何確定未來的職業道路呢？
9. A　上句指出高中生應該開始考慮未來的職業規劃，A項對此進一
步強調，A項中的do so指代上句中的started thinking about what your
career options。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。就職業規劃而言，越早越好。我們
應該如何確定未來的職業道路呢？
10. D　下句中的Other people與D項中的some people正好呼應，故D項
符合語境。
11. F　上句以You shouldn’t開頭，F項也以You shouldn’t開頭，兩
句形成并列，都是對讀者提出的職業選擇建議。
12. E　本段主要講述性格測試，E項符合語境，和后面幾句都是針對
性格提出的問題。
13. G　上句建議我們列出一些我們感興趣的工作，G項中的They正好
指代上句中的jobs。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　I had watched our new refrigerator being delivered， and then I did
what any child would do with a huge box — turning it into something
wonderful.In my case， it was a 　14　where I was going to help people.
　　Over the next few days， I readily 　15　 everyone I saw.Our dogs
and cats， along with Grandma， made up the majority of my 　16　.
　　My box room 　17　 pretty quickly after that， but the dream
stayed. 　18　， it went into sleep for a while.After graduating from high
school， I couldn’t 　19　to go to university.So I decided to work and
take 　20　classes instead.
　　Though years passed， my 　21　 didn’t.As I worked job after
job， I always managed to set aside 　22　 time and money to take
college classes at night.Over time， I received my first
college 　23　.As my regular jobs 　24　， so did the amount of effort
and funds I could spend on my university classes.Before I knew it，
another college degree had been 　25　.And so it went， after working
for years and 　26　 every part of education， I acquired my eighth and
final degree.I 　27　 became a doctor as I had wished.
　　 　28　 is a joyful lifelong process， and I managed to reach my goal
over the years by taking one class at a time.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者從小就有當醫生的夢想并為之
而努力，最終他的夢想成真。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者從小就有當醫生的夢想并為之
而努力，最終他的夢想成真。
14. A. clinic B. restaurant
C. shelter D. classroom
解析：　根據倒數第二段中became a doctor as I had wished
可知，作者如愿以償地成為一名醫生。由此可知，作者應該是
用紙箱做了一個診所，并在接下來的幾天里，欣然治愈了見到
的每個人。
15. A. served B. taught
C. cured D. frightened
解析：　參見上題解析。
16. A. customers B. patients
C. students D. victims
解析： 　作者扮演醫生的角色，狗和貓，以及奶奶組成了他的
大部分患者。
17. A. burnt down B. fell apart
C. floated away D. came out
解析： 　根據下文but the dream stayed可知，作者用紙箱做的診
所不復存在了。
18. A. Besides B. Therefore
C. Otherwise D. However
解析： 　根據上文the dream stayed及下文可知，作者的夢想在多
年之后才得以實現，所以上下文是轉折關系。
19. A. determine B. expect
C. select D. afford
解析： 　根據下文So I decided to work可知，高中畢業后，作者
上不起大學。
20. A. normal B. special
C. part-time D. regular
解析： 　根據上文的So I decided to work及下文中的take college
classes at night可知，作者決定一邊工作，一邊去上一些課程。
21. A. career B. dream
C. problem D. hobby
解析： 　根據上文中的but the dream stayed可知，本空應填
夢想。
22. A. enough B. little
C. difficult D. convenient
解析： 　根據下文內容可知，作者修完了全部的課程并最終成
為一名醫生，因此他付出了足夠的時間和錢去上夜校。
23. A. degree B. diploma
C. certificate D. admission
解析： 　根據下文中的Before I knew it， another college degree
可知，隨著時間的推移，作者獲得了自己的第一個大學學位。
24. A. changed B. expanded
C. permitted D. improved
解析： 　根據下文so did the amount of effort and funds I could
spend on my university classes可知，作者的工作有了改善。
25. A. challenged B. completed
C. attempted D. inspected
解析： 　根據上文another college degree可知，作者完成了另一
個大學學位。
26. A. considering B. reserving
C. enjoying D. adopting
解析：　根據下文中的a joyful lifelong process可知，作者是在享
受教育。
27. A. previously B. occasionally
C. eventually D. deliberately
解析：　根據上下文可知，作者最終成為一名醫生，實現了他
的夢想。
28. A. Education B. Experience
C. Graduation D. Growth
解析：　根據上文可知，作者通過上夜校來接受教育并獲得學
位，最終實現了自己當醫生的夢想。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　The founder of one of the first big companies to switch to a four-day
working week has called on others 29. 　　　　　　 （follow），
claiming it has resulted in a 20% rise 30. 　　　　　　 productivity，
appeared to have helped increase profits and improved staff wellbeing.
　　Analysis of one of the biggest trials yet of the four-day working week
has revealed no fall in output， reduced stress and increased staff
engagement， increasing hopes 31. 　　　　　　 a better work-life
balance for millions could be in sight.
　　Perpetual Guardian， a New Zealand financial services company，
32. 　　　　　　 （switch） its 240 staff from a five-day to a four-day
week last November and maintained 33. 　　　　　　 （they）
pay.Productivity increased in the four days they worked， so there was no
drop in the total amount of work 34. 　　　　　　 （do）， a study of
the trial released on Tuesday has revealed.
　　“We need to get more companies to give 35. 　　　　　　 a
go.They will be surprised at the 36. 　　　　　　 （improve） in their
company， their staff and in their wider community，” said Andrew
Barnes， Perpetual Guardian’s founder.
　　The eight-week experiment was 37. 　　　　　　 （close）
watched by employers and policymakers around the world.Perpetual
Guardian 38. 　　　　　　 （receive） more than 350 requests for
information about the trial from 28 countries so far.Most have come from
organisations in the UK， followed by Australia， the US and Germany.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。新西蘭一家公司采取（一周）四天
工作制，其結果出乎人們的意料。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。新西蘭一家公司采取（一周）四天
工作制，其結果出乎人們的意料。
29. to follow　這里需要賓語補足語，因此填入動詞不定式形式to
follow。
30. in　本句表示生產力（率）取得了20%的增長。介詞in表示“在某
個方面”。
31. that　名詞hopes后面表示“希望”的具體內容，是一個同位語從
句，因此填入連詞that。
32. switched　根據下文可知，這里在講述過去發生的事，因此用一
般過去時。
33. their　本空后面是名詞pay，因此填入一個形容詞性物主代詞。
34. done　這里表示“被做的”工作，因此用過去分詞done作后置定
語，修飾前面的名詞work。
35. it　give it a go是一個固定表達，表示“嘗試一下”。
36. improvement　空前的定冠詞the暗示這里應用一個名詞。
37. closely　本空后面是動詞watched，因此填入副詞closely。
38. has received　本句后面的時間狀語so far暗示這里應用現在完
成時。
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