資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
維度一：基礎題型練
1.That night， there were millions of people 　　　　（watch） the opening ceremony live on TV.
2.The traffic police observed him 　　　　　　（drive） at 90 miles per hour at that time yesterday.
3.The earthquake hit the area several days ago， 　　　　　　（cause） many deaths.
4.　　　　　　　　　 （tell） many times how to do it， he still couldn’t understand， so I had to do it myself.
5.I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and 　　　　　　（give） lessons to the lovely children.
6.Standing on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower 　　　　　　（date） back to two hundred years ago.
7.　　　　　　　　 （know） that you have trouble in choosing reference books， I am writing to give you some suggestions.
8.　　　　　　 （spend） a few hours with our parents or grandparents helps develop a strong family bond.
9.Our teacher advises us not to spend too much time 　　　　　　（surf） the Internet.
10.I would like to recommend Chinese medicine to you， 　　　　　　（hope） it is of great help to you.
11.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog 　　　　　　（follow） them.
12.I saw a poster 　　　　　　（call） on students to join in the “Earth Day” activity on our campus.
13.What worries me most is her 　　　　　　（stay） up too late every night.
14.The flying bird is lucky enough to escape 　　　　　　（catch） by the hidden nets the farmers spread over the fields.
15.The boy 　　　　　　（scold） by the teacher lowered his head， tears of sadness streaming down his cheeks.
維度二：語法與寫作
1.As for your last letter 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I’d like to share with you how I’m getting along.
關于你上封信問及我的學習和生活（問題），我想和你分享一下我的情況。
2.I spent a whole year 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　until I thought I was fully prepared.
我花了整整一年的時間仔細復習了所有科目，直到我認為我已經完全準備好了。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，English is becoming more and more important.
隨著世界變成地球村，英語變得越來越重要。
4.　　　　　　　　　　 means that we can see the world through a new window.
掌握英語意味著我們可以通過一個新的窗口看世界。
5.As an international language，English acts as a bridge 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
當今，英語作為一門國際語言，是連接各國的橋梁。
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I’m more than pleased to give you some advice.
得知你將去北京，我很高興給你一些建議。
維度三：語法與語篇
　　The British have many traditions but there is nothing more typical than 1.　　　　　　 （take） afternoon tea.We know the British have a love affair with 2.　　　　　　 （drink） tea， with more than 160 million cups drunk every day， but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into a popular pastime.
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea comfortably while 3.　　　　　　 （eat） nice sandwiches， scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And， of course， it can only happen in the afternoon！Afternoon tea， 4.　　　　　　 （date） back to the 1840s， was designed as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner.It went on to become a fashionable social occasion for the upper classes.
Now there is a resurgence （復蘇） in its popularity in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.Though it can be enjoyed at home， the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café.But if you’re thinking of 5.　　　　　　 （visit） such a place to enjoy a plate of sweet and tasty treats with a steaming hot brew， remember the rules you must follow to avoid 6.　　　　　　 （ask） to leave.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·臨沂高二上學期期末考試）Near Mount Everest’s peak， the climbers faced a choice： head for the summit， like others had done， or stop to save the injured man.
Daniel Mazur had spent seven hours climbing up the mountain through ice and snow， and now he sensed that success was near.He and his companions were less than three hours away from the spectacular 29，035-foot summit.
As the men looked out on the snow-covered peaks below， Mazur suddenly saw a flash of bright yellow to his left.On the edge of a cliff was a man sitting cross-legged.Without an oxygen mask， sleeping bag， food or water， there was no reason for him to be alive at 28，000 feet， and he seemed to know it.He looked up at Mazur.
Almost any experienced climber who’s been to Mount Everest knows somebody who didn’t make it back.“There are times when you literally have to step over somebody’s body to get to the top，” says Mazur.
Near the peak on that clear May morning — a mountaineer’s dream， Mazur describes — he and his team members quietly realised they had a choice to make： Should they phone in the man’s situation to his group and continue on？ Or stay with him， until help arrived？
In the end， Mazur knew， there was only one possible decision to be made.“Luckily，” he says， “everyone made the right one.”
They got the man away from the cliff’s edge and helped him back into his snowsuit.With the injured climber secured， Mazur radioed down to high base camp.It was almost noon when a dozen Sherpas finally arrived to help take the man down the mountain.
The man’s name is Lincoln Hall.Hall knows he’s a lucky man， that he could very well have become the 12th person to die on Everest this year — the deadliest season since the 1996 tragedy.Although his rescue is incredible， it has sparked a debate about climbers who leave behind the sick and injured in pursuit of Everest’s grand prize.
1.How long would it take Daniel Mazur to reach Everest’s peak？
A.Three hours. B.Seven hours.
C.Ten hours. D.Thirteen hours.
2.Daniel Mazur found the man 　　　　.
A.at the very halfway point
B.on the top of the mountain
C.when he was climbing down
D.when he nearly reached the top
3.What does the underlined part “the right one” in Paragraph 6 refer to？
A.To make a phone call.
B.To help save the man.
C.To realise their dream.
D.To continue the journey.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A.12 people died on Everest in 1996.
B.11 people died on Everest this year.
C.The public doubt Lincoln Hall’s story.
D.Rescue stories are common on Everest.
B
　　（2024·邯鄲十校高二下學期聯考）How might a small act of kindness influence your mood later today， tonight or throughout this week？ An analysis released Tuesday from scientists behind a research initiative called the BIG JOY Project finds that people who commit daily “micro-acts” of joy experience about a 25% increase in emotional well-being over the course of a week.
　　“We’re really excited，” says Emiliana Simon-Thomas， a BIG JOY Project leader. “There are statistically significant， measurable changes （including） greater well-being， better coping， less stress， more satisfaction with relationships.”
　　The BIG JOY Project is a collaboration between UC Berkeley’s Greater Good Science Center and other research institutions. So far the researchers have preliminary results from over 70，000 participants in more than 200 countries. Overall， the new analysis shows micro-acts led to increased feelings of hope， optimism， as well as moments of fun or silliness.
　　This project did not begin as a typical research study， but rather a “citizen-science” project which is still open to anyone who wants to participate. Here’s how it works. Participants take an online survey to answer questions about their feelings， stress， and their social tendencies. Then， every day for seven consecutive days， they agree to try small， happiness-boosting activities.
　　The recommended micro-acts include making a gratitude list or journal， or engaging in acts of kindness such as visiting a sick neighbour or doing a nice gesture for a friend — or a stranger. Some micro-acts involve celebrating another person’s joy， or engaging in self-reflection， or taking the time to identify the silver lining in a bad situation.
　　Each day， people answer questions about what they did and how they felt afterwards. At the end of the week， they take another survey to judge how their emotions and sense of well-being have changed.
　　“Rather than thinking of joy as something that happens to you， it may make sense to think of it as a skill that you can get better at through practice，” says Simon-Thomas. “If you want to stay physically fit， you have to keep exercising，” Simon-Thomas says， “and the same likely goes for well-being.”
5.Why were the researchers very excited？
A.They made a new scientific discovery.
B.They saw positive effects of micro-acts.
C.The Big Joy Project had been successful.
D.People participated in the project actively.
6.What can we learn about the BIG JOY Project？
A.It opens to the general public.
B.It’s based on scientific theories.
C.It focuses on people’s physical health.
D.It’s carried out in research institutions.
7.What are the participants required to do in the project？
A.Record their daily activities.
B.Research their mental states.
C.Report their emotional changes.
D.Engage in some volunteer work.
8.What does Simon-Thomas advise us to do in the last paragraph？
A.Change our lives for the better.
B.Accept whatever happens to us.
C.Take exercise on a regular basis.
D.Take action to create joy actively.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·六盤水高二下學期質檢）People who are your age， like your classmates， are called peers （同齡人）. When they try to influence how you act， to get you to do something， it’s called peer pressure. 　9　
　　Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked， to fit in， or because they worry that other kids might make fun of them if they don’t go along with the group. 　10　 The idea that “everyone’s doing it” can influence some kids to leave their better judgment， or their common sense， behind.
　　It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure， but you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.
　　It can really help to have at least one other peer， or friend， who is willing to say “no”， too. 　11　 It’s great to have friends with values similar to yours who will support you.
　　Your parents may advise you to “choose your friends wisely”. Peer pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who don’t use drugs， cut class， smoke cigarettes， or lie to their parents， then you probably won’t do these things either， even if other kids do. 　12　 It can be powerful for one kid to join another by simply saying， “I’m with you — let’s go.”
　　Even if you’re faced with peer pressure while you’re alone， there are still things you can do. You can simply stay away from peers who pressure you to do stuff you know is wrong. 　13　 Better yet， find other friends and classmates to pal around with.
A.Just believe in yourself.
B.You can tell them “no” and walk away.
C.Peer pressure is not always a bad thing.
D.This makes it much easier to resist peer pressure.
E.It’s something everyone has to deal with — even adults.
F.Others go along because they are curious to try something new.
G.Try to help a friend who is having trouble resisting peer pressure.
9.　 　　　　　10.　　　　　　11.　　　　
12.　　　 13.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·無錫高二上學期期末考試）In the seventh grade when my mother suggested that I should join the golf team， I thought she had lost her mind.But as usual， my mother 　14　 in the end.I played on the middle-school golf team in the seventh and eighth grade.The summer before high school came， I was 　15　 to join the high school team.
That summer I 　16　 almost every Sunday morning on the golf course with my 　17　， and too many afternoons with my mother.This　18　 relationship with my parents 　19　 during my high school years.　20　 you’re walking down the freshly mowed fairway （修剪的平坦球道）， looking out across miles of nothing but golf course， and looking up at the beautiful blue sky， you will realise what is 　21　 in life.My mom and I　22　 many things in the middle of a round of golf that we would never do at 　23　， where she is Mom and I am an annoying teenager.On the golf course， we’re just two people who 　24　 golf.
During the past years golfing has become a part of my　25　.My friends know in the summer the place to find me is on the golf course.There is 　26　 I love more than a perfect autumn morning， riding around in a golf cart （球車） with my dad.Golf has 　27　 me and made me into the person I am today.And I have to　28　 that all of it is thanks to my mom who made me join that middle-school golf team.In fact， she was right.
14.A.stopped　　　　　　　B.replied
C.recovered D.won
15.A.serious B.careful
C.anxious D.afraid
16.A.wasted B.spent
C.counted D.missed
17.A.father B.friend
C.sister D.classmate
18.A.funny B.unhappy
C.close D.poor
19.A.changed B.started
C.failed D.continued
20.A.Though B.When
C.Because D.Unless
21.A.difficult B.common
C.convenient D.important
22.A.talk about B.give up
C.look for D.take down
23.A.school B.home
C.work D.play
24.A.discover B.trust
C.love D.watch
25.A.way B.story
C.job D.life
26.A.nothing B.something
C.anything D.everything
27.A.saved B.shaped
C.protected D.persuaded
28.A.admit B.explain
C.consider D.prove
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Nobody knows when they might be faced with a serious emergency of almost any kind.Most of us take it for granted that 　29　 （accident） will happen and that we need to be ready for them.I guess we just assume that a professional 　30　 （get） there and take care of the problem.Few of us even think this far ahead.Actually， knowing first aid will make 　31　 difference between life and death.
The first thing 　32　 （teach） teenagers about first aid is that they should always call 911 when they are in a major emergency situation.This is the first step after they have taken a look at the situation and seen that there is a serious problem.　33　 they are alone and in a place far from good medical attention， they will need to know how to help their friends 　34　 （they）.
One of the things to emphasize with teenagers 　35　 （be） keeping their cool.Sometimes teenagers lose their cool easily in a tough situation.They often like to play tough and show their 　36　 （brave） but when it comes down to it they don’t always know 　37　 to do in a real emergency situation.Tell them that they will need to remain calm and think things through.Make sure that teenagers don’t leave without 　38　 （contact） adults.
29.　　　　　　30.　　　　　　31.　　　　
32.　　　 33.　　　 34.　　　
35.　　　 36.　　　 37.　　　
38.　　　
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.watching　2.driving　3.causing　4.Having been told
5.giving　6.dating　7.Knowing/Having known
8.Spending　9.surfing　10.hoping　11.following
12.calling　13.staying　14.being caught　15.being scolded
維度二
1.asking about my study and life
2.going over all the subjects carefully
3.With the world becoming a global village
4.Mastering English
5.linking all countries together nowadays
6.Knowing/Having known that you’re going to Beijing
維度三
1.taking　2.drinking　3.eating　4.dating　5.visiting
6.being asked
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。即將登上珠穆朗瑪峰的Daniel Mazur一行人遇到一名奄奄一息的登山者，他們會作出怎樣的選擇呢？
1.C　細節理解題。根據第二段可知，Daniel Mazur一行人已經攀登了7個小時，還差不到3個小時就能登上珠穆朗瑪峰。
2.D　細節理解題。根據第五段可知，當Daniel Mazur一行人發現那名奄奄一息的登山者時，他們已經離山頂不遠了。
3.B　詞義猜測題。根據第五段可知，Daniel Mazur一行人面臨兩種選擇：繼續前行或留下來救助那名登山者；根據下文可知，他們選擇了后者。
4.B　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，如果Lincoln Hall沒有被救，那么他將成為今年死在珠峰上的第12名登山者。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，每天從事一些快樂的“微行動”的人，在一周的時間里，情緒幸福感會增加25%左右。
5.B　細節理解題。根據第一、二段可知， 研究人員之所以非常興奮，是因為他們看到了“微行動”所帶來的各種積極影響。這些積極影響包括：更幸福、更好的應對能力、更少的壓力、對人際關系更高的滿意度等。
6.A　細節理解題。根據第三、四段可知，The BIG JOY Project這項研究是面向大眾的，任何人都可以參加；它是在網上進行的，而非實驗室和科研機構；另外，它所關注的不是身體狀況，而是情感狀況。
7.C　細節理解題。根據第四段中的Participants take an online survey to answer questions about their feelings， stress， and their social tendencies.和第六段中的judge how their emotions and sense of well-being have changed可知，被研究對象需要告知研究人員他們每天從事完“微行動”后的情感變化。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，作者認為，要想身體健康，我們就必須每天進行鍛煉；作者接著指出，要想獲得快樂，也是同樣的道理。也就是說，我們必須每天積極從事一些能給自己帶來快樂的事，而不是被動地等待快樂降臨。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。peer pressure指來自同齡人的壓力。這種壓力有時候是積極的，但更多的時候是消極的。
9.E　上句引出本文的話題——peer pressure，接下來應該是對它的進一步補充說明，因此E項符合語境。
10.F　上文指出一些孩子屈服于同齡人壓力的原因是渴望被接納、被喜歡，接下來應該說“另一些孩子”，因此F項符合語境。
11.D　上文指出有人站出來跟你一起說“不”很重要。D項進一步說明了這樣做的好處是更容易應對同齡人壓力。
12.G　下文指出在應對同齡人壓力時獲得朋友幫助的重要性，G項符合語境，是對這一建議的進一步解釋。
13.B　上文建議我們遠離消極朋友，B項符合語境，是對此建議的進一步具體說明。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者參加中學高爾夫球隊的經歷和感悟。
14.D　根據上文語境可知，作者的母親建議作者加入高爾夫球隊，下文說明作者加入了高爾夫球隊。由此推斷，母親最終取得了勝利。
15.C　根據下文中的almost every Sunday morning on the golf course可知，作者此時渴望加入高中的高爾夫球隊。
16.B　根據語境可知，作者花費時間學習高爾夫球。
17.A　根據下文too many afternoons with my mother和relationship with my parents可推斷，作者上午由父親陪同一起去高爾夫球場。
18.C　根據上文語境可知，作者經常和父母在一起，因此他與父母的關系應該非常親密。
19.D　根據上文可知，上了高中作者也想要繼續打高爾夫球，因此與父母的關系應該是一直在延續。
20.B　根據語境可知，此處為when引導的時間狀語從句。
21.D　根據上文looking out across miles of nothing but golf course， and looking up at the beautiful blue sky可推知，作者內心平靜，認識到生命中什么是重要的。
22.A　根據空后的many things in the middle of a round of golf可知，作者和媽媽應該是談論了很多事情。
23.B　根據語境可知，在高爾夫球場，作者和媽媽談論了很多他們在家里從不談論的話題。
24.C　根據上文語境可知，作者和媽媽經常談論高爾夫球的話題，因此兩人都愛上了高爾夫球。
25.D　根據下文My friends know in the summer the place to find me is on the golf course.可知，高爾夫球已經成為作者生活的一部分。
26.A　根據上下文語境可知，作者非常喜歡打高爾夫球。由此推斷，作者認為沒有什么事情可以超越他對于與父親一起乘坐高爾夫球車轉一轉的熱愛。
27.B　根據下文的made me into the person I am today可知，打高爾夫球塑造了作者。
28.A　根據下文的thanks to my mom可知，作者承認這是母親的功勞，多虧母親讓他參加了中學高爾夫球隊。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在我們的日常生活中，各種意外在所難免，因此，學會一些急救知識至關重要。
29.accidents　考查名詞復數。此處泛指“事故”，應用名詞的復數形式，故填accidents。
30.will get　考查動詞的時態。此處表示當事故發生時，我們假想專業人員將會到來，因此用一般將來時，故填will get。
31.a　考查冠詞。make a difference是固定短語，表示“產生差別；起作用；有影響”，故填a。
32.to teach　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用動詞不定式作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞thing，故填to teach。
33.If/When　考查狀語從句。此處從句表示一種假設的情形，因此應用If或When引導狀語從句。
34.themselves　考查代詞。此處表示在無法依靠專業人員的情況下他們要自己想辦法去幫助受害者，故填反身代詞themselves。
35.is　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。本句主語One of the things為單數，又因此處為客觀描述，應用一般現在時。故填is。
36.bravery　考查詞形轉換。根據空前的their可知，此處應用名詞，故填bravery。
37.what　考查固定句式。“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”是英語中的一個固定句式，what在該結構中作賓語，故填what。
38.contacting　考查非謂語動詞。根據空前的介詞without可知，此處應用動詞-ing形式，故填contacting。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
復習動詞-ing形式
1.It also helps control your body temperature， prevents your body from losing too much water ...
2.As you can imagine， getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
3.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.
4.Burns are divided into three types， depending on the depth of skin damage.
5.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks， burning clothes， or petrol fires.
6.The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and swelling.
【我的發現】
上面句子中，句1中的動詞-ing形式作　　；句2中的動詞-ing形式作　　　　；句3中的動詞-ing形式作　　　　；句4中的動詞-ing形式作　　　　；句5和句6中的動詞-ing形式作　　　　。
一、動詞-ing形式的基本情況
1.含義：動詞-ing形式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，由“動詞原形＋-ing”構成，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補足語和狀語等。
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.
在某些情況下，僅僅說聲謝謝似乎是不夠的。
2.動詞-ing形式的時態和語態
　　　語態 時態　　　 主動語態 被動語態
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
Having set a great example to us students， she fully deserves my respect.
她為我們學生樹立了一個好榜樣，完全值得我尊敬。
Having been warned by the teacher， the students didn’t make such mistakes any longer.
被老師警告之后，學生們不再犯這樣的錯誤了。
3.動詞-ing形式的否定式是在前面直接加not構成。
Not knowing his telephone number， I can’t get in touch with him.
不知道他的電話號碼，我無法與他聯系。
【即時演練1】　單句語法填空
① 　　　　　　　　（tell） many times， he still made the same silly mistake.
②　　　　　　 （live） in an information era， we have easy and convenient access to various English learning resources.
③She is very proud and can’t stand 　　　　　　　　（look） down upon.
④　　　　　　 （wait） in the rain for half an hour， the audience began to feel impatient.
二、動詞-ing形式的句法功能
1.作主語
（1）動詞-ing形式作主語常表示一般性的、習慣性的動作或狀態，動詞-ing形式有時態和語態的變化，且謂語動詞通常用單數形式。
Saying is easier than doing.
說比做容易。
Being blamed for the breakdown of the computer made me quite frustrated.
由于電腦壞掉而受到指責使我非常沮喪。
（2）動詞-ing形式作主語時，可位于句首和句末。位于句末時用it作形式主語，常見句型如下：
①It is＋adj.（good/funny/nice/difficult/worthwhile/interesting等）＋動詞-ing形式
②It is no use/no good/a waste of time ...＋動詞-ing形式
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。
It’s no good playing computer games too much.
玩太多電腦游戲沒好處。
It is worthwhile spending some time doing this job.
花點兒時間做這項工作是值得的。
（3）動詞-ing形式作主語時可以有自己的邏輯主語，“邏輯主語＋動詞-ing 形式”叫作動詞-ing形式的復合結構。動詞-ing形式作主語時，邏輯主語的常見形式有：
①邏輯主語有生命時：名詞所有格、形容詞性物主代詞；
②邏輯主語無生命時：名詞普通格；
③邏輯主語是數詞、指示代詞、不定代詞時：普通格。
His leaving is a great loss.
他的離開是一個巨大的損失。
Yesterday being Sunday postponed the match.
昨天是星期天，比賽推遲了。
【即時演練2】　單句語法填空
①It is no good 　　　　　　（say） such rude words to him.
②　　　　　　 （invite） to the party was a great honour to the family.
③It is no use 　　　　　　（waste） too much time on such things.
④From what’s mentioned above， 　　　　　（protect） oceans becomes urgent.
2.作賓語
動詞-ing形式既可作動詞賓語，又可作介詞賓語。
（1）動詞-ing形式作動詞賓語
Would you mind opening the window？
你介意打開窗子嗎？
I don’t like watching television but I enjoy listening to pop music.
我不喜歡看電視，但是喜歡聽流行音樂。
He narrowly avoided being killed in the accident.
在這次事故中他九死一生。
名師點津
常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞可用下面的口訣幫助記憶：
避免錯過少延期 （avoid、 miss、 postpone）
建議完成多練習 （advise/suggest、 finish、 practise）
喜歡想象禁不住 （enjoy、 imagine、 can’t help）
承認否定與嫉妒 （admit、 deny、 envy）
逃避冒險莫原諒 （escape、 risk、 excuse）
忍受保持不介意 （stand、 keep、 mind）
（2）動詞-ing形式作介詞賓語
By offering service， I will be able to improve my confidence in speaking English in public.
通過提供服務，我將能夠增強我在公共場合說英語的信心。
I am looking forward to being admitted to a key university.我盼望著被一所重點大學錄取。
名師點津
常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞短語
insist on （堅持）、 object to （反對）、 lead to （導致）、 put off （推遲）、 give up （放棄）、 look forward to （盼望）、 feel like （想要）、 devote ...to （致力于）、 get used to （習慣于）、 pay attention to （注意）等。
（3）有些動詞（短語）后跟動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作賓語均可，但含義不同，有這樣用法的動詞（短語）見下表：
動詞（短語） 賓語的形式 意義
forget to do 忘記做……
doing 忘記做過……
remember to do 記著要去做……
doing 記得做過……
regret to do 遺憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
try to do 盡力做……
doing 嘗試做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味著……
go on to do 接著做（另外一件事）
doing 接著做（同一件事）
stop to do 停下來去做……
doing 停止做……
I regret to have to do this， but I have no choice.
我很遺憾必須這樣去做，但我實在沒有選擇。
I don’t regret telling her what I thought.
我不后悔告訴了她我的想法。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①Governments need to consider 　　　　（make） policies and taking proper measures to protect our oceans.
②The key to 　　　　　　（solve） the problem is to meet the demand made by the customers.
③Giving up your plan means 　　　　　　（lose） a large amount of money.
3.作表語
動詞-ing形式作表語的兩種不同含義：
（1）表示主語的內容是什么；
（2）表示主語所具有的特征。
The real question is getting to know the needs of the people.
真正的問題是了解人民的需求。
I think that the problem is quite challenging.
我認為這個問題相當有挑戰性。
【即時演練4】　單句語法填空
①Going to hospital can be very 　　　　　　（frighten） for a child.
②Henry’s job is 　　　　　　（teach） physics in a local middle school.
③The technique is 　　　　　　（promise）， but there’s still work to do.
④My favourite hobby is 　　　　　　（share） videos on social media platforms.
⑤The trip is very 　　　　　　（excite）， and we have decided to have a similar one.
4.作定語
動詞-ing形式作定語時，與所修飾詞之間是主動關系。
（1）單個動詞-ing形式作定語一般放在所修飾名詞的前面，動詞-ing短語作定語放在所修飾名詞的后面。
Keep silent in order not to wake up the sleeping baby.
保持安靜，別驚醒這個睡覺的小孩。
In summer I often swim in the swimming pool.
夏天我經常在游泳池游泳。
（2）動詞-ing形式的一般式（doing）作定語，表示主動、正在進行的動作；動詞-ing形式一般式的被動語態（being done）作定語時，表示被動、正在進行的動作。
The man standing by the window is our teacher.
站在窗戶旁邊的那個人是我們的老師。
The bridge being repaired will be in use next month.
正在修繕的大橋將于下個月使用。
【即時演練5】　單句語法填空
①There are several factors 　　　　　　（contribute） to the outbreak of sandstorm.
②It’s better to have more people to serve students to reduce their 　　　　　　（wait） time.
③The boys 　　　　　　（gather） at the school gate are my classmates.
5.作賓語補足語
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語時，表示正在進行的動作或經常存在的狀態。
（1）表示感覺和心理狀態的動詞即“感官動詞（組）”， 常見的有see、 hear、 feel、 smell、 find、 notice、 observe、 look at、 listen to等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感覺有人站在我后面。
I saw the little boy crying there.
我看到那個小男孩正在那兒哭。
（2）表示“叫、讓、使”等指使意義的動詞，即“使役動詞”，常見的有have、 set、 keep、 get、 leave等。
We kept the fire burning all night long.
我們讓火整夜燃燒著。
I won’t have you running about in the room.
我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。
I won’t let you lie to others.
我不會讓你對別人撒謊。
Online shopping can get you to be addicted to it.
網上購物使你對其上癮。
名師點津
have/keep/get/leave sb/sth＋doing sth
使……一直做某事
have/let/make sb＋do sth＝get/cause sb to do sth 使/讓某人做某事
（3）with復合結構
With so many people looking at her，she felt nervous.
這么多人看著她，她感到緊張。
With my proposal declined， I was in low spirits.
由于我的提議被拒絕，我情緒很低落。
With so much work to do， he was nearly in despair.
有如此多的工作要做，他幾乎絕望了。
【即時演練6】　單句語法填空/句型轉換
①I felt someone 　　　　　　（pat） me on the shoulder.
②When he passed the swimming pool， he saw someone 　　　　　　（swim） in it.
③I heard Mary 　　　　　　（sing） a song in the next room last night.
④Besides， we can use all kinds of resources to make learning more 　　　　　　（interest）.
⑤As time passes by， more and more jobs will be replaced by machines and robots.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　， more and more jobs will be replaced by machines and robots.
6.作狀語
動詞-ing形式作狀語時，可以在句中充當讓步、時間、原因、條件、結果、方式、伴隨或補充說明等狀語，與句子的主語有邏輯上的主謂關系（是主動的），有時可以轉化成相應的狀語從句。
Having figured out what had happened， we rushed downstairs.（時間狀語）
＝After we had figured out what had happened， we rushed downstairs.
弄清楚發生了什么事后，我們沖下樓去。
Not arriving on time， he was punished.（原因狀語）
＝Because he didn’t arrive on time， he was punished.
因為沒有按時到達，他受到了懲罰。
Working hard， you will succeed.（條件狀語）
＝If you work hard， you will succeed.
＝Work hard， and you will succeed.
努力工作，你就會成功。
Having failed many times， he didn’t lose heart.（讓步狀語）
＝Though he had failed many times， he still didn’t lose heart.
盡管失敗了許多次，他仍然沒有失去信心。
名師點津
高中階段有一些固定的動詞-ing形式（短語），如generally speaking （一般來說）、 judging from ...（根據……來判斷）、 considering ...（考慮到……）、 talking of ...（談到……）、 supposing ...（假如……）等，它們的邏輯主語和句子的主語不一致。這類詞或短語可以被稱為句子的狀語，也可當作一個插入語。
Judging from his accent， he must come from Canada.
從他的口音判斷，他一定來自加拿大。
Considering how poor he was， we decided to let him attend the concert for free.
考慮到他那么窮，我們決定讓他免費參加音樂會。
【即時演練7】　句型轉換
①When he heard the news， he couldn’t help laughing.
→　　　　　　　　　， he couldn’t help laughing.
②The child slipped and fell， hitting his head against the door.
→The child slipped and fell， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③Having been told many times， he still didn’t learn these rules by heart.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he still didn’t learn these rules by heart.
④Morris lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.
→Morris lay on the grass， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走n.滑倒；小錯誤；紙條
【教材原句】　When he got out of the bathtub， he slipped and fell on the floor.
當他從浴缸里出來時，他滑倒在地板上。
【用法】
slip into ...　 　　　悄悄溜進……；陷入……
slip out of ... 悄悄溜出……
slip one’s mind/memory ……被忘記
【佳句】　I guess my wallet must have slipped out of my pocket during the flight.
我想我的錢包一定是在飛機上從口袋里滑出來了。
【寫美】　完成句子
①I feel sorry to know your grades 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
得知你的成績一直下滑，我感到很遺憾。
②It was while his father was sleeping that the boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
就是在他爸爸睡覺的時候，小男孩溜出了他的房間。
delay vi.& vt.推遲；延期（做某事） vt.耽誤；耽擱n.延誤；耽擱（的時間）；推遲
【教材原句】　After arriving， the ambulance team quickly found Mrs Taylor and without delay gave her oxygen， put in an IV needle， and checked her vital signs.
救援隊到達之后，很快就發現了泰勒女士，然后立刻給她輸氧進行靜脈注射并檢查她的生命體征。
【用法】
（1）delay doing sth　　　推遲做某事
without delay 毫不延遲地，立即
（2）delayed adj. 延時的，定時的
【佳句】　Worse still， there was a seven-day delay in delivering my clothes， which should have been received on 10 May. （投訴信）
更糟糕的是，我的衣服本應在5月10日收到，卻延誤了7天。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①As the old saying goes，“Never delay 　　　　（do） something you should finish today.”
【寫美】　完成句子
②So worried was I that I took her to the nearest hospital 　　　　　　　　　.
我非常擔心，毫不遲疑地把她送到了最近的醫院。
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
　賓語　主語　表語　狀語　定語
即時演練1
①Having been told　②Living　③being looked　④Having waited
即時演練2
①saying　②Being invited　③wasting　④protecting
即時演練3
①making　②solving　③losing
即時演練4
①frightening　②teaching/to teach　③promising
④sharing　⑤exciting
即時演練5
①contributing　②waiting　③gathering
即時演練6
①patting　②swimming　③singing　④interesting
⑤With time passing by
即時演練7
①Hearing the news　②and hit his head against the door　③Although he had been told many times　④staring at the sky for a long time
【知識要點·須拾遺】
1.①have been slipping down　②slipped out of his room
2.①doing　②without delay
8 / 8(共104張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
知識要點·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
復習動詞-ing形式
1. It also helps control your body temperature， prevents your body from
losing too much water ...
2. As you can imagine， getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.
3. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first
aid.
4. Burns are divided into three types， depending on the depth of skin
damage.
5. Examples include burns caused by electric shocks， burning clothes，
or petrol fires.
6. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and
swelling.
【我的發現】
上面句子中，句1中的動詞-ing形式作 ；句2中的動詞-ing
形式作 ；句3中的動詞-ing形式作 ；句4中的動詞-
ing形式作 ；句5和句6中的動詞-ing形式作 。
賓語　
主語　
表語　
狀語　
定語　
一、動詞-ing形式的基本情況
1. 含義：動詞-ing形式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，由“動詞原形＋-
ing”構成，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語、賓語補足語和
狀語等。
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.
在某些情況下，僅僅說聲謝謝似乎是不夠的。
2. 動詞-ing形式的時態和語態
語態 時態　　　 主動語態 被動語態
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
她為我們學生樹立了一個好榜樣，完全值得我尊敬。
Having been warned by the teacher， the students didn’t make such
mistakes any longer.
被老師警告之后，學生們不再犯這樣的錯誤了。
Having set a great example to us students， she fully deserves my
respect.
3. 動詞-ing形式的否定式是在前面直接加not構成。
Not knowing his telephone number， I can’t get in touch with him.
不知道他的電話號碼，我無法與他聯系。
【即時演練1】　單句語法填空
① （tell） many times， he still made the same
silly mistake.
② （live） in an information era， we have easy and
convenient access to various English learning resources.
③She is very proud and can’t stand （look） down
upon.
④ （wait） in the rain for half an hour， the audience
began to feel impatient.
Having been told　
Living　
being looked　
Having waited　
二、動詞-ing形式的句法功能
1. 作主語
（1）動詞-ing形式作主語常表示一般性的、習慣性的動作或狀
態，動詞-ing形式有時態和語態的變化，且謂語動詞通常
用單數形式。
Saying is easier than doing.
說比做容易。
Being blamed for the breakdown of the computer made me
quite frustrated.
由于電腦壞掉而受到指責使我非常沮喪。
（2）動詞-ing形式作主語時，可位于句首和句末。位于句末時用it
作形式主語，常見句型如下：
①It is＋adj.（good/funny/nice/difficult/worthwhile/interesting
等）＋動詞-ing形式
②It is no use/no good/a waste of time ...＋動詞-ing形式
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。
It’s no good playing computer games too much.
玩太多電腦游戲沒好處。
It is worthwhile spending some time doing this job.
花點兒時間做這項工作是值得的。
（3）動詞-ing形式作主語時可以有自己的邏輯主語，“邏輯主語＋動
詞-ing 形式”叫作動詞-ing形式的復合結構。動詞-ing形式作主
語時，邏輯主語的常見形式有：
①邏輯主語有生命時：名詞所有格、形容詞性物主代詞；
②邏輯主語無生命時：名詞普通格；
③邏輯主語是數詞、指示代詞、不定代詞時：普通格。
His leaving is a great loss.
他的離開是一個巨大的損失。
Yesterday being Sunday postponed the match.
昨天是星期天，比賽推遲了。
【即時演練2】　單句語法填空
①It is no good （say） such rude words to him.
② （invite） to the party was a great honour to the
family.
③It is no use （waste） too much time on such things.
④From what’s mentioned above， （protect） oceans
becomes urgent.
saying　
Being invited　
wasting　
protecting　
2. 作賓語
動詞-ing形式既可作動詞賓語，又可作介詞賓語。
（1）動詞-ing形式作動詞賓語
Would you mind opening the window？
你介意打開窗子嗎？
I don’t like watching television but I enjoy listening to pop
music.
我不喜歡看電視，但是喜歡聽流行音樂。
He narrowly avoided being killed in the accident.
在這次事故中他九死一生。
名師點津
常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞可用下面的口訣幫助記憶：
避免錯過少延期 （avoid、 miss、 postpone）
建議完成多練習 （advise/suggest、 finish、 practise）
喜歡想象禁不住 （enjoy、 imagine、 can’t help）
承認否定與嫉妒 （admit、 deny、 envy）
逃避冒險莫原諒 （escape、 risk、 excuse）
忍受保持不介意 （stand、 keep、 mind）
（2）動詞-ing形式作介詞賓語
By offering service， I will be able to improve my confidence in
speaking English in public.
通過提供服務，我將能夠增強我在公共場合說英語的信心。
I am looking forward to being admitted to a key university.
我盼望著被一所重點大學錄取。
名師點津
常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞短語
insist on （堅持）、 object to （反對）、 lead to （導致）、 put off
（推遲）、 give up （放棄）、 look forward to （盼望）、 feel like
（想要）、 devote ...to （致力于）、 get used to （習慣于）、 pay
attention to （注意）等。
（3）有些動詞（短語）后跟動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作賓語均可，
但含義不同，有這樣用法的動詞（短語）見下表：
動詞（短語） 賓語的形式 意義
forget to do 忘記做……
doing 忘記做過……
remember to do 記著要去做……
doing 記得做過……
regret to do 遺憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
動詞（短語） 賓語的形式 意義
try to do 盡力做……
doing 嘗試做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味著……
go on to do 接著做（另外一件事）
doing 接著做（同一件事）
stop to do 停下來去做……
doing 停止做……
I regret to have to do this， but I have no choice.
我很遺憾必須這樣去做，但我實在沒有選擇。
I don’t regret telling her what I thought.
我不后悔告訴了她我的想法。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①Governments need to consider （make） policies and
taking proper measures to protect our oceans.
②The key to （solve） the problem is to meet the demand
made by the customers.
③Giving up your plan means （lose） a large amount of
money.
making　
solving　
losing　
3. 作表語
動詞-ing形式作表語的兩種不同含義：
（1）表示主語的內容是什么；
（2）表示主語所具有的特征。
The real question is getting to know the needs of the people.
真正的問題是了解人民的需求。
I think that the problem is quite challenging.
我認為這個問題相當有挑戰性。
【即時演練4】　單句語法填空
①Going to hospital can be very （frighten） for a child.
②Henry’s job is （teach） physics in a local
middle school.
③The technique is （promise）， but there’s still work
to do.
④My favourite hobby is （share） videos on social media
platforms.
⑤The trip is very （excite）， and we have decided to have
a similar one.
frightening　
teaching/to teach　
promising　
sharing　
exciting　
4. 作定語
動詞-ing形式作定語時，與所修飾詞之間是主動關系。
（1）單個動詞-ing形式作定語一般放在所修飾名詞的前面，動詞-
ing短語作定語放在所修飾名詞的后面。
Keep silent in order not to wake up the sleeping baby.
保持安靜，別驚醒這個睡覺的小孩。
In summer I often swim in the swimming pool.
夏天我經常在游泳池游泳。
（2）動詞-ing形式的一般式（doing）作定語，表示主動、正在進
行的動作；動詞-ing形式一般式的被動語態（being done）作
定語時，表示被動、正在進行的動作。
The man standing by the window is our teacher.
站在窗戶旁邊的那個人是我們的老師。
The bridge being repaired will be in use next month.
正在修繕的大橋將于下個月使用。
【即時演練5】　單句語法填空
①There are several factors （contribute） to the
outbreak of sandstorm.
②It’s better to have more people to serve students to reduce
their （wait） time.
③The boys （gather） at the school gate are my
classmates.
contributing　
waiting　
gathering　
5. 作賓語補足語
動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語時，表示正在進行的動作或經常存在的
狀態。
（1）表示感覺和心理狀態的動詞即“感官動詞（組）”， 常見的
有see、 hear、 feel、 smell、 find、 notice、 observe、 look
at、 listen to等。
I felt somebody standing behind me.
我感覺有人站在我后面。
I saw the little boy crying there.
我看到那個小男孩正在那兒哭。
（2）表示“叫、讓、使”等指使意義的動詞，即“使役動詞”，
常見的有have、 set、 keep、 get、 leave等。
We kept the fire burning all night long.
我們讓火整夜燃燒著。
I won’t have you running about in the room.
我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。
I won’t let you lie to others.
我不會讓你對別人撒謊。
Online shopping can get you to be addicted to it.
網上購物使你對其上癮。
名師點津
have/keep/get/leave sb/sth＋doing sth
使……一直做某事
have/let/make sb＋do sth＝get/cause sb to do sth 使/讓某人做某事
（3）with復合結構
With so many people looking at her，she felt nervous.
這么多人看著她，她感到緊張。
With my proposal declined， I was in low spirits.
由于我的提議被拒絕，我情緒很低落。
With so much work to do， he was nearly in despair.
有如此多的工作要做，他幾乎絕望了。
【即時演練6】　單句語法填空/句型轉換
①I felt someone （pat） me on the shoulder.
②When he passed the swimming pool， he saw someone
（swim） in it.
③I heard Mary （sing） a song in the next room last night.
④Besides， we can use all kinds of resources to make learning
more （interest）.
⑤As time passes by， more and more jobs will be replaced by machines
and robots.
→ ， more and more jobs will be replaced by
machines and robots.
patting　
swimming　
singing　
interesting　
With time passing by　
6. 作狀語
動詞-ing形式作狀語時，可以在句中充當讓步、時間、原因、條
件、結果、方式、伴隨或補充說明等狀語，與句子的主語有邏輯上
的主謂關系（是主動的），有時可以轉化成相應的狀語從句。
Having figured out what had happened， we rushed downstairs.（時
間狀語）
＝After we had figured out what had happened， we rushed
downstairs.
弄清楚發生了什么事后，我們沖下樓去。
Not arriving on time， he was punished.（原因狀語）
＝Because he didn’t arrive on time， he was punished.
因為沒有按時到達，他受到了懲罰。
Working hard， you will succeed.（條件狀語）
＝If you work hard， you will succeed.
＝Work hard， and you will succeed.
努力工作，你就會成功。
Having failed many times， he didn’t lose heart.（讓步狀語）
＝Though he had failed many times， he still didn’t lose heart.
盡管失敗了許多次，他仍然沒有失去信心。
名師點津
高中階段有一些固定的動詞-ing形式（短語），如generally speaking
（一般來說）、 judging from ...（根據……來判斷）、
considering ...（考慮到……）、 talking of ...（談到……）、
supposing ...（假如……）等，它們的邏輯主語和句子的主語不一
致。這類詞或短語可以被稱為句子的狀語，也可當作一個插入語。
Judging from his accent， he must come from Canada.
從他的口音判斷，他一定來自加拿大。
Considering how poor he was， we decided to let him attend the concert
for free.
考慮到他那么窮，我們決定讓他免費參加音樂會。
【即時演練7】　句型轉換
①When he heard the news， he couldn’t help laughing.
→ ， he couldn’t help laughing.
②The child slipped and fell， hitting his head against the door.
→The child slipped and fell， .
③Having been told many times， he still didn’t learn these rules by
heart.
→ ， he still didn’t learn these
rules by heart.
Hearing the news　
and hit his head against the door　
Although he had been told many times　
④Morris lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.
→Morris lay on the grass， .
staring at the sky for a long time　
知識要點·須拾遺
關注高頻詞匯
2
slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走n.滑倒；小錯誤；紙條
【教材原句】　When he got out of the bathtub， he slipped and fell on
the floor.
當他從浴缸里出來時，他滑倒在地板上。
slip into ...　　　　　悄悄溜進……；陷入……
slip out of ...　　悄悄溜出……
slip one’s mind/memory 　　……被忘記
【用法】
【佳句】　I guess my wallet must have slipped out of my pocket during
the flight.
我想我的錢包一定是在飛機上從口袋里滑出來了。
【寫美】　完成句子
①I feel sorry to know your grades .
得知你的成績一直下滑，我感到很遺憾。
②It was while his father was sleeping that the boy
.
就是在他爸爸睡覺的時候，小男孩溜出了他的房間。
have been slipping down　
slipped out of his
room　
delay vi.& vt.推遲；延期（做某事） vt.耽誤；耽擱n.延誤；耽擱
（的時間）；推遲
【教材原句】　After arriving， the ambulance team quickly found Mrs
Taylor and without delay gave her oxygen， put in an IV needle， and
checked her vital signs.
救援隊到達之后，很快就發現了泰勒女士，然后立刻給她輸氧進行靜
脈注射并檢查她的生命體征。
（1）delay doing sth　　　推遲做某事
without delay　　毫不延遲地，立即
（2）delayed adj.　　延時的，定時的
【用法】
【佳句】　Worse still， there was a seven-day delay in delivering my
clothes， which should have been received on 10 May.　 （投訴信）
更糟糕的是，我的衣服本應在5月10日收到，卻延誤了7天。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①As the old saying goes，“Never delay （do） something
you should finish today.”
doing　
【寫美】　完成句子
②So worried was I that I took her to the nearest hospital
.
我非常擔心，毫不遲疑地把她送到了最近的醫院。
without
delay　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
維度一：基礎題型練
1. That night， there were millions of people （watch）
the opening ceremony live on TV.
2. The traffic police observed him （drive） at 90 miles per
hour at that time yesterday.
3. The earthquake hit the area several days ago， （cause）
many deaths.
watching　
driving　
causing　
4. （tell） many times how to do it， he still
couldn’t understand， so I had to do it myself.
5. I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and
（give） lessons to the lovely children.
6. Standing on the top of the mountain is an ancient tower
（date） back to two hundred years ago.
7. （know） that you have trouble in
choosing reference books， I am writing to give you some suggestions.
Having been told　
giving　
dating　
Knowing/Having known　
8. （spend） a few hours with our parents or grandparents
helps develop a strong family bond.
9. Our teacher advises us not to spend too much time （surf）
the Internet.
10. I would like to recommend Chinese medicine to you，
（hope） it is of great help to you.
11. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet
dog （follow） them.
Spending　
surfing　
hoping　
following　
12. I saw a poster （call） on students to join in the “Earth
Day” activity on our campus.
13. What worries me most is her （stay） up too late every
night.
14. The flying bird is lucky enough to escape （catch）
by the hidden nets the farmers spread over the fields.
15. The boy （scold） by the teacher lowered his
head， tears of sadness streaming down his cheeks.
calling　
staying　
being caught　
being scolded　
維度二：語法與寫作
1. As for your last letter ， I’d like to
share with you how I’m getting along.
關于你上封信問及我的學習和生活（問題），我想和你分享一下我
的情況。
2. I spent a whole year until I
thought I was fully prepared.
我花了整整一年的時間仔細復習了所有科目，直到我認為我已經完
全準備好了。
asking about my study and life　
going over all the subjects carefully　
3. ，English is becoming
more and more important.
隨著世界變成地球村，英語變得越來越重要。
4. means that we can see the world through a new
window.
掌握英語意味著我們可以通過一個新的窗口看世界。
5. As an international language，English acts as a bridge
.
當今，英語作為一門國際語言，是連接各國的橋梁。
With the world becoming a global village　
Mastering English　
linking all
countries together nowadays　
6. ， I’m
more than pleased to give you some advice.
得知你將去北京，我很高興給你一些建議。
Knowing/Having known that you’re going to Beijing　
維度三：語法與語篇
　　The British have many traditions but there is nothing more typical
than 1. （take） afternoon tea.We know the British have a
love affair with 2. （drink） tea， with more than 160
million cups drunk every day， but it was the invention of afternoon tea
that turned tea-drinking into a popular pastime.
taking　
drinking　
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea comfortably
while 3. （eat） nice sandwiches， scones with jam and cream
and a selection of small cakes.And， of course， it can only happen in the
afternoon！Afternoon tea， 4. （date） back to the 1840s，
was designed as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and
dinner.It went on to become a fashionable social occasion for the upper
classes.
eating　
dating　
Now there is a resurgence （復蘇） in its popularity in the UK and it
is available to anyone who can afford it.Though it can be enjoyed at
home， the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or café.But if
you’re thinking of 5. （visit） such a place to enjoy a plate
of sweet and tasty treats with a steaming hot brew， remember the rules
you must follow to avoid 6. （ask） to leave.
visiting　
being asked　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·臨沂高二上學期期末考試）Near Mount Everest’s peak，
the climbers faced a choice： head for the summit， like others had
done， or stop to save the injured man.
Daniel Mazur had spent seven hours climbing up the mountain
through ice and snow， and now he sensed that success was near.He and
his companions were less than three hours away from the spectacular 29，
035-foot summit.
As the men looked out on the snow-covered peaks below， Mazur
suddenly saw a flash of bright yellow to his left.On the edge of a cliff was
a man sitting cross-legged.Without an oxygen mask， sleeping bag， food
or water， there was no reason for him to be alive at 28，000 feet， and
he seemed to know it.He looked up at Mazur.
Almost any experienced climber who’s been to Mount Everest
knows somebody who didn’t make it back.“There are times when you
literally have to step over somebody’s body to get to the top，” says
Mazur.
Near the peak on that clear May morning — a mountaineer’s
dream， Mazur describes — he and his team members quietly realised they
had a choice to make： Should they phone in the man’s situation to his
group and continue on？ Or stay with him， until help arrived？
In the end， Mazur knew， there was only one possible decision to
be made.“Luckily，” he says， “everyone made the right one.”
They got the man away from the cliff’s edge and helped him back
into his snowsuit.With the injured climber secured， Mazur radioed down
to high base camp.It was almost noon when a dozen Sherpas finally
arrived to help take the man down the mountain.
The man’s name is Lincoln Hall.Hall knows he’s a lucky man，
that he could very well have become the 12th person to die on Everest this
year — the deadliest season since the 1996 tragedy.Although his rescue is
incredible， it has sparked a debate about climbers who leave behind the
sick and injured in pursuit of Everest’s grand prize.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。即將登上珠穆朗瑪峰的Daniel Mazur
一行人遇到一名奄奄一息的登山者，他們會作出怎樣的選擇呢？
本文是一篇記敘文。即將登上珠穆朗瑪峰的Daniel Mazur
一行人遇到一名奄奄一息的登山者，他們會作出怎樣的選擇呢？
1. How long would it take Daniel Mazur to reach Everest’s peak？
A. Three hours. B. Seven hours.
C. Ten hours. D. Thirteen hours.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段可知，Daniel Mazur一行人已
經攀登了7個小時，還差不到3個小時就能登上珠穆朗瑪峰。
2. Daniel Mazur found the man 　　　　.
A. at the very halfway point
B. on the top of the mountain
C. when he was climbing down
D. when he nearly reached the top
解析：　細節理解題。根據第五段可知，當Daniel Mazur一行人
發現那名奄奄一息的登山者時，他們已經離山頂不遠了。
3. What does the underlined part “the right one” in Paragraph 6 refer
to？
A. To make a phone call.
B. To help save the man.
C. To realise their dream.
D. To continue the journey.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第五段可知，Daniel Mazur一行人面
臨兩種選擇：繼續前行或留下來救助那名登山者；根據下文可知，
他們選擇了后者。
4. What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A. 12 people died on Everest in 1996.
B. 11 people died on Everest this year.
C. The public doubt Lincoln Hall’s story.
D. Rescue stories are common on Everest.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，如果Lincoln Hall沒有
被救，那么他將成為今年死在珠峰上的第12名登山者。
B
　　（2024·邯鄲十校高二下學期聯考）How might a small act of
kindness influence your mood later today， tonight or throughout this
week？ An analysis released Tuesday from scientists behind a research
initiative called the BIG JOY Project finds that people who commit daily
“micro-acts” of joy experience about a 25% increase in emotional well-
being over the course of a week.
　　“We’re really excited，” says Emiliana Simon-Thomas， a BIG
JOY Project leader. “There are statistically significant， measurable
changes （including） greater well-being， better coping， less stress，
more satisfaction with relationships.”
　　The BIG JOY Project is a collaboration between UC Berkeley’s
Greater Good Science Center and other research institutions. So far the
researchers have preliminary results from over 70，000 participants in
more than 200 countries. Overall， the new analysis shows micro-acts led
to increased feelings of hope， optimism， as well as moments of fun or
silliness.
　　This project did not begin as a typical research study， but rather a
“citizen-science” project which is still open to anyone who wants to
participate. Here’s how it works. Participants take an online survey to
answer questions about their feelings， stress， and their social
tendencies. Then， every day for seven consecutive days， they agree to
try small， happiness-boosting activities.
　　The recommended micro-acts include making a gratitude list or
journal， or engaging in acts of kindness such as visiting a sick neighbour
or doing a nice gesture for a friend — or a stranger. Some micro-acts
involve celebrating another person’s joy， or engaging in self-
reflection， or taking the time to identify the silver lining in a bad
situation.
　　Each day， people answer questions about what they did and how
they felt afterwards. At the end of the week， they take another survey to
judge how their emotions and sense of well-being have changed.
　　“Rather than thinking of joy as something that happens to you， it
may make sense to think of it as a skill that you can get better at through
practice，” says Simon-Thomas. “If you want to stay physically fit，
you have to keep exercising，” Simon-Thomas says， “and the same
likely goes for well-being.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，每天從事一些快樂
的“微行動”的人，在一周的時間里，情緒幸福感會增加25%左右。
本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，每天從事一些快樂
的“微行動”的人，在一周的時間里，情緒幸福感會增加25%左右。
5. Why were the researchers very excited？
A. They made a new scientific discovery.
B. They saw positive effects of micro-acts.
C. The Big Joy Project had been successful.
D. People participated in the project actively.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一、二段可知， 研究人員之所以非
常興奮，是因為他們看到了“微行動”所帶來的各種積極影響。這
些積極影響包括：更幸福、更好的應對能力、更少的壓力、對人際
關系更高的滿意度等。
6. What can we learn about the BIG JOY Project？
A. It opens to the general public.
B. It’s based on scientific theories.
C. It focuses on people’s physical health.
D. It’s carried out in research institutions.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三、四段可知，The BIG JOY
Project這項研究是面向大眾的，任何人都可以參加；它是在網上進
行的，而非實驗室和科研機構；另外，它所關注的不是身體狀況，
而是情感狀況。
7. What are the participants required to do in the project？
A. Record their daily activities.
B. Research their mental states.
C. Report their emotional changes.
D. Engage in some volunteer work.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第四段中的Participants take an online
survey to answer questions about their feelings， stress， and their
social tendencies.和第六段中的judge how their emotions and sense of
well-being have changed可知，被研究對象需要告知研究人員他們每
天從事完“微行動”后的情感變化。
8. What does Simon-Thomas advise us to do in the last paragraph？
A. Change our lives for the better.
B. Accept whatever happens to us.
C. Take exercise on a regular basis.
D. Take action to create joy actively.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，作者認為，要想身體
健康，我們就必須每天進行鍛煉；作者接著指出，要想獲得快樂，
也是同樣的道理。也就是說，我們必須每天積極從事一些能給自己
帶來快樂的事，而不是被動地等待快樂降臨。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·六盤水高二下學期質檢）People who are your age， like
your classmates， are called peers （同齡人）. When they try to
influence how you act， to get you to do something， it’s called peer
pressure. 　9　
　　Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked， to
fit in， or because they worry that other kids might make fun of them if
they don’t go along with the group. 　10　 The idea that “everyone’s
doing it” can influence some kids to leave their better judgment， or their
common sense， behind.
　　It is tough to be the only one who says “no” to peer pressure， but
you can do it. Paying attention to your own feelings and beliefs about what
is right and wrong can help you know the right thing to do.
　　It can really help to have at least one other peer， or friend， who is
willing to say “no”， too. 　11　 It’s great to have friends with
values similar to yours who will support you.
　　Your parents may advise you to “choose your friends wisely”. Peer
pressure is a big reason why they say this. If you choose friends who
don’t use drugs， cut class， smoke cigarettes， or lie to their parents，
then you probably won’t do these things either， even if other kids
do. 　12　 It can be powerful for one kid to join another by simply
saying， “I’m with you — let’s go.”
　　Even if you’re faced with peer pressure while you’re alone， there
are still things you can do. You can simply stay away from peers who
pressure you to do stuff you know is wrong. 　13　 Better yet， find
other friends and classmates to pal around with.
A. Just believe in yourself.
B. You can tell them “no” and walk away.
C. Peer pressure is not always a bad thing.
D. This makes it much easier to resist peer pressure.
E. It’s something everyone has to deal with — even adults.
F. Others go along because they are curious to try something new.
G. Try to help a friend who is having trouble resisting peer pressure.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。peer pressure指來自同齡人的壓力。
這種壓力有時候是積極的，但更多的時候是消極的。
9. E　上句引出本文的話題——peer pressure，接下來應該是對它的進
一步補充說明，因此E項符合語境。
10. F　上文指出一些孩子屈服于同齡人壓力的原因是渴望被接納、被
喜歡，接下來應該說“另一些孩子”，因此F項符合語境。
11. D　上文指出有人站出來跟你一起說“不”很重要。D項進一步說
明了這樣做的好處是更容易應對同齡人壓力。
本文是一篇說明文。peer pressure指來自同齡人的壓力。
這種壓力有時候是積極的，但更多的時候是消極的。
12. G　下文指出在應對同齡人壓力時獲得朋友幫助的重要性，G項符
合語境，是對這一建議的進一步解釋。
13. B　上文建議我們遠離消極朋友，B項符合語境，是對此建議的進
一步具體說明。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·無錫高二上學期期末考試）In the seventh grade when my
mother suggested that I should join the golf team， I thought she had lost
her mind.But as usual， my mother 　14　 in the end.I played on the
middle-school golf team in the seventh and eighth grade.The summer
before high school came， I was 　15　 to join the high school team.
　　That summer I 　16　 almost every Sunday morning on the golf
course with my 　17　， and too many afternoons with my
mother.This 　18　 relationship with my parents 　19　 during my high
school years. 　20　 you’re walking down the freshly mowed fairway
（修剪的平坦球道）， looking out across miles of nothing but golf
course， and looking up at the beautiful blue sky， you will realise what
is 　21　 in life.My mom and I 　22　 many things in the middle of a
round of golf that we would never do at 　23　， where she is Mom and I
am an annoying teenager.On the golf course， we’re just two people
who 　24　 golf.
During the past years golfing has become a part of my 　25　.My
friends know in the summer the place to find me is on the golf
course.There is 　26　 I love more than a perfect autumn morning，
riding around in a golf cart （球車） with my dad.Golf has 　27　 me
and made me into the person I am today.And I have to 　28　 that all of it
is thanks to my mom who made me join that middle-school golf team.In
fact， she was right.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者參加中學高爾夫球
隊的經歷和感悟。
本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者參加中學高爾夫球
隊的經歷和感悟。
14. A. stopped B. replied
C. recovered D. won
解析：　根據上文語境可知，作者的母親建議作者加入高爾夫
球隊，下文說明作者加入了高爾夫球隊。由此推斷，母親最終取
得了勝利。
15. A. serious B. careful
C. anxious D. afraid
解析：　根據下文中的almost every Sunday morning on the golf
course可知，作者此時渴望加入高中的高爾夫球隊。
16. A. wasted B. spent
C. counted D. missed
解析：　根據語境可知，作者花費時間學習高爾夫球。
17. A. father B. friend
C. sister D. classmate
解析：　根據下文too many afternoons with my mother和
relationship with my parents可推斷，作者上午由父親陪同一起去高
爾夫球場。
18. A. funny B. unhappy
C. close D. poor
解析：　根據上文語境可知，作者經常和父母在一起，因此他
與父母的關系應該非常親密。
19. A. changed B. started
C. failed D. continued
解析：　根據上文可知，上了高中作者也想要繼續打高爾夫
球，因此與父母的關系應該是一直在延續。
20. A. Though B. When
C. Because D. Unless
解析：　根據語境可知，此處為when引導的時間狀語從句。
21. A. difficult B. common
C. convenient D. important
解析：　根據上文looking out across miles of nothing but golf
course， and looking up at the beautiful blue sky可推知，作者內心
平靜，認識到生命中什么是重要的。
22. A. talk about B. give up
C. look for D. take down
解析：　根據空后的many things in the middle of a round of golf可
知，作者和媽媽應該是談論了很多事情。
23. A. school B. home C. work D. play
解析：　根據語境可知，在高爾夫球場，作者和媽媽談論了很
多他們在家里從不談論的話題。
24. A. discover B. trust
C. love D. watch
解析：　根據上文語境可知，作者和媽媽經常談論高爾夫球的
話題，因此兩人都愛上了高爾夫球。
25. A. way B. story C. job D. life
解析：　根據下文My friends know in the summer the place
to find me is on the golf course.可知，高爾夫球已經成為作者
生活的一部分。
26. A. nothing B. something
C. anything D. everything
解析：　根據上下文語境可知，作者非常喜歡打高爾夫球。由
此推斷，作者認為沒有什么事情可以超越他對于與父親一起乘坐
高爾夫球車轉一轉的熱愛。
27. A. saved B. shaped
C. protected D. persuaded
解析：　根據下文的made me into the person I am today可知，打
高爾夫球塑造了作者。
28. A. admit B. explain
C. consider D. prove
解析：　根據下文的thanks to my mom可知，作者承認這是母親
的功勞，多虧母親讓他參加了中學高爾夫球隊。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Nobody knows when they might be faced with a serious emergency of
almost any kind.Most of us take it for granted that 　29　 （accident）
will happen and that we need to be ready for them.I guess we just assume
that a professional 　30　 （get） there and take care of the problem.Few
of us even think this far ahead.Actually， knowing first aid will
make 　31　 difference between life and death.
The first thing 　32　 （teach） teenagers about first aid is that they
should always call 911 when they are in a major emergency situation.This
is the first step after they have taken a look at the situation and seen that
there is a serious problem. 　33　 they are alone and in a place far from
good medical attention， they will need to know how to help their
friends 　34　 （they）.
One of the things to emphasize with teenagers 　35　 （be） keeping
their cool.Sometimes teenagers lose their cool easily in a tough
situation.They often like to play tough and show their 　36　 （brave）
but when it comes down to it they don’t always know 　37　 to do in a
real emergency situation.Tell them that they will need to remain calm and
think things through.Make sure that teenagers don’t leave
without 　38　 （contact） adults.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在我們的日常生活中，各種意外在
所難免，因此，學會一些急救知識至關重要。
本文是一篇說明文。在我們的日常生活中，各種意外在
所難免，因此，學會一些急救知識至關重要。
29. accidents　考查名詞復數。此處泛指“事故”，應用名詞的復數
形式，故填accidents。
30. will get　考查動詞的時態。此處表示當事故發生時，我們假想專
業人員將會到來，因此用一般將來時，故填will get。
31. a　考查冠詞。make a difference是固定短語，表示“產生差別；起
作用；有影響”，故填a。
32. to teach　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用動詞不
定式作后置定語，修飾前面的名詞thing，故填to teach。
33. If/When　考查狀語從句。此處從句表示一種假設的情形，因此應
用If或When引導狀語從句。
34. themselves　考查代詞。此處表示在無法依靠專業人員的情況下他
們要自己想辦法去幫助受害者，故填反身代詞themselves。
35. is　考查動詞的時態和主謂一致。本句主語One of the things為單
數，又因此處為客觀描述，應用一般現在時。故填is。
36. bravery　考查詞形轉換。根據空前的their可知，此處應用名詞，
故填bravery。
37. what　考查固定句式。“疑問詞＋動詞不定式”是英語中的一個
固定句式，what在該結構中作賓語，故填what。
38. contacting　考查非謂語動詞。根據空前的介詞without可知，此處
應用動詞-ing形式，故填contacting。
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