資源簡介

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
維度一：基礎題型練
1.　　　　　　 （win） the competition， the competitors have to practice hard day and night.
2.Many buildings in our school need repairing， but the one 　　　　　　　　（repair） first is the library.
3.The old man sitting in front of the television was happy 　　　　　　（watch） anything that happened to be on.
4.Thanks to your encouragement， I finally got the courage 　　　　　　（face） the challenge.
5.It is recognised that he is the best man 　　　　　（do） the job.
6.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading， only 　　　　　　　　（tell） that it was being decorated.
7.With a lot of work 　　　　　　（do）， she wasn’t allowed to leave her office.
8.　　　　　　 （save） energy， we turn off the lights for Earth Hour.
9.　　　　　　 （realise） his dream of entering a key university， Jack studies harder than ever.
10.I am to join in the reading competition 　　　　　　　　（hold） next month.
11.More importantly， it is also a good opportunity 　　　　　　（express） your best wishes to our school.
12.Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist 　　　　　（win） the Nobel Prize in Medicine.
13.As a matter of fact， they were very surprised 　　　　　　　（inform） of the news.
維度二：語法與寫作
1.You may have chances 　　　　　　　　　　　who’ll appear when you’re in need.
你可能有機會結識新朋友，他們會在你有困難時出現。
2.All the teachers 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　tomorrow should wear the uniforms.
明天出席開幕式的所有老師都應該穿制服。
3.During my last winter holiday， I went to the countryside with my father 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
去年寒假，我和父親一起去鄉下看望了我的祖父母。
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we have decided to donate some books to your school.
為了幫助同學們學好英語，我們已決定為你們學校捐贈一批圖書。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.
在我們做好在月球上長期停留的準備之前，還有許多問題要解決。
6.Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
得知美術館下個月將舉辦中國畫展覽，我寫信申請當一名志愿者。
維度三：語法填空
　　Last weekend， I went to a bookstore 1.　　　　　 （buy） some books.There I came across a boy.He was old enough 2.　　　　　　 （read） by himself.He wanted to buy a geography book that cost one dollar.However， he had only sixty-two cents in his pocket.The money was too little for him 3.　　　　　　 （get） that book.The boy looked quite disappointed， but he was determined 4.　　　　　　 （try） some other bookstores to get one.Because I wanted to know the result， I decided 5.　　　　　　 （follow） him.
　　The boy tried four different bookstores 6.　　　　 （find） a cheaper book， but he went from one store to another， only 7.　　　　　　 （find） the book more expensive.In the sixth bookstore， the owner found that the boy was worried， so he asked him why he was anxious 8.　　　　　　 （get） a geography book.The boy told him that he wanted to become a sailor like his father.He wanted to learn more about geography.9.　　　　　　　　 （hear） what the boy said， the owner gave him one for free.The boy was very excited.The result was satisfying.Before I left， I gave the boy two dollars so that he was able to have money 10.　　　　　 （buy） more books.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·山東六校高一下聯考）When Perla Latorre-Suarez was a child， she remembers holding her brother’s hand in the mountainous Orocovis region in Puerto Rico where she grew up and looking up a clear night as the International Space Station （ISS） flew overhead.“That day， my parents explained it to me； this is where all my interest in space came from，” Latorre-Suarez says.
　　Her love was further developed by a schoolteacher who encouraged her to pursue science， a trip to Kennedy Space Center during a family vacation， and visits to the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico， which University of Central Florida （UCF） manages for the US National Science Foundation.Today， she is earning a master’s degree in aerospace engineering at UCF.Her current area of research is 3D printing sensors.“My biggest goal is to be able to work on space missions， such as the Artemis moon mission，” she says.“I want to ensure astronauts’ safety while exploring other planetary surfaces.”
　　Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全體教師）.As an outstanding student， she had plenty of choices.“UCF has amazing teachers， such as Dr （Seetha） Raghavan， that are always willing to help their students to achieve their goals，” she says.“UCF has given me the opportunity to grow as a professional and as a person.” Latorre-Suarez credits Raghavan with her pursuit of space-related research at UCF.Together they pursued 3D printing and later determined they could probably use an autonomous application method for space missions.It is something Latorre-Suarez continues to work on today because she knows it will make a difference.
　　“Exploring space is important because we can get many answers that we will not be able to get here on Earth，” she says.“We can get answers about the history of our solar system and understand its formation.Through these answers， we will be able to expand technologies that will benefit us here on Earth as well as contribute to further exploration.”
1.When did Latorre-Suarez find her interest in space？（　　）
A.When she saw the ISS.
B.When she became a member of UCF.
C.When she visited Kennedy Space Center.
D.When she did experiments with her brother.
2.What did Latorre-Suarez want to do most in the future？（　　）
A.Land on the moon.
B.Work with UCF teachers.
C.Win herself a place at UCF.
D.Prevent astronauts from danger.
3.Why did Latorre-Suarez mention Raghavan in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To explain why she chose UCF.
B.To show how lucky she was to stay at UCF.
C.To describe how strict the teachers were at UCF.
D.To prove the achievements of UCF in space exploration.
4.What does Latorre-Suarez think of exploring space？（　　）
A.It is still limited.
B.It develops fast.
C.It helps humanity to move forward.
D.It is a waste of both time and money.
B
　　（2024·太原高一下質檢）Astronauts travelling in space meet various forms of radiation that are uncommon on Earth.Some of the radiation has been shown to be harmful to human health.It is linked to cancers and heart problems.Yet a new American study suggests the radiation does not shorten astronauts’ lives.
　　Researchers studied nearly 60 years of health records and other data of male astronauts from the United States.They then compared the data with information about a group of men who are in good health， richer than most Americans and receive good health care — professional athletes.The study found that neither group has higher rates of dying at a young age.In fact， both groups generally live longer than other Americans.
　　“Astronauts are usually well educated， earn more money and are in better physical condition than the average American.Some earlier research has linked being an astronaut to a lower risk of early death，” the researchers noted.The findings were reported in Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
　　Much of the existing research on mortality rates of astronauts has not yet explored the mental and physical demands of this job.There also has not been a lot of research on whether astronauts show what is known as the “healthy worker effect”.“This effect shows people with employment of any kind have fewer medical problems than people who are unable to work，” said Robert Reynolds.
　　Reynolds said，“The challenge has always been to understand whether astronauts are as healthy as they would be if they had been otherwise comparably employed but had never gone to space at all.To do this， we need to find a group that is comparable on several important factors.”
5.How did researchers carry out their study？（　　）
A.By doing interviews.
B.By analysing some factors.
C.By comparing different data.
D.By doing experiments in the lab.
6.What can we learn from the text？（　　）
A.All radiation is harmful to human health.
B.Athletes tend to be poorer than most Americans.
C.The “healthy worker effect” shows working people are healthier.
D.Research has explored the mental and physical demands of being astronauts.
7.What can be inferred from Reynolds’ words？（　　）
A.Researchers are determined to face the challenge.
B.The research is very difficult to conduct.
C.Finding a similar group is easy.
D.Astronauts are not as healthy as athletes.
8.What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.Astronauts — Healthy or Otherwise
B.Astronauts Are as Healthy as Athletes
C.Radiation Affects Astronauts’ Health
D.Astronauts — Be Well Educated and Earn More
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Over the years， we have discovered that our students seem to have more success with some methods of learning new words than with others.We’ll show you the methods we have found to be the most successful for our students.9.（　　）
　　Basic Method 1：Seeing Is Remembering
　　Letting a new word suggest a vivid mental image to you is a powerful and effective way to remember that word.Mental images are really mnemonics （記憶術）， too.They help you remember.10.（　　） When it comes to mental images， crazy is better than normal.Normal is boring.Crazy is dramatic.
　　Basic Method 2：Etymological （詞源的） Clues
　　Although the English language contains hundreds of thousands of words， you will discover that many groups of words are related in meaning.11.（　　） When you recognise that a group of words shares a similar root， you will more easily remember the entire group.
　　Basic Method 3：Writing on Your Brain
　　Many people find that they can learn new information more readily if they write it down.12.（　　） Perhaps the explanation is that by writing you are bringing another sense into play — you’ve seen the word， you’ve said and heard the word， and now you’re feeling the word.
　　Basic Method 4：Putting It All Together with Flash Cards and a Notebook
　　A flash card is a simple piece of paper or cardboard with a word on one side and a definition on the other.You may have used flash cards when you were first learning to read， or when you were first tackling a foreign language.13.（　　） You should also indicate the pronunciation if you aren’t sure you’ll remember it.
A. Use the one or ones that suit you best.
B.You don’t have to write each word on a card.
C.The emphasis here is on suggestive mental pictures.
D.Why？ Because they developed from a common root.
E.Many students find it hard to remember long English words.
F.The physical act of writing seems to plant the information more firmly.
G.Most of our students write a word on one side and the definition on the other.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　One day recently， Laurie Fenby was shopping at a garage sale in Rochester New York.As she was leaving， she noticed a 　14　 on the ground.She looked inside and 　15　 a Jamaican driver’s license and some cash.She tried all the usual ways to 　16　 the man， whose name was George.
　　Her efforts were 　17　 — she couldn’t find him through Google or Facebook.And then she asked for 　18　 through Nextdoor， a community website.Laurie received a lot of ideas and responses.
　　But one lady 　19　 that she contact a little store that has many Jamaican migrant workers as clients.Laurie called the 　20　 and found that yes， indeed， there was someone named George who lost his wallet.When George contacted her he was able to 　21　 all the contents of the wallet and Laurie was able to return it.
　　But it didn’t stop there.Laurie asked George， “What do you and the migrant workers 　22　？” He said they could use some warm clothes.Laurie 　23　 contacted the next-door community and organised a clothing drive.She 　24　 lots of T-shirts， sweatshirts， and shoes.
　　Recently Laurie was able to 　25　 George and the other migrant workers in Rochester， and she 　26　 them to pick apples together.
　　They’re so 　27　 to Laurie and her friends.Losing the wallet 　28　 to be a blessing in disguise — none of this community-building or friendship would have happened if the wallet had stayed in George’s pocket.
14.（　）A.handbag B.wallet
C.box D.present
15.（　）A.placed B.found
C.confirmed D.picked
16.（　）A.connect B.recognise
C.locate D.attract
17.（　）A.in vain B.in case
C.in turn D.in order
18.（　）A.opinions B.permission
C.choices D.advice
19.（　）A.realised B.considered
C.suggested D.demanded
20.（　）A.store B.company
C.factory D.office
21.（　）A.predict B.identify
C.guess D.determine
22.（　）A.lose B.gain
C.need D.think
23.（　）A.eventually B.gradually
C.immediately D.occasionally
24.（　）A.received B.donated
C.collected D.produced
25.（　）A.invite B.know
C.influence D.meet
26.（　）A.joined B.allowed
C.affected D.advised
27.（　）A.polite B.patient
C.sensitive D.grateful
28.（　）A.turned out B.went over
C.took off D.gave away
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　So far， the Internet 29.　　　　　　 （bring） us great convenience.To a certain extent， we can hardly live without it.30.　　　　　　， it also raises all sorts of questions： when surfing the Internet， how can we protect ourselves？ How can we use the Internet 31.　　　　　　 （responsible）？ The following guidelines may show you how to live in the digital world.
　　Above all else， you should use the Internet in a safe way.You must always be careful about which sites 32.　　　　　　 （trust）.One wrong click may damage your computer and remove all your computer files！ Therefore， before visiting a web page， always check for signs that warn people of danger.Another tip is to keep your personal information private， 33.　　　　　　 （include） your phone number， address and email account.
You also need to show respect when communicating with other online users.Leave 34.　　　　　　 （comment） politely and treat others 35.　　　　　　 way you would like to be treated.Though the majority of online users 36.　　　　　　 （be） nice and friendly， there might be some users who make you feel 37.　　　　　　 （comfort） online.In such cases， be aware that you always have the right to say no and cut off contact.Remember that relationships you establish in the digital world are just the same 38.　　　　　　 those you have in real life.
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.To win　2.to be repaired　3.to watch　4.to face　5.to do
6.to be told　7.to do　8.To save　9.To realise　10.to be held
11.to express　12.to win　13.to be informed
維度二
1.to make new friends
2.to attend the opening ceremony
3.to visit my grandparents
4.To help the students to learn English better
5.There are still many problems to be solved
6.I am writing to apply to become a volunteer
維度三
1.to buy　2.to read　3.to get　4.to try　5.to follow　6.to find
7.to find　8.to get　9.Hearing/Having heard　10.to buy
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研發新技術，保障宇航員在太空作業時的安全。
1.A　細節理解題。根據第一段可知，當Latorre-Suarez看到國際空間站從天上飛過時，她對太空產生了濃厚的興趣。
2.D　細節理解題。根據第二段可知，Latorre-Suarez最大的目標是保障宇航員在太空作業時的安全，使他們遠離危險。
3.A　推理判斷題。第三段中的Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全體教師）.為本段的主旨句。下文提到的關于Dr （Seetha） Raghavan的內容是對本句的解釋說明。由此可知，本段解釋了Latorre-Suarez選擇佛羅里達大學的原因。
4.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，Latorre-Suarez認為探索太空可以幫助我們提高技術，更好地認識地球，同時也可以為以后更加深入的太空探索作好準備。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，太空中的輻射不會縮短宇航員的壽命，但其健康狀況是否會受到影響仍然是未知的。
5.C　細節理解題。根據第二段前兩句可知，研究人員是通過對比不同的數據進行研究的。
6.C　推理判斷題。根據第四段可知，“健康工作者效應”顯示，有工作的人比那些不能工作的人有更少的健康方面的問題，即有工作的人身體更健康。
7.B　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Reynolds說的話可知，如果這些宇航員當初沒有去太空，而是被雇用做了其他工作，那么他們的健康狀況是否與現在相同。要想完成這項研究，則需要找到在這幾個重要因素上具有對照性的群體。由此推斷，這項研究很難進行下去。
8.A　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一項研究，該研究表明，太空輻射不會縮短宇航員的壽命，但其健康狀況是否會受到影響仍然是未知的。因此A項（宇航員——健康與否）適合作本文的標題。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何背單詞給我們提供了四種方法和建議。
9.A　上句提到一些背單詞的好方法，本句接著建議我們“選擇適合自己的一種或多種方法”，故A項符合語境。
10.C　下句建議我們在背單詞時大腦中想象一些圖畫，故C項（這里強調具有暗示性的圖畫）符合語境。
11.D　上句指出英語中很多單詞詞義相互有聯系，這里進一步說明其原因是很多詞匯具有相同的詞根，故D項符合語境。
12.F　本段強調書寫對于我們記憶單詞時的巨大幫助，故F項（書寫可以將單詞深深地植入我們的大腦）符合語境。
13.G　本段建議我們通過制作卡片背單詞，故G項（卡片的一邊寫單詞，另一邊寫詞義）符合語境。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Laurie Fenby無意中撿到一個錢包，她輾轉找到失主后，又發生了新的故事。
14.B　根據下文可知， Laurie Fenby在地上撿到一個錢包。
15.B　Laurie Fenby在錢包里發現了一個牙買加駕照和一些現金。
16.C　Laurie Fenby嘗試了所有常用的方法，去確定失主的位置。locate表示“找出或指出某人/某物的準確位置或地點”。
17.A　根據下文可知， Laurie Fenby沒有通過Google或Facebook找到失主，因此她的努力是徒勞的。in vain表示“無結果地； 徒勞地”。
18.D　然后Laurie Fenby通過Nextdoor網站向網友征求意見。
19.C　有一位女士建議Laurie Fenby跟一家商店聯系，那家商店有一些牙買加人顧客。
20.A　Laurie Fenby聽從了那位女士的建議，給那家商店打了電話。
21.B　失主George打來了電話，能夠正確說出錢包里的物品。identify表示“確認、證明某人或某事”。
22.C　Laurie Fenby關心地問George和其他移民工人需要什么。
23.C　聽了George的答復后， Laurie Fenby立刻跟附近的社區聯系，組織了一場募集衣服的活動。
24.A　活動發起后， Laurie Fenby收到了很多T恤衫、運動衫和鞋等。
25.D　最近Laurie Fenby和George以及其他移民工人見了面。
26.A　Laurie Fenby加入了George和其他移民工人，跟他們一起摘蘋果。
27.D　由于Laurie Fenby不僅歸還了George的錢包，而且還幫助了其他工人，因此他們對她非常感激。
28.A　對George來說，丟失錢包結果是塞翁失馬，壞事變成了好事。turn out 表示“結果是”；a blessing in disguise 表示“塞翁失馬；因禍得福”。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何在網絡世界中生活提出了建議。
29.has brought　根據So far可知，此處應用現在完成時。主語the Internet為第三人稱單數。故填has brought。
30.However/Nevertheless　空后的it also raises all sorts of questions和上文構成轉折關系，且空后有逗號，所以應用副詞however或nevertheless，表示“然而”，句首首字母應大寫。故填However/Nevertheless。
31.responsibly　修飾動詞use應用副詞。故填responsibly。
32.to trust　“疑問詞＋to do”在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補足語等句子成分。此處在句中作介詞about的賓語。故填to trust。
33.including　your personal information包括your phone number， address and email account，故填介詞including。
ments　comment意為“評論”，為可數名詞，此處表示泛指，所以應用復數形式。故填comments。
35.the　名詞way被定語從句you would like to be treated修飾，所以是特指。故填the。
36.are　主語the majority of online users為復數，且此處描述客觀事實，所以應用一般現在時。故填are。
37.uncomfortable　根據上文Though可知，前后句意相反，所以此處是指可能有一些用戶讓你在網上感到不舒服，所以應用形容詞作系動詞feel的表語。故填uncomfortable。
38.as　the same as意為“與……相同”，為固定搭配。根據語境可知，此處是指在網絡中的關系和現實生活中的關系是相同的。故填as。
6 / 6Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
動詞不定式
　①Today， scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.
②Space exploration has come a long way， and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
③However， while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
④China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003 ...
⑤On 23 July 2020， China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.
⑥And from 2021 to 2022， China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station.
⑦This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments ...
⑧Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.
⑨Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【我的發現】
　（1）句　　　　為動詞不定式作狀語。
（2）句　　　　為動詞不定式作定語。
（3）句　　　　為動詞不定式作賓語。
（4）句　　　　為動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
一、動詞不定式的時態和語態
　 　語態 時態　 　 主動形式 被動形式
一般式 to do to be done
進行式 to be doing —
完成式 to have done to have been done
否定形式 在to前加not 在to前加not
My father has decided to cut out smoking.
我的父親已經決定戒煙了。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
明天要舉行的會議很重要。
I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
讓你一直無所事事地閑坐著我感到很抱歉。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當形式填空
①I am honoured 　　　　　　（deliver） a speech at the opening ceremony on behalf of our school.
②The question 　　　　　　　　　　（discuss） tomorrow is about the pollution.
③The book is said to 　　　　　　　　　　（translate） into four languages so far.
④The little boy pretended 　　　　　　　（read） the book when his teacher entered the classroom.
二、動詞不定式作定語
　動詞不定式作定語修飾名詞或代詞，動詞不定式和它所修飾的詞之間有邏輯上的動賓關系、主謂關系、動狀關系或同位關系。動詞不定式通常要放在這些被修飾詞的后面。
1.動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語，表示尚未發生的動作。
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告訴你。
2.名詞前有first、 last、 next、 only等詞以及最高級修飾時，其后要用動詞不定式作后置定語。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
她是第一位在奧運會上獲得金牌的女性。
3.抽象名詞attempt、 ability、 chance、 desire、 opportunity、 courage、 plan、 way或不定代詞something、 nothing等后面常用動詞不定式作后置定語。
Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.
詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
This can be useful for business such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers.
這對飯店和商店這樣的生意很有用，因為它提供了新的吸引顧客的方法。
4.當名詞與定語之間存在主謂關系時，要用動詞不定式作定語。
We must find a person to do the job.
我們必須找一個做這份工作的人。
名師點津
（1）動詞不定式作定語時，要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。
Attention， please.The astronaut has something important to say.
請注意，這名宇航員有重要的事情要說。
（2）如果動詞不定式是不及物動詞，后面就應有必要的介詞。
Give me a piece of paper to write on.
給我一張紙寫字。
【即時演練2】　單句語法填空
①In many homes in the UK， the first person 　　　　　　（wake） up has to make tea for the family.
②The airport 　　　　　　　（complete） next year will help promote tourism in this area.
③（2023·新課標Ⅰ卷）We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way 　　　　　　（develop） and grow.
④Carol was happy that she had the chance 　　　　　　　　（experience） the life in the city.
⑤These courses offer us opportunities 　　　　　　　　（improve） our abilities to appreciate art.
三、動詞不定式作狀語
　動詞不定式在句中作狀語，主要用來表示目的、原因及結果等。
1.作目的狀語，置于句首或句末，置于句首時常表示強調。為加強語氣，常與in order to或so as to 組成短語。
To get some work experience， I intend to take up a part-time job in summer vacation.為了獲得一些工作經驗，我打算在暑假做一份兼職。
In order to improve customer satisfaction， the company offered a loyalty rewards program.
為了提高顧客的滿意度，公司推出了忠誠獎勵計劃。
She asked me to drive her to the airport so as to catch the 5：00 plane.為了趕上5點的飛機，她讓我開車把她送到機場。
2.作原因狀語，多用于“sb＋be＋adj.＋to do ...”結構中。
I’m disappointed to hear you lack the patience.
聽說你缺乏耐心我很失望。
If so， you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.
如果這樣的話，你可能會很驚訝地發現圖書館已經變得更好了。
3.作結果狀語，多用于too ...to ...、 enough to ...、 only to do （表示意料之外的結果的發生）、 so/such ...as to ...（如此……以至于……）結構中。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.
加利福尼亞號來得太晚，沒能挽救更多人。
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
這個男孩足夠大了，能照顧他自己了。
He hurried to the agency only to find the manager had left.
他匆忙趕到代理處，卻發現經理已經離開了。
She is （so） proud as to look down upon others.
她太驕傲了，看不起別人。
4.獨立的動詞不定式多用作插入語，表示說話人的心理狀態或對事情的看法。
To make matters worse， e-dictionaries mean more pollution than paper dictionaries.
更糟糕的是，電子詞典比傳統紙質詞典污染更嚴重。
名師點津
動詞不定式與動詞-ing形式作結果狀語的區別：
（1）動詞不定式作結果狀語強調的是一種意想不到的結果。
Anxiously， she took the dress out of the package and tried it on， only to find it didn’t fit.
她焦急地從包裹中取出裙子，然后試穿了一下，結果發現它不合身。
（2）動詞-ing形式作結果狀語強調的是一種順承的、必然造成的結果。
He failed his exam， making his father angry.
他考試不及格，使他父親很生氣。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
①　　　　　　 （learn） more about Chinese culture， Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
②Without a second thought， Paul drove the car quickly back to the two cyclists， only 　　　　　　（find） they were gone.
③When the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just glad 　　　　　　（find） them alive.
④Would you be so kind as 　　　　　　（spare） some time to come and join us？
lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.沒有；缺乏
【教材原句】　Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity， so they need to exercise every day， which will help them stay healthy.由于缺乏重力，宇航員的骨骼和肌肉在太空中會變得非常虛弱，所以他們需要每天鍛煉，這將有助于他們保持健康。
【用法】
（1）（a） lack of ...　　　　缺少…… for lack of ... 由于缺乏…… （2）lacking adj. 缺乏的；缺少的 be lacking in sth 缺少某物
【佳句】　①The reason why he failed in the driving test was that he lacked confidence in himself.
他駕照考試失敗的原因是對他自己缺乏信心。
②The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.工程因資金缺乏只得放棄。
③He carried on with the project although he was lacking in experience.
盡管他缺乏經驗，他還是把這個項目進行了下去。
【寫美】　一句多譯
因缺乏自信，我站在舞臺上，低著頭，雙腿不受控制地顫抖。 （讀后續寫之動作描寫）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I stood on the stage，with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，I stood on the stage，with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I stood on the stage， with my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
beyond prep.在更遠處；超出
【教材原句】　Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve.
把人們送到其他星球，甚至是超出太陽系并不是很容易就能實現的目標。
【用法】
beyond words　　　　　難以言喻 beyond one’s reach 夠不著 beyond expectation 出乎意料 beyond control 失去控制 beyond repair 無法修理 beyond sb 使某人無法想象（或理解、做等）
【佳句】　Unfortunately， my car was beyond control.As a result， it ran into a tree and it was beyond repair.
不幸的是，我的車失去了控制。結果，它撞上了一棵樹，無法修理了。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I should have told you in advance， but something happened beyond my 　　　　　　（expect）.
【寫美】　完成句子
②I couldn’t allow you to be admitted into the club， because it was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我不能允許你進入俱樂部，因為這超出了我的權力。
③I turned to my teacher for help， for 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我向老師尋求幫助，因為我無法理解整個問題。
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
【重難語法·要攻克】
我的發現
（1）①⑤⑥　（2）③④⑧　（3）②　（4）⑦⑨
即時演練1
①to deliver　②to be discussed　③have been translated
④to be reading
即時演練2
①to wake　②to be completed　③to develop　④to experience
⑤to improve
即時演練3
①To learn　②to find　③to find　④to spare
【知識要點·須拾遺】
1.For lack of confidence； I lacked confidence； I was lacking in confidence
2.①expectation　②beyond my power
③the whole problem was beyond me
5 / 5(共79張PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Discovering Useful Structures
1
重難語法·要攻克
目 錄
2
知識要點·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
1
重難語法·要攻克
掌握核心語法
動詞不定式
①Today， scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to
make important discoveries.
②Space exploration has come a long way， and we now hope to discover
other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
③However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
④China became the third country in the world to independently send
humans into space in 2003 ...
⑤On 23 July 2020， China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of
Mars.
⑥And from 2021 to 2022， China completed a number of rocket missions
to establish its own space station.
⑦This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many
important experiments ...
⑧Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and
Jupiter.
⑨Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable
discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【我的發現】
（1）句 為動詞不定式作狀語。
（2）句 為動詞不定式作定語。
（3）句 為動詞不定式作賓語。
（4）句 為動詞不定式作賓語補足語。
①⑤⑥　
③④⑧　
②　
⑦⑨　
一、動詞不定式的時態和語態
　 　語態 時態 主動形式 被動形式
一般式 to do to be done
進行式 to be doing —
完成式 to have done to have been done
否定形式 在to前加not 在to前加not
My father has decided to cut out smoking.
我的父親已經決定戒煙了。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
明天要舉行的會議很重要。
I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
讓你一直無所事事地閑坐著我感到很抱歉。
【即時演練1】　用所給詞的適當形式填空
①I am honoured （deliver） a speech at the opening
ceremony on behalf of our school.
②The question （discuss） tomorrow is about the
pollution.
③The book is said to （translate） into four
languages so far.
④The little boy pretended （read） the book when his
teacher entered the classroom.
to deliver　
to be discussed　
have been translated　
to be reading　
二、動詞不定式作定語
　動詞不定式作定語修飾名詞或代詞，動詞不定式和它所修飾的詞之
間有邏輯上的動賓關系、主謂關系、動狀關系或同位關系。動詞不定
式通常要放在這些被修飾詞的后面。
1. 動詞不定式作定語常放在名詞或不定代詞后面作后置定語，表示尚
未發生的動作。
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告訴你。
2. 名詞前有first、 last、 next、 only等詞以及最高級修飾時，其后要
用動詞不定式作后置定語。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
她是第一位在奧運會上獲得金牌的女性。
3. 抽象名詞attempt、 ability、 chance、 desire、 opportunity、
courage、 plan、 way或不定代詞something、 nothing等后面常用動
詞不定式作后置定語。
Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.
詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
This can be useful for business such as restaurants and stores because it
offers a new way to attract customers.
這對飯店和商店這樣的生意很有用，因為它提供了新的吸引顧客的
方法。
4. 當名詞與定語之間存在主謂關系時，要用動詞不定式作定語。
We must find a person to do the job.
我們必須找一個做這份工作的人。
名師點津
（1）動詞不定式作定語時，要放在它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。
Attention， please.The astronaut has something important to say.
請注意，這名宇航員有重要的事情要說。
（2）如果動詞不定式是不及物動詞，后面就應有必要的介詞。
Give me a piece of paper to write on.
給我一張紙寫字。
【即時演練2】　單句語法填空
①In many homes in the UK， the first person （wake） up
has to make tea for the family.
②The airport （complete） next year will help
promote tourism in this area.
③（2023·新課標Ⅰ卷）We’re all changing and learning all the time and
mistakes are a positive way （develop） and grow.
④Carol was happy that she had the chance
（experience） the life in the city.
⑤These courses offer us opportunities （improve） our
abilities to appreciate art.
to wake　
to be completed　
to develop　
to experience　
to improve　
三、動詞不定式作狀語
　動詞不定式在句中作狀語，主要用來表示目的、原因及結果等。
1. 作目的狀語，置于句首或句末，置于句首時常表示強調。為加強語
氣，常與in order to或so as to 組成短語。
To get some work experience， I intend to take up a part-time job in
summer vacation.
為了獲得一些工作經驗，我打算在暑假做一份兼職。
In order to improve customer satisfaction， the company offered a
loyalty rewards program.
為了提高顧客的滿意度，公司推出了忠誠獎勵計劃。
She asked me to drive her to the airport so as to catch the 5：00 plane.
為了趕上5點的飛機，她讓我開車把她送到機場。
2. 作原因狀語，多用于“sb＋be＋adj.＋to do ...”結構中。
I’m disappointed to hear you lack the patience.
聽說你缺乏耐心我很失望。
If so， you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for
the better.
如果這樣的話，你可能會很驚訝地發現圖書館已經變得更好了。
3. 作結果狀語，多用于too ...to ...、 enough to ...、 only to do
（表示意料之外的結果的發生）、 so/such ...as to ...（如此……
以至于……）結構中。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.
加利福尼亞號來得太晚，沒能挽救更多人。
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
這個男孩足夠大了，能照顧他自己了。
He hurried to the agency only to find the manager had left.
他匆忙趕到代理處，卻發現經理已經離開了。
She is （so） proud as to look down upon others.
她太驕傲了，看不起別人。
4. 獨立的動詞不定式多用作插入語，表示說話人的心理狀態或對事情
的看法。
To make matters worse， e-dictionaries mean more pollution than
paper dictionaries.
更糟糕的是，電子詞典比傳統紙質詞典污染更嚴重。
名師點津
動詞不定式與動詞-ing形式作結果狀語的區別：
（1）動詞不定式作結果狀語強調的是一種意想不到的結果。
Anxiously， she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，
only to find it didn’t fit.
她焦急地從包裹中取出裙子，然后試穿了一下，結果發現它不
合身。
（2）動詞-ing形式作結果狀語強調的是一種順承的、必然造成的
結果。
He failed his exam， making his father angry.
他考試不及格，使他父親很生氣。
【即時演練3】　單句語法填空
① （learn） more about Chinese culture， Jack has
decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
②Without a second thought， Paul drove the car quickly back to the
two cyclists， only （find） they were gone.
To learn　
to find　
③When the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just
glad （find） them alive.
④Would you be so kind as （spare） some time to
come and join us？
to find　
to spare　
知識要點·須拾遺
關注高頻詞匯
2
lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.沒有；缺乏
【教材原句】　Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in
space due to the lack of gravity， so they need to exercise every day，
which will help them stay healthy.
由于缺乏重力，宇航員的骨骼和肌肉在太空中會變得非常虛弱，所以
他們需要每天鍛煉，這將有助于他們保持健康。
【用法】
（1）（a） lack of ...　　　　缺少……
for lack of ...　　由于缺乏……
（2）lacking adj.　　缺乏的；缺少的
be lacking in sth　　缺少某物
【佳句】　①The reason why he failed in the driving test was that he
lacked confidence in himself.
他駕照考試失敗的原因是對他自己缺乏信心。
②The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.
工程因資金缺乏只得放棄。
③He carried on with the project although he was lacking in experience.
盡管他缺乏經驗，他還是把這個項目進行了下去。
【寫美】　一句多譯
因缺乏自信，我站在舞臺上，低著頭，雙腿不受控制地顫抖。
（讀后續寫之動作描寫）
→ ，I stood on the stage，with my head
lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because ，I stood on the stage，with my head
lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because ， I stood on the stage， with
my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
For lack of confidence　
I lacked confidence　
I was lacking in confidence　
beyond prep.在更遠處；超出
【教材原句】　Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar
system is not an easy goal to achieve.
把人們送到其他星球，甚至是超出太陽系并不是很容易就能實現
的目標。
beyond words　　　　　難以言喻
beyond one’s reach　　夠不著
beyond expectation　　出乎意料
beyond control　　失去控制
beyond repair　　無法修理
beyond sb　　使某人無法想象（或理解、做等）
【用法】
【佳句】　Unfortunately， my car was beyond control.As a result， it
ran into a tree and it was beyond repair.
不幸的是，我的車失去了控制。結果，它撞上了一棵樹，無法修
理了。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I should have told you in advance， but something happened beyond
my （expect）.
expectation　
②I couldn’t allow you to be admitted into the club， because it
was .
我不能允許你進入俱樂部，因為這超出了我的權力。
③I turned to my teacher for help， for
.
我向老師尋求幫助，因為我無法理解整個問題。
beyond my power　
the whole problem was beyond
me　
【寫美】　完成句子
3
課時檢測 · 提能力
培育學科素養
維度一：基礎題型練
1. （win） the competition， the competitors have to
practice hard day and night.
2. Many buildings in our school need repairing， but the one
（repair） first is the library.
3. The old man sitting in front of the television was happy
（watch） anything that happened to be on.
To win　
to be
repaired　
to watch　
4. Thanks to your encouragement， I finally got the courage
（face） the challenge.
5. It is recognised that he is the best man （do） the job.
6. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading，
only （tell） that it was being decorated.
7. With a lot of work （do）， she wasn’t allowed to leave
her office.
8. （save） energy， we turn off the lights for Earth Hour.
to face　
to do　
to be told　
to do　
To save　
9. （realise） his dream of entering a key university，
Jack studies harder than ever.
10. I am to join in the reading competition （hold） next
month.
11. More importantly， it is also a good opportunity
（express） your best wishes to our school.
12. Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist （win） the
Nobel Prize in Medicine.
To realise　
to be held　
to express　
to win　
13. As a matter of fact， they were very surprised
（inform） of the news.
to be informed　
維度二：語法與寫作
1. You may have chances who’ll appear when
you’re in need.
你可能有機會結識新朋友，他們會在你有困難時出現。
2. All the teachers tomorrow should
wear the uniforms.
明天出席開幕式的所有老師都應該穿制服。
3. During my last winter holiday， I went to the countryside with my
father .
去年寒假，我和父親一起去鄉下看望了我的祖父母。
to make new friends　
to attend the opening ceremony　
to visit my grandparents　
4. ， we have decided to
donate some books to your school.
為了幫助同學們學好英語，我們已決定為你們學校捐贈一批圖書。
5. before we are ready for
a long stay on the moon.
在我們做好在月球上長期停留的準備之前，還有許多問題要解決。
6. Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next
month， .
得知美術館下個月將舉辦中國畫展覽，我寫信申請當一名志愿者。
To help the students to learn English better　
There are still many problems to be solved　
I am writing to apply to become a volunteer　
維度三：語法填空
　　Last weekend， I went to a bookstore 1. （buy）
some books.There I came across a boy.He was old enough 2.
（read） by himself.He wanted to buy a geography book that
cost one dollar.However， he had only sixty-two cents in his
pocket.The money was too little for him 3. （get） that
book.The boy looked quite disappointed， but he was determined
4. （try） some other bookstores to get one.Because I
wanted to know the result， I decided 5. （follow） him.
to buy　
to
read　
to get　
to try　
to follow　
　　The boy tried four different bookstores 6. （find） a
cheaper book， but he went from one store to another， only 7.
（find） the book more expensive.In the sixth bookstore， the
owner found that the boy was worried， so he asked him why he was
anxious 8. （get） a geography book.The boy told him that
he wanted to become a sailor like his father.He wanted to learn more
about geography.9. （hear） what the boy
said， the owner gave him one for free.The boy was very excited.The
result was satisfying.Before I left， I gave the boy two dollars so that
he was able to have money 10. （buy） more books.
to find　
to
find　
to get　
Hearing/Having heard　
to buy　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·山東六校高一下聯考）When Perla Latorre-Suarez was a
child， she remembers holding her brother’s hand in the mountainous
Orocovis region in Puerto Rico where she grew up and looking up a clear
night as the International Space Station （ISS） flew overhead.“That
day， my parents explained it to me； this is where all my interest in
space came from，” Latorre-Suarez says.
　　Her love was further developed by a schoolteacher who encouraged
her to pursue science， a trip to Kennedy Space Center during a family
vacation， and visits to the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico， which
University of Central Florida （UCF） manages for the US National
Science Foundation.Today， she is earning a master’s degree in
aerospace engineering at UCF. Her current area of research is 3D printing
sensors.“My biggest goal is to be able to work on space missions， such
as the Artemis moon mission，” she says.“I want to ensure
astronauts’ safety while exploring other planetary surfaces.”
　　Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and
supportive faculty （全體教師）.As an outstanding student， she had
plenty of choices.“UCF has amazing teachers， such as Dr （Seetha）
Raghavan， that are always willing to help their students to achieve their
goals，” she says.“UCF has given me the opportunity to grow as a
professional and as a person.” Latorre-Suarez credits Raghavan with her
pursuit of space-related research at UCF. Together they pursued 3D
printing and later determined they could probably use an autonomous
application method for space missions.It is something Latorre-Suarez
continues to work on today because she knows it will make a difference.
　　“Exploring space is important because we can get many answers that
we will not be able to get here on Earth，” she says.“We can get
answers about the history of our solar system and understand its
formation.Through these answers， we will be able to expand
technologies that will benefit us here on Earth as well as contribute to
further exploration.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研發新技
術，保障宇航員在太空作業時的安全。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研發新技
術，保障宇航員在太空作業時的安全。
1. When did Latorre-Suarez find her interest in space？（　　）
A. When she saw the ISS.
B. When she became a member of UCF.
C. When she visited Kennedy Space Center.
D. When she did experiments with her brother.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第一段可知，當Latorre-Suarez看到國
際空間站從天上飛過時，她對太空產生了濃厚的興趣。
2. What did Latorre-Suarez want to do most in the future？（　　）
A. Land on the moon.
B. Work with UCF teachers.
C. Win herself a place at UCF.
D. Prevent astronauts from danger.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段可知，Latorre-Suarez最大的目
標是保障宇航員在太空作業時的安全，使他們遠離危險。
3. Why did Latorre-Suarez mention Raghavan in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. To explain why she chose UCF.
B. To show how lucky she was to stay at UCF.
C. To describe how strict the teachers were at UCF.
D. To prove the achievements of UCF in space exploration.
解析：　推理判斷題。第三段中的Latorre-Suarez decided to study
at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全體教師）.
為本段的主旨句。下文提到的關于Dr （Seetha） Raghavan的內容
是對本句的解釋說明。由此可知，本段解釋了Latorre-Suarez選擇佛
羅里達大學的原因。
4. What does Latorre-Suarez think of exploring space？（　　）
A. It is still limited.
B. It develops fast.
C. It helps humanity to move forward.
D. It is a waste of both time and money.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，Latorre-Suarez認為探
索太空可以幫助我們提高技術，更好地認識地球，同時也可以為以
后更加深入的太空探索作好準備。
B
　　（2024·太原高一下質檢）Astronauts travelling in space meet
various forms of radiation that are uncommon on Earth.Some of the
radiation has been shown to be harmful to human health.It is linked to
cancers and heart problems.Yet a new American study suggests the
radiation does not shorten astronauts’ lives.
　　Researchers studied nearly 60 years of health records and other data
of male astronauts from the United States.They then compared the data
with information about a group of men who are in good health， richer
than most Americans and receive good health care — professional
athletes.The study found that neither group has higher rates of dying at a
young age.In fact， both groups generally live longer than other
Americans.
　　“Astronauts are usually well educated， earn more money and are in
better physical condition than the average American.Some earlier research
has linked being an astronaut to a lower risk of early death，” the
researchers noted.The findings were reported in Occupational and
Environmental Medicine.
　　Much of the existing research on mortality rates of astronauts has not
yet explored the mental and physical demands of this job.There also has
not been a lot of research on whether astronauts show what is known as the
“healthy worker effect”.“This effect shows people with employment
of any kind have fewer medical problems than people who are unable to
work，” said Robert Reynolds.
　　Reynolds said，“The challenge has always been to understand
whether astronauts are as healthy as they would be if they had been
otherwise comparably employed but had never gone to space at all.To do
this， we need to find a group that is comparable on several important
factors.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，太空中的輻射不會
縮短宇航員的壽命，但其健康狀況是否會受到影響仍然是未知的。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一項研究表明，太空中的輻射不會
縮短宇航員的壽命，但其健康狀況是否會受到影響仍然是未知的。
5. How did researchers carry out their study？（　　）
A. By doing interviews.
B. By analysing some factors.
C. By comparing different data.
D. By doing experiments in the lab.
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段前兩句可知，研究人員是通過
對比不同的數據進行研究的。
6. What can we learn from the text？（　　）
A. All radiation is harmful to human health.
B. Athletes tend to be poorer than most Americans.
C. The “healthy worker effect” shows working people are healthier.
D. Research has explored the mental and physical demands of being
astronauts.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第四段可知，“健康工作者效應”顯
示，有工作的人比那些不能工作的人有更少的健康方面的問題，即
有工作的人身體更健康。
7. What can be inferred from Reynolds’ words？（　　）
A. Researchers are determined to face the challenge.
B. The research is very difficult to conduct.
C. Finding a similar group is easy.
D. Astronauts are not as healthy as athletes.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段中Reynolds說的話可知，如
果這些宇航員當初沒有去太空，而是被雇用做了其他工作，那么他
們的健康狀況是否與現在相同。要想完成這項研究，則需要找到在
這幾個重要因素上具有對照性的群體。由此推斷，這項研究很難進
行下去。
8. What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. Astronauts — Healthy or Otherwise
B. Astronauts Are as Healthy as Athletes
C. Radiation Affects Astronauts’ Health
D. Astronauts — Be Well Educated and Earn More
解析：　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一項研
究，該研究表明，太空輻射不會縮短宇航員的壽命，但其健康狀況
是否會受到影響仍然是未知的。因此A項（宇航員——健康與否）
適合作本文的標題。
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　Over the years， we have discovered that our students seem to have
more success with some methods of learning new words than with
others.We’ll show you the methods we have found to be the most
successful for our students.9.（　　）
　　Basic Method 1：Seeing Is Remembering
　　Letting a new word suggest a vivid mental image to you is a powerful
and effective way to remember that word.Mental images are really
mnemonics （記憶術）， too.They help you remember.10.（　　）
When it comes to mental images， crazy is better than normal.Normal is
boring.Crazy is dramatic.
　　Basic Method 2：Etymological （詞源的） Clues
　　Although the English language contains hundreds of thousands of
words， you will discover that many groups of words are related in
meaning.11.（　　） When you recognise that a group of words shares a
similar root， you will more easily remember the entire group.
　　Basic Method 3：Writing on Your Brain
　　Many people find that they can learn new information more readily if
they write it down.12.（　　） Perhaps the explanation is that by writing
you are bringing another sense into play — you’ve seen the word，
you’ve said and heard the word， and now you’re feeling the word.
　　Basic Method 4：Putting It All Together with Flash Cards and a
Notebook
　　A flash card is a simple piece of paper or cardboard with a word on
one side and a definition on the other.You may have used flash cards when
you were first learning to read， or when you were first tackling a foreign
language.13.（　　） You should also indicate the pronunciation if you
aren’t sure you’ll remember it.
A. Use the one or ones that suit you best.
B. You don’t have to write each word on a card.
C. The emphasis here is on suggestive mental pictures.
D. Why？ Because they developed from a common root.
E. Many students find it hard to remember long English words.
F. The physical act of writing seems to plant the information more firmly.
G. Most of our students write a word on one side and the definition on the
other.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何背單詞給我們提供了四
種方法和建議。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何背單詞給我們提供了四
種方法和建議。
9. A　上句提到一些背單詞的好方法，本句接著建議我們“選擇適合
自己的一種或多種方法”，故A項符合語境。
10. C　下句建議我們在背單詞時大腦中想象一些圖畫，故C項（這里
強調具有暗示性的圖畫）符合語境。
11. D　上句指出英語中很多單詞詞義相互有聯系，這里進一步說明
其原因是很多詞匯具有相同的詞根，故D項符合語境。
12. F　本段強調書寫對于我們記憶單詞時的巨大幫助，故F項（書寫
可以將單詞深深地植入我們的大腦）符合語境。
13. G　本段建議我們通過制作卡片背單詞，故G項（卡片的一邊寫單
詞，另一邊寫詞義）符合語境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　One day recently， Laurie Fenby was shopping at a garage sale in
Rochester New York.As she was leaving， she noticed a 　14　 on the
ground.She looked inside and 　15　 a Jamaican driver’s license and
some cash.She tried all the usual ways to 　16　 the man， whose name
was George.
　　Her efforts were 　17　 — she couldn’t find him through Google or
Facebook.And then she asked for 　18　 through Nextdoor， a
community website.Laurie received a lot of ideas and responses.
　　But one lady 　19　 that she contact a little store that has many
Jamaican migrant workers as clients.Laurie called the 　20　 and found
that yes， indeed， there was someone named George who lost his
wallet.When George contacted her he was able to 　21　 all the contents
of the wallet and Laurie was able to return it.
　　But it didn’t stop there.Laurie asked George， “What do you and
the migrant workers 　22　？” He said they could use some warm
clothes.Laurie 　23　 contacted the next-door community and organised a
clothing drive.She 　24　 lots of T-shirts， sweatshirts， and shoes.
　　Recently Laurie was able to 　25　 George and the other migrant
workers in Rochester， and she 　26　 them to pick apples together.
　　They’re so 　27　 to Laurie and her friends.Losing the
wallet 　28　 to be a blessing in disguise — none of this community-
building or friendship would have happened if the wallet had stayed in
George’s pocket.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Laurie Fenby無意中撿到一個錢包，
她輾轉找到失主后，又發生了新的故事。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Laurie Fenby無意中撿到一個錢包，
她輾轉找到失主后，又發生了新的故事。
14. A. handbag B. wallet
C. box D. present
解析：　根據下文可知， Laurie Fenby在地上撿到一個錢包。
15. A. placed B. found
C. confirmed D. picked
解析：　Laurie Fenby在錢包里發現了一個牙買加駕照和一
些現金。
16. A. connect B. recognise
C. locate D. attract
解析：　Laurie Fenby嘗試了所有常用的方法，去確定失主的位
置。locate表示“找出或指出某人/某物的準確位置或地點”。
17. A. in vain B. in case
C. in turn D. in order
解析：　根據下文可知， Laurie Fenby沒有通過Google或
Facebook找到失主，因此她的努力是徒勞的。in vain表示“無結
果地； 徒勞地”。
18. A. opinions B. permission
C. choices D. advice
解析：　然后Laurie Fenby通過Nextdoor網站向網友征求意見。
19. A. realised B. considered
C. suggested D. demanded
解析：　有一位女士建議Laurie Fenby跟一家商店聯系，那家商
店有一些牙買加人顧客。
20. A. store B. company
C. factory D. office
解析：　Laurie Fenby聽從了那位女士的建議，給那家商店打了
電話。
21. A. predict B. identify
C. guess D. determine
解析：　失主George打來了電話，能夠正確說出錢包里的物
品。identify表示“確認、證明某人或某事”。
22. A. lose B. gain C. need D. think
解析：　Laurie Fenby關心地問George和其他移民工人需要
什么。
23. A. eventually B. gradually
C. immediately D. occasionally
解析：　聽了George的答復后， Laurie Fenby立刻跟附近的社區
聯系，組織了一場募集衣服的活動。
24. A. received B. donated
C. collected D. produced
解析：　活動發起后， Laurie Fenby收到了很多T恤衫、運動衫
和鞋等。
25. A. invite B. know
C. influence D. meet
解析：　最近Laurie Fenby和George以及其他移民工人見了面。
26. A. joined B. allowed
C. affected D. advised
解析：　Laurie Fenby加入了George和其他移民工人，跟他們一
起摘蘋果。
27. A. polite B. patient
C. sensitive D. grateful
解析：　由于Laurie Fenby不僅歸還了George的錢包，而且還幫
助了其他工人，因此他們對她非常感激。
28. A. turned out B. went over
C. took off D. gave away
解析：　對George來說，丟失錢包結果是塞翁失馬，壞事變成
了好事。turn out 表示“結果是”；a blessing in disguise 表示“塞
翁失馬；因禍得福”。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　So far， the Internet 29. 　　 （bring） us great convenience.To a
certain extent， we can hardly live without it.30. 　　， it also raises all
sorts of questions： when surfing the Internet， how can we protect
ourselves？ How can we use the Internet 31. 　　 （responsible）？ The
following guidelines may show you how to live in the digital world.
　　Above all else， you should use the Internet in a safe way.You must
always be careful about which sites 32. 　　 （trust）.One wrong click
may damage your computer and remove all your computer files！
Therefore， before visiting a web page， always check for signs that warn
people of danger.Another tip is to keep your personal information
private， 33. 　　 （include） your phone number， address and email
account.
　　You also need to show respect when communicating with other online
users.Leave 34. 　　 （comment） politely and treat others 35. 　　 way
you would like to be treated.Though the majority of online users 36. 　　
（be） nice and friendly， there might be some users who make you feel
37. 　　 （comfort） online.In such cases， be aware that you always
have the right to say no and cut off contact.Remember that relationships
you establish in the digital world are just the same 38. 　　 those you have
in real life.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何在網絡世界中生活提出
了建議。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章就如何在網絡世界中生活提出
了建議。
29. has brought　根據So far可知，此處應用現在完成時。主語the
Internet為第三人稱單數。故填has brought。
30. However/Nevertheless　空后的it also raises all sorts of questions和
上文構成轉折關系，且空后有逗號，所以應用副詞however或
nevertheless，表示“然而”，句首首字母應大寫。故填
However/Nevertheless。
31. responsibly　修飾動詞use應用副詞。故填responsibly。
32. to trust　“疑問詞＋to do”在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、賓語
補足語等句子成分。此處在句中作介詞about的賓語。故填to trust。
ments　comment意為“評論”，為可數名詞，此處表示泛
指，所以應用復數形式。故填comments。
35. the　名詞way被定語從句you would like to be treated修飾，所以是
特指。故填the。
33. including　your personal information包括your phone number，
address and email account，故填介詞including。
36. are　主語the majority of online users為復數，且此處描述客觀事
實，所以應用一般現在時。故填are。
37. uncomfortable　根據上文Though可知，前后句意相反，所以此處
是指可能有一些用戶讓你在網上感到不舒服，所以應用形容詞作系動
詞feel的表語。故填uncomfortable。
38. as　the same as意為“與……相同”，為固定搭配。根據語境可
知，此處是指在網絡中的關系和現實生活中的關系是相同的。故填as。
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