資源簡介

　 UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
（2024·滄州十校高一下月考）The ancient Chinese thinker
Confucius regarded benevolence （仁） as the underpinning of morality and as the basis of all the virtues.There is a story in The History of the Three Kingdoms which can help us understand the concept of benevolence.
　　The story goes that Cao Cao led a large army south to attack Jingzhou.At that time the military commander of Jingzhou， Liu Biao， had recently died of illness， and his second son， Liu Cong， had succeeded to his position.At the urging of his followers who wished to surrender the city， Liu Cong was preparing to capitulate （投降） to Cao Cao.Liu Bei had reached the city of Xiangyang， where the master strategist Zhuge Liang advised him to attack his ally Liu Cong.Zhuge Liang said that Liu Cong had already surrendered， and was about to deliver Jingzhou to Cao Cao.So it would be better if Jingzhou fell into their hands than into Cao Cao’s.“This is the very moment，” he said， “to attack Liu Cong.” But when Liu Bei remembered how Liu Cong’s father had once protected him， he could not attack Liu Cong.He told Zhuge Liang，“No， I have not the heart to do it.”
　　This is an example of benevolence.
　　This story gives us a glimpse of how Liu Bei used benevolence as his method of government.Liu Bei can be said to be a gentleman with the virtue of benevolence.In this， he stands in sharp contrast to Cao Cao.Liu Bei’s image of benevolence and righteousness won more of the people’s hearts for him.He gained the support of all the people and officials， which made him an outstanding figure in Chinese history.Benevolence is the first of the fine traditional virtues of the Chinese race.This spirit clearly demonstrates the kindheartedness and friendliness of the Chinese people.Everybody supports people of benevolence and love for others.
1.What does the underlined phrase “succeeded to” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（　　）
A.Gave out.　　　　　　B.Took over.
C.Turned down. D.Put forward.
2.What did Zhuge Liang advise Liu Bei to do？（　　）
A.To occupy Jingzhou.
B.To give up Xiangyang.
C.To capitulate to Cao Cao.
D.To attack Cao Cao with Liu Cong.
3.How did Zhuge Liang probably feel about Liu Bei’s decision？（　　）
A.Satisfied. B.Surprised.
C.Confused. D.Disappointed.
4.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　）
A.To make a summary.
B.To offer a suggestion.
C.To add a supplement.
D.To provide an example.
B
　　（2024·南京高一下質檢）Dwayne Johnson said this week he returned to a 7-Eleven in Hawaii to “right the wrong” of stealing candy when he was a teenager.
　　In an Instagram post， the star explained that his family was “broke as hell” when he was living on the island and， for nearly a year when he was 14， he would steal a Snickers （士力架） bar from the store on the way to the gym “every day” as his pre-workout snack because he couldn’t afford to buy one.
　　He recalled that “the same clerk was there every day and always just turned her head and never searched me”， but admitted that his actions had been weighing on his conscience （良心） for three decades.
　　Johnson documented the recent visit to the store， in which he emptied the shelves of every Snickers bar， bought them and then left the candy bars for any customers to take for free.
　　“If somebody looks like they’re stealing Snickers， give them these so they don’t steal it，” Johnson told the store clerk.
　　He wrote that he realised the deed might seem “silly”， but every time he would come back home to Hawaii and drive by 7-Eleven， he always knew he “needed to go in and clean out every Snickers bar they had — the right way”.
　　Johnson racked up a bill of 298 and also tipped the clerk who had to count the dozens of bars he bought and another cashier who was working at the time.The former wrestling star even posed for selfies with fans while trying to film the visit.
　　Yes， we can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may have done， but every once in a while we can do something to make up for that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some stranger’s faces.
5.How did Dwayne Johnson feel about what he did at the age of 14？（　　）
A.Guilty. B.Worried.
C.Nervous. D.Confused.
6.Why did Dwayne Johnson spend $298 on Snickers bars？（　　）
A.To thank the store clerk.
B.To realise his childhood dream.
C.To show he was wealthy enough.
D.To make up for his past behaviour.
7.What can we learn about Dwayne Johnson？（　　）
A.He was born into a rich family.
B.He was lazy when he was young.
C.He was responsible for his behaviour.
D.He was helped by the clerk in the past.
8.What does the author want to tell us by sharing Dwayne Johnson’s story？（　　）
A.Honesty is the best policy.
B.It’s never too late to mend.
C.What’s done cannot be undone.
D.Actions speak louder than words.
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·重慶高一下月考）Do you want to speak fluent English？ We would simply advice you to think of the word CEK which stands for Change Attitude， Expose Yourself and Keep Talking.
　　Change Attitude： From our experience， this is the most common problem for anyone who wants to learn English.The point is that you should realise that your goal is to communicate with people in English.
　　9.（　　） Well， if you want to be， please skip this article immediately.So do not worry about 100% correct grammar.
　　It is acceptable for the beginner to say “he don’t know” instead of “he doesn’t know” as long as the listener understands what you are trying to communicate.10.（　　）
　　Expose Yourself： This step means to expose yourself to English environment.Of course， it is better if you could come to US or UK to study or learn English.11.（　　）
　　This is twenty-first century and English is already everywhere.Movies， music， newspapers， articles and hundreds of tourists who walk past you every day can be great learning sources.12.（　　）
　　Keep Talking： Whenever you have a chance to talk or to test your skills， just do it.As the saying goes，“Practice makes perfect.” 13.（　　）
　　Do not worry about making mistakes.Everyone makes mistakes， Tiger Woods， David Beckham， Madonna， etc.Who are you？ Come on.Let’s go out and create your own world of English.
A.Speaking is the most difficult part.
B.But I would say that you don’t have to.
C.Nothing is more important than hard work.
D.You can even assume situations and talk to yourself.
E.Just make the best of every opportunity to learn English.
F.You do not want to be an English professor or a professional translator.
G.At least it is less annoying for them to wait for you 1 minute to produce each perfect sentence.
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。三國時期，當荊州面臨危險之際，劉備拒絕諸葛亮攻打荊州的建議，表現了劉備仁義的一面。
1.B　詞義猜測題。根據第二段可知，當時劉表去世，其子劉琮應該是繼承或接管了其職位。
2.A　細節理解題。根據第二段可知，由于當時劉琮打算投降曹操，諸葛亮建議劉備攻打荊州。諸葛亮的想法是：與其讓荊州落入曹操之手，還不如劉備一方占領荊州。
3.D　推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，由于劉備念及荊州舊主劉表舊恩，沒有聽從諸葛亮攻打荊州的建議。由此可以判斷，諸葛亮肯定很失望。
4.A　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，本段主要是對上文故事進行總結，說明劉備受到后世好評的原因以及“仁義”在中國文化中的重要意義。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Dwayne Johnson 14歲時曾經偷過便利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成為明星的他為了表示對過去錯誤的懺悔，去該便利店花298美元買下該店所有的士力架巧克力供有需要的顧客免費拿走。
5.A　細節理解題。根據第三段可知，30年來，Dwayne Johnson對他青少年時偷士力架巧克力的行為一直受到良心的譴責。
6.D　推理判斷題。根據上下文可知，Dwayne Johnson這么做是為了對過去自己所犯的錯誤表示彌補和懺悔。
7.C　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，Dwayne Johnson指出，我們雖然無法改變過去，但是總是可以做一些事來對過去的錯誤做出彌補和補償。由此可知，他是一個對自己行為負責的人。
8.B　主旨大意題。綜合全文尤其是最后一段可知，作者分享Dwayne Johnson的故事，主要想告訴我們彌補過失和改正錯誤的重要性，即使這種彌補和改正來得晚一些。
Ⅱ.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何練習英語口語提出了三條建議。
9.F　上文強調學英語的目的是交際，下文的if you want to be暗示F項符合語境。
10.G　上文說用英文交際時犯一些語法錯誤沒關系，這里G項是對上文意思的延續和補充，符合語境。
11.B　上文說去英美國家學英語當然很好，下文又說21世紀處處都能學英語，故B項符合語境。
12.E　上文說處處都有學英語的資源，我們自然要好好利用這些機會，故E項符合語境。
13.D　本部分強調堅持說英語的重要性，有機會要說，沒有機會要創造機會——想象語言環境并自言自語，故D項符合語境。
2 / 3Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
　　　　　　　　　　　　　話題聽力提能 ——捕捉信息，精準判斷
聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第1段材料，回答第1至3題。
1.What happened to the man？（　　）
A.He spent one month in the hospital.
B.A car accident happened to him.
C.He had to be hospitalized because of an illness.
2.What does the man want to do？（　　）
A.Offer help.
B.Borrow notes.
C.Study in the library.
3.Where do the speakers decide to go first？（　　）
A.The library.
B.The man’s house.
C.A restaurant.
聽第2段材料，回答第4至6題。
4.What might the woman be？（　　）
A.A ticket seller.
B.A receptionist.
C.A travel agent.
5.When will Mr White fly to Australia？（　　）
A.26 July.　　B.27 July.　　C.2 August.
6.How many nights will Mr White stay in Australia？（　　）
A.Five. B.Six. C.Seven.
聽第3段材料，回答第7至9題。
7.What does the man ask the woman to do？（　　）
A.See a doctor.
B.Tell him the truth.
C.Go jogging with him.
8.What mistake did the woman make？（　　）
A.Sending the wrong goods to the customer.
B.Forgetting to fill in the address.
C.Losing the package.
9.What’s the man’s suggestion for the woman？（　　）
A.Trying to make up the lost.
B.Making an apology first.
C.Being careful in future.
聽第4段材料，回答第10至12題。
10.What did Aaron like doing on the open land？（　　）
A.Exploring nature.
B.Catching birds.
C.Doing homework.
11.What did Aaron do to save the land？（　　）
A.He talked to government officials.
B.He asked his teachers for advice.
C.He wrote to TV journalists.
12.What does the speaker think of Aaron？（　　）
A.He’s brave.
B.He’s stubborn.
C.He’s creative.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　話題表達實戰 ——聚焦主題，定向突破
　　情境：英語課上，老師鼓勵學生們探討優秀的傳統美德，同學們踴躍發言。
　　閱讀并根據提示完成下面對話。
Teacher：As we all know， 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （我們中國人有很多傳統美德）.Next， I want to find some students to tell us something about our virtues.Li Hua， please！
Li Hua：Thanks， Ms Liu.2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （我認為最重要的美德之一是誠信）.Honesty is the base of the society.
Teacher：Very good.Wang Lei， do you have anything to say？
Wang Lei：Yes， Ms Liu.In my opinion， diligence is more important， 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （因為我們中國人因勤奮努力而著稱）.
Teacher：Good！ Anyone else？
Han Meimei：Ms Liu， 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （我認為友善對我們的社會很重要）.
moral adj.道德的；道義上的 n.品行；道德；寓意
【教材原句】　In this unit， you will listen to discussions about moral dilemmas and the power of kindness and talk about the virtues that we cherish.
在本單元中，你會聽關于道德困境和善良力量的討論，并談論我們所珍視的美德。
【用法】
（1）It’s moral to do ...　做……是合乎道德的 （2）morally adv. 道德上 immoral adj. 不道德的
【佳句】　The moral of the fable “The Tortoise and the Hare” is that only by persisting in whatever we are doing can we succeed.
寓言“龜兔賽跑”的寓意是：無論做什么，只有堅持不懈，我們才能成功。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Anything that is 　　　　　　（moral） wrong is ultimately bad for individuals and the company.
【寫美】　完成句子
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， instead of standing by， we should give a hand.
面對道德困境，我們應該伸出援手，而不是袖手旁觀。
dilemma n.進退兩難的境地；困境
【用法】
moral dilemma　　　　　　　道德困境 get out of a dilemma 擺脫困境 put sb into a dilemma 使某人陷入困境 in a dilemma 處于困境中
【佳句】　①Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing between work and family commitments.
許多女性面臨著在工作和家庭之間選擇的兩難境地。
②We now face an embarrassing dilemma： Should we stay or go？
我們現在面臨著一個尷尬的困境：我們應該留下還是離開？
【練透】　單句語法填空
①When faced with 　　　dilemma， we should think twice and make a right choice.
②She was 　　　a dilemma， wondering what to do next.
【寫美】　完成句子
③I am grateful that you helped me 　　　　　　　　　　　　I was in.
我很感激你幫助我擺脫了進退兩難的境地。
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 about whether to continue or cancel the event.
突如其來的雨使組織者陷入了繼續還是取消活動的兩難境地。
Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking
【話題聽說·勤操練】
話題聽力提能
1－5　CBACB　6－10　BBACA　11－12　CA
聽力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Hi， Emma.How is it going？
W：Everything’s fine.How about you？
M：I’m good.Thanks for asking.Can I ask you a favour？
W：Sure， what can I do for you？
M：You know I had a two-week stay in the hospital.I missed a couple of classes.
W：Yeah.It’s good to see you fully recover from an illness.
M：I was wondering if you’d be willing to lend me your economics notes.
W：I got you， David.I can give you my notes.
M：Thank you， Emma.You saved the day.
W：No problem.Actually， I can also help you study today.
M：That would be great.Well， it’s nearly eleven thirty.How about going to my place to have lunch together？ Then we can stay in my study.
W：Sounds good.But I need to go to the library first to get my books.
M：Okay.Let’s go.
（Text 2）
W：Good morning， sir.How can I help you？
M：Well， I have some time off from work next month.And I was thinking of going to Australia.
W：That sounds great.How long is your vacation？
M：Just one week.26 July is my last day at work.
W：OK.Here is a Sydney brochure.Have a look and see if there’s a hotel that you like.
M：Oh， the Four Seasons Hotel is good.
W：Yes， it’s a very high-class hotel.I’m sure you’ll enjoy your stay there.So， would you like me to make the booking now， sir？
M：Hmm ...Yes， please.
W：I just need to take some personal information.What’s your full name and telephone number？
M：Martin Andrew White.And the number is 026249734.
W：Do you plan to travel alone， Mr White？
M：Yes， just me.
W：OK.You’ll finish work on Friday the 26th.Shall I try to book your flight for the next morning？ And then you’ll reach at noon on the first day.
M：Yes， great.And a return flight on 2 August， please.
（Text 3）
M：You look upset.What’s wrong with you？
W：Yes， I’m unwell today.
M：Please don’t lie to me.You told me that you went jogging this morning， didn’t you？ Please be honest to me.Who knows I can help you.
W：Actually Mr Scott got angry with me just now.
M：Why did he get angry with you？
W：I have done a big mistake.
M：What’s that？
W：I have sent the wrong goods to the customer so that we lost millions of dollars.
M：How come？ You’re really careless！ You should be more careful in doing things.
W：I made a mistake in putting the address on the package.I didn’t do it intentionally.I feel guilty， and I have apologised.
M：Yes， I know it.But it’s useless to regret.Don’t make any mistakes again.
W：Alright， I think you are right.I promise I won’t do it again.
（Text 4）
　　W：Aaron， a 12-year-old boy， loved playing on the open land near his home.The land was wet and forested， and made a home for animals and many different plants.It made the perfect place for him to get to know and study nature.All of a sudden， it was announced that the empty land would be improved by building a very large complex of apartments on it.The plants would be removed， and the animals would escape and most probably die.When Aaron heard the news， he was not happy.He was worried that polluted water would run from the apartments into the ponds.From the ponds， water would run into the water supply that served the people of that area.
　　Aaron wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the area， and how the apartment block would affect the local environment.He sent letters to members of government and television reporters.Finally， Aaron prevented the apartments from being built， and thus helped save his environment.The land remained a safe place for animals and plants.
　　Although Aaron was only 12， he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older.Aaron’s teachers described him as gentle， shy and motivated.
話題表達實戰
1.we Chinese have many traditional virtues
2.I think one of the most important virtues is honesty
3.because we Chinese are famous for being diligent and hard-working
4.I think kindness is of great importance to our society
【知識要點·須拾遺】
1.①morally　②Faced with moral dilemmas
2.①a　②in　③get out of the dilemma
④The sudden rain put the organizers into a dilemma
2 / 3(共51張PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Listening and Speaking
1
話題聽說·勤操練
目 錄
2
知識要點·須拾遺
3
課時檢測·提能力
話題聽說·勤操練
志在強化技能
1
　話題聽力提能 ——捕捉信息，精準判斷
聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所
給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將
有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的
作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第1段材料，回答第1至3題。
1. What happened to the man？（　　）
A. He spent one month in the hospital.
B. A car accident happened to him.
C. He had to be hospitalized because of an illness.
2. What does the man want to do？（　　）
A. Offer help.
B. Borrow notes.
C. Study in the library.
3. Where do the speakers decide to go first？（　　）
A. The library.
B. The man’s house.
C. A restaurant.
聽第2段材料，回答第4至6題。
4. What might the woman be？（　　）
A. A ticket seller.
B. A receptionist.
C. A travel agent.
5. When will Mr White fly to Australia？（　　）
A. 26 July. B. 27 July. C. 2 August.
6. How many nights will Mr White stay in Australia？（　　）
A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven.
聽第3段材料，回答第7至9題。
7. What does the man ask the woman to do？（　　）
A. See a doctor.
B. Tell him the truth.
C. Go jogging with him.
8. What mistake did the woman make？（　　）
A. Sending the wrong goods to the customer.
B. Forgetting to fill in the address.
C. Losing the package.
9. What’s the man’s suggestion for the woman？（　　）
A. Trying to make up the lost.
B. Making an apology first.
C. Being careful in future.
聽第4段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. What did Aaron like doing on the open land？（　　）
A. Exploring nature.
B. Catching birds.
C. Doing homework.
11. What did Aaron do to save the land？（　　）
A. He talked to government officials.
B. He asked his teachers for advice.
C. He wrote to TV journalists.
12. What does the speaker think of Aaron？（　　）
A. He’s brave. B. He’s stubborn.
C. He’s creative.
聽力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Hi， Emma.How is it going？
W：Everything’s fine.How about you？
M：I’m good.Thanks for asking.Can I ask you a favour？
W：Sure， what can I do for you？
M：You know I had a two-week stay in the hospital.I missed a couple of
classes.
W：Yeah.It’s good to see you fully recover from an illness.
M：I was wondering if you’d be willing to lend me your economics
notes.
W：I got you， David.I can give you my notes.
M：Thank you， Emma.You saved the day.
W：No problem.Actually， I can also help you study today.
M：That would be great.Well， it’s nearly eleven thirty.How about
going to my place to have lunch together？ Then we can stay in my study.
W：Sounds good.But I need to go to the library first to get my books.
M：Okay.Let’s go.
（Text 2）
W：Good morning， sir.How can I help you？
M：Well， I have some time off from work next month.And I was
thinking of going to Australia.
W：That sounds great.How long is your vacation？
M：Just one week.26 July is my last day at work.
W：OK. Here is a Sydney brochure.Have a look and see if there’s a
hotel that you like.
M：Oh， the Four Seasons Hotel is good.
W：Yes， it’s a very high-class hotel.I’m sure you’ll enjoy your stay
there.So， would you like me to make the booking now， sir？
M：Hmm ...Yes， please.
W：I just need to take some personal information.What’s your full name
and telephone number？
M：Martin Andrew White.And the number is 026249734.
W：Do you plan to travel alone， Mr White？
M：Yes， just me.
W：OK. You’ll finish work on Friday the 26th.Shall I try to book your
flight for the next morning？ And then you’ll reach at noon on the first
day.
M：Yes， great.And a return flight on 2 August， please.
（Text 3）
M：You look upset.What’s wrong with you？
W：Yes， I’m unwell today.
M：Please don’t lie to me.You told me that you went jogging this
morning， didn’t you？ Please be honest to me.Who knows I can help
you.
W：Actually Mr Scott got angry with me just now.
M：Why did he get angry with you？
W：I have done a big mistake.
M：What’s that？
W：I have sent the wrong goods to the customer so that we lost millions of
dollars.
M：How come？ You’re really careless！ You should be more careful in
doing things.
W：I made a mistake in putting the address on the package.I didn’t do it
intentionally.I feel guilty， and I have apologised.
M：Yes， I know it.But it’s useless to regret.Don’t make any
mistakes again.
W：Alright， I think you are right.I promise I won’t do it again.
（Text 4）
　　W：Aaron， a 12-year-old boy， loved playing on the open land
near his home.The land was wet and forested， and made a home for
animals and many different plants.It made the perfect place for him to get
to know and study nature.All of a sudden， it was announced that the
empty land would be improved by building a very large complex of
apartments on it.The plants would be removed， and the animals would
escape and most probably die.When Aaron heard the news， he was not
happy.He was worried that polluted water would run from the apartments
into the ponds.From the ponds， water would run into the water supply
that served the people of that area.
　　Aaron wrote down clearly all the research he had done about the
area， and how the apartment block would affect the local
environment.He sent letters to members of government and television
reporters.Finally， Aaron prevented the apartments from being built，
and thus helped save his environment.The land remained a safe place for
animals and plants.
　　Although Aaron was only 12， he had the courage and wisdom of a
person much older.Aaron’s teachers described him as gentle， shy and
motivated.
　話題表達實戰 ——聚焦主題，定向突破
　　情境：英語課上，老師鼓勵學生們探討優秀的傳統美德，同學
們踴躍發言。
　　閱讀并根據提示完成下面對話。
Teacher：As we all know， 1.
（我們中國人有很多傳統美德）.Next， I want to find some
students to tell us something about our virtues.Li Hua， please！
we Chinese have many traditional
virtues　
Li Hua：Thanks， Ms Liu.2.
（我認為最重要的美德之一是誠信）.Honesty is the base
of the society.
Teacher：Very good.Wang Lei， do you have anything to say？
Wang Lei：Yes， Ms Liu.In my opinion， diligence is more important，
3.
（因為我們中國人因勤奮努力而著稱）.
Teacher：Good！ Anyone else？
Han Meimei：Ms Liu， 4.
（我認為友善對我們的社會很重要）.
I think one of the most important virtues
is honesty　
because we Chinese are famous for being diligent and hard-
working　
I think kindness is of great importance to our
society　
知識要點·須拾遺
關注高頻詞匯
2
moral adj.道德的；道義上的 n.品行；道德；寓意
【教材原句】　In this unit， you will listen to discussions about moral
dilemmas and the power of kindness and talk about the virtues that we
cherish.在本單元中，你會聽關于道德困境和善良力量的討論，并談
論我們所珍視的美德。
【用法】
（1）It’s moral to do ...　做……是合乎道德的
（2）morally adv.　　道德上
immoral adj.　　不道德的
【佳句】　The moral of the fable “The Tortoise and the Hare” is that
only by persisting in whatever we are doing can we succeed.寓言“龜兔
賽跑”的寓意是：無論做什么，只有堅持不懈，我們才能成功。
【練透】　單句語法填空
①Anything that is （moral） wrong is ultimately bad for
individuals and the company.
【寫美】　完成句子
② ， instead of standing by， we should
give a hand.
面對道德困境，我們應該伸出援手，而不是袖手旁觀。
morally　
Faced with moral dilemmas　
dilemma n.進退兩難的境地；困境
【用法】
moral dilemma　　　 　道德困境
get out of a dilemma　　擺脫困境
put sb into a dilemma　　使某人陷入困境
in a dilemma　　處于困境中
【佳句】　①Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing
between work and family commitments.
許多女性面臨著在工作和家庭之間選擇的兩難境地。
②We now face an embarrassing dilemma： Should we stay or go？我們
現在面臨著一個尷尬的困境：我們應該留下還是離開？
【練透】　單句語法填空
①When faced with dilemma， we should think twice and make a
right choice.
②She was a dilemma， wondering what to do next.
a　
in　
【寫美】　完成句子
③I am grateful that you helped me I was in.
我很感激你幫助我擺脫了進退兩難的境地。
④ about whether to
continue or cancel the event.突如其來的雨使組織者陷入了繼續還是取
消活動的兩難境地。
get out of the dilemma　
The sudden rain put the organizers into a dilemma　
課時檢測·提能力
培育學科素養
3
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
（2024·滄州十校高一下月考）The ancient Chinese thinker Confucius regarded benevolence （仁） as the underpinning of morality and as the basis of all the irtues.There is a story in The History of the Three Kingdoms which can help us understand the concept of benevolence.
　　The story goes that Cao Cao led a large army south to attack
Jingzhou.At that time the military commander of Jingzhou， Liu Biao，
had recently died of illness， and his second son， Liu Cong， had
succeeded to his position.At the urging of his followers who wished to
surrender the city， Liu Cong was preparing to capitulate （投降） to Cao
Cao.Liu Bei had reached the city of Xiangyang， where the master
strategist Zhuge Liang advised him to attack his ally Liu Cong.Zhuge
Liang said that Liu Cong had already surrendered，
and was about to deliver Jingzhou to Cao Cao.So it would be better if
Jingzhou fell into their hands than into Cao Cao’s.“This is the very
moment，” he said， “to attack Liu Cong.” But when Liu Bei
remembered how Liu Cong’s father had once protected him， he could
not attack Liu Cong.He told Zhuge Liang，“No， I have not the heart to
do it.”
　　This is an example of benevolence.
　　This story gives us a glimpse of how Liu Bei used benevolence as his
method of government.Liu Bei can be said to be a gentleman with the
virtue of benevolence.In this， he stands in sharp contrast to Cao Cao.Liu
Bei’s image of benevolence and righteousness won more of the
people’s hearts for him.He gained the support of all the people and
officials， which made him an outstanding figure in Chinese
history.Benevolence is the first of the fine traditional virtues of the
Chinese race.This spirit clearly demonstrates the kindheartedness and
friendliness of the Chinese people.Everybody supports people of
benevolence and love for others.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。三國時期，當荊州面臨危險之際，
劉備拒絕諸葛亮攻打荊州的建議，表現了劉備仁義的一面。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。三國時期，當荊州面臨危險之際，
劉備拒絕諸葛亮攻打荊州的建議，表現了劉備仁義的一面。
1. What does the underlined phrase “succeeded to” in Paragraph 2
probably mean？（　　）
A. Gave out. B. Took over.
C. Turned down. D. Put forward.
解析：　詞義猜測題。根據第二段可知，當時劉表去世，其子劉
琮應該是繼承或接管了其職位。
A. To occupy Jingzhou.
B. To give up Xiangyang.
C. To capitulate to Cao Cao.
D. To attack Cao Cao with Liu Cong.
2.What did Zhuge Liang advise Liu Bei to do？（　　）
解析：　細節理解題。根據第二段可知，由于當時劉琮打算投降
曹操，諸葛亮建議劉備攻打荊州。諸葛亮的想法是：與其讓荊州落
入曹操之手，還不如劉備一方占領荊州。
3.How did Zhuge Liang probably feel about Liu Bei’s decision？（　　）
A. Satisfied. B. Surprised.
C. Confused. D. Disappointed.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，由于劉備念及荊州舊主
劉表舊恩，沒有聽從諸葛亮攻打荊州的建議。由此可以判斷，諸葛
亮肯定很失望。
4.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　）
A. To make a summary. B. To offer a suggestion.
C. To add a supplement. D. To provide an example.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，本段主要是對上文故
事進行總結，說明劉備受到后世好評的原因以及“仁義”在中國文
化中的重要意義。
B
　　（2024·南京高一下質檢）Dwayne Johnson said this week he
returned to a 7-Eleven in Hawaii to “right the wrong” of stealing candy
when he was a teenager.
　　In an Instagram post， the star explained that his family was “broke
as hell” when he was living on the island and， for nearly a year when he
was 14， he would steal a Snickers （士力架） bar from the store on the
way to the gym “every day” as his pre-workout snack because he
couldn’t afford to buy one.
　　He recalled that “the same clerk was there every day and always just
turned her head and never searched me”， but admitted that his actions
had been weighing on his conscience （良心） for three decades.
　　Johnson documented the recent visit to the store， in which he
emptied the shelves of every Snickers bar， bought them and then left the
candy bars for any customers to take for free.
　　“If somebody looks like they’re stealing Snickers， give them
these so they don’t steal it，” Johnson told the store clerk.
　　He wrote that he realised the deed might seem “silly”， but every
time he would come back home to Hawaii and drive by 7-Eleven， he
always knew he “needed to go in and clean out every Snickers bar they
had — the right way”.
　　Johnson racked up a bill of 298 and also tipped the clerk who had to
count the dozens of bars he bought and another cashier who was working
at the time.The former wrestling star even posed for selfies with fans
while trying to film the visit.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Dwayne Johnson 14歲時曾經偷過便
利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成為明星的他為了表示對過去錯誤的
懺悔，去該便利店花298美元買下該店所有的士力架巧克力供有需要
的顧客免費拿走。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Dwayne Johnson 14歲時曾經偷過便
利店的士力架巧克力，如今已成為明星的他為了表示對過去錯誤的
懺悔，去該便利店花298美元買下該店所有的士力架巧克力供有需要
的顧客免費拿走。
　　Yes， we can’t change the past and some of the dumb stuff we may
have done， but every once in a while we can do something to make up for
that fault — and maybe put a big smile on some stranger’s faces.
5. How did Dwayne Johnson feel about what he did at the age of 14？
（　　）
A. Guilty. B. Worried.
C. Nervous. D. Confused.
解析：細節理解題。根據第三段可知，30年來，Dwayne Johnson對他青少年時偷士力架巧克力的行為一直受到良心的譴
責。
A. To thank the store clerk.
B. To realise his childhood dream.
C. To show he was wealthy enough.
D. To make up for his past behaviour.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據上下文可知，Dwayne Johnson這么做
是為了對過去自己所犯的錯誤表示彌補和懺悔。
6.Why did Dwayne Johnson spend $298 on Snickers bars？（　　）
A. He was born into a rich family.
B. He was lazy when he was young.
C. He was responsible for his behaviour.
D. He was helped by the clerk in the past.
解析：　推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，Dwayne Johnson指
出，我們雖然無法改變過去，但是總是可以做一些事來對過去的錯
誤做出彌補和補償。由此可知，他是一個對自己行為負責的人。
7.What can we learn about Dwayne Johnson？（　　）
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. It’s never too late to mend.
C. What’s done cannot be undone.
D. Actions speak louder than words.
解析：　主旨大意題。綜合全文尤其是最后一段可知，作者分享
Dwayne Johnson的故事，主要想告訴我們彌補過失和改正錯誤的重
要性，即使這種彌補和改正來得晚一些。
8.What does the author want to tell us by sharing Dwayne Johnson’s story？（　　）
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
　　（2024·重慶高一下月考）Do you want to speak fluent English？
We would simply advice you to think of the word CEK which stands for
Change Attitude， Expose Yourself and Keep Talking.
　　Change Attitude： From our experience， this is the most common
problem for anyone who wants to learn English.The point is that you
should realise that your goal is to communicate with people in English.
　　9.（　　） Well， if you want to be， please skip this article
immediately.So do not worry about 100% correct grammar.
　　It is acceptable for the beginner to say “he don’t know” instead of
“he doesn’t know” as long as the listener understands what you are
trying to communicate.10.（　　）
　　Expose Yourself： This step means to expose yourself to English
environment.Of course， it is better if you could come to US or UK to
study or learn English.11.（　　）
　　This is twenty-first century and English is already
everywhere.Movies， music， newspapers， articles and hundreds of
tourists who walk past you every day can be great learning sources.12.
（　　）
　　Keep Talking： Whenever you have a chance to talk or to test your
skills， just do it.As the saying goes，“Practice makes perfect.” 13.
（　　）
　　Do not worry about making mistakes.Everyone makes mistakes，
Tiger Woods， David Beckham， Madonna， etc.Who are you？ Come
on.Let’s go out and create your own world of English.
A. Speaking is the most difficult part.
B. But I would say that you don’t have to.
C. Nothing is more important than hard work.
D. You can even assume situations and talk to yourself.
E. Just make the best of every opportunity to learn English.
F. You do not want to be an English professor or a professional translator.
G. At least it is less annoying for them to wait for you 1 minute to produce
each perfect sentence.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何練習英語口語提出
了三條建議。
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何練習英語口語提出
了三條建議。
9. F　上文強調學英語的目的是交際，下文的if you want to be暗示F項
符合語境。
10. G　上文說用英文交際時犯一些語法錯誤沒關系，這里G項是對上
文意思的延續和補充，符合語境。
11. B　上文說去英美國家學英語當然很好，下文又說21世紀處處都
能學英語，故B項符合語境。
12. E　上文說處處都有學英語的資源，我們自然要好好利用這些機
會，故E項符合語境。
13. D　本部分強調堅持說英語的重要性，有機會要說，沒有機會要
創造機會——想象語言環境并自言自語，故D項符合語境。
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