資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
維度一：基礎(chǔ)題型練
1.When they got there， the famous singer 　　　　　　　　?。╨eave）.
2.The new bridge 　　　　　　　　?。╠esign） by the end of last month.
3.By the end of last year， another new gymnasium 　　　　　　　　　（complete） in Beijing.
4.Experiments of this kind 　　　　　　　　?。╟onduct） in both the US and Europe long before the Second World War.
5.The little child and her parents lived in a shelter because their house 　　　　　　　　?。╠estroy） in the flood.
6.I 　　　　　　　　?。╥ntend） to go to the cinema with you， but I had to take care of my grandmother.
7.All the film tickets 　　　　　　　　　（sell） out when I got to the cinema.
8.In the past decade， more and more devices 　　　　　　?。╥nvent） with the help of high technology.
9.Yesterday， the city government rewarded those who 　　　　　　　　　（make） contributions to the city’s construction in the past years.
10.He said he 　　　　　　　　　（hope） to spend the important day with us， but he was too busy then.
11.The twins， who 　　　　　　　　?。╢inish） their homework， were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
12.The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets 　　　　　　　　?。╞ook）.
13.It was the first time that my daughter 　　　　　　　　　（ask） to sing in public and she was a bit nervous.
維度二：語法與寫作
1.Before her husband came to rescue her， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她的丈夫來營救她之前，她已經(jīng)陷入了絕望。
2.It hit him that his homework 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他突然想起他的家庭作業(yè)忘在家里了。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 on Friday afternoon， but something unexpected happened.
我本打算周五下午和你一起去書店，但是發(fā)生了意想不到的事情。
4.No sooner 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he was surrounded by the excited workers.
他剛一結(jié)束講話就被興奮的工人們圍了起來。
5.By the time my parents reached home yesterday， I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　already.
昨天我父母到家時，我已經(jīng)把晚飯做好了。
6.I ran across David while walking along the street yesterday.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
昨天我在街上散步的時候碰到了戴維。我已經(jīng)三年沒見過他了。
7.All the students were excited about it and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. （新聞報道）
所有的學(xué)生都對此感到興奮，并以極大的熱情為它做好了準(zhǔn)備。
8.He complained that this was the third time he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他抱怨說，這是他第三次被告知會議日期的變化。
9.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 because of the heavy rain， so all the passengers had to take the train.
由于大雨，所有的航班都被取消了，乘客們不得不改乘火車。
10.It was the third time that she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to see the children.
這是她第三次來這個山村看望這些孩子。
維度三：語法與語篇
　　My old friend， Jerry，1.　　　　　　 （live） in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England.He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned 2.　　　　　 （settle） down in the country.He had no sooner returned than he 3.　　　　　　（buy） a house and went to live there.Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather，for even though it was still summer，it 4.　　　　　　 （rain） continually and it was often bitterly cold.After so many years of sunshine，Jerry got a shock.He acted as if he 5.　　　　　　 （not live） in England before.In the end， it was more than he could bear.He had hardly had time to settle down when he 6.　　　　　　 （sell） the house and left the country.The dream he 7.　　　　　　 （have） for so many years ended there.Jerry had thought of everything except the weather.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　?。?024·寧波高二上學(xué)期期末考試）There was a lot of food left on Dad’s plate. We sat across from each other at Perkins， one of his favourite places to have breakfast.
Months of treatment robbed him of his appetite， adding it to the long list of things that cancer had taken from him： his extra pounds， his hair， his strength， the laugh lines around his eyes， a sense of calm， of comfort ... of hope.
I looked at my dad across the table — bald and weak， such a kind and humble man — and I was profoundly aware we were beginning our “l(fā)asts”. Was this our last breakfast together？ Our last joke to share？ Our last stories to tell each other？ Our last Christmas to celebrate？ I reached across the table and took both his hands in mine. “I love you，” I said， as tears filled our eyes.
In the end， Dad signalled the waiter to bring the bill. “It’s already taken care of， honey，” the waitress said.
“Beth ...” my dad addressed me weakly， as he always insisted on paying when we stopped for breakfast despite my protests. And， after realising it let him feel like a gentleman taking his daughter out to eat， I had stopped objecting.
“Dad， it wasn’t me. I didn’t pay，” I said， just as puzzled as he was.
“Can you tell us who paid the check？” I asked the waitress. “It was that guy，” she said， nodding toward the window across from our table. I caught sight of the back of the man she indicated. He was tall with broad shoulders and a quick pace that was leading him away from us toward his car.
“Do you see him？” Dad asked. And as I turned back to reply， I was struck by my father’s face. His smile was huge， filling his whole face. His eyes were suddenly brighter than I remembered them being in months. Kindness really does touch us and fill us ...even on the worst days.
1.Why did the author’s dad eat little food？
A.He wasn’t satisfied with the food.
B.He didn’t like eating in a restaurant.
C.His appetite was ruined by his disease.
D.His mood was affected by the environment.
2.What does the author mean by saying “we were beginning our ‘lasts’”？
A.She would leave his dad.
B.Her dad would pass away.
C.They wouldn’t live together.
D.They wouldn’t have fun together.
3.Why had the author stopped objecting in Paragraph 5？
A.She was in financial difficulties.
B.She obeyed his dad completely.
C.She wanted to maintain her dad’s dignity.
D.She intended to save money for her dad.
4. What made the author’s father smile in the end？
A.The author’s love.
B.The author’s comfort.
C.Service from the waitress.
D.Kindness from a stranger.
B
　　（2024·廈門高二下學(xué)期質(zhì)檢）Sugar-free cookies， reduced-sugar cereal， sugar-free candy， diet soda ... are these better for you？ After sugar became a taboo in the nutrition and wellness world， sugar-free food items and beverages acted as substitutes for once beloved sweet drinks and snacks.Claiming to be ZERO sugar meant it was healthier， better for diabetics， and helped you slim down ... Right？
Wrong.Sugar-free isn’t better for you.In fact， sugar-free is worse.
Sugar-free means that artificial sweeteners （甜味劑） are used instead of real sugar.The problem： These sweeteners do not come from natural sources and they can cause you more harm than good.
Let’s get into what these artificial sweeteners actually are.Sugar-free sugar sounds wrong and that’s because there is no such thing as sugar-free sugar.Some of these sugar-free alternatives even contain sugar and the ones that don’t have chemicals your body often does not know how to process.
Most artificial sweeteners are a lot sweeter than sugar so only a tiny amount is needed.That’s why they can market sugar-free alternatives as “l(fā)ow-calorie” or “no-calorie”.It also means that you get no nutritional value from consuming them which is why many sugar-free substitutes are classified as “non-nutritive”.These artificial sweeteners tend to hide under sneaky names.Actually， they are 200－600 times sweeter than sugar.
When you eat sweet stuff， your body continues to crave it and， even though your body cannot metabolize these sugar-free alternatives， your brain does not know the difference.In turn， sugar-free alternatives connect to weight gain and type 2 diabetes （糖尿病）.
Artificial sweeteners also damage your gut’s ability to break down sugar which impacts everything you eat.In other words， your body doesn’t know how to handle artificial sweeteners because they have nothing real to process.
A good rule of thumb： Stay away from artificial sweeteners and look for non-sugar， natural sweeteners like Stevia or date sugar.In the war against artificial sweeteners and real sugar， both lose.Satisfy your sweet tooth with natural sugars that come from fruits and stay away from products claiming to be sugar-free or diet！
5.What’s special about sugar-free products？
A.They don’t taste sweet.
B.They are more nutritious.
C.They contain artificial sweeteners.
D.They contain natural sweeteners.
6.Why are sugar-free alternatives described as “l(fā)ow-calorie” or “no-calorie”？
A.They don’t produce any heat.
B.They contain no artificial sweetener.
C.A tiny amount of sugar is used.
D.So few artificial sweeteners are used.
7.What do we know about artificial sweeteners？
A.They are as sweet as sugar.
B.They can be easily broken down.
C.They present a bigger health risk.
D.They improve our ability to metabolize.
8.What is the author’s final conclusion？
A.Real sugar is a better choice.
B.Stay away from sugary products.
C.Sugar-free products are healthier.
D.Choose sugar from natural sources.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·合肥高二下學(xué)期月考）Being gentle with yourself means many things. 　9　 If you’re a late bloomer （開花植物）， as many of us are， be patient and allow yourself enough time to grow.
It means learning to laugh at the stupid things you do. I have a friend Chuck who’s extraordinary when it comes to laughing at himself and never taking life too seriously. 　10　
Being gentle also means forgiving yourself when you mess up. And who hasn’t done that？ We should learn from our mistakes， but we shouldn’t beat ourselves up over them. The past is just past. 　11　 Learn， and correct your mistakes if you need to. Then drop it and move on.“One of the keys to happiness，” says Rita Mae Brown，“is a bad memory.”
A ship at sea for many years picks up thousands of barnacles（藤壺） that attach themselves to the bottom of the ship and eventually weigh it down. 　12　 The easiest way to get rid of them is for the ship to harbor in a freshwater port， free of salt water. Here， the barnacles loosen on their own and fall off. The ship is then able to return to sea， relieved of its burden.
Are you carrying around barnacles in the form of mistakes， regrets， and pain from the past？ Perhaps you need to allow yourself to soak in fresh water for a while. Hit the refresh button. 　13　 Always be a first-rate version of yourself， instead of a second-rate version of somebody else.
A.This becomes a threat to its safety.
B.Consider what went wrong and why.
C.Try to do what you love and love what you do.
D.Let go of a burden and give yourself a second chance.
E.I’ve always been amazed at how he attracts people to him.
F.You can achieve anything so long as you have a strong will.
G.It means not expecting yourself to be perfect by tomorrow morning.
9.　 　　　　　10.　　　　　　11.　　　　
12.　　　 13.　　　
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·山東六校高二下學(xué)期聯(lián)考）I was in the grocery store picking up a few odds and ends.As I 　14　 the cashier I noticed a very old man.His back was bent.His hair was white.His face was 　15　 wrinkles.In the eyes of the 　16　， he looked tired， old and ugly.
As soon as he 　17　 finished counting out the money， he 　18　 and joked with the cashier and they both laughed.His 　19　 sounded like sweet music.His eyes sparkled with delight.He turned back to me and 　20　 his smile.I could see his soul shining through.It was the 　21　 and most beautiful soul I had seen in a long time.In that 　22　 I saw that while his body might be showing its years， his 　23　 was young.
Some people can look young and healthy on the 　24　 but be old and beaten down on the inside.Other people can look old and worn-out on the outside but 　25　 be young and vital within.Most of us fall somewhere in-between.
I truly believe， however， that the key is love.Time will eventually 　26　 all our bodies， but whether we grow old on the inside is a choice.We can 　27　 to live in fear， anger and hatred.Or we can choose to live in 　28　， joy and compassion and keep our souls forever young.
14.A.served　　　　　　B.paid
C.left D.approached
15.A.exposed to B.trapped in
C.covered with D.made of
16.A.world B.cashier
C.customer D.elder
17.A.politely B.slowly
C.easily D.curiously
18.A.smiled B.stopped
C.hesitated D.appeared
19.A.song B.laughter
C.voice D.story
20.A.hid B.lost
C.shared D.forced
21.A.funniest B.cleverest
C.biggest D.youngest
22.A.case B.moment
C.area D.way
23.A.child B.look
C.sound D.soul
24.A.contrary B.bottom
C.outside D.face
25.A.still B.sometimes
C.even D.anyway
26.A.age B.limit
C.ignore D.punish
27.A.continue B.choose
C.refuse D.attempt
28.A.gratitude B.hope
C.love D.excitement
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Microwave ovens have been used in kitchen for decades， 　29　 （allow） you to cook everything from frozen vegetables to packaged meals in minutes.But while you cook your food， you may wonder 　30　 close you can safely stand next to a microwave， and whether any radiation could escape from the device and 　31　 （potential） harm you.
Do you really need to worry about this？ The short answer is， not really.Injuries from microwave radiation 　32　 （be） very rare， according to the US Food and Drug Administration （FDA）.However， there are certain precautions you can take to keep 　33　 （you） safe when using a microwave oven.
Even though microwaves don’t pose 　34　 same health risks as X-rays， that doesn’t mean they are risk-free.Microwaves heat food by causing water molecules （分子） to move， 　35　 produces heat.In theory， microwaves can heat human body in the same way they heat food.But these types of injuries are very rare and have generally occurred when people 　36　 （expose） to large amounts of radiation leaking through openings in the oven.What’s more， the FDA requires microwaves 　37　 （design） in a certain way to prevent these types of radiation leaks.
Still， the agency 　38　 （recommend） that you check your microwave oven carefully and should not use it if the door doesn’t close properly.Meanwhile， you shouldn’t lean or stand directly against a microwave oven for long periods while it’s operating.
29.　　　　　　30.　　　　　　31.　　　　
32.　　　 33.　　　 34.　　　
35.　　　 36.　　　 37.　　　
38.　　　
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
基礎(chǔ)知識自測
維度一
1.had left　2.had been designed　3.had been completed
4.had been conducted　5.had been destroyed
6.had intended　7.had been sold　8.have been invented
9.had made　10.had hoped　11.had finished　12.had been booked　13.had been asked
維度二
1.she had been buried in despair
2.had been left at home
3.I had intended to go to the bookstore with you
4.had he finished his talk than
5.had cooked the dinner
6.hadn’t seen him for three years
7.had been prepared for it with great passion
8.had been informed of the change of the meeting date
9.All the flights had been cancelled
10.had come to this mountain village
維度三
1.had lived　2.to settle　3.bought　4.rained　5.hadn’t lived　6.sold　7.had had
素養(yǎng)能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在餐館與父親共進(jìn)早餐，結(jié)果一位陌生人替他們買了單。這讓患有癌癥的父親感受到意外的溫暖和感動。
1.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，由于父親接受癌癥的治療，這使他沒有了食欲，因此進(jìn)食非常少。
2.B　句意理解題。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，由于作者的父親得了癌癥，因此作者認(rèn)為他的生命進(jìn)入了倒計時，感覺他們在一起所做的每一件事都可能是“最后一次”。
3.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段可知，作者跟父親吃完飯后父親總是堅持買單，一開始作者反對，后來放棄了反對，因為她意識到父親帶自己吃飯后買單會讓父親顯得更像一位紳士。
4.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，父親之所以開心微笑，是因為那位陌生人替他們買了單——父親被那位陌生人的善意所感動。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今市場上充斥著各種“無糖食品”和“無糖飲料”，它們對我們的身體健康究竟有著怎樣的影響呢？
5.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三至五段可知，所謂的“無糖產(chǎn)品”，其實是用人工甜味劑來代替真正的蔗糖，這種人工甜味劑遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比糖更甜，但是沒有任何的營養(yǎng)價值。
6.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知，由于人工甜味劑甜度非常高，所以其用量非常小，因此商家將其“無糖產(chǎn)品”標(biāo)榜為“低卡路里”或“零卡路里”。
7.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五、六段可知，這些所謂的“無糖產(chǎn)品”中含有的人工甜味劑比糖要甜數(shù)百倍，而且會導(dǎo)致體重增加和糖尿病。
8.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者認(rèn)為，無論糖還是人工甜味劑都不是好的選擇，后者危害更大；喜歡甜食者最好的選擇是攝取自然的糖分——比如來自水果中的糖。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者建議我們要學(xué)會善待自己。
9.G　下文建議我們應(yīng)該耐心，這正好是對G項的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明。
10.E　上文作者介紹了自己的朋友Chuck，E項是作者對他的評價，符合語境。
11.B　上句說“過去的就過去了”，下句說“如果需要就改正錯誤”，B項承上啟下，符合語境。
12.A　上文說船只底部如果粘上太多的藤壺會下沉，A項正好是對此的補(bǔ)充說明，符合語境。
13.D　上句建議我們按下人生的重啟鍵，也就是放下包袱重新開始，D項符合語境。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在超市購物時看到了一位有著年輕靈魂的老人。通過這位老人，作者相信是愛讓人年輕。
14.D　根據(jù)下文As soon as he 　17　 finished counting out the money可知，作者走向收銀員。
15.C　根據(jù)下文he looked tired， old and ugly可知，他的臉上布滿了皺紋。
16.A　根據(jù)上文可知，這個模樣的人，大多數(shù)人都會覺得他又老又丑。此處表示泛指，不強(qiáng)調(diào)某個人的看法。
17.B　根據(jù)上文I noticed a very old man和he looked tired， old and ugly可知，這樣一位老人在掏錢結(jié)賬時動作應(yīng)該很慢。
18.A　根據(jù)下文joked with the cashier and they both laughed可知，這位老人微笑著跟收銀員開了個玩笑。
19.B　根據(jù)上文and they both laughed可知，他的笑聲聽起來像甜美的音樂。
20.C　根據(jù)上文He turned back to me可知，此處指老人回過頭來沖作者微笑，分享他的笑容。
21.D　根據(jù)下文most beautiful soul和his 　23　 was young可知，老人的精神狀態(tài)是作者很長時間以來見到的最年輕的精神狀態(tài)。
22.B　根據(jù)上文I could see his soul shining through.可知，本句強(qiáng)調(diào)那時的情況。
23.D　根據(jù)上文It was the　21　 and most beautiful soul可知，他的靈魂是年輕的。
24.C　根據(jù)空后 but be old and beaten down on the inside可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)有些人外表看上去年輕和健康，但內(nèi)心卻是衰老和憔悴的。
25.A　根據(jù)語境可知，有些人外表雖然看上去很老，但內(nèi)心仍然年輕。
26.A　根據(jù)下文but whether we grow old on the inside is a choice可知，此處指時間使我們的身體變老。
27.B　根據(jù)下文Or we can choose to live in可知，此處進(jìn)一步解釋我們選擇什么樣的生活。
28.C　根據(jù)下文joy and compassion可知，此處與上句對應(yīng)，同時亦指本段第一句中提到的love，強(qiáng)調(diào)作者的觀點(diǎn)I truly believe， however， that the key is love.。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了有關(guān)微波爐使用的一些安全知識。
29.allowing　考查非謂語動詞。這里表示伴隨情況或理解為補(bǔ)充說明，因此應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式作狀語。
30.how　考查賓語從句。動詞wonder后面是一個賓語從句，這里應(yīng)用連接副詞how。
31.potentially　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換?？蘸蟮膆arm是動詞，因此應(yīng)用副詞來修飾它。
32.are　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。本句主語為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式Injuries，因此應(yīng)用系動詞are。
33.yourself　考查代詞。keep yourself safe表示“確保自己安全”，因此應(yīng)用反身代詞。
34.the　考查冠詞。形容詞same前通常用定冠詞the。
35.which　考查定語從句。這里應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句，which指代前面整個句子。
36.are exposed　考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這里表示人們“被暴露”在大量微波輻射之中，因此應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。
37.to be designed　考查非謂語動詞。require一詞后跟動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，這里表示微波爐“被設(shè)計”，因此用動詞不定式的被動式。
38.recommends　考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知，這里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
過去完成時及其被動語態(tài)
1.Prior to coming to China， my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America， with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes.
2.When my family and I had just arrived in China， we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing.
3.A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend， and finally， we found it.
4....we had no idea how to order， so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
以上句子的時態(tài)均為　　　　　??；其中主動語態(tài)有句　　　?。槐粍诱Z態(tài)有句　　　　。
一、過去完成時的概念與結(jié)構(gòu)
1.概念：表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作，即“過去的過去”。
2.結(jié)構(gòu)
主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)
肯定形式 had done had been done
否定形式 had not done had not been done
一般疑問句 had＋主語＋done had＋主語＋been done
特殊疑問句 疑問詞＋had＋主語＋done 疑問詞＋had＋主語＋been done
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
他們到達(dá)旅館前已經(jīng)吃過早飯了。
She had not finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning.
今天早晨10點(diǎn)之前，她沒寫完作文。
How many new words had you learned before the foreign teacher came to your school？
在外教來你們學(xué)校之前，你們學(xué)了多少新單詞？
二、過去完成時的用法
1.表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，即發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。
When I woke up， it had stopped raining.
我醒來時，雨已經(jīng)停了。（雨停發(fā)生在醒來之前，即“過去的過去”）
2.表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這一過去時間，而且動作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。
By the end of last year， he had worked in the factory for twenty years.
到去年年底為止，他已經(jīng)在這個工廠工作了20年。（到去年年底為止已經(jīng)工作了20年，還有繼續(xù)工作下去的可能）
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
在上周三之前，他們已經(jīng)栽了六百棵樹。
3.動詞think、 want、 hope、 mean、 plan、 intend等用過去完成時來表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等時，意為“本想/希望/打算/計劃……”。
We had hoped to be able to come and see you.
我們本希望能來看看你。
I had intended to keep you company， but I had an unexpected visitor.
我本打算陪你，但是來了一個不速之客。
We had planned to finish the work before dark， but we were held up by a heavy rain.
我們本打算在天黑前完成這項工作，但是被大雨耽擱了。
4.在hardly/scarcely ...when ...， no sooner ...than ...句式中，主句常用過去完成時，表示“一……就……”。當(dāng)hardly， scarcely， no sooner置于句首時，其后要用部分倒裝。
We had no sooner arrived at the bus station than the bus started.
→No sooner had we arrived at the bus station than the bus started.
我們剛到達(dá)車站公交車就開了。
5.在“That/It was the first/second/...time＋從句”中， 從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時。
That was the first time I had made such a foolish mistake.
那是我第一次犯這么愚蠢的錯誤。
6.與by .../by the end of .../by the time ...等時間狀語連用。
By the time I got to the cinema， the movie had already begun.
我到電影院時，電影已經(jīng)開始了。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空/完成句子
①When I got to school I found that my classmates 　　　　　?。╨eave）.
②It was the first time that I 　　　　　?。╟hat） online in English.
③The man said that he 　　　　　?。╳rite） about 300 pieces of music.
④We 　　　　　?。╩ean） to tell her the news but found that she wasn’t in.
⑤Hardly 　　　　　　　　　　　when she realised she had forgotten her keys.
她一離開家就意識到忘記帶鑰匙了。
⑥We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， but you didn’t.
我們本希望你會來，但你沒來。
三、過去完成時的被動語態(tài)
1.構(gòu)成
（1）肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋had been done
（2）否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋had not been done
（3）疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)
①had＋主語＋been done
②疑問詞＋had＋主語＋been done
2.用法
（1）在told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought、 found、 reported等動詞后的賓語從句中，表示賓語從句中的動作已被做完時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
He heard that the tickets had already been sold out.
他聽說票已被售完。
The newspaper reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the hurricane.
報紙報道說有一千多人在颶風(fēng)中喪生。
【即時演練2】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
The bedroom had been cleaned before her mother came.（肯定句）
→The bedroom 　　　　　　　　　　　before her mother came.（改為否定句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before her mother came？（改為一般疑問句）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before her mother came？（改為對the bedroom提問的特殊疑問句）
（2）當(dāng)before、 when、 by the time、 until、 after、 once等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語是一般過去時，以及by、 before后面接過去的時間時，主句動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示被動時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
By the time she was 13， my sister had been sent to America.
我姐姐13歲前就已經(jīng)被送到美國了。
200 cars had been produced by the end of last year.
到去年年底，已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了200輛汽車。
（3）在“It was the first/second/...time that ...”句型中，that引導(dǎo)的定語從句的主語與謂語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
It was the third time that he had been criticised by the teacher.
這是他第三次被老師批評。
（4）在虛擬語氣中，條件句表示與過去事實相反，且主語與謂語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
If I had been invited earlier， I would have gone there.
如果早點(diǎn)兒被邀請的話，我就去那兒了。
【即時演練3】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空/完成句子
①By the end of last year， 10，000 trees 　　　　　　　　（plant） in that village.
②His village 　　　　　　　　（flood） in the heavy rain， so he moved to his parents’ house.
③He found that his wallet 　　　　　　?。╯teal） on the bus.
④It was the second time that Tom 　　　　　　　　　　?。╬unish） so seriously.
⑤His newly written novel 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by the end of last month.
上個月末，他剛寫的小說已被翻譯成了英語。
⑥Her homework 　　　　　　　　　　　when I got home.
我到家的時候，她的作業(yè)還沒有完成。
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發(fā)現(xiàn)
過去完成時　2、4　1、3
即時演練1
①had left?、趆ad chatted　③had written?、躧ad meant?、輍ad she left the house?、辢ad hoped that you would come
即時演練2
had not been cleaned； Had the bedroom been cleaned； What had been cleaned
即時演練3
①had been planted?、趆ad been flooded?、踙ad been stolen?、躧ad been punished?、輍ad been translated into English?、辢ad not been finished
4 / 4(共77張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
課時檢測·提能力
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
1
過去完成時及其被動語態(tài)
1. Prior to coming to China， my only experience with Chinese cooking
was in America， with Chinese food that had been changed to suit
American tastes.
2. When my family and I had just arrived in China， we went looking for
a good place to eat in Beijing.
3. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend， and
finally， we found it.
4. ...we had no idea how to order， so the chef just began filling our
table with the best food we had ever eaten.
【我的發(fā)現(xiàn)】
以上句子的時態(tài)均為 ；其中主動語態(tài)有句
；被動語態(tài)有句 。
過去完成時　
2、
4　
1、3　
一、過去完成時的概念與結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 概念：表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作，即
“過去的過去”。
主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)
肯定形式 had done had been done
否定形式 had not done had not been done
一般疑問句 had＋主語＋done had＋主語＋been done
特殊疑問句 疑問詞＋had＋主語＋done 疑問詞＋had＋主語＋been done
2. 結(jié)構(gòu)
They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
他們到達(dá)旅館前已經(jīng)吃過早飯了。
She had not finished writing the composition by 10：00 this morning.
今天早晨10點(diǎn)之前，她沒寫完作文。
How many new words had you learned before the foreign teacher came
to your school？
在外教來你們學(xué)校之前，你們學(xué)了多少新單詞？
二、過去完成時的用法
1. 表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束，
即發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。
When I woke up， it had stopped raining.
我醒來時，雨已經(jīng)停了。（雨停發(fā)生在醒來之前，即“過去的過
去”）
2. 表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去某一時間之前已經(jīng)開始，一直延續(xù)到這
一過去時間，而且動作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。
By the end of last year， he had worked in the factory for twenty
years.
到去年年底為止，他已經(jīng)在這個工廠工作了20年。（到去年年底為
止已經(jīng)工作了20年，還有繼續(xù)工作下去的可能）
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
在上周三之前，他們已經(jīng)栽了六百棵樹。
3. 動詞think、 want、 hope、 mean、 plan、 intend等用過去完成時來
表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法、希望、打算或意圖等時，意為“本想/
希望/打算/計劃……”。
We had hoped to be able to come and see you.
我們本希望能來看看你。
I had intended to keep you company， but I had an unexpected visitor.
我本打算陪你，但是來了一個不速之客。
We had planned to finish the work before dark， but we were held up
by a heavy rain.
我們本打算在天黑前完成這項工作，但是被大雨耽擱了。
4. 在hardly/scarcely ...when ...， no sooner ...than ...句式中，主
句常用過去完成時，表示“一……就……”。當(dāng)hardly， scarcely，
no sooner置于句首時，其后要用部分倒裝。
We had no sooner arrived at the bus station than the bus started.
→No sooner had we arrived at the bus station than the bus started.
我們剛到達(dá)車站公交車就開了。
5. 在“That/It was the first/second/...time＋從句”中， 從句中的謂語
動詞用過去完成時。
That was the first time I had made such a foolish mistake.
那是我第一次犯這么愚蠢的錯誤。
6. 與by .../by the end of .../by the time ...等時間狀語連用。
By the time I got to the cinema， the movie had already begun.
我到電影院時，電影已經(jīng)開始了。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空/完成句子
①When I got to school I found that my classmates
（leave）.
②It was the first time that I （chat） online in English.
③The man said that he （write） about 300 pieces of
music.
④We （mean） to tell her the news but found that she
wasn’t in.
had left　
had chatted　
had written　
had meant　
⑤Hardly when she realised she had forgotten
her keys.
她一離開家就意識到忘記帶鑰匙了。
⑥We ， but you didn’t.
我們本希望你會來，但你沒來。
had hoped that you would come　
had she left the house　
三、過去完成時的被動語態(tài)
1. 構(gòu)成
（1）肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋had been done
（2）否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋had not been done
（3）疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)
①had＋主語＋been done
②疑問詞＋had＋主語＋been done
2. 用法
（1）在told、 said、 knew、 heard、 thought、 found、 reported等
動詞后的賓語從句中，表示賓語從句中的動作已被做完時，
要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
He heard that the tickets had already been sold out.
他聽說票已被售完。
The newspaper reported more than 1，000 people had been
killed in the hurricane.
報紙報道說有一千多人在颶風(fēng)中喪生。
【即時演練2】　句型轉(zhuǎn)換
The bedroom had been cleaned before her mother came.（肯定句）
→The bedroom before her mother came.（改為
否定句）
→ before her mother came？（改為一
般疑問句）
→ before her mother came？（改為對the
bedroom提問的特殊疑問句）
had not been cleaned　
Had the bedroom been cleaned　
What had been cleaned　
（2）當(dāng)before、 when、 by the time、 until、 after、 once等引導(dǎo)的時
間狀語從句的謂語是一般過去時，以及by、 before后面接過去的
時間時，主句動作發(fā)生在從句的動作或過去的時間之前且表示
被動時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
By the time she was 13， my sister had been sent to America.
我姐姐13歲前就已經(jīng)被送到美國了。
200 cars had been produced by the end of last year.
到去年年底，已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)了200輛汽車。
（3）在“It was the first/second/...time that ...”句型中，that引導(dǎo)的
定語從句的主語與謂語構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時，要用過去完成時的被
動語態(tài)。
It was the third time that he had been criticised by the teacher.
這是他第三次被老師批評。
（4）在虛擬語氣中，條件句表示與過去事實相反，且主語與謂語構(gòu)
成動賓關(guān)系時，要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
If I had been invited earlier， I would have gone there.
如果早點(diǎn)兒被邀請的話，我就去那兒了。
【即時演練3】　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空/完成句子
①By the end of last year， 10，000 trees （plant）
in that village.
②His village （flood） in the heavy rain， so he
moved to his parents’ house.
③He found that his wallet （steal） on the bus.
④It was the second time that Tom （punish） so
seriously.
had been planted　
had been flooded　
had been stolen　
had been punished　
⑤His newly written novel by the end
of last month.
上個月末，他剛寫的小說已被翻譯成了英語。
⑥Her homework when I got home.
我到家的時候，她的作業(yè)還沒有完成。
had not been finished　
had been translated into English　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學(xué)科素養(yǎng)
2
維度一：基礎(chǔ)題型練
1. When they got there， the famous singer （leave）.
2. The new bridge （design） by the end of last
month.
3. By the end of last year， another new gymnasium
（complete） in Beijing.
had left　
had been designed　
had been
completed　
4. Experiments of this kind （conduct） in both
the US and Europe long before the Second World War.
5. The little child and her parents lived in a shelter because their
house （destroy） in the flood.
6. I （intend） to go to the cinema with you， but I had
to take care of my grandmother.
7. All the film tickets （sell） out when I got to the
cinema.
had been conducted　
had been destroyed　
had intended　
had been sold　
8. In the past decade， more and more devices
（invent） with the help of high technology.
9. Yesterday， the city government rewarded those who
（make） contributions to the city’s construction in the past years.
10. He said he （hope） to spend the important day with
us， but he was too busy then.
11. The twins， who （finish） their homework， were
allowed to play badminton on the playground.
have been invented　
had made　
had hoped　
had finished　
12. The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths
of the tickets （book）.
13. It was the first time that my daughter （ask） to
sing in public and she was a bit nervous.
had been booked　
had been asked　
維度二：語法與寫作
1. Before her husband came to rescue her，
.
她的丈夫來營救她之前，她已經(jīng)陷入了絕望。
2. It hit him that his homework .
他突然想起他的家庭作業(yè)忘在家里了。
3. on Friday afternoon，
but something unexpected happened.
我本打算周五下午和你一起去書店，但是發(fā)生了意想不到的事情。
she had been buried in
despair　
had been left at home　
I had intended to go to the bookstore with you
4. No sooner he was surrounded by the
excited workers.
他剛一結(jié)束講話就被興奮的工人們圍了起來。
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday， I
already.
昨天我父母到家時，我已經(jīng)把晚飯做好了。
6. I ran across David while walking along the street yesterday.I
.
昨天我在街上散步的時候碰到了戴維。我已經(jīng)三年沒見過他了。
had he finished his talk than　
had cooked the
dinner　
hadn’t
seen him for three years　
7. All the students were excited about it and
.?。ㄐ侣剤蟮溃?br/>所有的學(xué)生都對此感到興奮，并以極大的熱情為它做好了準(zhǔn)備。
8. He complained that this was the third time he
.
他抱怨說，這是他第三次被告知會議日期的變化。
9. because of the heavy rain， so
all the passengers had to take the train.
由于大雨，所有的航班都被取消了，乘客們不得不改乘火車。
had been prepared for it
with great passion　
had been informed of
the change of the meeting date　
All the flights had been cancelled　
10. It was the third time that she to
see the children.
這是她第三次來這個山村看望這些孩子。
had come to this mountain village　
維度三：語法與語篇
　　My old friend， Jerry，1. （live） in the
Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England.He had often
dreamed of retiring in England and had planned 2. （settle）
down in the country.He had no sooner returned than he 3.
（buy） a house and went to live there.Almost immediately he began to
complain about the weather，for even though it was still summer，it 4.
had lived　
to settle　
bought　
（rain） continually and it was often bitterly cold.After so many
years of sunshine，Jerry got a shock.He acted as if he 5.
（not live） in England before.In the end， it was more than he
could bear.He had hardly had time to settle down when he 6.
（sell） the house and left the country.The dream he 7.
（have） for so many years ended there.Jerry had thought of everything
except the weather.
rained　
hadn’t
lived　
sold　
had had　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·寧波高二上學(xué)期期末考試）There was a lot of food left on
Dad’s plate. We sat across from each other at Perkins， one of his
favourite places to have breakfast.
Months of treatment robbed him of his appetite， adding it to the long
list of things that cancer had taken from him： his extra pounds， his
hair， his strength， the laugh lines around his eyes， a sense of calm，
of comfort ... of hope.
I looked at my dad across the table — bald and weak， such a kind
and humble man — and I was profoundly aware we were beginning our
“l(fā)asts”. Was this our last breakfast together？ Our last joke to share？
Our last stories to tell each other？ Our last Christmas to celebrate？ I
reached across the table and took both his hands in mine. “I love you，”
I said， as tears filled our eyes.
In the end， Dad signalled the waiter to bring the bill. “It’s
already taken care of， honey，” the waitress said.
“Beth ...” my dad addressed me weakly， as he always insisted
on paying when we stopped for breakfast despite my protests. And， after
realising it let him feel like a gentleman taking his daughter out to eat， I
had stopped objecting.
“Dad， it wasn’t me. I didn’t pay，” I said， just as puzzled as
he was.
“Can you tell us who paid the check？” I asked the waitress. “It
was that guy，” she said， nodding toward the window across from our
table. I caught sight of the back of the man she indicated. He was tall with
broad shoulders and a quick pace that was leading him away from us
toward his car.
“Do you see him？” Dad asked. And as I turned back to reply， I
was struck by my father’s face. His smile was huge， filling his whole
face. His eyes were suddenly brighter than I remembered them being in
months. Kindness really does touch us and fill us ...even on the worst
days.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者在餐館與父親共進(jìn)早餐，結(jié)果
一位陌生人替他們買了單。這讓患有癌癥的父親感受到意外的溫暖
和感動。
本文是一篇記敘文。作者在餐館與父親共進(jìn)早餐，結(jié)果
一位陌生人替他們買了單。這讓患有癌癥的父親感受到意外的溫暖
和感動。
1. Why did the author’s dad eat little food？
A. He wasn’t satisfied with the food.
B. He didn’t like eating in a restaurant.
C. His appetite was ruined by his disease.
D. His mood was affected by the environment.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知，由于父親接受癌癥的治
療，這使他沒有了食欲，因此進(jìn)食非常少。
2. What does the author mean by saying “we were beginning our
‘lasts’”？
A. She would leave his dad.
B. Her dad would pass away.
C. They wouldn’t live together.
D. They wouldn’t have fun together.
解析：　句意理解題。根據(jù)上下文語境可知，由于作者的父親得
了癌癥，因此作者認(rèn)為他的生命進(jìn)入了倒計時，感覺他們在一起所
做的每一件事都可能是“最后一次”。
3. Why had the author stopped objecting in Paragraph 5？
A. She was in financial difficulties.
B. She obeyed his dad completely.
C. She wanted to maintain her dad’s dignity.
D. She intended to save money for her dad.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段可知，作者跟父親吃完飯后父
親總是堅持買單，一開始作者反對，后來放棄了反對，因為她意識
到父親帶自己吃飯后買單會讓父親顯得更像一位紳士。
4. What made the author’s father smile in the end？
A. The author’s love.
B. The author’s comfort.
C. Service from the waitress.
D. Kindness from a stranger.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，父親之所以開心微
笑，是因為那位陌生人替他們買了單——父親被那位陌生人的善意
所感動。
B
　?。?024·廈門高二下學(xué)期質(zhì)檢）Sugar-free cookies， reduced-sugar
cereal， sugar-free candy， diet soda ... are these better for you？ After
sugar became a taboo in the nutrition and wellness world， sugar-free food
items and beverages acted as substitutes for once beloved sweet drinks and
snacks.Claiming to be ZERO sugar meant it was healthier， better for
diabetics， and helped you slim down ... Right？
Wrong.Sugar-free isn’t better for you.In fact， sugar-free is worse.
Sugar-free means that artificial sweeteners （甜味劑） are used
instead of real sugar.The problem： These sweeteners do not come from
natural sources and they can cause you more harm than good.
Let’s get into what these artificial sweeteners actually are.Sugar-
free sugar sounds wrong and that’s because there is no such thing as
sugar-free sugar.Some of these sugar-free alternatives even contain sugar
and the ones that don’t have chemicals your body often does not know
how to process.
Most artificial sweeteners are a lot sweeter than sugar so only a tiny
amount is needed.That’s why they can market sugar-free alternatives as
“l(fā)ow-calorie” or “no-calorie”.It also means that you get no nutritional
value from consuming them which is why many sugar-free substitutes are
classified as “non-nutritive”.These artificial sweeteners tend to hide
under sneaky names.Actually， they are 200－600 times sweeter than
sugar.
When you eat sweet stuff， your body continues to crave it and，
even though your body cannot metabolize these sugar-free alternatives，
your brain does not know the difference.In turn， sugar-free alternatives
connect to weight gain and type 2 diabetes （糖尿病）.
Artificial sweeteners also damage your gut’s ability to break down
sugar which impacts everything you eat.In other words， your body
doesn’t know how to handle artificial sweeteners because they have
nothing real to process.
A good rule of thumb： Stay away from artificial sweeteners and look
for non-sugar， natural sweeteners like Stevia or date sugar.In the war
against artificial sweeteners and real sugar， both lose.Satisfy your sweet
tooth with natural sugars that come from fruits and stay away from
products claiming to be sugar-free or diet！
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今市場上充斥著各種“無糖食
品”和“無糖飲料”，它們對我們的身體健康究竟有著怎樣的影響
呢？
本文是一篇說明文。如今市場上充斥著各種“無糖食
品”和“無糖飲料”，它們對我們的身體健康究竟有著怎樣的影響
呢？
5. What’s special about sugar-free products？
A. They don’t taste sweet.
B. They are more nutritious.
C. They contain artificial sweeteners.
D. They contain natural sweeteners.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三至五段可知，所謂的“無糖產(chǎn)
品”，其實是用人工甜味劑來代替真正的蔗糖，這種人工甜味劑遠(yuǎn)
遠(yuǎn)比糖更甜，但是沒有任何的營養(yǎng)價值。
6. Why are sugar-free alternatives described as “l(fā)ow-calorie” or “no-
calorie”？
A. They don’t produce any heat.
B. They contain no artificial sweetener.
C. A tiny amount of sugar is used.
D. So few artificial sweeteners are used.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知，由于人工甜味劑甜度非
常高，所以其用量非常小，因此商家將其“無糖產(chǎn)品”標(biāo)榜為“低
卡路里”或“零卡路里”。
7. What do we know about artificial sweeteners？
A. They are as sweet as sugar.
B. They can be easily broken down.
C. They present a bigger health risk.
D. They improve our ability to metabolize.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五、六段可知，這些所謂的“無糖
產(chǎn)品”中含有的人工甜味劑比糖要甜數(shù)百倍，而且會導(dǎo)致體重增加
和糖尿病。
8. What is the author’s final conclusion？
A. Real sugar is a better choice.
B. Stay away from sugary products.
C. Sugar-free products are healthier.
D. Choose sugar from natural sources.
解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者認(rèn)為，無論糖還
是人工甜味劑都不是好的選擇，后者危害更大；喜歡甜食者最好的
選擇是攝取自然的糖分——比如來自水果中的糖。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　?。?024·合肥高二下學(xué)期月考）Being gentle with yourself means
many things. 　9　 If you’re a late bloomer （開花植物）， as many
of us are， be patient and allow yourself enough time to grow.
It means learning to laugh at the stupid things you do. I have a friend
Chuck who’s extraordinary when it comes to laughing at himself and
never taking life too seriously. 　10　
Being gentle also means forgiving yourself when you mess up. And
who hasn’t done that？ We should learn from our mistakes， but we
shouldn’t beat ourselves up over them. The past is just past. 　11　
Learn， and correct your mistakes if you need to. Then drop it and move
on.“One of the keys to happiness，” says Rita Mae Brown，“is a bad
memory.”
A ship at sea for many years picks up thousands of barnacles（藤壺）
that attach themselves to the bottom of the ship and eventually weigh it
down. 　12　 The easiest way to get rid of them is for the ship to harbor
in a freshwater port， free of salt water. Here， the barnacles loosen on
their own and fall off. The ship is then able to return to sea， relieved of
its burden.
Are you carrying around barnacles in the form of mistakes，
regrets， and pain from the past？ Perhaps you need to allow yourself to
soak in fresh water for a while. Hit the refresh button. 　13　 Always be
a first-rate version of yourself， instead of a second-rate version of
somebody else.
A. This becomes a threat to its safety.
B. Consider what went wrong and why.
C. Try to do what you love and love what you do.
D. Let go of a burden and give yourself a second chance.
E. I’ve always been amazed at how he attracts people to him.
F. You can achieve anything so long as you have a strong will.
G. It means not expecting yourself to be perfect by tomorrow morning.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者建議我們要學(xué)會善待自己。
9. G　下文建議我們應(yīng)該耐心，這正好是對G項的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說明。
10. E　上文作者介紹了自己的朋友Chuck，E項是作者對他的評價，
符合語境。
11. B　上句說“過去的就過去了”，下句說“如果需要就改正錯
誤”，B項承上啟下，符合語境。
本文是一篇議論文。作者建議我們要學(xué)會善待自己。
12. A　上文說船只底部如果粘上太多的藤壺會下沉，A項正好是對此
的補(bǔ)充說明，符合語境。
13. D　上句建議我們按下人生的重啟鍵，也就是放下包袱重新開
始，D項符合語境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·山東六校高二下學(xué)期聯(lián)考）I was in the grocery store
picking up a few odds and ends.As I 　14　 the cashier I noticed a very
old man.His back was bent.His hair was white.His face was 　15　
wrinkles.In the eyes of the 　16　， he looked tired， old and ugly.
As soon as he 　17　 finished counting out the money， he 　18　
and joked with the cashier and they both laughed.His 　19　 sounded like
sweet music.His eyes sparkled with delight.He turned back to me
and 　20　 his smile.I could see his soul shining through.It was
the 　21　 and most beautiful soul I had seen in a long time.In
that 　22　 I saw that while his body might be showing its years，
his 　23　 was young.
Some people can look young and healthy on the 　24　 but be old
and beaten down on the inside.Other people can look old and worn-out on
the outside but 　25　 be young and vital within.Most of us fall
somewhere in-between.
I truly believe， however， that the key is love.Time will
eventually 　26　 all our bodies， but whether we grow old on the inside
is a choice.We can 　27　 to live in fear， anger and hatred.Or we can
choose to live in 　28　， joy and compassion and keep our souls forever
young.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在超市購物時看到了一位
有著年輕靈魂的老人。通過這位老人，作者相信是愛讓人年輕。
本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在超市購物時看到了一位
有著年輕靈魂的老人。通過這位老人，作者相信是愛讓人年輕。
14. A. served B. paid
C. left D. approached
解析：　根據(jù)下文As soon as he 　17　 finished counting out the
money可知，作者走向收銀員。
15. A. exposed to B. trapped in
C. covered with D. made of
解析：　根據(jù)下文he looked tired， old and ugly可知，他的臉上
布滿了皺紋。
16. A. world B. cashier
C. customer D. elder
解析：　根據(jù)上文可知，這個模樣的人，大多數(shù)人都會覺得他
又老又丑。此處表示泛指，不強(qiáng)調(diào)某個人的看法。
17. A. politely B. slowly
C. easily D. curiously
解析：　根據(jù)上文I noticed a very old man和he looked tired， old
and ugly可知，這樣一位老人在掏錢結(jié)賬時動作應(yīng)該很慢。
18. A. smiled B. stopped
C. hesitated D. appeared
解析：　根據(jù)下文joked with the cashier and they both laughed可
知，這位老人微笑著跟收銀員開了個玩笑。
19. A. song B. laughter
C. voice D. story
解析：　根據(jù)上文and they both laughed可知，他的笑聲聽起來像
甜美的音樂。
20. A. hid B. lost C. shared D. forced
解析：　根據(jù)上文He turned back to me可知，此處指老人回過頭
來沖作者微笑，分享他的笑容。
21. A. funniest B. cleverest
C. biggest D. youngest
解析：　根據(jù)下文most beautiful soul和his 　23　 was
young可知，老人的精神狀態(tài)是作者很長時間以來見到的最年
輕的精神狀態(tài)。
22. A. case B. moment C. area D. way
解析：　根據(jù)上文I could see his soul shining through.可知，本句
強(qiáng)調(diào)那時的情況。
23. A. child B. look C. sound D. soul
解析：　根據(jù)上文It was the 　21　 and most beautiful soul可知，
他的靈魂是年輕的。
24. A. contrary B. bottom
C. outside D. face
解析：　根據(jù)空后 but be old and beaten down on the inside
可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)有些人外表看上去年輕和健康，但內(nèi)心卻是衰
老和憔悴的。
25. A. still B. sometimes
C. even D. anyway
解析：　根據(jù)語境可知，有些人外表雖然看上去很老，但內(nèi)心
仍然年輕。
26. A. age B. limit C. ignore D. punish
解析：A　根據(jù)下文but whether we grow old on the inside is a choice
可知，此處指時間使我們的身體變老。
27. A. continue B. choose
C. refuse D. attempt
解析：　根據(jù)下文Or we can choose to live in可知，此處進(jìn)一步解
釋我們選擇什么樣的生活。
28. A. gratitude B. hope
C. love D. excitement
解析：　根據(jù)下文joy and compassion可知，此處與上句對應(yīng)，同
時亦指本段第一句中提到的love，強(qiáng)調(diào)作者的觀點(diǎn)I truly believe，
however， that the key is love.。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　Microwave ovens have been used in kitchen for decades， 　29　
（allow） you to cook everything from frozen vegetables to packaged
meals in minutes.But while you cook your food， you may
wonder 　30　 close you can safely stand next to a microwave， and
whether any radiation could escape from the device and 　31　
（potential） harm you.
Do you really need to worry about this？ The short answer is， not
really.Injuries from microwave radiation 　32　 （be） very rare，
according to the US Food and Drug Administration （FDA）.However，
there are certain precautions you can take to keep 　33　 （you） safe
when using a microwave oven.
Even though microwaves don’t pose 　34　 same health risks as X-
rays， that doesn’t mean they are risk-free.Microwaves heat food by
causing water molecules （分子） to move， 　35　 produces heat.In
theory， microwaves can heat human body in the same way they heat
food.But these types of injuries are very rare and have generally occurred
when people 　36　 （expose） to large amounts of radiation leaking
through openings in the oven.What’s more， the FDA requires
microwaves 　37　 （design） in a certain way to prevent these types of
radiation leaks.
Still， the agency 　38　 （recommend） that you check your
microwave oven carefully and should not use it if the door doesn’t close
properly.Meanwhile， you shouldn’t lean or stand directly against a
microwave oven for long periods while it’s operating.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了有關(guān)微波爐使用的
一些安全知識。
29. allowing　考查非謂語動詞。這里表示伴隨情況或理解為補(bǔ)充說
明，因此應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式作狀語。
本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了有關(guān)微波爐使用的
一些安全知識。
30. how　考查賓語從句。動詞wonder后面是一個賓語從句，這里應(yīng)
用連接副詞how。
31. potentially　考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換?？蘸蟮膆arm是動詞，因此應(yīng)用副詞來
修飾它。
32. are　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。本句主語為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
Injuries，因此應(yīng)用系動詞are。
33. yourself　考查代詞。keep yourself safe表示“確保自己安全”，因
此應(yīng)用反身代詞。
34. the　考查冠詞。形容詞same前通常用定冠詞the。
35. which　考查定語從句。這里應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)一個非限制
性定語從句，which指代前面整個句子。
36. are exposed　考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。這里表示人們“被暴露”
在大量微波輻射之中，因此應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。
37. to be designed　考查非謂語動詞。require一詞后跟動詞不定
式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，這里表示微波爐“被設(shè)計”，因此用動詞不定
式的被動式。
38. recommends　考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文可知，這里應(yīng)用一般
現(xiàn)在時。
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