資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Using Language
維度一：品句填詞
1.Stephen Hawking was known as an 　　　　　（優秀的） physicist.
2.A heavy rain suddenly 　　　　　　（傾瀉） down； as a result， the sports meeting was put off.
3.On Friday night I had such a 　　　　　　　　（生動的） dream that I can still remember the terrible feeling.
4.I strongly 　　　　　　（懷疑） that he was lying to me yesterday.
5.Look forward to your coming and 　　　　　　（絕妙的） performance.
6.If you always try to find f　　　　　　 with others， it means that you have gained another shortcoming.
7.A great many c　　　　　　 measures have been taken by our government to contain it.
8.It is acknowledged that reading lays a s　　　　 foundation for further learning.
維度二：詞形轉換
1.Much to our joy， his health is getting 　　　（steady） better with time going by.
2.Jenna got down to 　　　　　　（make） sandwiches with her father guiding her patiently.
3.In reality，the mechanic made a severe mistake， 　　　　　　（shift） nervously from one foot to another.
4.The new study’s 　　　　　　（find） warn that the global warming is becoming more and more serious.
5.　　　　　　 （initial）， it will do harm to our health and may cause short-sightedness.
6.Stop the negative 　　　　　　（think） and focus on solving those problems.
7.I’m writing to apply for the job as an 　　　　　（assist） in your travel agency.
8.No matter how 　　　　　　（gift） you are， you alone cannot change the world.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.Thanks 　　　　　　her patience and efforts， she finally contacted the man who was 　　　　charge of the company.
2.I have never taken part in a 　　　　　　　　（meaningful） activity than this one.
3.Though he came down 　　　　　　a severe disease， he was still willing 　　　　　　（help） over the course of the project.
4.It is true that tea houses in Hangzhou trace back 　　　　　　the Southern Song Dynasty.
5.I feel greatly honoured to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（負責） the activity to be held in the school lecture hall next Saturday.
6.Once conflicts 　　　　　　　　（爆發） in the future， you must tell me as soon as possible.
7.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （從遠處看）， the island looked like a cloud.
8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　（受到人類活動的嚴重影響）， many wild animals are in danger of extinction.
維度四：課文語法填空
（一）
　　When Qian Xuesen was young， he realised China needed air force 1.　　　　　　 （defend） the country， so he went to America to study aviation. As a graduate 2.　　　　　　 （assist） at the California Institute of Technology， he helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion. Finally， he became a pioneer in jet and rocket technology. 3.　　　　　　 Qian Xuesen returned to China in 1955， he was put 4.　　　　　　 charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme. Under his leadership， China made 5.　　　　　　 （outstand） progress in rockets， missiles and man-made satellites. Because of this， he earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”.
（二）
　　Stephen Hawking was a 6.　　　　　　 （gift） scientist. Since he came down 7.　　　　　 a disease causing him to lose the use of most of his muscles， his world became one of abstract thought. There was a theory on the origin of the universe explaining the universe 8.　　　　　　 （begin） at a single point in time and space. His own work on the big bang theory was proven by astronomers with 9.　　　　　　 （telescope） and a new star was born. He was brilliant， brave and determined. And he was willing to admit his faults. This odd 10.　　　　　　 （combine） of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of modern times.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·武漢高二上學期期末考試）By now， you’ve probably been warned that a robot is coming for your job.But rather than repeat the warning， I’ve decided to throw down a challenge： man against machine.
Start with the task we’re engaged in right now： communicating in fluent language.We’re sharing abstract ideas through words that we choose with an understanding of their difference and impact.
Here’s another inbuilt advantage we take for granted： as humans， we are limited by design.We are bound in time： we die.We are bound in space： we can’t be in more than one place at a time.
That means that when I speak to an audience， I am giving them something special.It’s a custom-made， one-off， 100% robot-free delivery， from today’s one-and-only Australian Chief Scientist.
Digital Alan seems to increase the appetite for human Alan， just as Spotify can boost the demand for a musician’s live performances.
Thanks to technology， many goods and services are cheaper， better and more accessible than ever before.We like our on-tap lectures and our automated FitBit advice.
Online courses haven’t killed the bricks-and-mortar university.FitBit hasn’t killed the personal trainer.On the contrary， they’re all booming.
Here’s a third argument for the win.We humans have learned the habit of civilisation.Let me illustrate this point by a story.
A few years ago， some researchers set out to investigate the way that people interact with robots.They sent out a small robot to patrol （巡邏） the local mall.That robot had a terrible time — and the villains of the story were children.They kicked him， bullied him， smacked him in the head.
The point is not that the children were violent.The point is that the adults were not.They controlled whatever primitive impulse （原始沖動） they might have felt in childhood to smack something smaller and weaker in the head.We call it civilisation.
Together， these points suggest to me that humanity has a powerful competitive edge.We can coexist with our increasingly capable machines and we can make space for the full breadth of human talents to flourish.
1.What’s humans’ second advantage according to the author？
A.Our language ability.
B.Our unique existence.
C.Our super intelligence.
D.Our special personality.
2.What’s the author’s attitude towards Spotify and FitBit？
A.Negative. B.Doubtful.
C.Confused. D.Grateful.
3.Why does the author tell the story of a small robot？
A.To prove humans are well-educated.
B.To show children are naughty in nature.
C.To suggest machines will become violent.
D.To indicate machines aren’t that dangerous.
4.What’s the author’s final conclusion about humans and machines？
A.We’ll live in harmony with each other.
B.Both sides would be losers in the fight.
C.Humans will completely defeat machines.
D.Machines will replace humans in many fields.
B
（2024·山東六校高二下學期聯考）Scientists have discovered the world’s largest known field of sea grass.They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers： tiger sharks.The work should help protect the sea grass， and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean.
Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts.They grow in thick fields， known as meadows （草地）.Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean’s water， and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures.Importantly， sea grass meadows also help in the fight against the climate crisis.That’s because they store huge amounts of carbon — the harmful pollution that’s making global warming worse.
But though they’re very important， scientists don’t have a good idea of the size and number of the world’s sea grass meadows.The meadows can be hard to spot and the ocean is so huge that it’s not simply possible to study it all by diving.
So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research.Tiger sharks are huge， strong， and deadly.But they also live underwater， are fast swimmers， and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.
Between 2016 and 2020， a team of researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins of seven tiger sharks.After catching the sharks， the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment， then let them go again.
The cameras were designed to fall off after a few hours and float to the surface.Tracking signals helped the scientists find the floating cameras and collect the videos the sharks had taken.The scientists were left with hours of videos taken as the sharks travelled for miles over the sea floor.
Putting all this information together， the scientists learned that the meadow covers at least 25，500 square miles， and could be as large as 35，500 square miles.The discovery means that the world has roughly 40% more sea grass meadows than scientists previously thought.However， much still remains to be done to protect them.
5.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？
A.How sea grass meadows grow.
B.Where sea grass meadows grow.
C.The benefits of sea grass meadows.
D.The problems of sea grass meadows.
6.When were the tiger sharks let go by the scientists？
A.After collecting the videos.
B.Before shooting the videos.
C.After finding the cameras.
D.Before attaching the trackers.
7.What does the discovery mean to the scientists according to the last paragraph？
A.A wake-up call.
B.An unexpected blow.
C.A promising future.
D.A pleasant surprise.
8.What would be the most suitable title for the text？
A.Sea Grass Meadows Are Fighting Global Warming
B.Sea Grass Meadows Do Good to Oceans and Sharks
C.Sharks Help Discover World’s Largest Sea Grass Meadow
D.Scientists Try to Research Sharks and Sea Grass Meadows
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·重慶高二下學期月考）Jade lives in Australia， a country famous for kangaroos， but not for snow.Yet at 12， she 　9　 to ski at the North Pole.
Despite the lack of authentic training space， Jade still built her 　10　 at the gym.She ran with giant tyres attached to her waist to 　11　 what it was like to　12　 a sled across ice.By the age of 14， Jade was 　13　.
The far north is not a blank carpet of soft snow， but Jade 　14　 the tough conditions.Even though every part of her body was 　15　， she never thought of giving up.In April 2021， Jade made 　16　， becoming the youngest person to ski to the North Pole.
When talking about her 　17　， she stated that every human body is 　18　， whether you are a man or a woman.But when the talk was 　19　online， some Internet bullies （霸凌者） wrote mean 　20　 like “Make me a sandwich”， to make her feel small.
To prove women’s place is far beyond the　21　， Jade and her team pushed on to the South Pole and made it.Holding a plate with a sandwich， Jade 　22　 had her photo taken and posted online.She dared the bullies，“I made you a sandwich.Now 　23　 37 days and 600km to the South Pole， and you can eat it.”
9.A.managed　　　　　　B.decided
C.offered D.afforded
10.A.career B.confidence
C.strength D.team
11.A.tell B.feel
C.remember D.share
12.A.pull B.stretch
C.push D.carry
13.A.mature B.determined
C.available D.ready
14.A.braved B.improved
C.predicted D.identified
15.A.working B.refusing
C.bleeding D.aching
16.A.progress B.promises
C.history D.efforts
17.A.hobby B.adventure
C.advantage D.award
18.A.complex B.beautiful
C.amazing D.valuable
19.A.delivered B.posted
C.declared D.remarked
20.A.comments B.suggestions
C.concerns D.greetings
21.A.gym B.field
C.kitchen D.office
22.A.unwillingly B.casually
C.secretly D.proudly
23.A.ski B.walk
C.run D.cycle
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請你以The Scientist I Admire Most為題寫一篇短文參賽，內容包括：
1.誰是你最欽佩的科學家；
2.對其進行簡要介紹；
3.我們應該學習他（她）什么。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅳ.讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young， I lived in a small village in Melaka.The spirit of neighbourliness was very strong then.The village had a variety of trades to serve the needs of the villagers.There was a barber， tailor， coffee shop owner， grocer， and so on.All of us were quite poor but we got by.However， one family which could be considered as living a marginal existence was the Lim family living in the bicycle shop opposite our dwelling.
Mr Lim， the bicycle mechanic， had a large brood of children — twelve to be exact.My mother was a kind-hearted soul.Often， she would remark that his children were dressed in ragged clothes and looked malnourished （營養不良的）.My family was relatively better off in the village.My parents would bring over whatever food we could spare to the Lim family.
I remember one particular year when times were very hard.Even my family had to make do with two meals a day.We stopped the practice of giving food to Mr Lim.One day， I noticed my mother looking troubled.She had learned that the Lim family had not been eating for the past two days.She decided to sacrifice a portion of our meals to the family despite the protests from my brothers that were too hungry.Fortunately， the difficult time did not last long， and the children in our family resumed our three meals a day again.
As time went on， the number of customers at Lim’s shop had increased rapidly.Business at his shop took off like a rocket as Japanese bikes were very useful and popular for transport.They were much better off than before.
It was at this time that my father’s health was worsening.We were confused by the mysterious illness he was suffering from.Because of lack of attention to his provision shop （食品店）， the business became worse.My father then sold our family car to pay off the mounting bills.My brothers and I had to stop schooling because we could not afford the fees.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；
2.請按如下格式作答。
They say that one good deed deserves another.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　With the help of Mr Lim， the situation in my family took a turn for the better.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.outstanding　2.poured　3.vivid　4.suspect（ed）
5.brilliant　6.fault　7.concrete　8.solid
維度二
1.steadily　2.making　3.shifting　4.findings　5.Initially　6.thinking　7.assistant　8.gifted
維度三
1.to； in　2.more meaningful　3.with； to help　4.to
5.be in charge of　6.break out　7.Viewed/Seen from a distance　8.Seriously affected by human activities
維度四
1.to defend　2.assistant　3.When　4.in　5.outstanding　6.gifted　7.with　8.began　9.telescopes　bination
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。隨著人工智能的發展，機器及自動化給我們帶來了巨大的挑戰。那么，人類未來的命運究竟如何呢？本文對此進行了探討。
1.B　細節理解題。根據第三、四段可知，作者認為人類的第二大優勢在于每個人都是與眾不同、獨一無二和不可復制的。
2.D　觀點態度題。根據第五至七段可知，作者認為，在每一個領域，高科技、電子版和自動化不但沒有消滅實體的人或事物，反而促進了后者的發展。Spotify和FitBit是作者所列舉的高科技的代表事物。由此判斷作者的態度是感激的。
3.A　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二、三段可知，作者講這個故事，表面是說明小孩的暴力傾向。其隱含的思想是：文明的人類會控制暴力沖動，而那些不具有文明特征的機器則就不好說了。
4.A　細節理解題。根據最后一段可知，作者最終的結論是：相比機器人，人類有明顯的競爭優勢，不過兩者將會和諧共處。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在鯊魚的幫助下，科學家們發現了世界上已知的最大的海草草地。
5.C　段落大意題。根據第二段可知，本段主要說明了海草草地的各種好處，包括凈化海水、為海洋動物提供食物和棲息地，以及對抗氣候變化等。
6.B　細節理解題。根據第五、六段可知，科學家的操作流程為：捕捉鯊魚、安裝攝像頭、放掉鯊魚、鯊魚協助拍攝、攝像頭自動脫落漂到水面、科學家收集攝像頭。
7.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，科學家最后得到的結果是：發現了比之前預估多出40%的海草草地！這自然是“意外的驚喜”。
8.C　標題歸納題。綜合全文可知，本文主要告訴我們：在鯊魚的幫助下，科學家們發現了世界上已知的最大的海草草地。因此C項最適合作文章標題。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Jade在12歲時決定去北極滑雪，經過兩年的訓練，她做好準備并且創造了歷史，成為最年輕的滑雪到北極的人。
9.B　根據下文to ski at the North Pole可知，Jade決定去北極滑雪。
10.C　根據下文She ran with giant tyres attached to her waist to可知，Jade鍛煉的是自己的力量。
11.B　根據語境可知，她腰上系著巨大的輪胎，是為了感受拉雪橇穿越冰面的感覺。
12.A　參見上題解析。
13.D　根據下文描述冰天雪地的環境可知，Jade已經準備好去北極滑雪了。
14.A　根據下文the tough conditions可知，雖然條件艱苦，但是Jade還是去勇敢面對。
15.D　根據上文Even though every part of her body was以及上一段中提到她腰上系輪胎以感受拉雪橇穿過冰面的感覺可推知，Jade的身體遭受了艱苦鍛煉，每個部位都在疼痛。
16.C　根據下文becoming the youngest person to ski to the North Pole可知，Jade成為最年輕的滑雪到北極的人，創造了歷史，這是她的一次冒險。
17.B　參見上題解析。
18.C　Jade雖然在艱苦的條件中身體每個部位都在疼痛，但她還是成功滑雪到了北極。由此可知，她意識到每個人的身體都是驚人的，無論男女。
19.B　根據下文like “Make me a sandwich”可知，一些網絡霸凌者發布了“給我做個三明治”這樣刻薄的評論。
20.A　參見上題解析。
21.C　根據上文Make me a sandwich可知，這些霸凌者說“做三明治”是想說女性應該待在廚房做飯，而Jade用自己的行動證明了女性的位置不僅僅在廚房。
22.D　根據上文Jade and her team pushed on to the South Pole and made it可知，Jade和她的團隊前往南極并成功了，因此此刻她很自豪。
23.A　根據第一段中的to ski at the North Pole可知，這里指滑雪去南極。
Ⅲ.
The Scientist I Admire Most
Among numerous brilliant scientists who have changed the world， I admire Thomas Edison most.
Born in America in 1847， Thomas Edison is one of the greatest scientists in the history of mankind. During his lifetime， Edison invented many devices in fields such as electric power generation， mass communication， sound recording， and movies. Meanwhile， he received 1，093 US patents in a variety of fields. Because of his great contributions to humankind， he was ranked 9th among The 100 Most Influential Figures in American History.
Thomas Edison once said，“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” It was his hard work and perseverance that led to his incredible achievements， which， in my opinion， we should all learn from.
Ⅳ.
　　They say that one good deed deserves another.Mr Lim， our neighbour， came to learn of our situation and stepped in to help.He stated simply that it was his turn to repay the kindness that my parents had shown to him in the past.Through his connections， Mr Lim arranged for my father to consult a famous doctor.Not only was this doctor’s diagnosis of my father’s medical condition accurate， but he was also able to cure my father.Besides， he arranged for a loan for my father’s business.He also told my brothers and me that we should not give up our education.He then arranged to finance our education as long as we needed it.
With the help of Mr Lim， the situation in my family took a turn for the better.My father recovered from his illness gradually and his business recovered the next year.My father is now the proud owner of the village mini-market.Mr Lim has expanded his business， too.My brothers and I are among the top students in the school.Whenever my parents met up with Mr Lim， they would thank him for his past help.He would just shrug off their thanks and say simply that he was merely repaying a kindness.The children in both families have brotherly friendship now.The story between the Lim family and my family has proved a saying that kindness begets kindness.
6 / 6Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Part Ⅰ　Talk about scientific experiences
　　　　　　　　　　　　　聽說課前清障 ——排除疑難，胸有成竹
1.cast vt.投射；向……投以（視線、笑容等）；投擲
2.shadow n.陰影；影子；背光處
3.rainbow n.彩虹
4.pour vt.倒出；傾瀉；斟（飲料）
5.concrete n.混凝土
adj.混凝土制的；確實的；具體的
6.plasma n.血漿
7.field trip （常指學生）野外考察，實地考察，戶外教學
8.every colour of the rainbow五彩繽紛
9.sound like 聽起來像
10.They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times.
他們有一個鏡子大廳，在那里我可以看到自己被反射了數千次。
11.They had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while， and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it.
他們做了一個實驗，在實驗中我們在藍色屏幕上看了一會兒，然后突然我們可以看到微小的亮光在屏幕上移動。
12.For some reason， our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen， and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights.
出于某種原因，當看到藍色屏幕時，我們的眼睛會捉弄我們，我們可以看到自己的血細胞像小燈一樣四處移動。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　話題聽力提能 ——捕捉信息，精準判斷
聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第1段材料，回答第1、2題。
1.What does the woman regret？
A.Giving up her research.
B.Dropping out of college.
C.Changing her major.
2.What is the woman interested in studying now？
A.Ecology.　B.Education. C.Chemistry.
聽第2段材料，回答第3至5題。
3.Why does the woman meet the man？
A.To look at an apartment.
B.To deliver some furniture.
C.To have a meal together.
4.What does the woman like about the carpet？
A.Its colour. B.Its design. C.Its quality.
5.What does the man say about the kitchen？
A.It’s a good size.
B.It’s newly painted.
C.It’s adequately equipped.
聽第3段材料，回答第6至8題。
6.What is the man doing？
A.Making a reply.
B.Getting some advice.
C.Asking for information.
7.What sport is the most popular at the camping center？
A.Horse-riding. B.Sailing. C.Boating.
8.When do groups always arrive at the camping center？
A.On Friday.
B.On Saturday.
C.On Sunday.
聽第4段材料，回答第9至12題。
A.Can it speak different languages？
B.It is even able to lead his way home.
C.You can talk to the robot or ask it questions.
D.There are more possibilities for our lives with them.
E.This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
9.Who is the speaker？
A.A guide. B.A teacher. C.A coach.
10.When will the students leave for the museum？
A.At 6：30. B.At 7：45. C.At 8：00.
11.What will the students do at 1：15？
A.See a film.
B.Meet at a café.
C.Visit a gallery.
12.Where can the students find more information？
A.From teachers.B.From a website.C.From a book.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　
話題表達實戰 ——聚焦主題，定向突破
　　下面對話中兩個人就社交機器人的功能展開了討論。
　　閱讀下面對話，根據語境選擇最佳選項。
W：Jim， whether in the home or the workplace， social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.
M：That’s it.Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way.　1　
W：I couldn’t agree more.While household robots today do the normal housework， social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.For example， these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. 　2　
M：Just like the Jibo robot， arranged to ship later this year， is designed to be a personalized assistant. 　3　 If necessary， you can even make requests for it to perform different tasks.
W：Hmm.Can it remind my grandpa to take medicine？
M：Of course.Just a piece of cake.　4　
W：Nice. 　5　
M：Yes.It can learn from communicating with others.That means， the more interaction the robot has with humans， the more it learns.
　　班會上，同學們就參觀科學博物館時的體驗進行了熱烈的討論。
　　閱讀并根據提示完成下面對話。
Wang Jian：It was amazing to experience such things in the museum.I never think 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （它能以固體的形式存在）.
Li Hong：I feel the same way.When I stood on the stage and touched the pole， my hair stood on end soon.I tried several times.2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （每次我這樣做的時候，都會發生這樣的事）.
Hui Fang：Almost everything is fresh to us. 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （通過這一次，我們知道我們還有許多東西要去學習）.
Li Daqing：I think we should often go to the museum.Only in this way can we know how light is reflected， what the strange thing means and so on.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　聽力技巧點撥 ——授之以漁，證之以例
如何解答推理判斷類聽力題
聽力主要考查學生以下四個方面的能力：①獲取事實性的具體信息；②對所聽內容做出簡單推斷；③理解說話者的意圖、觀點或態度；④理解主旨要義。推理判斷類聽力題主要考查學生對文章中隱含或深層含義的理解能力。它要求學生根據文章內容做出合乎邏輯的推斷，包括學生對作者觀點的理解、態度的判斷，對修辭、語氣、隱含意思等的理解。
高考聽力測試的推理判斷題主要有以下幾種類型，每種類型都有相應的信息詞，抓住信息詞就能明確關系：①對人物關系的判斷；②對談話場景、地點的判斷；③對談話人行為狀態的推測；④對數字的推理判斷；⑤對談話者態度的判斷。
【典例】　What does the man think of the movie？
A.Wonderful.　B.Average.　C.Terrible.
【聽力材料】
W：You went to the cinema last night？ What movie did you watch？
M：Hua Mulan.
W：What is it about？ Can you give me a simple introduction to its plot？
M：Sorry， I can’t.To be frank， I slept most of the time.
【分析】　此段對話中男士的最后一句話I slept most of the time說明這部電影非常枯燥，以至于他大部分時間在睡覺。故答案為C。
Part Ⅱ　Write about what makes a great scientist
1.Qian Xuesen changed his major to aviation because 　　　　.
A.he was not interested in his former major
B.he could get a well-paid job in the future
C.he felt it his duty to help his homeland
D.the country asked him to do so
2.What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the passage？
A.His strong interest in art like music and drawing.
B.His research in the United States.
C.His friends’ encouragement.
D.His habit of reading a lot.
3.How long did Qian Xuesen stay in the United States？
A.About 15 years.
B.About 20 years.
C.About 25 years.
D.About 30 years.
4.How was Hawking’s own theory proved correct？
A.Fred Hoyle admitted the mistake himself.
B.He worked with others to prove it true.
C.He pointed out and corrected Fred Hoyle’s mistake in maths.
D.Hawking was the most famous scientist in physics at the moment.
Step 1　品教材課文 Step 2　析寫作手法
THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort， achievement， and devotion， Qian was an extremely well-respected man. Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.[1]However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932， Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country. 　　[1]這是一個復合句。after引導時間狀語從句；because引導原因狀語從句。 Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s， Qian became a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology.As a graduate assistant at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s， Qian helped conduct important research into rocket propulsion， and in the 1940s， he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory， now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres. After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the US， Qian returned to China in 1955.He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.At that time， China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped.No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major， and there were no talents or experts in this field in China.Nevertheless， Qian did not let that discourage him from taking on the challenge.When he was asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？”， his reply was a determined “Why not？ We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.” [2]Under Qian’s leadership， China developed the Dongfeng missiles， followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.In 1970， China successfully launched its first man-made satellite， Dong Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket.Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecraft can also be traced back to Qian’s research， Qian earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”. 　　[2]這是一個簡單句。過去分詞短語followed by ...在句中作狀語。 Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable， especially in the area of frontier science research.However， what might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things， such as music and drawing.His deep appreciation for art often gave him inspiration in his scientific research. On 31 October 2009， the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death， and people honoured and remembered him in different ways. 　　該部分有兩個閱讀語篇，標題分別為THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE和A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，它們從不同的角度簡要敘述了科學家錢學森和史蒂芬·霍金的經歷、重要貢獻、性格特點以及他們所具備的科學素養。 第一篇文章THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE，首先用“否定詞＋比較級”的句式結構介紹錢學森在科學界的地位，然后用過去分詞短語作狀語及定語從句舉例說明他具體的科學家的品質。 第二、三段使用了in 1911、in 1932、 in 1935、 Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s、 during the 1930s、 in the 1940s等時間狀語介紹了錢學森在歸國前的成就。 第四段介紹了錢學森回國后克服困難的經歷。文中使用了poor、undeveloped和No等詞匯突出介紹了當時中國貧窮的現狀，然后使用過渡詞Nevertheless轉折到描寫錢學森研發導彈的決心。 第五段介紹了錢學森在航天科技領域所做的開創性工作——Dongfeng missiles、 the first generation of Long March rockets、 first man-made satellite、 much of the technology behind the Shenzhou spacecraft等等。因此錢學森贏得了“中國航天之父”的贊譽。 第六段介紹了錢學森廣泛的愛好，以及這些愛好對他開展科學研究的積極影響。 第七段介紹了錢學森的去世及其影響。
A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics.Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair， unable to move and using a computer to talk.[3]Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles， his world became one of abstract thought. 　　[3]這是一個復合句。since引導時間狀語從句；which引導定語從句。 Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to walk， as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964.In general， there were two main theories on the origin of the universe.The first was the steady state theory， which holds that the universe has no beginning or end.The other was the big bang theory， which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space.The biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle， a professor at Cambridge.During the question and answer period after one of Hoyle’s lectures， Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths.Once the maths was corrected， it showed that the big bang theory — and not the steady state theory — was true.Hawking’s own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers with telescopes.A star was born. So， what made Stephen Hawking a genius？ Besides being brilliant， he was brave， though sometimes careless in what he said or did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say， and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore， he was quite determined.This had helped him as a scientist， and had helped him even more in his fight against his disease.Above all， Hawking was willing to admit his faults.This odd combination of characteristics had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. 　　第二篇文章A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，重點講述了霍金早期成名的經歷，突出了他頑強地與疾病作斗爭、敢于質疑、堅持夢想、勇于承認錯誤等可貴品質。 第一段使用one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics介紹了霍金在科學界的地位。 第二段介紹了霍金的早期成就。文章通過“大爆炸”戰勝“穩恒態理論”的過程來介紹霍金理論的正確。 第三段以特殊疑問句開頭，告訴我們勇敢無畏、意志堅定和敢于承認錯誤是霍金身上體現出來的科學家的品質。 總的說來，兩篇文章具有以下特點： 1.按照時間順序展開，講述人物經歷； 2.兩個語篇都有效使用了一些銜接詞語，如： however、 nevertheless、because、in general、 besides、 furthermore、 above all等。
【參考譯文】
中國航天之父
也許再沒有哪一位科學家比錢學森對中國航天科學的影響更大了。錢學森備受人們的尊敬，《錢學森的故事》一書的作者稱他為一位具有“偉大科學思想和科學精神”的人，并且他熱愛祖國、甘于奉獻、成就斐然。
錢學森1911年生于上海，在北京上學，后來考入上海交通大學，學習鐵道機械工程。不過，1932年淞滬抗戰爆發后，錢學森意識到中國需要建設強大的空軍來保衛國家，因此決定改學航空專業。
1935年，錢學森前往美國讀研究生。二十世紀三四十年代，錢學森成為美國噴氣式飛機和火箭技術的先驅人物。二十世紀三十年代擔任加州理工學院的研究生助理時，錢學森協助開展火箭推進方面的重要研究工作。二十世紀四十年代，錢學森與其他幾人成立了噴氣推進實驗室，該實驗室現已成為美國宇航局領先的太空探索中心之一。
留學美國的最后幾年，錢學森克服困難，于1955年回到中國。他受到了祖國英雄般的歡迎，受命發展中國的火箭科學以及航天和導彈項目。那時候，中國還很貧窮，火箭科學尚不發達。中國沒有一所學院或大學開設火箭科學專業，而且沒有該領域的人才或專家。然而，錢學森并不氣餒，而是接受挑戰。有人問他：“我們中國人有可能制造出導彈嗎？”他的回答十分堅定：“有什么不能的，外國人能造出來的，我們中國人同樣能造得出來。”
在錢學森的領導下，中國研制出了“東風”導彈，緊接著又研制出第一代“長征”系列火箭。1970年，中國使用“長征”火箭成功發射本國第一顆人造衛星“東方紅一號”。由于“神舟”系列飛船的大部分技術也可追根溯源到錢學森的研究，因此錢學森被譽為“中國航天之父”。
錢學森博覽群書，尤其在前沿科學研究領域知識極其淵博。然而，他之所以能成為一名如此杰出、富有創造力的科學家，可能是因為他對音樂、繪畫等其他事物的濃厚興趣。他深厚的藝術鑒賞力時常給科研工作帶來靈感。
2009年10月31日，錢學森逝世，舉國哀痛，人們以各種方式紀念他、緬懷他。
一個純思維的世界
史蒂芬·霍金是物理學界最負盛名、最具天賦的科學家之一。大多數人都很熟悉他坐在輪椅上無法動彈、只能通過電腦來說話的樣子。他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎縮無力，他的世界變成了一個抽象思維的世界。
霍金最早成名于1964年，當時他身體健康，行動自如，是劍橋大學物理學研究生。總的來說，宇宙起源有兩大理論：第一個是穩恒態理論，認為宇宙無始無終；另一個是大爆炸理論，認為宇宙始于時空中的一個點。穩恒態概念的最大擁護者是劍橋大學的弗雷德·霍伊爾教授。在霍伊爾的一次講座中，霍金在問答環節站了起來，指出霍伊爾教授計算有誤。錯誤糾正之后顯示大爆炸理論而非穩恒態理論是正確的。不久，天文學家用望遠鏡觀察宇宙，驗證了霍金對大爆炸理論的研究。一位明星就此誕生。
那么，是什么使史蒂芬·霍金成為一名天才呢？除了才華橫溢之外，他還是一個勇敢的人，盡管有時候言行舉止比較隨意。他敢說別人不敢說的話，做別人不敢做的夢。此外，他意志堅定。無論是作為一位科學家，還是與病魔作斗爭，這種品質對他都大有幫助。最重要的是，霍金敢于承認錯誤。這些性格特點的奇特組合使得他成為二十世紀與二十一世紀最偉大的思想家之一。
Step 3　背出彩佳句
一、開門見山，指出要介紹的科學家的歷史地位
1.Born in 1911， he was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.生于1911年，他是20世紀最偉大的科學家之一。
2.As we all know， he is one of the most famous medical scientists in the 21st century in China.眾所周知，他是中國21世紀最著名的醫學科學家之一。
二、描寫要介紹的科學家的重要事跡
1.He got an award in 1998 for having played an important role in scientific research.
因為在科學研究中發揮了重要作用，他在1998年獲獎。
2.He is such a learned/strong-willed person that we all admire/respect him.
他是一個如此博學/意志堅強的人，我們都欽佩/尊敬他。
3.He devoted all his life to scientific research and his scientific findings have benefited people all over the world.
他一生致力于科學研究，他的科學發現使全世界人民受益。
三、總結概括科學家的品質
1.His efforts in protecting people’s health and lives are worth celebrating. Let’s salute him and give him the thumbs up！
他為保護人民健康和生命所做的努力值得慶賀。讓我們向他致敬，給他點贊！
2.Due to his great achievements and contributions， he was awarded State Preeminent Science and Technology Award in 2005， which is China’s top science award.
由于他的巨大成就和貢獻，他于2005年被授予國家最高科學技術獎，這是中國的最高科學獎。
　　牛頓是世界著名的科學家，關于他的故事有很多。請你根據他煮雞蛋的故事，以A Story of Newton為題寫一篇短文，并據此發表一下自己對科學精神的看法。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
一、合理布局，精心謀篇
二、遣詞造句，規范得體
1.使用gifted、 outstanding、 devoted、 forget、 so ...that ...及下列漢語提示簡要介紹著名科學家牛頓。
（1）牛頓是最杰出、最有天賦的科學家之一。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）牛頓是如此投入以至于他經常在日常生活中忘卻小事。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（3）用倒裝句升級句（2）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.根據下列漢語提示敘述牛頓煮雞蛋的過程。
（1）一個仆人為牛頓做飯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）他想要出去。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（3）他讓牛頓自己煮雞蛋。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（4）當仆人回來時，他發現鍋里正在煮的不是雞蛋而是一個懷表。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.根據下列漢語提示完成句子。
（1）我們應該知識淵博。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）我們應該全神貫注于我們正在做的事情。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（3）用not only ...but also ...的倒裝句合并句（1）和句（2）。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
三、恰當銜接，自然過渡
1.用定語從句和動詞-ing短語作狀語合并第2題中的句（1）、句（2）和句（3）。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.用what引導的主語從句和that引導的表語從句改寫第2題中的句（4）。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
四、認真謄寫，賞心悅目
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
核心詞匯集釋
break out （戰爭、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然開始；爆發
【教材原句】　However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932， Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.不過，1932年淞滬抗戰爆發后，錢學森意識到中國需要建設強大的空軍來保衛國家，因此決定改學航空專業。
【用法】
break away from　脫離/掙脫……
break in 插話；破門而入
break into 破門而入
break up 打碎；結束；（關系等）破裂
break down 出故障；壞掉；失敗；（身體等）垮掉；消除
【佳句】　Unluckily，a terrible quarrel broke out between my best friend and me. （求助信）
不幸的是，我最好的朋友和我發生了激烈的爭吵。
【練透】　用適當的介詞或副詞填空
①When the war broke 　　　　　　， the whole country was in a total mess.
②He broke 　　　　rudely，“I am not to blame.” Then he stormed out of the room in extreme anger.
③I am terribly sorry to hear that Tom and Mary have broken 　　　　　　.
【寫美】　完成句子
④Learning that my partner 　　　　　　　， I dashed to the hospital without hesitation like an arrow.得知我的搭檔病倒了，我毫不猶豫地像箭一樣沖向醫院。
defend vt.保衛；防守；辯解
【用法】
（1）defend ... from/against ...
　　　　 　　保護……免受……的傷害
defend oneself 為自己辯護；自衛
defend one’s beliefs/interests/rights
捍衛自己的信仰/利益/權利
（2）defence n. 保衛；保護；辯護
in defence of 保護；為……辯護
（3）defender n. 防守隊員，后衛；保護者，捍衛者
【佳句】　Mac jumped off the bike，seized the bike and threw it to the wolf with all his strength to defend himself. （讀后續寫之肢體動作描寫）
Mac跳下自行車，把它抓起來，用盡全力把它扔向狼來自衛。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The Great Wall was originally built in the Western Zhou period 　　　　　　（defend） against the attack of the enemies.
②She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if 　　　　　　defence.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③看到這條兇猛的蛇，他像箭一樣沖過去保護兒子。 （讀后續寫之肢體動作描寫）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（defend）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（defence）
in charge of主管；掌管；負責
【教材原句】　He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.
他受到了祖國英雄般的歡迎，受命發展中國的火箭科學以及航天和導彈項目。
【用法】
（1）in the charge of　由……負責；被……掌管
take charge of 負責/看管（表動作）
free of charge 免費
（2）charge （sb） for sth 為……（向某人）收費/要價
charge sb with （doing） sth
指控某人（做）某事
【佳句】　①As chairman of the Students’ Association， I was appointed to be in charge of arranging all the activities during your stay in Tianjin.
作為學生會主席，我被任命負責安排您在天津期間的所有活動。
②The company charged the man with neglecting his duty.
公司指控那名男子玩忽職守。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s cheeks， because he was charged 　　　　　　stealing the woman’s gold ring.She charged him much money 　　　　　　the stolen ring.Luckily， a kind-hearted lawyer offered to defend the boy free 　　　　　　charge.
【寫美】　一句多譯
②我負責學校廣播站的英語節目“Talk and Talk”。
→I 　　　　　　　　　　“Talk and Talk”， which is an English program in our school radio station.
→“Talk and Talk” is 　　　　　　　　　　， which is an English program in our school radio station.
come down with患（病）；染上（小病）
【教材原句】　Since he came down with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles， his world became one of abstract thought.
他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎縮無力，他的世界就變成了一個抽象思維的世界。
【用法】
come across　　　　（偶然）遇見，碰見；被理解
come about 發生（無被動形式）
come up 走近；上來；被提及
come up with 提出
when it comes to ... 當談到……
【佳句】　①Learning that you come down with a terrible disease， we are quite concerned about you.
得知你染上重病，我們非常擔心你。
②She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.
她想出了增加銷售量的新主意。
【練透】　用come的相關短語填空
①The instant I knew that my partner 　　　　　　　　　　　a severe illness，a wave of sadness and concern washed over me.
②I’ll never understand how it 　　　　　　　　　　　that you were an hour late for such an important meeting.
【寫美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I have the following practical suggestions to share with you.
談到英語學習，我有以下實用的建議與你們分享。
重點句型解構
句型公式：“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義
【教材原句】　Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.也許再沒有哪一位科學家比錢學森對中國航天科學的影響更大的了。
【用法】
否定詞＋比較級＝最高級，意為“沒有……更……的了；沒有像……一樣……”，常用的否定詞有no、 not、 never、 nothing、 nobody、 hardly等。
【品悟】　①As far as I’m concerned， nothing is more important than keeping healthy physically and mentally. （學校生活）
依我看來，沒有什么比保持身心健康更重要的了。
②After months of hard work， it couldn’t have been better to go for an outing to relax ourselves.
經過幾個月的辛苦工作，出去郊游放松一下再好不過了。
【寫美】　完成句子
①I am greatly convinced that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the group study room.
我深信沒有一個地方比小組學習室更適合學習了。
②Nobody 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.I can’t thank you enough.
沒有人比你更熱心了。我真是太感謝你了。
③The Shawshank Redemption is really fantastic！ I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　than it.
《肖申克的救贖》真是太棒了！我從來沒有看過比它更好的電影。
句型公式：過去分詞（短語）作狀語
【教材原句】　Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical Engineering.
錢學森1911年生于上海，在北京上學，后來考入上海交通大學，學習鐵道機械工程。
【用法】
（1）及物動詞的過去分詞（短語）作狀語表示被動和完成的動作；不及物動詞的過去分詞（短語）作狀語表示主動和完成的動作。
（2）過去分詞（短語）作狀語時其邏輯主語為主句的主語，此時應注意人稱一致。
【品悟】　Influenced by Steve Jobs， he focuses on details and seeks perfection in everything.
受史蒂夫·喬布斯的影響，他凡事注重細節，追求完美。
【寫美】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　， Jane sat beside a tree and held her shoulders in her arms tightly to make herself warm. （讀后續寫之情緒描寫）
簡既害怕又沮喪，坐在一棵樹旁，用雙臂緊緊地抱住肩膀讓自己暖和點。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I decided to give it a try.
在老師話語的鼓勵下，我決定試一試。
句型公式：not only ... but also ...不僅……而且……
【教材原句】　He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.
他受到了祖國英雄般的歡迎，受命發展中國的火箭科學以及航天和導彈項目。
【用法】
（1）not only ... but also ...用于連接兩個表示并列關系的成分，著重強調后者，意為“不僅……而且……”；其中also有時可以省略。
（2）not only ... but also ...連接兩個句子，且not only位于句首時，not only后面的句子要用部分倒裝。
（3）not only ... but also ...連接的兩個成分作主語時，其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致。
【品悟】　Not only should we show respect for the great scientists， but we should also learn the scientific spirits from them.
我們不僅要尊重這些偉大的科學家，而且要學習他們的科學精神。
【寫美】　一句多譯/句型轉換
①我們不僅應該為他們籌集資金，而且應該幫助他們重建家園。
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， but we should also help them rebuild their homes.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， but we should also help them rebuild their homes.（倒裝句）
②The restaurant not only provides great food， but it also offers excellent service.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（倒裝句）
　　When the aerials are down， and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism， then you are grown old， even at 20， but as long as your aerials are up， to catch waves of optimism， there is hope you may die young at 80. 　　一旦天線降下，銳氣便被冰雪覆蓋，玩世不恭、自暴自棄油然而生，即便年方二十，實已垂垂老矣；然則只要豎起天線，捕捉樂觀信號，你就有望在八十高齡告別塵寰時仍覺年輕。
情感描寫 ①frustrated adj.懊惱的；沮喪的；失意的 ②determined adj.下定決心的，堅定的 ③willing adj.樂意的
動作描寫 ①suspect vt.& vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任 ②blame vt.把……歸咎于；責怪；指責 ③decrease vt.& vi.（使大小、數量等）減少；減小；降低 ④cast vt.投射；向……投以（視線、笑容等）；投擲 ⑤pour vt.倒出；傾瀉；斟（飲料） ⑥trace vt.追溯；追蹤；查出 ⑦defend vt.保衛；防守；辯解 ⑧assist vt.幫助；協助 ⑨break out（戰爭、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然開始；爆發
第一步：完成句子雛形現
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the woman’s gold ring，which cast a cloud of gloom over my face.
我被懷疑偷了這位女士的金戒指，這使我臉上蒙上了一層陰影。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 like a flood.
我是如此懊惱以至于淚水像洪水一樣順著臉頰流下來。
3.I thought why I should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我想我為什么要代人受過呢。
4.So I tried my best to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　my innocence.
因此我盡最大努力追蹤真正的小偷以捍衛我的清白。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　，I am greatly convinced that I will prove that I was wronged.在朋友們的幫助下，我深信我會證明我是被冤枉的。
第二步：句式升級造亮點
6.用倒裝句改寫句2
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第三步：過渡銜接連成篇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
Part Ⅰ　Talk about scientific experiences
【話題聽說·勤操練】
話題聽力提能
1－5　BAAAC　 6－10　CABBC　11－12　AB
聽力材料：
（Text 1）
W：The biggest mistake I made， uh ... was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education.So， I’m thinking of going back to school.
M：School？ To study what？
W：Ecology.I’m interested in the relationship between humans and nature.
M：Cool.Is it what you studied years ago？
W：No， I majored in chemistry then.
（Text 2）
W：Hi， I’ve only just arrived.
M：Oh， good.Now， here are the keys.Let’s go in.There are two apartments.The one for rent is on the right.Do come in.
W：Thank you.I like the carpet.The colour is nice， isn’t it？
M：Yes， and this apartment is in good condition.Here is your lounge.
W：Where would we eat？
M：There is this corner here， or you can use your kitchen.Come and see.
W：The kitchen is quite small.
M：Yes， but it has everything — cooker， fridge， even a dishwasher.
W：And there are lots of cupboards.
M：Let me show you the bedrooms.This is the smaller one.
W：It’s a good size， though.
M：Now come into the other bedroom.You can see the bathroom， too.
W：Yes.It is very nice， but I will have to ask my friend first.And we will come together.I understand it is $800 a month.
M：Yes， but a few blocks downtown would be much more expensive.
W：Well， thank you.I will be in touch.
（Text 3）
W：Good morning.Lake camping centre， can I help you？
M：Oh， yes.I’m interested in bringing a group of schoolchildren to your center this summer and I’d like some information.Could you tell me something about your center？
W：Certainly， sir.We’re a place where you can come and enjoy great fun.Whatever your goal is， our workers are on hand to help you.
M：I think we’d like to have an educational visit and some fun at the same time.I was thinking of some of our children who have failed exams and need to retake them next year.
W：I see.Well， we have teachers in different subjects at most levels and we offer sailing， volleyball， boating， and quite a few other sports.Most children have never tried horse-riding， so we offer courses in that too.It’s the most popular with children.
M：That sounds good.I’ll see if there is any interest and how many days could the children stay at your camping centre？
W：For one week.Groups always arrive on a Saturday evening and leave the following Sunday morning.
M：That would be fun.Now， about prices？
W：The cost would be 425 pounds per child and 480 pounds per adult.
M：Oh， okay.I’ll speak to my master and get back to you as soon as possible.
W：Good， I look forward to hearing from you.
（Text 4）
M：Good morning， everybody.Before we start the class today， I need to give you some information about our field trip on the 27th of May.As you know， we’re spending the day at The Science Museum in London.A coach will pick us up in the school car park.We’ll leave at 8 o’clock， so plan to be there at least fifteen minutes before that，7：45 at the latest.You’d better set your alarms for 6：30， okay？ If you’ve visited The Science Museum before， you’ll know that it’s enormous， and we can’t possibly see everything in one day.The Welcome Wing has three galleries which deal only with contemporary science.We’re going to have a guided tour of one of them.We’ve ordered lunch at the café， so we’ll all meet up there at 12：30.And don’t be late.We have to go to the cinema at 1：15.I think that’s all for now.Oh， one last thing.Check out The Science Museum website before we go.The more you read about it， the more interesting the visit will be.
話題表達實戰
Scene One
1－5　DECBA
Scene Two
1.it can exist in the form of a solid
2.It occurred again every time I did it
3.Through this， we know that there are many things for us to learn
Part Ⅱ　Write about what makes a great scientist
【速讀語篇·知文意】
1－4　CABC
【演練佳作·寫美文】
寫作步驟
二、1.（1）Newton is one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists.
（2）Newton was so devoted that he often forgot the little things in his daily life.
（3）So devoted was Newton that he often forgot the little things in his daily life.
2.（1）A servant cooked for Newton.
（2）He wanted to go out.
（3）He asked Newton to cook the eggs himself.
（4）When the servant came back，he found that not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot.
3.（1）We should be knowledgeable.
（2）We should focus on what we are doing.
（3）Not only should we be knowledgeable， but we should also focus on what we are doing.
三、1.A servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out， asking Newton to cook the eggs himself.
2.When the servant came back， what he found was that not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot.
四、
　　Newton is one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists.So devoted was Newton that he often forgot the little things in his daily life.
Once， a servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out， asking Newton to cook the eggs himself.However， when the servant came back，what he found was that not eggs but a pocket watch was being cooked in the pot.
From the story we can learn that to be an outstanding scientist，not only should we be knowledgeable， but we should also focus on what we are doing.
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①out　②in　③up　④broke down
2.①to defend　②in　③rushed to defend his son like an arrow； rushed in defence of his son like an arrow
3.①with； for； of　②take charge of/am in charge of； in the charge of me
4.①came down with　②came about　③When it comes to English learning
重點句型解構
1.①no place is more suitable for studying than　②is more warm-hearted than you　③have never seen a better movie
2.①Scared and frustrated　②Encouraged by my teacher’s words
3.①should not only raise money for them； Not only should we raise money for them　②Not only does the restaurant provide great food， but it also offers excellent service.
【教材詞匯·練續寫】
第一步
1.I was suspected of stealing
2.I was so frustrated that tears poured down my cheeks
3.take the blame for somebody else
4.trace the real thief to defend
5.With my friends assisting me
第二步
6.So frustrated was I that tears poured down my cheeks like a flood.
第三步
　　I was suspected of stealing the woman’s gold ring， which cast a cloud of gloom over my face. So frustrated was I that tears poured down my cheeks like a flood. Then I thought why I should take the blame for somebody else. So I tried my best to trace the real thief to defend my innocence. With my friends assisting me， I am greatly convinced that I will prove that I was wronged.
15 / 15(共153張PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
1
Part Ⅰ　Talk about scientific experiences
目 錄
2
Part Ⅱ　Write about what makes a great scientist
Part Ⅰ　Talk about scientific experiences
1
　　　　　　　　　　　聽說課前清障　——排除疑難，胸有成竹
1. cast vt.投射；向……投以（視線、笑容等）；投擲
2. shadow n.陰影；影子；背光處
3. rainbow n.彩虹
4. pour vt.倒出；傾瀉；斟（飲料）
5. concrete n.混凝土
adj.混凝土制的；確實的；具體的
6. plasma n.血漿
7. field trip （常指學生）野外考察，實地考察，戶外教學
8. every colour of the rainbow五彩繽紛
9. sound like 聽起來像
10. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected
thousands of times.他們有一個鏡子大廳，在那里我可以看到自己
被反射了數千次。
11. They had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a
while， and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving
around on it.
他們做了一個實驗，在實驗中我們在藍色屏幕上看了一會兒，然
后突然我們可以看到微小的亮光在屏幕上移動。
12. For some reason， our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue
screen， and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little
lights.
出于某種原因，當看到藍色屏幕時，我們的眼睛會捉弄我們，我
們可以看到自己的血細胞像小燈一樣四處移動。
　　　　　　　　　　　話題聽力提能　——捕捉信息，精準判斷
聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中
所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你
將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘
的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第1段材料，回答第1、2題。
1. What does the woman regret？
A. Giving up her research.
B. Dropping out of college.
C. Changing her major.
2. What is the woman interested in studying now？
A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry.
聽第2段材料，回答第3至5題。
3. Why does the woman meet the man？
A. To look at an apartment.
B. To deliver some furniture.
C. To have a meal together.
4. What does the woman like about the carpet？
A. Its colour. B. Its design. C. Its quality.
5. What does the man say about the kitchen？
A. It’s a good size.
B. It’s newly painted.
C. It’s adequately equipped.
聽第3段材料，回答第6至8題。
6. What is the man doing？
A. Making a reply.
B. Getting some advice.
C. Asking for information.
7. What sport is the most popular at the camping center？
A. Horse-riding. B. Sailing. C. Boating.
8. When do groups always arrive at the camping center？
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday.
C. On Sunday.
聽第4段材料，回答第9至12題。
9. Who is the speaker？
A. A guide. B. A teacher. C. A coach.
10. When will the students leave for the museum？
A. At 6：30. B. At 7：45. C. At 8：00.
11. What will the students do at 1：15？
A. See a film.
B. Meet at a café.
C. Visit a gallery.
12. Where can the students find more information？
A. From teachers.
B. From a website.
C. From a book.
聽力材料：
A. Can it speak different languages？
B. It is even able to lead his way home.
C. You can talk to the robot or ask it questions.
D. There are more possibilities for our lives with them.
E. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
W：The biggest mistake I made， uh ... was leaving college in my last
year and not completing my education.So， I’m thinking of going back
to school.
M：School？ To study what？
W：Ecology.I’m interested in the relationship between humans and
nature.
M：Cool.Is it what you studied years ago？
W：No， I majored in chemistry then.
（Text 2）
W：Hi， I’ve only just arrived.
（Text 1）
M：Oh， good.Now， here are the keys.Let’s go in.There are two
apartments.The one for rent is on the right.Do come in.
W：Thank you.I like the carpet.The colour is nice， isn’t it？
M：Yes， and this apartment is in good condition.Here is your lounge.
W：Where would we eat？
M：There is this corner here， or you can use your kitchen.Come and
see.
W：The kitchen is quite small.
M：Yes， but it has everything — cooker， fridge， even a dishwasher.
W：And there are lots of cupboards.
M：Let me show you the bedrooms.This is the smaller one.
W：It’s a good size， though.
M：Now come into the other bedroom.You can see the bathroom， too.
W：Yes.It is very nice， but I will have to ask my friend first.And we
will come together.I understand it is $800 a month.
M：Yes， but a few blocks downtown would be much more expensive.
W：Well， thank you.I will be in touch.
（Text 3）
W：Good morning.Lake camping centre， can I help you？
M：Oh， yes.I’m interested in bringing a group of schoolchildren to
your center this summer and I’d like some information.Could you tell me
something about your center？
W：Certainly， sir.We’re a place where you can come and enjoy great
fun.Whatever your goal is， our workers are on hand to help you.
M：I think we’d like to have an educational visit and some fun at the
same time.I was thinking of some of our children who have failed exams
and need to retake them next year.
W：I see.Well， we have teachers in different subjects at most levels and
we offer sailing， volleyball， boating， and quite a few other
sports.Most children have never tried horse-riding， so we offer courses in
that too.It’s the most popular with children.
M：That sounds good.I’ll see if there is any interest and how many days
could the children stay at your camping centre？
W：For one week.Groups always arrive on a Saturday evening and leave
the following Sunday morning.
M：That would be fun.Now， about prices？
W：The cost would be 425 pounds per child and 480 pounds per adult.
M：Oh， okay.I’ll speak to my master and get back to you as soon as
possible.
W：Good， I look forward to hearing from you.
（Text 4）
M：Good morning， everybody.Before we start the class today， I need
to give you some information about our field trip on the 27th of May.As
you know， we’re spending the day at The Science Museum in
London.A coach will pick us up in the school car park.We’ll leave at 8
o’clock， so plan to be there at least fifteen minutes before that，7：45
at the latest.You’d better set your alarms for 6：30， okay？ If you’ve
visited The Science Museum before， you’ll know that it’s enormous，
and we can’t possibly see everything in one day.The Welcome Wing has
three galleries which deal only with contemporary science.We’re going
to have a guided tour of one of them.
We’ve ordered lunch at the café， so we’ll all meet up there at 12：
30.And don’t be late.We have to go to the cinema at 1：15.I think
that’s all for now.Oh， one last thing.Check out The Science Museum
website before we go.The more you read about it， the more interesting
the visit will be.
　　　　　　　　　　話題表達實戰　——聚焦主題，定向突破
　　下面對話中兩個人就社交機器人的功能展開了討論。
　　閱讀下面對話，根據語境選擇最佳選項。
W：Jim， whether in the home or the workplace， social robots are going
to become a lot more common in the next few years.
M：That’s it.Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday
world in a more humanized way. 　1　
W：I couldn’t agree more.While household robots today do the normal
housework， social robots will be much more like companions than mere
tools.For example， these robots will be able to distinguish when someone
is happy or sad. 　2　
M：Just like the Jibo robot， arranged to ship later this year， is designed
to be a personalized assistant. 　3　 If necessary， you can even make
requests for it to perform different tasks.
W：Hmm.Can it remind my grandpa to take medicine？
M：Of course.Just a piece of cake. 　4　
W：Nice. 　5　
M：Yes.It can learn from communicating with others.That means， the
more interaction the robot has with humans， the more it learns.
答案：1－5　DECBA
　　班會上，同學們就參觀科學博物館時的體驗進行了熱
烈的討論。
　　閱讀并根據提示完成下面對話。
Wang Jian：It was amazing to experience such things in the museum.I
never think 1. （它能以固體的形式
存在）.
it can exist in the form of a solid　
Li Hong：I feel the same way.When I stood on the stage and touched the
pole， my hair stood on end soon.I tried several times.2.
（每次我這樣做的時候，都會發生這樣的
事）.
Hui Fang：Almost everything is fresh to us. 3.
（通過這一次，我們知道我
們還有許多東西要去學習）.
Li Daqing：I think we should often go to the museum.Only in this way
can we know how light is reflected， what the strange thing means and so
on.
It occurred
again every time I did it　
Through this， we know
that there are many things for us to learn　
　　　　　　　　　　　聽力技巧點撥　——授之以漁，證之以例
如何解答推理判斷類聽力題
聽力主要考查學生以下四個方面的能力：①獲取事實性的具體信
息；②對所聽內容做出簡單推斷；③理解說話者的意圖、觀點或態
度；④理解主旨要義。推理判斷類聽力題主要考查學生對文章中隱含
或深層含義的理解能力。它要求學生根據文章內容做出合乎邏輯的推
斷，包括學生對作者觀點的理解、態度的判斷，對修辭、語氣、隱含
意思等的理解。
高考聽力測試的推理判斷題主要有以下幾種類型，每種類型都有
相應的信息詞，抓住信息詞就能明確關系：①對人物關系的判斷；②
對談話場景、地點的判斷；③對談話人行為狀態的推測；④對數字的
推理判斷；⑤對談話者態度的判斷。
【典例】　What does the man think of the movie？
A. Wonderful. B. Average. C. Terrible.
【聽力材料】
W：You went to the cinema last night？ What movie did you watch？
M：Hua Mulan.
W：What is it about？ Can you give me a simple introduction to its plot？
M：Sorry， I can’t.To be frank， I slept most of the time.
【分析】　此段對話中男士的最后一句話I slept most of the time說明這
部電影非常枯燥，以至于他大部分時間在睡覺。故答案為C。
Part Ⅱ　Write about what makes a great scientist
2
1. Qian Xuesen changed his major to aviation because 　　　　.
A. he was not interested in his former major
B. he could get a well-paid job in the future
C. he felt it his duty to help his homeland
D. the country asked him to do so
2. What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the
passage？
A. His strong interest in art like music and drawing.
B. His research in the United States.
C. His friends’ encouragement.
D. His habit of reading a lot.
3. How long did Qian Xuesen stay in the United States？
A. About 15 years. B. About 20 years.
C. About 25 years. D. About 30 years.
4. How was Hawking’s own theory proved correct？
A. Fred Hoyle admitted the mistake himself.
B. He worked with others to prove it true.
C. He pointed out and corrected Fred Hoyle’s mistake in maths.
D. Hawking was the most famous scientist in physics at the moment.
Step 1　品教材課文
THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE
Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s
aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.Described by the authors of the Story
of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific
spirit” who was patriotic and served his homeland with effort，
achievement， and devotion， Qian was an extremely well-respected
man.
Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in Beijing and then
entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical
Engineering.[1]However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，
Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised
that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the
country.
[1]這是一個復合句。after引導時間狀語從句；because引導原因
狀語從句。
Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate
studies.Over the course of the 1930s and 1940s， Qian became a pioneer
in American jet and rocket technology.As a graduate assistant at the
California Institute of Technology during the 1930s， Qian helped conduct
important research into rocket propulsion， and in the 1940s， he and
several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory， now one of
NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.
After overcoming some difficulties during his final few years in the
US， Qian returned to China in 1955.He received a hero’s welcome
from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China’s
rocket science but also its space and missile programme.At that time，
China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped.No institute or
university in China offered rocket science as a major， and there were no
talents or experts in this field in China.Nevertheless， Qian did not let that
discourage him from taking on the challenge.When he was asked “Can
we Chinese possibly make missiles？”， his reply was a determined
“Why not？
We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”
[2]Under Qian’s leadership， China developed the Dongfeng
missiles， followed by the first generation of Long March rockets.In
1970， China successfully launched its first man-made satellite， Dong
Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket.Because much of the
technology behind the Shenzhou spacecraft can also be traced back to
Qian’s research， Qian earned the name of “the father of China’s
aerospace”.
[2]這是一個簡單句。過去分詞短語followed by ...在句中
作狀語。
Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable， especially in the
area of frontier science research.However， what might have made him
such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest
in other things， such as music and drawing.His deep appreciation for art
often gave him inspiration in his scientific research.
On 31 October 2009， the whole country was saddened by Qian’s
death， and people honoured and remembered him in different ways. 　　
A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT
Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in
physics.Most people are familiar with images of him in his wheelchair，
unable to move and using a computer to talk.[3]Since he came down with
a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles， his
world became one of abstract thought.
[3]這是一個復合句。since引導時間狀語從句；which引導定
語從句。
Hawking first achieved fame when he was still healthy enough to
walk， as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in
1964.In general， there were two main theories on the origin of the
universe.The first was the steady state theory， which holds that the
universe has no beginning or end.The other was the big bang theory，
which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space.The
biggest champion of the steady state concept was Fred Hoyle， a professor
at Cambridge.During the question and answer period after one of
Hoyle’s lectures， Hawking stood up and pointed out that Hoyle had
made a mistake in his maths.Once the maths was corrected， it showed
that the big bang theory — and not the steady state theory — was
true.Hawking’s own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by
astronomers with telescopes.A star was born.
So， what made Stephen Hawking a genius？ Besides being
brilliant， he was brave， though sometimes careless in what he said or
did.He was willing to say what others were afraid to say， and to dream of
what others were afraid to dream about.Furthermore， he was quite
determined.This had helped him as a scientist， and had helped him even
more in his fight against his disease.Above all， Hawking was willing to
admit his faults.This odd combination of characteristics had made him one
of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries. 　　
Step 2　析寫作手法
該部分有兩個閱讀語篇，標題分別為THE FATHER OF
CHINA’S AEROSPACE和A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，它們從
不同的角度簡要敘述了科學家錢學森和史蒂芬·霍金的經歷、重要貢
獻、性格特點以及他們所具備的科學素養。
第一篇文章THE FATHER OF CHINA’S AEROSPACE，首先用
“否定詞＋比較級”的句式結構介紹錢學森在科學界的地位，然后用
過去分詞短語作狀語及定語從句舉例說明他具體的科學家的品質。
第二、三段使用了in 1911、in 1932、 in 1935、 Over the course of
the 1930s and 1940s、 during the 1930s、 in the 1940s等時間狀語介紹了
錢學森在歸國前的成就。
第四段介紹了錢學森回國后克服困難的經歷。文中使用了poor、
undeveloped和No等詞匯突出介紹了當時中國貧窮的現狀，然后使用過
渡詞Nevertheless轉折到描寫錢學森研發導彈的決心。
第五段介紹了錢學森在航天科技領域所做的開創性工作——
Dongfeng missiles、 the first generation of Long March rockets、 first
man-made satellite、 much of the technology behind the Shenzhou
spacecraft等等。因此錢學森贏得了“中國航天之父”的贊譽。
第六段介紹了錢學森廣泛的愛好，以及這些愛好對他開展科學研
究的積極影響。
第七段介紹了錢學森的去世及其影響。
第二篇文章A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHT，重點講述了霍金早
期成名的經歷，突出了他頑強地與疾病作斗爭、敢于質疑、堅持夢
想、勇于承認錯誤等可貴品質。
第一段使用one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics介
紹了霍金在科學界的地位。
第二段介紹了霍金的早期成就。文章通過“大爆炸”戰勝“穩恒
態理論”的過程來介紹霍金理論的正確。
第三段以特殊疑問句開頭，告訴我們勇敢無畏、意志堅定和敢于
承認錯誤是霍金身上體現出來的科學家的品質。
總的說來，兩篇文章具有以下特點：
1. 按照時間順序展開，講述人物經歷；
2. 兩個語篇都有效使用了一些銜接詞語，如： however、
nevertheless、because、in general、 besides、 furthermore、 above
all等。
【參考譯文】
中國航天之父
也許再沒有哪一位科學家比錢學森對中國航天科學的影響更大
了。錢學森備受人們的尊敬，《錢學森的故事》一書的作者稱他為一
位具有“偉大科學思想和科學精神”的人，并且他熱愛祖國、甘于奉
獻、成就斐然。
錢學森1911年生于上海，在北京上學，后來考入上海交通大學，
學習鐵道機械工程。不過，1932年淞滬抗戰爆發后，錢學森意識到中
國需要建設強大的空軍來保衛國家，因此決定改學航空專業。
1935年，錢學森前往美國讀研究生。二十世紀三四十年代，錢學
森成為美國噴氣式飛機和火箭技術的先驅人物。二十世紀三十年代擔
任加州理工學院的研究生助理時，錢學森協助開展火箭推進方面的重
要研究工作。二十世紀四十年代，錢學森與其他幾人成立了噴氣推進
實驗室，該實驗室現已成為美國宇航局領先的太空探索中心之一。
留學美國的最后幾年，錢學森克服困難，于1955年回到中國。他
受到了祖國英雄般的歡迎，受命發展中國的火箭科學以及航天和導彈
項目。那時候，中國還很貧窮，火箭科學尚不發達。中國沒有一所學
院或大學開設火箭科學專業，而且沒有該領域的人才或專家。然而，
錢學森并不氣餒，而是接受挑戰。有人問他：“我們中國人有可能制
造出導彈嗎？”他的回答十分堅定：“有什么不能的，外國人能造出
來的，我們中國人同樣能造得出來。”
在錢學森的領導下，中國研制出了“東風”導彈，緊接著又研制
出第一代“長征”系列火箭。1970年，中國使用“長征”火箭成功發
射本國第一顆人造衛星“東方紅一號”。由于“神舟”系列飛船的大
部分技術也可追根溯源到錢學森的研究，因此錢學森被譽為“中國航
天之父”。
　　錢學森博覽群書，尤其在前沿科學研究領域知識極其淵博。然
而，他之所以能成為一名如此杰出、富有創造力的科學家，可能是因
為他對音樂、繪畫等其他事物的濃厚興趣。他深厚的藝術鑒賞力時常
給科研工作帶來靈感。
2009年10月31日，錢學森逝世，舉國哀痛，人們以各種方式紀念
他、緬懷他。
一個純思維的世界
史蒂芬·霍金是物理學界最負盛名、最具天賦的科學家之一。大多
數人都很熟悉他坐在輪椅上無法動彈、只能通過電腦來說話的樣子。
他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎縮無力，他的世界變成了一個抽象思維
的世界。
霍金最早成名于1964年，當時他身體健康，行動自如，是劍橋大
學物理學研究生。總的來說，宇宙起源有兩大理論：第一個是穩恒態
理論，認為宇宙無始無終；另一個是大爆炸理論，認為宇宙始于時空
中的一個點。穩恒態概念的最大擁護者是劍橋大學的弗雷德·霍伊爾教
授。在霍伊爾的一次講座中，霍金在問答環節站了起來，指出霍伊爾
教授計算有誤。錯誤糾正之后顯示大爆炸理論而非穩恒態理論是正確
的。不久，天文學家用望遠鏡觀察宇宙，驗證了霍金對大爆炸理論的
研究。一位明星就此誕生。
那么，是什么使史蒂芬·霍金成為一名天才呢？除了才華橫溢之
外，他還是一個勇敢的人，盡管有時候言行舉止比較隨意。他敢說別
人不敢說的話，做別人不敢做的夢。此外，他意志堅定。無論是作為
一位科學家，還是與病魔作斗爭，這種品質對他都大有幫助。最重要
的是，霍金敢于承認錯誤。這些性格特點的奇特組合使得他成為二十
世紀與二十一世紀最偉大的思想家之一。
Step 3　背出彩佳句
一、開門見山，指出要介紹的科學家的歷史地位
1. Born in 1911， he was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.
生于1911年，他是20世紀最偉大的科學家之一。
2. As we all know， he is one of the most famous medical scientists in the
21st century in China.
眾所周知，他是中國21世紀最著名的醫學科學家之一。
二、描寫要介紹的科學家的重要事跡
1. He got an award in 1998 for having played an important role in
scientific research.因為在科學研究中發揮了重要作用，他在1998年
獲獎。
2. He is such a learned/strong-willed person that we all admire/respect
him.
他是一個如此博學/意志堅強的人，我們都欽佩/尊敬他。
3. He devoted all his life to scientific research and his scientific findings
have benefited people all over the world.
他一生致力于科學研究，他的科學發現使全世界人民受益。
三、總結概括科學家的品質
1. His efforts in protecting people’s health and lives are worth
celebrating. Let’s salute him and give him the thumbs up！
他為保護人民健康和生命所做的努力值得慶賀。讓我們向他致敬，
給他點贊！
2. Due to his great achievements and contributions， he was awarded
State Preeminent Science and Technology Award in 2005， which is
China’s top science award.
由于他的巨大成就和貢獻，他于2005年被授予國家最高科學技術
獎，這是中國的最高科學獎。
　　牛頓是世界著名的科學家，關于他的故事有很多。請你根據他煮
雞蛋的故事，以A Story of Newton為題寫一篇短文，并據此發表一下
自己對科學精神的看法。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
一、合理布局，精心謀篇
二、遣詞造句，規范得體
1. 使用gifted、 outstanding、 devoted、 forget、 so ...that ...及下列
漢語提示簡要介紹著名科學家牛頓。
（1）牛頓是最杰出、最有天賦的科學家之一。

（2）牛頓是如此投入以至于他經常在日常生活中忘卻小事。


Newton is one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists.　
　Newton was so devoted that he often forgot the little things in
his daily life.　
（3）用倒裝句升級句（2）


　So devoted was Newton that he often forgot the little things in
his daily life.　
2. 根據下列漢語提示敘述牛頓煮雞蛋的過程。
（1）一個仆人為牛頓做飯。

（2）他想要出去。

（3）他讓牛頓自己煮雞蛋。

A servant cooked for Newton.　
He wanted to go out.　
He asked Newton to cook the eggs himself.　
（4）當仆人回來時，他發現鍋里正在煮的不是雞蛋而是一個懷
表。


　When the servant came back，he found that not eggs but a
pocket watch was being cooked in the pot.　
3. 根據下列漢語提示完成句子。
（1）我們應該知識淵博。

（2）我們應該全神貫注于我們正在做的事情。

（3）用not only ...but also ...的倒裝句合并句（1）和句（2）。


We should be knowledgeable.　
We should focus on what we are doing.　
　Not only should we be knowledgeable， but we should also
focus on what we are doing.　
三、恰當銜接，自然過渡
1. 用定語從句和動詞-ing短語作狀語合并第2題中的句（1）、句（2）
和句（3）。
2. 用what引導的主語從句和that引導的表語從句改寫第2題中的句
（4）。


　A servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out， asking Newton
to cook the eggs himself.　
　When the servant came back， what he found was that not eggs but a
pocket watch was being cooked in the pot.　
四、認真謄寫，賞心悅目
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
參考范文：
Newton is one of the most outstanding and gifted scientists.So
devoted was Newton that he often forgot the little things in his daily life.
Once， a servant who cooked for Newton wanted to go out， asking
Newton to cook the eggs himself.However， when the servant came
back，what he found was that not eggs but a pocket watch was being
cooked in the pot.
From the story we can learn that to be an outstanding scientist，not
only should we be knowledgeable， but we should also focus on what we
are doing.
核心詞匯集釋
break out （戰爭、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然開始；爆發
【教材原句】　However， after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932，
Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised
that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the
country.不過，1932年淞滬抗戰爆發后，錢學森意識到中國需要建設
強大的空軍來保衛國家，因此決定改學航空專業。
【用法】
break away from　脫離/掙脫……
break in　　插話；破門而入
break into　　破門而入
break up　　打碎；結束；（關系等）破裂
break down　　出故障；壞掉；失敗；（身體等）垮掉；消除
【佳句】　Unluckily，a terrible quarrel broke out between my best
friend and me. 　（求助信）
不幸的是，我最好的朋友和我發生了激烈的爭吵。
【練透】　用適當的介詞或副詞填空
①When the war broke ， the whole country was in a total mess.
②He broke rudely，“I am not to blame.” Then he stormed out
of the room in extreme anger.
③I am terribly sorry to hear that Tom and Mary have broken .
out　
in　
up　
【寫美】　完成句子
④Learning that my partner ， I dashed to the hospital
without hesitation like an arrow.
得知我的搭檔病倒了，我毫不猶豫地像箭一樣沖向醫院。
broke down　
defend vt.保衛；防守；辯解
【用法】
（1）defend ... from/against ...　　　　　　　保護……免受……
的傷害
defend oneself　　為自己辯護；自衛
defend one’s beliefs/interests/rights　　捍衛自己的信仰/利益/權利
（2）defence n.　　保衛；保護；辯護
in defence of　　保護；為……辯護
（3）defender n.　　防守隊員，后衛；保護者，捍衛者
【佳句】　Mac jumped off the bike，seized the bike and threw it
to the wolf with all his strength to defend himself. 　（讀后續寫
之肢體動作描寫）
Mac跳下自行車，把它抓起來，用盡全力把它扔向狼來自衛。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①The Great Wall was originally built in the Western Zhou period
（defend） against the attack of the enemies.
②She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if
defence.
to
defend　
in　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③看到這條兇猛的蛇，他像箭一樣沖過去保護兒子。　（讀后續寫之
肢體動作描寫）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he
.（defend）
→Seeing the fierce snake， he
.（defence）
rushed to defend his son like an
arrow　
rushed in defence of his son like an
arrow　
in charge of主管；掌管；負責
【教材原句】　He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and
was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also
its space and missile programme.
他受到了祖國英雄般的歡迎，受命發展中國的火箭科學以及航天和導
彈項目。
【用法】
（1）in the charge of　由……負責；被……掌管
take charge of　　負責/看管（表動作）
free of charge　　免費
（2）charge （sb） for sth　　為……（向某人）收費/要價
charge sb with （doing） sth　　指控某人（做）某事
【佳句】　①As chairman of the Students’ Association， I was
appointed to be in charge of arranging all the activities during your stay in
Tianjin.
作為學生會主席，我被任命負責安排您在天津期間的所有活動。
②The company charged the man with neglecting his duty.公司指控那名
男子玩忽職守。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy’s cheeks， because
he was charged stealing the woman’s gold ring.She charged
him much money the stolen ring.Luckily， a kind-hearted lawyer
offered to defend the boy free charge.
with　
for　
of　
【寫美】　一句多譯
②我負責學校廣播站的英語節目“Talk and Talk”。
→I “Talk and Talk”， which is an
English program in our school radio station.
→“Talk and Talk” is ， which is an English
program in our school radio station.
take charge of/am in charge of　
in the charge of me　
come down with患（病）；染上（小病）
【教材原句】　Since he came down with a disease which caused him to
lose the use of most of his muscles， his world became one of abstract
thought.
他因患病致使其大部分肌肉萎縮無力，他的世界就變成了一個抽象思
維的世界。
come across　　　　　（偶然）遇見，碰見；被理解
come about　　發生（無被動形式）
come up　　走近；上來；被提及
come up with　　提出
when it comes to ...　　當談到……
【用法】
【佳句】　①Learning that you come down with a terrible disease， we
are quite concerned about you.
得知你染上重病，我們非常擔心你。
②She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.
她想出了增加銷售量的新主意。
【練透】　用come的相關短語填空
①The instant I knew that my partner a severe
illness，a wave of sadness and concern washed over me.
②I’ll never understand how it that you were an hour late
for such an important meeting.
【寫美】　完成句子
③ ， I have the following practical
suggestions to share with you.
談到英語學習，我有以下實用的建議與你們分享。
came down with　
came about　
When it comes to English learning　
重點句型解構
句型公式：“否定詞＋比較級”表達最高級含義
【教材原句】　Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on
China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.也許再沒有哪一位科學家
比錢學森對中國航天科學的影響更大的了。
【用法】
否定詞＋比較級＝最高級，意為“沒有……更……的了；沒有
像……一樣……”，常用的否定詞有no、 not、 never、 nothing、
nobody、 hardly等。
【品悟】　①As far as I’m concerned， nothing is more important
than keeping healthy physically and mentally. 　（學校生活）
依我看來，沒有什么比保持身心健康更重要的了。
②After months of hard work， it couldn’t have been better to go for an
outing to relax ourselves.
經過幾個月的辛苦工作，出去郊游放松一下再好不過了。
【寫美】　完成句子
①I am greatly convinced that
the group study room.
我深信沒有一個地方比小組學習室更適合學習了。
②Nobody .I can’t thank you enough.
沒有人比你更熱心了。我真是太感謝你了。
③The Shawshank Redemption is really fantastic！ I
than it.
《肖申克的救贖》真是太棒了！我從來沒有看過比它更好的電影。
no place is more suitable for studying
than　
is more warm-hearted than you　
have never seen a
better movie　
句型公式：過去分詞（短語）作狀語
【教材原句】　Born in Shanghai in 1911， Qian attended schools in
Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway
Mechanical Engineering.
錢學森1911年生于上海，在北京上學，后來考入上海交通大學，學習
鐵道機械工程。
【用法】
（1）及物動詞的過去分詞（短語）作狀語表示被動和完成的動作；
不及物動詞的過去分詞（短語）作狀語表示主動和完成的動作。
（2）過去分詞（短語）作狀語時其邏輯主語為主句的主語，此時應
注意人稱一致。
【品悟】　Influenced by Steve Jobs， he focuses on details and seeks
perfection in everything.
受史蒂夫·喬布斯的影響，他凡事注重細節，追求完美。
【寫美】　完成句子
① ， Jane sat beside a tree and held her
shoulders in her arms tightly to make herself warm. 　（讀后續寫之情緒
描寫）
簡既害怕又沮喪，坐在一棵樹旁，用雙臂緊緊地抱住肩膀讓自己
暖和點。
② ， I decided to give it a try.
在老師話語的鼓勵下，我決定試一試。
Scared and frustrated　
Encouraged by my teacher’s words　
句型公式：not only ... but also ...不僅……而且……
【教材原句】　He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and
was put in charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also
its space and missile programme.
他受到了祖國英雄般的歡迎，受命發展中國的火箭科學以及航天和導
彈項目。
【用法】
（1）not only ... but also ...用于連接兩個表示并列關系的成分，著
重強調后者，意為“不僅……而且……”；其中also有時可以省略。
（2）not only ... but also ...連接兩個句子，且not only位于句首
時，not only后面的句子要用部分倒裝。
（3）not only ... but also ...連接的兩個成分作主語時，其謂語通常
與靠近的主語保持一致。
【品悟】　Not only should we show respect for the great scientists， but
we should also learn the scientific spirits from them.
我們不僅要尊重這些偉大的科學家，而且要學習他們的科學精神。
【寫美】　一句多譯/句型轉換
①我們不僅應該為他們籌集資金，而且應該幫助他們重建家園。
→We ， but we should also help
them rebuild their homes.
→ ， but we should also help
them rebuild their homes.（倒裝句）
②The restaurant not only provides great food， but it also offers excellent
service.
→
（倒裝句）
should not only raise money for them　
Not only should we raise money for them　
Not only does the restaurant provide great food， but it also offers
excellent service.　
情
感
描
寫 ①frustrated adj.懊惱的；沮喪的；失意的
②determined adj.下定決心的，堅定的
③willing adj.樂意的
動
作
描
寫 ①suspect vt.& vi.懷疑；疑有；不信任
②blame vt.把……歸咎于；責怪；指責
③decrease vt.& vi.（使大小、數量等）減少；減小；降低
④cast vt.投射；向……投以（視線、笑容等）；投擲
⑤pour vt.倒出；傾瀉；斟（飲料）
⑥trace vt.追溯；追蹤；查出
⑦defend vt.保衛；防守；辯解
⑧assist vt.幫助；協助
⑨break out （戰爭、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然開始；爆發
第一步：完成句子雛形現
1. the woman’s gold ring，which cast a
cloud of gloom over my face.
我被懷疑偷了這位女士的金戒指，這使我臉上蒙上了一層陰影。
2. like a flood.
我是如此懊惱以至于淚水像洪水一樣順著臉頰流下來。
3. I thought why I should .
我想我為什么要代人受過呢。
I was suspected of stealing　
I was so frustrated that tears poured down my cheeks　
take the blame for somebody else　
4. So I tried my best to my innocence.
因此我盡最大努力追蹤真正的小偷以捍衛我的清白。
5. ，I am greatly convinced that I will
prove that I was wronged.
在朋友們的幫助下，我深信我會證明我是被冤枉的。
trace the real thief to defend　
With my friends assisting me　
第二步：句式升級造亮點
6. 用倒裝句改寫句2

So frustrated was I that tears poured down my cheeks like a flood.　
第三步：過渡銜接連成篇
　　





　　 　I was suspected of stealing the woman’s gold ring， which cast a
cloud of gloom over my face. So frustrated was I that tears poured down
my cheeks like a flood. Then I thought why I should take the blame for
somebody else. So I tried my best to trace the real thief to defend my
innocence. With my friends assisting me， I am greatly convinced that I
will prove that I was wronged.　
維度一：品句填詞
1. Stephen Hawking was known as an （優秀的）
physicist.
2. A heavy rain suddenly （傾瀉） down； as a result， the
sports meeting was put off.
3. On Friday night I had such a （生動的） dream that I can
still remember the terrible feeling.
outstanding　
poured　
vivid　
4. I strongly （懷疑） that he was lying to me
yesterday.
5. Look forward to your coming and （絕妙的）
performance.
6. If you always try to find f with others， it means that you have
gained another shortcoming.
7. A great many c measures have been taken by our government
to contain it.
8. It is acknowledged that reading lays a s foundation for further
learning.
suspect（ed）　
brilliant　
ault　
oncrete　
olid　
維度二：詞形轉換
1. Much to our joy， his health is getting （steady） better
with time going by.
2. Jenna got down to （make） sandwiches with her father
guiding her patiently.
3. In reality，the mechanic made a severe mistake，
（shift） nervously from one foot to another.
4. The new study’s （find） warn that the global warming
is becoming more and more serious.
steadily　
making　
shifting　
findings　
5. （initial）， it will do harm to our health and may cause
short-sightedness.
6. Stop the negative （think） and focus on solving those
problems.
7. I’m writing to apply for the job as an （assist） in your
travel agency.
8. No matter how （gift） you are， you alone cannot change
the world.
Initially　
thinking　
assistant　
gifted　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Thanks her patience and efforts， she finally contacted the man
who was charge of the company.
2. I have never taken part in a （meaningful）
activity than this one.
3. Though he came down a severe disease， he was still
willing （help） over the course of the project.
4. It is true that tea houses in Hangzhou trace back the Southern
Song Dynasty.
to　
in　
more meaningful　
with　
to help　
to　
5. I feel greatly honoured to （負責） the activity to
be held in the school lecture hall next Saturday.
6. Once conflicts （爆發） in the future， you must tell
me as soon as possible.
7. （從遠處看）， the island looked
like a cloud.
8. （受到人類活動的嚴重影
響）， many wild animals are in danger of extinction.
be in charge of　
break out　
Viewed/Seen from a distance　
Seriously affected by human activities　
維度四：課文語法填空
（一）
　　When Qian Xuesen was young， he realised China needed air force
1. （defend） the country， so he went to America to study
aviation. As a graduate 2. （assist） at the California
Institute of Technology， he helped conduct important research into rocket
propulsion. Finally， he became a pioneer in jet and rocket technology.
3. Qian Xuesen returned to China in 1955， he was put
4. charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also
its space and missile programme.
to defend　
assistant　
When　
in　
Under his leadership， China made 5. （outstand）
progress in rockets， missiles and man-made satellites. Because of this，
he earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”.
outstanding　
（二）
　　Stephen Hawking was a 6. （gift） scientist. Since he
came down 7. a disease causing him to lose the use of most of his
muscles， his world became one of abstract thought. There was a theory
on the origin of the universe explaining the universe 8.
（begin） at a single point in time and space. His own work on the big
bang theory was proven by astronomers with 9.
（telescope） and a new star was born. He was brilliant， brave and
determined. And he was willing to admit his faults. This odd
10. （combine） of characteristics had made him one of
the greatest thinkers of modern times.
gifted　
with　
began　
telescopes　
combination　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·武漢高二上學期期末考試）By now， you’ve probably
been warned that a robot is coming for your job.But rather than repeat the
warning， I’ve decided to throw down a challenge： man against
machine.
Start with the task we’re engaged in right now： communicating in
fluent language.We’re sharing abstract ideas through words that we
choose with an understanding of their difference and impact.
Here’s another inbuilt advantage we take for granted： as humans，
we are limited by design.We are bound in time： we die.We are bound in
space： we can’t be in more than one place at a time.
That means that when I speak to an audience， I am giving them
something special.It’s a custom-made， one-off， 100% robot-free
delivery， from today’s one-and-only Australian Chief Scientist.
Digital Alan seems to increase the appetite for human Alan， just as
Spotify can boost the demand for a musician’s live performances.
Thanks to technology， many goods and services are cheaper， better
and more accessible than ever before.We like our on-tap lectures and our
automated FitBit advice.
Online courses haven’t killed the bricks-and-mortar
university.FitBit hasn’t killed the personal trainer.On the contrary，
they’re all booming.
Here’s a third argument for the win.We humans have learned the
habit of civilisation.Let me illustrate this point by a story.
A few years ago， some researchers set out to investigate the way that
people interact with robots.They sent out a small robot to patrol （巡邏）
the local mall.That robot had a terrible time — and the villains of the story
were children.They kicked him， bullied him， smacked him in the head.
The point is not that the children were violent.The point is that the
adults were not.They controlled whatever primitive impulse （原始沖
動） they might have felt in childhood to smack something smaller and
weaker in the head.We call it civilisation.
Together， these points suggest to me that humanity has a powerful
competitive edge.We can coexist with our increasingly capable machines
and we can make space for the full breadth of human talents to flourish.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。隨著人工智能的發展，機器及自動
化給我們帶來了巨大的挑戰。那么，人類未來的命運究竟如何呢？
本文對此進行了探討。
本文是一篇議論文。隨著人工智能的發展，機器及自動
化給我們帶來了巨大的挑戰。那么，人類未來的命運究竟如何呢？
本文對此進行了探討。
1. What’s humans’ second advantage according to the author？
A. Our language ability.
B. Our unique existence.
C. Our super intelligence.
D. Our special personality.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第三、四段可知，作者認為人類的第
二大優勢在于每個人都是與眾不同、獨一無二和不可復制的。
2. What’s the author’s attitude towards Spotify and FitBit？
A. Negative. B. Doubtful.
C. Confused. D. Grateful.
解析：　觀點態度題。根據第五至七段可知，作者認為，在每一
個領域，高科技、電子版和自動化不但沒有消滅實體的人或事物，
反而促進了后者的發展。Spotify和FitBit是作者所列舉的高科技的
代表事物。由此判斷作者的態度是感激的。
3. Why does the author tell the story of a small robot？
A. To prove humans are well-educated.
B. To show children are naughty in nature.
C. To suggest machines will become violent.
D. To indicate machines aren’t that dangerous.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二、三段可知，作者講這個故
事，表面是說明小孩的暴力傾向。其隱含的思想是：文明的人類會
控制暴力沖動，而那些不具有文明特征的機器則就不好說了。
4. What’s the author’s final conclusion about humans and machines？
A. We’ll live in harmony with each other.
B. Both sides would be losers in the fight.
C. Humans will completely defeat machines.
D. Machines will replace humans in many fields.
解析：　細節理解題。根據最后一段可知，作者最終的結論是：
相比機器人，人類有明顯的競爭優勢，不過兩者將會和諧共處。
B
（2024·山東六校高二下學期聯考）Scientists have discovered the
world’s largest known field of sea grass.They did it using videos shot by
some unusual helpers： tiger sharks.The work should help protect the sea
grass， and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean.
Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters
near coasts.They grow in thick fields， known as meadows （草地）.Sea
grass meadows help clean the ocean’s water， and provide food and
shelter for many sea creatures.Importantly， sea grass meadows also help
in the fight against the climate crisis.That’s because they store huge
amounts of carbon — the harmful pollution that’s making global
warming worse.
But though they’re very important， scientists don’t have a good
idea of the size and number of the world’s sea grass meadows.The
meadows can be hard to spot and the ocean is so huge that it’s not simply
possible to study it all by diving.
So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the
research.Tiger sharks are huge， strong， and deadly.But they also live
underwater， are fast swimmers， and spend a lot of time in sea grass
meadows.
Between 2016 and 2020， a team of researchers attached cameras and
other trackers to the fins of seven tiger sharks.After catching the sharks，
the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment， then let them go
again.
The cameras were designed to fall off after a few hours and float to
the surface.Tracking signals helped the scientists find the floating cameras
and collect the videos the sharks had taken.The scientists were left with
hours of videos taken as the sharks travelled for miles over the sea floor.
Putting all this information together， the scientists learned that the
meadow covers at least 25，500 square miles， and could be as large as
35，500 square miles.The discovery means that the world has roughly
40% more sea grass meadows than scientists previously
thought.However， much still remains to be done to protect them.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。在鯊魚的幫助下，科學家們發現了
世界上已知的最大的海草草地。
本文是一篇說明文。在鯊魚的幫助下，科學家們發現了
世界上已知的最大的海草草地。
5. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？
A. How sea grass meadows grow.
B. Where sea grass meadows grow.
C. The benefits of sea grass meadows.
D. The problems of sea grass meadows.
解析：　段落大意題。根據第二段可知，本段主要說明了海草草
地的各種好處，包括凈化海水、為海洋動物提供食物和棲息地，以
及對抗氣候變化等。
6. When were the tiger sharks let go by the scientists？
A. After collecting the videos.
B. Before shooting the videos.
C. After finding the cameras.
D. Before attaching the trackers.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第五、六段可知，科學家的操作流程
為：捕捉鯊魚、安裝攝像頭、放掉鯊魚、鯊魚協助拍攝、攝像頭自
動脫落漂到水面、科學家收集攝像頭。
7. What does the discovery mean to the scientists according to the last
paragraph？
A. A wake-up call.
B. An unexpected blow.
C. A promising future.
D. A pleasant surprise.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，科學家最后得到的結
果是：發現了比之前預估多出40%的海草草地！這自然是“意外的
驚喜”。
8. What would be the most suitable title for the text？
A. Sea Grass Meadows Are Fighting Global Warming
B. Sea Grass Meadows Do Good to Oceans and Sharks
C. Sharks Help Discover World’s Largest Sea Grass Meadow
D. Scientists Try to Research Sharks and Sea Grass Meadows
解析：　標題歸納題。綜合全文可知，本文主要告訴我們：在鯊
魚的幫助下，科學家們發現了世界上已知的最大的海草草地。因此
C項最適合作文章標題。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·重慶高二下學期月考）Jade lives in Australia， a country
famous for kangaroos， but not for snow.Yet at 12， she 　9　 to ski at
the North Pole.
Despite the lack of authentic training space， Jade still built
her 　10　 at the gym.She ran with giant tyres attached to her waist
to 　11　 what it was like to 　12　 a sled across ice.By the age of 14，
Jade was 　13　.
The far north is not a blank carpet of soft snow， but Jade 　14　 the
tough conditions.Even though every part of her body was 　15　， she
never thought of giving up.In April 2021， Jade made 　16　，
becoming the youngest person to ski to the North Pole.
When talking about her 　17　， she stated that every human body
is 　18　， whether you are a man or a woman.But when the talk
was 　19　online， some Internet bullies （霸凌者） wrote
mean 　20　 like “Make me a sandwich”， to make her feel small.
To prove women’s place is far beyond the 　21　， Jade and her
team pushed on to the South Pole and made it.Holding a plate with a
sandwich， Jade 　22　 had her photo taken and posted online.She dared
the bullies，“I made you a sandwich.Now 　23　 37 days and 600km to
the South Pole， and you can eat it.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Jade在12歲時決定去北極滑雪，經過
兩年的訓練，她做好準備并且創造了歷史，成為最年輕的滑雪到北
極的人。
本文是一篇記敘文。Jade在12歲時決定去北極滑雪，經過
兩年的訓練，她做好準備并且創造了歷史，成為最年輕的滑雪到北
極的人。
9. A. managed B. decided
C. offered D. afforded
解析：　根據下文to ski at the North Pole可知，Jade決定去北
極滑雪。
10. A. career B. confidence
C. strength D. team
解析：　根據下文She ran with giant tyres attached to her waist to
可知，Jade鍛煉的是自己的力量。
11. A. tell B. feel C. remember D. share
解析：　根據語境可知，她腰上系著巨大的輪胎，是為了感受
拉雪橇穿越冰面的感覺。
12. A. pull B. stretch C. push D. carry
解析：　參見上題解析。
13. A. mature B. determined
C. available D. ready
解析：　根據下文描述冰天雪地的環境可知，Jade已經準備好去
北極滑雪了。
14. A. braved B. improved
C. predicted D. identified
解析：　根據下文the tough conditions可知，雖然條件艱苦，但
是Jade還是去勇敢面對。
15. A. working B. refusing
C. bleeding D. aching
解析：　根據上文Even though every part of her body was以及上
一段中提到她腰上系輪胎以感受拉雪橇穿過冰面的感覺可推知，
Jade的身體遭受了艱苦鍛煉，每個部位都在疼痛。
16. A. progress B. promises
C. history D. efforts
解析：　根據下文becoming the youngest person to ski to the North
Pole可知，Jade成為最年輕的滑雪到北極的人，創造了歷史，這是
她的一次冒險。
17. A. hobby B. adventure
C. advantage D. award
解析：　參見上題解析。
18. A. complex B. beautiful
C. amazing D. valuable
解析：　Jade雖然在艱苦的條件中身體每個部位都在疼痛，但她
還是成功滑雪到了北極。由此可知，她意識到每個人的身體都是
驚人的，無論男女。
19. A. delivered B. posted
C. declared D. remarked
解析：　根據下文like “Make me a sandwich”可知，一些網絡
霸凌者發布了“給我做個三明治”這樣刻薄的評論。
20. A. comments B. suggestions
C. concerns D. greetings
解析：　參見上題解析。
21. A. gym B. field C. kitchen D. office
解析：　根據上文Make me a sandwich可知，這些霸凌者說“做
三明治”是想說女性應該待在廚房做飯，而Jade用自己的行動證
明了女性的位置不僅僅在廚房。
22. A. unwillingly B. casually
C. secretly D. proudly
解析：　根據上文Jade and her team pushed on to the South Pole
and made it可知，Jade和她的團隊前往南極并成功了，因此此刻她
很自豪。
23. A. ski B. walk C. run D. cycle
解析：　根據第一段中的to ski at the North Pole可知，這里指滑
雪去南極。
Ⅲ.應用文寫作
　　你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請你以The Scientist I Admire Most為
題寫一篇短文參賽，內容包括：
1. 誰是你最欽佩的科學家；
2. 對其進行簡要介紹；
3. 我們應該學習他（她）什么。
注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；
2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
參考范文：
The Scientist I Admire Most
Among numerous brilliant scientists who have changed the world， I
admire Thomas Edison most.
Born in America in 1847， Thomas Edison is one of the greatest
scientists in the history of mankind. During his lifetime， Edison invented
many devices in fields such as electric power generation， mass
communication， sound recording， and movies. Meanwhile， he
received 1，093 US patents in a variety of fields. Because of his great
contributions to humankind， he was ranked 9th among The 100 Most
Influential Figures in American History.
Thomas Edison once said，“Genius is one percent inspiration and
ninety-nine percent perspiration.” It was his hard work and perseverance
that led to his incredible achievements， which， in my opinion， we
should all learn from.
Ⅳ.讀后續寫
閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構
成一篇完整的短文。
When I was young， I lived in a small village in Melaka.The spirit of
neighbourliness was very strong then.The village had a variety of trades to
serve the needs of the villagers.There was a barber， tailor， coffee shop
owner， grocer， and so on.All of us were quite poor but we got
by.However， one family which could be considered as living a marginal
existence was the Lim family living in the bicycle shop opposite our
dwelling.
Mr Lim， the bicycle mechanic， had a large brood of children —
twelve to be exact.My mother was a kind-hearted soul.Often， she would
remark that his children were dressed in ragged clothes and looked
malnourished （營養不良的）.My family was relatively better off in the
village.My parents would bring over whatever food we could spare to the
Lim family.
I remember one particular year when times were very hard.Even my
family had to make do with two meals a day.We stopped the practice of
giving food to Mr Lim.One day， I noticed my mother looking
troubled.She had learned that the Lim family had not been eating for the
past two days.She decided to sacrifice a portion of our meals to the family
despite the protests from my brothers that were too hungry.Fortunately，
the difficult time did not last long， and the children in our family resumed
our three meals a day again.
As time went on， the number of customers at Lim’s shop had
increased rapidly.Business at his shop took off like a rocket as Japanese
bikes were very useful and popular for transport.They were much better
off than before.
It was at this time that my father’s health was worsening.We were
confused by the mysterious illness he was suffering from.Because of lack
of attention to his provision shop （食品店）， the business became
worse.My father then sold our family car to pay off the mounting bills.My
brothers and I had to stop schooling because we could not afford the fees.
注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右；
2. 請按如下格式作答。
They say that one good deed deserves another.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
With the help of Mr Lim， the situation in my family took a turn
for the better. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
參考范文：
They say that one good deed deserves another.Mr Lim， our
neighbour， came to learn of our situation and stepped in to help.He stated
simply that it was his turn to repay the kindness that my parents had shown
to him in the past.Through his connections， Mr Lim arranged for my
father to consult a famous doctor.Not only was this doctor’s diagnosis of
my father’s medical condition accurate， but he was also able to cure my
father.Besides， he arranged for a loan for my father’s business.He also
told my brothers and me that we should not give up our education.He then
arranged to finance our education as long as we needed it.
With the help of Mr Lim， the situation in my family took a turn for
the better.My father recovered from his illness gradually and his business
recovered the next year.My father is now the proud owner of the village
mini-market.Mr Lim has expanded his business， too.My brothers and I
are among the top students in the school.Whenever my parents met up
with Mr Lim， they would thank him for his past help.He would just
shrug off their thanks and say simply that he was merely repaying a
kindness.The children in both families have brotherly friendship now.The
story between the Lim family and my family has proved a saying that
kindness begets kindness.
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