資源簡介

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
維度一：品句填詞
1.The committee will 　　　　　　（發表） their report on the health service in a few weeks.
2.In the past four 　　　　　　（十年）， China has improved the living standards of the ordinary people.
3.Don’t waste your 　　　　　　（寶貴的） time by chatting online all day long.
4.When asked about the clinic’s future， the physician 　　　　　　（回復） that he remained optimistic.
5.Caring for the elderly is a traditional 　　　　　（美德）， which will contribute to a harmonious society.
6.I am writing with the aim of c　　　　　　　　 about the terrible service of the insurance company.
7.In the past decade， Huawei company has h　　　　 thousands of technical experts.
8.I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who t　　　　　　 my mother in the hospital.
維度二：單句語法填空
1.Public attitudes towards 　　　　　　（marry） have changed over the past 50 years.
2.People should make significant changes to their daily routines in 　　　　　　（respond） to serious air pollution.
3.　　　　　 （scare） to death， my colleague didn’t know how to deal with the whole horrible matter.
4.During the last ten years， the number of people taking part in physical fitness programmes has been increasing 　　　　　　（sharp）.
5.There is a growing 　　　　　　（tend） for people to work at home instead of in offices.
6.My grandfather is as 　　　　　　（energy） as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
7.When it comes to education， I believe that nothing is 　　　　　　　　　　（important） than making our kids competitive in the 21st century.
8.Make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the 　　　　　　（appoint） time.
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1.We are quite pleased to hear that 　　　　　　　　　　　captain of your school football team.
獲悉你已被任命為你們學校足球隊的隊長我們非常高興。
2.It was my headteacher’s encouragement and trust 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
正是我的班主任的鼓勵和信任幫助我渡過了生活和學習中的難關。
3.After that serious disease， I realise that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
那次嚴重的疾病之后，我意識到在生活中沒有什么比健康更重要。
4.The ancient temple 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the past two hundred years.
這座古廟見證了過去兩百年里這個村莊的巨大變遷。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I make the following promises.
作為對您投訴信的回應，我做出如下承諾。
維度四：課文語法填空
　　Lin Qiaozhi， who delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime，1.　　　　　　　　 （know） as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， though she never got married.2.　　　　　　 （affect） by her mother’s death， Lin Qiaozhi decided to study medicine 3.　　　　 the age of 18 instead of following the traditional path of 4.　　　　　　 （marry） like many other girls.After graduating from Peking Union Medical College， she was hired as a resident physician.5.　　　　　　　　 （work） for a few years， she was sent to Europe and the US，6.　　　　　　 she rejected her colleagues’ offer to stay， but returned home.Though appointed 7.　　　　　　 （hold） many important positions， she was more interested in tending patients.She held the belief that doctors should be responsible 8.　　　　 the patients.Dr Lin never retired.Even as she lay 9.　　　　　　 （die）， she was still thinking of others.This is Lin Qiaozhi， who devoted all her life to 10.　　　　　　 （help） the women and children in need of her help.
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·臨汾高一下期末）In Fujian Province during the Northern Song Dynasty （960－1127） there lived a man called Yang Shi.He devoted his whole life to study， and to spreading his ideas and theories.At that time， the brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi， famous scholars in the capital， Luoyang， were teachers of the Way of Confucius and Mencius.
　　When Yang Shi heard of them， instead of going to where an official post had been assigned to him， he made his way to Luoyang and became Cheng Hao’s student.When Yang Shi finished his studies and left for home， Cheng Hao said with satisfaction， “My ideas are finally being spread in the south.” Four years later， Cheng Hao died and Yang Shi was extremely sad.
　　Later， Yang Shi made his way once more to Luoyang， where he asked Cheng Yi， Cheng Hao’s younger brother， to be his teacher.He wanted to make further progress in his studies.At that time Yang Shi was over forty years old， and a pretty well-known scholar， but he was very modest and respectful of teachers.
　　One day， Yang Shi and a fellow student， You Zuo， got into a dispute over a certain matter.Finding that they could not reconcile their differences， they decided to consult their teacher.
　　It happened to be the deep winter.When they reached Cheng Yi’s house they found him sitting by a stove meditating （冥想）.Yang Shi and his classmate did not dare to disturb their teacher， but stood respectfully outside the door waiting for him to wake up.
　　The snow fell relentlessly， thicker and thicker.After a long time， Cheng Yi came out of his reverie.He looked out of the window， to see the two men standing in a blizzard， covered in snow.The teacher hastily arose and ushered them inside.
　　Later， when Yang Shi had completed his study with Master Cheng Yi， he returned to the south and spread his teacher’s ideas.The story “Standing in the Snow at Cheng’s Door” became a fine tale transmitted from generation to generation advocating respect for teachers and for study.
1.What did Yang Shi do before he became Cheng Hao’s student？（　　）
A.He learned from Cheng Yi.
B.He gave up an official post.
C.He paid a visit to Cheng Yi.
D.He spread Cheng Yi’s ideas.
2.What does the underlined word “reconcile” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A.Settle. B.Notice.
C.Identify. D.Explain.
3.How did Cheng Yi probably feel when he saw his two students？（　　）
A.Surprised and moved.
B.Satisfied and delighted.
C.Confused and doubtful.
D.Disappointed and curious.
4.What message does this story intend to convey？（　　）
A.Always have a thirst for knowledge.
B.Keep learning from different teachers.
C.Acquire as much knowledge as possible.
D.Show respect for teachers and knowledge.
B
　　（2024·蘭州高一下質檢）What’s really behind the global rise in working longer and longer hours？We are all workers， whether we work in an office as managers， in a hot and noisy factory as workers or as housewives at home.
　　The important message is： Work is for man and not man for work！Through work， man develops himself， his personality and his sense of self-worth.It is also through work that man produces goods and services contributing and participating in the development and society.
　　According to latest International Labor Organization statistics， more than 400 million employed people worldwide work 49 or more hours per week.
　　In a recent interview with The New York Times， even Elon Musk， CEO of Tesla， felt moved to describe his 47th birthday spent locked in his factory， pulling an all-nighter.“No friends， nothing，” he said.It might have been just another day in another 120-hour work week.“This has really come at the expense of seeing my kids and seeing friends，” he added.
　　Hustling over long hours and weekends has become a staple of start-up culture in Silicon Valley — hence， it has also filtered out to many parts of the world.
　　The problem is that this “long hours” culture likely defeats the purpose of getting more things done， or at least puts a very high price on doing them.There is plenty of evidence that working overtime reduces your productivity， and makes you feel and actually be less healthy.It also makes you more likely to develop a whole range of diseases.
　　Keep in mind that working for days at a time is not smart， even if you were Elon Musk.The news of his unhealthy work routine has not been well received by investors， and Tesla’s stock fell 8.8% shortly after the NYT interview， amid suspicions of Musk’s poor mental health.
5.What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A.The value of working.
B.The purpose of working.
C.The necessity of working long.
D.The importance of working hard.
6.What’s the author’s purpose of giving the example of Elon Musk？（　　）
A.To prove CEOs work harder.
B.To show CEOs are very busy.
C.To show working long is common.
D.To prove working long is rewarding.
7.What does the author think of working long hours？（　　）
A.It’s valuable.　　 　B.It’s harmful.
C.It’s necessary. D.It’s understandable.
8.How did the investors probably feel when they watched Elon Musk’s interview？（　　）
A.Very satisfied. B.Very confused.
C.A little surprised. D.A little disappointed.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·濟寧高一下月考）Loneliness is commonly used to describe a negative emotional state.9.（　　） It is the pain we have felt following a break-up， perhaps the loss of a loved one， or a move away from home.
　　The unpleasant feelings of loneliness are subjective； researchers have found loneliness is not about the amount of time one spends with other people or alone.10.（　　） A lonely person feels that he or she is not understood by others， and may not think they hold meaningful relationships.
　　For some people， loneliness may be temporary and easily relieved.For others， loneliness cannot be easily resolved and can persist （持續） when one does not have access to people to connect with.
　　11.（　　） This makes it little different from hunger， thirst or physical pain， which signals the need to eat， drink or seek medical attention.
　　In modern societies， however， turning off the alarm signals for loneliness has become more difficult than satisfying hunger， thirst or the need to see the doctor.12.（　　）
　　Loneliness has largely been ignored as a condition of concern in mental health.Researchers have yet to fully understand the extent of how loneliness affects mental health.Most studies of loneliness and mental health have focused only on how loneliness relates to depression.
　　13.（　　） Loneliness refers specifically to negative feelings about the social world， while depression refers to a more general set of negative feelings.In a study that measured loneliness in older adults over a five-year period， loneliness predicted depression， but the reverse was not true.
A.Some people like to be alone.
B.They find it difficult to deal with loneliness.
C.Loneliness can be seen as a signal to connect with others.
D.Almost all of us have experienced loneliness at some point.
E.It is related more to quality of relationships， rather than quantity.
F.Although loneliness and depression are partly related， they are different.
G.For those who are not surrounded by people who care for them， loneliness can persist.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·山西五校高一下聯考）Trustworthiness means honesty， not cheating others， and meaning what one says.Many stories about honesty have been 　14　 from ancient China.
　　Zengzi， also called Zeng Shen， is 　15　 as one of the most well-known philosophers in China.Early one morning， Zengzi’s wife started out for the 　16　.Her small son， not wishing to be left behind， ran after her， crying.She tried to 　17　 to him that he was too young and the distance too long for him to 　18　 her to the market.She said，“If you wait for me at home， I will slaughter （屠宰） a pig and make a nice 　19　 of pork for you.” The child， hearing this， 　20　 his tears into a smile and went back to the house.
　　When Zengzi’s wife got back home she showed no 　21　 for a long time of slaughtering a pig.And so， Zengzi himself 　22　 to do so， when his wife rushed over to stop him， saying，“You shouldn’t take my word 　23　 — I only said that to quieten the child.”
　　Zengzi said， “It was 　24　 of you to behave like this.You must keep your word； even a little child must not be deceived.Children are like 　25　 sheets of paper and they learn everything from their 　26　 actions.Because you have deceived the boy， in the future he will deceive others.”
　　Hearing her husband’s explanation， Zengzi’s wife 　27　 having deceived the child， and she 　28　 Zengzi in slaughtering the pig， and then cooked a steaming dish of fragrant pork for the child.
14.（　）A.set down　　　　B.passed down
C.taken up D.looked over
15.（　）A.confirmed B.advocated
C.regarded D.imagined
16.（　）A.market B.restaurant
C.hotel D.village
17.（　）A.suggest B.explain
C.propose D.instruct
18.（　）A.protect B.imitate
C.support D.accompany
19.（　）A.dish B.feast
C.part D.offer
20.（　）A.changed B.controlled
C.replaced D.removed
21.（　）A.hope B.chance
C.sign D.scene
22.（　）A.demanded B.prepared
C.attempted D.requested
23.（　）A.carefully B.officially
C.naturally D.seriously
24.（　）A.strange B.wrong
C.typical D.interesting
25.（　）A.precious B.simple
C.familiar D.blank
26.（　）A.parents’ B.teachers’
C.friends’ D.brothers’
27.（　）A.avoided B.prevented
C.regretted D.imagined
28.（　）A.agreed B.joined
C.predicted D.reached
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　（2024·鄭州高一下期末）As man has a moral nature， to adhere to moral principles should be everyone’ s first 29.　　　　　　 （consider）.Moral principles are more important than all other things， including position， wealth， even life.Confucius said，“Wealth and high position 30.　　　　　　 （desire） by all men， but I would not have them if they were not won in the right way.Poverty and low position are hated by all men， 31.　　　　　　 I would not leave them if they could not be rid of in the right way.”
　　Confucius gave very clear explanations to the meaning of humanity： It means to love other men， to help others to stand up， and not to impose （強加） on others 32.　　　　　 they do not desire themselves.
　　Confucius himself loved other men.At that time when social classes 33.　　　　　　 （be） distinct， he accepted as students people 34.　　　　　　 all levels of society and taught all of them.In 35.　　　　　　 （teach） his students， Confucius was in fact helping them to stand up （succeed） and understand things （the truth）.
In connection with humanity， Confucius mentioned many other 36.　　　　　　 （virtue）， such as rightness， propriety， wisdom， trustworthiness， loyalty， forbearance， filial piety and brotherly love.He called a man 37.　　　　　　 had virtues a gentleman and a man who was not virtuous a mean man.A virtuous man is always open and sincere， ready to help other men， free from worries and fears， and at peace with 38.　　　　　　 （he） and the world.
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
基礎知識自測
維度一
1.publish　2.decades　3.precious　4.responded　5.virtue
6.complaining　7.hired　8.tended
維度二
1.marriage　2.response　3.Scared　4.sharply　5.tendency
6.energetic　7.more important　8.appointed
維度三
1.you have been appointed as/to be
2.that carried me through the hardships in my life and study
3.nothing is more important than health in life
4.has seen great changes of the village
5.In response to your letter of complaint
維度四
1.was known　2.Affected　3.at　4.marriage　5.Having worked
6.where　7.to hold　8.for　9.dying　10.helping
素養能力提升
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。程顥、程頤兄弟倆都是宋代極有學問的人。進士楊時先拜程顥為師，后來又拜程頤為師。一次楊時和同學去請教程頤問題，適逢老師休息，于是他們在門外等候，直至地面積雪一尺多厚。
1.B　推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，楊時先放棄了自己的高官厚祿，然后去洛陽拜程顥為師。
2.A　詞義猜測題。根據第四段可知，一天，楊時和他的同學游酢為一件事發生了爭執。由于他們無法解決分歧，所以才決定去找老師。因此，畫線詞reconcile與settle意思相近。
3.A　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段可知，當程頤向窗外望去，看到那兩個人站在暴風雪中，渾身是雪。程頤急忙站起來，把他們領進房間。根據當時的情景，我們可以判斷老師會非常吃驚和感動。
4.D　主旨大意題。綜合全文可知，“程門立雪”這一故事，主要揭示了尊師重道這一中華民族的傳統美德。最后一段對本文的主旨作了概括。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今人們工作時間越來越長，作者認為長時間工作有很大危害。
5.A　段落大意題。根據第二段可知，本段主要闡述了工作的價值。
6.C　推理判斷題。第三段先指出全球有4億多人每周工作49小時以上，接下來第四段又以Elon Musk為例，說明超時工作很常見。
7.B　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，作者認為長時間工作不利于完成更多的任務，這樣做會付出很高的代價。
8.D　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，紐約時報采訪Elon Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%。由此推知，投資者可能感覺有點失望。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。人人都會有孤獨的時候，孤獨可能會影響我們的心理健康。
9.D　第一段是對孤獨的概括性論述，D項說明孤獨在我們生活中的普遍性，符合語境。
10.E　上句指出孤獨并不在于我們與他人相處或獨處時間的長短，而E項是對此意的進一步闡釋。
11.C　本段說明孤獨就像饑餓、口渴或疼痛一樣，都是身體發出的一種信號。下文的signal一詞暗示C項符合語境。
12.G　上文指出在現代社會人們所面臨的孤獨問題變得更難解決，而G項也說明了解決孤獨的困難。
13.F　下文介紹了孤獨和抑郁之間的區別，因此F項符合語境。
Ⅲ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。曾子是我國春秋末年思想家、儒家學派的代表人物之一。文章主要講述了他說服妻子信守諾言、為孩子殺豬的故事。
14.B　許多關于誠實的故事從中國古代被流傳下來。pass sth down將某物從一代傳給下一代。
15.C　曾子，又名曾參，被認為是中國最著名的哲學家之一。regard ...as ...是固定短語，意為“把……看作……”。
16.A　根據下文可知，曾子的妻子要去市場。
17.B　由于孩子哭鬧，曾子的妻子努力跟他解釋。
18.D　曾子的妻子跟孩子說市場太遠，他不能陪她去。
19.A　曾子的妻子給孩子承諾：“如果你在家等我，我會宰一頭豬，給你做一盤美味的豬肉。”dish這里指“一碟食物； 一道菜”。
20.A　孩子聽了母親的話，立刻淚水變作歡笑。
21.C　曾子的妻子回到家后，很長一段時間沒有任何宰殺豬的跡象。
22.B　看到妻子沒有任何反應，曾子準備自己動手去殺豬。
23.D　妻子對曾子說：“你不用把我前面說的話太當真。” take ...seriously表示“認真對待”。
24.B　根據下文可知，曾子在指責妻子的做法不對，應該對孩子言而有信。
25.D　曾子認為，孩子們就像一張張白紙，他們從父母的行為中學到一切。blank空白的。
26.A　根據語境可知，這里是在強調父母的言行對孩子的重要影響。
27.C　聽了曾子的話后，妻子對自己前面欺騙孩子的行為感到后悔。
28.B　然后妻子跟曾子一起去殺豬，為孩子做美味佳肴。
Ⅳ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了我國偉大圣人孔子眼里的道德觀。
29.consideration　本空前面的everyone’s first暗示這里應用名詞。
30.are desired　本句主語為Wealth and high position，表示復數概念，且陳述一個客觀事實，應用一般現在時。故填are desired。
31.but　此處孔子的原句為：“富與貴，是人之所欲也；不以其道得之，不處也。貧與賤，是人之所惡也；不以其道得之，不去也。”由于前后兩個分句表達轉折關系，因此用連詞but。
32.what　本空前面有動詞impose，因此這里應用連接代詞what引導一個賓語從句。這里表示“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
33.were　本句主語為social classes，表示復數概念，另外在陳述過去的情況，故填were。
34.from　這里表示孔子接受來自社會各階層的學生。from all levels of society來自社會各個階層。
35.teaching　本空前面有介詞In，因此這里應用動詞-ing形式作其賓語。
36.virtues　本空后面列舉了各種優點和美德，因此用名詞的復數形式。
37.who/that　本空前面的man是先行詞，因此這里應用關系代詞who/that引導定語從句。
38.himself　本句主語為A virtuous man，這里表示一個君子經常會與自己和平相處，也就是獲得內心的平靜與安寧。
5 / 6Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
　　“Life is precious① . ...[1]To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust② me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman， and what carried her through③a life of hard choices.
　　As a five-year-old girl， Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother’s death.[2]At age 18， instead of following the traditional path of marriage④ like the majority⑤ of girls， she chose to work and study. “Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained⑥， thinking of the high tuition⑦ fees⑧.[3]She responded⑨， “I’d rather stay single to study all my life！” Later， she went on to study medicine as she had wished.
　　In 1929， Lin graduated from Peking Union⑩ Medical College （PUMC） with the Wenhai Scholarship ， the highest prize given to graduates.[4]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.Within six months， she was named a chief resident physician， a position that usually took four years to achieve.After working for a few years， she was sent to study in Europe and then， in 1939， in the US.She greatly impressed her American colleagues ， who invited her to stay.Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.She wanted to serve the women and children at home.
　　[1]句中nothing is more precious than their life 為“否定詞＋形容詞比較級＋than ...”結構，表示最高級的含義。動詞-ing形式saying ...作伴隨狀語。
　　[2]following the traditional path ...是動詞-ing短語作賓語。
　　[3]would rather do ...寧愿做……
　　[4]在the first、 the second、 the last、 the next、 the only等詞和形容詞最高級后，或在被這些詞修飾的名詞、代詞后，常用動詞不定式作后置定語。
　　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital， but just a few months later， the department was closed because of the war.[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help， Dr Lin opened a private clinic .She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
　　[6]The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. In 1954， she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and， over the next several decades ， she held many important positions.Her heart， however， was elsewhere .She was more interested in tending patients， publishing medical research on care for women and children， and training the next generation of doctors.“The OB-GYN department cares for two lives，” she told new staff in her department.“As doctors， we should be responsible for the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
　　Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.[7]Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.Since she had no children of her own ， she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.And even as she lay dying， her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go，” she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any more.Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
　　[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help ...是動詞-ing短語作狀語。
　　[6]playing a key role是動詞-ing短語作賓語補足語。
　　[7]not ...until ...直到……才……
【讀文清障】
①precious adj.珍稀的；寶貴的
②entrust vt.委托；交付
③carry sb through sth
幫助某人渡過難關
④marriage n.結婚；婚姻
⑤majority n.大部分；大多數
⑥complain vi.& vt.抱怨；發牢騷
⑦tuition n.（小組）教學；講課
⑧fee n.專業服務費；報酬
tuition fees學費
⑨respond vt.回答；回復
vi.做出反應；回應
response n.反應；回答；回復
⑩union n.協會；聯合會；工會
scholarship n.獎學金
hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用
n.租借；租用
physician n.醫師；（尤指）內科醫生
resident physician
住院醫師
colleague n.同事；同僚
reject vt.拒絕接受；不錄用
rejection n.拒絕接受；否決
appoint vt.任命；委派
clinic n.診所；門診部
faraway adj.遙遠的
elect vt.選舉；推選
election n.選舉；推選；當選
decade n.十年；十年期
elsewhere adv.在別處；去別處
tend vt.照顧；照料
vi.傾向；趨于
tend to do sth
易于做某事；往往會發生某事
publish vt.發表（作品）；出版
staff n.員工；全體職員
be responsible for ...對……負責
be known as ...作為……而出名
retire vi.& vt.退休；退職；退出
of one’s own 屬于某人自己的
saving n.節省物；節省；節約；[pl.] 儲蓄金；存款
kindergarten n.學前班；幼兒園
【參考譯文】
萬嬰之母
　　“生命是寶貴的。……對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生命更加珍貴了。而現在這個人對你說，我把生命交給你，那么你還說什么呢？你冷？你餓？你困？”林巧稚醫生這一席話使我們得以窺見這位非凡女性的內心世界，并了解是什么支撐她度過充滿艱難抉擇的一生。
　　林巧稚五歲時母親病故，這對她影響極大。十八歲時，她沒有像大多數的女孩那樣走上婚姻這一傳統道路，而是選擇工作和學習。“女孩子讀那么多書干嘛？找個好丈夫才是她們的歸宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的學費就這么抱怨。她回答：“我寧愿一輩子不嫁人，也要學醫！”后來，如她所愿她繼續學醫。
　　1929年，林巧稚從北京協和醫學院畢業，并獲得了該校畢業生的最高榮譽獎——“文海”獎學金。她隨即成為北京協和醫院婦產科聘任的第一位女住院醫師。不到六個月，她就成了住院主任醫師，而升任這一職位通常需要四年時間。工作了幾年之后，她被派往歐洲學習，之后于1939年又赴美學習。美國同行對她印象極佳，邀請她留下。但是，林醫生謝絕了邀請。她希望服務祖國的婦女和兒童。
　　1941年，林醫生成為北京協和醫院婦產科的首位中國籍女主任，但是僅僅數月之后，婦產科就因為戰爭而關閉。想到還有那么多人需要幫助，林醫生開辦了一間私人診所。她向病人收取的治療費用極低，而且經常為窮苦病人減免費用。有時人們甚至會看到她騎著毛驢去遙遠的村莊給人看病。
　　中華人民共和國成立后，林巧稚醫生發揮了更大的作用。1954年，她當選第一屆全國人大代表；在隨后的幾十年間，她擔任許多重要職位。然而，她的心卻在別處。她更感興趣的是治病救人、發表婦幼護理醫學研究成果、培養下一代的醫生。“婦產科救治的是母嬰兩條生命，”她對科室新入職的醫務人員說道，“作為醫生，我們必須對患者負責，視她們如姐妹。”
　　雖然林巧稚終身未婚，但是她被稱為“萬嬰之母”，她一生中親手接生的嬰兒有五萬多名。林醫生堅守在崗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。由于自己沒有孩子，她把積蓄捐給了一家幼兒園和一項新醫生基金。即使在她彌留之際，她最后惦念的仍是他人。“我要走了，”她說，“不要再搶救了，不要再浪費藥品了。”
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
1.Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
2.What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.Dr Lin’s road to success.
B.Dr Lin’s contributions to society.
C.How Dr Lin made choices in her life.
D.How Dr Lin delivered babies in the hospital.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
1.What did Dr Lin Qiaozhi think was the most precious？（　　）
A.Medicine. B.Choice.
C.Marriage. D.Life.
2.What made Lin Qiaozhi’s brother angry with her？（　　）
A.Her mother’s death.
B.Her goal to study medicine.
C.Her decision to be single.
D.Her marriage like most girls.
3.What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Lin married very late.
B.Lin adopted many babies.
C.Lin died while working.
D.Lin founded a kindergarten.
4.Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin？（　　）
A.Smart and careful.
B.Positive and confident.
C.Serious and patient.
D.Hard-working and kind.
第三步：品佳句妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing Lin Qiaozhi’s selfless devotion to her work.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：抒己見提升思維
1.What kind of person do you think Dr Lin was？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：辨難句拆分解讀
1.To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
句式分析
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.
句式分析
自主翻譯 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
核心詞匯集釋
majority n.大部分；大多數
【教材原句】　At age 18， instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls， she chose to work and study.
十八歲時，她沒有像大多數的女孩那樣走上婚姻這一傳統道路，而是選擇了工作和學習。
【用法】
（1）the majority of ... 大多數…… be in the majority 占大部分/大多數 （2）major vi. 主修 n. 主修課程 adj. 主要的；重要的 major in 主修……；以……為專業
【佳句】　Nowadays， the majority of students have developed a strong interest in the subject of physics.
如今，大多數學生對物理學科產生了濃厚的興趣。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Though the majority 　　　　　　　　（be） against the plan， the manager still asked his staff to carry it out.
【寫美】　詞匯升級
②A recent survey suggests that many students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
→A recent survey suggests that 　　　　　　　　　　students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
complain vi.& vt.抱怨；發牢騷
【教材原句】　“Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained， thinking of the high tuition fees.“女孩子讀那么多書干嘛？找個好丈夫才是她們的歸宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的學費就這么抱怨。
【用法】
（1）complain to sb　　　　向某人抱怨，發牢騷 complain about sth 抱怨某事 （2）complaint n. 投訴，抱怨，怨言 make a complaint about 抱怨……；投訴……
【佳句】　①The daughter complained to her father about her life and how things were so hard for her.女兒向父親抱怨她的生活，她覺得凡事都很艱難。
②I’ve made a complaint to the police about the noise.我已就噪音問題向警方投訴。
【點津】　complain 不能直接跟人作賓語，應加介詞to。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I feel it no use 　　　　　　　　（complain）；instead， I should take action immediately.
②It was obvious that all my 　　　　　　（complain） about the service of your restaurants were useless.
【寫美】　完成句子
③I’m writing to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the poor service of your hotel.
我寫信是投訴你們酒店的服務不好。
④We’ve 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　about product quality.
我們收到其中一位顧客對產品質量的投訴。
respond vt.回答；回復vi.做出反應；回應
【教材原句】　She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all my life！”
她回答：“我寧愿一輩子不嫁人，也要學醫！”
【用法】
（1）respond to　　　　對……做出反應或回應 respond that ... 回答說…… （2）response n. 反應；回答；回復 in response （to ...）　作為（對……）的答復 make （a） response to 回答；對……做出回應
【佳句】　When asked about how to improve Chinese， he responded that we should listen to and speak Chinese every day.
當被問到如何提高漢語時，他答復說我們應該每天聽漢語、說漢語。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I would be grateful if you could respond 　　　my message at your earliest convenience.
②The exhibition has received a positive 　　　　　　（respond） from visitors.
【寫美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
為了響應觀眾的強烈要求，這出戲將在這個劇院一周上演兩次。
reject vt.拒絕接受；不錄用
【教材原句】　Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.但是，林醫生謝絕了邀請。
【用法】
（1）reject an offer　　　拒絕接受一項提議 reject a suggestion 拒絕接受一個建議 （2）rejection n. 拒絕接受；否決
【佳句】　Children feel abandoned or rejected if they don’t see their parents regularly.
如果孩子們不能經常見到父母，他們會感到被拋棄或被拒絕。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①His proposal was 　　　　　　by his manager at the meeting.The 　　　　　　made him feel horrible.（reject）
【寫美】　完成句子
②I applied for a job as a mechanic in a local garage， but 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我申請了當地一家汽車修理廠的機械師工作，但被拒絕了。
appoint vt.任命；委派
【教材原句】　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital， but just a few months later， the department was closed because of the war.1941年，林醫生成為北京協和醫院婦產科的首位中國籍女主任，但是僅僅數月之后，婦產科就因為戰爭而關閉。
【用法】
（1）appoint sb to do sth　委派某人做某事 appoint sb as/to be＋職務 任命某人擔任某職務 （2）appointment n. 約會；任命 make an appointment with sb 與某人約會 （3）appointed adj. 約定的；指定的
【佳句】　Learning that you are appointed as the chairman of the student union， I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you.（祝賀信）
得知你被任命為學生會主席，我寫信向你致以誠摯的祝賀。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①If you want to see the doctor， you’d better make an 　　　　　　　　（appoint） with him in advance.
②I strongly suggest that you should arrive on time or earlier than the 　　　　　　（appoint） time，which is significant to show your politeness.
【寫美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I am terribly sorry for not keeping you company to the bookshop 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
由于已經和醫生預約，我非常抱歉不能在約定的時間陪你去書店了。
elect vt.選舉；推選
【教材原句】　In 1954， she was elected to the first National People’s Congress and， over the next several decades， she held many important positions.
1954年，她當選第一屆全國人大代表；在隨后的幾十年間，她擔任許多重要職位。
【用法】
（1）elect sb to be/as ...　　選舉某人為…… （2）election n. 選舉；推選；當選
【佳句】　①We elected James to be chairman.
＝James was elected as chairman.
我們選舉詹姆斯為主席。
②In America， presidential elections are held every four years.
在美國，總統選舉每四年舉行一次。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①She became the first woman 　　　　　　（elect） to the Senate.
②If I have the honour to win the 　　　　　（elect）， I’ll try to organise as many activities as possible.
【寫美】　完成句子
③The group 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
該團體選出一名成員作為他們的發言人。
tend vt.照顧；照料 vi.傾向；趨于
【教材原句】　She was more interested in tending patients， publishing medical research on care for women and children， and training the next generation of doctors.
她更感興趣的是治病救人、發表婦幼護理醫學研究成果、培養下一代的醫生。
【用法】
（1）tend to do/be ...　　 　易于/趨向…… tend （to） sb/sth 照顧某人/物 （2）tendency n. 趨向；傾向 There is a tendency that ... 有一種趨勢/傾向 have a tendency to do sth 傾向于做某事；喜歡做某事
【佳句】　Parents tend to believe that they need to provide their children with good living conditions.父母往往認為他們要為孩子們提供良好的生活條件。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①There is a growing 　　　　　　（tend） among middle school students that they will do some voluntary work during their vacations.
【寫美】　詞匯升級
②It is because my mother has looked after me carefully that I have recovered from the disease so quickly.
→It is because my mother has 　　　　　　me carefully that I have recovered from the disease so quickly.
retire vi.& vt.退休；退職；退出
【教材原句】　Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.
林醫生堅守在崗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。
【用法】
（1）retire from ...　　　從……退休 retire as ... 以……身份退休 （2）retirement n. 退休；退職 retired adj. 已退休的；已退職的
【佳句】　①He was forced to retire early from his position because of poor health.
由于身體不好，他被迫提前從該職位退下來。
②He announced his retirement as chief executive of the company.
他宣布辭去公司首席執行官的職務。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①At age 68， he 　　　　　　（retire） from the post office， but he never stopped serving the community.
②A 　　　　　　（retire） engineer， 76-year-old Wilson， has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
【寫美】　完成句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， she has done voluntary work for a charity.從公司退休后，她一直在一家慈善機構做志愿工作。
scared adj.害怕的；對……感到驚慌或恐懼的
【教材原句】　She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.她在面試中非常害怕，以至于完全忘記了自己應該如何回答這些問題。
【用法】
（1）scare sb into doing sth 威脅/恐嚇某人做某事 scare sb/sth away/off 把某人/物嚇跑 （2）be scared
【佳句】　When the other passengers were scared to death， that child was completely calm and brave.當其他乘客都被嚇得要死時，那個孩子卻十分冷靜，毫不畏懼。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They made very loud noises in order to scare the birds 　　　　　　.
【寫美】　一句多譯
②我們害怕會被兇猛的熊傷害。
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by the fierce bear.
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by the fierce bear.
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by the fierce bear.
energetic adj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的
【教材原句】　One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are eager to learn.雇用精力充沛、積極向上的年輕人的好處之一是，他們往往對自己的工作表現出興趣，而且渴望學習。
【用法】
（1）feel energetic　　　　感到精力充沛 （2）energy n. 能量；精力 be full of energy 精力旺盛
【佳句】　It can help me keep healthy and energetic as well as provides me with a chance to make friends.
它可以幫助我保持健康和精力充沛，并為我提供一個交朋友的機會。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I’d like to offer some suggestions on how to keep healthy and 　　　　　　（energy）.
②I’m going to devote all my 　　　　　　（energy） to getting a better job.
【寫美】　完成句子
③It’s necessary for you to eat more fruit， which will 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
你有必要多吃點水果，這能給你提供足夠的能量。
replace vt.接替；取代；更換；把……放回原處
【教材原句】　The student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary.
學生會將在一月份舉行一次特別會議，選舉一個人接替這位秘書。
【用法】
replace A with/by B　　　以B代替/替換A replace sth 代替某物/某事
【佳句】　①As far as I’m concerned， traditional classes can’t be replaced by online ones.
就我而言，傳統課程不能被網課所代替。
②Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation’s main industry.
旅游業已取代農業成為這個國家的主要產業。
【聯想】　與replace詞義相近的其他短語：
①take the place of 　　　②take one’s place
③in place of ④instead of
【練透】　單句語法填空
①As far as I’m concerned， it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them 　　　　snacks.
②It would be difficult to find a man 　　　　　　　　　　（replace） the present manager.
【寫美】　一句多譯
③我非常高興代替我的同事在開幕式上作演講。
→I am very pleased to 　　　　　　　　　　my colleague to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony.
→I am very pleased to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony 　　　　　　　my colleague.
重點句型解構
句型公式：“否定詞＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than ...”表示最高級含義
【教材原句】　To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生命更加珍貴了。而現在這個人對你說，我把生命交給你，那么你還說什么呢？你冷？你餓？你困？
【用法】
表示最高級含義的常用表達法： （1）否定詞＋so/as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as （2）can/could＋never/not ...enough/too ...再……也不過分
【品悟】　When learning that I won the first prize in the writing contest， I had never been more excited. （2023·新課標Ⅰ卷）
當得知我在寫作比賽中獲得第一名時，我從來沒有這么興奮過。
【寫美】　完成句子/ 一句多譯
①In the face of disasters， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在災難面前，沒有什么比人的生命更珍貴。
②You 　　　　　　　　　　while driving a car in any case.
在任何情況下，開車越小心越好。
③湯姆是我們班最勤奮的學生。
→Tom is 　　　　　　　　　　　in our class.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 Tom in our class.
句型公式：the＋序數詞＋名詞＋to do sth
【教材原句】　She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
她隨即成為北京協和醫院婦產科聘任的第一位女住院醫師。
【用法】
（1）當中心詞是序數詞或被序數詞、形容詞最高級等修飾或前有the only， the last， the right等時，常用動詞不定式作后置定語。 （2）在time， way， chance， ability， promise等抽象名詞后常用動詞不定式作后置定語。
【品悟】　Jack was the first person to think of a good idea to help Bernard make money by making popcorn.杰克是第一個想到一個好辦法來幫助伯納德通過做爆米花賺錢的人。
【寫美】　完成句子
①Yang Liwei is not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
楊利偉不僅是第一個進入太空的中國人，還是世界上最偉大的宇航員之一。
②He is 　　　　　　　　　　　　that difficult maths problem.
他是第一個解出那道數學難題的學生。
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
【文本透析·剖語篇】
第一步
1.（1）student　（2）work　（3）physician　（4）tending
（5）training　（6）married
2.B
第二步
1－4　DBCD
第三步
　（1）To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
（2）She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.
（3）At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
（4）Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.
（5）Since she had no children of her own， she left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
（6）And even as she lay dying， her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go，” she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any more.Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
第四步
1.Dr Lin devoted all her life to the people selflessly.She was a kind-hearted woman， a scientist of the people， a model of the medical profession， a good daughter of the Chinese nation and an outstanding representative of contemporary women.
2.The way I see it， the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her life is serving others wholeheartedly.Whatever she did， the first thing that she thought of was other people’s interests.
第五步
1.對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生命更加珍貴了。而現在這個人對你說，我把生命交給你，那么你還說什么呢？你冷？你餓？你困？
2.雖然林巧稚終身未婚，但是她被稱為“萬嬰之母”，她一生中親手接生的嬰兒有五萬多名。
【核心知識·巧突破】
核心詞匯集釋
1.①was/were　②the majority of
2.①complaining　②complaints
③complain about/make a complaint about
④received a complaint from one of our customers
3.①to　②response　③In response to/To respond to the audience’s great demand
4.①rejected； rejection　②I was rejected
5.①appointment　②appointed　③Having made an appointment with the doctor； at the appointed time
6.①to be elected　②election
③elected one of its members to be/as their spokesperson
7.①tendency　②tended （to）
8.①retired　②retired　③After/Since retiring from the company
9.①away/off　②were scared of being hurt； were scared to be hurt； were scared that we would be hurt
10.①energetic　②energies　③provide enough energy for you
11.①with/by　②to replace
③replace/take the place of； in place of/instead of
重點句型解構
1.①nothing is more precious than human lives　②can’t be too careful　③the most hard-working student； Nobody is more hard-working than
2.①the first Chinese to go to space
②the first student to figure out
12 / 12(共124張PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
1
篇章助解·釋疑難
目 錄
2
文本透析·剖語篇
3
核心知識·巧突破
4
課時檢測·提能力
篇章助解·釋疑難
力推課前預習
1
MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES
　　“Life is precious① . ...[1]To a person nothing is more precious
than their life， and if they entrust② me with that life， how could I refuse
that trust， saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？” These words of Dr
Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman， and
what carried her through③a life of hard choices.
　　As a five-year-old girl， Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her
mother’s death.[2]At age 18， instead of following the traditional path
of marriage④ like the majority⑤ of girls， she chose to work and study.
“Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good husband should be
their final goal！” her brother complained⑥， thinking of the high
tuition⑦ fees⑧.[3]She responded⑨， “I’d rather stay single to study
all my life！” Later， she went on to study medicine as she had wished.
　　In 1929， Lin graduated from Peking Union⑩ Medical College
（PUMC） with the Wenhai Scholarship ， the highest prize given to
graduates.[4]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired
as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
Hospital.Within six months， she was named a chief resident physician，
a position that usually took four years to achieve.After working for a few
years， she was sent to study in Europe and then， in 1939， in the US.
She greatly impressed her American colleagues ， who invited her to
stay.Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.She wanted to serve the
women and children at home.
【讀文清障】
①precious adj.珍稀的；寶貴的
②entrust vt.委托；交付
③carry sb through sth幫助某人渡過難關
④marriage n.結婚；婚姻
⑤majority n.大部分；大多數
⑥complain vi.& vt.抱怨；發牢騷
⑦tuition n.（小組）教學；講課
⑧fee n.專業服務費；報酬
tuition fees學費
⑨respond vt.回答；回復
vi.做出反應；回應
response n.反應；回答；回復
⑩union n.協會；聯合會；工會
scholarship n.獎學金
hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用
n.租借；租用
physician n.醫師；（尤指）內科醫生
resident physician 住院醫師
colleague n.同事；同僚
reject vt.拒絕接受；不錄用
rejection n.拒絕接受；否決
　　[1]句中nothing is more precious than their life 為“否定詞＋形容
詞比較級＋than ...”結構，表示最高級的含義。動詞-ing形式
saying ...作伴隨狀語。
　　[2]following the traditional path ...是動詞-ing短語作賓語。
　　[3]would rather do ...寧愿做……
　　[4]在the first、 the second、 the last、 the next、 the only等詞和
形容詞最高級后，或在被這些詞修飾的名詞、代詞后，常用動詞不
定式作后置定語。
　　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be
appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital，
but just a few months later， the department was closed because of the
war.[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help， Dr Lin opened a
private clinic .She charged very low fees to treat patients and often
reduced costs for poor patients.At times she was even seen riding a donkey
to faraway villages to provide medical care.
　　[6]The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi
playing a key role. In 1954， she was elected to the first National
People’s Congress and， over the next several decades ， she held
many important positions.Her heart， however， was elsewhere .She
was more interested in tending patients， publishing medical research
on care for women and children， and training the next generation of
doctors.“The OB-GYN department cares for two lives，” she told new
staff in her department.“As doctors， we should be responsible for
the patients and treat them as our sisters.”
　　Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the
“mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000
babies in her lifetime.[7]Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died，
22 April 1983.Since she had no children of her own ， she left her
savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.And even as she
lay dying， her final thoughts were for others.“I’m ready to go，”
she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any more.Don’t waste the medicine
any more.”
　　[5]Thinking of all the people still in need of help ...是動詞-ing短
語作狀語。
　　[6]playing a key role是動詞-ing短語作賓語補足語。
　　[7]not ...until ...直到……才……
appoint vt.任命；委派
clinic n.診所；門診部
faraway adj.遙遠的
elect vt.選舉；推選
election n.選舉；推選；當選
decade n.十年；十年期
elsewhere adv.在別處；去別處
tend vt.照顧；照料
vi.傾向；趨于
tend to do sth
易于做某事；往往會發生某事
publish vt.發表（作品）；出版
staff n.員工；全體職員
be responsible for ...對……負責
be known as ...作為……而出名
retire vi.& vt.退休；退職；退出
of one’s own 屬于某人自己的
saving n.節省物；節省；節約；
[pl.] 儲蓄金；存款
kindergarten n.學前班；幼兒園
【參考譯文】
萬嬰之母
　　“生命是寶貴的。……對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生
命更加珍貴了。而現在這個人對你說，我把生命交給你，那么你
還說什么呢？你冷？你餓？你困？”林巧稚醫生這一席話使我們
得以窺見這位非凡女性的內心世界，并了解是什么支撐她度過充
滿艱難抉擇的一生。
　　林巧稚五歲時母親病故，這對她影響極大。十八歲時，她沒有像
大多數的女孩那樣走上婚姻這一傳統道路，而是選擇工作和學習。
“女孩子讀那么多書干嘛？找個好丈夫才是她們的歸宿！”她的兄弟
一想到高昂的學費就這么抱怨。她回答：“我寧愿一輩子不嫁人，也
要學醫！”后來，如她所愿她繼續學醫。
　　1929年，林巧稚從北京協和醫學院畢業，并獲得了該校畢業生的
最高榮譽獎——“文海”獎學金。她隨即成為北京協和醫院婦產科聘
任的第一位女住院醫師。不到六個月，她就成了住院主任醫師，而升
任這一職位通常需要四年時間。工作了幾年之后，她被派往歐洲學
習，之后于1939年又赴美學習。美國同行對她印象極佳，邀請她留
下。但是，林醫生謝絕了邀請。她希望服務祖國的婦女和兒童。
　　1941年，林醫生成為北京協和醫院婦產科的首位中國籍女主任，
但是僅僅數月之后，婦產科就因為戰爭而關閉。想到還有那么多人需
要幫助，林醫生開辦了一間私人診所。她向病人收取的治療費用極
低，而且經常為窮苦病人減免費用。有時人們甚至會看到她騎著毛驢
去遙遠的村莊給人看病。
　　中華人民共和國成立后，林巧稚醫生發揮了更大的作用。1954
年，她當選第一屆全國人大代表；在隨后的幾十年間，她擔任許多重
要職位。然而，她的心卻在別處。她更感興趣的是治病救人、發表婦
幼護理醫學研究成果、培養下一代的醫生。“婦產科救治的是母嬰兩
條生命，”她對科室新入職的醫務人員說道，“作為醫生，我們必須
對患者負責，視她們如姐妹。”
　　雖然林巧稚終身未婚，但是她被稱為“萬嬰之母”，她一生中親
手接生的嬰兒有五萬多名。林醫生堅守在崗位上，直到1983年4月22
日她去世的那一天。由于自己沒有孩子，她把積蓄捐給了一家幼兒園
和一項新醫生基金。即使在她彌留之際，她最后惦念的仍是他人。
“我要走了，”她說，“不要再搶救了，不要再浪費藥品了。”
2
文本透析·剖語篇
助力語篇理解
1. Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
第一步：析架構理清脈絡
2. What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A. Dr Lin’s road to success.
B. Dr Lin’s contributions to society.
C. How Dr Lin made choices in her life.
D. How Dr Lin delivered babies in the hospital.
第二步：知細節明察秋毫
1. What did Dr Lin Qiaozhi think was the most precious？（　　）
A. Medicine. B. Choice.
C. Marriage. D. Life.
2. What made Lin Qiaozhi’s brother angry with her？（　　）
A. Her mother’s death.
B. Her goal to study medicine.
C. Her decision to be single.
D. Her marriage like most girls.
3. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Lin married very late.
B. Lin adopted many babies.
C. Lin died while working.
D. Lin founded a kindergarten.
4. Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin？（　　）
A. Smart and careful.
B. Positive and confident.
C. Serious and patient.
D. Hard-working and kind.
第三步：品佳句妙筆生輝
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing Lin
Qiaozhi’s selfless devotion to her work.





（1）To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they
entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m
cold， hungry， or tired？
（2）She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs
for poor patients.








（3）At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to
provide medical care.
（4）Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April 1983.
（5）Since she had no children of her own， she left her savings to a
kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
（6）And even as she lay dying， her final thoughts were for
others.“I’m ready to go，” she said.“Don’t try to rescue me any
more.Don’t waste the medicine any more.”
第四步：抒己見提升思維
1. What kind of person do you think Dr Lin was？




Dr Lin devoted all her life to the people selflessly.She was a kind-
hearted woman， a scientist of the people， a model of the medical
profession， a good daughter of the Chinese nation and an outstanding
representative of contemporary women.
2. What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the choices in her
life？



The way I see it， the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the
choices in her life is serving others wholeheartedly.Whatever she did，
the first thing that she thought of was other people’s interests.
第五步：辨難句拆分解讀
1. To a person nothing is more precious than their life， and if they entrust
me with that life， how could I refuse that trust， saying I’m cold，
hungry， or tired？
句式分析
自主翻譯


對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生命更加珍貴了。
而現在這個人對你說，我把生命交給你，那么你還說什么呢？你
冷？你餓？你困？　
2. Though Lin Qiaozhi never married， she was known as the “mother
of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in
her lifetime.
句式分析
自主翻譯

雖然林巧稚終身未婚，但是她被稱為“萬嬰之母”，
她一生中親手接生的嬰兒有五萬多名。　
核心知識·巧突破
探究課堂重點
3
majority n.大部分；大多數
【教材原句】　At age 18， instead of following the traditional path of
marriage like the majority of girls， she chose to work and study.十八歲
時，她沒有像大多數的女孩那樣走上婚姻這一傳統道路，而是選擇了
工作和學習。
【用法】
（1）the majority of ...　大多數……
be in the majority　　占大部分/大多數
（2）major vi.　　主修
n.　　主修課程
adj.　　主要的；重要的
major in　　主修……；以……為專業
【佳句】　Nowadays， the majority of students have developed a
strong interest in the subject of physics.
如今，大多數學生對物理學科產生了濃厚的興趣。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Though the majority （be） against the plan， the
manager still asked his staff to carry it out.
was/were　
【寫美】　詞匯升級
②A recent survey suggests that many students tend to learn English by
listening to English songs.
→A recent survey suggests that students tend to learn
English by listening to English songs.
the majority of　
complain vi.& vt.抱怨；發牢騷
【教材原句】　“Why should girls learn so much？ Finding a good
husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained， thinking
of the high tuition fees.
“女孩子讀那么多書干嘛？找個好丈夫才是她們的歸宿！”她的兄弟
一想到高昂的學費就這么抱怨。
（1）complain to sb　　　　向某人抱怨，發牢騷
complain about sth　　抱怨某事
（2）complaint n.　　投訴，抱怨，怨言
make a complaint about　　抱怨……；投訴……
【用法】
【佳句】　①The daughter complained to her father about her life and
how things were so hard for her.女兒向父親抱怨她的生活，她覺得凡事
都很艱難。
②I’ve made a complaint to the police about the noise.
我已就噪音問題向警方投訴。
【點津】　complain 不能直接跟人作賓語，應加介詞to。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I feel it no use （complain）；instead， I should take
action immediately.
②It was obvious that all my （complain） about the
service of your restaurants were useless.
complaining　
complaints　
【寫美】　完成句子
③I’m writing to the poor
service of your hotel.
我寫信是投訴你們酒店的服務不好。
④We’ve about
product quality.
我們收到其中一位顧客對產品質量的投訴。
complain about/make a complaint about　
received a complaint from one of our customers　
respond vt.回答；回復vi.做出反應；回應
【教材原句】　She responded，“I’d rather stay single to study all
my life！”
她回答：“我寧愿一輩子不嫁人，也要學醫！”
【用法】
（1）respond to　　　　　對……做出反應或回應
respond that ...　　回答說……
（2）response n.　　反應；回答；回復
in response （to ...）　　作為（對……）的答復
make （a） response to　　回答；對……做出回應
【佳句】　When asked about how to improve Chinese， he responded
that we should listen to and speak Chinese every day.
當被問到如何提高漢語時，他答復說我們應該每天聽漢語、說漢語。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I would be grateful if you could respond my message at your
earliest convenience.
②The exhibition has received a positive （respond） from
visitors.
to　
response　
【寫美】　完成句子
③ ， the
play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
為了響應觀眾的強烈要求，這出戲將在這個劇院一周上演兩次。
In response to/To respond to the audience’s great demand　
reject vt.拒絕接受；不錄用
【教材原句】　Dr Lin， however， rejected the offer.但是，林醫生謝
絕了邀請。
【用法】
（1）reject an offer　　　　　拒絕接受一項提議
reject a suggestion　　拒絕接受一個建議
（2）rejection n.　　拒絕接受；否決
【佳句】　Children feel abandoned or rejected if they don’t see their
parents regularly.
如果孩子們不能經常見到父母，他們會感到被拋棄或被拒絕。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①His proposal was by his manager at the
meeting.The made him feel horrible.（reject）
【寫美】　完成句子
②I applied for a job as a mechanic in a local garage， but
.
我申請了當地一家汽車修理廠的機械師工作，但被拒絕了。
rejected　
rejection　
I was
rejected　
appoint vt.任命；委派
【教材原句】　In 1941， Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever
to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
Hospital， but just a few months later， the department was closed
because of the war.
1941年，林醫生成為北京協和醫院婦產科的首位中國籍女主任，但是
僅僅數月之后，婦產科就因為戰爭而關閉。
（1）appoint sb to do sth　委派某人做某事
appoint sb as/to be＋職務　任命某人擔任某職務
（2）appointment n.　　約會；任命
make an appointment with sb　　與某人約會
（3）appointed adj.　　約定的；指定的
【用法】
【佳句】　Learning that you are appointed as the chairman of the
student union， I am writing to send my sincere congratulations to you.
（祝賀信）
得知你被任命為學生會主席，我寫信向你致以誠摯的祝賀。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①If you want to see the doctor， you’d better make an
（appoint） with him in advance.
②I strongly suggest that you should arrive on time or earlier than
the （appoint） time，which is significant to show your
politeness.
appointment　
appointed　
【寫美】　完成句子
③ ， I am terribly sorry
for not keeping you company to the bookshop .
由于已經和醫生預約，我非常抱歉不能在約定的時間陪你去書店了。
Having made an appointment with the doctor　
at the appointed time　
elect vt.選舉；推選
【教材原句】　In 1954， she was elected to the first National People’s
Congress and， over the next several decades， she held many important
positions.1954年，她當選第一屆全國人大代表；在隨后的幾十年間，
她擔任許多重要職位。
【用法】
（1）elect sb to be/as ...　　選舉某人為……
（2）election n.　　選舉；推選；當選
【佳句】　①We elected James to be chairman.
＝James was elected as chairman.
我們選舉詹姆斯為主席。
②In America， presidential elections are held every four years.在美國，
總統選舉每四年舉行一次。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①She became the first woman （elect） to the Senate.
②If I have the honour to win the （elect）， I’ll try to
organise as many activities as possible.
to be elected　
election　
【寫美】　完成句子
③The group .
該團體選出一名成員作為他們的發言人。
elected one of its members to be/as their spokesperson　
tend vt.照顧；照料 vi.傾向；趨于
【教材原句】　She was more interested in tending patients， publishing
medical research on care for women and children， and training the next
generation of doctors.
她更感興趣的是治病救人、發表婦幼護理醫學研究成果、培養下一代
的醫生。
（1）tend to do/be ...　　 　　易于/趨向……
tend （to） sb/sth　　照顧某人/物
（2）tendency n.　　趨向；傾向
There is a tendency that ...　　有一種趨勢/傾向
have a tendency to do sth　　傾向于做某事；喜歡做某事
【用法】
【佳句】　Parents tend to believe that they need to provide their children
with good living conditions.
父母往往認為他們要為孩子們提供良好的生活條件。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①There is a growing （tend） among middle school
students that they will do some voluntary work during their vacations.
tendency　
【寫美】　詞匯升級
②It is because my mother has looked after me carefully that I have
recovered from the disease so quickly.
→It is because my mother has me carefully that I have
recovered from the disease so quickly.
tended （to）　
retire vi.& vt.退休；退職；退出
【教材原句】　Dr Lin did not retire until the day she died， 22 April
1983.
林醫生堅守在崗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。
【用法】
（1）retire from ...　　　從……退休
retire as ...　　以……身份退休
（2）retirement n.　　退休；退職
retired adj.　　已退休的；已退職的
【佳句】　①He was forced to retire early from his position because of
poor health.
由于身體不好，他被迫提前從該職位退下來。
②He announced his retirement as chief executive of the company.他宣
布辭去公司首席執行官的職務。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①At age 68， he （retire） from the post office， but he
never stopped serving the community.
②A （retire） engineer， 76-year-old Wilson， has been
offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
retired　
retired　
【寫美】　完成句子
③ ， she has done voluntary
work for a charity.
從公司退休后，她一直在一家慈善機構做志愿工作。
After/Since retiring from the company　
scared adj.害怕的；對……感到驚慌或恐懼的
【教材原句】　She was so scared during the interview that she
completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.她在面試中非
常害怕，以至于完全忘記了自己應該如何回答這些問題。
【用法】
【佳句】　When the other passengers were scared to death， that child
was completely calm and brave.當其他乘客都被嚇得要死時，那個孩子
卻十分冷靜，毫不畏懼。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①They made very loud noises in order to scare the birds .
away/off　
【寫美】　一句多譯
②我們害怕會被兇猛的熊傷害。
→We by the fierce bear.
→We by the fierce bear.
→We by the fierce bear.
were scared of being hurt　
were scared to be hurt
were scared that we would be hurt　
energetic adj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的
【教材原句】　One of the advantages of hiring energetic and positive
young people is that they tend to show interest in their work and they are
eager to learn.
雇用精力充沛、積極向上的年輕人的好處之一是，他們往往對自己的
工作表現出興趣，而且渴望學習。
【用法】
（1）feel energetic　　　　感到精力充沛
（2）energy n.　　能量；精力
be full of energy　　精力旺盛
【佳句】　It can help me keep healthy and energetic as well as provides
me with a chance to make friends.
它可以幫助我保持健康和精力充沛，并為我提供一個交朋友的機會。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①I’d like to offer some suggestions on how to keep healthy
and （energy）.
②I’m going to devote all my （energy） to getting a better
job.
energetic　
energies　
【寫美】　完成句子
③It’s necessary for you to eat more fruit， which will
.
你有必要多吃點水果，這能給你提供足夠的能量。
provide enough
energy for you　
replace vt.接替；取代；更換；把……放回原處
【教材原句】　The student union will hold a special meeting in January
to elect someone to replace the secretary.
學生會將在一月份舉行一次特別會議，選舉一個人接替這位秘書。
【用法】
replace A with/by B　　　以B代替/替換A
replace sth　　代替某物/某事
【佳句】　①As far as I’m concerned， traditional classes can’t be
replaced by online ones.
就我而言，傳統課程不能被網課所代替。
②Tourism has replaced agriculture as the nation’s main industry.
旅游業已取代農業成為這個國家的主要產業。
【聯想】　與replace詞義相近的其他短語：
①take the place of ②take one’s place
③in place of ④instead of
【練透】 單句語法填空
①As far as I’m concerned， it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them snacks.
②It would be difficult to find a man （replace） the present manager.
with/by　
to replace　
【寫美】　一句多譯
③我非常高興代替我的同事在開幕式上作演講。
→I am very pleased to my colleague to
deliver a speech at the opening ceremony.
→I am very pleased to deliver a speech at the opening ceremony
my colleague.
replace/take the place of　
in
place of/instead of　
重點句型解構
句型公式：“否定詞＋形容詞/副詞比較級＋than ...”表示最高級
含義
【教材原句】　To a person nothing is more precious than their life，
and if they entrust me with that life， how could I refuse that trust，
saying I’m cold， hungry， or tired？
對一個人來說，沒有什么比他們的生命更加珍貴了。而現在這個人對
你說，我把生命交給你，那么你還說什么呢？你冷？你餓？你困？
表示最高級含義的常用表達法：
（1）否定詞＋so/as＋形容詞/副詞原級＋as
（2）can/could＋never/not ...enough/too ...再……也不過分
【用法】
【品悟】　When learning that I won the first prize in the writing
contest， I had never been more excited. （2023·新課標Ⅰ卷）
當得知我在寫作比賽中獲得第一名時，我從來沒有這么興奮過。
【寫美】　完成句子/ 一句多譯
①In the face of disasters，
.
在災難面前，沒有什么比人的生命更珍貴。
②You while driving a car in any case.
在任何情況下，開車越小心越好。
nothing is more precious than human
lives　
can’t be too careful　
③湯姆是我們班最勤奮的學生。
→Tom is in our class.
→ Tom in our class.
the most hard-working student　
Nobody is more hard-working than　
句型公式：the＋序數詞＋名詞＋to do sth
【教材原句】　She immediately became the first woman ever to be
hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC
Hospital.她隨即成為北京協和醫院婦產科聘任的第一位女住院醫師。
【用法】
（1）當中心詞是序數詞或被序數詞、形容詞最高級等修飾或前有the
only， the last， the right等時，常用動詞不定式作后置定語。
（2）在time， way， chance， ability， promise等抽象名詞后常用動
詞不定式作后置定語。
【品悟】　Jack was the first person to think of a good idea to help
Bernard make money by making popcorn.
杰克是第一個想到一個好辦法來幫助伯納德通過做爆米花賺錢的人。
【寫美】　完成句子
①Yang Liwei is not only but also one
of the greatest astronauts in the world.
楊利偉不僅是第一個進入太空的中國人，還是世界上最偉大的宇航員
之一。
②He is that difficult maths problem.
他是第一個解出那道數學難題的學生。
the first Chinese to go to space　
the first student to figure out　
課時檢測 · 提能力
培育學科素養
4
維度一：品句填詞
1. The committee will （發表） their report on the health
service in a few weeks.
2. In the past four （十年）， China has improved the
living standards of the ordinary people.
3. Don’t waste your （寶貴的） time by chatting online
all day long.
publish　
decades　
precious　
4. When asked about the clinic’s future， the physician
（回復） that he remained optimistic.
5. Caring for the elderly is a traditional （美德）， which will
contribute to a harmonious society.
6. I am writing with the aim of c about the terrible service of
the insurance company.
7. In the past decade， Huawei company has h thousands of
technical experts.
8. I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who t
my mother in the hospital.
responded　
virtue　
omplaining　
ired　
ended　
維度二：單句語法填空
1. Public attitudes towards （marry） have changed over
the past 50 years.
2. People should make significant changes to their daily routines
in （respond） to serious air pollution.
3. （scare） to death， my colleague didn’t know how to
deal with the whole horrible matter.
4. During the last ten years， the number of people taking part in physical
fitness programmes has been increasing （sharp）.
marriage　
response　
Scared　
sharply　
5. There is a growing （tend） for people to work at home
instead of in offices.
6. My grandfather is as （energy） as a young man and
hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
7. When it comes to education， I believe that nothing is
（important） than making our kids competitive in the
21st century.
8. Make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few
minutes before the （appoint） time.
tendency　
energetic　
more
important　
appointed　
維度三：固定搭配和句式
1. We are quite pleased to hear that
captain of your school football team.
獲悉你已被任命為你們學校足球隊的隊長我們非常高興。
2. It was my headteacher’s encouragement and trust
.
正是我的班主任的鼓勵和信任幫助我渡過了生活和學習中的難關。
3. After that serious disease， I realise that
.
那次嚴重的疾病之后，我意識到在生活中沒有什么比健康更重要。
you have been appointed as/to be　
that carried me
through the hardships in my life and study　
nothing is more important
than health in life　
4. The ancient temple in the past
two hundred years.
這座古廟見證了過去兩百年里這個村莊的巨大變遷。
5. ， I make the following
promises.
作為對您投訴信的回應，我做出如下承諾。
has seen great changes of the village　
In response to your letter of complaint　
維度四：課文語法填空
　　Lin Qiaozhi， who delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime，
1. （know） as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，
though she never got married.2. （affect） by her
mother’s death， Lin Qiaozhi decided to study medicine 3. the
age of 18 instead of following the traditional path of
was known　
Affected　
at　
4. （marry） like many other girls.After graduating from Peking
Union Medical College， she was hired as a resident
physician.5. （work） for a few years， she was sent
to Europe and the US，6. she rejected her colleagues’ offer to
stay， but returned home.Though appointed 7. （hold）
many important positions， she was more interested in tending
patients.She held the belief that doctors should be responsible
marriage　
Having worked　
where　
to hold　
8. the patients.Dr Lin never retired.Even as she lay 9.
（die）， she was still thinking of others.This is Lin Qiaozhi， who
devoted all her life to 10. （help） the women and children in
need of her help.
for　
dying　
helping　
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
　　（2024·臨汾高一下期末）In Fujian Province during the Northern
Song Dynasty （960－1127） there lived a man called Yang Shi.He
devoted his whole life to study， and to spreading his ideas and
theories.At that time， the brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi， famous
scholars in the capital， Luoyang， were teachers of the Way of Confucius
and Mencius.
　　When Yang Shi heard of them， instead of going to where an official
post had been assigned to him， he made his way to Luoyang and became
Cheng Hao’s student.When Yang Shi finished his studies and left for
home， Cheng Hao said with satisfaction， “My ideas are finally being
spread in the south.” Four years later， Cheng Hao died and Yang Shi
was extremely sad.
　　Later， Yang Shi made his way once more to Luoyang， where he
asked Cheng Yi， Cheng Hao’s younger brother， to be his teacher.He
wanted to make further progress in his studies.At that time Yang Shi was
over forty years old， and a pretty well-known scholar， but he was very
modest and respectful of teachers.
　　One day， Yang Shi and a fellow student， You Zuo， got into a
dispute over a certain matter.Finding that they could not reconcile their
differences， they decided to consult their teacher.
　　It happened to be the deep winter.When they reached Cheng Yi’s
house they found him sitting by a stove meditating （冥想）.Yang Shi
and his classmate did not dare to disturb their teacher， but stood
respectfully outside the door waiting for him to wake up.
　　The snow fell relentlessly， thicker and thicker.After a long time，
Cheng Yi came out of his reverie.He looked out of the window， to see
the two men standing in a blizzard， covered in snow.The teacher hastily
arose and ushered them inside.
　　Later， when Yang Shi had completed his study with Master Cheng
Yi， he returned to the south and spread his teacher’s ideas.The story
“Standing in the Snow at Cheng’s Door” became a fine tale
transmitted from generation to generation advocating respect for teachers
and for study.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。程顥、程頤兄弟倆都是宋代極有學
問的人。進士楊時先拜程顥為師，后來又拜程頤為師。一次楊時和
同學去請教程頤問題，適逢老師休息，于是他們在門外等候，直至
地面積雪一尺多厚。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。程顥、程頤兄弟倆都是宋代極有學
問的人。進士楊時先拜程顥為師，后來又拜程頤為師。一次楊時和
同學去請教程頤問題，適逢老師休息，于是他們在門外等候，直至
地面積雪一尺多厚。
1. What did Yang Shi do before he became Cheng Hao’s student？
（　　）
A. He learned from Cheng Yi.
B. He gave up an official post.
C. He paid a visit to Cheng Yi.
D. He spread Cheng Yi’s ideas.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，楊時先放棄了自己的高
官厚祿，然后去洛陽拜程顥為師。
2.What does the underlined word “reconcile” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A. Settle. B. Notice.
C. Identify. D. Explain.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第四段可知，一天，楊時和他的同學
游酢為一件事發生了爭執。由于他們無法解決分歧，所以才決定去
找老師。因此，畫線詞reconcile與settle意思相近。
3.How did Cheng Yi probably feel when he saw his two students？（　　）
A. Surprised and moved.
B. Satisfied and delighted.
C. Confused and doubtful.
D. Disappointed and curious.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段可知，當程頤向窗外望
去，看到那兩個人站在暴風雪中，渾身是雪。程頤急忙站起來，把
他們領進房間。根據當時的情景，我們可以判斷老師會非常吃驚和
感動。
4.What message does this story intend to convey？（　　）
A. Always have a thirst for knowledge.
B. Keep learning from different teachers.
C. Acquire as much knowledge as possible.
D. Show respect for teachers and knowledge.
解析：　主旨大意題。綜合全文可知，“程門立雪”這一故事，
主要揭示了尊師重道這一中華民族的傳統美德。最后一段對本文的
主旨作了概括。
B
　　（2024·蘭州高一下質檢）What’s really behind the global rise in
working longer and longer hours？We are all workers， whether we work
in an office as managers， in a hot and noisy factory as workers or as
housewives at home.
　　The important message is： Work is for man and not man for work！
Through work， man develops himself， his personality and his sense of
self-worth.It is also through work that man produces goods and services
contributing and participating in the development and society.
　　According to latest International Labor Organization statistics， more
than 400 million employed people worldwide work 49 or more hours per
week.
　　In a recent interview with The New York Times， even Elon Musk，
CEO of Tesla， felt moved to describe his 47th birthday spent locked in
his factory， pulling an all-nighter.“No friends， nothing，” he said.It
might have been just another day in another 120-hour work week.“This
has really come at the expense of seeing my kids and seeing friends，” he
added.
　　Hustling over long hours and weekends has become a staple of start-
up culture in Silicon Valley — hence， it has also filtered out to many
parts of the world.
　　The problem is that this “long hours” culture likely defeats the
purpose of getting more things done， or at least puts a very high price on
doing them.There is plenty of evidence that working overtime reduces
your productivity， and makes you feel and actually be less healthy.It also
makes you more likely to develop a whole range of diseases.
　　Keep in mind that working for days at a time is not smart， even if
you were Elon Musk.The news of his unhealthy work routine has not been
well received by investors， and Tesla’s stock fell 8.8% shortly after the
NYT interview， amid suspicions of Musk’s poor mental health.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今人們工作時間越來越長，作者
認為長時間工作有很大危害。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。如今人們工作時間越來越長，作者
認為長時間工作有很大危害。
5. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. The value of working.
B. The purpose of working.
C. The necessity of working long.
D. The importance of working hard.
解析：　段落大意題。根據第二段可知，本段主要闡述了工作的
價值。
A. To prove CEOs work harder.
B. To show CEOs are very busy.
C. To show working long is common.
D. To prove working long is rewarding.
解析：　推理判斷題。第三段先指出全球有4億多人每周工作
49小時以上，接下來第四段又以Elon Musk為例，說明超時工
作很常見。
6.What’s the author’s purpose of giving the example of Elon Musk？（　　）
A. It’s valuable. B. It’s harmful.
C. It’s necessary. D. It’s understandable.
解析：　細節理解題。根據倒數第二段可知，作者認為長時間工
作不利于完成更多的任務，這樣做會付出很高的代價。
7.What does the author think of working long hours？（　　）
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，紐約時報采訪Elon
Musk的消息公布后，Tesla公司的股票下降了8.8%。由此推知，投
資者可能感覺有點失望。
8.How did the investors probably feel when they watched Elon Musk’s interview？（　　）
A. Very satisfied. B. Very confused.
C. A little surprised. D. A little disappointed.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·濟寧高一下月考）Loneliness is commonly used to
describe a negative emotional state.9.（　　） It is the pain we have felt
following a break-up， perhaps the loss of a loved one， or a move away
from home.
　　The unpleasant feelings of loneliness are subjective； researchers
have found loneliness is not about the amount of time one spends with
other people or alone.10.（　　） A lonely person feels that he or she is
not understood by others， and may not think they hold meaningful
relationships.
　　For some people， loneliness may be temporary and easily
relieved.For others， loneliness cannot be easily resolved and can persist
（持續） when one does not have access to people to connect with.
　　11. （　　） This makes it little different from hunger， thirst or
physical pain， which signals the need to eat， drink or seek medical
attention.
　　In modern societies， however， turning off the alarm signals for
loneliness has become more difficult than satisfying hunger， thirst or the
need to see the doctor.12.（　　）
　　Loneliness has largely been ignored as a condition of concern in
mental health.Researchers have yet to fully understand the extent of how
loneliness affects mental health.Most studies of loneliness and mental
health have focused only on how loneliness relates to depression.
　　13.（　　） Loneliness refers specifically to negative feelings about
the social world， while depression refers to a more general set of negative
feelings.In a study that measured loneliness in older adults over a five-year
period， loneliness predicted depression， but the reverse was not true.
A. Some people like to be alone.
B. They find it difficult to deal with loneliness.
C. Loneliness can be seen as a signal to connect with others.
D. Almost all of us have experienced loneliness at some point.
E. It is related more to quality of relationships， rather than quantity.
F. Although loneliness and depression are partly related， they are
different.
G. For those who are not surrounded by people who care for them，
loneliness can persist.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。人人都會有孤獨的時候，孤獨可能
會影響我們的心理健康。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。人人都會有孤獨的時候，孤獨可能
會影響我們的心理健康。
9. D　第一段是對孤獨的概括性論述，D項說明孤獨在我們生活中的
普遍性，符合語境。
10. E　上句指出孤獨并不在于我們與他人相處或獨處時間的長短，
而E項是對此意的進一步闡釋。
11. C　本段說明孤獨就像饑餓、口渴或疼痛一樣，都是身體發出的
一種信號。下文的signal一詞暗示C項符合語境。
12. G　上文指出在現代社會人們所面臨的孤獨問題變得更難解決，
而G項也說明了解決孤獨的困難。
13. F　下文介紹了孤獨和抑郁之間的區別，因此F項符合語境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·山西五校高一下聯考）Trustworthiness means honesty，
not cheating others， and meaning what one says.Many stories about
honesty have been 　14　 from ancient China.
　　Zengzi， also called Zeng Shen， is 　15　 as one of the most well-
known philosophers in China.Early one morning， Zengzi’s wife started
out for the 　16　.Her small son， not wishing to be left behind， ran
after her， crying.She tried to 　17　 to him that he was too young and
the distance too long for him to 　18　 her to the market.She said，“If
you wait for me at home， I will slaughter （屠宰） a pig and make a
nice 　19　 of pork for you.” The child， hearing this， 　20　 his
tears into a smile and went back to the house.
　　When Zengzi’s wife got back home she showed no 　21　 for a
long time of slaughtering a pig.And so， Zengzi himself 　22　 to do
so， when his wife rushed over to stop him， saying，“You shouldn’t
take my word 　23　 — I only said that to quieten the child.”
　　Zengzi said， “It was 　24　 of you to behave like this.You must
keep your word； even a little child must not be deceived.Children are
like 　25　 sheets of paper and they learn everything from their 　26　
actions.Because you have deceived the boy， in the future he will deceive
others.”
　　Hearing her husband’s explanation， Zengzi’s wife 　27　
having deceived the child， and she 　28　 Zengzi in slaughtering the
pig， and then cooked a steaming dish of fragrant pork for the child.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。曾子是我國春秋末年思想家、儒家
學派的代表人物之一。文章主要講述了他說服妻子信守諾言、為孩
子殺豬的故事。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。曾子是我國春秋末年思想家、儒家
學派的代表人物之一。文章主要講述了他說服妻子信守諾言、為孩
子殺豬的故事。
14. A. set down B. passed down
C. taken up D. looked over
解析：　許多關于誠實的故事從中國古代被流傳下來。pass sth
down將某物從一代傳給下一代。
15.A. confirmed　　 B. advocated
C. regarded　　 D. imagined
解析：　曾子，又名曾參，被認為是中國最著名的哲學家之
一。regard ...as ...是固定短語，意為“把……看作……”。
16.A. market　　 B. restaurant
C. hotel　　 D. village
解析：　根據下文可知，曾子的妻子要去市場。
17.A. suggest　　 B. explain
C. propose　　 D. instruct
解析：　由于孩子哭鬧，曾子的妻子努力跟他解釋。
18.A. protect　　 B. imitate
C. support　　 D. accompany
解析：　曾子的妻子跟孩子說市場太遠，他不能陪她去。
19.A. dish　　 B. feast
C. part　　 D. offer
解析：　曾子的妻子給孩子承諾：“如果你在家等我，我會宰
一頭豬，給你做一盤美味的豬肉。”dish這里指“一碟食物； 一
道菜”。
20.A. changed　　 B. controlled
C. replaced　　 D. removed
解析：　孩子聽了母親的話，立刻淚水變作歡笑。
21.A. hope　　 B. chance
C. sign　　 D. scene
解析：　曾子的妻子回到家后，很長一段時間沒有任何宰殺豬
的跡象。
22.A. demanded　　 B. prepared
C. attempted　　 D. requested
解析：　看到妻子沒有任何反應，曾子準備自己動手去殺豬。
23.A. carefully　　 B. officially
C. naturally　　 D. seriously
解析：　妻子對曾子說：“你不用把我前面說的話太當真。”
take ...seriously表示“認真對待”。
24.A. strange　　 B. wrong
C. typical　　 D. interesting
解析：　根據下文可知，曾子在指責妻子的做法不對，應該對
孩子言而有信。
25.A. precious　 B. simple
C. familiar　　 D. blank
解析：　曾子認為，孩子們就像一張張白紙，他們從父母的行
為中學到一切。blank空白的。
26.A. parents’　　 B. teachers’
C. friends’　　 D. brothers’
解析：　根據語境可知，這里是在強調父母的言行對孩子的重
要影響。
27.A. avoided　　 B. prevented
C. regretted　　 D. imagined
解析：　聽了曾子的話后，妻子對自己前面欺騙孩子的行為感
到后悔。
28.A. agreed　　 B. joined
C. predicted　　 D. reached
解析：　然后妻子跟曾子一起去殺豬，為孩子做美味佳肴。
Ⅳ.語法填空
　　（2024·鄭州高一下期末）As man has a moral nature， to adhere
to moral principles should be everyone’ s first 29. 　　
（consider）.Moral principles are more important than all other things，
including position， wealth， even life.Confucius said，“Wealth and
high position 30. 　　 （desire） by all men， but I would not have them
if they were not won in the right way.Poverty and low position are hated
by all men， 31. 　　 I would not leave them if they could not be rid of in
the right way.”
　　Confucius gave very clear explanations to the meaning of humanity：
It means to love other men， to help others to stand up， and not to
impose （強加） on others 32. 　　 they do not desire themselves.
　　Confucius himself loved other men.At that time when social classes
33. 　　 （be） distinct， he accepted as students people 34. 　　 all
levels of society and taught all of them.In 35. 　　 （teach） his
students， Confucius was in fact helping them to stand up （succeed）
and understand things （the truth）.
　　In connection with humanity， Confucius mentioned many other
36. 　　 （virtue）， such as rightness， propriety， wisdom，
trustworthiness， loyalty， forbearance， filial piety and brotherly
love.He called a man 37. 　　 had virtues a gentleman and a man who
was not virtuous a mean man.A virtuous man is always open and sincere，
ready to help other men， free from worries and fears， and at peace with
38. 　　 （he） and the world.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了我國偉大圣人孔子
眼里的道德觀。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了我國偉大圣人孔子
眼里的道德觀。
29. consideration　本空前面的everyone’s first暗示這里應用名詞。
30. are desired　本句主語為Wealth and high position，表示復數概念，
且陳述一個客觀事實，應用一般現在時。故填are desired。
31. but　此處孔子的原句為：“富與貴，是人之所欲也；不以其道得
之，不處也。貧與賤，是人之所惡也；不以其道得之，不去也。”由
于前后兩個分句表達轉折關系，因此用連詞but。
32. what　本空前面有動詞impose，因此這里應用連接代詞what引導
一個賓語從句。這里表示“己所不欲，勿施于人”。
33. were　本句主語為social classes，表示復數概念，另外在陳述過去
的情況，故填were。
34. from　這里表示孔子接受來自社會各階層的學生。from all levels
of society來自社會各個階層。
35. teaching　本空前面有介詞In，因此這里應用動詞-ing形式作
其賓語。
36. virtues　本空后面列舉了各種優點和美德，因此用名詞的復數
形式。
37. who/that　本空前面的man是先行詞，因此這里應用關系代詞
who/that引導定語從句。
38. himself　本句主語為A virtuous man，這里表示一個君子經常會與
自己和平相處，也就是獲得內心的平靜與安寧。
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